THIRU VAGUPPU - Skandagurunatha.org

¾¢Õîº¢üÈõÀÄõ Thiruchitrambalam 

‚ «Õ½¸¢Ã¢¿¡¾÷ ÍÅ¡Á¢¸û «ÕÇ¢î¦ºö¾ Sri Arunagirinaathar Swaamigal’s 

¾¢ÕÅÌôÒ Thiru Vaguppu 

Sri Arunagirinaathar Swaamigal’s 

THIRU VAGUPPU 

English meaning by 

Transliteration by 

Pranavan Sinmayanandan 

Prepared by 

Pranavan Sinmayanandan 

sinmayp@yahoo.com 

Published for the World Wide Web (WWW) by 

Skandagurunatha.org – 

Bhagavan Sri Skanda’s Divine Online Abode 

(Home to the Warriors of Light – 

Ushers of the new age of God) 

Copyright © Skandagurunatha.org, 2007. 

http://www.skandagurunatha.org 

By N.V. Karthikeyan 

Sri Arunagirinaathar Swaamigal's 

THIRU VAGUPPU 

Thiru Vaguppu is a work with 25 sections, each one 

specially devoted to portray the greatness of the different 

aspects of or matters connected with the Lord — His Feet, 

His devotees, His principal weapon (Vel), His consort Valli, 

His twelve divine hands, His eye's grace-glance, 

Arunagirinathar's Thiruppugal, etc. Unlike the other works, 

since each section deals with a particular object, it is called 

Thiru Vaguppu. Vaguppu means "section" or "a group of 

verses" and Thiru means "Divine" or "pertaining to the 

Divine." 

It is held by many that the first 18 sections are only 

Arunagirinathar's and that the remaining sections are later 

interpolations. The noteworthy feature of this work is that 

there is no mention about sex and fear of death, which two 

subjects are to be seen invariable in all the other works of 

Arunagirinathar. Hence, many are of the opinion that this 

work should have been given by Arunagirinathar after 

becoming the parrot. 

Saint Thayumanavar clearly says, "Kanthar Anubhuthi 

Petru Kanthar Anubhuthi Sonna." 

(Meaning: The Kanthar Anubhuthi which was given after attaining Anubhuthi or direct Experience of Lord 

Skanda) 

Source: http://www.skandagurunatha.org/works/thiruvaguppu/ Page 1 of 93 

For personal use only. Commercial use is strictly prohibited. Copyright © Skandagurunatha.org, 2007.




