samoqalaqo Tavdacva da usafrTxoeba
samoqalaqo Tavdacva da usafrTxoeba
samoqalaqo Tavdacva da usafrTxoeba
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<strong>samoqalaqo</strong><br />
<strong>Tav<strong>da</strong>cva</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong><br />
(<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong><br />
sagangebo viTarebebSi)<br />
M<br />
maswavleblis wigni<br />
VIII klasi<br />
grifi mieniWa 2012 wels<br />
saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa <strong>da</strong> mecnierebis saministros<br />
s.s.i.p. ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis erovnuli centris<br />
mier (brZaneba #375, 18. 05. 2012w.)<br />
logo<br />
gamomcemloba ,,sidi”<br />
Tbilisi, 2012
sarCevi<br />
winasityvaoba ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4<br />
zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebi <strong>da</strong> amocanebi ............................................................. 8<br />
sagnobrivi programa ................................................................................................................................................... 10<br />
Temebis Sesabamisoba stan<strong>da</strong>rtebTan ................................................................................................... 11…<br />
erovnuli miznebisa <strong>da</strong> Sinaarsis ruka ................................................................................................ 13<br />
meToduri rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebi maswavleblebisTvis ......................................................................... 16<br />
interaqtiuli swavlebis meTodebi .......................................................................................................... 17<br />
Sefaseba ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 24<br />
gakveTilebis sanimuSo scenarebi ............................................................................................................... 27<br />
2
winasityvaoba<br />
sagnis <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>Tav<strong>da</strong>cva</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> (<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> sagangebo<br />
viTarebebSi) Seswavla umniSvnelovanesia moswavleebSi piradi usafrTxoebis<br />
formirebisaTvis, raTa maT saSualeba mieceT orientireba gaakeTon<br />
Tanamedrove kataklizmebis samyaroSi, miiRon swori ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebebi,<br />
romelic maT <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong>s gansazRvravs.<br />
saxelmZRvanelos mizania mozardebs gamoumuSavdeT mtkice nebisyofa,<br />
ganuviTardeT eqstremalur situaciebSi Seucdomlad <strong>da</strong> usafrTxod moqmedebis<br />
unari, SeeZloT urTierT<strong>da</strong>xmareba, sakuTari <strong>da</strong> gverdiT myofis sicocxlis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>rCena sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxis sagangebo viTarebaSi. igi esa<strong>da</strong>geba Tanamedrove mozardebis<br />
interesebis sferos, fsiqo-fiziologiur Taviseburebebs, cxovrebiseul<br />
gamocdilebas, analitikuri azrovnebis unars.<br />
saxelmZRvanelo <strong>da</strong>exmareba moswavleebs yoveldRiur realobaSi mimdinare<br />
safrTxis Semcveli situaciebis amocnobaSi <strong>da</strong> SefasebaSi. saxelmZRvanelos<br />
zogadi miznebia mravalmxrivi midgomiT<br />
