qarTuli
qarTuli
qarTuli
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nino gordelaZe<br />
TinaTin kuxianiZe<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong><br />
ena da literatura<br />
me-3 klasi<br />
maswavleblis wigni
nino gordelaZe<br />
TinaTin kuxianiZe<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> ena da literatura<br />
me-3 klasi<br />
maswavleblis wigni<br />
meore gamocema, Tbilisi, 2011<br />
koncefciis avtori: bakur sulakauri<br />
redaqtori: rusudan gorgaZe<br />
ISBN 978-9941-403-44-6<br />
© bakur sulakauris gamomcemloba, 2008<br />
yvela ufleba daculia<br />
Sps `bakur sulakauris gamomcemloba~<br />
aRmaSeneblis 150, Tbilisi<br />
tel.: 910954, 911165<br />
el. fosta: info@sulakauri.ge<br />
www. sulakauri.ge<br />
Georgian 3<br />
Teacher’s Book<br />
© Bakur Sulakauri Publishing, 2008<br />
Tbilisi, Georgia
sarCevi<br />
Sesavali 4<br />
moswavlis wigni da misi struqtura 4<br />
audiodiski da misi teqstebi 6<br />
damatebiTi savarjiSoebisa da testebis rveuli 6<br />
didaqtikuri TamaSebi 7<br />
I gakveTilis nimuSi gamocanebi 8<br />
II gakveTilis nimuSi anbani 11<br />
III gakveTilis nimuSi gramatika 14<br />
IV gakveTilis nimuSi zRapari 17<br />
V gakveTilis nimuSi gramatika 20<br />
VI gakveTilis nimuSi sainformacio xasiaTis teqsti 23<br />
VII gakveTilis nimuSi Canaweris mosmena 26<br />
VIII gakveTilis nimuSi gramatika 29<br />
IX gakveTilis nimuSi igavi 32<br />
X gakveTilis nimuSi leqsis swavleba 35<br />
XI gakveTilis nimuSi komiqsi Temaze _ saxelis bruneba 38<br />
XII gakveTilis nimuSi sainformacio xasiaTis teqsti 41<br />
danarTi (weriTi davalebebis Sefasebis sqemebi) 44<br />
moswavlis rveulSi moTavsebuli testebis pasuxebi da<br />
qulebis raodenoba 48<br />
mosasmeni teqstebi 51<br />
standarti 63<br />
miznebis ruka 66
Sesavali<br />
winamdebare saxelmZRvanelo erTgvarad agrZelebs amave gamomcemlobis wigns meoreklaselTaTvis<br />
– `<strong>qarTuli</strong> ena da literatura 2~. is Seqmnilia axali erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmis mixedviT da gaTvaliswinebulia 204 sagakveTilo saaTze (34 saswavlo kvira).<br />
saxelmZRvanelo ramdenime komponentisagan Sedgeba:<br />
moswavlis wigni<br />
maswavleblis wigni<br />
moswavlis rveuli<br />
audiodiski<br />
moswavlis wigni da misi struqtura<br />
moswavlis wigni mesame klasis saxelmZRvanelos ZiriTadi komponentia. saxelmZRvanelos<br />
agebis safuZveli, iseve rogorc wina klasebSi, amjeradac masalis Tematuri mowesrigebaa,<br />
rac imas niSnavs, rom saxelmZRvanelos yoveli Tavi (sul 12 Tavia) erTi konkretuli Temis<br />
da am Temaze Seqmnili sxvadasxva tipis nawarmoebebis (SemecnebiTi da mxatvruli) Seswavlas<br />
eTmoba. sul 12 Temaa, zog Temas ori kvira EeTmoba, zogs _ sami, oTxi an xuTi; jamurad _ 34<br />
kvira (igulisxmeba, rom Temebis raodenoba odnav naklebia saswavlo dReebis mTlian maqsimalur<br />
raodenobaze, raTa maswavlebels ramdenime saaTi TadariGgSi hqondes).<br />
Temebis ganawileba Tavebisa da kvirebis mixedviT aseTia:<br />
Tavi 1 wigni 3 kvira (18 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 2 cxovelebi wignebSi 4 kvira (24 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 3 Zala erTobaSia 2 kvira (12 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 4 sakvirveli ambebi 3 kvira (18 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 5 Cven da buneba 5 kvira (30 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 6 samSoblo 2 kvira (12 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 7 kargi da cudi 3 kvira (18 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 8 saxaliso ambebi 3 kvira (18 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 9 saqme 2 kvira (12 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 10 adamiani igonebs da qmnis 3 kvira (18 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 11 ojaxi 2 kvira (12 saaTi)<br />
