naTela maRlakeliZe, nana RonRaZe, Taia cxadaia, Tamar RonRaZe

naTela maRlakeliZe, nana RonRaZe, Taia cxadaia,
7
Tamar RonRaZe, darejan kvanWiani
qarTuli ena
da
literatura
moswavlis wigni

naTela maRlakeliZe, nana RonRaZe, Taia cxadaia,
Tamar RonRaZe, darejan kvanWiani
qarTuli ena
da
literatura
7
moswavlis wigni
gamomcemloba `meridiani~
Tbilisi 2012

qarTuli ena da literatura
VII klasi
moswavlis wigni
avtorebi:
redaqtori
naTela maRlakeliZe (jgufis xelmZRvaneli), nana RonRaZe,
Taia cxadaia, Tamar RonRaZe, darejan kvanWiani
nino Todua
dizaineri
daviT kutubiZe
ISBN
gamomcemloba `meridiani~,
Tbilisi, al. yazbegis gamz., #47. ( 2 30-96-14; 2 14-77-11
599 541 707 kaxaber rusiZe
E-mail: davideku1@mail.ru, info@meridianpub.com
© gamomcemloba `meridiani~, 2012
© n. maRlakeliZe, n. RonRaZe, T. cxadaia, T. RonRaZe, d. kvanWiani
N. Maglakelidze, N. Ghonghadze, T. Tskhadaia, T. Ghonghadze, D. Kvanchiani
„Georgian language and literature~, textbook grade 7, in Georgian
„Meridiani~ Publishing, Tbilisi _ 2012

sarCevi
fesvebi.........................................................................................................7
irakli abaSiZe _ xma katamonTan......................................................................... 8
iakob gogebaSvili _ burji erovnebisa (nawyveti)..................................... 11
mixeil javaxiSvili _ miwis yivili................................................................... 14
manana salaZe _ qarTveli emigrantis cremlnarevi interviu........... 46
galaktion tabiZe _ Sindisis Wadrebs.............................................................. 54
nodar dumbaZe _ HELLADOS................................................................................. 57
nodar dumbaZe _ samSoblo.................................................................................... 78
`vis hqvia patrioti~...............................................................................81
ilia WavWavaZe _ bazaleTis tba........................................................................... 83
akaki wereTeli _ ganTiadi..................................................................................... 88
akaki wereTeli _ suliko........................................................................................ 92
vaJa-fSavela _ damsetyve cao, damsetyve (simRera).................................. 97
murman lebaniZe _ odesme didi yofila saqarTvelo…................... 101
SoTa niSnianiZe _ cotne dadiani........................................................................ 107
sergo kldiaSvili _ erisTavi cotne............................................................... 111
iakob gogebaSvili _ Sinauri mimoxilva........................................................ 118
`isev golgoTa, sisxli da cremli...~...................................................121
kolau nadiraZe _ 25 Tebervali.......................................................................... 122
mixeil basilaZe _ daumarcxebeli aseuli (SemoklebiT)...................... 126
mirza gelovani _ nu mwer....................................................................................... 132
nugzar SataiZe _ mogzauroba afrikaSi.......................................................... 137
`mamebi da Svilebi~...................................................................................165
revaz inaniSvili _ Citebis gamomzamTrebeli............................................. 166
guram doCanaSvili _ mTis gadaRma.................................................................... 173
Cesterfildi _ werilebi vaJiSvils (Targmna b. miqelaZem)................. 182
gi de mopasani _ mindvrebSi (Targmna n. cagarelma)................................. 188
4

`aqeT ki marto saxeli gvrCeba~............................................................197
otia ioseliani _ epitafia.................................................................................... 199
sergo kldiaSvili _ ZvelTaZveli ambavi...................................................... 205
goderZi Coxeli _ wertili da mZime................................................................. 208
winaparTa Segonebani..............................................................................213
nodar dumbaZe _ Cemi rusTaveli (nawyveti).................................................. 214
SoTa rusTaveli _ Sairoba (nawyveti)............................................................... 218
daviT guramiSvili _ dinari (`patara qalo Tinaos~
sanacvlod samRerali)............................................................................................ 220
ilia WavWavaZe _ `Cveni exlandeli sibrZne-sicrue~............................... 222
sulxan-saba orbeliani _ sibrZne sicruisa (igavebi)
motirali da mocinari..................................................................................... 228
kaci da gveli......................................................................................................... 231
`puri mTxova da vaWmie...~........................................................................235
xalxuri _ leqsi vefxvisa da moymisa .............................................................. 236
xalxuri _ Semomeyara yivCaRi.............................................................................. 240
keisris magistrosi................................................................................................... 242
maTes saxareba (amonaridi)..................................................................................... 244
jek londoni _ mawanwala da feria................................................................... 247
revaz inaniSvili _ kedeli..................................................................................... 261
nodar dumbaZe _ korida.......................................................................................... 264
muxran maWavariani _ Sen _ sisxlo Cemo............................................................... 273
5