• efeqturad warmoaCinos sagani <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>Tav<strong>da</strong>cva</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong><br />
(<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> sagangebo viTarebebSi), <strong>da</strong>exmaros moswavleebs misi arsisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> miznebis sworad aRqmaSi;<br />
• win wamoswios sagnis swavlebis praqtikuli (unarebis ganviTarebasTan<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli) miznebi;<br />
• <strong>da</strong>exmaros moswavleebs 12 saaTiani kursis efeqtianad aTvisebaSi, saklaso<br />
<strong>da</strong> klasgareSe drois optimalurad organizebaSi;<br />
• efeqturad ga<strong>da</strong>Wras stan<strong>da</strong>rtiT gansazRvruli amocanebi saganSi _<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>Tav<strong>da</strong>cva</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> (<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> sagangebo<br />
viTarebebSi) VIII klasisaTvis;<br />
• Sinaarsi <strong>da</strong> koncefciebi realuri magaliTebiT gaacocxlos.<br />
saxelmZRvanelo emsaxureba Semdeg ZiriTad miznebs:<br />
• sicocxlisa <strong>da</strong> janmrTelobisaTvis saSiSi situaciebis Sefaseba;<br />
• uCveulo an sagangebo viTarebaSi moqmedeba;<br />
• safrTxeebisagan individualuri <strong>da</strong> koleqtiuri <strong>da</strong>cvis saSualebebis<br />
gamoyeneba;<br />
• mozardisaTvis swori, sasikeTo <strong>da</strong> usafrTxo ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis <strong>da</strong>moukideblad<br />
miRebis unar-Cvevebis, aqtiuri moqmedebis unaris ganviTareba;<br />
• mozardebis piradi <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebrivi pasuxismgeblobis grZnobis ganvi-<br />
Tareba;<br />
• mozardis sazogadoebaSi Tanacxovrebis saWiro unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba;<br />
• informaciasTan <strong>da</strong>moukidebelad muSaobis (mopoveba, Segroveba, analizi<br />
<strong>da</strong> gavrceleba) swavla;<br />
• analitikuri azrovnebis, kvlevis <strong>da</strong> Sefasebis, usafrTxo cxovrebis<br />
wesebis codnisa <strong>da</strong> Cvevebis <strong>da</strong>moukideblad SeZenis unaris ganviTareba;<br />
• kanonmorCileba (saxelmZRvaneloSi maqsimalurad aris gamoyenebuli ama<br />
Tu im sakiTxis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos moqmedi kanonmdeblobi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
amonaridi, rac moswavles saSualebas aZlevs ukeT gaerkves, risi<br />
uflebebi aqvs mas <strong>da</strong> ra movaleobebi gaaCnia);<br />
• stan<strong>da</strong>rtiT gaTvaliswinebuli amocanebis efeqturad ga<strong>da</strong>Wra;<br />
• xeli Seuwyos moswavleTa piradi motivaciis gaZlierebas, raTa sagakve-<br />
Tilo procesSi maTi monawileoba ufro Sedegiani <strong>da</strong> mravlismomcveli<br />
gaxados;<br />
• ganuviTaros moswavles zogadi sakomunikacio unar-Cvevebi (metyveleba,<br />
mosmena), saorganizacio <strong>da</strong> jgufuri muSaobis unari.<br />
3
saxelmZRvaneloTi swavlebis efeqtianoba<br />
saxelmZRvanelo <strong>da</strong>werilia martivi eniT, lakonurad, feradovania, saintereso<br />
<strong>da</strong> Tanamimdevruli. gakveTilis struqtura isea mofiqrebuli, rom maswavlebels<br />
gauadvildeba moswavlis samyaroSi Sesvla <strong>da</strong> misi gamowveva, amas-<br />
Tan TviT maswavlebelsac ganawyobs srulfasovani gakveTilis Casatareblad.<br />