Tavi 12 erTi kacis Tavgadasavali 2 kvira (12 saaTi)<br />
yoveli Tavis dasawyisSi calke gverdze moTavsebulia Tavis nomeri, saTauri, saTanado<br />
naxati da andazebi an leqsebi, romlebic am Temas Seesabameba. es gverdi erTgvari Sesavali<br />
saubrisaTvis gamoiyeneba.<br />
yoveli Tavi moicavs teqstebs, gramatikul masalas, Teoriul sakiTxebs, agreTve,<br />
Semajamebel savarjiSoebs.<br />
4
teqstebi<br />
saxelmZRvaneloSi Setanilia moTxrobebi, zRaprebi, miTebi, legendebi, igav-arakebi,<br />
leqsebi, enciklopediur-SemecnebiTi xasiaTis teqstebi.<br />
saxelmZRvanelos teqstebi SerCeulia ramdenime niSniT: 1) Seesabamebodes Temas; 2)<br />
gaaCndes mxatvruli (an _ SemecnebiTi) Rirebuleba; 3) Seesabamebodes moswavleTa asakobriv<br />
Taviseburebebs; 4) asaxuli iyos is enobriv-gramatikuli momentebi, romlebic<br />
Sesabamis TavSi Seiswavleba.<br />
am teqstebis umetesi wili <strong>qarTuli</strong> klasikuri literaturaa. aris ramdenime gadmoqar-<br />
Tulebuli moTxroba, magram vinaidan isini revaz inaniSvilis mieraa gadmoRebuli qarTulad,<br />
faqtobrivad originalur nawarmoebebs warmoadgens.<br />
wignis yovel teqsts mosdevs davalebaTa bloki. ZiriTadad 4 tipis davaleba gvxvdeba:<br />
1. aseTi simboloTi aRniSnulia teqstTan dakavSirebuli SekiTxvebi.<br />
SekiTxvebi isea SerCeuli, rom maswavlebeli iolad mixvdes, rogor gaiges<br />
moswavleebma teqsti.<br />
2. aseTi simboloTi aRniSnulia SekiTxvebi, romlebze pasuxis gasacemadac<br />
kidev erTxelaa saWiro wignSi saWiro adgilis moZieba da wakiTxulis gaazreba.<br />
es davalebebi wyvilebSi samuSaodac SeiZleba gamoiyenoT.<br />
3. aseTi simboloTi aRniSnulia davalebebi, romlebSic moswavleebs dasmul<br />
sakiTxebze TavianTi azris gadmocema moeTxovebaT. zogierTi savarjiSo jgufuri<br />
muSaobisTvisaa gansazRvruli. jgufur muSaobas sul ramdenime wuTi<br />
eTmoba. TiToeul jgufSi 3-5 moswavle unda iyos.<br />
4. aseTi simboloTi aRniSnulia werilobiTi davalebebi. nawili klasSive<br />
sruldeba, danarCeni saSinao davalebad eZlevaT.<br />
aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom me-3 klasSi moswavleebi e.w. calxazian rveulSi iwyeben<br />
weras. wignSi mocemuli weriTi davalebebi sruldeba amisaTvis specialurad gamoyofil<br />
calxazian rveulebSi. amas garda, saxelmZRvanelos erT-erTi komponenti rveulicaa (mis<br />
Sesaxeb ix. qvemoT).<br />
absoluturad yvela teqsti ilustrirebulia feradad, bavSvisaTvis gasagebi, saxaliso<br />
suraTebiT. teqstebi specialurad SerCeuli, advilad aRsaqmeli, kargad sakiTxavi<br />
SriftiTaa awyobili.<br />
SemecnebiTi teqstebis absoluturi umravlesoba iakob gogebaSvils ekuTvnis. es moTxrobebi<br />
Tanamedrove saliteraturo normebis mixedviTaa redaqtirebuli.<br />
iseve, rogorc wina klasebis saxelmZRvaneloebSi, aqac uzarmazari roli eniWeba leqsikaze<br />
muSaobas. savaraudod, ucnobi leqsikuri erTeulebi teqstebTanve, arSiebzea ganmartebuli.<br />
es ar niSnavs, rom sxva sityvebze yuradReba ar gamaxvildes. leqsikuri savarjiSoebi<br />
uxvadaa davalebaTa blokebSi da Semajamebeli savarjiSoebis gverdebze. wina klasebisagan<br />
erTi mcire gansxvaveba isaa, rom amjerad meti yuradReba eTmoba zmnas.<br />
Teoriuli sakiTxebi<br />
yovel TavSi Setanilia garkveuli Teoriuli masala. cxadia, mizani is ki ar aris, rom<br />
bavSvebs es mcire Teoriuli teqstebi davazuTxinoT, aramed is, rom moswavles SeeZlos,<br />
SeZenili codna praqtikulad gamoiyenos. magaliTad, XII TavSi Semodis personaJis cneba. ar<br />
aris aucilebeli Sesabamisi teqstualuri masalis zepirad an Tundac TxrobiT daswavla.<br />
mTavaria, moswavlem SeZlos wakiTxulis gaazreba, Semdeg ki savarjiSoebis Sesruleba da<br />
SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema.<br />
5
gramatika<br />
swavlebis mizania, moswavleebs Seuqmnas aucilebeli baza mSobliuri enis gramatikis<br />