‚ «Õ½¸¢Ã¢¿¡¾÷ ÍÅ¡Á¢¸û «ÕÇ¢î¦ºö¾ 

¾¢ÕÅÌôÒ 

1 º£÷À¡¾ ÅÌôÒ 

2 §¾§Åó¾¢Ã ºí¸ ÅÌôÒ 

3 §Åø ÅÌôÒ 

4 ¾¢Õ§Å¨Çì¸¡Ãý ÅÌôÒ 

5 ¦ÀÕò¾ ÅºÉ ÅÌôÒ 

6 â¾ §Å¾¡Ç ÅÌôÒ 

7 ¦À¡Õ¸Çò ¾Ä¨¸ ÅÌôÒ 

8 ¦ºÕì¸Çò ¾Ä¨¸ ÅÌôÒ 

9 §À¡÷ì¸Çò ¾Ä¨¸ ÅÌôÒ 

10 ¾¢Õ»¡É §ÅÆ ÅÌôÒ 

11 ¾¢Õì¨¸Â¢ø ÅÆì¸ ÅÌôÒ 

12 §ÅÊîº¢ ¸¡ÅÄý ÅÌôÒ 

13 §ºÅ¸ý ÅÌôÒ 

14 §ÅøÅ¡íÌ ÅÌôÒ 

15 ÒÂ ÅÌôÒ 

16 º¢òÐ ÅÌôÒ 

17 ¸¨¼ì¸½¢Âø ÅÌôÒ 

18 º¢Å§Ä¡¸ ÅÌôÒ 

19 ÁÂ¢ø ÅÌôÒ 

20 ¦¸¡Ö ÅÌôÒ 

21 Å£ÃÅ¡û ÅÌôÒ 

22 º¢Å¸¢¡¢ ÅÌôÒ 

23 ¾¢Õî¦ºó¾¢ø ÅÌôÒ 

24 ¾¢ÕôÀÆ¿¢ ÅÌôÒ 

25 ¾¢ÕôÀÃí¸¢¡¢ ÅÌôÒ 






1. º£÷À¡¾ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

ˉ¾¾¢Â¢¨¼ ¸¼×ÁÃ ¸¾ÅÕ½ ÌÄÐÃ¸ 

×ÀÄÇ¢¾ ¸É¸Ã¾ ...... º¾§¸¡Ê Ý¡¢Â÷¸û 1 

ˉ¾Â¦ÁÉ «¾¢¸Å¢¾ ¸ÄÀ¸¸ ÁÂ¢Ä¢ýÁ¢¨º 

Ô¸ÓÊÅ¢ý þÕÇ¸Ä ...... ´Õ§º¡¾¢ Å£ÍÅÐõ 2 

ˉ¼ÖÓ¼ ÖÂ¢Õ¿¢¨Ä ¦ÀÕ¾ø¦À¡Õ ¦ÇÉ×Ä¸ 

¦Á¡ÕÅ¢ÅÕ ÁÑÀÅÉ ...... º¢Å§Â¡¸ º¡¾¨ÉÂ¢ø 3 

´ØÌÁÅ÷ À¢È¢ÐÀÃ ÅºÁÆ¢Â Å¢Æ¢¦ºÕ¸¢ 

Ô½÷×Å¢Æ¢ ¦¸¡Î¿¢Â¾¢ ...... ¾ÁàÎ ¿¡ÎÅÐõ 4 

ˉÕ¦ÅÉ× ÁÕ¦ÅÉ× ÓÇ¦¾É× Á¢Ä¦¾É× 

ÓÆÖÅÉ ÀÃºÁÂ ...... ¸¨ÄÂ¡Ã Å¡ÃÁÈ 5 

ˉ¨ÃÂÅ¢Æ ×½÷ÅÅ¢Æ ×ÇÁÅ¢Æ ×Â¢ÃÅ¢Æ 

×ÇÀÊ¨Â Ô½ÕÁÅ ...... ÃÑâ¾¢ Â¡ÉÐ×õ 6 

ˉÈ×Ó¨È Á¨ÉÅ¢Á¸ ¦ÅÛÁ¨ÄÂ¢ ¦ÄÉ¾¢¾Â 

×Õ×¨¼Â ÁÄ¢ÉÀÅ ...... ºÄÃ¡º¢ §ÂÈÅ¢Îõ 7 

ˉÚÒ¨½Ô ÁÈ¢Ó¸Ó ÓÂÃÁÃ÷ Á½¢ÓÊÂ¢ø 

ˉ¨ÈÅÐ× Ó¨ÄÅ¢ÄÐ ...... ÁÊ§Âý Á§É¡Ã¾Óõ 8 

þ¾Æ¢¦ÅÌ Ó¸¸¸É ¿¾¢ÂÚÌ ¾Ú¸½Ã 

þÁ¸¢Ã½ ¾Õ½×Î ...... À¾¢§º÷ º¼¡Á×Ä¢ 9 

þ¨ÈÁ¸¢Æ ×¨¼Á½¢¦Â¡ ¼½¢º¸Ä Á½¢¸¦ÄÉ 

þ¨ÁÂÁÂ¢ø ¾Ø×¦Á¡Õ ...... ¾¢ÕÁ¡÷À¢ Ä¡ÎÅÐõ 10 

þ¨ÁÂÅ÷¸û ¿¸¡¢Ä¢¨È ÌÊÒÌ¾ ¿¢Õ¾÷ÅÂ¢ 

¦È¡¢ÒÌ¾ ×Ã¸÷À¾¢ ...... «À¢§„¸ Á¡Â¢ÃÓõ 11 

±ØÀ¢ÄÓ ¦¿Ú¦¿¦ÈÉ ÓÈ¢ÂÅ¼ ÌÅÊÊÂ 

þ¨ÇÂ¾Ç÷ ¿¨¼ÀÆ¸¢ ...... Å¢¨ÇÂ¡¼ø ÜÕÅÐõ 12 

þÉ¢Â¸É¢ ¸¼¨ÄÀÂ ¦È¡ÊÂø¦À¡¡¢ ÂÓÐ¦ºÔõ 

þÄÌ¦ÅÌ ¸¼Å¢¸¼ ...... ¾¼À¡Ã §ÁÕ×¼ý 13 

þ¸Ä¢ÓÐ ¾¢¸¢¡¢¸¢¡¢ ¦¿¡¢ÂÅ¨Ç ¸¼ø¸¾È 

±ØÒÅ¢¨Â ¦Â¡Õ¦¿¡ÊÂ¢ø ...... ÅÄÁ¡¸ §Å¡ÎÅÐõ 14 

±ÚÆ¢ÒÄ¢ ¸ÃÊÂ¡¢ ¸¡¢¸¼¨Á ÅÕ¨¼Ô¨Æ 

Â¢Ã¨ÄÁ¨Ã Â¢Ã×À¸ø ...... þ¨Ã§¾÷¸ ¼¡¼Å¢Â¢ø 15 

±Â¢É¡¢Î Á¢¾½¾É¢ø þÇÌ¾¢¨É ¸¢Ç¢¸ÊÂ 

þÉ¢ÐÀÂ¢ø º¢ÚÁ¢ÅÇ÷ ...... ÒÉÁ£ ÐÄ¡×ÅÐõ 16 






Ó¾ÄÅ¢¨É ÓÊÅ¢Ä¢Õ À¢¨È¦ÂÂ¢Ú ¸Â¢Ú¦¸¡Î 

ÓÐÅ¼¨Å Å¢Æ¢ÍÆÄ ...... ÅÕ¸¡Ä à¾÷¦¸¼ 17 

ÓÎÌÅÐõ «Õ¦½È¢Â¢ø ˉ¾×ÅÐõ ¿¢¨ÉÔÁ¨Å 

ÓÊÂÅÕ ÅÐÁÊÂ÷ ...... À¨¸§¸¡Ê º¡ÎÅÐõ 18 

¦Á¡Ì¦Á¡¦¸É ÁÐÀÓÃø ÌÃ×Å¢Ç Å¢ÉÐÌÚ 

ÓÈ¢ÔÁÄ÷ ÅÌÇ¾Ç ...... ÓØ¿£Ä ¾£ÅÃÓõ 19 

ÓÕÌ¸Áú ÅÐÁ¸¢Ä Ó¾ý¨Á¾Õ ÅÐõÅ¢Ã¾ 

Ó¿¢Å÷¸Õ ¾¡¢Â¾Å ...... ÓÂøÅ¡÷ ¾§À¡ÀÄÓõ 20 

ÓÕ¸ºÃ Å½Á¸Ç¢÷ «ÚÅ÷Ó¨Ä Ñ¸ÕÁÚ 

Ó¸ÌÁÃ ºÃ½¦ÁÉ ...... «ÕûÀ¡Ê Â¡ÊÁ¢¸ 21 

¦Á¡Æ¢ÌÆÈ «ØÐ¦¾¡Ø ÐÕÌÁÅ÷ Å¢Æ¢ÂÕÅ¢ 

ÓØÌÅÐõ ÅÕ¸¦ÅÉ ...... «¨ÈÜÅ¢ Â¡ÙÅÐõ 22 

ÓÊÂÅÆ¢ ÅÆ¢ÂÊ¨Á ¦ÂÛÓ¡¢¨Á ÂÊ¨ÁÓØ 

ÐÄ¸È¢Â ÁÆ¨Ä¦Á¡Æ¢ ...... ¦¸¡ÎÀ¡Îõ ¬Í¸Å¢ 23 

ÅÕ¸Õ¨½ ÅÃ¾É¢¸ø þÃ½¢Â¨É Ñ¾¢Ô¸¢¡¢ý 

Å¸¢ÕÁ¼ Ä¡¢ÅÊ× ...... ÌÈÇ¡¸¢ Á¡ÀÄ¢¨Â 26 

ÅÄ¢Âº¢¨È Â¢¼¦ÅÇ¢Â¢ý Ó¸Î¸¢Æ¢ À¼ÓÊÂ 

ÅÇÕÓ¸¢ø ¿¢Õ¾É¢Õ ...... ÀÐÅ¡Ì â¾ÃÓõ 27 

ÁÌ¼¦Á¡Õ ÀÐÓÈ¢Â «ÎÀ¸Æ¢ Å¢ÎÌ¡¢º¢ø 

ÁÕ¸É¢º¢ ºÃ÷¾ÇÓõ ...... ÅÕ¾¡Ã ¸¡ÍÃÛõ 28 

ÁÊÂÁ¨Ä À¢Ç×À¼ Á¸ÃºÄ ¿¢¾¢ÌÚ¸¢ 

ÁÚ¸¢Ó¨È Â¢¼ÓÉ¢Ôõ ...... ÅÊ§ÅÄ É£Ä¸¢¡¢ 29 

ÁÕ×ÌÕ À¾¢ÔÅ¾¢ ÀÅ¾¢À¸ Å¾¢ÁÐÃ 

ÅºÉ¢ÀÂ¢ ÃÅ¢¸×¡¢ ...... Ô¨ÁÂ¡ûò¡¢ ÝÄ¾¡¢ 30 

Å¿¨ºÁÐ À¾¢ÂÁ¨Ä Å¢º¨Â¾¢¡¢ Ò¨ÃÒ¿¢¨¾ 

Å¿¢¨¾ÂÀ¢ ¿¨ÅÂ¿¨¸ ...... ÂÀ¢Ã¡Á ¿¡Â¸¢¾ý 31 

Á¾¨ÄÁ¨Ä ¸¢ÆÅÉÑ ÀÅÉÀÂ ÛÀÂºÐ÷ 

Á¨ÈÂ¢ýÓ¾ø ¿ÎÓÊÅ¢ý ...... Á½¿¡Ú º£ÈÊ§Â 32 

Ó¾Ä¦Á¡Æ¢ ÅÉ¿¢Ò½ ÁÐÀÓ¸ ¡¢¾Á×É 

ÓÌÇÀ¡¢ ÁÇ¿¢¸¢Ä ...... ¸Å¢Á¡¨Ä ÝÎÅÐõ 24 

Á¾º¢¸¡¢ ¸¾È¢ÓÐ Ó¾¨Ä¸Å÷ ¾Ã¦¿ÊÂ 

ÁÎ¿ÎÅ¢ø ¦ÅÕÅ¢¦Â¡Õ ...... Å¢¨ºÂ¡¾¢ ãÄ¦ÁÉ 25 






2. §¾§Åó¾¢Ã ºí¸ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

¾Ã½¢Â¢ ÄÃ½¢Â ÓÃ½¢Ã ½¢ÂÛ¼ø ¾¨É¿¸ Ñ¾¢¦¸¡Î 

º¡§¼¡íÌ¦¿ Îí¸¢¡¢ §Â¡§¼óÐÀ Âí¸¡¢ 1 

¾ÁÕ¸ À¡¢ÒÃ ´Ä¢¦¸¡Î ¿¼¿Å¢ø ºÃ½¢Â ºÐ÷Á¨È 

¾¡¾¡õÒÂ Áó¾¢Ã §Å¾¡ó¾À ÃõÀ¨Ã 2 

º¡¢Å¨Ç Å¢¡¢º¨¼ ¦Â¡¢Ò¨Ã ÅÊÅ¢Éû º¾¾Ç ÓÌÇ¢¾ 

¾¡Á¡íÌº ¦ÁýÈ¢Õ ¾¡Ç¡ó¾¾Ã «õÀ¢¨¸ 3 

¾ÕÀ¾¢ ÍÃ§Ã¡Î ºÕÅ¢Â «ÍÃ÷¸û ¾¼Á½¢ ÓÊ¦À¡Ê 

¾¡É¡õÀÊ ¦ºí¨¸Â¢ø Å¡ûÅ¡í¸¢Â ºí¸¡¢ 4 

þÃ½¸¢ Ã½Á¼ ÁÂ¢ýõÕ¸ Á¾ÒÇ ¸¢¾Å¢Ç Ó¨ÄÂ¢Ç 

¿£÷¾¡í¸¢Ñ ¼í¸¢Â áø§À¡ýÈÁ Õí¸¢Éû 5 

þÚ¸¢Â º¢ÚÀ¢¨È ¦ÂÂ¢Ú¨¼ ÂÁÀ¼÷ ±ÉÐÂ¢÷ ¦¸¡ÇÅ¡¢ý 

Â¡§ÉíÌ¾ø ¸ñ¦¼¾¢÷ ¾¡§ÉýÚ¦¸¡ ÙíÌÂ¢ø 6 

þÎÀÄ¢ ¦¸¡Î¾¢¡¢ Â¢ÃÅÄ÷ þ¼÷¦¸¼ Å¢ÎÁÉ ¸Ã¾Ä 

²¸¡ÁÀ¨Ã Â¢ó¾¢¨Ã §Á¡¸¡í¸Í Áí¸¨Ä 7 

¸É¦Ä¡¢ ¸½À½ Ì½Á½¢ Â½¢À½¢ ¸ÉÅ¨Ç ÁÃ¸¾ 

¸¡º¡õÀÃ ¸ïÍÇ¢ àº¡õÀÊ ¦¸¡ñ¼Åû 10 

¸¨É¸Æø ¿¢¨ÉÂÄ÷ ˉÂ¢ÃÅ¢ ÀÂ¢ÃÅ¢ ¸×¡¢¸ Á¨ÄÌ¨Æ 

¸¡¾¡÷ó¾¦º Øí¸Ø ¿£÷§¾¡öó¾ ¦ÀÕó¾¢Õ 11 

¸¨Ã¦À¡Æ¢ ¾¢ÕÓ¸ ¸Õ¨½Â¢ ÖÄ¦¸Ø ¸¼É¢¨Ä ¦ÀÈÅÇ÷ 

¸¡§Åó¾¢Â ¨Àí¸¢Ç¢ Á¡º¡õÀÅ¢ ¾ó¾Åý 12 

«Ã¦½Î Å¼Å¨Ã ÂÊ¦Â¡Î ¦À¡ÊÀ¼ «¨Ä¸¼ø ¦¸¼«Â¢ø 

§ÅøÅ¡í¸¢Â ¦ºó¾Á¢ú á§Ä¡ýÌÁ ÃýÌ¸ý 13 

«ÚÓ¸ ¦É¡ÕÀ¦¾¡ ÊÕÒÂ ÉÀ¢ÉÅ ÉÆ¸¢Â ÌÈÁ¸û 

¾¡÷§Åó¾Ò ÂýÀ¨¸ Â¡Á¡ó¾÷¸û «ó¾¸ý 14 

«¼ýÁ¢Ì ¸¼¾¼ Å¢¸Ê¾ Á¾¸Ç¢ ÈÉÅÃ ¾ÓÁ¸ 

Ä¡Á¡ó¾÷¸û º¢ó¨¾Â¢ø Å¡úÅ¡õÀÊ ¦ºó¾¢Ä¢ø 15 

«¾¢À¾¢ ¦ÂÉÅÕ ¦ÀÕ¾¢Èø ÓÕ¸¨É «ÕûÀ¼ ¦Á¡Æ¢ÀÅ÷ 

¬Ã¡öóÐ Å½íÌÅ÷ §¾§Åó¾¢Ã ºí¸§Á 16 

±Ø¾¢Â À¼¦ÁÉ þÕÇÚ Í¼ÃÊ Â¢¨½¦¾¡Ø Á×É¢¸û 

²¸¡ó¾Í Äó¾Õ À¡º¡íÌº Íó¾¡¢ 8 

¸Ã½Ó ÁÃ½Ó ÁÄ¦Á¡Î Ó¼øÀÎ ¸ÎÅ¢¨É ¦¸¼¿¢¨É 

¸¡Ä¡ó¾¡¢ ¸ó¾¡¢ ¿£Ä¡ïºÉ¢ ¿ïÍÁ¢ú 9 






3. §Åø ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

ÀÕò¾Ó¨Ä º¢Úò¾þ¨¼ ¦ÅÙò¾¿¨¸ 

¸Úò¾ÌÆø º¢Åò¾Å¢¾ú ÁÈîº¢ÚÁ¢ 

Å¢Æ¢ìÌ¿¢¸ Ã¡Ìõ 1 

À¨Éì¸Ó¸ À¼ì¸Ã¼ Á¾ò¾ÅÇ 

¸ºì¸¼×û À¾ò¾¢Î¿¢ ¸ÇòÐÓ¨Ç 

¦¾È¢ì¸ÅÃ Á¡Ìõ 2 

ÀØò¾ÓÐ ¾Á¢úôÀÄ¨¸ Â¢ÕìÌ¦Á¡Õ 

¸Å¢ôÒÄÅý þ¨ºìÌÕ¸¢ Å¨ÃìÌ¨¸¨Â 

Â¢ÊòÐÅÆ¢ ¸¡Ïõ 3 

Àº¢ò¾Ä¨¸ Óº¢ò¾ØÐ Ó¨ÈôÀÎ¾ø 

´Æ¢ò¾×½÷ ˉÃòÐ¾¢Ã ¿¢½ò¾¨º¸û 

Òº¢ì¸ÅÕû §¿Õõ 4 

ÍÃ÷ìÌÓ¿¢ ÅÃ÷ìÌÁ¸ À¾¢ìÌõÅ¢¾¢ 

¾ÉìÌõ«¡¢ ¾ÉìÌ¿Ã÷ ¾ÁìÌÌÚõ 

þÎì¸ñÅ¢¨É º¡Îõ 5 

Í¼÷ÀÕ¾¢ ´Ç¢ôÀ¿¢Ä ¦Å¡ØìÌÁ¾¢ 

´Ç¢ôÀ«¨Ä Â¼ìÌ¾Æø ´Ç¢ôÀ¦Å¡Ç¢÷ 

´Ç¢ôÀ¢Ã¨À Å£Íõ 6 

Ð¾¢ìÌÁÊ ÂÅ÷ì¦¸¡ÕÅ÷ ¦¸Îì¸þ¼÷ 

¿¢¨Éì¸¢ÉÅ÷ ÌÄò¨¾Ó¾ ÄÈì¸¨ÇÔõ 

±Éì§¸¡÷Ð¨½ Â¡Ìõ 7 

¦º¡Äü¸¡¢Â ¾¢ÕôÒ¸¨Æ Ô¨Ãò¾Å¨Ã 

ÂÎò¾À¨¸ ÂÚò¦¾È¢Â ×Õì¸¢¦ÂØ 

ÁÈò¨¾¿¢¨Ä ¸¡Ïõ 8 

¾Õì¸¢¿Áý ÓÕì¸Å¡¢ý þÕìÌÁ¾¢ 

¾¡¢ò¾ÓÊ À¨¼ò¾Å¢Èø À¨¼ò¾þ¨È 

¸ÆüÌ¿¢¸ Ã¡Ìõ 9 

¾Äò¾¢ÖÇ ¸½ò¦¾¡Ì¾¢ ¸Ç¢ôÀ¢Û½ 

Å¨ÆôÀ¦¾É ÁÄ÷ì¸ÁÄ ¸Ãò¾¢ýÓ¨É 

Å¢¾¢÷ì¸Å¨Ç Å¡Ìõ 10 

¾É¢òÐÅÆ¢ ¿¼ìÌ¦ÁÉ ¾¢¼òÐ¦Á¡Õ 

ÅÄòÐÁ¢Õ ÒÈòÐÁÕ ¸Îò¾¢Ã× 

À¸üÚ¨½Â ¾¡Ìõ 11 

ºÄòÐÅÕõ «Ãì¸Õ¼ø ¦¸¡ØòÐÅÇ÷ 

¦ÀÕò¾Ì¼÷ º¢Åò¾¦¾¡¨¼ ¦ÂÉîº¢¨¸Â¢ø 

Å¢ÕôÀ¦Á¡Î ÝÎõ 12 

¾¢¨Ãì¸¼¨Ä Ô¨¼òÐ¿¢¨È ÒÉ÷¸ÊÐ 

ÌÊòÐ¨¼Ôõ ˉ¨¼ôÀ¨¼Â «¨¼òÐ¾¢Ã 

¿¢¨ÈòÐÅ¢¨Ç Â¡Îõ 13 

¾¢¨ºì¸¡¢¨Â Ó¾üÌÄ¢ºý «Úò¾º¢¨È 

Ó¨Çò¾¦¾É Ó¸ðÊÉ¢¨¼ ÀÈì¸ÅÈ 

Å¢¨ºò¾¾¢Ã §Å¡Îõ 14 






º¢Éò¾×½÷ ±¾¢÷ò¾Ã½ ¸Çò¾¢ø¦ÅÌ 

Ì¨Èò¾¨Ä¸û º¢¡¢ò¦¾Â¢Ú ¸ÊòÐÅ¢Æ¢ 

Å¢Æ¢ò¾ÄÈ §Á¡Ðõ 15 

¾¢Õò¾½¢Â¢ø ˉ¾¢ò¾ÕÙõ ´Õò¾ýÁ¨Ä 

Å¢Õò¾¦ÉÉ ÐÇò¾¢Ö¨È ¸Õò¾ýÁÂ¢ø 

¿¼òÐÌ¸ý §Å§Ä 16 






