2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
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2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...

2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ... 2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...

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sicocxlis ufleba saTanado procedurebi sazogadoebis ndobis SenarCunebisa da kanonieri moTxovnebis dasakmayofileblad, romlebic SesaZloa sasikvdilo Zalis gamoyenebisas warmoiSvas. aseTi procedurebis ararseboba mxolod gaaRvivebs boroti motivaciebis SiSs, rogorc es, inter alia, ganmcxadeblis mier sasikvdilo gasrolis savaraudo politikasTan dakavSirebulma gancxadebebma uCvena. 161. sasamarTlo adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-2 muxliT dadgenili proceduruli valdebulebis Seusruleblobas da, am TvalsazrisiT, aRniSnuli debulebis darRvevas. II. konvenciis me-14 muxlis savaraudo darRveva 162. ganmcxadebeli daeyrdno konvenciis me-14 muxls, romelic adgens: `am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT sargebloba uzrunvelyofilia yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe, ganurCevlad sqesis, rasis, kanis feris, enis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, erovnuli umciresobebisadmi kuTvnilebis, qonebrivi mdgomareobis, dabadebisa Tu sxva niSnisa.~ 163. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom mamamisis mkvlelobis garemoebebi diskriminaciis niSnebs avlenda. igi acxadebda, rom 1969 wlidan 1994 wlis martamde uSiSroebis Zalebis mier 357 adamiani iqna mokluli, romelTa umravlesoba kaTolike axalgazrdebi an nacionalisturi sazogadoebis wevrebi iyvnen. Tu amas SevadarebT protestantuli sazogadoebidan daRupulTa raodenobas da gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom sixlissamarTlebrivi devna SedarebiT mcire odenobis SemTxvevebze ganxorcielda (ocdaTerTmeti) da mxolod ramdenime maTgani damTavrda msjavriT (am gancxadebis droisaTvis, oTxi SemTxveva), naTeli xdeba, rom adgili hqonda erovnuli warmoSobis an erovnul umciresobebisadmi kuTvnilebis niSniT sasikvdilo Zalis diskriminaciul gamoyenebas da samarTlebrivi dacvis deficits sazogadoebis segmentis mimarT. 164. mTavrobam sapasuxod ganacxada, rom CrdiloeT irlandiaSi sicocxlis xelyofis msgavsi faqtebis mtkicebuleba ar arsebobs da raime diferencirebuli mopyrobis SemTxvevebi ar gamomJRavnebula. statistika (romlis sizuste gaziarebuli ar iqna) sakmarisi ar aRmoCnda, gaziarebuliyo gancxadebebi kaTolikeebis Tu nacionalistebis mimarT diskriminaciis Sesaxeb. 165. rodesac zogadi politika an RonisZieba araproporciul damRupvel zemoqmedebas axdens konkretul jgufze, gamoricxuli ar aris, igi diskriminaciulad CaiTvalos miuxedavad imisa, rom igi am konkretuli jgufisTvis gamiznuli an misdami mimarTuli ar yofila. Tumca, Tundac statistika uCvenebdes, rom uSiSroebis Zalebis mier mokluli adamianebi kaTolikeebi an nacionalisturi sazogadoebis wevrebi iyvnen, sasamarTlo ar miiCnevs, rom mxolod statistika avlens praqtikas, romelsac SeiZleba diskriminaciulis klasifikacia mieniWos me-14 muxlis mniSvnelobiT. sasamarTlos xelT ara aqvs raime mtkicebuleba, rac mas saSualebas miscems, daaskvnas, rom mocemuli mkvlelobebi, msjavriT damTavrebuli 54

makkeri gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg oTxi saqmis garda, gamowveuli iyo uSiSroebis Zalebis mier Zalis ukanono an gadaWarbebuli gamoyenebiT. 166. sasamarTlo adgens, rom adgili ar hqonia konvenciis me-14 muxlis darRvevas. III. konvenciis me-13 muxlis savaraudo darRveva 167. ganmcxadebeli Cioda, rom ar arsebobda samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba misi saCivrebis TvalsazrisiT da igi eyrdnoboda konvenciis me-13 muxls, romelic adgens: `yvelas, visac daerRva am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, unda hqondes samarTlebrivi dacvis efeqtiani saSualeba erovnuli xelisuflebisagan, miuxedavad imisa, es darRveva Cadenili iqna Tu ara im pirebis mier, romlebic moqmedeben oficialuri uflebamosilebiT.~ 168. ganmcxadebeli miuTiTebda mis mier warmodgenil gancxadebebze konvenciis me-2 muxlis procedurul aspeqtebTan dakavSirebiT, amtkicebda ra, rom me-13 muxli, Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi kompensaciis gadaxdasTan erTad, efeqtian gamoZiebas moiTxovda, romelic uzrunvelyofda pasuxismgebelTa gamovlenas da dasjas, agreTve, sagamoZiebo proceduraze momCivnis efeqtian xelmisawvdomobas. 169. mTavrobam ganacxada, rom me-13 muxlis safuZvelze aRZruli saCivrebi arasaTanadod gaazrebuli, an arasakmarisad dasabuTebulia. isini acxadebdnen, rom xelmisawvdom proceduraTa erToblioba, romelic moicavda samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebas da mokvlevis process, efeqtian saSualebebs uzrunvelyofda. 170. sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTali uCvenebs, rom konvenciis me-13 muxli uzrunvelyofs dacvis saSualebas erovnul doneze, raTa kanonieri Zala mieces konvenciis uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis arss. misi ganxorcielebis formis miuxedavad, igi uzrunvelyofili unda iyos Sidasaxelmwifo samarTlebriv sistemaSi. amrigad, me-13 muxlis moqmedeba niSnavs, rom moiTxoveba Sidasaxelmwifo dacvis saSualebis uzrunvelyofa, raTa ganxiluli iqnes `sadavo saCivris~ arsi konvenciis safuZvelze da gaweul iqnes saTanado daxmareba. Tumca, xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebs aqvT garkveuli diskreciuli ufleba im formebTan mimarTebiT, romlebsac isini konvenciis am debulebidan warmoSobili valdebulis Sesasruleblad iyeneben. me-13 muxlis safuZvelze dakisrebuli valdebulebis farglebi ganmcxadeblis saCivris bunebidan gamomdinare meryeobs. miuxedavad amisa, me-13 muxliT moTxovnili dacvis saSualeba unda iyos `efeqtiani~ praqtikasa da, agreTve, samarTalSi (ix. aqsoi TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 1996 wlis 18 dekembris gadawyvetileba, moxsenebebi 1996-VI, gv. 2286, § 95; aidini TurqeTis winaaRmdeg, 1997 wlis 25 seqtembris gadawyvetileba, moxsenebebi 1997-VI, gv. 1895-96, § 103; da kaias saqme, citata zemoT, gv. 329-30, § 106). 171. sasamarTlom sasikvdilo Zalis an adamianTa saeWvo daRupvasTan dakavSirebul saqmeebze agreTve ganacxada, rom sicocxlis uflebis fundamenturi mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, me-13 muxli, Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi kompensaciebis gadaxdasTan erTad, srul da efeqtian 55

