2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
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2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...

2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ... 2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...

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sicocxlis ufleba 39. yoveli SemTxvevisTvis, mTavrobam aRniSna, rom saSiS viTarebaSi policias unda mieces mniSvnelovani diskrecia iaraRis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. winamdebare saqmeSi, ganmcxadebelma gaagrZela manqaniT svla wiTel Suqze aTenis centralur nawilSi, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saelCosTan siaxloves, sadac usafrTxoebis RonisZiebebi yovelTvis gansakuTrebiT gaZlierebulia, vinaidan saelCo miiCneoda teroristuli Tavdasxmis SesaZlo obieqtad. policiis moTxovnisamebr manqanis gaCerebis nacvlad, ganmcxadebelma moumata siCqares da ganagrZo metad saxifaTo svla, riTac aSkara safrTxe Seuqmna mravali udanaSaulo piris sicocxles. Sesabamisad, am pirobebSi policias hqonda sakmarisi safuZveli, evarauda, rom gaqceuli iyo damnaSave an, Tundac, teroristi. aseve, cecxlis gaxsnamde policiis TanamSromlebma scades misi dakaveba alternatiuli meTodebis meSveobiT, rogoricaa, moZraobis xelovnuri Seferxeba, gzis blokireba da sxva. iaraRi iyo maT xelT arsebuli ukanaskneli saSualeba, romelic gamoiyenes mxolod maSin, rodesac mixvdnen, rom sxva meTodebma ar gaamarTla. amave dros, maT scades zianis maqsimaluri Semcireba da ganmcxadeblis sicocxlis SenarCuneba. es naTelia imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom maT gamoscades sxva saSualebebi da, aseve, moaxdines gamafrTxilebeli gasrola haerSi. operaciis ganxorcielebisas ar SeimCneoda raime gadameteba an gadacdoma. dapatimrebis Semdeg ganmcxadebels ar miuRia raime dazianeba policielTa mxridan, aramed igi dauyovnebliv gadaiyvanes saavadmyofoSi. 40. mTavroba Semdgomac ar daeTanxma ganmcxadeblis mosazrebas da aRniSna, rom adgili ar hqonia Seusabamobas saqmis gamoZiebis procesSi, romelic, Tavis mxriv, iyo drouli da sruli. maT aRniSnes, rom SemTxvevidan meore dResve daiwyo administraciuli gamoZieba. saerTo jamSi, 35 TviTmxilvelis Cveneba moipoves. ufro metic, Catarda policiis 33 avtomatis, 3 tyviis da rkinis 4 fragmentis sruli laboratoriuli gamokvleva. aseve, damatebiT daaTvalieres ganmcxadeblis manqana. sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZieba Catarda da 7 policiels waredgina brali sxeulis dazianebisa da iaraRis gadametebiT gamoyenebis gamo. ramdenime mowmes da Tavad ganmcxadebels mousmines sasamarTlo sxdomaze. 41. mTavrobam daaskvna, rom xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebma gamoavlines TavianTi morCileba kanonis uzenaesobisadmi da gadadges gonivruli nabijebi movlenaTa sruli suraTisa da operaciaSi monawileTa vinaobis dasadgenad. sxva danarCenis ganxorcieleba ki, ubralod, SeuZlebeli iyo. Sesabamisad, winamdebare saqmeSi raime darRvevas adgili ar hqonia. 3. mesame mxaris Careva 42. Institut de Formation en Droits de l’Homme du Barreau de Paris, adamianis uflebaTa institutma (SemdgomSi `instituti~), romelic daarsda 1979 wels, warmoadgina werilobiTi komentarebi me-2 muxlis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT da, am muxlidan gamomdinare, saxelmwifoTa valdebulebebze, rasac mohyva sasamarTlos prezidentis mxridan institutisaTvis mesame mxared CarTvis uflebis miniWeba (ix. zemoT punqti 8). 43. rac Seexeba me-2 muxls, institutma miiCnia, rom am normis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac policiam faqtobrivad sasikvdilo Zalas mimarTa, maSinac ki, Tu am Zalam ar gamoiwvia im adamianis sikvdili, 60