4. ¾¢Õ§Å¨Çì¸¡Ãý ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

¬ÉÀÂ Àò¾¢ÅÆ¢ À¡Î¦ÀÚ Óò¾¢ÂÐ 

Å¡¸¿¢¸ú Àò¾ºÉ Å¡Ãì ¸¡ÃÛõ 1 

¬ÃÁÐ ¡¢ò¾¸É¢ ¸¡Ã½Ó ¾üÈ¨ÁÂ 

É¡Õ¼Û ½ì¨¸À¡¢ ¾£¨Áì ¸¡ÃÛõ 2 

¬¸ÁõÅ¢ ¨Çò¾¸¢Ä §Ä¡¸Ó ¦¿¡ÊôÀÇÅ¢ø 

¬¨º¦Â¡Î ÍüÚÁ¾¢ §Å¸ì ¸¡ÃÛõ 3 

¬½Å« Øì¸¨¼Ôõ ¬Å¢¨Â Å¢Çì¸¢ÂÑ 

â¾¢Â¨¼ Å¢ò¾¦¾¡Õ À¡÷¨Åì ¸¡ÃÛõ 4 

¬¼¨Ä× Àð¼ÁÃ÷ ¿¡¼ÐÀ¢ ¨Æì¸«Á 

Ã¡Å¾¢Ò ÃìÌÁ¼ø ¬ñ¨Áì ¸¡ÃÛõ 5 

¬¼¸Å¢ º¢òÃ¸É §¸¡ÒÃÓ ¸ôÀ¢ø«Õ 

½¡Ò¡¢Â¢ø ¿¢üÌõ«¨¼ Â¡Çì ¸¡ÃÛõ 6 

¬Â¢ÃÓ ¸òÐ¿¾¢ À¡ÄÛÁ ¸ò¾Ê¨Á 

Â¡ÉÅ÷ ¦¾¡Îò¾¸Å¢ Á¡¨Äì ¸¡ÃÛõ 7 

¬ÚÓ¸ Å¢ò¾¸Ûõ ¬È¢ÕÒ Âò¾ÃÍõ 

¬¾¢ÓÊ ÅüÈ¾¢Õ ¿¡Áì ¸¡ÃÛõ 8 

Â¡¦ÉÉ¦¾ ÉîºÕ×õ ®ÉºÁ Âò¦¾ÅÕõ 

Â¡Õõˉ½÷ ¾ü¸¡¢Â §¿÷¨Áì ¸¡ÃÛõ 9 

Â¡Ð¿¢¨Ä ÂüÈ¨ÄÔõ ²ØÀ¢È Å¢ì¸¼¨Ä 

§ÂÈÅ¢Î ¿ü¸Õ¨½ §Â¡¼ì ¸¡ÃÛõ 10 

²Ã¸õ þ¨¼ì¸Æ¢º¢ Ã¡Á¨Ä¾¢ ÕôÀÆ¿¢ 

§ÂÃ½¢¦º Õò¾½¢Â¢ø Å¡ºì ¸¡ÃÛõ 11 

²¨ÆÂ¢ý þÃð¨¼Å¢¨É Â¡Â¦¾¡Õ ¼üº¢¨ÈÂ¢ 

Ã¡ÁøÅ¢Î Å¢ò¾Õû¿¢ Â¡Âì¸¡ÃÛõ 12 

Â¡Á¨ÇÁ ½ìÌÓ¸ º¡Á¨ÇÁ ½¢ìÌÂ¢¨Ä 

Â¡¦ÂÉ« ¨ÆòÐÕÌ §¿Âì ¸¡ÃÛõ 13 

²¾ÁÈ ¿¢îºÂÁ §É¡ÄÂÅ¢ Çì¦¸¡Ç¢Ôõ 

Â¡¸Ó¿¢ Å÷ìÌ¡¢Â ¸¡Åü ¸¡ÃÛõ 14 

®¡¢ÕÁ ÕôÒ¨¼Â §º¡¨ÉÁ¾ ¦ÅüÀ¢ÅÕõ 

Â¡¨ÉÂÇ Å¢üÚÅÙõ ¬¨ºì ¸¡ÃÛõ 15 

²¼Å¢ú¸ ¼ôÀÁÄ÷ Ü¾ÇÓ ÊìÌõþ¨Ç 

§Â¡Ûõ«È¢ Å¢ü¦À¡¢Â §Áý¨Áì ¸¡ÃÛõ 16 

Å¡ÉÅ÷¦À¡ ÕðÎÁ¸ Å¡ÉÐ¦À¡ ÕðÎÁÄ÷ 

Å¡Å¢Â¢øˉ ¾¢ò¾Ó¸ Á¡Âì ¸¡ÃÛõ 17 

Å¡Ã½À ¾¢ìÌ¾× ¿¡Ã½Û ÅìÌÁÕ 

Á¡Ûõ«Â ¨Éì¸Ú× §¸¡Àì ¸¡ÃÛõ 18 






Å¡Æ¢¦ÂÉ ¿¢ò¾ÁÈ Å¡ÐÀÃ Å¢üºÃ½ 

Å¡¡¢ºõ« Ç¢ìÌõˉÀ ¸¡Ãì ¸¡ÃÛõ 19 

Á¡¼Á¾¢ø ÍüÈ¢Âò¡¢ Ü¼¸¢¡¢ Â¢ü¸¾¢÷¦ºö 

Á¡¿¸¡¢ Â¢ü¸¼×û ¬Âì ¸¡ÃÛõ 20 

Å¡¦ÇÂ¢È ÐüÈÀÌ Å¡ö¦¾¡Ú¦¿ ÕôÒÁ¢Øõ 

Å¡Í¸¢¦Â ÎòÐ¾Úõ Å¡º¢ì ¸¡ÃÛõ 21 

Å¡Ç¸¢¡¢ ¨Âò¾ÉÐ ¾¡Ç¢Ä¢Ê Âô¦À¡ÕÐ 

Å¡¨¸Ò¨É ÌìÌ¼À ¾¡¨¸ì ¸¡ÃÛõ 22 

§Á¨ÉÂ¡¢ ¨ÅìÌ¡¢Â §ÀÃÛÁ ¾¢ò¾¾¢Èø 

Å£ÃÛõ« Ãì¸÷ÌÄ Ý¨Èì ¸¡ÃÛõ 29 

§Å¾¢Â÷¦Å Úì¨¸Ôõ« ¿¡¾¢ÀÃ ÅŠÐ×õÅ¢ 

º¡¸ÛõÅ¢ ¸üÀ¦ÅÌ åÀì ¸¡ÃÛõ 30 

§ÅÎÅ÷Ò Éò¾¢ÖÕ Á¡È¢ÓÉ¢ ¦º¡üÀÊÅ¢ 

Â¡ÌÄÁ Éò¾¢¦É¡Î §À¡õÅ¢ü ¸¡ÃÛõ 31 

§ÁÅ¢ÂÒ Éò¾¢¾½¢ø µÅ¢Â¦Á Éò¾¢¸Ø 

§Á¾Ì ÌÈò¾¢¾¢Õ §Å¨Çì ¸¡Ã§É. 32 

Á¡º¢ÖÂ¢ ÕìÌÂ¢Õ Á¡º¢Ö½÷ ×ìÌ½÷×õ 

Å¡É¢ÄÏ ×ì¸Ï× À¡Âì ¸¡ÃÛõ 23 

Å¡¾¨É¾ Å¢÷ò¾ÌÕ ¿¡¾Ûõ¦Å Ç¢ôÀ¼Á 

¸¡¼Å¢Â¢ø ¿¢üÀ¦¾¡÷º ¸¡Âì ¸¡ÃÛõ 24 

Á£ÉÅÛ Á¢ì¸ÒÄ §Å¡ÕÓ¨È ¦À¡üÀÄ¨¸ 

Á£¾Á÷¾ Á¢úòÃÂÅ¢ §¿¡¾ì ¸¡ÃÛõ 25 

§Å¡¢ÁÐ Áò¾Á¾¢ ¾¡¾¸¢¸ Îì¨¸Ò¨É 

§Å½¢Â÷Ð ¾¢ôÀ¦¾¡Õ §¸ûÅ¢ì ¸¡ÃÛõ 26 

§Å¨ÄÐ¸û ÀðÎÁ¨Ä ÝÃÛ¼ø ÀðÎÕÅ 

§Å¨ÄÔÈ Å¢ð¼¾É¢ §Å¨Äì ¸¡ÃÛõ 27 

Á£ÛÄ× ¸¢÷ò¾¢¨¸Ì Á¡ÃÛ¿¢ ¨ÉìÌÁÅ÷ 

Å£Î¦ÀÈ ¨Åò¾Õûˉ ¾¡Ãì ¸¡ÃÛõ 28 






5. ¦ÀÕò¾ ÅºÉ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

«Õì¸ý ˉÄÅ¢Â º¸òÃ ÂÓÁ¢¨º 

Â¾¢ü¦¸¡û Í¨Å¦ÂÉ «¨ÉòÐ ¿¢¨ÈÅÐõ 1 

«ÅŠ¨¾ ÀÄ¨ÅÔ Á¼ì¸¢ Â¸¢ÄÓõ 

«Å¢úîº¢ ¦ÀÈþÉ¢ ¾¢ÕìÌ Á×ÉÓõ 2 

«ºðÎ ¦ÅÚÅÆ¢ ÅÆì¸÷ «ÚÅÕõ 

«ÃüÚ ÅÉ¦À¡Õû Å¢¸üÀ ¦Á¡Æ¢ÅÐõ 3 

«ØìÌ ÁÄÅ¢Õû ÓØì¸¢ý ˉÆøÅ¨¾ 

Â¼ì¸¢ ÂÅ¦¿È¢ ¸¼ì¸ Å¢ÎÅÐõ 4 

±ÕìÌõ þ¾Æ¢Ô ÓÊìÌõ þ¨ÈÌÕ 

±ÁìÌõ þ¨ÈÂÅý ±Éò¾¢ ¸ØÅÐõ 5 

þÃð¨¼ Å¢¨É¦¸¡Î ¾¢ÃðÎ ÁÄ×¼ø 

þ½ì¸õ «È¦Å¡Õ ¸½ì¨¸ ÂÕûÅÐõ 6 

þÕìÌ Ó¾Ä¢Â ºÁŠ¾ ¸¨Ä¸Ùõ 

þ¾ü¸¢ ¦¾¾¢¦ÃÉ þ¨½ì¸ «¡¢ÂÐõ 7 

¦¿ÕôÒ ¿¢Äõ¦ÅÇ¢ ÁÕòÐ ÅÉ¦ÁÉ 

¿¢¨Èò¾ ¦¿È¢Ó¨È ¸ÃìÌõ ˉÕÅÓõ 10 

¿¢¨ÉôÒ ¿¢¨ÉÅÐ ¿¢¨ÉôÀ ÅÛõ«Ú 

¿¢Äò¾¢ø ¿¢¨Ä¦ÀÈ ¿¢Úò¾ ×¡¢ÂÐõ 11 

¿¢¨Äò¾ «ÊÂÅ÷ Á¨Äò¾ø «Ð¦¸¼ 

¿¢Å¢÷ò¾¢ ÔÈ«Ñ ÀÅ¢ìÌ ¿¢¾¢ÂÓõ 12 

ˉÕìÌ ¾¢ÕÅÕû ¾¢¨ÇòÐ Á¸¢ú¾Ã 

ˉÇò¦¾¡ Î¨Ã¦ºÂø ´Ç¢òÐ Å¢ÎÅÐõ 13 

´Ç¢ìÌõ ´Ç¢¦ÂÉ ¦ÅÇ¢ìÌõ ¦ÅÇ¢¦ÂÉ 

ˉÂ¢÷ìÌõ ˉÂ¢¦ÃÉ ¿¢¸úîº¢ ¾ÕÅÐõ 14 

ˉÃò¾ ¾É¢ÁÂ¢ø ˉ¨¸òÐ ¿¢º¢ºÃ÷ 

´Ç¢ì¸ «Á÷¦À¡Õ ºÁ÷ò¾ý «½¢¾¨Æ 15 

ˉÎò¾ ÌÈÁ¸û Á½ìÌõ «ÚÓ¸ý 

´Õò¾ý «ÕÇ¢Â ¦ÀÕò¾ ÅºÉ§Á. 16 

þÈì¸ ±É¦¾¾¢÷ ¿¼ìÌõ ÂÁÀ¼÷ 

¸¼ì¸ Å¢ÎÅ¦¾¡÷ þÂü¨¸ ÂÕûÅÐõ 8 

¦¿ÕìÌ ÅÉ×À ¿¢¼ò¾¢ý þÚ¾¢¸û 

¿¢ÃôÒ ¸¨¼Â¢É¢ø þÕô¨À Ô¨¼ÂÐõ 9 






6. â¾ §Å¾¡Ç ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

«Õ½ ¸½À½ ÒÂ¸ ÍÊ¨¸Â¢ý 

«¸¢Ä ÒÅÉÓõ ˉ¾× Á¨ÄÁ¸û 1 

«Á¨Ä Â¡¡¢¨Â Âó¾¡¢ Íó¾¡¢ 

Â¢ÁÂ Á¡ÁÂ¢ø «õ¨Àò¡¢ ÂõÀ¸¢ 2 

«îÍ¾º §¸¡¾¡¢Â ¨ÉòÐ§Å ¾ò¾¨ÄÅ¢ 

ÂüÒ¾Ò Ã¡¾É¢Å ÃôÃ¸¡ ºôÃìÕ¾¢ 3 

«õ¦À¡ü Ìñ¼Äô §À¨¾ º¡õÀÅ¢ 

Å¢õÀì ¸¢ïÍ¸ô â¨Å âí¦¸¡Ê 4 

«‡Ã Ä‡ƒ Àò¾÷ìÃ Áò¾¢Î 

ºìÃ¾ Äò¾¢ò¡¢ Â‡¢º ¼‡¡¢ 5 

¬Â¢þ ¾¢Õ ¨Áó¾ýÓ¸õ ¬Â¢ÃõÅ¢ Çí¸¢Â¦¾¡÷ 

¬Ú¾Ã Åó¾ÕÙõ ¬ÚÓ¸ Òñ¼¡¢¸ý 6 

«ÕÅ¨Ã ¾¢ÈóÐÅý ºíìÃ¡Á ¸ü¸¢Ó¸¢ 

«ÀÂÁ¢¼ «ïº¦Äý Èí¸£Ã ÛìÌ¾Å¢ 7 

«ÃºÈ¢Â Å¡ÁÉÓ ¿¢ì¦¸¡Õ¾ Á¢úòÃÂÓõ 

«À¡¢Á¢¾ Á¡¸Å¢Å ¡¢ò¾¸¼ ×ðÒÄÅý 8 

«ÑÀÅ º¢ò¾ ÀÅì¸¼ Ä¢üÒ ¸¡¦¾¨É 

Å¢ÉÅ¢¦Â Îò¾Õû ¨Åò¾ ¸ÆüìÕ À¡¸Ãý 9 

¬º¢Ä¡ º¡Ã ¾§À¡¾É ¡¢ýÒÚõ 

Å¡º¸¡ ¾£¾ Á§É¡ÄÂ ÀïºÃý 10 

«¸Õ õÕ¸Á¾ ¸ÇÀ À¡¢ÁÇ 

Å¢¸¼ Ó¸À¼ ¸ÊÉ ÒÇ¸¢¾ 11 

«Á¢÷¾ â¾¡¢ «ñ¼÷¦º Øí¦¸¡Ê 

ÌÓ¾ Å¡öÁÂ¢ø Ìïº¡¢ Áïº¡¢ 12 

«ì¸¦Á¡Õ §¸¡Ê¦ÀÚ ÅˆÃÀ¡ ½¢ìÌÁ¡¢ 

¾ì¸«Á Ã¡Å¾¢Ò ÃìÌõ¬ ¨Éì¸¢¨ÈÅý 13 

³õÀò ¦¾¡ýÈ¢ø±ð ¼¡È¢ø ãýÈ¢É¢ø 

³ó¾¢ü ÈíÌõ«ô À¡¨Ä Å¡ý¦À¡Õû 14 

«ôÀÊ Àò¾¢ ÀØò¾ ÁÉò¾¢É÷ 

«÷îº¨É ¦Áîº¢Â ¦ºî¨º Á½¢ôÒÂý 15 

¬Ú¿¢¨Ä ¦ÂýÚÓ¾ Ä¡¸¢Â ÀÃí¸¢¡¢Ôõ 

¬Å¢É ¦ÉÎíÌÊÔõ ¬Ã½ ÓÊó¾¢¼Óõ 16 

«Õ¨½Ôõ þÄïº¢Ôï ¦ºóà÷ ¾¢ÕôÀÆ¿¢ 

«ÊÂ÷ÁÉ Àí¸Âï ¦ºí§¸¡Ê ¨¼ì¸Æ¢Ôõ 17 

«¿ÅÃ¾ ¿£ÄÁÄ÷ Óò¦¾È¢Í ¨ÉôÒÉÄ¢ø 

«ÕÅ¢Ì¾¢ À¡ö¾Õ¦º Õò¾½¢¦Âý ¦ÅüÒ¦ÁÛõ 18 






«Ä¸¢ø ¾¢ÕôÀ¾¢ Â¢üÀÂ¢ø ¸üÀ ¸¡¼Å¢ 

«ÑÀÅý «ò¾ý¿¢ Õò¾ý «Ãò¾ ¬¨¼Âý 19 

¬ÚÁ¡ Á¡¾÷ À§Â¡¾Ã Àó¾¢Â¢ø 

¬Ã§Å À¡ÄÓ ¾¡Õ¦¿ Îó¾¨¸ 20 

ÅÕ½ ºÃÅ½ ÁÎÅ¢ø ÅÕ¦Á¡Õ 

Á¾¨Ä Á¨È¸Áú Ì¾¨Ä ¦Á¡Æ¢Â¢Éý 21 

ÁÐ¸ Ã¡ÃÅ Áó¾¢Ã º¢óÐÃ 

Á½Á È¡¾ ¸¼õÒ Ò¨Éó¾Åý 22 

Áð¦¼¡ØÌ º¡ÃÁÐ ¡¢ò¾§¾ ¨ÉôÀÕ¸ 

Á÷ì¸¼º ã¸Á¨Á ¦¾¡ðÊÈ¡ ¦ÄðÎÅ¨Ã 23 

ÁýÈü ¨ÀõÒÉò ¾¡ûÀ ¾¡õÒÂõ 

Åó¾¢ì Ìó¾É¢ì ¸¡Á Å¡ï¨ºÂý 24 

Áò¾Ó Êò¾Õû «ò¾÷ô¡¢ ÂôÀ¼ 

¿¢ò¾Á ¨Èô¦À¡Õ ¨Çò¦¾Ç¢ Å¢ò¾Åý 25 

Á¡¾¢ÃÓ Áó¾ÃÓ ¿£Õ¿¢Ä Ûí¸É¸ 

Á¡øÅ¨ÃÔ ¼ýÍÆÄ Å¡Í¸¢Å¢ ¼õ¦À¡Æ¢Â 26 

Á¸ÃºÄ¢ Äí¸¨¼ó ¾¢óòÃ¡¾¢ Â÷ì¸ÓÐ 

À¸¢÷¾Õ ÓÌó¾ýÁý Àïº¡Ô ¾ì¸¼×û 27 

ÁÕ¸ýÁÈ Å¡¾Å÷¿¢ ¨ÉôÀ¨ÅÓ ÊìÌÁÅý 

ˉÕÌÁÊ Â¡¡¢ÕÅ¢ ¨Éò¦¾¡¨¸Â ÚìÌÁÅý 28 

ÁÈÅ÷¦À¡ ÕôÀ¢ø ´Õò¾¢¦À¡ Õð¼ ¿¡Ç¢Ç 

ÅÊÅÓ Øì¸ ¿¨Ãò¾Å¢ Õò¾ §Å¾¢Âý 29 

Á¡¾Ã¡ åÀý ¿¢Ã¡ÌÄ º¢ó¨¾Âý 

¬¾¢Ü ¾¡Ç Á¾¡½¢Â ÄíìÕ¾ý 30 

ÅÃ¾ Å¢¾Ã½ Å¢Ã¾ «ÑÀÅ 

Á×É ÌÕÀÃý ¿¢Ò½ Ì½¾Ãý 31 

ÅÉƒ ƒ¡¾¨É ÂýÚÓ É¢ó¾È 

ÅÄ¢Â À¡ÃÅ¢ Äí¸¢Î Òí¸Åý 32 

ÁðÊÄ¢Õ ¿¡Ö¾¢¨º ¸ðÎ¦¿ Á¢ì¸¢¡¢Ôõ 

ˉò¾ÃÌ ½¡¾¢Ì¼ ¾‡¢½¡ ¾¢ì¸¢¡¢Ôõ 33 

Áí¸ò Ðí¸Å¢ð §¼Ú Å¡í¸¢Â 

¦ºí¨¸ô Àí¸Âî §º¡¾¢ ¸¡í§¸Âý 34 

Áò¾Á ÄòÃÂ Á¢ò¨¾¾ Å¢÷ò¾Õû 

Íò¾À Å¢òÃ¿¢ Å÷ò¾¢Â Ç¢ôÀÅý 35 

Å¡Ã½Ó ¸ý¾ÉÐ ¾¡¨¾¨ÂÅ ÄïÍÆÄ 

Å¡¨¸ÁÂ¢ø ¦¸¡ñÎÄÌ Ýú¦¿¡ÊÅ ÕíÌÁÃý 36 

ÁÂÓÚ ôÃÀïºÓï ºí§¸¾ „ðºÁÂ 

ÅÆ¢ÔÁÉ Óí¸¼ó ¦¾í§¸Û ¿¢üÌÁÅý 37 

ÁÐÃ¦Á¡Æ¢ Â¡øˉÄ¸ ¨Éò¨¾Ôõ ˉ½÷òÐÁÅý 

Å¼«ÉÄ §¿÷¦¸¡ÊÂ ÌìÌ¼õ ˉÂ÷ò¾Ì¸ý 38 






ÁÃ¸¾ À‡ ÌÄòÐÃ ¸ò¾¢ Å¡¸Ã÷ 

ÅÊ¨ÅÔ Õì¸¢ ÅÊò¾ ¾¢Õì¨¸ §Åø¦¸¡Î 39 

Å¡¡¢§¸¡ §¸¡±É Å¡öÅ¢¼ Åó¦¾¾¢÷ 

ÝÃÁ¡ §º¨É¨Â §Á¡Ð¸ Çó¾É¢ø 40 

(ÝÃ ºõÁ¡Ã §À¡÷ì ¸Çò¾¢ø â¾ §Å¾¡Ç Å÷½¨½) 