dasaufleblad. amasTanave swavlebis procesSi mudmivad unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
moswavlis asakobrivi fsiqikuri Taviseburebani. amitomac aucilebelia masalis miwodeba<br />
garkveuli TanamimdevrobiT. SerCeuli masala emyareba im codnas, romelic moswavles,<br />
rogorc enis praqtikul momxmarebels, ukve aqvs.<br />
8-9 wlis bavSvs ukve gavlili aqvs mSobliuri enis aTvisebis adreuli da skolamdeli<br />
etapebi, mocemuli asakisTvis flobs (ra Tqma unda, met-naklebi SezRudvebiT) enobriv<br />
sistemas: ZiriTadad sworad iyenebs (fonetika-fonologiuri, morfologiuri, sintaqsuri)<br />
enobriv erTeulebs; aqvs garkveuli leqsika da praqtikulad dauflebulia semantikur<br />
aspeqtebs – iyenebs analogias, akeTebs martiv etimologiebs, flobs sityvaTSeTanxmebis<br />
modelebs. swavlebis mizania am codnis gamovlena – gacnobiereba, misi obieqtivacia.<br />
amgvari midgoma gaaadvilebs ara mxolod gramatikuli masalis aTvisebas, aramed Tavidan<br />
agvacilebs zedmet sirTuleebs, romlebic swavlebisas SeiZleba gaCndes. Cven SevecadeT<br />
mecnieruli gramatikis rTuli cnebiTi sistemis erTgvarad gamartivebiT bavSvi migveaxlovebina<br />
gramatikuli faqtis gacnobierebasTan.<br />
imis gamo, rom calkeuli sityvebi maTi formacvalebadobis SeswavlaSi arafris momcemia<br />
bavSvebisTvis, maT sityvebi eZlevaT winadadebaSi, raTa semantika daexmaros maT enis<br />
formaluri niSnebis aRmoCenasa da dauflebaSi. jerjerobiT moswavleebs ar vacnobT yvela<br />
gramatikul termins. magaliTad, saxelis brunebis gacnobisas maswavlebeli savarjiSodan<br />
iRebs jer pirvel winadadebas, qveS miuwers meore winadadebas da a. S. rodesac Svidive<br />
winadadeba daiwereba, bavSvebi Tavidan bolomde CaikiTxaven maT. maT unda aRiqvan sistema<br />
mTlianad da yuradReba miaqcion brunvis niSnebis cvalebadobas.<br />
gramatikis swavlebis saxelmZRvaneloSi aRwerili midgoma agrZelebs wina klasis saxelmZRvanelos<br />
tradicias, rac imaSi mdgomareobs, rom wina planze wamoweulia praqtikuli<br />
gramatikis sakiTxebi. magaliTad, rodesac vaswavliT arsebiTi saxelis brunebas, amas<br />
vakeTebT ara abstraqtulad, aramed winadadebis konteqstSi. aseTi midgomiT moswavle<br />
praqtikulad eufleba saxelis brunebas, mas SeuZlia konkretuli saxelis Casma yvela brunvaSi,<br />
magram jerjerobiT ar vaswavliT brunvaTa dasaxelebebs (es me-4 klasis saqmea).<br />
gramatikuli masala yovelTvis calke gverdzea moTavsebuli. gverds zeda zolze<br />
miTiTebuli aqvs rubrika `gramatika~ da Sesabamisi sakiTxis saTauri.<br />
araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba gramatikis gverdze mocemuli Teoriuli masalis bavSvebisaTvis<br />
dasaswavlad micema. amis rols specialuri savarjiSoebi asrulebs. garda amisa,<br />
yoveli Tavis bolo gverdi erTgvar Semajamebel savarjiSoTa gverds warmoadgens, sadac<br />
Seswavlili gramatikuli masalis gameoreba-ganmtkiceba xdeba.<br />
audiodiski da misi teqstebi<br />
wignis yovel TavSi aseTi niSniT gamoyofilia TiTo saTauri.<br />
am dros wignis meore komponenti _ audiodiski gamoiyeneba. diskze Cawerilia 12 nawarmoebis<br />
audioversia. TiToeuli maTganis mosmenas da analizs calke gakveTili eTmoba (ix.<br />
qvemoT, gakveTilebis aRweraSi, gakveATili saTauriT `Canaweris mosmena~). diskze Cawerili<br />
nawarmoebebis beWduri versia maswavleblis wignSicaa moTavsebuli.<br />
am aqtivobebis mizania zepirmetyvelebis unarebis ganviTareba. unda aRiniSnos, rom mosmenis<br />
unarebis ganviTarebis es meTodi saqarTveloSi siaxles warmoadgens. amave dros, didi<br />
mravalferovneba Seaqvs saswavlo procesSi.<br />
moswavlis rveuli<br />
saxelmZRvanelos axlavs specialurad Seqmnili rveuli. rveulis sawyisi gverdebi bavSvebisaTvis<br />
axali, e.w. calxaziani badis dauflebas eTmoba. momdevno gverdebze moTavsebulia<br />
damatebiT savarjiSoTa mTeli sistema, rac gaRrmavebuli swavlebisTvisaa gankuTvnili.<br />