makaraZisi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg romelic policiis samizne aRmoCnda. aucilebeli ar aris gamousworebeli Sedegis dadgoma imisaTvis, rom ganxilul iqnes garemoebebi, romlebSic gamoiyenes sasikvdilo Zala. sasamarTlom Tavad aRiara, rom garkveul garemoebebSi, darRvevis mxolod `potenciur~ an `virtualur~ msxverpls hqonda ufleba, mieRo konvenciiT dadgenili zomebi (ix. sioringi gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 1989 wlis 7 ivlisis gadawyvetileba, seria A no. 161). am SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlom xazi gausva `seriozuli da gamousworebeli savaraudo darRvevis dadgomis risks.~ es mosazreba SeiZleba gadmotanili iyos me-2 muxlis virtualur darRvevasTan mimarTebiT, vinaidan policielTa mier sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyenebas garkveul garemoebebSi SeeZlo, sicocxlis ufleba seriozuli riskis qveS daeyenebina. 44. sasamarTlom aRiara, rom man ukve gaavrcela me-2 muxlis gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba iseT saqmeebze, sadac ganmcxadeblebi ar iyvnen moklulni, Tumca, msgavsi midgoma SesaZleblad miiCnia mxolod maqsimalurad SezRudul gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi (ix. berktai TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, no. 22493/93, 2001 wlis pirveli marti). rodesac saxelmwifo warmomadgenlebis mier Zalis borotad gamoyeneba ar iwvevs sikvdils da, amave dros, ar xvdeba me-3 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi, ar unda CaiTvalos, rom es SemTxveva konvenciasTan SemxeblobaSi ar modis. me-2 muxlis gavrcelebas iseT SemTxvevebze, sadac sikvdili ar dadga, magram gamoyenebuli iyo sasikvdilo Zala, am naklovanebis Sevseba SeuZlia. 45. rac Seexeba saxelmwifos valdebulebas konvenciis me-2 muxlidan gamomdinare, instituti xazs usvams, rom saxelmwifos, `negatiuri valdebulebis~ garda, ar Caidinos sicocxlis uflebis ganzraxi xelyofa, ekisreba agreTve am uflebasTan dakavSirebuli `pozitiuri valdebulebebi~. kerZod, saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebi valdebulni iyvnen, daedginaT konkretuli procedurebi samarTaldamcavi organoebisaTvis iaraRis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. am ukanasknelT aseve unda gaevloT Sesabamisi momzadeba da miscemodaT instruqtaJi. garda amisa, instituti aseve did mniSvnelobas aniWebs proporciulobis wess sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyenebisas. bolos, institutma xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom adgilobrivi organoebi valdebulni iyvnen, CaetarebinaT oficialuri, efeqturi, swrafi da damoukidebeli gamoZieba im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac xdeboda pirTa mkvleloba iaraRis gamoyenebis Sedegad. es midgoma unda gavrcelebuliyo im SemTxvevebzec, rodesac sasikvdilo Sedegi ar dadga. es iyo aucilebeli piroba nebismieri sistemis dasangrevad, romelic uSvebda iseTi fundamenturi uflebis damrRvev pirTa dausjelobas, rogoricaa sicocxlis ufleba. sasamarTlos Sefaseba 1. faqtebis dadgena 46. sasamarTlo valdebulia, daadginos, aqvs Tu ara adgili, saqmis konkretuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare, sicocxlis uflebis darRvevas da saxelmwifos mier konvenciis me-2 muxliT dadgenili proceduruli valdebulebebis Seusruleblobas adekvaturi da efeqturi gamoZiebis CautareblobiT. 61