gakveTili isea struqturirebuli, rom moswavle mTeli gakveTilis ganmavlobaSi<br />
swavlebis subieqtad rCeba. moswavleebSi gulaxdili msjelobis waxalisebas<br />
xels uwyobs sakvanZo sakiTxebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli kiTxvebi ,,ratom?”<br />
<strong>da</strong> ,,rogor?” am kiTxvebze moswavle Tavad eZebs pasuxs <strong>da</strong> gaazrebuli, Segnebuli<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba <strong>da</strong> piradi pozicia uyalibdeba.<br />
kiTxva `ratom?~ exmareba moswavles CauRrmvdes realuri cxovrebis nebismier<br />
sferoSi mimdinare procesebs.<br />
kiTxva `rogor?~ exmareba moswavles sabaziso codnis SeZenaSi. mag.: rogor<br />
SeiZleba Sefasdes a<strong>da</strong>mianisa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebis roli sagzao moZraobis<br />
wesebis <strong>da</strong>cvaSi?<br />
kursis aTvisebis Semdeg moswavles SeeZleba:<br />
• ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis <strong>da</strong>moukideblad miReba;<br />
• miznis <strong>da</strong>saxva;<br />
• problemebis gamovlena-analizi;<br />
• ama Tu im situaciaSi moqmedi stimulebis analizi;<br />
• safrTxeebis gansazRvra <strong>da</strong> Sefaseba;<br />
• faqtebze informaciis Segroveba, klasifikacia <strong>da</strong> marTva:<br />
a) informaciis moZieba: <strong>da</strong>kvirveba, gamokiTxva, interviu, dokumentebis<br />
analizi <strong>da</strong> gamoyeneba konteqstis mixedviT,<br />
b) informaciis analizi: wyaroebis sinTezi, <strong>da</strong>pirispireba, analogia, ganzogadeba,<br />
faqtisa <strong>da</strong> interpretaciis garCeva,<br />
g) informaciis marTva, informaciis gavrcelebis saWiro arxebis SerCeva<br />
(miznobrivi jgufebis mixedviT) <strong>da</strong> gamoyeneba;<br />
• piradi usafrTxo mdgomareobis analizi: movlenaTa ranJireba<br />
mniSvnelovnebis mixedviT, movlenaTa urTierTkavSirisa <strong>da</strong><br />
urTierTgavlenis <strong>da</strong>naxva, interesebisa <strong>da</strong> poziciebis garCeva.<br />
moswavlis wignis logika, struqtura <strong>da</strong> Sinarsi<br />
gar<strong>da</strong> imisa, rom saxelmZRvanelo awvdis fun<strong>da</strong>menturi cnebebis asaTviseblad<br />
saWiro informacias, aseve Seicavs <strong>da</strong>matebiT sakiTxav saintereso <strong>da</strong> masalas<br />
Sesabamis TemasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic saSualebas miscems rogorc<br />
moswavleebs, ise maswavleblebs ukeT <strong>da</strong>inaxon umniSvnelovanesi kavSirebi sazogadoebasa<br />
<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifos Soris.<br />
gakveTilze integrirebulad gamoiyeneba aqtiuri swavlebis meTodebi:<br />
• jgufuri swavleba;<br />
• modelirebuli savarjiSoebi;<br />
• prezentacia;<br />
• debatebi;<br />
• proeqti.<br />
maswavleblis mier gamoyenebuli iqneba:<br />
• struqturirebuli praqtika - maswavlebeli klasTan erTad xsnis situaciur<br />
amocanas an aanalizebs romelime problemas;<br />
• mizanmimarTuli praqtika - moswavleebi <strong>da</strong>moukideblad muSaoben, maswavlebeli<br />
ki akontrolebs maT <strong>da</strong> koreqtirebas ukeTebs ukukavSiris procesSi;<br />
4
• <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli praqtika _ moswavleebi <strong>da</strong>moukideblad muSaoben maswavlebelTan<br />
uSualo kavSiris gareSe;<br />
• gagebis (aRqmis) Semowmeba _ ukukavSiris uzrunvelyofa, masalis arasworad<br />
gagebiT gamowveuli Secdomebis gamosworeba;<br />