ˉÕÅõ þÕ¦ÇÆ ±Â¢Ú ¿¢Ä¦ÅÆ 

ˉÄÌ ¦ÅÕÅÃ «¨ºÂ ÅÕÅÉ 41 

ˉ¨¼Â ¿¡Â¸¢ ¸ñÎÁ ¸¢úó¾¢¼ 

¿¨¼Å¢ §¿¡¾Å¢ ¾õÒ¡¢ Àó¾¢Â 42 

´ì¸¨ÄÅ¢ ¼¡¾Ø¾ ÃüÚÀ¡ Ä÷ìÌÁ¢¸ 

ˉîº¢¦ÅÊ Â¡Ð¿¢½ ¦Áò¾§Å ¾ôÒÅÉ 43 

ˉíÌì ¸¢íÌÅ¢ð ¼¡Æ¢ ¿¡ý¸¢Ûõ 

´ýÚì ¦¸¡ýÈÊ À¡ö¾ø ¸¡ñÀÉ 44 

Ôò¾¸ Çò¾¢É¢ø Ãò¿Á ½¢ìÌ¨Å 

´ð¼¦Á¡ ¦¼¡ü¨Èþ Ãð¨¼À¢ ÊôÀÉ 45 

§Â¡¸¢É¢¸ Ùõ¦À¡¢Â º¡¸¢É¢¸ ÙõÒ¾¢Â 

§Á¡¸¢É¢¸ ÙõÀ¨ÆÂ ¼¡¸¢É¢¸ ÙõÒ¸Æ 46 

ˉÅ½¿¢¨Ã ¦¸¡ñÊÎï ¦ºí¸¡Å ½ò¾¢¨¼Â¢ø 

ˉÈ×¦¸¡Ç ÅóÐ¾õ ¦Àñ¸¡¨È ¸ðÎÅÉ 47 

ˉÁ¢úÌÕ¾¢ Â¡È¨¼À ¼ìÌÈ¼ Îì¸¢Â¾¢ø 

ˉÀÅÉ¦Á¡÷ ²¨ÆÔÓ È¢ò¾Õ¦¸¡ ØìÌÅÉ 48 

ˉÎÀ¼ Äò¨¾ Á¨Èò¾ Ì¨ÈìÌ Å¡Ö¼ø 

ˉ¾¢Ãº Óò¾¢Ã ÓüÚ ¿¢¨ÄôÀ ¼¡¾É 49 

µ¨¼Á¡ø Å¡Ã½ ä¸õ «¼í¸Öõ 

µ¦Ã¡÷§Àö ¿£û¸¨¼ Å¡Â¢ Ä¼íÌÅ 50 

ˉ¼Ä¢ É¢º¢ºÃ÷ Á×Ä¢ ´Ä¢ÂÖõ 

ˉ¾Î Á¨ÄÅÉ À¾Ê Ó¨ÄÂ¢É 51 

ˉ¾¾¢ §ÂØÁ ¼í¸× È¢ïº¢Ôõ 

ˉ¾Ã Å¡ÃÆø ¿¢ýÚ¦¸¡ ÙóÐÅ 52 

ˉì¸¢Ãþ Ã¡Å½ý± Îò¾§Á Õì¸¢¡¢Ôõ 

´üÈ¢Â¢Õ §¾¡û¦¸¡ÎÀ È¢ò¾¢¼¡ ¾ôÒÅÉ 53 

´ýÈ¢ò ¾¢ñÌÃü Ü¨¸ À¡õ¦À¡Î 

¦ÅýÈ¢î ¦ºó¾¨Äò ¾¡Ä¢ âñÀÉ 54 

´ì¸Á¢ ¼üÈ¢ø þÈìÌ Ì¨Èò¾¨Ä 

Å¢ì¸¢ ¦ÅÙì¸ ¦ÅÙì¸ Å¢Æ¢ôÀÉ 55 

§Â¡ÌÒ¡¢ ÔíÌ¨¸Ôõ §Â¡¸ÀÃ Õõ¦À¡ÕÅ 

µ¨¼Á¾ ¾ó¾¢ÅÂ¢ êÊÉ¢Ð ÈíÌÅÉ 56 

ˉº¢¾À¢º¢ ¾í¦¸¡½÷ó ¾¢í§¸È Å¢üÚ¦ÁÉ 

Á¾Á¨Ä¦Â ÖõÒ¦¸¡ñ ¼í¸¡Ê ¸ðÎÅÉ 58 






ˉ¾¢Ã¿¢½ Å¡û¦ÀÕ¸ ¦Å¡ðÎÅÉ ¦ÅðÎÅÉ 

ˉ¼Ä¢ÉÎ çÎÕÅ ÓðÎÅÉ ¾ðÎÅÉ 58 

´ØÌÀ¢ ½òÐ¿¢ ½ò¾¢ý «ÇüÈ¢ §ÄÀØ 

´ÊÂ× Æì¸¢Å Øì¸¢ ÔÕðÊ Å£úÅÉ 59 

°ºÄ¡÷ Å¡÷Ì¨Æ §Â¡¨Ä Â¢ÎõÀÊ 

µÐº¡ Á£¸Ã §¿Á¢ À¢ÎíÌÅ 60 

¸Ã½õ þÎÅÉ Ì½¨Ä Â¢ÎÅÉ 

¸¨Æ¨Â ¿ÎÅÉ À×¡¢ ÅÕÅÉ 61 

¸¸É Ü¼Ó ¨¼óÐÅ¢ ØõÀÊ 

¸¾È¢ Å¡ÂÉø ¸ñ¸Éø º¢óÐÅ 62 

¨¸îº¾¢Â¢ É¡Ó¨ÈÅ¢ ¾¢ò¾Å¡ Óü¸Ê¾ 

ºîºÒ¼ º¡ºÒ¼ ºðÀ¢¾¡ Òò¾¢¡¢¸ 63 

¸ñ¼î ºõÀ¾¢ô §À¾ Á¡õÀÄ 

¸ïºô Àïº¸ò ¾¡Ç Á¡õÀÊ 64 

¸üº¡¢ ÔüºÅ ¾÷ôÀ½ Ä‡½ 

ºîº¡¢ ÁðÊ¨º ¦Â¡üÈ¢Â ÚôÀÉ 65 

¸¡¦Â¡¢Â Àí¸¢¦Â¡Î §º¸ÃÁ¢ Ìó¾¨ºÅ 

¸¡ÐÀÎ ºí¸ÅÇ Á¡Ä¢¨¸Ò ¨Éó¾¢¨ºÅ 66 

¸Õ¨½Â ¾¢¸óÐÅó ¦¾¡ñ§¸¡Ì Äô¦À¡¢Â 

¸ÕÓÊ¦Â¡ ÎõÀÎí ¸í¸¡Ç ¦Á¡òÐÅÉ 67 

¸ÊÀÂ¢Ã Å¡¾¢¸ûô¡¢ ÂôÀÎ¸ ¾¢ì¸¢¨ºÂ 

¿¨¼¿Å¢Ö À¡Å¨É Ô¾¢ìÌ¿¼ Å¢ò¨¾Â¢É 68 

¸¼¸Á Îò¾ þ¼ì¨¸ ÅÄì¨¸ Å¡Ç¢É 

¸Õ¾¢Â Ä‡¢Â Ä‡½ ÓüÚ §Á¡ÐÅ 69 

¸¡ÄÁ¡ È¡¾ ÅÃ¡Ç¢º¢ ¸ñÊ¨¸ 

À¡Äº£ ¸¡ÁÃ Á¡ÉÅ¢ Àïº¢¨¸ 70 

¸×¼ ÀÂ¢ÃÅ¢ ÄÇ¢¨¾ ¸Â¢º¢¨¸ 

¸×Ç¢ ÁÄ¸¡¢ À×Ç¢ Â¢¨ºÅÉ 71 

¸ÉÅ Ã¡ÊÂ ÕõÀ¼ Áïº¡¢ 

¾É¾ É¡º¢Å¢ ¾õÀÎ ÀïºÁ¢ 72 

¨¸îÍÄ× §¸¡ýÓ¨ÈÅ¢ ¾¢ò¾Ã¡ ¸ò¾¨¼Å¢ø 

ˉîºÁÐ º¡¾¢¸¦Á ÎòÐ§Áø ±ðÎÅÉ 73 

¸ïºì ¸ïº¿ü §Èº¢ Ã¡ïº¢Ì 

È¢ïº¢ô ÀñÌÈ¢ò ¾¢Â¡¨Æ §ÂóÐÅ 74 

¸üÈ× Îì¨¸Â¢ ¼ì¨¸¸ ÇôÀ¨È 

Áò¾Ç¢ ¦¸¡ðÊÂ ÓüÚÁ ÊôÀÉ 75 

¸¡¦ÃÉÓ ÆíÌÌÃ §ÄÚÐÊ ºóòÃÅ¨Ç 

Å£ÃÓÃ Íó¾¢Á¢ø¾ ¼¡¡¢Ì¼ ÀïºÓ¸¢ 76 

¸ÃÊÀ¨È Âí¸Éó ¾í§¸¡Ê ¦¸¡ðÎÅÉ 

Ó¨ÈÓ¨È ¸Åó¾¿¢ý ¦È¡ý§È¡Î ¸¢ðÎÅÉ 77 






¸ºÃ¾À ¾¡¸¢É¢Â Ãì¸÷Ð½¢ ÀðÎÅ¢Ø 

¸ÇÓØÐõ Å¡Æ¢Â ¾¢ÕôÒ¸úÓ ÆìÌÅÉ 78 

¸ÊÂÌ ½ò¾ º¢Éò¾ º¸òÃ §Â¡º¨É 

¦¿ÊÂ ¸Øò¾ ÍÆ¢ò¾ Å¢Æ¢ò¾ À¡÷¨ÅÂ 79 

¸¡¾á È¡Â¢Ã §¸¡Ê Å¨Çó¾É 

â¾§Å ¾¡Çõ «§¿¸Å¢ ¾í¸§Ç. 80 






7. ¦À¡Õ¸Çò ¾Ä¨¸ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

«¾¢÷ò¾ À¡¢ÒÃ À¾ò¾¢ ÀÂ¢ÃÅ¢ 

«¨Áò¾ ¸Ã¾Ä¢ ô¡¢Âò¨¾ Ô¨¼ÂÉ 1 

«Êò¾ ¾ÁÕ¸ ¸Ãò¾÷ ÀÂ¢ÃÅ÷ 

¿Êò¾ ¿ÅÃº ¿¼ò¨¾ ÂÈ¢ÅÉ 2 

«Õì¸÷ À¾ÁÄ ×Îì¸û À¾ÁÇ 

ÅÎìÌ À¢½¦Á¡Õ ÌÈðÊ Ä¨¼ÍÅ 3 

«Çì¸÷ ˉ¨¼À¼ Á¢Ìò¾ ÌÕ¾¢¨Â 

«¨¼òÐ Á¨¼À¼ ×¨¼òÐ Å¢ÎÅÉ 4 

«Ãì¸÷ ÓÊ¸¨Ç ÂÎôÒ Å¸¢÷ÅÉ 

«ÅüÈ¢ý ˉ¨Ä¦ÂÉ þÃò¾õ Å¢ÎÅÉ 5 

«Îì¸ø ±ÛÁÅ÷ ±Â¢ü¨È ÂÅ÷¸Ã 

«¸ô¨À Â¨Å¦¸¡Î Ò¸ðÊ «ÎÅÉ 6 

«Á¢úò¾¢ «ÊÅ¢Ø À¢½ò¾¢ý ¿¢½¦ÅÇ¢ 

ÈÇüÈ¢ É¢¨¼ÂÊ ÅØì¸¢ Å¢ØÅÉ 7 

«¼ô¨À Â¢¼ÅÕõ «Ïì¸ Õ¼ýÅÕ 

¾¼ì¨¸ Á¾Á¨Ä ¿¼ò¾¢ ÅÕÅÉ 8 

Ì¾¢òÐ Á¸¢ú¦Å¡Î Á¢¾¢òÐ ¿¼Á¢Î 

ÌÈðÌ Á¢Ì¾¨º ¦¸¡ÎòÐ ÅÕÅÉ 9 

¦¸¡Øò¾ ÌÃ¸¾ þ¨Èîº¢ Å¨¸Å¨¸ 

ÌÅ¢òÐ Ó¨ÈÓ¨È «Å¢òÐ Ñ¸÷ÅÉ 10 

ÌÕòÐ ÁÄ¡¢Ûõ ¦ÅÙò¾ ¿¢½ÁÐ 

¦¸¡Ùò¾¢ «ÉÄ¾¢ø ¦ÅÐôÀ¢ Â¢ÎÅÉ 11 

Ì¾ðÊ ¦¿ÎÂÉ ˉ¾ðÊø þÎ¾¨º 

¦¸¡ÊìÌ ÓÐº¢É ¿¡¢ìÌõ ˉÁ¢úÅÉ 12 

Ì½ìÌ Å¨Ç¸¼ø Å¼ì¸¢ ÂÁ¾¢¨º 

Ì¼ìÌ ÓØÅÐ Á¼ìÌ ÅÂ¢È¢É 13 

ÌÃìÌ Á¢¼È¢É ¸Ãò¾¢ø ±Ø¸¢¡¢ 

ÌÖì¸¢ ÂÊ¦Â¡Î ÀÈ¢òÐ ¿¢Á¢÷ÅÉ 14 

Ì¾¢òÐ ÓØ¸¢Ôõ þÃò¾ ¿¾¢Â¢¨¼ 

ÌÊòÐõ ˉ½÷¦Å¡Î ¸Ç¢òÐ ÅÕÅÉ 15 

ÌÈò¾¢ Â¢¨ÈÅ¨É ¿¢¨ÈòÐ ÁÄÃÊ 

ÌÈ¢òÐ ÅÆ¢ÀÎ Ì½ò¨¾ Ô¨¼ÂÉ 16 

Ð¾¢ì¨¸ Á¨Ä¸¨Ç «Îì¸¢ «Ä¨¸¸û 

Ð¾¢ì¸ «¨ÅÁ¢¨º Â¢ÕìÌõ «Ãº¢É 17 

ÐÇì¸õ ˉÚÍ¼÷ Å¢Çì¨¸ Â¨ÉÂÉ 

ÍÆ¢òÐ ¦ÅÕÅÃ Å¢Æ¢ò¾ Å¢Æ¢Â¢É 18 






Ð¾¢òÐ ÅÆ¢À¼ ¿¼ò¾ø Ì¨ÈÂÉ 

Í¸¢òÐ ¦ÅÇ¢À¼ ¿¨¸òÐ ÅÕÅÉ 19 

Ð½¢ò¾ ¸¡¢Ô¼ø ¾¢½¢ò¾ Á¢¼È¢¨¼ 

ÐÅì¸¢ «Åº¦Á¡ ÎÅ¢ì¸¢ ¿¢Á¢÷ÅÉ 20 

¦¾¡¨Äò¾ ÓÊ¿¢¨Ã ÀÃôÀ¢ ÅÂ¢ÃÅ÷ 

ÍÆüÈ¢ ¿¼Á¢Î ÐÕò¾¢ þÎÅÉ 21 

ÐÏì¸õ ˉÇ«Å÷ ÐÏì¸õ þ¨Ä¦ÂÉ 

±Îò¾ ¸Æ¢¦¿Êø ÀÊòÐ ÅÕÅÉ 22 

þ¾ò¾ ¸Â¢º¢¸õ þÉ¢ò¾ ÀÂ¢ÃÅ¢ 

±ØôÀ¢ ±ØÅ¨¸ ¿¢Õò¾õ þÎÅÉ 29 

þÈôÒõ ÅÕõ±Ø À¢ÈôÒõ «ÈþÉ¢ 

¾¢ÕòÐõ ±ÉÁÂ¢ø Å¢Õò¾ ¦Á¡Æ¢ÅÉ 30 

þ¨¼ì¸ Æ¢Â¢ø´Õ ¦ºÕò¾ ½¢Â¢Ä¢É¢ 

¾¢ÕìÌõ «ÚÓ¸ý ´Õò¾ý þ¨ÇÂÅý 31 

þ¨ÇòÐ ¿¢º¢ºÃ÷ À¨¾òÐ ÁÊÂ¦Å¡÷ 

þ¨ÁôÀ¢ø «Á÷¦À¡Õ ¸Çò¾¢ý «Ä¨¸§Â. 32 

ÍÃ÷ìÌ Á¸À¾¢ ¾ÉìÌõ þÉ¢¦Â¡Õ 

ÐÇì¸õ þ¨Ä¦ÂÉ Á¸¢úîº¢ Ò¸øÅÉ 23 

¦¾¡ÌìÌ ¦¾¡Ì¦¾¡Ì ¦¾¡ÌìÌ ¦¾¡Ì¦¾¡Ì 

¦¾¡ÌìÌ ¦¾¡Ì±É ¿ÊòÐ ÅÕÅÉ 24 

±¾¢÷òÐ Á¨ÄÅÉ ÓÊòÐ ¦ÅÇ¢Ó¸ 

ÊÊòÐ Å¢ØõþÊ þÊò¾ ÌÃÄ¢É 25 

þÃð¨¼ þÇÁ¾¢ ˉ¾¢ò¾ ±É¦ÅÇ¢ 

¦ÈÂ¢üÈ¢ø ¿¢Ä¦ÅØõ þÕðÎ ÅÊÅ¢É 26 

þÂì¸ ÓÚÀÄ Ã¾ò¾¢ý ˉÕ¨Ç¸û 

þÕò¾¢ «½¢¾Õ ¦ÀÕò¾ Ì¨ÆÂ¢É 27 

þ¼ì¨¸ Ì¼ÓÆ ×Îì¨¸ ÐÊÀ¨È 

±ÎòÐ Ó¸¢¦ÄÉ ÓÆì¸¢ ÅÕÅÉ 28 






8. ¦ºÕì¸Çò ¾Ä¨¸ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

Ì¾¢¨Ãò ¾¢ÃûÀð ¼À¢½ò ¨¾¦ÂÎò 

Ð¾¢Ãô ÒÉÄ¢ü ÌÇ¢ìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 1 

ÌÕ¾¢ì ¸¼¨Äô ¦ÀÕ¸ô ÀÕ¸¢ì 

Ì½¨Äò ¾¢ÈÉ¢ü ¸Ç¢ìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 2 

¦¸¡Î¦¸¡ð ÊÀ¼ò ÐÊ¦¸¡ð Ê¿¼ò 

¾¼Á¢ð ÎÅ¨Çò ¾¢ÕìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 3 

Ì¼¨Ãô ÒÂÁ¢ð Î¼¨Äî º¢Ú¸ì 

Ì¨ÄÂ¢ð ¼¾¢Ãî º¢¡¢ìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 4 

º¨¾¨Âî º¢Ä¨¸ì ¦¸¡ÇÁü È¾¨Éî 

ºÕÅ¢î ºÕÅ¢ô ÀÈ¢ìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 5 

¾Ú¸ð º¢Ú¸ð ¼ÅÇì ¸ÅÇò 

¾ÃÇò ¾¢Ã¨Çì ÌÅ¢ò¾ Ê¦ÂÛÃø 6 

¾¨ÄÔì ÌÇ¿ü ÈÕ½ì ¸¢Ã½ò 

¾ÃÇò ¾¢Ã¨Çì ÌÅ¢ò¾ Ê¦ÂÛÃø 7 

±¡¢Â¢ð ¦¼¡¢Â¢ð ÎÕÅò Ð¼¦Éð 

Î¨Ä¨Åò Ð½¨Åî º¨ÁìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 10 

þÕû¦ºü È¾Êò ¾¢¨É¦Â¡ò ¾¢Î¸ð 

¸¦ÁÎò ¦¾È¢Âò ¦¾È¢ò¾ ¾¨Ä¸¨Ç 11 

þ¦¾Éì ¸ÐÉì ¸ÐÁü È¾Ûì 

¦¸É¦Á¡öò ÐÄÅ¢ô ¦À¡ÚìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 12 

«¾Ãò ÐÅ¢Ãü À¼¨Åò ÐÁ¢Ìò 

¾ÃÅò ¦¾¡Î¦¸¡ì ¸¡¢ìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 13 

«Ó¦¾¡ò ¾¿¢½ò ¾¨ºÓì ¸¢ÂÈò 

¾Åºò ÐÂ¢Ä¢ü ¸¢¼ìÌ ¦Á¡Õ¾¢Ãû 14 

«¼Å¢ô ÒÉÓü ÈÌÈò ¾¢Õ×ì 

¸¨Á×ü ÈÁ½¢ô ÒÂò¾ý «ÚÓ¸ý 15 

«¼ýÁ¢ì ¸¾Â¢ò ¾¢Â÷Àð ÎÅ¢Æô 

¦À¡Õ¾¢ð ¼¦ºÕì ¸Çò¾¢ø «Ä¨¸§Â. 16 

¾É¢Ä¢ð ¼¾¨Éò ¾Ì¨¸ò ¾ÄÓü 

È¢Î¦¿ð ¨¼ÁÕô ÒÄì¨¸ Ó¨ÈÓ¨È 8 

±¾¢¡¢ð ¼ÐÌò ¾¢ÓÊò ¾¨Ä¦Â¡ô 

À«Îô ¦ÀÉ¨Åò ¦¾ÖôÒ Å¢È¸¢¨É 9 






9. §À¡÷ì¸Çò ¾Ä¨¸ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

À¸Ä¢Ã Å¢ýÈ¢¦Â¡÷ Ò¸ø¾¢¨º ¿ó¾¢Â ÀüÀ¡ Ûò¾¨¸ 

À¼Ó¾ø Å¢ÍõÒ à÷ò¾ ÎìÌ À¢½Á¨Ä 1 

À×¡¢Å ÕõÀ¡¢ ÒÃ¿Ãø Àí¸Â Å¢ò¾¡ Ãò¾É 

ÀÂ¢ÃÅ¢ À¾í¸û Å¡úò¦¾ Îò¾ Àº¢ÂÉ 2 

À¡¢Â¦¸¡ Øó¾¨º ÀÂ¢ÃÅ÷ ±ýÚÀ Ä¢ì¸¡ ¿¢üÀÅ÷ 

À¸¡¢¼õ «È¢óÐ À¡ò¾¢ Ãò¾¢ø þÎÅÉ 3 

ÀÃÅ¢Å ÕíÌÈû Àº¢¾½¢ÔõÀÊ Àð¼¡÷ ¨¸ôÀÎ 

À¡¢¨ºÂ¢ý Ó¸óÐ ÝðÊ ¨Èîº¢ ¦º¡¡¢ÅÉ 4 

ÀÎ¸Ç ¦ÁýÀ¦¾¡÷ ¦ºÚÅ¢ø Å¢¨Çó¾É Àü§¸¡ ¨ÅôÀÂ¢ø 

À×¡¢Å¢ ¨º¦¸¡ñÎ ¾£ðÊ ¦Áò¾ «ÎÅÉ 5 

À¡¢Â½¢ ¾¢ñÀ¨½ ÓÊÂÁ ÊóÐ¼ø ÀôÀ¡ ¾¢òÐ½¢ 

À¼Å¢Ø ¦ÀÕí¨¸ Á¡ì¸ Õì¸ø À¸¢÷ÅÉ 6 

À¨¼Å¢º Âó¦¾¡¢ ºÄ¾¢Å ÄõÒ¡¢ ÀüÈ¡÷ ÀðÎÇ 

ÀÄÀÄ Å¢¾í¸û ¬÷ô¦À ÎìÌõ ˉ¾ÊÉ 7 

À¸ÎÀ¢ Çó¾¾ý ˉ¡¢¨ÅÒ ¨Éó¾¢Î ÌôÀ¡ Âò¾É 

À¾Å¢Â ¡¢½ï¦º äðÎ Îò¾ ×¨¼Â¢É 8 

ˉ¸ÓÊ ÅýÈ¢Ûõ ¦ÅÕÅÅ ÕõÀÄ ˉüÀ¡ ¾ò¾É 

´Ç¢Á¾¢ Å¸¢÷ó¾ ¸£ü¦È Â¢üÚ ¿¢ÄÅ¢É 9 

ˉÕÅõ þÕñ¼É ¾¢¸¢¡¢Å¢ Äí¸Ä¢ý ˉðÀ¡ö ¸¢üÀÉ 

ˉÄÅ¢¿¢ ½¦Á¡ñÎ Üð¼ ¨ÁòÐ Ñ¸÷ÅÉ 10 

ˉ¾¾¢Ô ÚïÍÅ Å¼¨Å¦¿ Îí¸Éø ˉð¸¡ ¸ô¦ÀÕ 

Ì¾¢ÃÀ¢ º¢¾í¸û §À÷ò¾¢ Èì¸¢ Â¢ÎÅÉ 11 

ˉÕÓÁ¢ ¨¼ó¦¾É «¾¢÷ÌÃ Ä¢ýÈÁ¢ø ´ô§À È¢ðÎ¿¢ 

Õ¾÷Á× Ä¢¦¸¡ñÎ §¸¡ð¨¼ Â¢ðÎ Á¨ÄÅÉ 12 

ˉÄÌÌ Öí¸¢¼ «¡¢ÂÐ ½í¨¸Â¢ ¨Éîº¡ ¾¢ôÀÉ 

ˉÅ½À ¼Äí¸û ¸¡ì¨¸ ÍüÈ¢ ÅÕÅÉ 13 

ˉ¨Ä¾Õ ¦ÁýÌ¼ ¡¢¨¼À¼ þó¾¢Ã ÛòÂ¡ Éò¾Ä÷ 

ˉ¸¢÷¦¸¡Î Ò¨Éó¾ ÝðÎ ÓüÈ¢ Á¨ÄÅÉ 14 

ˉÂ¡¢À ÓíÌÃ ¸¾ÌÄ Óí¸É ¦À¡ü§È÷ Å÷ì¸Óõ 

ˉ¨¼ÀÎ ¸Äí¸û §À¡üÍ Æ¢òÐ Å¢¨ÃÀ¼ 15 

´ØÌ¾¢ Ãó¾É¢ý ÓØ¸¢¦Â Øó¾É ˉîº¡ ¼òÐ¼ý 

ˉ¨¼¸¼ø «¾¢÷óÐ ÜôÀ¢ ÇìÌ ¿¨¼Â¢É 16 

¦º¸¾Äõ ±í¸Ïõ «¾¢ÃÓ Æí¸¢Â ÊôÀ¡ö ¦ÅüÈ¢Â 

¾¢ÃûÅ¨Ã À¢Îí¸¢ ¿¡ðÊ ¦Â¡ðÎ Ì¨ÆÂ¢É 17 

º¢ÉÁÄ¢ ¦ÅíÌÈû þÉ¦Á¡Î ¾¢ñÊÈø Áü§À¡÷ ¸üÀÉ 

¾¢¨ºÂÇ ×¿¢ýÚ ¿£ðÊ ¨ÅìÌõ «ÊÂ¢É 18 






¾¢¨º¸û¦¾¡ ÚõÀÄ Ì¨È¸û ±ØóÐÐ Êò¾¡ ¼îº¢¨È 

¦ºÈ¢¸Ø ¸Ãí¸¢ø Å£üÈ¢ ÕìÌõ «Ãº¢É 19 

¾¢Á¢ÃÀ¢ Äí¸¢Æ¢ À¼Å¢¨º ¦¸¡ñÎÌ ¾¢ò¾¡ Ä¢ôÀÉ 

º¢¸ÃÅ ¼ÌýÈ¢ ëüÈ¢ ÃðÊ ¦¿ÊÂÉ 20 

º¢È¢ÂÉ ¸¢ñ¸¢½¢ Â½¢ÌÕ Å¢ýºÃ ½òÂ¡ Éò¾¢É 

¾¢¨ºÀ¼ «¸ñ¼ º£÷ò¾¢ ¦Áîº¢ Â¢¨ÃÅÉ 21 

¾¢Á¢¨Ä¦À ÕõÀ¨È º¢ÚÀ¨È ¿¢ýÈ¾¢ Ãî§º Å¢òÐÂ÷ 

ºÂÁ¸û Å¢ÇíÌ §Åü¸ Ãò¨¾ ¦Á¡Æ¢ÅÉ 22 

¿¢Á¨Äò¡¢ ÂõÀ¸¢ ¸×¡¢¾¢ ¸õÀ¡¢ ¿¢÷ôÀ¡ ÅìÌ½ 

¿¢ÕÁÄ¢ Â¢ÃíÌ ¾¡öô¡¢ Âò¾ý «ÚÁ¸ý 29 

¿¢¸Ã¸ ÉíÌÄ º¢¸¡¢¦¾¡ Îõ¦ÀÕ ¦ÅüÀ¡÷ ˉüÀÄ 

¿¢¨ÈÂÕÅ¢ ¦¸¡ïº µîº¢ Âò¾¢ø ´Ç¢÷Í¨É 30 

¿¢Â¾¢Â¢ý ¿ý¸Ä÷ ¾½¢¨¸± ÛõÀ¾¢ ¿¢üÀ¡ý ÓüÀ¼ 

¦¿ÎÁ¸Ã º¢óÐ ¾£ôÀ Èì¸ ¦ÅÌÅ¢¾ 31 

¿¢Ò¼Ð Ãí¸¸ ºÅ¢Ã¾ ºíìÃÁ ¿¢ðÞ Ãì¦¸¡¨Ä 

¿¢Õ¾¨Ã ÓÉ¢ó¾ §À¡÷ì¸ Çò¾¢ø «Ä¨¸§Â. 32 

¾¢¡¢¸¼ ¦¾¡í¸¢¼ ¾¢¡¢¸¼ ¾¢í¸¢¼ ¾¢ò¾£ ¦ºì¸½ 

¦º¸¸½ ¦Á¡Æ¢óÐ Üò¾ ¨ÉòÐ ¿Å¢øÅÉ 23 

º¢¨ÄÁÄ¢ ¾¢ñÒÂ «ÍÃ÷º¢ Ãí¸û «ÎôÀ¡ ¨Åò¾Å÷ 

¦ºÈ¢Ì¼÷ ¿¢½í¸û ¸¡öîº¢ Á¢ì¸ «Â¢øÅÉ 24 

¿¢¸¡¢ø «ÈõÒ¡¢ ÌÕ¸Ä ÀïºÅ÷ ¦Áöòà Ðì¦¸¡Õ 

¿¢Á¢¼Á ¾¢ÄýÚ §À¡öì¸ Å¢ò¾ Á½¢ÓÊ 25 

¿¢ÕÀ÷À Âí¦¸¡Ç ¦¿Ú¦¿ ¦ÈÛõÀÊ ¦À¡üÀ£¼ò¾¢¨¼ 

¿¢¨Ä¦ÀÈ þÕóÐ áüÚ Å÷ìÌõ «ÅÃÈ¢ 26 

¿¢¨É×È ÅýÒÚõ ´ÕÀ¾¢ ¦ÉñÌ½ «ì§Ã¡ ½¢ôÀ¨¼ 

¿¢¸¢ÄÓ ÁÊóÐ ÜüÚ ÅüÌ ¿¢¨È×È 27 

¿¢ÄÁ¸û Åý¦À¡¨È ¸ÊÔÓ Ìó¾ýÓ ¾ü§ºñ Óð¼× 

¦¿È¢À¼ ¿¢Á¢÷ó¾ ¬ì¨¸ ÂüÌ ÁÕÁ¸ý 28 






10. ¾¢Õ»¡É §ÅÆ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

º¼¨Ä Àð¼¨Ä ˉ¼ø ±ÉôÀÎ 

¾ÕÁ º¢ò¾¢Ã Ü¼ Á¡É¨Å 1 

¾Å¢Ã ¿¢ð¸Ç ¦ÅÇ¢Â¢ø ¿¢üÀÉ 

ºÁÂ ¾÷ì¸Å¢ §Ã¡¾ Å¡¾¢¸û 2 

¾¸Ã ±üÚÅ Ò¸÷Á Éì¸¢¡¢ 

¾¨ÉÓ ÕìÌÅ, ¬¨º ¬½Å 3 

¾¨Çþ Âü¨¸¨Â Å¢¼¿ ÊôÀÉ 

ºÉÉ ÓüÈ¢Â º¡¾ Á¡õ±Ø 4 

¸¼ø¸ ¼ôÀÉ, ÀÎ¦¸¡ ¨ÄîºÁ÷ 

¸¼¸õ «ôÀÊ º¡Â §Á¡ÐÅ 5 

¸ÕÅ¢ ¨Éò¾Õõ þÕÅ¢¨Éò¦¾¡¼÷ 

¸ÆøÀ ¾ò¾É, §Â¡¸ º¡¾¸÷ 6 

¸¨ÇÀ È¢ôÀÉ, ¸¢¨Ç± ÉôÀÎ 

¸Å¨Ä ÍüÈ¢Â ¸¡Î º¡ÎÅ, 7 

«Å¢Â ¿ü¦À¡¨È ±Û¿ ¾¢ôÀ¢Ã 

ÇÂõ þ¨ÈôÀÉ, §Ä¡À §Á¡¸¢¾õ 10 

«¨ÅÓ È¢ôÀÉ, Á¾Ó Øò¾È¢ 

ÂÊÀ È¢ôÀÉ, Ã¡º ¾¡¾¢Â¢ý 11 

«¾¢Ì ½òÃÂ Á¾¢ø þÊôÀÉ, 

«ÇÅ¢ø ¾òÐÅ àÇ¢ Å£ÍÅ; 12 

¾¢¼Ó ¨¼îº¢¨È ÁÂ¢ø ˉ¨¸ò¦¾Ø 

º¢¸¡¢ Ìò¾¢Â §Å¨Ä ¿£ûÍ¨É 13 

¾¢ÉÓõ ˉüÀÄ ÁÄ÷¾¢ Õò¾½¢ 

þ¨È¾¢ ÕôÒ¸ú À¡Î ¿¡ÅÄ÷ 14 

¾¢Ãûô¡¢ ÂôÀ¼ þÉ¢¾ Ç¢ôÀÉ 

¦ºÂ¦Ä¡ Æ¢ò¾Ñ â¾¢ Á£Á¢¨º 15 

¾¢¸Øõ «üÒ¾ Á×É ¿¢÷ìÌ½ 

º¢ÅÁ Âò¾¢Õ »¡É §ÅÆ§Á. 16 

¸Õ¨½ ¦Áöò¾Å ¾¢ÕÅ Õð¸É 

¸ÅÇ ¦Á¡ìÌÅ, ¸¡Á Ã¡º¨É 8 

«¼ø¦¸ ÎôÀÉ, «¸¢Ä ¸üÀ¨É 

«Ãñ «Æ¢ôÀÉ, §¸¡À Á¡É¨Å 9 






11. ¾¢Õì¨¸Â¢ø ÅÆì¸ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

¾ÕìÌÅ ¦ºÕì¸Çõ ¦ÅÕì¦¸¡Ç «¾¢÷ôÀÉ 

¾¼ì¸Ãõ ¿¢Á¢÷òÐÂ÷ ˉÎìÌÄõ ˉ¾¢÷ôÀÉ, 1 

¾Êò¦¾Ø ÌÄôÒÅ¢ ¿ÎìÌÈ «¾¢÷ôÀÉ 

¾¨Æî¦ºÅ¢ À¨¼ôÀÉ, ¾¢Ãð¸Â¢¨Ä ´ôÀÉ, 2 

ºÐ÷ò¾º ¾Äò¨¾Ôõ ±Îò¾¸ ¼×ðÀ½¢ 

º¸ŠÃ À½Àò¾¢Ôõ ´ÎìÌÈ ¿¼ôÀÉ, 3 

ºÓòÃ Á¾Éò¾¢ø «Ó¾òÐ¼ý ˉ¾¢ôÀÉ, 

¾Ãò¾É, ¾¨ÄîÍÃ, ¿¾¢ôÒÉø ÌÇ¢ôÀÉ; 4 

«Õì¸÷ À¾õˉðÀ¼ Á¢¾¢ò¾¢Î À¾ò¾É; 

«ÈôÀÎ ¦¸¡¨Äò¦¾¡Æ¢ø ÒÈôÀÎ Ó¸ò¾É; 5 

«Ãì¸÷À ¨¼¦¸ðÎÓ È¢Âô¦À¡Õ À¾ò¾É; 

«ÂüÌõ «ÁÃ÷ìÌõ´ Õ¦À¡üÀ¾¢ ÂÇ¢ôÀÉ; 6 

«Ç¢ò¾Å ÓÐì¸ÅÇ ¦Á¡ìÌÅÉ; Óò¦¾È¢ 

«¨Äì¸¼ø ¸ÄìÌÅ; ÌÄì¸¢¡¢ ÌÖìÌÅ; 7 

Á¾¢ôÀ¢Ç ¦ÅÉî¦ºÕ¸¢ ¨Åò¦¾É Á½¢îºÐ÷ 

ÁÕôÀ¢É; þ¨ÁôÀÈ Å¢Æ¢ò¾ ¿ÂÉò¾É; 10 

Å¨Çò¾ ¸¢¡¢¨Âô ¦À¡ÊÀÎò¾¢ þÀõ±ð¨¼Ô 

Á¨Äò¾Åñ «ÊôÀ¼ Á¼ôÀ¢Ê «¨½ôÀÉ; 11 

Á¨ÆôÒÂø ¸¢Æ¢ôÀÉ ÒÉüÀº¢ ¾½¢ôÀÉ; 

