2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ... 2008, saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia ...
sicocxlis ufleba ufro metic, Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom policiis TanamSromelTaTvis arasdros uTxoviaT, aexsnaT, Tu ratom moxda dakavebis Canawerebis Secvla, ratom ar gamoiZaxes saswrafo samedicino daxmareba da ratom miawodes aSkarad mcdari informacia eqim mixailovs. iyo araerTi umniSvnelovanesi kiTxva, romlebzec gamoZiebas pasuxi unda gaeca. 1996 wlis 20 marts ganxorcielebul qmedebaTa rekonstruqcia, ucnobi mizezebis gamo, yuradRebas amaxvilebda mxolod imaze, Tu ramdenjer da sad daeca batoni zabCekovi miwaze, roca is gaqcevas cdilobda, amasTan, absolutur ignorirebas axdenda im movlenebisa, romlebsac adgili hqonda policiis ganyofilebaSi; agreTve araferi iyo naTqvami drois im monakveTze _ biWis dakavebidan mis policiis ganyofilebaSi moyvanamde SualedSi _ roca is miwaze iwva xelborkiliT xeze mijaWvuli da marto iyo datovebuli serJant mutafovTan (C) da mis megobar D-sTan erTad (ix. paragrafi 21, 26, 29 - 40 da 68). ufro metic, ar arsebobs Canaweri b-ni zabCekovis dakavebis adgilis beli lomis quCis droul daTvalierebasTan dakavSirebiT. SemTxvevis adgili daaTvalieres 1996 wlis 29 ianvars daaxloebiT 11 saaTze imave policiis ganyofilebis TanamSromlebma, romlebic CarTuli iyvnen b-ni zabCekovis dakavebaSi. da bolos, gamoZieba ZiriTadad koncentrirebuli iyo Tavis qalis dazianebis warmoSobis droisa da mizezis gamokvleva-dadgenaze maSin, rodesac Zalian mcired iyo gamaxvilebuli yuradReba sxva dazianebebze, romlebic gardacvlils sxeulze aRmoaCnda. mTavrobas ar ganumartavs zemoaRniSnuli umoqmedobis faqti. 143. sasamarTlo aseve miuTiTebs, rom policiis TanamSromelTa Cvenebebi gamoZiebam srulad gaiTvaliswina maTi saeWvo qmedebebis miuxedavad. garda amisa, marTalia, arsebobda aSkara winaaRmdegoba or samedicino daskvnas Soris, maT misaRebad swored meore daskvna miiCnies ise, rom arc ki ucdiaT, daedginaT, Tu ra iyo maT Soris gansxvavebis mizezi (ix. zemoT paragrafi 120). sinamdvileSi, gamoZiebis Sewyvetis safuZveli gaxda meore samedicino daskvna, romelic sakmaod saeWvo formiT adgenda dazianebis miyenebis drois sakiTxs (ix. paragrafebi 79, 81, 84 da 88-90). 144. sasamarTlo adgens, rom gamoZiebas aSkarad aklda sisrulisa da miukerZoeblobis niSnebi, kerZod, b-ni zabCekovis sikvdilis mizezis dadgenisa da pasuxismgebel pirTa gamoaSkaravebis nawilSi. Sesabamisad, is efeqturad ver CaiTvleba mxolod garkveuli raodenobis daskvnebis, mowmeTa Cvenebebisa da sxva sagamoZiebo qmedebebis ganxorcielebis safuZvelze. 145. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom gamoZiebis araefeqturoba gamowveuli iyo, zogadad, gamoZiebis aradamoukideblobis, mikerZoebulobis da pasuxismgeblobis dabali donis mizeziT, im saxelmwifo warmomadgenelTa mxridan, romlebic awarmoebdnen gamoZiebas policiis mier araadamianuri mopyrobis faqtTan dakavSirebiT. am konkretul viTarebaSi, rodesac dadgenilia, rom gamoZieba ganmcxadeblis Svilis gardacvalebis faqtTan dakavSirebiT iyo arasruli da mikerZoebuli, sasamarTlo saWirod ar miiCnevs, yuradReba SeaCeros sxva warmodgenil mtkicebulebebze. 124