pirobiTi niSnebi:
wigniT muSaobisas yuradReba miaqcieT Semdeg pirobiT niSnebs:
sityvis salaro:
aq axsnilia is sityvebi da gamoTqmebi, romlebic teqstis kiTxvisas Tqven-
Tvis SeiZleba gaugebari aRmoCndes.
gavigoT:
gaviazroT:
SevafasoT:
am pirobiTi niSnebiT aRniSnulia sxvadasxva tipis kiTxvebi, romlebic dalagebulia
TanmimdevrobiT da dagexmarebaT wakiTxuli teqstis gaanalizebaSi.
enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
es rubrika miznad isaxavs teqstis enobriv-gamomsaxvelobiT mxa reze dakvirvebas.
mSobliuri enis samyaroSi
aq warmodgenilia qarTuli enis gramatikis ZiriTadi cnebebi, romelTa
codna dagexmarebaT marTlmetyvelebasa da marTl weraSi.
es sainteresoa:
am rubrikaSi gaecnobiT Seswavlil masalasTan
dakavSirebul damatebiT informacias.
Tvalsazrisi:
am rubrikiT gaecnobiT amonaridebs cnobili
kritikosebis naazrevidan.
davaleba
es pirobiTi niSani gulisxmobs enobrivi xasiaTis
savarjiSoebs.
es simbolo miganiSnebT, rom damoukideblad SeadginoT (SeTxzaT)
werilobiTi teqsti.
am simboloTi aRniSnulia `sadiskusio klubi~, romlis
mizania iswavloT sakuTari mosazrebebis gamoTqma da argumentireba.
6

1
SoTa rusTavelis freska
ierusalimis jvris monasterSi
fesvebi
7

1.
8
fesvebi
irakli abaSiZe (1909-1992) _ cnobili qarTveli poeti.
1960 w-s monawileobda palestinis samecniero eqspediciaSi,
romelmac miakvlia SoTa rusTavelis freskas. am
eqspediciam STaagona poeti, daewera rusTavelisadmi miZ-
Rvnili leqsebis cikli „palestina, palestina _ rusTavelis
nakvalevze~, romlis gamoc rusTavelis premia mieni-
Wa. swored am ciklidan gaxlavT amoRebuli misi es leqsi
_ `xma katamonTan~. kata moni adgilis saxelwodebaa palestinaSi,
jvris mo nastris maxloblad. gadmocemis mixedviT, aq gaatara sicocxlis
bolo wlebi SoTa rusTavelma da aqve aResrula. irakli abaSiZis poeturi
warmosaxviT, am leqsSi didi SoTa himns uZRvnis mSobliur enas.
irakli abaSiZe
o, enav Cemo,
dedao enav,
Sen, Cveno niWo,
srbolav da frenav,
Sen, Cveni sunTqvis dido alamo,
Sen, WirTa CvenTa tkbilo malamo,
Sen, kiro CvenTa qvaTa da kirTa,
Sen erTi SemrCi samaris pirTan.
naTesavs aTass,
megobars aTass,
mrudsa da marTals,
mterTa da ZmaTa
davSordi.
morCa,
yvela moTavda;
mSvidoba vuTxar yvela mokvdavTa,
mxolod Sen ukvdavs,
mxolod Sen marads,
Sen _ erTs,
Sen ver gTmob
samaris karad.
Tu ram mze mwamda,
Tu ram mze mwvavda,
utkbiles dReTa,
utkbiles wamTa,
utkbesi Sen xar, enav dedao,
Sen, mware lxino,
tkbilo sevdao,
Sen, yovlis mTqmelo,
yovlis armTqmelo,
Sen, gmirTa gmiro,
xma katamonTan
brZeno qarTvelo,
warsulis Zeglo, win gamxedavo.
qvesknelSi mZromo,
caSi mWvretelo,
xan _ funjo Cemo, xan _ saWreTelo,
Sen, akvnis himno,
cremlo samaris...
iberis enav,
enav Tamaris...
Sen, niWo Cemo,
srbolav da frenav,
dedao enav, dedao enav!
daeces iqneb simagre yvela,
moisras iqneb, yvela yma velad,
daedos mtveri yvela did xsovnas,
daakvdes azri napovnis povnas,
yovel nergs, iqneb, daatydes mexi,
yovel Zegls, iqneb, daedgas fexi,
mxolod Sen, uWknobs,
Sen, xatad qceuls,
ra dro, ra dascems
Sens ukvdav sxeuls
o, enav Cemo,
dedao enav,
Sen, Cemo niWo,
srbolav da frenav,
Sen, Cveni sunTqvis dido alamo,
Sen, WirTa CvenTa tkbilo malamo,
Sen, kiro CvenTa qvaTa da kirTa,
Sen erTs, Sen ver gTmob
samaris pirTan.