• moswavleTa motivaciis gaZliereba _ maT mier gakveTilis msvlelobisas<br />
ufro metad gaaqtiurebis mizniT.<br />
masala mcire dozebiT ga<strong>da</strong>icema. koncefciebi warmodgenili iqneba Tvalsa-<br />
Cinoebebis meSveobiT, romelic avtorebis mier momzadebuli <strong>da</strong> ganTavsebulia<br />
Sesabamisi gakveTilSi moswavlis wignSi.<br />
maswavleblisaTvis SeTavazebuli meTodika Tanamimdevrulia, gamarTuli <strong>da</strong><br />
aprobirebulia. is emsaxureba codnis miwodebas deviziT – me mesmis <strong>da</strong> maviwydeba,<br />
me vxe<strong>da</strong>v <strong>da</strong> vimaxsovreb, me vakeTeb <strong>da</strong> vswavlob.<br />
Temi<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>xvevis Tavis aridebis mizniT maswavleblis wignSi mocemuli<br />
iqneba mecadineobis Catarebis tipiuri instruqciebi:<br />
• gakveTilis msvlelobis aqtiuri dinamiuri <strong>da</strong> efeqtiani procedurebi;<br />
• modelirebuli savarjiSos scenariT Catarebis specifika;<br />
• masalis miwodebis <strong>da</strong> aqtivobebis Tanamimdevruloba;<br />
• saWiro dro;<br />
• resursebi.<br />
amasTan maswavlebels <strong>da</strong>moukidebloba <strong>da</strong> Tavisufleba eniWeba mza instruqciebis<br />
SemoqmedebiTad gamoyenebisaTvis.<br />
gakveTilebSi mocemulia kiTxvebi, romelic gansaxilveli sakiTxis ZiriTad<br />
cnebebTan <strong>da</strong> principebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul problemebs Seexeba. es aris fiqrisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> gansjis gamomwvevi kiTxvebi, agreTve, geografiaSi, biologiaSi, fizikaSi<br />
naswavli masalis Sexsenebis saSualeba. isini moswavlisagan warmodgenasa <strong>da</strong><br />
gamocdilebas efuZneba <strong>da</strong> sakiTxis ganxilvis <strong>da</strong>wyebis saSualebad gamodgeba,<br />
moswavles Temisadmi interess uRvivebs. kiTxvebis mizania:<br />
• interesis gaCena;<br />
• codnis ga<strong>da</strong>cema;<br />
• unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba;<br />
• codnis ganmtkiceba;<br />
• codnis Sefaseba;<br />
• codnis integrireba;<br />
• praqtikuli gamoyenebis aspeqtebis gacnoba;<br />
• jgufuri <strong>da</strong> individualuri <strong>da</strong>valebebis momzadeba <strong>da</strong> prezentacia.<br />
gakveTilis aseTi struqtura sainteresos <strong>da</strong> xalisians xdis swavlebis<br />
process <strong>da</strong> bavSvebs TviTgamovlenaSi exmareba, risTvisac isini mudmivad imsaxureben<br />
maswavleblis Seqebas. aseTi Camoyalibebuli struqtura pe<strong>da</strong>gogs ar<br />
zRu<strong>da</strong>vs mravalferovani <strong>da</strong> improvizebuli gakveTilebi Caataros.<br />
Temis axsna iwyeba situaciuri an modelirebuli savarjiSos analiziT. maswavleblis<br />
<strong>da</strong>xmarebiT xdeba moyvanili faqtebis sistematizacia, ganzogadeba,<br />
Teoriis Camoyalibeba <strong>da</strong> sakuTari cxovrebiseuli <strong>da</strong>kvirvebis Sedegebis moSveliebiT<br />
am Teoriis WeSmaritebis Semowmeba.<br />
TiToeul TemasTan mimarTebaSi ganixileba realurad arsebuli problemebi.<br />
moswavleebs martivi kvlevis Catarebis saSualeba eZlevaT. teqstSi moyvanilia<br />
magaliTebi realuri cxovrebi<strong>da</strong>n. fotoebi, cxrilebi, sqemebi <strong>da</strong> diagramebi<br />
isea SerCeuli, rom moswavles masalis aRqmaSi <strong>da</strong>exmaros. terminebi feradovna<strong>da</strong>a<br />
gamoyofili. mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi CarCoSia moTavsebuli.<br />