aqve aris Semajamebeli testebic _ sul 4 testi. maTi daxmarebiT wlis bolos SegviZlia<br />
SevamowmoT, ramdenad kargad aiTvises moswavleebma ganvlili masala.<br />
6
avtorebisgan Targmnili nawarmoebebis Sesaxeb<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> originaluri sabavSvo mwerlobis nimuSebTYan erTad, saxelmZRvaneloSi<br />
Setanilia bisetis Cinebuli sabavSvo prozidan ramdenime nawarmoebi, romelTac gansakuTrebul<br />
xibls sZens isic, rom gadmoqarTulebulia revaz inaniSvilis mier.<br />
kolegebo, TqvenTvis cnobilia, rom saymawvilo nawarmoebebis Targmna iakob gogebaSvilisTvis<br />
ucxo ar iyo. sxva rom araferi vTqvaT, misi cnobili `Txa da gigo~ naTargmnia,<br />
gadmoqarTulebulia.<br />
swored Tqveni, mSobliuri enis maswavleblis amocanaa patarebisTvis wignis, mxatvruli<br />
literaturi kiTxvis Seyvareba. am miznis misaRwevad, vfiqrobT, aucileblad unda SevarCoT<br />
msoflio sabavSvo mwerlobis is nimuSebi, romlebmac qarTveli mwerlebis interesi gamoiwvia<br />
da maT survili aRuZra, TavianT mSobliur enaze gadmoeTargmnaT isini. Targmani<br />
aviTarebs enas da diapazons ufarToebs literaturis swavlebas. amitomac Cvens saxelmZ-<br />
RvaneloSi lteraturis swavlebis kursi moicavs didwilad originalur teqstebs da<br />
naTargmni literaturis ramdenime TvalsaCino nimuSsac.<br />
didaqtikuri TamaSebi<br />
kiTxvis, werisa da zepirmetyvelebis ganviTarebisaTvis<br />
aqve gTavazobT ramdenime didaqtikur TamaSs, romelTa gamoyenebac gakveTilze Zalian<br />
sasargeblo iqneba rogorc saswavlo Sedegebis misaRwevad, aseve imisaTvis, rom saswavlo<br />
procesi saxaliso da Zaldautanebeli gaxdes.<br />
1. sityvebis moZebna<br />
maswavlebeli aZlevs klass 3 wuTs da moswavleebma unda moZebnon saxelmZRvaneloSi<br />
garkveuli raodenobis oTxasoiani (xuTasoiani da a.S.) sityva.<br />
2. sityvebis Sedgena<br />
maswavlebeli dafaze wers sityvas da moswavleebma furclebze damoukideblad unda<br />
SeZlon rac SeiZleba meti sityvis mofiqreba dawerili sityvis asoebis gamoyenebiT.<br />
3. grZeli sityva<br />
maswavlebeli dafaze dawers asoebs da moswavleebma am asoebis gamoyenebiT unda<br />
moifiqron rac SeiZleba grZeli sityva.<br />
4. marcvlebisgan sityvis Sedgena<br />
maswavlebeli dafaze wers marcvlebs da moswavleebma maTi gamoyenebiT unda Seadginon<br />
rac SeiZleba meti sityva.<br />
5. `gamoicani sityva!~<br />
dafaze daiwereba romelime sityvis pirveli da bolo asoebi, xolo Sua asoebis nacvlad<br />
tireebi (magaliTad, sityvis `saxli~ nacvlad iqneba s---i). moswavleebma rigrigobiT unda<br />
gamoicnon, romeli asoebi aklia. asaxeleben jer erT asos. Tu sworad gamoicno, tires adgilas<br />
iwereba aso, Tu vera _ Aaxali aso unda daasaxelos sxva moswavlem da a.S.<br />
6. amoSlili sityvebi<br />
ukve Seswavlili teqstidan maswavlebeli amoSlis yovel me-5 sityvas. bavSvebma unda<br />
gamoicnon, romeli sityvebia amoSlili.<br />
7. amoSlili marcvlebi<br />
ukve Seswavlili teqstidan maswavlebeli amoSlis yoveli sityvis bolo marcvals. bavSvebma<br />
unda gamoicnon, romeli marcvlebia amoSlili.<br />
7
Tavi I<br />
wigni<br />
gamocanebi<br />
nimuSi I<br />
(Seesabameba moswavlis wignis me-6 gverdi)<br />
gakveTilis etapebi:<br />
1. mosmena, kiTxva (5 wuTi)<br />
saxelmZRvaneloSi<br />
mocemuli gamocanebi:<br />
TeTri xnuli, Savi Tesli,<br />
Tesli mTesvels eubneba.<br />
(wigni)<br />
uenoa, magram uxmod<br />
bevri ram kargis mTqmelia,<br />
sulelis dawunebuli,<br />
Wkvianis sanatrelia.<br />
(wigni)<br />
misalmebis Semdeg, motivaciis mizniT, maswavlebeli moswavleebs<br />
`gaumxels~ erT uCveulo ambavs: maTi saxelmZRvanelos<br />
pirveli Tavi, pirvelive gakveTili gamocanebiT iwyeba.<br />
moswavleebi miiReben davalebas:<br />
_ wignSi ori gamocanaa. winaswar getyviT, rom am gamocanebs<br />
erTi da igive pasuxi aqvs. erTad wavikiTxoT. vinc pasuxs<br />
