polkovniki daviT maRlakeliZe erekle meoris samxedro xelovneba ...
polkovniki daviT maRlakeliZe erekle meoris samxedro xelovneba ... polkovniki daviT maRlakeliZe erekle meoris samxedro xelovneba ...
uxmobdnen, misca mas da ganewyo yovelive moxeleni da msaxurni cecxlsasroleTani evropulad~ (47, 92). erekle II-is dros artileriaSi samsaxuri sapatiod iTvleboda. gansakuTrebuli privilegiebiT sargeblobdnen artileriis ufrosi (TofCibaSi) da misi moadgileebi (naibi), romelTa xelmZRvanelobiT amzadebdnen qarxnis xelosnebi cecxlmfrqvevad saWurvels, kerZod, zarbaznebsa da mis mowyobilobas. Pp. andronikaSvilma SesaniSnavad gaarTva Tavi mefis mier micemul davalebas. rogorc sabuTidan irkveva, saartilerio ganxriT momsaxure pirebi mxolod didi Sromisa da garjis Semdeg Rebulobdnen maRal Tanamdebobas. 1780 wels p. andronikaSvilma artileriis ufrosoba miiRo.Mmis ZiriTad amocanas Seadgenda artileristebis momzadeba, maTi gawvrTna da movla-patronoba. amas amtkicebs saqarTvelos centralur saistoro arqivSi Seswavlili sabuTi `Cven qarTlisa da kaxeTis mefem iraklim giboZeT Sen, qisiyis mouravis Svils paatas TofCibaSs. Aaqamdin TobCibaSoba gayofili iyo. axla mTlaT da sakuTraT Sen dagadgineT da Sen giboZeT, rac TofCibaSebi Tarxans giorgis ebarnen, isinic Sen unda miibaro da amaTs swavlazed bejiTi unda iyo da sxvis Semoyvanasac ecade, rom TofCibaSi TofCeb gaimravlo. SenTvis jamagirad weliwadSi ormoci Tumani madnidam mogecema da jinSi ocis Tumnisa sabeWdavis ijaridam mogecema. Amas yovelwliv Cveni moxeleni ukleblad mogcemen. amas garda, rac SenTvis ulufa gamogvCenia, is sxva oqmiT mogecema~ (16, 268) (4, 226). erekle II artileriaSi momsaxure nebismieri rangis pirovnebas garkveul SeRavaTebs aZlevda, jamagirs uxdida da usamarTlobisganac icavda, aseve damsaxurebis mixedviT wodebebs aniWebda. mas mowmoben saqarTvelos centralur saistorio arqivSi daculi dokumentebi (6, 226. # 5124, 5125, 2616, 8719). XVIII saukunis 70-ian-80-ian wlebSi artileria saqarTveloSi kidev ufro gaumjobesda, ramac saxelmwifos Tavdacvisunarianobis saqmeSi mniSvnelovani roli Sasrula: `mefe irakli Tavis samefos kualobazed Zlieri iyo. imas hqonda ocdaoTxi gawyobili zarbaznebi Tavis Camosasxmelis saxliTa, romelsaca siTkenac undoda, iqiT waiRebda im 51
zarbaznebs, magram ufrosi erTi sul adgilobriv ewyo da TviTon ki qarTvelebiT mters sdevnida xan somxiTSi, xan qarTlSi da xan kaxeTSi. . .im zarbaznebiT da im jariT, romlis mtersa SemouSvebda saqarTveloSi? aramc Tu SemouSvebda, sxva qveynebsac SeiZenda~ (146, 8). mefe gamudmebiT cdilobda saartilerio saqmis srulyofas.AartileristTa kadrebis mosamzadeblad zogjer ucxoel specialistebsac iwvevda. Mmis SviliSvils, daviT batoniSvils saartilerio samxedro ganaTleba avstrieli ioseb iakobis Ze getingisagan miuRia (111, 418). 