imisaTvis, rom moswavles Sinaarsze muSaoba gauadvildes, moswavlis wigns<br />
axlavs moswavlis rveuli. TiToeuli gakveTilis Sesabamisi praqtikuli<br />
savarjiSoebi, testebi mocemulia moswavlis rveulSi. es aqtivobebi SinaarsTan<br />
<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebebTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli Sedegebis miRwevas aadvilebs. savarjiSoebis<br />
mizania naswavli masalis gaazreba-wvdoma, azrovnebis stimulireba.<br />
savarjiSoebi, codnis Sesamowmebeli kiTxvebi mocemulia sakvanZo sakiT-<br />
5
xTan mimarTebaSi, raTa moswavlem maSinve Seamowmos, rogor gaigo axsnili<br />
koncefcia.<br />
teqsti <strong>da</strong>werilia nebismieri moswavlisaTvis gasagebi eniT, Seesabameba<br />
asaks, interesebs <strong>da</strong> SesaZleblobebs. masSi CarTuli kiTxvebi diskusiis, msjelobis,<br />
azrovnebis inicirebisTvisaa gamiznuli an moswavlisagan sakuTari<br />
Tvalsazrisis gamoTqmas, <strong>da</strong>sabuTebas, koncefciebis cxovrebiseuli situaciebTan<br />
<strong>da</strong> pirad gamocdilebasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebas moiTxovs.<br />
<strong>da</strong>matebiTi masala (es sainteresoa!) TemasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul saintereso faqtebs<br />
exeba.<br />
fotoebi, sqemebi, cxrilebi, diagramebi <strong>da</strong> sxva vizualuri saSualebebi<br />
isea SerCeuli, rom xazi gausvas mniSvnelovan cnebebs an/<strong>da</strong> ganxilvis inicireba<br />
moaxdinos.<br />
imisTvis, rom moswavles Sinaarsze muSaoba gauadvildes:<br />
• yvela sakvanZo cnebis axsna moswavleTaTvis gasageb <strong>da</strong> nacnob garemos-<br />
Tan analogiis gziT xdeba;<br />
• amave nacnob garemoSi uwevs moswavles <strong>da</strong>valebebis Sesruleba –<br />
informaciis moZieba, Txzulebis mofiqreba, prezentacia, mini-proeqtis<br />
<strong>da</strong>gegmva <strong>da</strong> ganxocieleba.<br />
avtors miaCnia, rom es optimaluri gzaa axladSeZenili unarebis aprobaciisaTvis<br />
<strong>da</strong> rTuli cnebebis Semecnebis gaadvilebisaTvis. mozardi savarjiSoebis<br />
Sesrulebisas swavlobs analogiis gakeTebas, ganzogadebas, informaciis<br />
sinTezs, is advilad SeZlebs kursis ganmavlobaSi SeZenili codnisa <strong>da</strong> unarebis<br />
gamoyenebas ufro farTo asparezze <strong>da</strong> ufro kompleqsuri <strong>da</strong> cxovrebiseuli<br />
amocanebis ga<strong>da</strong>saWrelad, imisgan ganurCevlad, Tu ra profesias airCevs.<br />
saxelmZRvanelo sTavazobs moswavleebs informaciis moZiebis erT-erT<br />
formas _ inernet-resursebs. Tumca uamravi bavSvia, romelsac kompiuterTan<br />
xeli ar miuwvdeba. swored amitom maswavlebels vaZlevT rekomen<strong>da</strong>cias, vebgverdebis<br />
gacnoba <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>matebiTi informaciis moZieba ar iyos savaldebulo.<br />
Tumca mondomebuli moswavleebis Sroma aucileblad un<strong>da</strong> waxalisdes.<br />
moswavlis saxelmZRvanelo - <strong>samoqalaqo</strong> <strong>Tav<strong>da</strong>cva</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong><br />
(<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> sagangebo viTarebebSi) 3 Tavisgan Sedgeba <strong>da</strong> TiToeul stan<strong>da</strong>rts<br />
Seesabameba.<br />
moswavlis wignSic <strong>da</strong> rveulSic SenarCunebulia Tavebis (mimarTulebebis)<br />
saTaurebi. gakveTilebis saTaurebi iSviaTi gamonaklisis gar<strong>da</strong> zustad emTxveva<br />
