geografia 8
geografia 8 geografia 8
atlantis okeaneSi siRrmeebis mixedviT temperaturaTa ganawileba ekvatorze, C. g. 30 0 -iani da s. g. 20 0 -iani paralelebis maxloblad temperatura, 0 C siRrmeebi, m C. g. 30 0 ekvatorTan s. g. 20 0 0 24, 4 26, 1 23, 9 100 21, 6 15, 9 21, 9 200 19, 9 12, 5 16, 7 400 16, 2 7, 9 12, 0 600 13, 6 5, 3 7, 9 800 10, 5 4, 4 5, 2 1000 8, 5 4, 1 4, 0 1500 5, 1 3, 9 3, 1 2000 3, 9 3, 3 2, 8 3000 3, 0 2, 7 2, 4 4000 2, 5 2, 2 1, 5 fskeri 2, 3 2, 1 1, 2 wylis moZraoba okeaneSi. dinebebi msoflio okeanis wyali mudmivad moZraobs – igi moZraobs rogorc zedapirze, aseve siRrmeSic. wylis nawilakebi asruleben rogorc rxeviT, aseve winsvliT moZraobas. Relva umetesad rxeviTi moZraobaa, dineba ki – winsvliTi. okeanis zedapirze Relvis warmomqmneli mizezebia: qari, miwisZvra da vulkanebis amofrqveva. Relvis dros warmoiqmneba talRebi, romelic xasiaTdeba simaRliT, siCqariTa da sigrZiT. qaris mier warmoqmnili talRis simaRle xSir SemTxvevaSi 4-6 metrs ar aRemateba. misi udidesi simaRle 30 metramde aRwevs. talRis simaRle gacilebiT naklebia Siga zRvebSi. talRis napirebTan miaxloebisas fskerze xaxunis gamo talRis moZraobis siCqare mcirdeba, simaRle ki izrdeba. Sedegad talRebis Txemi napirisaken yiravdeba da zvirTcema warmoiSoba. talRebs udidesi damangreveli Zala aqvs. zog adgilas talRebi angreven napirebs, zogan ki ngrevis produqts leqaven. ase iqmneba plaJi – damreci sanapiro, romelic umetesad dafarulia qviSiTa da xreSiT. wyalqveSa miwisZvrebisa da vulkanuri amofrqvevis Sedegad warmoiqmneba cunami. misi warmoqmnis adgilidan yvela mimarTulebiT cunamis gadaadgilebis siCqare 700-800 km/sT-is tolia. misi Camoyalibebis midamoebSi talRis simaRle 1-2 m-s aRwevs. napirebTan miaxloebisas talRa mniSvnelovan deformacias ganicdis– siCqare mcirdeba, simaRle ki swrafad izrdeba da zogjer 30 metrsac aRwevs. yvelaze xSirad cunams adgili aqvs iaponiis, Ciles, perus, aleutisa da havais kunZulebis sanapiroebTan. cunami iwvevs katastroful ngrevas, mas aTasobiT adamianis sicocxle ewireba. msoflio okeaneSi wylis doneTa periodul ryevas, romelic mTvarisa da mzis mizidulobis Sedegad warmoiSoba, mimoqceva ewodeba. moqcevis dros wlis done TandaTan matulobs udides niSnulamde. Semdeg ki iklebs. mimoqcevis sidide da xasiaTi damokidebulia ara marto mzis, mTvarisa da dedamiwis urTierTganlagebaze, aramed geografiul ganedze, wylis siRrmeze, sanapiros konfiguraciaze. Ria okeaneSi moqcevis talRis simaRle 1 m-s ar aRemateba. yureebSi Sesvlisas 106
moqcevis sidide yuris siganisa da siRrmis ukuproporciulad izrdeba. yvelaze didi moqcevis talRis siRrme aRricxulia fandis yureSi – 18 metri. 10 metrze meti sididis moqcevis talRa aRniSnulia patagoniis samxreTSi, alaskis yureSi, oxotis zRvis penJinis yureSi da a. S. moqcevis talRa zogierT mdinarezec SeiniSneba. mdinaris sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT maTi gavrcelebis siSore damokidebulia mdinaris daxrilobaze, mis siganeze, siRrmesa da dinebis siCqareze. wylis masebis moZraobas okeaneSi an zRvaSi uzarmazari nakadebis saxiT, romelTac aqvT garkveuli mimarTuleba, dineba ewodeba. igi gamowveulia dedamiwis zedapirze wneviTa da wylis simkvrivis araTanabari ganawilebiT, qarebis gavleniT da sxva mizezebiT. wylis temperaturis mixedviT, arCeven