sicocxlis ufleba<br />

saTanado procedurebi sazogadoebis ndobis SenarCunebisa da kanonieri<br />

moTxovnebis dasakmayofileblad, romlebic SesaZloa sasikvdilo Zalis<br />

gamoyenebisas warmoiSvas. aseTi procedurebis ararseboba mxolod<br />

gaaRvivebs boroti motivaciebis SiSs, rogorc es, inter alia, ganmcxadeblis<br />

mier sasikvdilo gasrolis savaraudo politikasTan dakavSirebulma<br />

gancxadebebma uCvena.<br />

161. sasamarTlo adgens, rom adgili hqonda konvenciis me-2 muxliT<br />

dadgenili proceduruli valdebulebis Seusruleblobas da, am<br />

TvalsazrisiT, aRniSnuli debulebis darRvevas.<br />

II. konvenciis me-14 muxlis savaraudo darRveva<br />

162. ganmcxadebeli daeyrdno konvenciis me-14 muxls, romelic adgens:<br />

`am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT<br />

sargebloba uzrunvelyofilia yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe,<br />

ganurCevlad sqesis, rasis, kanis feris, enis, religiis, politikuri Tu<br />

sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, erovnuli<br />

umciresobebisadmi kuTvnilebis, qonebrivi mdgomareobis, dabadebisa Tu<br />

sxva niSnisa.~<br />

163. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebda, rom mamamisis mkvlelobis garemoebebi<br />

diskriminaciis niSnebs avlenda. igi acxadebda, rom 1969 wlidan 1994<br />

wlis martamde uSiSroebis Zalebis mier 357 adamiani iqna mokluli,<br />

romelTa umravlesoba kaTolike axalgazrdebi an nacionalisturi<br />

sazogadoebis wevrebi iyvnen. Tu amas SevadarebT protestantuli<br />

sazogadoebidan daRupulTa raodenobas da gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom<br />

sixlissamarTlebrivi devna SedarebiT mcire odenobis SemTxvevebze<br />

ganxorcielda (ocdaTerTmeti) da mxolod ramdenime maTgani damTavrda<br />

msjavriT (am gancxadebis droisaTvis, oTxi SemTxveva), naTeli xdeba,<br />

rom adgili hqonda erovnuli warmoSobis an erovnul umciresobebisadmi<br />

kuTvnilebis niSniT sasikvdilo Zalis diskriminaciul gamoyenebas da<br />

samarTlebrivi dacvis deficits sazogadoebis segmentis mimarT.<br />

164. mTavrobam sapasuxod ganacxada, rom CrdiloeT irlandiaSi<br />

sicocxlis xelyofis msgavsi faqtebis mtkicebuleba ar arsebobs da<br />

raime diferencirebuli mopyrobis SemTxvevebi ar gamomJRavnebula.<br />

statistika (romlis sizuste gaziarebuli ar iqna) sakmarisi ar aRmoCnda,<br />

gaziarebuliyo gancxadebebi kaTolikeebis Tu nacionalistebis mimarT<br />

diskriminaciis Sesaxeb.<br />

165. rodesac zogadi politika an RonisZieba araproporciul damRupvel<br />

zemoqmedebas axdens konkretul jgufze, gamoricxuli ar aris, igi<br />

diskriminaciulad CaiTvalos miuxedavad imisa, rom igi am konkretuli<br />

jgufisTvis gamiznuli an misdami mimarTuli ar yofila. Tumca, Tundac<br />

statistika uCvenebdes, rom uSiSroebis Zalebis mier mokluli adamianebi<br />

kaTolikeebi an nacionalisturi sazogadoebis wevrebi iyvnen, sasamarTlo<br />

ar miiCnevs, rom mxolod statistika avlens praqtikas, romelsac SeiZleba<br />

diskriminaciulis klasifikacia mieniWos me-14 muxlis mniSvnelobiT.<br />

sasamarTlos xelT ara aqvs raime mtkicebuleba, rac mas saSualebas<br />

miscems, daaskvnas, rom mocemuli mkvlelobebi, msjavriT damTavrebuli<br />

54

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