sityvis salaro:
kiri _ kirqvis gamowviT miRebuli TeTri nivTiereba, romelsac farTod
iyeneben mSeneblobaSi nagebobis simtkicisTvis.
mrude _ gaRunuli, gaxrili, araswori; aq: mtyuani, araswori.
mokvdavi _ cocxali arseba; is, visac, rasac sikvdili ar ascdeba.
saWreTeli _ xis amosaWreli sadurglo iaraRi.
himni _ aq: sadidebeli, sagalobeli.
iberi _ iberiis (Zveli aRmosavleT saqarTvelos) ZiriTadi mosaxleoba.
srbola _ sirbili, rbena; aq: aRmafrena.
moisras _ amowydes, daixocos.
gavigoT:
• visi gancdebia leqsSi gadmocemuli _ vin aris lirikuli gmiri
• ras uZRvnis poeti am leqss
• raze wuxs igi
• bolomde ra SerCa `samaris pirTan~ mdgar poets ras ver Tmobs igi
• `Sen, akvnis himno, cremlo samaris~, _ vkiTxulobT leqsSi. Tqveni azriT,
ra igulisxmeba `akvnis himnSi~ `samaris cremlSi~
gaviazroT:
• leqsSi gamoxatulia samSoblos mocilebuli poetis gancdebi. gansakuTrebiT
ra awuxebs mas sad, romel striqonebSi, Cans es wuxili
yvelaze metad
• ra anugeSebs poets
• `Sen, kiro Cveno qvaTa da kirTa~, _ am striqonSi rasTan aris Sedarebuli
mSobliuri ena rogor fiqrobT, ratom iyenebs aq am mxatvrul
xerxs poeti risi Cveneba surs mas
• moZebneT leqsSi sxva mxatvruli xerxebic, romlebiTac mSobliur
enas amkobs poeti.
italieli arqeologis, virjilio korbos, mier iudas udabnoSi (palestina) 1952
wels aRmoCenili qarTuli monastris warwerebi miCneulia uZvelesad dRemde
cnobil qarTul warweraTa Soris (giorgi wereTeli).
9

1.
fesvebi
SevafasoT:
• ra damokidebuleba aqvs poets mSobliuri enis mimarT
• poetis ra ganwyoba Cans leqsSi
• ra ganwyobiT unda wavikiTxoT igi leqsis kiTxvisas romel striqonebs
gamoyofdiT maxviliT ratom
enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
• leqsis mixedviT, mSobliuri ena maradiuli Rirebulebaa. moZebneT
da waikiTxeT saTanado striqonebi.
• romel enas miiCnevs lirikuli gmiri Tavis dedaenad
• rogor fiqrobT, romel enas uwodeben dedaenas
• ra hqvia dedaenas rusulad inglisurad germanulad frangulad
gaixseneT, ra Sesatyvisebi aqvT am enebs dedaenis gamosaxatavad.
mSobliuri enis samyaroSi
daimaxsovreT:
dedaena aris is ena, romliTac bavSvi iwyebs metyvelebas, romelic
mas esmis mSoblebisagan da axloblebisagan.
• romeli enaa Tqveni dedaena ratom migaCniaT es ena dedaenad
• dedaenis garda, kidev romel enebs swavlobT
• `deda ena~ qarTuli anbanis saxelmZRvanelosac uwodes. vin aris am
wignis avtori rogor fiqrobT, ratom SearCia man am wignisaTvis
es saxelwodeba ra iciT mis Sesaxeb
`dedaena... rodi hgavs tanisamossa, romlis gamocvla advilad da
uvneblad SeiZleba. mas aqvs Rrmad gamdgari fesvebi adamianis tvinSi,
nervebSi, xmis organoebSi, Zvalsa da rbilSi, mTels mis bunebaSi.~
(i. gogebaSvili)
gaixseneT:
• ra gsmeniaT da wagikiTxavT iakob gogebaSvilis Sesaxeb imsjeleT,
ra Rvawli miuZRvis mas qarTuli enis ganmtkicebisa da ganviTarebis
saqmeSi.
10