Tbil da civ dinebebs, xangrZlivobis mixedviT – mudmivsa da sezonurs, siRrmis mixedviT – zedapirulsa da siRrmis dinebebs. mudmivi dinebebi pasatebis (mudmivi qarebis) gavleniTaa gamowveuli, xolo sezonuri dineba sezonur qarebTanaa dakavSirebuli. garda zedapiruli dinebebisa, okeaneebsa da zRvebSi mudmivad warmoebs wylis vertikaluri gadaadgileba zemodan qvemoT da piriqiT. atlantis okeaneSi ekvatoris maxlobel ganedebSi subtropikuli maRali wnevis aredan ganuwyvetliv qris mudmivi pasatebi, rac Sesabamisad iwvevs wylis masebis mudmiv gadaadgilebas ekvatoris gaswvriv aRmosavleTidan dasavleTisaken. Crdilo da samxreT pasatebis gavleniT gvineis yuris sanapiroze Crdilo-pasaturi da samxreT-pasaturi dinebebi warmoiqmneba, romlebic samxreT amerikis aRmosavleT sanapirosaken miemarTebian. aqedan nawili gauyveba xmeleTs Crdilo-dasavleTisaken, aRwevs meqsikis yures, saidanac dasabams aZlevs e.w. ubis anu golfstrimis dinebas, romelic yvelaze mZlavri Tbili dinebaa. dedamiwis brunvisa da gabatonebuli qarebis gavleniT golfstrimis dineba Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT evropis sanapirosaken gadaixreba, rasac xels uwyobs agreTve labradoris naxevarkunZulis sanapiroze maRali ganedebidan momavali labradoris mZlavri civi dinebac. evropis sanapirosTan, sadac golfstrimis dineba Crdilo -atlantikuri dinebis saxeliT aris cnobili, igi 60 0 -ian ganedebSi itoteba. erTi toti islandiis napirebisaken miemarTeba, gauvlis grenlandiis samxreT-aRmosavleT sanapiros. meore ganStoeba Spicbergenis kunZulebisken miemarTeba, Sedis barencis zRvaSi kolis naxevarkunZulis sanapiros gavliT. am dinebis gavleniT barencis zRva kolis naxevarkunZulis gaswvriv gauyinvia. evropis napirebTan Crdilo-atlantikuri dinebis erTi toti la-manSis sruteSi Sedis, nawili biskais yureSi da brundeba samxreTiT kanaris kunZulebisaken kanaris civi dinebis saxiT. sabolood misi wylebi kvlav Crdilo-pasaturi dinebis wylebs erTvis. ase ikvreba atlantis okeanis CrdiloeT nawilSi dinebebis erTi wre, romelSic wylis nakadi aRmosavleTidan dasavleTisaken moZraobs. atlantis okeanis samxreT nawilSi samxreT pasaturi dineba Cauvlis braziliis sanapiroebs. mas braziliis Tbili dineba ewodeba. Semdeg wylebis moZraobas agrZelebs atlantikuri dineba da bengalis dinebis monawileobiT warmoiqmneba wylebis kidev erTi wriuli moZraoba, magram saaTis isris sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT. wynari okeanis dinebebi. centraluri amerikis dasavleTiT, wynar okeaneSi Crdilo da samxreTi pasaturi dineba warmoiSoba, romelsac pasatebs Soris ukudineba avsebs. Crdilo pasaturi dineba aRwevs filipinis kunZulamde da CrdiloeTiT iaponiis kunZulebis aRmosavleT sanapiros gaswvriv uxvevs. igi cnobilia kurosios Tbili dinebis saxelwodebiT. es dineba gadaixreba aRmosavleTiT da Crdilo-wynarokeanur dinebas warmoSobs. igi CrdiloeT amerikis dasavleT sanapiroebTan orad iyofa: erTi miemarTeba CrdiloeTiT. mas alaskis Tbili dineba hqvia. misi nawili beringis srutemde aRwevs; meore nawili samxreTiT brundeba, Camouvlis kaliforniis naxevarkunZuls da cnobilia kaliforniis civi dinebis saxelwodebiT. am dinebis totebi kvlav Crdilo pasatur dinebas uerTdeba. ase ikvreba dinebaTa sistema wynari okeanis Crdilo nawilSi. samxreT naxevarsferoSi samxreT-pasaturi dineba gauvlis avstraliis aRmosavleT sanapiros. is aRmosavleT avstraliis Tbili dinebis saxeliTaa cnobili. am dinebis wyali dasavleTuri qarebis dinebis civ wylebs ereva da amerikis dasavleT sanapirosTan perus civi dinebis saxelwodebiT gaivlis, romlis wylebi kvlav samxreTis pasaturi dinebis wylebs ereva da amiT wynari okeanis samxreT nawilSi dinebis meore wre ikvreba. 107