makaraZisi saberZneTis winaaRmdeg<br />

romelic policiis samizne aRmoCnda. aucilebeli ar aris gamousworebeli<br />

Sedegis dadgoma imisaTvis, rom ganxilul iqnes garemoebebi, romlebSic<br />

gamoiyenes sasikvdilo Zala. sasamarTlom Tavad aRiara, rom garkveul<br />

garemoebebSi, darRvevis mxolod `potenciur~ an `virtualur~ msxverpls<br />

hqonda ufleba, mieRo konvenciiT dadgenili zomebi (ix. sioringi<br />

gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg, 1989 wlis 7 ivlisis gadawyvetileba,<br />

seria A no. 161). am SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlom xazi gausva `seriozuli da<br />

gamousworebeli savaraudo darRvevis dadgomis risks.~ es mosazreba<br />

SeiZleba gadmotanili iyos me-2 muxlis virtualur darRvevasTan<br />

mimarTebiT, vinaidan policielTa mier sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyenebas<br />

garkveul garemoebebSi SeeZlo, sicocxlis ufleba seriozuli riskis qveS<br />

daeyenebina.<br />

44. sasamarTlom aRiara, rom man ukve gaavrcela me-2 muxlis gamoyenebis<br />

SesaZlebloba iseT saqmeebze, sadac ganmcxadeblebi ar iyvnen moklulni,<br />

Tumca, msgavsi midgoma SesaZleblad miiCnia mxolod maqsimalurad<br />

SezRudul gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi (ix. berktai TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, no.<br />

22493/93, 2001 wlis pirveli marti). rodesac saxelmwifo warmomadgenlebis<br />

mier Zalis borotad gamoyeneba ar iwvevs sikvdils da, amave dros, ar<br />

xvdeba me-3 muxlis moqmedebis sferoSi, ar unda CaiTvalos, rom es<br />

SemTxveva konvenciasTan SemxeblobaSi ar modis. me-2 muxlis gavrcelebas<br />

iseT SemTxvevebze, sadac sikvdili ar dadga, magram gamoyenebuli iyo<br />

sasikvdilo Zala, am naklovanebis Sevseba SeuZlia.<br />

45. rac Seexeba saxelmwifos valdebulebas konvenciis me-2 muxlidan<br />

gamomdinare, instituti xazs usvams, rom saxelmwifos, `negatiuri<br />

valdebulebis~ garda, ar Caidinos sicocxlis uflebis ganzraxi<br />

xelyofa, ekisreba agreTve am uflebasTan dakavSirebuli `pozitiuri<br />

valdebulebebi~. kerZod, saxelmwifos warmomadgenlebi valdebulni iyvnen,<br />

daedginaT konkretuli procedurebi samarTaldamcavi organoebisaTvis<br />

iaraRis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. am ukanasknelT aseve unda gaevloT<br />

Sesabamisi momzadeba da miscemodaT instruqtaJi. garda amisa, instituti<br />

aseve did mniSvnelobas aniWebs proporciulobis wess sasikvdilo Zalis<br />

gamoyenebisas. bolos, institutma xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom adgilobrivi<br />

organoebi valdebulni iyvnen, CaetarebinaT oficialuri, efeqturi,<br />

swrafi da damoukidebeli gamoZieba im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac xdeboda<br />

pirTa mkvleloba iaraRis gamoyenebis Sedegad. es midgoma unda<br />

gavrcelebuliyo im SemTxvevebzec, rodesac sasikvdilo Sedegi ar dadga.<br />

es iyo aucilebeli piroba nebismieri sistemis dasangrevad, romelic<br />

uSvebda iseTi fundamenturi uflebis damrRvev pirTa dausjelobas,<br />

rogoricaa sicocxlis ufleba.<br />

sasamarTlos Sefaseba<br />

1. faqtebis dadgena<br />

46. sasamarTlo valdebulia, daadginos, aqvs Tu ara adgili, saqmis<br />

konkretuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare, sicocxlis uflebis darRvevas<br />

da saxelmwifos mier konvenciis me-2 muxliT dadgenili proceduruli<br />

valdebulebebis Seusruleblobas adekvaturi da efeqturi gamoZiebis<br />

CautareblobiT.<br />

61

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