geografia 8
geografia 8
geografia 8
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
X moswavlis wignSi mocemuli davalebebis pasuxebi<br />
§ 1. sivrce da teritoria<br />
1. adamianma geosivrcis is nawili aiTvisa, sadac misi cxovrebisa da saqmianobisaTvis xelsayreli<br />
bunebrivi pirobebia.<br />
2. gvalva, wyaldidoba da sxv.<br />
3. geosivrce samganzomilebiania da igi sam nawils – xmeleTs, wyalsa da sahaero sivrces moicavs;<br />
teritoria sivrcisgan gansxvavebiT organzomilebiania da igi xmeleTs da masze arsebul Sida<br />
wylebs moicavs.<br />
4. germaniis teritoria 1937-2000 wlebSi ramdenjerme Seicvala, rac upirvelesad politikuri<br />
movlenebiT (ori msoflio omi da germaniis gaerTianeba) iyo gamowveuli.<br />
§ 2. geografiuli mdebareoba<br />
1. politikuri ruka aris msoflios, kontinentebis an didi regionebis geografiuli ruka,<br />
romelzedac asaxulia teritoriul-politikuri dayofa. misi ZiriTadi elementebia saxelmwifoebisa<br />
da damoukidebeli teritoriebis sazRvrebi, dedaqalaqebi, didi qalaqebi da mimosvlis<br />
gzebi. zogjer politikur rukaze asaxulia federaciuli wyobis saxelmwifoebis SemadgenlobaSi<br />
Semavali avtonomiuri warmonaqmnebis sazRvrebi, teritoriul-politikuri da administraciulteritoriuli<br />
danayofebis dedaqalaqebi da centrebi. msoflios politikur rukaze yvela qveyanaa<br />
gamosaxuli.<br />
2. a) mag., germania centralur evropaSi mdebareobs. mas 9 saxmeleTo mezobeli hyavs. esenia:<br />
poloneTi, CexeTi, avstria, Sveicaria, safrangeTi, luqsemburgi, belgia da niderlandebi. gasasvleli<br />
aqvs CrdiloeTisa da baltiis zRvebze.<br />
didi britaneTisa da CrdiloeT irlandiis gaerTianebuli samefo kunZulovani qveyanaa<br />
da igi atlantis okeaneSi mdebare britaneTis kunZulebze mdebareobs. qveyanas erTi saxmeleTo<br />
mezobeli hyavs – irlandia. evropis kontinentisgan gamoyofilia la-manSis srutiT.<br />
safrangeTi dasavleT evropaSi mdebareobs. qveyanas 6 saxmeleTo mezobeli hyavs da farTo<br />
gasasvleli aqvs atlantis okeaneSi, maT Soris biskais yureSi da samxreTiT – xmelTaSua zRvaze.<br />
safrangeTis mezoblebia: espaneTi, italia, Sveicaria, luqsemburgi, germania, belgia.<br />
b) evropa: ruseTi, safrangeTi, espaneTi, luqsemburgi, lixtenSteini, vatikani;<br />
azia: ruseTi, CineTi, indoeTi, bangladeSi, nepali, Sri-lanka;<br />
CrdiloeTi amerika: aSS, kanada, meqsika;<br />
samxreTi amerika: brazilia, argentina, bolivia, safrangeTis gviana, ekvadori, surinami;<br />
afrika: egvipte, alJiri, libia, burundi, ruanda, togo.<br />
3. a) aralis zRvis piras navsadgurebi mdebareobda, romlebmac zRvis farTobis Semcirebis gamo<br />
TavianTi funqcia dakarga. Sesabamisad, mosaxleoba, romlebic TevzWeras misdevda an am portebSi<br />
iyo dasaqmebuli, iZulebuli gaxdeboda, saqmianobis sfero Seecvala.<br />
b) aralis zRvis garSemo buneba mniSvnelovnad Seicvleboda.<br />
4. londons Tavisi qveynis mimarT zRvispira mdebareoba aqvs: parizs, moskovs, berlins, praRas<br />
da Tbiliss ki – centraluri.<br />
5. zRvispira.<br />
6. avstralia mTlianad samxreT naxevarsferoSi mdebareobs. samxreT tropiki mas TiTqmis<br />
Suaze kveTs. igi yvela kontinentidan mniSvnelovani manZiliTaa daSorebuli. avstralia farTobiT<br />
yvelaze patara kontinentia, ris gamoc mas kunZul-kontinentsac uwodeben. igi dasaxlebul<br />
kontinentebs Soris yvelaze mSrali, dabali da naklebad dasaxlebulia. misi farTobia 7,63 mln.<br />
km 2 , kunZulebiT – 7,7 mln. km 2 ,<br />
7. a) iaponia, filipinebi, didi britaneTi, kuba, irlandia;<br />
57