- Page 55 and 56: kavkasia saqarTvelo evropa azia evr
- Page 57 and 58: X moswavlis wignSi mocemuli davaleb
- Page 59 and 60: g) saqarTveloSi mSp-is maCvenebeli
- Page 61 and 62: klimatur sartylebSi. b) indostanis
- Page 63 and 64: 250-500 mm. yvelaze naklebi naleqi
- Page 65 and 66: dasavleT nawilSi, amitom afrikis ud
- Page 67 and 68: varkunZulia. 6. avstralia sam klima
- Page 69 and 70: 6. a) dadebiTia: safrangeTi, avstra
- Page 71 and 72: suburbanizaciis Sedegad qalaqis das
- Page 73 and 74: 2. kvebis, msubuqi, qimiuri mrewvel
- Page 75 and 76: 13. yvelaze met uaryofiT gavlenas g
- Page 77 and 78: 2. navTobi, qvanaxSiri, matyli, tya
- Page 79 and 80: g) erT sul mosaxleze modis: saqarTv
- Page 81 and 82: warmomadgenlebi mkacradaa daculi. 2
- Page 83 and 84: 2. a) samxreT kavkasiaSi b) kavkasi
- Page 85 and 86: 25. avstralia. 26. eris tba Crdiloe
- Page 87 and 88: dedaqalaqi aglomeraciebi orientireb
- Page 89 and 90: 3. satransporto kompleqsi gadaadgil
- Page 91 and 92: ახსნილი ცნებ
- Page 93 and 94: ინფორმაციის
- Page 95 and 96: ქულით. სტანდა
- Page 97 and 98: nimuSi #2 niSani 1-4 5-7 8-10 rukis
- Page 99 and 100: XI TviTSefaseba GganmaviTarebeli Se
- Page 101 and 102: 20. moswavleebTan erTad yovelTvis v
- Page 103 and 104: msoflio okeanis udidesi Rrmulebi Rr
- Page 105: temperatura isev klebulobs da 800 m
- Page 109 and 110: drografiuli kavSirisa da samTavroba
- Page 111 and 112: CrdiloeT yinulovani okeane zRva far
moqcevis sidide yuris siganisa da siRrmis ukuproporciulad izrdeba. yvelaze didi moqcevis<br />
talRis siRrme aRricxulia fandis yureSi – 18 metri. 10 metrze meti sididis moqcevis talRa<br />
aRniSnulia patagoniis samxreTSi, alaskis yureSi, oxotis zRvis penJinis yureSi da a. S. moqcevis<br />
talRa zogierT mdinarezec SeiniSneba. mdinaris sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT maTi gavrcelebis<br />
siSore damokidebulia mdinaris daxrilobaze, mis siganeze, siRrmesa da dinebis siCqareze.<br />
wylis masebis moZraobas okeaneSi an zRvaSi uzarmazari nakadebis saxiT, romelTac aqvT<br />
garkveuli mimarTuleba, dineba ewodeba. igi gamowveulia dedamiwis zedapirze wneviTa da wylis<br />
simkvrivis araTanabari ganawilebiT, qarebis gavleniT da sxva mizezebiT. wylis temperaturis<br />
mixedviT, arCeven Tbil da civ dinebebs, xangrZlivobis mixedviT – mudmivsa da sezonurs, siRrmis<br />
mixedviT – zedapirulsa da siRrmis dinebebs.<br />
mudmivi dinebebi pasatebis (mudmivi qarebis) gavleniTaa gamowveuli, xolo sezonuri dineba<br />
sezonur qarebTanaa dakavSirebuli. garda zedapiruli dinebebisa, okeaneebsa da zRvebSi mudmivad<br />
warmoebs wylis vertikaluri gadaadgileba zemodan qvemoT da piriqiT.<br />
atlantis okeaneSi ekvatoris maxlobel ganedebSi subtropikuli maRali wnevis aredan<br />
ganuwyvetliv qris mudmivi pasatebi, rac Sesabamisad iwvevs wylis masebis mudmiv gadaadgilebas<br />