Á½¢ì¸½ ¸ÉôÀ½ Á¾òÃÂõ Å¢¾¢÷ôÀÉ; 12 

¾¢Õò¾¢Â ÒÉò¾¢¨¼ ÅÉò¾¨Æ ˉÎò¾¢É¢ 

¾¢ÕôÀÅû Å¢ÕôÒÚ Å¨ÃôÒÂý Å¢¨ÉôÀ¨¸ 13 

¦ºÌôÀÅý ¿¢¨Éò¾¨Å ÓÊò¾Õû ìÕ¨Àì¸¼ø 

º¢Åò¾ ¸ÁÄî ºÃÅ½ò ¾ÚÓ¸ô¦À¡Õû 14 

¦º¸òÃÂ Ó¸¢úò¾ ˉ¾Ãò ¾¢¡¢Ò¨Ãì¦¸¡Õ 

¾¢ÕôÒ¾øÅý ˉüÀÄ ¸¢¡¢ô¦ÀÂ÷ ¾¡¢ò¾Õû 15 

¾¢Õò¾½¢ Á¨Äì¸¢¨È ¾¢ÕôÒ¸ú ÀÊôÀÅ÷ 

º¢Èô¦À¡Î ¦ÀÈò¾Õ ¾¢Õì¨¸Â¢ø ÅÆì¸§Á. 16 

«Êò¦¾Ø ¦À¡ÕôÀ¢¨É ¦¿Õô¦ÀÆ Å¢Æ¢ôÀÉ 

«¾¢ìÃÁ ¸ÁôÃ×¼ Å¢ìÃÁ Á¾ò¾É; 8 

ÁÕìÌÄ× ¸üÀ¸ ÅÉò¾Ä÷ ÀÈ¢ôÀÉ; 