gamoicnobs, ar wamoiZaxos, baraTze (furcelze) daweros<br />
da sxvebsac daelodos.<br />
Semdeg mkafiod waikiTxavs orive teqsts; bavSvebs ki sTxovs,<br />
wignSi nawers Tvali gaadevnon.<br />
(jer-jerobiT ar vanawevrebT gamocanis mTlian Sinaarss. ar<br />
unda gamovikiTxoT, magaliTad, romelime sityvis pirdapiri Tu<br />
gadataniTi mniSvneloba; ar SevaCeroT yuradReba avtoris Sesaxeb).<br />
varianti I: savaraudod, gamocanebi erTmaneTs Seavsebs, bavSvebs<br />
saxelmZRvanelos am Tavis saTauric daexmareba da isini gamoicnoben, rom<br />
pasuxi wignia. aseve, mosalodnelia, zogma icodes kidec pirveli _ cnobili<br />
xalxuri gamocana.<br />
varianti II: bavSvebma pasuxi ver gamoicnes. am SemTxvevaSi maswavlebeli<br />
ar arRvevs `TamaSis wess~ da gamocaniTve miaxvedrebs maT pasuxs:<br />
_ is, rac Tqven win devs, am gamocanebis pasuxia.<br />
gakveTilis es monakveTi moicavs moswavlis mier sakuTari<br />
gamocdilebisa Tu codnis gamoyenebasac. bavSvi codnas an uSualod<br />
gamoavlens, an zogadad gamocanis specifikis codnasa da<br />
aRqmaSi Tavis gamocdilebas gamoiyenebs.<br />
2. wakiTxulis gaazreba; metyveleba (10 wuTi)<br />
viwyebT amocanebis analizs:<br />
8<br />
a) leqsikur maragze dayrdnobiT:<br />
vamowmebT, ician Tu ara moswavleebma pirveli gamocanis<br />
sakvanZo sityvebis (xnuli, Tesli) mniSvnelobebi.<br />
maswavlebeli ekiTxeba klass:<br />
_ am gamocanaSi gvxvdeba xnuli da Tesli; amaTgan romeli<br />
sityva ukavSirdeba miwas da romeli mcenares?<br />
Semdeg ki varkvevT am sityvaTa gadataniT mniSvnelobebs.<br />
maswavleblis SekiTxvebi:<br />
_ rogor fiqrobT, amaTgan romeli sityva gulisxmobs<br />
furcels da romeli _ asos?<br />
_waikiTxeT da daakvirdiT, romelma miniSnebam migvaxvedra,<br />
rom aq xnuli miwas ki ara, furcels niSnavs, Tesli ki<br />
asoebs? (TeTri _ Savi).<br />
_ Tu Tesli asoebia, sityva mTesveli vis gulisxmobs?<br />
(damwers/mkiTxvels; mas, visac asoebis dawera/ wakiTxva SeuZlia).
_ daakvirdiT pirvel gamocanas, kidev romeli sityva gvexmareba<br />
pasuxis gamocnobaSi? (eubneba).<br />
b) kritikuli Sefasebis unarze dayrdnobiT:<br />
vamowmebT, SeuZliaT Tu ara moswavleebs, ufro damoukideblad,<br />
naklebi daxmarebis gareSe gaaanalizon meore gamocana.<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
_ meore gamocanaSi romeli miniSnebebi, romeli sityvebi<br />
migvaxvedrebs pasuxs? kargad daakvirdiT pirvelsa da meore<br />
striqonebs da ipoveT miniSneba!<br />
bavSvebs gamovaTqmevinoT sakuTari versiebi.<br />
mosalodneli pasuxebi: 1. uenoa; 2. uxmod mTqmelia; 3. bevri ram kargis<br />
mTqmelia.<br />
_ romeli sityvebi migvaniSnebs, rom wigni codnas gva-<br />
Zlevs? (bevri ram kargis mTqmelia.)<br />
Semdeg sagangebo yuradReba mivaqcioT gamocanis meoTxe<br />
striqons (Wkvianis sanatrelia.)<br />
maswavlebeli:<br />
_ waikiTxeT meoTxe striqoni da Tqveni sityvebiT axseniT.<br />
sasurvelia, maswavlebelma gamoacxados `fiqris wuTebi~:<br />
yvela TavisTvis fiqrobs, rogor axsnas am striqonis Sinaarsi.<br />
mosalodneli pasuxebi: 1. Wkvians wigni Zalian uyvars; 2. Wkviani bevrs<br />
kiTxulobs...<br />
3. kiTxva (5 wuTi)<br />
SeaxseneT gamocanebi:<br />
davkar xmali,<br />
ar daaCnda kvali<br />
(wyali)<br />
midis, modis,<br />
iqave dgas<br />
(kari)<br />
vubrundebiT kiTxvas. gamoiyeneT amorCeviT kiTxvis strategia<br />
(erTi romelime fragmentis moZebna da wakiTxva):<br />
a) sTxoveT romelime moswavles, xmamaRla waikiTxos pirveli<br />
gamocanis meore striqoni.<br />
b) sxva moswavles sTxoveT, xmamaRla waikiTxos meore gamocanis<br />
meore striqoni.<br />
gamoiyeneT, aseve, strategia _ `eqo mkiTxveli~ : jer maswavlebeli<br />
kiTxulobs pirvel striqons, Semdeg imaves erTad xmamaRla<br />
kiTxuloben bavSvebi (eqo mkiTxvelebi), maswavlebeli waikiTxavs<br />
momdevno striqons, imaves waikiTxaven bavSvebi... kiTxvaSi aseTi<br />