ekvatoris gaswvriv aRmosavleTidan dasavleTisaken. Crdilo da samxreT pasatebis gavleniT<br />
gvineis yuris sanapiroze Crdilo-pasaturi da samxreT-pasaturi dinebebi warmoiqmneba, romlebic<br />
samxreT amerikis aRmosavleT sanapirosaken miemarTebian. aqedan nawili gauyveba xmeleTs<br />
Crdilo-dasavleTisaken, aRwevs meqsikis yures, saidanac dasabams aZlevs e.w. ubis anu golfstrimis<br />
dinebas, romelic yvelaze mZlavri Tbili dinebaa. dedamiwis brunvisa da gabatonebuli qarebis<br />
gavleniT golfstrimis dineba Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT evropis sanapirosaken gadaixreba, rasac<br />
xels uwyobs agreTve labradoris naxevarkunZulis sanapiroze maRali ganedebidan momavali<br />
labradoris mZlavri civi dinebac. evropis sanapirosTan, sadac golfstrimis dineba Crdilo<br />
-atlantikuri dinebis saxeliT aris cnobili, igi 60 0 -ian ganedebSi itoteba. erTi toti islandiis<br />
napirebisaken miemarTeba, gauvlis grenlandiis samxreT-aRmosavleT sanapiros. meore ganStoeba<br />
Spicbergenis kunZulebisken miemarTeba, Sedis barencis zRvaSi kolis naxevarkunZulis sanapiros<br />
gavliT. am dinebis gavleniT barencis zRva kolis naxevarkunZulis gaswvriv gauyinvia. evropis<br />
napirebTan Crdilo-atlantikuri dinebis erTi toti la-manSis sruteSi Sedis, nawili biskais<br />
yureSi da brundeba samxreTiT kanaris kunZulebisaken kanaris civi dinebis saxiT. sabolood misi<br />
wylebi kvlav Crdilo-pasaturi dinebis wylebs erTvis. ase ikvreba atlantis okeanis CrdiloeT<br />
nawilSi dinebebis erTi wre, romelSic wylis nakadi aRmosavleTidan dasavleTisaken moZraobs.<br />
atlantis okeanis samxreT nawilSi samxreT pasaturi dineba Cauvlis braziliis sanapiroebs.<br />
mas braziliis Tbili dineba ewodeba. Semdeg wylebis moZraobas agrZelebs atlantikuri dineba da<br />
bengalis dinebis monawileobiT warmoiqmneba wylebis kidev erTi wriuli moZraoba, magram saaTis<br />
isris sawinaaRmdego mimarTulebiT.<br />
wynari okeanis dinebebi. centraluri amerikis dasavleTiT, wynar okeaneSi Crdilo da<br />
samxreTi pasaturi dineba warmoiSoba, romelsac pasatebs Soris ukudineba avsebs. Crdilo pasaturi<br />
dineba aRwevs filipinis kunZulamde da CrdiloeTiT iaponiis kunZulebis aRmosavleT sanapiros<br />
gaswvriv uxvevs. igi cnobilia kurosios Tbili dinebis saxelwodebiT. es dineba gadaixreba<br />
aRmosavleTiT da Crdilo-wynarokeanur dinebas warmoSobs. igi CrdiloeT amerikis dasavleT<br />
sanapiroebTan orad iyofa: erTi miemarTeba CrdiloeTiT. mas alaskis Tbili dineba hqvia. misi<br />
nawili beringis srutemde aRwevs; meore nawili samxreTiT brundeba, Camouvlis kaliforniis<br />
naxevarkunZuls da cnobilia kaliforniis civi dinebis saxelwodebiT. am dinebis totebi kvlav<br />
Crdilo pasatur dinebas uerTdeba. ase ikvreba dinebaTa sistema wynari okeanis Crdilo nawilSi.<br />
samxreT naxevarsferoSi samxreT-pasaturi dineba gauvlis avstraliis aRmosavleT sanapiros.<br />
is aRmosavleT avstraliis Tbili dinebis saxeliTaa cnobili. am dinebis wyali dasavleTuri<br />
qarebis dinebis civ wylebs ereva da amerikis dasavleT sanapirosTan perus civi dinebis saxelwodebiT<br />
gaivlis, romlis wylebi kvlav samxreTis pasaturi dinebis wylebs ereva da amiT wynari<br />
okeanis samxreT nawilSi dinebis meore wre ikvreba.<br />
107
Change language