stan<strong>da</strong>rtiT SemoTavazebul Sinaars (ixileT Tan<strong>da</strong>rTuli Temebis CamonaTvali).<br />
gakveTilebs ki <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli, <strong>da</strong>maintrigebeli saTaurebi aqvs.<br />
6
gakveTilebis sanimuSo scenarebi<br />
Tavi I: sagangebo situaciebi <strong>da</strong> maTi klasifikacia<br />
1. sagangebo situaciebis arsi <strong>da</strong> saxeobebi<br />
Sesavali<br />
<strong>samoqalaqo</strong> Tav<strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> usafrTxoebis (<strong>usafrTxoeba</strong> sagangebo viTarebebSi)<br />
sagnis Seswavla TavisTavad ar aris usafrTxo cxovrebis mTavari piroba.<br />
magram usafrTxoebis wesebis codna aucilebelia ara mxolod maTTvis, vinc<br />
Tavisi profesiuli saqmianobiT mWidrod aris <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli am problemebTan<br />
(maSvelebi, mexanZreebi, patruli, saswrafo <strong>da</strong>xmarebis eqimebi), aramed rigiTi<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mianebisTvisac. am sagnis Seswavla <strong>da</strong>gvexmareba miviRoT codna<br />
mosalodneli safrTxis Sesaxeb, kritikul situaciebSi viyoT fxizlad <strong>da</strong><br />
Tav<strong>da</strong>jerebulad, saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi ki _ vimoqmedoT. <br />
miznebi<br />
moswavleebma un<strong>da</strong> SeZlon:<br />
• Teoriuli codnis miReba yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi arsebuli safrTxeebis<br />
Sesaxeb;<br />
• saxifaTo situaciebSi moswavleTa qcevis codnisa <strong>da</strong> unaris formireba;<br />
• sagangebo situaciebis klasifikacia;<br />
• sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxis sagangebo situaciebSi mdgomareobis swori Sefasebis unari.<br />
cnebebi<br />
• safrTxe;<br />
• <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong>;<br />
• sagangebo situacia;<br />
• eqstremaluri situacia;<br />
• katastrofa;<br />
• teqnogenuri sagangebo situacia;<br />
• epidemia.<br />
saWiro dro<br />
erTi gakveTili.<br />
masalebi<br />
‣ savarjiSo1.1: moifiqre <strong>da</strong> Cawere!<br />
‣ savarjiSo1.2: testi.<br />
gakveTilis msvleloba<br />
1. Sesavali<br />
gakveTilis Temisa <strong>da</strong> miznebis <strong>da</strong>saxeleba. esaubreT moswavleebs sagnis<br />
swavlis mniSvnelobis Sesaxeb.<br />
7
gonebrivi ieriSi: <strong>da</strong>asaxeleT, rogori saxifaTo situaciebi SeiZleba Seiqmnas<br />
Cvens garSemo? ras ukavSirdebian isini?<br />
II. ZiriTadi nawili<br />
1. gansazRvreT cnebebi: safrTxe <strong>da</strong> <strong>usafrTxoeba</strong>, sagangebo situacia.<br />
- romeli saerTo niSnebi aqvs sagangebo situaciebis jgufs: miwisZvra,<br />
wyaldidoba, qariSxali <strong>da</strong> sxva?<br />
- ra ewodeba sagangebo situaciebis am jgufs? moswavleebs stiqiuri movlenebi<br />
naswavli aqvT geografiaSi. SexsenebiTi swavlebis gamoyenebiT maTTan erTad<br />
gaSaleT es Tema.<br />
- romeli saerTo niSnebi aqvs sagangebo situaciebis jgufs: afeTqeba,<br />
saavtomobilo avaria, avaria qimiur sawarmoSi? ra ewodeba sagangebo<br />
situaciebis am jgufs?<br />
- kidev romeli niSnebiT SeiZleba sagangebo situaciebis gansvaveba? (xanZari<br />
erT oTaxSi, xanZari mravalsarTulin SenobaSi).<br />
- gaakeTeT sagangebo situaciebis jgufebis klasifikacia;<br />
- <strong>da</strong>asaxeleT bunebrivi xasiaTis sagangebo situaciebi, teqnogenuri xasiaTis<br />
sagangebo situaciebi. romeli saSiSi faqtorebi aqvT maT? <strong>da</strong>asaxeleT maTgan<br />