1794 wels man ruseTSi gagzavna saqarTvelos mkvidri stefane meliqovi saartilerio saqmis Sesaswavlad. amasTan dakavSirebiT, mefe erekle Tavis elCs, garsevan WavWavaZes swerda: `. . .somxiTis meliqovi stefan pavliCi ruseTs iyo, iq rusuli ena da wigni iswavla da aq CvenTan movida da Cven isev mand ruseTs SenTan gamovistumreT im mizezebisaTvis, rom … artileriis agebis saqme iswavlos da am qveyanas gamoadges. Amaszed ram gulmodgineba ixmaro, Sens mSobels qveyanas vals dasdeb da Cvens gulsac moimadleb. . .Tu Sengan SeiZlebodes, drozed kapitnobis Cinis Sovnazed Seewio da uSovno, ufro mxiarulebiT ecdeba swavlis miRebas da saqarTvelos Sesamati saqme iqneba~ (7, 227). sabuTi gaanalizebulia a. klimiaSvilis mier. saWiro iyo saartilerio saqmis ganviTarebisaTvis feTqebadi masalebis damzadeba. XVIII saukunis II naxevarSi Tofiswamals garkveulwilad moqalaqe xelosnebi amzadebdnen da vaWrobdnen. mefe ereklem Tofiswamlis, gvarjilis damzadeba da individualuri pirebis mier damoukideblad gayidva akrZala. warmoebis ufleba man mxolod erT pirs - TayuaSvils uboZa. mefis nebarTviT man 1770 wels Tofis wamlis qarxana aaSena. Tofis wamlis damzadeba da gayidva mxolod am pirovnebas miando (87, 272). TayuaSvilebisadmi erekles mier micemul nebarTvaSi aRniSnulia: `Cveni brZaneba aris TayuaSvilo isaiaRav, merme did Wirobas, qveynisa da Cveni samsaxurisaTvis da qalaqsa da xalxis mraval rigis movlis samagieroT qalaqSi Tofis wamlis danayvis brZaneba mamaSens, Sen da SvilTa SenTa giboZeT, Tqvens meti kaci veravin daanayvinebda da verc 52
- Page 1 and 2: saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis ga
- Page 3 and 4: kanonzomierebebs, riTac xels uwyobs
- Page 5 and 6: sadisertacio naSromis miznad davisa
- Page 7 and 8: iwveven gantolebebSi Semavali e.w.
- Page 9 and 10: wyaroebisa da literaturis mimoxilva
- Page 11 and 12: franguli wyaroebidan sainteresoa ka
- Page 13 and 14: koleqtivis mier gamocemul damxmare
- Page 15 and 16: sabrZolo gawvrTnisa da misi gamZleo
- Page 17 and 18: arseboba gaqrobisagan gadaerCina (6
- Page 19 and 20: uxdeboda. am sadroSos teritoriaze a
- Page 21 and 22: samxedro xaziT mxolod sadroSos sard
- Page 23 and 24: dadasturebas warmoadgens erekle meo
- Page 25 and 26: omelic mdevrad migviCenia, saCqarod
- Page 27 and 28: safuZvelze SemuSavebuli iqna sadazv
- Page 29 and 30: moZiebul masalaSi sayarauloebi moxs
- Page 31 and 32: iSleboda, rogorc ki es saWiroeba ga
- Page 33 and 34: am ganapiroba morige laSqris Seqmna
- Page 35 and 36: daadgina, rom saxazino (saxaso), sa
- Page 37 and 38: glexoba sursaTis gadasaxadisagan ga
- Page 39 and 40: 236). qarTl-kaxeTis samefos samoxel
- Page 41 and 42: dadasturebaa mefis mdivanbegis mier
- Page 43 and 44: aRmosavleT saqarTvelos Tavdacvisuna
- Page 45 and 46: 1.2. SeiaraRebisa da tyvia-wamlis w
- Page 47 and 48: qarTvelebisaTvis saartilerio saqme
- Page 49: sxvadasxva tipis zarbaznis daniSnul
- Page 53 and 54: andronikaSvilis moRvaweobis periodS
- Page 55 and 56: saxelmwifos SigniT mobilizebuli xvd
- Page 57 and 58: mniSvneloba hqonda qarTl_kaxeTisaTv
- Page 59 and 60: qarTl-kaxeTis samefos Tavdacvisunar
- Page 61 and 62: mdgomareobaSi iyo erevnis saxanoc.
