geografia 8
geografia 8
geografia 8
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suburbanizaciis Sedegad qalaqis dasaxlebis axali da msxvili tipi – megalopolisi warmoiqmneba.<br />
§23. qalaqis problemebi<br />
1. gauresdeba qalaqis ekologiuri mdgomareoba.<br />
2. atmosferuli haeris gaWuWyianebis done dilidan TandaTan imatebs da SuadRisas piks aRwevs.<br />
3. qalaquri problemebia: mosaxleobis swrafi zrda (ZiriTadad migraciis xarjze), sacxovrebeli<br />
binebis ukmarisoba da siZvire, mwvane zonebis simcire, xmauri da sxv.<br />
§ 24. sofeli<br />
gaixsene:<br />
1. qalaqi SeiZleba ewodos iseT dasaxlebas, romlis mcxovrebTa udidesi nawili Tavs irCens<br />
vaWrobiTa da mrewvelobiT.<br />
2. saqarTveloSi qalaqad is dasaxlebuli punqti iTvleba, romlis mosaxleoba 5000 kacs aWarbebs<br />
da maTi umravlesoba arasasoflo-sameurneo saqmianobiTaa dakavebuli.<br />
davaleba:<br />
1. aseT soflebSi, mosaxleoba ZiriTadad sasoflo-sameurneo saqmianobiTaa dakavebuli.<br />
2. bunebrivma faqtorebma.<br />
3. ganviTarebul qveynebSi soflebi keTilmowyobilia, ganviTarebulia infrastruqtura. ganviTarebadi<br />
qveynebis soflebi ki moklebulia gzebs, transports, momsaxurebis obieqtebs.<br />
§ 25. Tanamedrove msoflios meurneoba<br />
1. materialuri da aramaterialuri dargebi erTmaneTTan mWidro kavSirSia. materialuri<br />
sferos dargebis mier warmoebuli produqcia momxmareblamde da daniSnulebis adgilamde swored<br />
aramaterialuri warmoebis sferos dargebis saSualebiT aRwevs.<br />
2. materialuri warmoebis sferos dargebi qmnian sxvadasxva saxis produqcias, xolo aramaterialuri<br />
sferos dargebi – ara.<br />
3. sasargeblo wiaRiseuli aucilebelia meurneobis iseTi dargebis ganviTarebisaTvis, rogorebicaa<br />
energetika, metalurgia, qimiuri mrewveloba da sxva.<br />
4. soflis meurneobis ganviTareba, gansakuTrebiT ki memcenareoba didad aris damokidebuli<br />
bunebriv pirobebze. niadagi, siTbosa da tenis raodenoba gansazRvravs ama Tu im mcenaris mosavlianobas,<br />
savegetacio periods da a.S.<br />
5. mesameuli dargebi, ZiriTadad, momxmarebels emsaxureba da amitom maT momsaxureobis sferos<br />
dargebs uwodeben.<br />
§ 26. samecniero-teqnikuri progresi<br />
1. kacobrioba mWidrod iyo da aris dakavSirebuli samecniero-teqnikur progresTan. jer kidev<br />
100 wlis win qalaqis quCebSi cxenebSi Sebmuli etlebi dadioda, 50 weliwadSi ki cxenebSebmuli<br />
etlebi avtomobilebma Secvala. analogiuri progresi ganicada sarkinigzo transportma. adre<br />
vagonebis gadasatanad lokomotivi orTqlis energias iyenebda, sawvavs araefeqturad moixmarda<br />
da didi raodenobiT Wvartls gamoyofda. dRes Tanamedrove matareblebi 515 km siCqariT moZraoben<br />
da araviTar zians ar uqmnian garemomcvel bunebas.<br />
2. samecniero-teqnikuri progresi sawarmoo ZalTa safuZvliani da xarisxobrivi gardaqmnaa<br />
da mecnierTa miRwevebis uSualod sawarmoo praqtikaSi danergvas udevs safuZvlad. swored am<br />
Rirebulebaze dayrdnobiT `mersedesma~ miaRwia im progress, romelic man ganicada XX s-is dasawyisidan<br />
dRemde.<br />
3. aRmoCenaa: rentgenis sxivebi, romelic vilhelm rentgenma erT-erTi eqsperimentis dros<br />
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