Å¨Çò¦¾Ø ¾Õì¸¨Ç ¦Á¡Ùì¦¸É ÓÈ¢ôÀÉ; 9 






12. §ÅÊîº¢ ¸¡ÅÄý ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

ˉ¾Ã¸Á Äò¾¢É¢¨¼ Ó¾¢ÂÒÅ ÉòÃÂÓõ 

ˉ¸ÓÊÅ¢ø ¨ÅìÌõˉ¨Á Â¡û¦ÀüÈ À¡Ä¸Ûõ 1 

ˉÁ¢ú¾¢¨Ã ÀÃôÀ¢ÅÕ ¦ÅÌÓ¸ ÌÄôÀ¨ÆÂ 

ˉ¾¸Á¸û Àì¸øÅÕ §º¡¾¢î º¼¡ÉÛõ 2 

ˉÅ¨¸¦Â¡Î ¸¢÷ò¾¢¨¸Â÷ «ÚÅÕõ ±Îì¸«Å÷ 

´ÕÅ¦Ã¡Õ Å÷ì¸Å¦½¡÷ µ÷ÒòÃý ¬ÉÅÛõ 3 

ˉ¾ÂÃÅ¢ Å÷ì¸¿¢¸÷ ÅÉ¸¢Ã½ Å¢÷ò¾Å¢¾õ 

ˉ¨¼Âº¾ ÀòÃ¿Å À£¼òÐ Å¡úÀÅÛõ 4 

ˉ¨ÈºÃÅ ½ì¸¼×û ÁÎÅ¢Ä¼÷ ÅˆÃ¾Ã 

Û¨¼ÂÁ¾ ¦ÅüÒ¨ÄÂ §Å¾¢ò¾ Å£¡¢ÂÛõ 5 

ˉ¨È¦ÀÈ ÅÌò¾Õ¨½ ¿¸¡¢ý´Õ Àò¾É¢Îõ 

´Ç¢ÅÇ÷ ¾¢ÕôÒ¸úÁ ¾¡½¢ìÕ À¡¸ÃÛõ; 6 

ˉÃ¸¸½ º¢ò¾¸½ ¸Õ¼¸½ Â‡¸½õ 

ˉÀ¿¢¼õ ˉ¨Ãò¾ÀÊ âº¢ìÌõ Å¡ÉÅÛõ 7 

´ÕÅÛõ Á¸¢úîº¢¾Õ ÌÕÀÃÛõ ˉò¾ÁÛõ 

ˉÀÂÓÚõ «ì¿¢¸Ã Á£¾¢üôÃ À¡¸ÃÛõ 8 

«¾¢ÁÐÃ º¢òÃ¸Å¢ ¿¢ÕÀÛõ «¸ò¾¢ÂÛõ 

«Ê¦¾¡Ø ¾Á¢úòÃÂÅ¢ §¿¡¾ì ¸Ä¡¾ÃÛõ 9 

«Å¨Ã¦À¡¡¢ ¦ÂðÀÂÚ ÐÅ¨Ã«Åø º÷ì¸¨Ã¦Â¡ 

¼ÓÐ¦ºÔõ Å¢ì¿À¾¢ Â¡¨Éî º§¸¡¾ÃÛõ 10 

«×½÷À¨¼ ¦¸ðÎÓÐ Á¸ÃºÄ Åð¼Ó¼ý 

«ÀÂÁ¢¼ Å¢üÀ¨¼¦¸¡ ¼¡Âò¾ Á¡ÉÅÛõ 11 

«Õ¨½Â¢ø þ¨¼ì¸Æ¢Â¢ø ˉÃ¸¸¢¡¢ Â¢üÒÅ¢Â¢ø 

«Æ¸¢Â ¦ºÕò¾½¢Â¢ø Å¡ú¸üÀ ¸¡¼Å¢Â¢ø 12 

«È¢×õ«È¢ ¾òÐÅÓõ «À¡¢Á¢¾ Å¢ò¨¾¸Ùõ 

«È¢¦ÂÉ þ¨Áô¦À¡Ø¾¢ý Å¡úÅ¢ò¾§Å¾¢ÂÛõ 13 

«¡¢À¢ÃÁ ÕìÌÓ¾ø «¡¢ÂÀÃ ÁüÌÂÕõ 

«ÕÁ¨È ÓÊô¨ÀÔÀ §¾º¢ò¾ §¾º¢¸Ûõ 14 

«ÁÄÛõ ±Éì¸ÃÍõ «¾¢Ì½Ûõ ¿¢÷ìÌ½Ûõ 

«¸¢ÄÒÅ Éò¾ÁÃ §º¨ÉìÌ ¿¡Â¸Ûõ 15 

«ÑÀÅÛõ «üÒ¾Ûõ «ÑÌ½Ûõ «‡ÃÛõ 

«ÕÁÉõ ´Æ¢ìÌõ«Ñ â¾¢î Í§¸¡¾ÂÛõ 16 

þ¾Á¸¢¾õ Å¢ðÎÕ¸¢ þÃ×À¸ ÄüÈþ¼õ 

±É¾È þÕì¨¸Ò¡¢ §Â¡¸ô ÒÃ¡¾ÉÛõ 17 

±ÉÐÁÉ º¢üÀÃÁ Í¸Á×É ¸ð¸Á¨¾ 

ÂÁýÓÊ Ð½¢ì¸Å¢¾¢ Â¡¨Åò¾ âÀ¾¢Ôõ 18 






±Ø¨ÁÔõ ±¨Éò¾ÉÐ ¸ÆøÀÃ× Àò¾§ÉÉ 

þÉ¢Ð¸Å¢ ÂôÀÊôÃ º¡¾¢ò¾ À¡ÅÄÛõ 19 

þ¨ÁÂÅ÷ ÓÊò¦¾¡¨¸Ôõ ÅÉºÃ÷ ¦À¡ÕôÒ¦ÁÉ 

¾¢¾ÂÓ Á½ìÌÁ¢Õ À¡¾î º§Ã¡Õ¸Ûõ 20 

±Ø¾¡¢Â ¸üÀ¾Õ ¿¢ÆÄ¢øÅÇ÷ ¾ò¨¾¾Ø 

Å¢Â¸¼¸ ÅˆÃ«¾¢ À¡Ãô ÒÂ¡ºÄÛõ 21 

±¾¢¡¢øÒÄ Å÷ìÌ¾× ¦ÅÇ¢Ó¸Î Óð¼ÅÇ÷ 

þ×Ç¢Ó¸¢ ¨Âô¦À¡Õ¾ Ã¡×ò¾ É¡ÉÅÛõ 22 

ÅÂ¢¡¢¨º ÓÆì¸Á¢Ì Á¨Æ¾Åú ÌÈ¢îº¢¦¾¡Úõ 

Á¸¢úÌÃ¨Å ÔðÊ¡¢Ôõ §ÅÊì¨¸ §ÅÎÅÛõ 29 

ÁÃ¸¾Á ½¢ôÀ½¢Â¢ý «½¢¾¨Æ ˉÎòÐÄ×õ 

ÅÉºÃ÷ ¦¸¡Êîº¢¾¨É Â¡º¢ìÌõ Â¡º¸Ûõ 30 

Á¾ÉýÅ¢Î ÒðÀºÃ À¼ÄÓ¼ø «ò¾¨ÉÔõ 

Á¼¦ÄØ¾¢ ¿¢üÌÁ¾¢ §Á¡¸ò ¾§À¡¾ÉÛõ 31 

Å¡¢º¢¨Ä Á¨ÄìÌÈÅ÷ ÀÃÅ¢Â ÒÉò¾¢¾½¢ý 

ÁÂ¢¦ÄÉ þÕìÌ¦Á¡Õ §ÅÊîº¢ ¸¡ÅÄ§É. 32 

±ØÀ¡¢ Ã¾ò¾¢ÃÅ¢ ±Ø¿¢Ä¦Á¡ ¼ì¸¡¢¸û 

þ¼÷À¼ ÓÆì¸¢¦ÂØ §ºÅü À¾¡¨¸ÂÛõ 23 

þ¨½Â¢Ä¢Ôõ ¿¢÷ôÀÂÛõ ÁÄÁ¢Ä¢Ôõ ¿¢‰¸ÇÛõ 

þ¨ÇÂÅÛõ Å¢ôÃÌÄ Â¡¸î ºÀ¡À¾¢Ôõ 24 

ÁÐ¨¸¦Â¡Î ºìÃ¸¢¡¢ ÓÐÌ¦¿Ç¢ ÂôÒÅ¢¨Â 

Å¨ÇÂÅÕõ Å¢ìÃÁ¸ Ä¡Àî º¢¸¡ÅÄÛõ 25 

ÅÄ¢Â¿¢¸ Çò¾¢¦É¡Î ÁÚÌº¢¨È Àð¦¼¡Æ¢Â 

ÅÉƒÓÉ¢ ¨Âîº¢È¢Ð §¸¡À¢ò¾ ¸¡ÅÄÛõ 26 

ÅÕÍÃ÷ Á¾¢ì¸´Õ ÌÕÌ¦ÀÂ÷ ¦ÀüÈ¸É 

Å¼º¢¸¡¢ ÀðÎÕÅ §Åø¦¾¡ð¼ §ºÅ¸Ûõ 27 

ÅÃ¾Ûõ «ÑìÃ¸Ûõ ¿¢Õ¾÷ÌÄ ¿¢‰ÎÃÛõ 

ÁÑÀÅÉ º¢ò¾ÛÁ §¿¡Ðì¸ §À¾ÉÛõ 28 






13. §ºÅ¸ý ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

þÕÀ¢¨È ±Â¢Ú ¿¢Ä¦ÅÆ ˉ¼Äõ 

þÕûÀÎ ¦º¡ÕÀõ ˉ¨¼ì§¸¡ Å¢¼§Å 1 

þÚ¸¢Â ¸Â¢Ú À¼Å¢¨É ÓÎ¸¢ 

±ÁÀ¼÷ À¢¼¡¢ À¢Êò§¾ ¦¸¡Î§À¡ö 2 

«ÕÁ¨È Ó¨ÈÂ¢ý Ó¨È Ó¨È ¸Õ¾¢ 

«¾¡¢¨¼ ¦ÅÕÅ ´Úò¾¡ø Å¨¸Â¡ø 3 

«È¢¦Å¡Î ÁÐÃ ¦Á¡Æ¢ÂÐ ÌÆÈ¢ 

«ÄÁÕ ¦À¡Ø¾¢ø «¨Æò¾¡ø ÅÕÅ¡ö 4 

´ÕÀÐ º¢ÃÓõ þÕÀÐ ¸ÃÓõ 

Å¢Æ´Õ À¸Æ¢ ¦¾¡Îò§¾¡ý ÁÕ¸¡ 5 

ˉÃÁÐ ¦À¡¢Â ¾¢¡¢ÒÃõ ±¡¢Â 

ˉÂ÷¸É ¸¢¡¢¨Â Å¨Çò§¾¡÷ Ò¾øÅ¡ 6 

ÁÕÅÇ÷ «¼Å¢ ÅÉ¢¨¾Â÷ ÀÃÅ 

ÁÃ¸¾ þ¾½¢ø þÕôÀ¡û ¸½Å¡ 7 

Å¨Ç¸¼ø ¸¾È ¿¢º¢ºÃ÷ ÁÊÂ 

Á¨Ä¦Â¡Î ¦À¡Õ¾ ÓØî§º Å¸§É. 8 






14. §ÅøÅ¡íÌ ÅÌôÒ --- ãÄõ 

¾¢¼Å¢Â ¦¿ïÍ¨¼ «ÊÂ÷þ Îõ¨À¦¸ ÎõÀÊ 

¾£Â¡íÌ¨È §À¡Â¡úó¾Ð 1 

¦ºÂ¦ºÂ ±ýÈ¢¨º ÀÃÅ¢Â ±í¸û¦¸¡ Îí¸Ä¢ 

§¾º¡ó¾Ã §Áº¡öó¾Ð 2 

¦ºÂÖ¨Ã ¿ïÍÈú ÁÂÖÚ ¦¿ïº¢É÷ Åïº¸÷ 

¾£Á¡ý¸¾÷ ¾¡§Áí¸¢É÷ 3 

º¢¸Ã¾ Ãí¸¢¾ Á¸Ã¦¿ ÕíÌ¦À Õí¸¼ø 

¾£ãñÎ¾ý Å¡öÁ¡ñ¼Ð 4 

¦¾¡¢ÂÄ÷ ¦ºýÈ¨¼ ¾¢¨º¸Ç¢ø ±ñ¸¡¢ º¢õ¦ÀÆ 

Á¡È¡í¸¢¡¢ áÈ¡ó¦¾¡¨Ç 5 

º¢¸Ã¦¿ Îí¸¢¡¢ Ì¨¸¸û¾¢ ÈóÐ¾¢ ¸ó¾Óõ 

§Ä¡¸¡ó¾Ó ¿£÷§¾í¸¢É 6 

º¢¨ÈÔû «Øó¾¢Â Ì¨È¸û´ Æ¢óÐ¦º Âí¦¸¡Î 

§¾§Åó¾¢Ã÷ §º½¡ñ¼É÷ 7 

¾¢¡¢ÒÅ Éí¸Ùõ ´ÕÀÂõ þýÈ¢Å Çí¦¸Ø 

º£÷âñ¼È §¿÷âñ¼É; 8 

Å¢¼Åº Éïº¢Ä À¨ÈÔõÅ¢ ¡¢ïºýÅ¢ Äí¸Ð 

¸¡øâñÎ¾ý §Áø¾£÷ó¾Éý 9 

Å¢¸º¢¾ Íó¾Ã Å¢¾Ã½ ³ó¾Õ ¦Åó¦¾Æ¢ø 

Å£Å¡ý¦À¡Æ¢ø âÅ¡öó¾Ð 10 

Å¢¨Æ×¾ ÕõÀ¾ ºº¢¾ýÅ¢ Çí¸¢Â Áí¸Ä 

áøÅ¡íÌ¸¢ Ä¡ûÅ¡úó¾Éû 11 

¦ÅÕÅ¢ ´Ðí¸¢¨Á ÂÅ¦ÃÅ Õïº¢¨È ¦ÅýÈ¢¾ 

§ÁÄ¡õÀÊ §ÂÁ£ñ¼É÷ 12 

Å¢Æ¢¦Â¡÷þ Ãñ¦¼¡Õ ÀÐº¾ ¿¢ý¦È¡¢ ¸ñ¼¸ý 

§ÁøÅ¡í¸¢¨Ç ¸¡øº¡öó¾Ð 13 

¦ÅÇ¢ÓØ Ðó¾¢¨º ÓØÐõÅ¢ Øí¸¢ ±Øí¸É 

Ý÷Á¡ñ¼È §Å÷Á¡öó¾Ð 14 

Å¢Ò¾÷ ÀÂí¦¸¼ ¿¢Õ¾÷ ¾Çí¦¸¼ Å¢ñ¦¸Î 

§Á¼¡õÀÊ À¡§¼¡í¸¢É 15 

Á¢¨¼ÌÈû ¦Åí¦¸¡Ê ¸ØÌ ÀÕóÐ Å¢Õó¦¾É 

°É¡÷ó¾¸ø Å¡É¡÷ó¾É; 16 

«¼Å¢À Îïº¨¼ Á×Ä¢Â¢ø ¦ÅõÀ½¢ ÂõÀ½¢ 

Â¡Á¡í¸¾÷ Å¡Á¡í¸¨É 17 

«ÑÀ¨Å «õÀ¢¨¸ «Ñ¾¢¨¾ «õ¨Àò¡¢ ÂõÀ¸¢ 

¬º¡õÀ¨Ã À¡º¡íÌ¨º 18 






«¿¨¸ «ºïº¨Ä «¾¢Ì½ Íó¾¡¢ «ó¾¡¢ 

¸¡Ä¡ó¾¸¢ §ÁÄ¡ó¾¢Õ 19 

«Á¨Ä «ÄíìÕ¨¾ «À¢¿Â ÀíÌ¨Ã ºí¸¢É¢ 

Á¡É¡í¸½¢ »¡É¡íÌ¨Ã 20 

«½¢Ó¸ Àó¾¢¸û º¢Ú¦À¡È¢ º¢ó¾Å¢ ¨Çó¾Æø 

Å¡ö¸¡ýÈ¢Î ¿¡¸¡í¸¨¾ 21 

«ÀÂÅ ÃõÒ¡¢ ˉÀÂ¸ Ãó¾¢¸ú «ó¾½¢ 

Â¡Á¡í¸È¢ ¾¡öÁ¡ñÀ¢Éû 22 

ÁÕ¾¢¨¼ ¦ºýÚÂ÷ º¸Î¾ Êó¾¼÷ ¦ÅõÒ¨Ç 

Å¡ö¸£ñ¦¼¡Õ §Àö¸¡öó¾Åý 29 

Á¾ºÂ¢ Äõ¦À¡Ã ÅÃÅ¢Î ¦¿ïº¢É¢ø Åïº¸ 

Á¡Á¡ýÀ¨¸ §¸¡Á¡ýÈ¢Õ 30 

ÁÕ¸ý ¿¢ÃõÀ¢Â Á¾¢Ó¸ Áïº¡¢ Ìïº¡¢ 

Å¡¸¡õÀ¨Ã §¾¡ö¸¡í§¸Âý 31 

Á¸À¾¢ ¾ýÀ¾¢ À¨¸¸¢Æ¢ ÔõÀÊ «ýÈ¼ø 

Å¡§Ç¡í¸¢Â §ÅøÅ¡í¸§Å. 32 

«Ð¨Ä¾ Õó¾¢Õ Á¾¨ÄÂ¢ Àí¦¸¡ûÀ Âí¦¸¡Î 

À¡öÁ¡ñ¸¨Ä Å¡öÁ¡ñÒÉ 23 

«½¢ÌÈ Á¢ýÒ½÷ ¾½¢¨¸Â¢ø «ó¾½ý þó¾¢Ã 

Ã¡º¡í¸Á ¾¡Ã¡öó¾Åý; 24 

Å¼¨ÅÂ¢ ÎõÀÊ Á½¢ÓÊ Àï¦ºÆ Å¢ïº¢Â 

Á¡¼¡õÒ¨¼ ¿¡¼¡ñ¼¨¸ 25 

Å¨º¸Õ ÐíÌÕ À¾¢¦Â¡Î ¾õÀ¢Â ÕõÀ¼ 

§ÅÀ¡ñ¼Å÷ §¾å÷ó¾Åý 26 

ÅÇÅ¢øÅ Ç÷ó¾¢¨¼ Á¸Ç¢÷Ì Å¢óÐ¾ ¼íÌ¨¼ 

Å¡÷âóÐ¸¢ø Å¡÷âõâÂø 27 

Å¨Ã¿¢¨Ã ¸ýÈ¢É ÓØÐÁ Âí¸¢Â Àñ¦¸Ø 

§Å§Âó¾¢Â Å¡Â¡ý¸Æø 28 






15. ÒÂ ÅÌôÒ 

Å¨º¾Å¢÷¸¸É ºÃº¢Å ¸Ã½ Á¸¡ùÕ¾ 

º£Ä º¡Ä ÅÃÓ¿¢ º¢ò¾¨Ã 

«ïºø «ïºø ±ýÚ Å¡úÅ¢ò Ð¿¢ýÈÉ 1 

Á½¢Å¼ ÁÆ¨Ä ˉ¨¼Á½¢ ¾ÀÉ¢Â ¿¡½Æ 

¸¡¸ ¿¡Ê Å¨¸Å¨¸ ¸ðÎÁ 

ÕíÌ ¼ý¦À¡ ÕóÐ ¡£¾¢ì ¸¢¨ºó¾É 2 

ÅÕ½¢¾ ¸¢Ã½ ÅÕ½¢¾ ¦ÅÌ¾Õ ½¡¾À 

§º¡¾¢ Â¡¨¼ ÅÊ×¦À ÈôÒ¨É 

¾¢ñ¦º ØíÌ Èí¸¢ý §Áø¨Åò ¾¨ºó¾É 3 

Å¨Ç¸¼ø ˉÄ¨¸ ÅÄõÅÕ À×¡¢ Å¢§É¡¾¸ 

Ä¡À §¸¡À ÁÂ¢øÅ¾ ÉòÐÅ¢ 

ÇíÌõ «íÌ ºí¸ ¼¡Å¢î º¢Èó¾É 4 

Å¨ÃÀ¸ ¿¢Õ¾÷ ÓÊÀ¸ Á¸Ã Á§¸¡¾¾¢ 

¾£Â¢ý Å¡Â¢ý ÁÚ¸Å¢ ¾¢÷ò¾Â¢ø 

¦ÅýÈ¢ ¾íÌ Ðí¸ §Å¨Äô Ò¨Éó¾É 5 

Á¾¢¦ÂÉ ˉ¾Â ÃÅ¢¦ÂÉ Å¨ÇÀÎ §¾¡øÅ¢ 

º¡Ä ¿£Ä ÁÄ¢À¡¢ ¨ºôÀ¨¼ 

¦¸¡ñÎ ¿¢ýÚ ÆýÚ º¡¾¢ì¸ Óó¾¢É 6 

ÁÉÌ½ ºÄÉ ÁÄ¢ÉÁ¢ø à¢Â« ¾£¾Í 

¸¡Ñ â¾¢ Á×É¿¢ Ã‡Ã 

Áó¾¢ Ãõ¦À¡ Õó¾¢ Á¡÷À¢ü È¢¸úó¾É 7 

Å¨¸Å¨¸ ÌØÁ¢ ¦Á¡Ì¦Á¡Ì ¦Á¡¦¸É «§¿¸º 

Ó¸ Ã¡¸ ÁÐÀõÅ¢ Æîº¢Ú 

ºñÀ ¸ï¦º È¢ó¾ ¾¡¡¢ü ¦À¡Ä¢ó¾É 8 

Á¢¨ºÁ¢¨º ¸ÚÅ¢ ¦ÅÇ¢Ó¸ ¼Ç× ¿¢º¡ºÃ 

§º¨É §¾Ê Å¢¾¾¢¦À Èîº¢Ä 

¸í¸ ½í¸ Èí¸ Á£¾¢ü ÍÆýÈÉ 9 

¦ÅÕ×Å ¦ÅÕÅ ±¡¢¦º¡¡¢ Å¢Æ¢ÔÇ â¾À¢ 

º¡Í §À¡¾ Á¢Ì¦¾¡É¢ ÀüÈ¢Ó 

ÆíÌ Å¢ïÍ ¸ñ¨¼ Å¡º¢ì ¨¸¦¸¡ñ¼É 10 

Å¢¾Á¢Ì ÀÃ¾ ÍÃÅÉ¢ ¨¾Â÷¸½ §Áø¦¾¡Úõ 

Ä£¨Ä Â¡¸ Å¢ÁÄº Äò¾¢¨É 

Å¢ñÊ ÈóÐ ¦Á¡ñÎ Å£º¢ô ¦À¡Ä¢ó¾É 11 

Å¢¾Ã½ ¾ÕÅ¢ý ÁÄ¡¢¨¼ ¦ºÕ¸¢Â Ü¾Ç 

¿£À Á¡¨Ä Å¢Ò¾÷Ì ÄìÌÄ¢ 

ºýÀ Âó¾ ¦ºí¨¸ Â¡¨Éì ¸¢¨ºó¾É 12 

Å¢¸º¢¾ ¾ÁÃ À¡¢ÒÃ ÓÇ¡¢ ¦¾¡Æ¡ «À¢ 

Ã¡Á §Å¼÷ Å¢Á¨Ä¾¢ ¨ÉôÒÉ 

Áí¨¸ ¦¸¡í¨¸ ¸ñÎ §Å¨Çô ÒÌó¾É 13 

Å¢¾¢÷¾Õ ºÁÃ ÓÈ¢¸Ã ¸ÁÄ ¿¸¡Ô¾ 

§¸¡Æ¢ Å£È Å¢¾Ã½ º¢òÃ« 

ÄíìÕ ¾õÒ ¨ÉóÐ â¡¢ò ¾¢Äí¸¢É 14 






Å¢ÃÌ¨¼ ±ÉÐ ÁÉÐ¼ý «¸¢øÀÉ¢ ¿£÷ÒØ 

§¸¡¼ Ç¡Å¢ õÕ¸Á¾ ¸üÒÃ 

ÌíÌ Áí¸ ÄóÐ âº¢ò Ð¨¾ó¾É 15 

Å¢¨ÉÒ¡¢ ÀÅÉ¢ ¦¾¡Ø¾Ø ÐÕ¸¢Â §¸¡¨¾Â÷ 

àÐ §À¡¸ Å¢ÎÁÐ À‡½ 

ÅñÊ Éó¾¢ ÃñÎ ÝÆô ÀÊó¾É 16 

þ¨º¾É¢ø þÉ¢Â ¸Â¢º¢¨¸ ¸×¼ ÅÃ¡Ç¢¾ 

É¡º¢ §¾º¢ ÀÂ¢ÃÅ¢ Ìîº¡¢ 

ÀïÍ Ãó¦¾ ¡¢óÐ Å£¨½ì ¸¢¨ºó¾É 17 

þÚ¾¢Â¢ø ˉ¾Â ÃÅ¢¸½ ¿¢¸¦ÃÉ ¬È¢Õ 

¸¡Ð §¾¡Ôõ þÄÌÁ ½¢ì¸É 

Å¢õÀ Ìñ¼ Äí¸û §ÁÅ¢ô ÒÃñ¼É 18 

±¾¢÷ÀÎ ¦¿ÊÂ ¾Õ«Î ¦À¡¢Â ¸¼¡õˉÁ¢ú 

¿¡¸ §Á¸õ þÊÀ¼ Áü¦À¡Õ 

¾¢ñº¢ ÄõÀ ¼í¸ §Á¡¾¢ô À¢Îí¸¢É 19 

±Ø¾Õõ «ÆÌ ¿¢ÈÁÄ¢ ¾¢Èøþ¨º Â¡¸,ˉ 

¾¡Ã ¾£Ãõ ±É ˉ¨Ã ¦ÀüÈ,« 

¼í¸ Öïº¢ ÈóÐ º¡Äò ¾ÐõÀ¢É 20 

þÕû¦À¡Õ ¸¢Ã½ þÃ½¢Â Å¼ÌÄ À¡¡¢Â 

§ÁÕ º¡¾¢ þÉ¦ÁÉ ´òÐÄ 

¸í¸û ±í¸ ÏõôÃ ¸¡º¢òÐ ¿¢ýÈÉ 21 

þÂýÓ¿¢ ÀÃÅ ´ÕÅ¢¨º «ÕÅ¨Ã ä¼¾¢ 

À¡Ã §¸¡Ã þ×Ç¢Ó ¸ò¾Åû 

¦¸¡í¨¸ ¦¸¡ñ¼ ºñ¼ Á¡÷¨Àô À¢Çó¾É 22 

þÀÃ¾ ÐÃ¸ ¿¢º¢ºÃ÷ ¦¸¼´Õ ÝÃ¨É 

Á¡÷Ò À£È¢ «ÅÛ¾¢ ÃôÒÉø 

¦ºí¸ ÇóÐ Çí¸¢ ¬Êî º¢Åó¾É 23 

±¨Å¦Â¨Å ¸Õ¾¢ø «¨ÅÂ¨Å ¾Õ¦¸¡¨¼ Â¡øÁ½¢ 

§Á¸ Ã¡º¢ ÍÃÀ¢Â Åü¦È¡Î 

ºí¸ ¸ïº Àïº º¡Äò¨¾ ¦ÅýÈÉ 24 

«¨ºÅÈ ¿¢¨ÉÔõ «Å÷ÀÅõ «¸Ä¦Å §ÁøÅÕ 

¸¡Ä à¾¨Ã Ô¨¼Ôõ «ôÀÊ 

«íÌõ þíÌõ ±íÌõ µ¼ò ÐÃó¾É 25 

«¸¢ÄÓõ ±ÉÐ ¦ºÂÄÄ ¾¢¨Ä¦ÂÉ Â¡¦ÉÉ 

Å£Ú ÜÈ¢ «È×Á¢ Ìò¦¾Øõ 

³õÒ Äý¾¢ Âí¸¢ Å£Æò ¾¢Á¢÷ó¾É 26 

«É¦ÄØ ÐÅºõ ˉÎÌÄõ ˉ¾¢ÃÅ¢ §Â¡ÁÓõ 

²Ø À¡Õõ «ºÄÓõ Á¢ì¸À¢ 

Äí¸ ÙíÌ Öí¸ ¬Ä¢ò ¾¾¢÷ó¾É 27 

«¼ø¦¿Î ¿¢Õ¾÷ ¾ÇÁÐ ÁÊÂ ÅÄ¡¡¢¾ý 

Å¡¨É ¬Ç «ÃÍ¦¸¡ Îò¾À 

ÂõÒ Ìó¾ «ñ¼ å¨Ãô ÒÃó¾É 28 






«¼Å¢Â¢ø Å¢Ç× ¾ÇÅÄ÷ ÐÇ× ÌÃ¡Á¸¢ú 

§¸¡¼ø À¡¼ø «Ç¢ÓÃø ¦ºî¨ºÂ 

Äí¸ø ¦ºí¸ ¼õÒ §¿º¢ò ¾½¢ó¾É 29 

«¡¢Â¦¾¡÷ ¾Á¢ú¦¸¡ Î¡¢¨Á¦Â¡ ¼Ê¦¾¡Ø §¾¸Å¢ 

Á¡¨Ä Â¡¸ «Ê¨Á¦¾¡ Îò¾¢Î 

Òý¦º¡ø ´ýÚ ¿¢ó¾¢ Â¡Áü Ò¨Éó¾É 30 

«Æ¸¢Â ÌÁÃý ˉ¨Á¾¢Õ Á¾¨Ä À¸£Ã¾¢ 

Á¡¾÷ Å¡Øõ «ÚÅ÷ ô¡¢ÂôÀÎ 

¸ó¾ý ±ó¨¾ Â¢óòÃ ¿£Äî º¢ÄõÀ¢Éý 31 

«ÑÀÅý «¿¸ý «ÉÉ¢Âý «ÁÄý «§Á¡¸ý« 

§¿¸ý ²¸ý «À¢ÉÅý ¿¢ò¾¢Âý 

«ïº ¦ÄýôÃ ºñ¼ Å¡¨¸ô ÒÂí¸§Ç. 32 






16. º¢òÐ ÅÌôÒ 

«¼øÒ ¨Éó¾ §ÅÖ ÁÂ¢Öõ ±ýÚõ Å¡Æ¢ 

«¡¢Â ¦¾¡ýÚ ÜÈ «Õ¸¢ ÕóÐ §¸ñÁ¢ý 1 

«ÇÅ¢ø ÀÄ¸¡Â §Á¡¼¡Ê Âñ¼÷ 

«È¢Â Å¢¨ÇÂ¡¼ Å÷ÓÄ¢ ´ýÈ¢ø 2 

¬¨º §ÅÈ¢¨Ä «ÚÓ¸ Åý¾¢Õ 

¬¨½ §ÁÕ¨Å «Ê¾¨Ä ¸ñ¼Éõ 3 

«¸¢Ä §Ä¡¸Óõ «¨¼Å¨¼ §ÅÓ¾ø 

«ÕÇ¢ §É¡õ«Ð º¢ÅÉÈ¢ Â¡¾Ä 4 

«¨ÁÔõ ±ÛõÀÊ ¿¢ýÈ Á§¿¡Ã¾õ 

«¨ÅÓØ Ðó¾Õ ÅõÀ¾ È¡Ð¦¸¡û 5 

¬¾¢Ô ÓÊ×Á¢ Ä¡¿ó ¾ó¾Õõ 

¬È¢Õ ¸Ã¾Ä ¿¡¾ý ¾ó¾¨Å 6 

( Àîº¢¨Ä ãÄ¢¨¸¸û, ÁÕóÐ Å¨¸¸û ). 