varjiSi xels Seuwyobs gamocanebis daswavlasac.<br />
Semdeg sTxoveT moswavleebs, wignSi daakvirdnen gamocanebs<br />
da upasuxon Tqven mier dasmul SekiTxvebs:<br />
_ romeli gamocanaa leqsad gamoTqmuli? (meore).<br />
_ vis moufiqrebia es leqsi-gamocana? (akaki wereTels).<br />
_ pirveli gamocanac akaki wereTlis mogonilia? (ara,<br />
xalxuria).<br />
_ SegiZliaT, gaixsenoT kidev erTi <strong>qarTuli</strong> xalxuri gamocana?<br />
Tu gaxseneba gauZneldebaT, Tqven daexmareT.<br />
4. metyveleba (5 wuTi)<br />
moswavleebs SeaxseneT moTxroba `Txa da gigo~; rogor undoda<br />
gigos wignis kiTxviT Tavis gamoCena da sinamdvileSi ra SeemTxva<br />
mas.<br />
9
Semdeg sTxoveT bavSvebs, daukavSiron es moTxroba gamocanebs<br />
da moamzadon pasuxi SekiTxvaze _ rogori unda iyos namdvili<br />
mkiTxveli. gamoacxadeT `fiqris wuTebi~.<br />
mosalodneli pasuxi: namdvili mkiTxveli wigns siamovnebiT unda kiTxulobdes;<br />
bevr wigns unda kiTxulobdes; yuradRebiT unda kiTxulobdes;<br />
wignidan codnas iZendes...<br />
azrovnebis am process, blumis taqsonomiis mixedviT, misadageba<br />
ewodeba. moswavlem mcire daxmarebis Sedegad unda SeZlos<br />
ukve naswavli masalis sxva masalasTan misadageba, maTi Sejereba<br />
da axali azris gamokveTa.<br />
cxrilis nimuSi:<br />
vicodi<br />
gavige<br />
5. kiTxva, wakiTxulis gaazreba (5 wuTi)<br />
gamoacxadeT `kiTxvis wuTebi~ da sTxoveT moswavleebs, Cumad<br />
waikiTxon gverdis bolos mocemuli teqsti _ gamocana.<br />
kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg dafaze daxazeT mocemuli cxrili.<br />
hkiTxeT moswavleebs, ra ewera teqstSi iseTi, rac maT wakiTxvamde<br />
icodnen da pasuxebi cxrilis marcxena nawilSi CamowereT.<br />
Semdeg daazusteT, ra iyo maTTvis axali, ra gaiges iseTi, rac<br />
aqamde ar icodnen. pasuxi marjvena mxares CawereT.<br />
mosalodneli pasuxebi:<br />
vicodi: 1. gamocanas zogjer leqsad gamoTqvamen. 2. gamocanis pasuxi winaswar<br />
unda iyos Cafiqrebuli.<br />
gavige: gamoTqma _ gamocana gergeba!<br />
10<br />
gamocanebi baraTebze:<br />
gareT atlasi,<br />
SigniT aTasi.<br />
(broweuli)<br />
gamocanas mogaxseneb,<br />
didi araferiao,<br />
alag wiTel, alag yviTel,<br />
alag alisferiao.<br />
(xaliCa)<br />
wiTeli xaris naZovze<br />
balaxi aRar amodis.<br />
(cecxli)<br />
waukiTxeT gamocana:<br />
TeTri ram Savze daxtoda,<br />
stovebda TeTrsa kvalsao,<br />
kvalSive edga ymawvili,<br />
ar aSorebda Tvalsao.<br />
(dafa da carci)<br />
6. kiTxva da mosmena (10 wuTi)<br />
saxaliso TamaSi `gamocana gergeba~!<br />
a) winaswar gaamzadeT eqvsi baraTi; or baraTze erTi da igive<br />
gamocana unda eweros. ase rom, sul sami gamocana dagvWirdeba.<br />
CamowereT dafaze mxolod pasuxebi.<br />
dayaviT klasi eqvs gundad da maTgan or-ors (e. i. erTmaneTis<br />
metoqeebs) mieciT erTnairi baraTebi; gundma swori pasuxi unda<br />
SearCios, baraTzeve daweros da maswavlebels gadasces. im gunds,<br />
romelic swori pasuxis Cabarebas metoqes daaswrebs, gamocana<br />
ergeba (e. i. is am baraTis mflobeli xdeba).<br />
SeniSvna: Tu klasi didia da gundebad dayofa xmaurs gamoiwvevs,<br />
eqvsi moswavle SearCieT da klasis winaSe aTamaSeT.<br />
roca bavSvebi sakuTar adgilebTan dasxdebian, waikiTxeT da<br />
klasTan erTad ganixileT samive gamocana, gamoarkvieT, amaTgan<br />
romeli icodnen; maTi azriT, romelia Znelad gamosacnobi da a. S.<br />
b) eTamaSeT mTel klass. waukiTxeT maT akaki wereTlis kidev<br />
erTi gamocana da gamoavlineT, vis ergeba is:<br />
(Tu pasuxis gamocnoba gauZneldebaT, teqsti dafaze dawereT<br />
da miniSnebiT daexmareT).<br />
gakveTilis dasasruls CaaniSnineT moswavleebs wignSi mocemuli<br />
weriTi davaleba saxlSi Sesasruleblad. (gamoiyenon sityva<br />
wigni da Seadginon ori winadadeba. Seecadon, winadadebaSi ar<br />
iyos 5 sityvaze naklebi).