- Page 63 and 64: daepatronen. QqarTvelTa laSqarma md
- Page 65 and 66: sabolood miviReT, rom brZolis samiv
- Page 67 and 68: savalalo Sedegi mohyoloda.Mmama da
- Page 69 and 70: winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi ubrZolvelad
- Page 71 and 72: sadroSoebis oTxnawiliani sabrZolo w
- Page 73 and 74: moqmedeba meTaurma warmatebis garan
- Page 75 and 76: danakargebi, romelsac brZolis dinam
- Page 77 and 78: erTeuli, xolo marjvena flangze brZo
- Page 79 and 80: oli iTamaSa qarTvelTa sardlis _ ere
- Page 81 and 82: saxanoebis mier xunZaxis batonis nu
- Page 83 and 84: mZarcveluri moqmedebebi, vidre farT
- Page 85 and 86: erTi SeniSvnac unda gavakeToT: 2715
- Page 87 and 88: nawiliT demonstraciuli moqmedebebi
- Page 89 and 90: dakargvas, ra sirTulesTan iyo dakav
- Page 91 and 92: laSqaric. DdaRestnelebs cixis aRebi
- Page 93 and 94: monawileoba SetakebaSi; 2. ramden x
- Page 95 and 96: mdgomareoba, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT
- Page 97 and 98: useTs osmaleTTan omSi evropis saxel
- Page 99 and 100: zemoxsenebulidan gamomdinare, garkv
zarbaznebs, magram ufrosi erTi sul adgilobriv ewyo da TviTon ki<br />
qarTvelebiT mters sdevnida xan somxiTSi, xan qarTlSi da xan<br />
kaxeTSi. . .im zarbaznebiT da im jariT, romlis mtersa SemouSvebda<br />
saqarTveloSi? aramc Tu SemouSvebda, sxva qveynebsac SeiZenda~ (146, 8).<br />
mefe gamudmebiT cdilobda saartilerio saqmis<br />
srulyofas.AartileristTa kadrebis mosamzadeblad zogjer ucxoel<br />
specialistebsac iwvevda. Mmis SviliSvils, <strong>daviT</strong> batoniSvils<br />
saartilerio <strong>samxedro</strong> ganaTleba avstrieli ioseb iakobis Ze<br />
getingisagan miuRia (111, 418). 1794 wels man ruseTSi gagzavna saqarTvelos<br />
mkvidri stefane meliqovi saartilerio saqmis Sesaswavlad. amasTan<br />
dakavSirebiT, mefe <strong>erekle</strong> Tavis elCs, garsevan WavWavaZes swerda:<br />
`. . .somxiTis meliqovi stefan pavliCi ruseTs iyo, iq rusuli ena da<br />
wigni iswavla da aq CvenTan movida da Cven isev mand ruseTs SenTan<br />
gamovistumreT im mizezebisaTvis, rom … artileriis agebis saqme<br />
iswavlos da am qveyanas gamoadges. Amaszed ram gulmodgineba ixmaro,<br />
Sens mSobels qveyanas vals dasdeb da Cvens gulsac moimadleb. . .Tu<br />
Sengan SeiZlebodes, drozed kapitnobis Cinis Sovnazed Seewio da<br />
uSovno, ufro mxiarulebiT ecdeba swavlis miRebas da saqarTvelos<br />
Sesamati saqme iqneba~ (7, 227). sabuTi gaanalizebulia a. klimiaSvilis<br />
mier.<br />
saWiro iyo saartilerio saqmis ganviTarebisaTvis feTqebadi<br />
masalebis damzadeba. XVIII saukunis II naxevarSi Tofiswamals<br />
garkveulwilad moqalaqe xelosnebi amzadebdnen da vaWrobdnen. mefe<br />
<strong>erekle</strong>m Tofiswamlis, gvarjilis damzadeba da individualuri pirebis<br />
mier damoukideblad gayidva akrZala. warmoebis ufleba man mxolod erT<br />
pirs - TayuaSvils uboZa. mefis nebarTviT man 1770 wels Tofis wamlis<br />
qarxana aaSena. Tofis wamlis damzadeba da gayidva mxolod am pirovnebas<br />
miando (87, 272). TayuaSvilebisadmi <strong>erekle</strong>s mier micemul nebarTvaSi<br />
aRniSnulia: `Cveni brZaneba aris TayuaSvilo isaiaRav, merme did Wirobas,<br />
qveynisa da Cveni samsaxurisaTvis da qalaqsa da xalxis mraval rigis<br />
movlis samagieroT qalaqSi Tofis wamlis danayvis brZaneba mamaSens, Sen<br />
da SvilTa SenTa giboZeT, Tqvens meti kaci veravin daanayvinebda da verc<br />
52
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