angelova bulgareTis winaaRmdeg 146. sasamarTlo adgens, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifos mxridan adgili hqonda konvenciis me-2 muxlis pirveli paragrafis darRvevas b-ni zabCekovis sikvdilis faqtis araefeqturi gamoZiebis gamo. IV. konvenciis me-13 muxlis savaraudo darRvevis Taobaze 158. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom, dacvis efeqturi SidasaSualebebis ararsebobis gamo, dairRva konvenciis me-13 muxli amave konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxlebTan mimarTebiT. konvenciis me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad: `1. yvelas, visac daerRva am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, warmoeSoba efeqturi saSualebis miRebis ufleba erovnuli xelisuflebis winaSe, imisda miuxedavad, es darRveva Cadenili iqna Tu ara im pirebis mier, romlebic moqmedeben oficialuri uflebamosilebiT.~ 159. ganmcxadebeli uTiTebs ra mis saCivrebs konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxlebTan dakavSirebiT, acxadebs, rom Catarebuli gamoZieba ar iyo efeqturi. man daamata, rom Sesabamisi periodis ganmavlobaSi saerTod ar arsebobda gamoZiebis Sewyvetis Taobaze prokuroris gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebis SesaZlebloba. 160. mopasuxe mTavroba ganmcxadeblis konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxlebis Sesabamisi saCivrebis miTiTebiT acxadebs, rom am ukanasknels SeeZlo, sagamoZiebo moqmedebaSi CarTuliyo, rogorc kerZo bralmdebeli an samoqalaqo mosarCele. 161. konvenciis me-13 muxli uzrunvelyofs erovnul doneze iseTi saSualebebis arsebobas, romlebic arsobrivad daicaven konvenciiT uzrunvelyofil uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs, ra formiTac ar unda iyos isini inkorporirebuli erovnul samarTalSi. konvenciis me-13 muxli iTxovs iseTi saSualebebis arsebobas, romliTac SesaZlebeli iqneba, konvenciis TvalsazrisiT, `safuZvliani saCivris~ Sinaarsobrivi ganxilva da saTanado zomebis gatareba. amasTan, maRal xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoebs eZlevaT garkveuli diskrecia dacvis saSualebebis formis gansazRvrasTan dakavSirebiT. me-13 muxliT dadgenili valdebulebebi damokidebulia konvenciis Tanaxmad warmodgenili saCivris bunebaze. miuxedavad amisa, dacvis saSualeba unda iyo `efeqturi~ misi me-13 muxlTan SesabamisobisaTvis. maSin, rodesac dayenebulia konvenciiT uzrunvelyofili erTi an ramdenime muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi, unda arsebobdes Sesabamisi meqanizmi, romelic daadgens darRvevaSi monawile saxelmwifo warmomadgenlis an warmomadgenlebis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs. ufro metic, Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi, xelmisawvdomi unda iyos kompensacia darRveviT gamowveuli moraluri Tu materialuri zianisaTvis, rogorc uflebrivi aRdgenis procesis erT-erTi nawili (ix. Ti. pi. da qei. em. gaerTianebuli samefos winaaRmdeg [GC], no. 28945/95, §107, ECHR 2001-V). saeWvo gardacvalebis saqmeebSi, sicocxlis uflebis fundamenturi mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, me-13 muxli, kompensaciis gadaxdis garda, damatebiT iTxovs sruli da efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebas, romelsac SeeZleba damnaSaveTa gamoaSkaraveba da maTi dasja, rac sagamoZiebo procesSi mosarCelis aqtiur CarTvas gulisxmobs (ix. kaia, zemoT 125
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angelova bulgareTis winaaRmdeg<br />