anbani<br />
wigni<br />
Tavi I<br />
(Seesabameba moswavlis wignis me-8-9 gverdi)<br />
nimuSi II<br />
mizani _ moswavlem unda gaigos, rom anbanSi asoebis Tanamimdevroba<br />
winaswar dadgenilia.<br />
gakveTilis etapebi:<br />
1. mosmena, metyveleba (3-5 wuTi)<br />
sTxoveT moswavleebs, gaixsenon, rogor mTavrdeba akaki wereTlis<br />
leqsis nawyveti, ra iTqva bolo striqonSi? (`pirveli<br />
aso aris a”).<br />
Semdeg ikiTxeT:<br />
_ ra aris am leqsis saTauri? (<strong>qarTuli</strong> anbani). aRniSneT, rom<br />
poeti bolo striqonSi, ra Tqma unda, anbans gulisxmobs, a qar-<br />
Tuli anbanis pirveli asoa.<br />
dasviT SekiTxva:<br />
_ <strong>qarTuli</strong>s garda, kidev romeli anbani iciT?<br />
mosalodnelia, rom bavSvebi romelime ucxo enis anbans gaixseneben.<br />
sTxoveT maTgan erT-erTs, gamovides dafasTan da gverdiT<br />
miuweros qarTul a-s Sesabamisi aso sxva anbanidan da warmoa-<br />
Cinos, rom isini erTmaneTisagan aSkarad gansxvavdeba.<br />
2. mosmena, kiTxva (5-10 wuTi)<br />
ganmarteT, rom anbanSi asoebi aucileblad garkveuli TanamimdevrobiT<br />
aris dalagebuli: e. i. asoebs Cvens nebaze ver CamovTvliT,<br />
anbanis yvela asos Tavisi adgili aqvs; es Tanamimdevroba<br />
ki sxvadasxva anbanSi sxvadasxvagvaria.<br />
dasviT SekiTxva:<br />
_ rogoria asoebis Tanamimdevroba qarTul anbanSi?<br />
am kiTxvaze pasuxis gasacemad gadaaSlevineT moswavleebs<br />
wignebi me-9 gverdze (saxaliso anbani).<br />
dasviT SekiTxvebi:<br />
_ romelia <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis pirveli aso; romeli sityviT<br />
gagvacnes saxaliso anbanSi pirveli aso?<br />
_ romelia <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis bolo aso; bolo asoze romeli<br />
sityva SearCies? (daazusteT, ician Tu ara moswavleebma am sityvis<br />
_ hipopotamis mniSvneloba. ganumarteT maT, rom hipopotami<br />
igive behemoTia. sasurvelia, es sityvebi dafazec daweroT).<br />
_ meramdene weria sityva beRura saxaliso anbanSi? kakabi<br />
romel adgilzea?<br />
_ pirvel svetSi ramdeni asoa? meoreSi? mesameSi?<br />
_ sul ramdeni asoa qarTul anbanSi?<br />
ganmarteT, rom sxvadasxva anbanSi asoebis raodenoba SeiZleba<br />
sxvadasxvagvari iyos. magaliTad, inglisurSi 28 asoa...<br />
3. wera, kiTxva (5 -10 wuTi)<br />
a) TanamimdevrobiT dawereT dafaze <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis ocdacametive<br />
aso (umjobesia horizontalurad: a b g d e v z T da a. S.)<br />
Semdeg sTxoveT moswavleebs, gadaTvalon dasawyisidan 18 aso da<br />
rveulSi Caweron.<br />
SeniSvna: moswavlis rveulSi, sadac dagegmilia calxazian<br />
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adeSi asoebis CaweraSi varjiSi, am droisaTvis anbanis 18 aso<br />
ukve aTvisebuli unda iyos).<br />
b) amuSaveT moswavleebi wyvilebSi: daavaleT maT, gacvalon<br />
rveulebi da Seumowmon erTmaneTs naweri: marTlac xom weria 18<br />
aso, emTxveva Tu ara asoebis Tanamimdevroba dafaze mocemuls.<br />
4. mosmena, kiTxva (5 wuTi)<br />
ganmarteT, rom anbanis yovel asos Tavisi sakuTari saxeli<br />
aqvs: rigSi pirvels hqvia an-i, momdevnos _ ban-i, Semdegia _ gani...<br />
ukanasknelia hae. es saxelebi dafazec CamowereT.<br />
dasviT SekiTxva:<br />
_ rogor fiqrobT, ratom daarqves <strong>qarTuli</strong> asoebis rigs<br />
anbani?<br />
mosalodnelia, rom bavSvebi amoicnoben pirveli da mere asoebis<br />
saxelTa naerTs.<br />
Semdeg sTxoveT moswavleebs, ipovon wignis me-8 gverdze teqsti<br />
saTauriT _ anbani _ da Cumad waikiTxon.<br />