«×„¾õ ˉÇº¢Ä ¸¢Ö¸¢ Öô¨À¸û 

«Ãº¢¨Ä ¿ÚÅ¢Ä¢ ¸¡¢Â ¸ì¸¡¢ 7 

«ò¾¢ ¦ºõÀ¢ Ã¡¨¸ Óð¸¡Å¨Ç 

Ðò¾¢ ºí¸õ µ¡¢ ¾úò¾¡Á¨Ã 8 

«×¡¢ ¸üÈ¡¨Æ ¦Â¡Î¨ÅÌ È¢ïº¢Ä¢ 

º¢Å¢È¢ ¸ò¾¡¡¢ ¦À¡Î¾¨Ä ºñÀ¸õ 9 

¬¨Ã¦¸¡Î §ÅÄ¢ §Åø¸¡ïº¢Ãõ 

Å£¨ÃÂ¢Õ §ÅÄ¢ §À¡£ ó¾¢¨Ä 10 

«ÓìÌÃ ¦ÅÕì¸¢¨Ä ÓÕì¸¢¾ú ¦ºÕôÀ¨¼ 

«¸ò¾¢ ¾ÁÃò¨¾ Á¾Áò¾¦Á¡Î À¢ò¾¢¨¸ 11 

¬Äõ ¬ò¾¢ ¸Îì¨¸ ¦¸¡Êì¸Æø 

§¸¡Ä¢ §¾ð¸¨¼ ¦¿öì¦¸¡¨¼ Åì¸¨½ 12 

«¸¢øÀ Ãõ¨À ¸¡¨Ã Ð¼¡¢ Ðõ¨À Ý¨Ã 

«Ä¡¢ ºõÒ ¿¡Åø ÁÕÐ º¢óÐ Å¡Ãõ 13 

«ÚÌ ¾Ø¾¡¨Æ Á¡À¡¨Ä ÒýÌ 

ÒÃÍ ÀØÀ¡¸ø âÄ¡ «Æ¢ïº¢ø 14 

¬Â¢ Ä¡Å¢¨Ã þÈÄ¢ þÕõÀ¢Ä¢ 

¬Ê ¬Å½¢ Ò¼Á¢¼ ±ýÈ¨Æ 15 

«ÅÉ¢ À¡¼Ä ÁÉÄ Á¸£ Õ¸õ 

þ¨Åº ãÄÓõ ±ØÀÐ º¡Ä¨¼ 16 

«¾¢Á ÐÃó¾¸ Ãïº¢Ú À¡Ä¨¼ 

À¾¢Ó¸ ¦Åó¾Â Á¢ý¸Â §Á¡¾¸õ 17 

¬È¢¨¼ «À¢É¢¡¢ ¾¡Ãí ¸ó¾¸õ 

áÈ¢¨¼ ¾¢¡¢À¨Ä §Â¡¦Ã¡ý ¦ÈñÀÄõ 18 






«¾¢Å¢¼ ÂÓ¦Á¡Æ¢ ¸¢ÕÁ¢ ºòÕ×õ 

«ÉøÓÚ ¸ÖÁÈ ÓÚÌ Ðò¾Óõ 19 

«üÀõ ´ýÚ ¸£¨Ã Å¢ò§¾Æ¢¨¼ 

Âò¾¢ø ´ýÚ À¡¾¢ ¾ì§¸¡ÄÓõ 20 

«¼Å¢ ¸î§º¡Ä ¿¢Á¢¨Ç ¿ÚõÀ¢º¢ý 

«¡¢¾õ ¦ÅðÀ¡¨Ä «¡¢º¢ ¸Õí¸½¢ 21 

¬ÁÄ¸õ ²Äõ ¿¡ýãýÈ¢¨¼ 

§ºÁº¢¡Ä Ü¼ §Ä¡¸¡ïºÉõ 22 

«Ãô¦À¡Ê ¸ÊôÀ¨¸ Å¢¼ò¾¢Ã ½ÁôÀ¢Ã 

¸ºò¨¾º¾ ÌôÀ¢Å¢¨¾ ¦¸¡ò¾ÁÄ¢ ¾¢ôÀ¢Ä¢ 23 

¬Ä¢ §¸¡ð¼õ ±Ä¢ôÀ¨¸ ºîº¢¨Ä 

¿£Ä¢ ¸¡öîÍ ¿¢ÄôÀ¨É ¸üÀ¢º¢ý 24 

Á¼øº¢ Åó¾ ¾¡¨Æ Á½Å ºõÒ ¿£Äõ 

ÅÕÌ Õõ¨À §¸¡¼ø ÐÕÍ ºõÀ¢ Ã¡½¢ 25 

Á¡¢º¢ ÅºÅ¡º¢ ¸¡¸£º Áïºû 

Á¸¢Æ Å¢¨¾§Á¨¾ Á¡§Á¨¾ ÌýÈ¢ 26 

Å¨¸Å¨¸ ¦¸¡ñ¦¼¡Õ Áñ¼Ä §Á¡¦Ã¡Î 

Ì¨¸Â¢É¢ø ±ñÀÐ ¦ºõÀ¢É¢ø °È¨Å 29 

Å¡¾¿ø ÅÆ¢¸û «§¿¸õ Àñ¨¼Â¢ø 

Å¡¸¼õ «ÄÌÕ ¿¡¾ý ¾ó¾Ð 30 

ÅÆ¢ÀÎõ «¡¢ÂÃ À¢ÃÁ ÕðÀ¼ 

¦Á¡Æ¢¸¢È Å¨¸Â¢Ð º¢È¢Ð ¦ÀüÈ¢Ä÷ 31 

ÁüÚõ þóòÃ º¡Äõ ˉîº¡¼Éõ 

ÓüÚ Á¢í¹ §É¾ Ãò¾¡úÅ¢¨Ä 32 

Á¾¨Ä Â÷ì¸£Ð ¦Á¡Æ¢ÅÐ ÀñÀÄ 

¸¾Å¢ É¢üÈ¡¨Æ Â¢ÎÀÂõ ´ýÈ¢¨Ä 33 

Å¡ÖØ¨Å §Â¡¡¢ ¸¡Ã¡õÀÍ 

Å¡Ä¢ýÁÂ¢÷ ¸£¡¢ §¾Å¡í¸¨Æ 34 

Á¡¢ò¾Å÷ ºÉ¢ò¾ÌÆ¢ ˉôÒÚ ºÄò¾¢¨É 

ÅÊò¾¢É¢ ¦¾Îò¦¾¡Õ Ì¼ò¾¢É¢ø ¿¢¨ÈòÐ¨Å 35 

Á¡È¢ø §¾¡ò¾¢Ã Å¢ò¨¾ ÀÄ¢ò¾¢Êý 

Á¡¨¼ §º÷ì¸ ÅÕò¾õ ˉÉì¸¢¨Ä 36 

Å¡¡¢ Å¡öÑ¨Ã ºÂ¢Ä ºÄõÒ¡¢ 

â¡¢ Å¡Ð¨Á º½×¦À ÕíÌÁ¢ú 27 

ÅÎÅ¢ø º£Ã¸ ÀÄÁÂ¢ §Ã¡º¨É 

¸ÎÌ §Ã¡¸½¢ º¢Å¨¾Á §É¡º¢¨Ä 28 






ÃºÅ¡¾¢ §¸ðÀÉ 

Á½Á ¾¢ýÚ ¿¡¨Ç ±É¦Á¡ Æ¢óÐ §¸Ù 

Á¨É¸û ±íÌõ µÊ þÉ¢Å¢ ¨ÃóÐ §¾Î 37 

Å¨ÇÂø Ì¨ÆÀ£Ä¢ ¸¡Ä¡Æ¢ ¾ñ¨¼ 

Á½¢Å Â¢ÃÅ£Î §ÁÄ£Î ¦ºõ¦À¡ý 38 

Å¡Ç¢ À¡¼¸ Á½¢À¢¨È ºí¸¢Ä¢ 

À¡¨Ç Ý¼¸ ÁÂ¢Äõ þÄõÀ¸õ 39 

Á×Ä¢ áÒÃ ÁÂ¢ø¾¢Õ Å¡º¢¨¸ 

ºÅÊ §¾¡ûÅ¨Ç Ó¸Å¨Ç §ÁøÅ¨Ç 40 

ÁÃ¸¾ Ìñ¼Äõ ¦Åñ¼Â §Á¸¨Ä 

«Ãº¢¨Ä ¸õÀ¢ ÌÚíÌ½¢ º¡Ä¸õ 41 

Å¡Ã½¢ Ô¨¼Á½¢ ¬Ãí ¸¢í¸¢½¢ 

Å¡ÌÅ ÄÂ¦¿Ç¢ À£¼í ¸ñÊ¨¸ 42 

Á½¢Á¸ ¡¢¨¸Å¨Ç ¾¢¸¢¡¢ ÀðÊ¨¸ 

À½¢¸Ç¢ø «Æ¸¢Â À½¢¸û ¦¸¡ì¸¢¸û 43 

Åð¼ «õ¦À¡ §É¡¨Ä Óò¾¡ÅÇ¢ 

ÍðÊ ºóÐ ¸¡¨È ¨¸ì ¸¡¨È¸û 44 

Å¼¸ Óò§¾¡¨Ä «¨ÃÅ¼ Óï¦ºÈ¢ 

¸¼¸õ Å¢ò¾¡Ã Á¸Ã ¦¿ÎíÌ¨Æ 45 

Á¡¾Ã½¢ ¾¡Ä¢ áø¸¡ïºÉõ 

Á¡Ä¢¨¸ Á¾¡½¢ À£ ¾¡õÀÃõ 46 

Á¾¢ôÀ¡¢Â ¨¸îº¡¢ ºÃôÀ½¢ Â¢¨Äîº¢¨É 

À¾ì¸õ þ¨ÅÔðÀ¼ «½¢ôÀ¼Äõ þðÎ¨Å 47 

Á¡¨¼ À¡ðÊÒ ¨¾ò¾ Ì¼ôÀ½ 

§Á¡Î ÜðÊÔ Õì¸Å¢ ÕôÒ¼ý 48 

þÎôÃ ºí¸¢ Â¡Áø ˉ¨Ä « ¿ó¾§¸¡Ê 

±¡¢Â¢ø ¦Åó¾¢ ¼¡¾ ¸¡¢¿¢ ÃõÀ §ÅÏõ 49 

þÐÀ¨ÆÂ ¸×¡¢ À¡„¡½ ×ñ¨¼ 

Â¢Îº¸Ä §Å¾¢ â¿¡¸ ¦ºõÀ¢ý 50 

®Âõ ¬É¦¾¡÷ þÃ¾Óõ ±ñÀÄõ 

²Ø §¸¡ÊÔõ þÃ× º¢Åó¾¢Îõ 51 

ÂÓ¨É ¿£÷¦¸¡Î Ì¨¸À¾¢ É¡Â¢Ãõ 

þÚ¸ §Åº¨Á ¿¢Ä«¨È äÎ¨Å 52 

±ØÀ¦¾¡ ¦¼ñÀÐ ÅñÊÂ¢ §ÄÀ¾÷ 

þÎ¦¸¡Î ÅóÐ ¦º¡¡¢óÐ ÌÅ¡Ä¢Î 53 

Â¡¦Á¡Æ¢ À¼Ãº Å¡¾ó ¾ó¾É 

¿£º¢Å ÌÕ×À ¸¡Ãí ¸ñÊÕ 54 






þÃ¾¦Á¡ ÎÕ¸¢Â ºÕÌ À¢ò¾¨Ç 

þ¨Åþ¨Å Ì¨¸¦¾¡Úõ þ¨¼ ¿Úì¸¢¨Å 55 

±üÈ Åó¾¢ Ã¡Ð ¦À¡öì¸¡ÇÄ 

±ðÊ ÃñÎ Á¡Ú ¾ôÀ¡Ð¦¸¡û 56 

±ØÀ ¾ì§Ã¡½¢ Ò¼ÓÇ ¦ºí¸Çõ 

Ã½Ó ¸ò¾¡¨É À¨¼¦Â¡Î Åó¾¢Õ 57 

®Æõ¦ÅÌ §¸¡Ê Â¡Á£ó¾¢¼ 

²Ø¿¢¨Ä Á¡¼ ¿£§ÁöóÐ¦¸¡û 58 

þÀò¾¢Ãû ˉ¡¢ò¾É ÀÕò¾É ÐÕò¾¢¸û 

þÄì¸È ˉÉì¸Õ ¸Îì¸¢¨Å º¼ì¦¸É 59 

Â¡×õ Å¡öôÀÐ ºòÂõ ˉÉì¸¢¨Å 

²Ø ¿¡ð¼Õõ ¦Áò¾ Å¢¨Çò¾Éõ 60 

þ¨ÈÅ÷ ÌýÈ Á¡¨É Á½Á ¸¢úó¾ ¿¡Ç¢ø 

þ¨½Â¢ø «ñ¼ §Ã¡Îõ ˉ½× ¦¸¡ñ¼ ¾¡Ìõ 61 

±ÁÐ Àº¢¾£Ã Á¡Ã¡º þóòÃ 

«ÓÐ À¨¼§À¡¾ ¬¸¡º ¸í¨¸ 62 

¬Ú §À¡Ä¦¿ö ¦º¡¡¢Å¼ ¸õÀ¨¼ 

áÚ º¡¦Ä¡Î ¦À¡¡¢Â¨Ä þí¸¨Æ 63 

þÎ¸ Á¡ÅÎ Å¨¼Â¢¨¼ ¸£¨ÃÂ¢ 

ÄÅ½õ °È¢Â ¸È¢Â¨¼ §ÅÀ¨¼ 64 

þÕÀÐ ¾ñ¨¼ ÔÎõÒ ÌÅ¡øº¨Á 

ÐÕ¨Å¸û ÀýÈ¢ º¨Áó¾± Ä¡õ«¨Æ 65 

Â¡¨Á« Å¢ÂøÓÂø ¬½í ¸ñ¼È¢ 

§Â¡Á¢Ð º¢Åº¢Å §Á¦Äí ÌõÀ¨¼ 66 

þ¨¼¦ÅÇ¢ ÂÈÁ¢Ì Å¢Î¸ Õì¸¨Ä 

Â¢ÈÅ¨¸ ¸Âø¦¸Ç¢ È¢¨Å¦À¡ Êò¾É 67 

±ðÎ ÅñÊ Å¡¨Ç Â¢üÀ£Ä¢Â¢ø 

þð¼ ÓñÎ ¾£Âý ÓüÀ¡¼¨Æ 68 

þ¨¼¦¸¡ ØôÀ¡Êø þ¨ÇÂ± ÖõÒ¼ý 

«¨¼Í ¨Ãì¸¡Â¢ø «ÎÀ¨¼ Óý¸È¢ 69 

®ÚÒÇ¢ Å¡÷Å¢ ¼¡ö§À¡õÀÊ 

²Î À¢¡¢Â¡¾ À¡ø§¾ý¦º¡¡¢ 70 

þÕì¸¢È ºÕì¸¨Ã ÅÕì¨¸ ¸¾Ä¢ì¸É¢ 

Ãºò¾¢¨É Â¨Éò¨¾Ôõ þ¨ÄìÌû «¨¼ÂôÀ¨¼ 71 

®¸ À¡ìÌ¼ý ¦ÅüÈ¢¨Ä ¸÷ôÒÃõ 

Â¡Õ §Áò¾ þÉ¢îÍ¸õ ˉüÈ¢Õ; 72 

ÓÕ¸ý ¦ÀÕ¨Á .. º¢ò¾÷¸Ùû ôÃº¢ò¾¢ ¦ÀüÈÅ÷ 

ÓÕ¸ý ¾¢ÕôÒ¸¨Æì ¸üÈÅ§Ã 73 

Á¢¨¼¾ ÕõôÃ Å¡Ç º¨¼¦À ÕõôÃ Å¡¸ 

Å¢ÁÄ÷ ¦¸¡ý¨È Á¡¨Ä ¾Õ½ ºóòÃ §Ã¨¸ 74 






Å¢Ã× Á½¿¡Ú À¡¾¡Ã Å¢ó¾ 

Å¢¾Ã½ Å¢§¿¡¾ Á¡¾¡Å¢ý ¨Áó¾ý 75 

Á£É §¸¾Éý ˉÕÅ¢ý Á¢Ìó¾Õû 

¾¡É Å¡¡¢¾¢ ºÃÅ½ ºõÀÅý 76 

Å¢¸¢÷¾¢ §Å¾Éý Á×É Í¸¡¾Éý 

«¸¢Ä ¸¡Ã½ý «¸¢Ä ¸Ä¡¾Ãý 77 

Å¢¸º¢¾ Íó¾Ã ºó¾É À¡Ç¢¾ 

õÕ¸Á¾ ÌíÌÁ ¸ïºÀ §Â¡¾¡¢ 78 

§ÅØÓ Ó¨Æ¸Ùõ ¬Õõ ¨ÀõÒÉõ 

§Á×Ú ÌÈÁ¸û §Á×ó ¾¢ñÒÂý 79 

Å¢¡¢¸¼ø Ð¸û±Æ ¦ÅÌÙõ Å¢ìÃÁý 

«¡¢¾¢Õ ÁÕÁ¸ý «ÚÓ ¸ò¾Åý 80 

¦Åðº¢ ¦¸¡ñ¼ §¾¡Çý ¦ÅüâÎÈ 

Å¢ð¼ ¦ÅýÈ¢ §ÅøÓ Øî§ºÅ¸ý 81 

¦ÅÕ× ¿ì¸£Ã÷ ºÃ¦½É Åó¾Õû 

ÓÕ¸ É¢‰ì§Ã¡¾ Ó¿¢Ì½ ÀïºÃý 82 

§Á¾ÌÒ Ã¡½ §Å¾¡íÌÃý 

µ¾¡¢Â §Á¡É »¡É¡íÌÃý 83 

Á¢¨¸ò¾Å÷ ÒÃòÃÂõ ±¡¢ò¾Å÷ ô¡¢ÂôÀ¼ 

«¸ò¾¢Â Ó¿¢ì¦¸¡Õ ¾Á¢úòÃÂõ ˉ¨Ãò¾Åý 84 

§Å¾ ã÷ò¾¢ ¾¢Õò¾½¢ ¦ÅüÒ¨È 

§º¡¾¢ ¸¡÷ò¾¢¨¸ ¦ÀüÈ Å¢Çì¦¸¡Ç¢ 85 

¦ÅÌÇ¢ ¦ÅýÈ §ÅûÅ¢ Ó¿¢Å÷ ºí¸õ ²È 

Å¢Ã×õ þóòÃ §Ä¡¸ ÅÆ¢¾¢ Èó¾ Á£Ç¢ 86 

Á¢¸Å¢ÕÐ ÜÚ §ÁÅ¡÷¸û ¸ñ¼ý 

Å¢¸¼ «Í§Ãº÷ º¡§Á¡Ð ºñ¼ý 87 

§Á¸ Å¡¸É Á¢ÌÁ¾ ¦Åñ¸Â 

À¡¸ º¡¾É É¸¡¢ ÒÃó¾Åý 88 

Å¢Ò¾ ¾¡Ã¸ý Å¢Ò¾ ¾¢Å¡¸Ãý 

Å¢Ò¾ §¾º¢¸ý Å¢Ò¾ º¢¸¡Á½¢ 89 

Å¢À¡¢¾ ¸ïº Å¢¡¢ïº ÀÃ¡Ó¸ý 

«À¢¿Å ¸ó¾ý «¨¼ó¾Å÷ ¾¡ÀÃý 90 

§ÁÕ¨Å Â¢ÊÀ¼ §Á¡Ðï ºíìÃÁ 

¾¡Ã¸ý ÁÌ¼ Å¢À¡¼ý Òí¸Åý 91 

¦ÅÂ¢ÖÁ¢ú ¦¸¡Ê¦Â¡Î Å¢¨ÉÓ ¸ò¾¢É¢ý 

ÁÂ¢øÁ¢¨º ÅÕ¦Á¡Õ ÅÃ¾ý ¿¢÷ôÀÂý 92 

Å¢ò¾¸ý ÍÅ¡Á¢ ¿¢÷ôÀ¡Å¸ý 

ºò¾¢Âý ôÃ¾¡À Å¢òÂ¡¾Ãý 93 

Å¢Ã¾ ¿ðÀ¡Ç÷ À¡¢Ôõ «ºïºÄý 

¿¢Õ¾ ¿¢ðÞÃý ¿¢Õ¾÷ ÀÂí¸Ãý 94 






Å£ÃÁ¾ §Ä¡¸ §Åû ¸¡í¦¸Âý 

ÝÃÃ½ ÝÃ ÝÃ¡ó¾¸ý 95 

Å¢¨ÉôÀ¨¸ «ÚôÀÅý ¿¢¨Éò¾Ð ÓÊôÀÅý 

ÁÉòÐÂ÷ ¦¸Îò¦¾¨É ÅÇ÷ò¾Õû ìÕ¨Àì¸¼ø 96 

§ÅÄý Å¡öò¾ ¾¢ÕôÒ¸ú ¸üÈÅ÷ 

º£Äõ ²ò¾¢Â º¢ò¾ôÃ º¢ò¾§Ã. 97 






17. ¸¨¼ì¸½¢Âø ÅÌôÒ 

«¨Ä¸¼ø Å¨ÇóÐ Îò¾ ±ØÒÅ¢ ÒÃó¾¢ ÕìÌõ 

«Ã¦ºÉ ¿¢Ãó¾ ¡¢ì¸ Å¡ÆÄ¡õ 1 

«Ç¨¸«Ã ºý¾ ÉìÌõ «ÁÃÃÃ ºý¾ ÉìÌõ 

«Ã¦ºÉ «Èï¦º Öò¾¢ Â¡ÇÄ¡õ 2 

«¨¼¦ÀÚÅ ¦¾ýÚ Óò¾¢ Â¾¢ÁÐÃ ¦ºó¾ Á¢úìÌõ 

«Õû¦ÀÈ ¿¢¨ÉóÐ º¢ò¾¢ Â¡¸Ä¡õ 3 

«¾¢ÃÅÕõ ±ýÚ Óð¼ «Ä¸¢øÅ¢¨É ºñ¨¼ ¿¢ü¸ 

«¼ø±¾¢÷ Ò¡¢óÐ ¦ÅüÈ¢ Â¡¸Ä¡õ 4 

þÄ¸¢Â ¿Äï¦ºö ÒðÀ ¸ÓÓ¼ø ¿¢Èõ ¦ÅÙò¾ 

þÀ«Ã ¦ºÛõ¦À¡ ÕôÒõ ²ÈÄ¡õ 5 

þÕÅÃÅ÷ ¿¢ýÈ¢ ¼òÐõ ±Å÷±Å÷ þÕó¾¢ ¼òÐõ 

´ÕÅýþÅý ±ýÚ ½÷îº¢ Ü¼Ä¡õ 6 

±ÁÀ¼÷ ¦¾¡¼÷ó¾ ¨Æì¸¢ø «ÅÕ¼ý ±¾¢÷óÐû ˉð¸ 

þÊ±É ÓÆí¸¢ ¦ÅüÈ¢ §ÀºÄ¡õ 7 

Ó¾Ä¢¦À¡¢ ÂõÀ ÄòÐû Å¨ÃÂºÄ Áñ¼ ÀòÐû 

Ó¿¢Å÷¦¾¡Æ «ýÚ ¿¢÷ò¾õ ¬ÊÉ¡ý 10 

Ó¨É¦¾¡Ú ÓÆí¸¢ ¦Â¡üÈ¢ Ó¸¢¦ÄÉ þÃí¸ ¦ÅüÈ¢ 

Ó¨È¦¿È¢ ÀÈóÐ Å¢ð¼ §¸¡Æ¢Â¡ý 11 

Ó¾¢Â×½÷ «ýÚÀð¼ Ó¾¢ÂÌ¼÷ ¿ýÚ ÍüÚ 

ÓÐ¸ØÌ Àó¾÷ þð¼ §ÅÄ¢É¡ý 12 

Á¨ÄÁÕ× ¨ÀõÒ Éò¾¢ ÅÇÕÁ¢Õ ÌýÈ ¦Á¡ò¾¢ 

ÅÄ¢ÌÊ ÒÌó¾¢ ÕìÌ Á¡÷À¢É¡ý 13 

ÁÆ¨Ä¸û Å¢ÇõÀ¢ ¦Á¡öò¾ «ÚÅ÷Ó¨Ä ÔñÎ ÓüÚõ 

ÅÊ×¼ý ÅÇ÷ó¾¢ ÕìÌõ Å¡úÅ¢É¡ý 14 

Á¨ÄÂ¢¨È Á¼ó¨¾ ¦ÀüÈ ´ÕÁ¾¨Ä ¦ÂýÚ ¾¢òÐ 

Á¨ÄÂ¢ÊÂ ×óÐ ½¢ò¾ §¾¡Ç¢É¡ý 15 

ÁÂ¢¨ÄÔõ «Åý¾¢ Õì¨¸ «Â¢¨ÄÔõ «Åý ¸¨¼ì¸ñ 

þÂ¨ÄÔ ¿¢¨Éó¾¢ Õì¸ Å¡Õ§Á. 16 

þ¨Å¦Â¡Æ¢Â ×õÀ Ä¢ôÀ ¾¸ÄÅ¢Îõ ˉí¸û Å¢ò¨¾ 

Â¢¨ÉÂ¢É¢ Å¢Îõ¦À Õò¾ À¡ÕÇ£÷; 8 

Ó¨ÄÂ¢¨¼ ¸¢¼ó¾¢ ¨ÇôÀ ¦Á¡Ì¦Á¡¦¸É ÅñÊ ¨ÃôÀ 

Ó¨¸ÂÅ¢ú ¸¼õÀ Îò¾ ¾¡¡¢É¡ý 9 






18. º¢Å§Ä¡¸ ÅÌôÒ 

ˉÃ¸Óõ þ¾Æ¢Ôõ ˉ¾¸Óõ ˉÎÀ¾¢ ÔõÒ¨É 

ÔõÀï º¡ðºÃ÷ Àí¸¢ý ¦¸¡Ê¾¡Ç¢É¢ø 1 

ˉÄ¸Ó Á¨Ä¸Ùõ ˉ¾¾¢Ôõ ˉÂ¢ÕÁ ¼í¸¦Å¡ 

ÎíÌõ À¡÷ôÀ¾¢ ¨Áó¾ý ¸ÁÄ¡ÄÂý 2 

ˉÀ¿¢¼ ÓÊÅ¢Ûõ þ¼ÀÁ ¾É¢ÖÓ Âí¸¢Å 

ÂíÌï º£÷ôÀ¾¢ ¦Â¡ý¦Èý ÈÅ¢¾¡±É 3 

ˉ¨ÈÅ¢Î À¨¼Â¢Éý «¼Ö¨¼ ¿¢º¢ºÃ÷ ¾ñ¼Ó 

¨¼ó¾í ¸¡÷ô¦ÀÆ Åí¸õ ¦À¡Õ§ºÅ¸ý 4 

ÅÃÀ¾¢ ÍÃÀ¾¢ ºÃÅ½ ÁÎÅ¢É¢ø Åó¾Õû 

¸ó¾ý ¸¡÷ò¾¢¦¸ Âý¦ºí ¸Ø¿£÷ÁÄ÷ 5 

ÁØÅ¢Â ÌÕÀÃý ÅÉº¡¢ À¾Ô¸ ¸ïºõÅ 

½íÌõ À¡ìÂ¸ ¾õÀý ¸Õ½¡¸Ãý 6 

Å¼¾Õ þ¨ÄÂ¢Öõ ¦ÅÌÓ¸ Á×Ä¢ «Éó¾¦É 

Ûï¦ºï §ºì¨¸Â¢ Öí¸ñ ÐÂ¢øÁ¡ø¾¢Õ 7 

«½¢ÁÂ ¦ÁÛ¦Á¡Õ º¢Å¢¨¸¦Â¡ ¼¾¢Ì½ Áïº¢Û 

Áï¦º¡ý È¡ì¸¢Â ¦¾ý¦À¡í ¸¡¢Â¡ºÉõ 10 

«È¦¿È¢ Ó¨È¨ÁÂ¢ø ´Ø¸¢Â «Æ¸¢Â Àñ¦ÀÛõ 

«õ¦À¡ý §º÷ò¾¸ Ä¢í¸ï ºÂº¡ÃÓõ 11 

«ÅÉÅû «Ð±É ¦Á¡Æ¢Â×õ þÄ¦¾¡Õ ÅýÀ¢½¢ 

Ôí¦¸¡ñ ¼¡ì¸Óõ þýÀí ¸Ù§Á¾Õõ 12 

þÃÅÄ÷ Á¢Ê¦¸¼ ˉ¾Å¢Â Å¢¾Ã½ ¸í¸½õ 

þí¸í ¸¡ôÀ¢ø ±ÛïÍó ¾Ã¸¡¸Çõ 13 

±É¾Ú ÐÈÅ¢Ûõ ˉÂ÷¦¸¡¨¼ ÂÅ¢Ã¾ ºíÌÄ 

¦¸íÌí §¸ðÎÅ ÆíÌõ ¦À¡¨ÈÁ¡ÓÃ 14 

º¢¨ÁÂÅ÷ ¸½ÓÉ¢ ¸½Ó¼ý þÉ¢ÐôÃ Àïºõ 

¨ÈïÍí ¸£÷ò¾¢Ð Ãí¸ó ¾¢ÈøÅ¡Ã½õ 15 

þÕÅ¢¨É ¦¸¼´Õ ¿¢ÃÁÂ ÀÃÁ× Éó¾Õõ 

þýÀó §¾ì¸¢Â «ýÀ¢ý º¢Å§Ä¡¸§Á. 16 

ÁÕÁ¸ý þ¨ÁÂÅ÷ ÅÆ¢ÀÎ Á½¢Â½¢ ¸¢í¸¢½¢ 

Àñ¦¸¡ñ ¼¡÷ò¾¢¨º ¦¸¡ïÍõ À¾ÝÊ¨¸ 8 

«Õ×Õ ´Æ¢Âµ ÃÀ¢¿Å ÅÊÅÕ Ùó¾É¢ 