<strong>da</strong>cvis saSualebebi anu sagangebo situaciebSi moqmedebis gegma.<br />
2. ganvsazRvroT zogierTi sagangebo situaciis saSiSi faqtorebi. ratom aris<br />
saSiSi miwisZvra? rogor ga<strong>da</strong>vrCeT miwisZvris dros Camongrevisgan? riT aris<br />
saSiSi xanZari SenobaSi? rogor <strong>da</strong>vicvaT Tavi xanZrisagan?<br />
3. sTxoveT moswavleebs <strong>da</strong>asaxelon sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxis sagangebo situaciebis<br />
gamomwvevi faqtorebi. <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>ajgufon isini <strong>da</strong>faze: sagangebo situaciebis I<br />
jgufi bunebrivi saxisaa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia ............................; sagangebo<br />
situaciebis II <strong>da</strong> III jgufi _teqnogenuri saxisaa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia<br />
....................................... <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />
4. sTxoveT moswavleebs TiToeul jgufs miuweron moqmedebis Tanmimdevroba<br />
(algoriTmi) skolaSi xanZris dros, tyeSi xanZris dros, wyaldidobis dros,<br />
qimiuri mowamvlis dros<br />
3. isaubreT, ra mizniT Seiqmna sagangebo situaciebis marTvis departamenti.<br />
ra aris misi mTavari amocanebi?<br />
4. <strong>da</strong>yaviT moswavleebi 3 jgufad <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>urigeT cxrili 1.<br />
sTxoveT moswavleebs jgufuri muSobiTa <strong>da</strong> erToblivi msjelobiT, Seavson<br />
cxrili #1. winaswar <strong>da</strong>amzadeT baraTebi. TiToeul jgufs saTiTaod <strong>da</strong>urigeT<br />
erTi baraTi. pasuxebi ganixileT erTad.<br />
8
sagangebo<br />
situaciebis<br />
jgufi<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebis<br />
saxeebi<br />
saSiSi<br />
faqtorebi<br />
moqmedebis gegma<br />
bunebrivi<br />
xasiaTis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
teqnogenuri<br />
xasiaTis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
ekologiuri saxis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
socialuri saxis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
Sevsebuli cxrili 1 (savaraudo pasuxebiT. Tumca, SesaZlebelia moswavleebs<br />
sxva magaliTebi hqondeT motanili).<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebis<br />
jgufi<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebis<br />
saxeebi<br />
saSiSi<br />
faqtorebi<br />
moqmedebis gegma<br />
bunebrivi<br />
xasiaTis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
teqnogenuri<br />
xasiaTis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
miwisZvra ngreva Ria sivrceSi gasvla.<br />
Tu saSualeba ar<br />
aris fanjrebisgan<br />
Sors dgoma; karis<br />
RiobSi, mzid<br />
kedelTan gaCereba.<br />
xanZari<br />
maRali<br />
temperatura,<br />
Senobis<br />
kvamliT avseba<br />
xanZris zoni<strong>da</strong>n<br />
xoxviT gamosvla;<br />
sasunTq organoebze<br />
sveli qovilis<br />
mifareba.<br />
ekologiuri saxis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
socialuri saxis<br />
sagangebo<br />
situaciebi<br />
haeris<br />
<strong>da</strong>binZureba<br />
ekonomikuri<br />
krizisi<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mianebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>snebovneba<br />
nargavebis<br />
ganaSenianeba, sufTa<br />
haerze xSiri yofna<br />
5. <strong>da</strong>yaviT klasi 3 jgufad.<br />
