2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
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sicocxlis ufleba<br />
3. saxelmwifos mier pozitiuri valdebulebis savaraudo<br />
Seusrulebloba _ kanoniT daecva sicocxlis ufleba<br />
56. konvenciis me-2 muxli, romelic icavs sicocxlis uflebas da adgens<br />
garemoebebs, romlis drosac misi Selaxva SeiZleba gamarTlebulad<br />
CaiTvalos, konvenciis erT-erTi yvelaze fundamenturi normaa, romlisgan<br />
gadaxveva yovlad dauSvebelia (ix. velikova bulgareTis winaaRmdeg, no.<br />
41488/98, § 68, ECHR 2000-VI). me-3 muxlTan erTad is warmoadgens demokratiuli<br />
sazogadoebebis erT-erT uZiriTades Rirebulebas. garemoebebi, romelTa<br />
drosac sicocxlis uflebis Selaxva SeiZleba gamarTlebulad CaiTvalos,<br />
unda ganimartos Zalian SezRudulad (ix. salmani TurqeTis winaaRmdeg<br />
[GC], no. 21986/93, § 97, ECHR 2000-VII). konvenciis amocana da mizania individTa<br />
dacva, amitomac is iTxovs, me-2 muxli gamoyenebul da ganmartebul iqnes<br />
imgvarad, rom mis mier dadgenili dacvis garantiebi iyos efeqturi da<br />
praqtikuli (ix. makqeni da sxvebi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 1995<br />
wlis 27 seqtembris gadawyvetileba, seriebi A no. 324, gv. 45-46, §§ 146-47).<br />
57. me-2 § 1 muxlis pirveli winadadeba saxelmwifos avaldebulebs, ara<br />
marto Tavi Seikavos sicocxlis ganzraxi da ukanono xelyofisagan, aramed<br />
daadginos dacvis iseTi Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi garantiebi, romlebic<br />
misi iurisdiqciis farglebSi daicaven adamianTa sicocxles (ix. keliji<br />
TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, no. 22492/93, § 62, ECHR 2000-III). aRniSnuli moicavs<br />
saxelmwifos upirveles valdebulebas, daicvas sicocxlis ufleba<br />
saTanado administraciuli da samarTlebrivi bazis amoqmedebiT, raTa<br />
aRkveTos pirovnebis winaaRmdeg Cadenili danaSaulis faqtebi. aRniSnuli<br />
sakanonmdeblo baza aRsruldeba samarTaldamcavi organoebis mier<br />
warmodgenili meqanizmiT danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis, gamoaSkaravebisa<br />
da msgavsi darRvevis gamo dasjis uzrunvelsayofad.<br />
58. rogorc me-2 muxlis teqsti aCvenebs, sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyeneba<br />
policielTa mier SeiZleba gamarTldes mxolod garkveul garemoebebSi.<br />
miuxedavad amisa, me-2 muxli ar iZleva carte blanche SesaZleblobas.<br />
saxelmwifos warmomadgenelTa mier Cadenili dauregulirebeli da<br />
TviTneburi qmedebebi SeuTavsebelia adamianis uflebaTa efeqtur<br />
dacvasTan. aRniSnuli gulisxmobs, rom policiis operaciebi da piris<br />
qmedebebi, romelsac, kanonis mixedviT, aqvs iaraRis gamoyenebis ufleba,<br />
kanoniT sakmarisad unda iyos daregulirebuli ise, rom arsebobdes Zalis<br />
TviTneburi gamoyenebisagan adekvaturi da efeqturi dacva (ix, mutatis<br />
mutandis, hilda halfStainsdotiri islandiis winaaRmdeg, 2004 wlis 8<br />
ivnisis gadawyvetileba; aseve, ix. adamianis uflebaTa komiteti, ZiriTadi<br />
komentari, n.6, muxli 6, me-16 sesia (1982) § 3).<br />
59. zemoTqmulis da demokratiul sazogadoebaSi me-2 muxliT daculi<br />
uflebis mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlom aRniSnuli sakiTxi<br />
unda dauqvemdebaros Zalian detalur ganxilvas da mxedvelobaSi<br />
miiRos ara marto saxelmwifos warmomadgenelTa qmedeba, romlebmac<br />
moaxdines iaraRis gamoyenebis administrireba, aramed saqmesTan<br />
dakavSirebuli yvela garemoeba, maT Soris, dakavebis operaciis<br />
dagegmvisa da kontrolirebis sakiTxebi (ix. zemoT citirebuli makqani da<br />
sxvebi, gv. 46, § 150). amasTan dakavSirebiT, unda aRiniSnos, rom policiis<br />
TanamSromlebi TavianTi movaleobis Sesrulebisas ar unda moqmedebdnen<br />
saregulacio vakuumis pirobebSi operaciis dagegmvis, ganxorcielebis<br />
an spontanurad wamowyebuli operaciis dros warmoqmnili saSiSroebis<br />
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