Semdeg gamoiyeneT gagrZelebebiT kiTxvis strategia: mocemuli<br />
3 winadadebis Sesabamisad, monacvleobiT waakiTxeT teqsti 3<br />
moswavles. danarCenebma ki nawers Tvali gaadevnon.<br />
5. mosmena (3 wuTi)<br />
miaqcieT yuradReba mesame winadadebas:<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> anbani yvela sxva anbanisagan Zalian gansxvavdeba.<br />
SeaxseneT moswavleebs, rom am azris dasabuTeba <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis<br />
sxva anbanTan SedarebiT SegviZlia. wignSi mocemulia rusuli, inglisuri<br />
da berZnuli anbanis asoebi. es asoebi ara hgavs qarTuls<br />
da erTmaneTisaganac gansxvavebulia. CamowereT dafaze qarTul,<br />
rusul da inglisur anbanTa pirveli sami aso. waukiTxeT moswavleebs<br />
am sami sxvadasxva anbanis asoebi da miaqcevineT yuradReba,<br />
rom maTi Tanamimdevrobac sxvadasxvagvaria: qarTulSi mesamea<br />
g, rusulSi  _ (v) , inglisurSi _ C (s) . Semdeg <strong>qarTuli</strong>sa da<br />
berZnulis magaliTze anbanTa saxelebsac miaqcieT yuradReba:<br />
qarTuls anbani hqvia, berZnuls ki _ alfabeti, radgan alfa da<br />
beta berZnuli anbanis pirveli da meore asoebis saxelebia.<br />
6. mosmena, kiTxva, metyveleba (10 wuTi)<br />
12<br />
daubrundiT saxaliso anbans. dausviT klass SekiTxvebi:<br />
_ romeli sityviT gagvacnes anbanis mesame aso?<br />
_ romelia <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis meoTxe aso, romeli sityviT<br />
gagvacnes saxaliso anbanSi es aso?<br />
_ romelia <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis meeqvse aso, es aso romeli sityviT<br />
gagvacnes?<br />
_ meramdene weria sityva Tagvi saxaliso anbanSi?<br />
_ aso i (dawereT dafaze) romel adgilzea? romeli sityviT<br />
gagvacnes es aso?<br />
_ axseniT, ratom aris sityva lomi meTerTmete? (moswavlem<br />
unda ganmartos: imitom, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> anbanis rigSi aso, romli-<br />
Tac es sityva iwyeba, meTerTmetea).<br />
_ mimino romel adgilzea?<br />
_ axseniT, ratom aris sityva niangi mecamete?
_ meTxuTmete adgilze romeli cxoveli moxvda?<br />
_ saxaliso anbanSi spilosa da YJirafs Soris romeli romelze<br />
adre gvxvdeba? focxversa da turas Soris? qorsa da<br />
yanCas Soris? werosa da SaSvs Soris? Zerasa da xvliks Soris?<br />
sagangebod CamowereT dafaze sityvebi: 1. SaSvi da wero;<br />
2. Zera da xvliki. sityvaSi SaSvi pirvel asos xazi gausviT da<br />
dasviT SekiTxva: meramdenea SaSvi saxaliso anbanSi? sityvaSi<br />
wero pirvel asos xazi gausviT da dasviT SekiTxva: wero meramdenea<br />
anbanSi? analogiurad daamuSaveT Z _ x asoebis Sesabamisi<br />
sityvebic.<br />
7. wera, kiTxva (3-5 wuTi)<br />
a) mieciT klass weriTi davaleba:<br />
_ amoiwereT anbanis meoTxe, mexuTe, meeqvse da mecxre asoebi;<br />
ra sityva gamogvivida? (devi).<br />
b) SeamowmeT moswavleTa leqsikuri maragi: gamoiyeneT Cumi<br />
kiTxvis strategia; sTxoveT bavSvebs, dakvirvebiT waikiTxon<br />
saxaliso anbani anidan haemde da aRniSnon, xom ar aris CamonaTvalSi<br />
iseTi sityva, romlis mniSvneloba ar ician.<br />
SesaZlebelia, ucnob sityvaTa ricxvSi aRmoCndes: erkemali<br />
(mamali cxvari), raSi (mSvenieri da swrafi cxeni, gvxvdeba qar-<br />
Tul zRaprebSi), ulayi (mamali cxeni).<br />
gakveTilis dasaruls CaaniSnineT moswavleebs wignSi mocemuli<br />
weriTi davaleba saxlSi Sesasruleblad (amoiwere anbanis mexuTe,<br />
meSvide da meToTxmete asoebi). garda amisa, daavaleT maT,<br />
Seasrulon moswavlis rveulSi mocemuli davaleba: calxazian<br />
badeSi t, u, f, q, R, y asoebis Cawera.<br />
13