iakob gogebaSvili (1840_1912) _ cnobili qarTveli
pedagogi da sazogado moRvawe, publicisti da sabavSvo
mwerali. yoveli qarTvelis cnobierebaSi misi saxeli ukavSirdeba
Cvens pirvel saxelmZRvaneloebs, usayvarles
wignebs _ `dedaenasa~ da `bunebis kars~ .
gTavazobT nawyvets misi publicisturi statiidan,
romelSic dedaenis _ mSobliuri enis mniSvnelobazea
saubari.
iakob gogebaSvili
`burji erovnebisa~
(nawyveti)
Tu msoflio istorias gadavaTvalierebT, iqac vipoviT damtkicebas
im azrisas, rom zurgis Seqceva deda-enisa didad vnebs xalxs, aqveiTebs
da ukan swevs... eris gadagvareba da gaqroba marto mis kerZo ubedurebas
rodi Seadgens: igi namdvili danaklisia TviT kacobriobisaTvis, romelsac
amiT akldeba Tavisi nawili anu wevri; uSreba erTi Tavisi im wyaroTagani,
romelnic avseben SeerTebulad kulturis msoflio zRvasa. erTma warCinebulma
mwe ralma kacobrioba daadara mgalobelTa did gunds, xorosa, romlis
harmonia mxolod maSin aris savse da sruli, rodesac yvela xalxi, Tavisi
Sesabamisi xmiT, iRebs monawileobas msoflio RaRadisSi. Sewyda romelime
eris xma gaRaribda kacobriobis xoros harmonia, Sesustda msoflio RaRadisi,
da naklulda zRva Taviseburebisa, moaklda erTi Taviseburi lali
kacobriobis kulturis didebul salarosa.
sityvis salaro:
publicisti _ mwerali, romelic publicistur werilebs wers; publicistika
_ sazogadoebriv-politikuri xasiaTis literatura Tanamedroveobis
mniSvnelovan, saWirboroto sakiTxebze.
statia _ krebulSi, JurnalSi an gazeTSi moTavsebuli mcire moculobis
publicisturi an mecnieruli werili, naSromi.
kerZo _ calkeuli piris kuTvnili, piradi.
xoro _ igivea, rac qoro (berZn.) _ mgalobelTa gundi.
harmonia _ risame mwyobri SeTanxmeba, Sexameba.
RaRadisi _ igivea, rac RaRadi, xmamaRla Tqmuli mowodeba. xalxisadmi mimar-
Tuli xmamaRali xvewna, mudara. msoflio RaRadisi _ aq: mTeli msoflios,
kacobriobis, kulturuli monapovari, miRweva, winsvla, ganviTareba.
lali _ wiTeli feris Zvirfasi qva.
gavigoT:
• ras mowmobs msoflios istoria
• statiis avtoris azriT, ra ziani moaqvs mSobliuri enisaTvis zurgis
Seqcevas
• eris gadagvareba rogor ubedurebad miaCnia mwerals
• ratom miaCnia eris gadagvareba mas kacobriobis danaklisad
• statiis mixedviT, ra kvebavs `kulturis msoflio zRvas~
11

1.
fesvebi
gaviazroT:
• ras aris Sedarebuli kacobrioba TiToeuli eri
• rogor monawileobs TiToeuli xalxi `mgalobelTa gundSi~
• ras uwodebs mwerali `kacobriobis xoros harmonias~
• ra wvlili Seaqvs masSi TiToeul ersa da enas
• rodis Raribdeba `kacobriobis xoros harmonia~
SevafasoT:
• statias, romlidanac gaxlavT es nawyveti amoRebuli, `burji
erovnebisa~ ewodeba. am nawyvetis mixedviT, Tu SegiZliaT gansazRvroT,
ra miaCnia mwerals erovnebis burjad
enobriv masalaze dakvirveba:
`moaklda erTi Taviseburi lali kacobriobis kulturis didebul
salarosa~, _ ras gulisxmobs mwerali xazgasmul sityvaSi ra mxatvrul
xerxs iyenebs igi
yuradRebiT waikiTxeT teqsti da gaarkvieT, kidev romel mxatvrul
xerxebs iyenebs mwerali.
mSobliuri enis samyaroSi
gaixseneT:
• risTvis iyneben adamianebi enas risi saSualebiT gamoxataven isini
TavianT azrebs rogor amyareben erTmaneTTan urTierTobas
• msoflios romel enebs gaixsenebT maTgan romeli enebia Cvens
qveyanaSi _ saqarTveloSi _ gavrcelebuli
• romeli ena aerTianebs Cveni qveynis yvela mcxovrebs romelia
Cveni qveynis saxelmwifo ena
daimaxsovreT:
qarTuli ena Cveni qveynis _ saqarTvelos _ saxelmwifo enaa.
• Tu iciT, romel saukuneSi Seiqmna pirveli literaturuli Zeg li,
romelmac Cvenamde moaRwia
daimaxsovreT:
Cvenamde moRweuli uZvelesi literaturuli Zegli `SuSanikis wame
ba~ V saukuneSia dawerili. qarTuli ena uZvelesi samwerlobo, salite
raturo enaa. qarTuli saqarTvelos mosaxleobis udidesi nawilisaTvis
dedaenac aris.
12