I jgufi: SeadgineT potenciurad saSiSi obieqtebis sia, romelic Tqvens<br />
sacxovrebel raionSi mdebareobs. miuTiTeT, romel sagangebo mdgomareobas<br />
SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT miTiTebuli obieqtebi. aRwereT moqmedebis<br />
Tanmimdevroba am sagangebo situaciebSi.<br />
9
II jgufi: SeadgineT bunebrivi sagangebo situaciebis CamonaTvali, romelic<br />
Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTeblia Tqveni sacxovrebeli adgilisTvis <strong>da</strong> aRwereT<br />
Tqveni qmedebebis Tanmimdevroba maTi warmoqmnisas.<br />
III jgufi: gamoikvlieT skolis Senoba, <strong>da</strong>adgineT saxifaTo adgilebi <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>axasiaTeT isini. rogor <strong>da</strong>icav Tavs, Tu skolaSi sagangebo situacia<br />
Seiqmneba?<br />
sTxoveT moswavleebs Sesrulebuli samuSao Seasrulon slaidebis saxiT an<br />
gaaformon teqsturi informaciis saxiT.<br />
<strong>da</strong>valebis Sesasruleblad gamoyaviT 2 kvira, romlis ganmavlobaSic gauwieT<br />
konsultaciebi jgufebs.<br />
<strong>da</strong>skvna<br />
nebismier situaciaSi saWiroa SiSisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>bneulobis ga<strong>da</strong>laxva <strong>da</strong><br />
Sinagani panikis <strong>da</strong>Zleva. es yvelaferi arasdros rom ar gamovcadoT,<br />
pirvelive gakveTili<strong>da</strong>n gaviTavisoT usafrTxo qcevis ZiriTadi wesi:<br />
• nu miecemi panikas! (gakveTilebSi mocemuli usafrTxoebis wesebze saubari<br />
swored am mowodebiT iwyeba. mTavri nebismier eqtremalur situaciaSi aris<br />
swored sakuTari SiSis <strong>da</strong> panikis <strong>da</strong>Zleva <strong>da</strong> safrTxesTan gamklaveba);<br />
• gansazRvre safrTxe!<br />
• SeZlebis<strong>da</strong>gvarad airide igi!<br />
• mzad iyavi safrTxesTan Sesaxvedrad!<br />
• saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi _ imoqmede!<br />
<strong>da</strong>skvna<br />
zogierTi mniSvnelovani momentis gameorebiT SeajameT gakveTili:<br />
1. rogr fiqrobT, gamogadgebaT is codna, romelic dRes miiReT?<br />
2. rogor un<strong>da</strong> moiqce binaSi xanZris gaCenis SemTxvevaSi?<br />
3. Tqveni azriT, ratom ar SeiZleba xanZrisas sawolis qveS <strong>da</strong>malva?<br />
Sefaseba gamoiyeneT SemoTavazebuli situaciebi gakveTilis Sesajameblad im<br />
SemTxvevaSi, Tu gakveTilze dro rCeba. aRweril situaciebs met aqtualobas<br />
mianiWebs is, rom isini realurad mox<strong>da</strong> Cvens qveyanaSi.<br />
rekomen<strong>da</strong>cia: Tu sakmarisi dro ar aris, situaciebi SeiZleba gamoiyenoT<br />
codnis Sesamowmeblad momdevno gakveTilebze. aq ki SesaZlebelia, sTxovoT<br />
moswavleebs Seasrulon romelime savarjiSo.<br />
i esaxvedrad!<br />
saSinao <strong>da</strong>valeba<br />
rekomen<strong>da</strong>cia. gakveTilebi moicavs aqtivobebs. maswavlebels SeuZlia TviTon<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitos, romeli maTganze imuSaos klasSi, romeli misces moswavleebs<br />
saSinao <strong>da</strong>valebis saxiT an klasis SesaZleblobi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare aarCios maT<br />
Soris.<br />
savarjiSo 1.1. SeusabameT ganmartebas Sesabamisi termini. (pasuxebis<br />
Tanmimdevroba: 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 5, 6, 7).<br />
savarjiSo 1.2: (1- b; 2- b; 3- d; 4- a; 5- a, g; 6- g; 7- a; 8- a; 9- d; 10- g; 11- a; 12- g;<br />
13- d; 14- b; 15- a, b, g, d).<br />
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