146. sasamarTlo adgens, rom mopasuxe saxelmwifos mxridan adgili hqonda<br />
konvenciis me-2 muxlis pirveli paragrafis darRvevas b-ni zabCekovis<br />
sikvdilis faqtis araefeqturi gamoZiebis gamo.<br />
IV. konvenciis me-13 muxlis savaraudo darRvevis Taobaze<br />
158. ganmcxadebeli amtkicebs, rom, dacvis efeqturi SidasaSualebebis<br />
ararsebobis gamo, dairRva konvenciis me-13 muxli amave konvenciis me-2 da<br />
me-3 muxlebTan mimarTebiT. konvenciis me-13 muxlis Tanaxmad:<br />
`1. yvelas, visac daerRva am konvenciiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebebi da<br />
Tavisuflebebi, warmoeSoba efeqturi saSualebis miRebis ufleba erovnuli<br />
xelisuflebis winaSe, imisda miuxedavad, es darRveva Cadenili iqna Tu ara<br />
im pirebis mier, romlebic moqmedeben oficialuri uflebamosilebiT.~<br />
159. ganmcxadebeli uTiTebs ra mis saCivrebs konvenciis me-2 da me-3<br />
muxlebTan dakavSirebiT, acxadebs, rom Catarebuli gamoZieba ar iyo<br />
efeqturi. man daamata, rom Sesabamisi periodis ganmavlobaSi saerTod ar<br />
arsebobda gamoZiebis Sewyvetis Taobaze prokuroris gadawyvetilebis<br />
gasaCivrebis SesaZlebloba.<br />
160. mopasuxe mTavroba ganmcxadeblis konvenciis me-2 da me-3 muxlebis<br />
Sesabamisi saCivrebis miTiTebiT acxadebs, rom am ukanasknels SeeZlo,<br />
sagamoZiebo moqmedebaSi CarTuliyo, rogorc kerZo bralmdebeli an<br />
samoqalaqo mosarCele.<br />
161. konvenciis me-13 muxli uzrunvelyofs erovnul doneze iseTi<br />
saSualebebis arsebobas, romlebic arsobrivad daicaven konvenciiT<br />
uzrunvelyofil uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs, ra formiTac ar unda<br />
iyos isini inkorporirebuli erovnul samarTalSi. konvenciis me-13<br />
muxli iTxovs iseTi saSualebebis arsebobas, romliTac SesaZlebeli<br />
iqneba, konvenciis TvalsazrisiT, `safuZvliani saCivris~ Sinaarsobrivi<br />
ganxilva da saTanado zomebis gatareba. amasTan, maRal xelSemkvrel<br />
saxelmwifoebs eZlevaT garkveuli diskrecia dacvis saSualebebis formis<br />
gansazRvrasTan dakavSirebiT. me-13 muxliT dadgenili valdebulebebi<br />
damokidebulia konvenciis Tanaxmad warmodgenili saCivris bunebaze.<br />
miuxedavad amisa, dacvis saSualeba unda iyo `efeqturi~ misi me-13 muxlTan<br />
SesabamisobisaTvis.<br />
maSin, rodesac dayenebulia konvenciiT uzrunvelyofili erTi an<br />
ramdenime muxlis darRvevis sakiTxi, unda arsebobdes Sesabamisi meqanizmi,<br />
romelic daadgens darRvevaSi monawile saxelmwifo warmomadgenlis<br />
an warmomadgenlebis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxs. ufro metic, Sesabamis<br />
SemTxvevebSi, xelmisawvdomi unda iyos kompensacia darRveviT gamowveuli<br />
moraluri Tu materialuri zianisaTvis, rogorc uflebrivi aRdgenis<br />
procesis erT-erTi nawili (ix. Ti. pi. da qei. em. gaerTianebuli samefos<br />
winaaRmdeg [GC], no. 28945/95, §107, ECHR 2001-V).<br />
saeWvo gardacvalebis saqmeebSi, sicocxlis uflebis fundamenturi<br />
mniSvnelobis gaTvaliswinebiT, me-13 muxli, kompensaciis gadaxdis garda,<br />
damatebiT iTxovs sruli da efeqturi gamoZiebis Catarebas, romelsac<br />
SeeZleba damnaSaveTa gamoaSkaraveba da maTi dasja, rac sagamoZiebo<br />
procesSi mosarCelis aqtiur CarTvas gulisxmobs (ix. kaia, zemoT<br />
125
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