Âó¾ó ¾£¨‡¦Â ÛíÌñ ¼Äâ„½õ 9 






19. ÁÂ¢ø ÅÌôÒ 

¬¾ÅÛõ «õÒÄ¢Ôõ Á¡ÍÈÅ¢ Øí¸¢ÔÁ¢ú 

¬ÄÁÕ ×õÀ½¢Â¢ ÃñÎõ «Ø§¾ 1 

¬ÚÓ¸ý ³óÐÓ¸ý ¬¨ÉÓ¸ý ±í¸¼× 

Ç¡¦ÁÉ¦Á¡ Æ¢ó¾¸Ä ¦ÅýÚ Å¢Î§Á 2 

¬÷¸Ä¢¸ ¨¼ó¾ÓÐ Å¡ÉÅ÷« Õó¾«Õû 

¬¾¢À¸ ÅýÐÂ¢ø« ¿ó¾ý Á½¢§º÷ 3 

¬Â¢Ãõ þÕó¾¨Ä¸ Ç¡öÅ¢¡¢À ½íÌÕ¾¢ 

Â¡¸ÓØ ÐíÌ¨ÄÂ Åó¾ ¨ÈÔ§Á 4 

§Å¾ÓØ ÐõÒ¸ø þÃ¡Áý ´Õ ¾õÀ¢Á¢¨º 

Å£¼½ý «Õó¾¨ÁÂý ¨Áó¾ý þ¸Ä¡ö 5 

Å£Íõ«Ã Åïº¢¾È¢ §Â¡¼ÅÕ ¦Åí¸ÖÆý 

§ÁøþÊ ±ÛõÀÊÓ Æí¸¢ Å¢Ø§Á 6 

§Á¾¢É¢Í Áó¾¦ÀÕ Á¡Í½Á Âí¸¿¸ 

§Á×ºÃ ½í¦¸¡ÎÄ ¦¸íÌ ÓØ¦Á 7 

âº¨ÉÒ ¡¢óÐ¦¸¡Ê Â¡¸¢Á¸¢ú ´ýÚÐ¸¢÷ 

§À¡øÓÊÅ¢ Çí¸ÅÕõ «ïºõ «Î§Á 10 

â¾¦Ã¡Î ¸ó¾ÕÅ÷ ¿¡¾¦Ã¡Î ¸¢õÒÕ¼÷ 

âÃ½¸ ½í¸¦Ç¡Î ÅóÐ ¦¾¡Æ§Å 11 

§À¡¡¢ÎÅ ¦ÅýÚ¦ÅÌ Å¡Ã½¸ ½í¸ÙÂ¢÷ 

§À¡Â¢Éõ ±ÛõÀÊ± ¾¢÷óÐ Å¢Ø§Á 12 

§¸¡¾¸Öõ ³óÐÁÄ÷ Å¡Ç¢Á¾ Éý¦À¡ÕÅ¢ø 

§¸¡Ä×¼ Äí¸Õ¸¢ ¦ÅóÐ Å¢Æ§Å 13 

§¸¡À¦Á¡Î ¸ñ¼Å¢Æ¢ ¿¡¾÷ «½¢ ÔõÀ½¢¸û 

ÜÊÁÉõ «ïº¢Å¨Ç ¦ºýÚ Ò¸§Å 14 

ÜÅ¢Â¢Ã Åó¾õˉ½÷ Å¡Æ¢¦ÂÉ ¿¢ýÚ¦À¡Õ 

§¸¡Æ¢¦Â¡Î ¦ÅýÈ¢Ó¨È ÔõÀ ¸Õ§Á 15 

§¸¡ÄÓÚ ¦ºó¾¢ø¿¸÷ §Á×ÌÁ ÃýºÃ½ 

§¸¡¸É¾õ «ý¦À¡ÎÅ ½íÌ ÁÂ¢§Ä. 16 

§ÅÄ¢¦ÂÉ ±ñÊ¨ºÂ¢ø Å¡ØõˉÃ ¸ó¾ÇÃ 

§Å«Æ¦Ä Ûïº¢ÉÓ ¼ýÀ ¼Õ§Á 8 

§À¡¾¢É¢ø þÕó¾¸¨Ä Á¡¾¢¨ÉÁ ½ó¾×Â÷ 

§À¡¾¨É Â¢ÃóÐÁÄ÷ ¦¸¡ñÎ Ó¨È§Â 9 






20. ¦¸¡Ö ÅÌôÒ 

«ÕÁ¨È ÂÅýÓ¾ø «¡¢«Ãý Á¸À¾¢ 

«¿í¸ý þ¨Á§Â¡÷ þÉí¸û ´ÕÀ¡ø 1 

«Õ½Û Á¾¢ÂÓõ «Éø²Ø ¸ÉÄ¢Ôõ 

«½í¸¢ ¦É¡ÎÝú ¸½í¸û ´ÕÀ¡ø 2 

ÅÕ½Ûõ ¿¢Õ¾¢Ôõ ÅÆ¢¦Â¡Î ¾É¾Ûõ 

Á¸¢úóÐ Á¢¸§Å Òúó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 3 

ÅÂ¢ÃÅ ¦Ã¡ÎÀ¼÷ ˉÅ½Õõ ˉÃ¸Õõ 

ÅÃí¸û ¦ÀÈ§Å þÃí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 4 

þÕÊ¸û ±Å÷¸Ùõ þÉ¢Â¸¢ ÉÃ÷¸Ùõ 

þ½í¸¢ ±¾¢§Ã Å½í¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 5 

þÀÓ¸ ÅÛõ±Æ¢ø þÇÅø¸û «¨ÉÅÕõ 

þÂýÈ ¦¿È¢§Â ÓÂýÈ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 6 

ˉÕÁÄ¢ ÌÈÇ¢É ¦Á¡ÎÅÍ ÓÍÓ¸ý 

ˉ¨ÈóÐ À¡¢Å¡ö ¿¢¨Èó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 7 

ˉÎ¦Å¡Î ¿¼×À É¢ÕÅÕ Ó¨ÈÓ¨È 

ˉ¸óÐ ¦¾¡Æ§Å Á¢Ìó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 8 

«¼øÅ¢¨¼ Ó¸ý«¨È ¸¨¾ÔÈ ¦ÅÌºÉõ 

«Ðí¸¢ «Õ§¸ ´Ðí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 9 

«ÂýÓÊ ¾¢Õ¸¢Â ÅÂÅÛ ¿¢ÂÁ¦Á¡ 

¼¼í¸¢ ÅÄ§Á ¦¾¡¼í¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 10 

Á¼øÒ¨É Ò¸¦Ã¡Î ÅÕÀ¾¢ ¦É¡ÕÅÕõ 

ÁÕí¸¢ý ˉÈ§Å ¦¿Õí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 11 

ÁÕ¦Å¡Î ÐÅ÷þÕ ÅÕÁ¢¨º ÅÄ¦Á¡Î 

Åº¢óÐ ÁÉ§Á ¸º¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 12 

Á¢¼Ä¢¨È Å¢ÈÄ¡¢ Å¢ÁÄ÷¸û «ÕûÍ¾ý 

Å¢ÂóÐ Å¢¨ÃÅ¡ö ¿Âó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 13 

¦ÅÂ¢øÅ¢¡¢ Í¼ÃÅý Á¸¦É¡Î Á¾¢Á¸ý 

Å¢ÇõÒ Ó¨È§Â ¸¢ÇõÀ ´ÕÀ¡ø 14 

ˉ¼¦Ä¡Ç¢ Á×É¢¸û ˉ¼ýˉÀ É¢¼¾Õõ 

ˉÇí ÌÇ¢Ã§Å Å¢Çí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 15 

ˉ¨Á¾¢Õ Á¸û¿¢Ä Á¸û¸¨Ä Á¸¦Ç¡Îõ 

ˉ¸ó¦¾ ÅÕ§Á ¦¾¡Ìó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 16 

«¾¢À¸¢ Ã¾¢ÀÂ¢ ÃÅ¢À¸ Å¾¢ºº¢ 

ÂÃõ¨À ÂÕ§Á ¿¢ÃõÀ ´ÕÀ¡ø 17 

«Æ¸¢Â ¸×¡¢¦Â¡ ÊÄ¸¢Â ÅÄ¨ÅÔõ 

«¨¼óÐ ¾ÂÅ¡ö Á¢¨¼ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 18 






Á¾¢ÂÃ ºÕ¿¢¨È Åº¢ÂÕõ Å¢¨É»Õõ 

ÁÄ¢óÐ Ó¸§Á ¦À¡Ä¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 19 

ÅÕº¢Åý «ÊÂÅ÷ «Ã¸Ã ±ÉÓ¨È 

ÅÆíÌ ¸¼ø§À¡ø ÓÆí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 20 

Å¢¾¢Ó¨È ¸Õ¾¢¨Â Å¨¸Ò¡¢ ¸ÕÅ¢¸û 

Å¢¨Çó¾ ´Ä¢Å¡ý «¨Äó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 21 

Å¢¾Ó¼ý «À¢¿Â ÅÉ¢¨¾Â÷ º¾¢Ó¨È 

Å¢¡¢ó¾ ¿¼§Á Ò¡¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 22 

ˉ¾¢÷¾Õ ÁÄ÷Å¢¨Ã ÔÚÒ¨¸ õÕ¸Á¾õ 

ˉÁ¢úó¾ Á½§Á ¸Áúó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 23 

´Ø¸¢Â ¸¢¡¢¦¾¡Î À½¢¾Á ¾ÎÍ¼÷ 

ˉÅó¾ ´Ç¢§Â ¿¢Åó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 24 

«¡¢Â¸ ¦¼ÉÓ¸ ¼ÇÅ¢Â ´ÕÌ¨¼ 

«Á÷ó¾ ¿¢Æ§Ä º¨Áó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 25 

«ÕÁ¼ «É¦ÁÉ þÕÒ¨¼ ¸Å¡¢¸û 

«¨ºó¾ «Æ§¸ Â¢¨ºó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 26 

Å¡¢¨º¦ºö ÐÂ¦Ä¡Î ÅÉÁÂ¢ø º¢Å¢È¢Â¢ý 

ÅÂíÌ º¢Ú¸¡ø þÂí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 27 

ÁÚ¸¼ Ä¢É¢ø±Ø ¿¢¨ÈÁ¾¢ «Ó¦¾É 

Å¡¢óÐ ÀÉ¢¿£÷ ¦º¡¡¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 28 

Å¢¡¢Â¢Õû ÅÄ¢¾Õ ¸¢Ã½Á ¦¾É¿Ä 

Á¢ÌïÍ ÆÄ¢øÅ£ ÍÌïº ¦Á¡ÕÀ¡ø 29 

Å¢ÂýÁÃ ¸¾Á½¢ Á¢Ç¢÷¾Õ ¸Ç¦º¾¢÷ 

Å¢¨ÃóÐ ¿¢¨ÃÂ¡ö ¿¢¨Ãó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 30 

ˉ¡¢Â¦Å Ç¢¨ÄÔ¼ý ˉÂ¡¢Â ¸Ó¸¢É¢ø 

ˉÌó¾ ¸É¢§Â ÀÌó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 31 

ˉÄÌÇ ÅÉ¢¨¾Â÷ «ÅÃÅ÷ Å¢Ã¾¦Á¡ 

Î½÷óÐ ¸É¢§Â ¦¸¡½÷ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 32 

( ÓÕ¸§ÅÇ¢ý ¾¢Õì§¸¡Ä Å÷½¨½ ). 

§¸º¡¾¢ À¡¾õ 

«Ú¸¾¢ ÃÅ¦ÃÉ «ÚÁ½¢ Á×Ä¢¸û 

«¼÷óÐ ¦ÅÂ¢§Ä À¼÷ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 1 

«ÚÁ¾¢ ±É«Ú ¾¢ÕÓ¸ º¾¾Ç 

«Ä÷ó¾ ÁÄ§Ã ÁÄ÷ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 2 

ÁÚÅÚ ¸¼¦ÄÉ ÁÕ×À É¢ÕÅ¢Æ¢ 

ÅÆ¢ó¾ «Õ§Ç ¦À¡Æ¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 3 

Å¨É¾Õ Á¸ÃÓ Á½¢Â½¢ À½¢¸Ùõ 

ÅÂíÌ Ì¨Æ§Â ¾Âí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 4 

þÚÌ¦À¡ý Á¨Ä¦Â¡Îõ þ¼ÚÀ É¢ÕÒÂõ 

þ¨ºóÐ ¦¿ÎÅ¡ý «¨ºó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 5 






±Æ¢Ä¢¨Â «¨ÉÂÀ É¢Õ¨¸Â¢ø «Â¢øÓ¾ø 

þÄíÌ À¨¼§Â ÐÄí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 6 

ˉÚÅ¨Ã ÂÕÅ¢¨Â ¿¢¸÷¾Õõ ˉÃÁ¢¨º 

Ô¼ý¦¸¡û Ò¡¢áø ¸¢¼ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 7 

¾¢É¸Ãý ˉÄ×º ¿¢¾¢Â¢É¢ø þÃÅÄ÷ 

¦¾Ç¢ó¾ ¾Á¢§Æ ¦À¡Æ¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 15 

º¢ÅÀÃ ¸¢¡¢Â¢É¢ø ´Õº¢Åý ÅÊ¦Å¡Î 

¾¢Õó¾ ÓÕ§¸¡ý þÕó¾ ¦¸¡Ö§Å. 16 

ˉÕ¦ÁÉ þ¸Ä¢Óý ±¾¢÷¦À¡Õõ «×½Õû 

ˉ¨¼ó¾ ˉ¨¼Å¡û º¢Èó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 8 

«¿ÅÃ ¾ÓÁ¨È Ó¨ÈÂ¢Î À¡¢ÒÃõ 

«ÄíÌõ þÕ¾¡û ÌÖí¸ ´ÕÀ¡ø 9 

§¾Å¢Â÷ 

«ÇÅÚ ¸ÄÅ¢Â¢ý ÓØ¸¢Â ÌÈÁ¸û 

«Á÷óÐû ´Â¢Ä¡ö ¿¢Á¢÷ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 10 

ÅÉ¾Õ Å¢É¢Ö¨È º¾Á¸ý «ÕûÁ¸û 

Å¾¢óÐ Á½§Á ¦À¡¾¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 11 

«ÊÂ¡÷¸û 

ÅÕÁÊ ÂÅ¡¢¼õ ÅÄ¢Âº ¿¾õÅÃ 

ÅÇ÷ó¾ º¨À§Â ¸¢Ç÷ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 12 

¿¢¨É¦Å¡Î À½¢ÀÅ÷ Å¢¨ÉÐ¸û À¼±¾¢÷ 

¿¢¨ÉóÐ ¾¢Õ¿£ È½¢ó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 13 

¿¢¨ÈÁÄ ¦Ã¡Î¿Ä ¸Ä¨ÅÔõ ˉÂ÷ÌÕ 

¿¢¨ÉóÐ ¾Ã§Å Ò¨Éó¾ ¦¾¡ÕÀ¡ø 14 






21. Å£ÃÅ¡û ÅÌôÒ 

â×§Ç¡ ÛìÌÓÂ÷ §¾Å÷§¸¡ ÛìÌõ±Ø 

âÅ¢øÂ¡ Å÷ìÌõÅÕ ÐýÒ¾£÷ò ¾¢Î§Á 1 

â¾§º ¨ÉìÌû ´Õ §¸¡ÊÝ÷ ÂôÀ¢Ã¨À 

§À¡ÄÁ¡ Âì¸¡¢Â ¸íÌø¿£ì ¸¢Î§Á 2 

â¾¢â º¢ôÀÃÁ÷ §¾¡¨Ä§Áø þð¼¦¾¡Õ 

§À¡÷¨Å§À¡ø ¦¿ðÎ¨ÈÁ ÕíÌ§º÷ò ¾¢Î§Á 3 

§À¡¡¢§Ä ¿¢÷ò¾õþÎ Å£ÃÁ¡ ÄŒÁ¢Á¸¢ú 

â¨º§¿ º¢òÐÁÄ÷ Ðõ¨Àº¡ò ¾¢Î§Á 4 

À¡ùÕ Àì¦¸¡ÊÂ ÝÃÉ¡÷ ¦ÀüÈÀÄ 

À¡Ä÷Á¡ Çò¾¨º¸û ˉñÎ§¾ì ¸¢Î§Á 5 

À¡Ñ§¸¡ ÀôÀ¨¸»ý §ÁÉ¢§º¡ ÃìÌÕ¾¢ 

À¡Â§Å ¦ÅðÊÂ¢Õ Ðñ¼Á¡ì ¸¢¼§Á 6 

À¡Î§º÷ Ôò¾¸Ç Á£¾¢§Ä ÍüÚ¿¡¢ 

À¡Ú§Àö Ðöò¾¢¼¿¢ ½íìÙð ÊÎ§Á 7 

Â¡Õ§Á «üÈÅý±ý Á£¦¾¡÷¬ ÀòÐÈÅ 

Ã¡Á§Ä ÍüÈ¢Öõþ ÕóÐ¸¡ò ¾¢Î§Á 10 

¬¼ø§Åû ¿üÀ¨¼¸û ¬¨½Â¡ ×ìÌÓ¾ø 

¬¨½Â¡ ¨ÅòÐÅÄõ ÅóÐ§À¡ü È¢Î§Á 11 

¬Ä¸¡ Äò¨¾¿¢¸÷ ¸¡ÄÝ Äò¨¾ÔÁ 

È¡¾À¡ ºò¨¾Ôõ« ¡¢óÐ§À¡ð ÊÎ§Á 12 

§ÁÅÄ¡÷ ÓôÒÃÓõ ¿£È§Å Íð¼´Õ 

§ÁÕÅ¡õ Å¢üÀÃÁ÷ ¾ó¾À¡ì ¸¢ÂÅ¡ý 13 

§Å¼÷Á¡ ÛìÌÓÂ÷ §¾ÅÂ¡ ¨ÉìÌõþ¨º 

§ÅÄ÷¾¡ ¨Çò¦¾¡ØÐ Â÷ó¾Å¡úì ¨¸Â¢É¡ý 14 

Å£Ú§º÷ Á¢ì¸¸½ ¿¡¾É¡÷ ±ðÎÅ¨¸ 

Å£Ã÷§¿ Âò¾¨ÁÂý ±ýÈ§¾¡ð Î¨½§Å¡ý 15 

§Áý¨ÁÂ¡õ Ä‡Ã¾ Å£Ã÷â º¢ì¸ÅÕ 

Å£ÃÅ¡ Ìò¾¨ÄÅý ¦ÅýÈÅ¡ð À¨¼§Â. 16 

À¡Ê¬ Êô¦À¡Õ¾ §À¡¡¢§Ä Àò¾¢Ã¸ 

À¡Ä¢Ý ÄôÀ¨¼¨Â ¦ÅýÚ¾¡ì ¸¢Î§Á 8 

¬ÅÄ¡ ¸òÐ¾¢¦ºö À¡Å§Ä¡÷ ¦Áöì¸Ä¢¸ 

Ç¡Á§¸¡ Ãì¸¨Ç¸ ¨ÇóÐ¿£ì ¸¢Î§Á 9 






22. º¢Å¸¢¡¢ ÅÌôÒ 

¦Áò¾ ¦Áò¾ «ìÃ Áò¾¢ý 

¦Áò¾ ¦Áò¾ Å¢ìÃ Áò¾¢ý 

¦Áò¾ ¦Áò¾ ˉìÃ ¦ÅüÈ¢ Á¢ÌÀ¡º§Á 1 

Å¢ðÎ Å¢ðÎ ÚìÌ ÚìÌ 

¸ðÎ ¸ðÎ ÌòÐ ÌòÐ 

¦ÅðÎ ¦Åð¦¼ Éîº¢ ÉòÐ ¿ÁÉ¡Ê§Â 2 

«ò¾ ÛìÌ ¨Áì¸¢ ¾ò¾ 

ÒòÃ º¢ò¾¢ Óò¾¢ ¨Âî¦º 

ÂüÒ ¾îº¢ Åì¸¢ ¡¢ìÌû ÓÕ§¸º§É. 8 

ºò¾ Á¢ð¼ ¾ðÊ ¦¿ð¦¼ 

Â¢üÈ¢ ¨Éì¸ ÊòÐ ÚìÌ 

¾÷ì¸ Á¢ð¦¼ ¨ÉôÀ¢ Êì¸ ÅÕ§À¡¾¢§Ä 3 

¾ò¾ Ç¢ìÌ Òò¾¢ ¨Âò¾¢ 

¼ôÀ Îò¾¢ ¦Â¡ò¾¢ ¼ò¾ 

½¢ôÒ Úò¾¢ ¦ÁöòÐ ¨½ìÌ ÅÃ§ÅÏ§Á 4 

±ò¾ ÄòÐ ¦ÁôÀ ¾¢ìÌõ 

±ôÀ ÊìÌõ ±îº ¡¢òÐ 

¿üÀ ¾ò¨¾ Ôîº ¡¢ìÌõ ¿¢¨ÉÅ¡¸¢§Â 5 

þð¼õ ¨Åò¾ Å÷ì¸ ÑìÃ 

¸îº ÓòÃ Å¢ò¨¾ Â¢üôÃ 

º¢ò¾ ¿¢òÂ Óò¾ Á¢úìÌõ «Õû§À¡¾§É 6 

«òÃ ÀòÃ º¢òÃ Á¢ð¼ 

Â¢üÀ ¨¼ò¾ Â¢ü¸¢ ¨½ò¾ 

Ä÷ì¸ ÏüÈ ¦À¡üÌ Èò¾¢ Á½Å¡Ç§É 7 






23. ¾¢Õî¦ºó¾¢ø ÅÌôÒ 

ºó¾ Àó¾ ÓóÐ Å¢ó¨¾ ¦ºï¦º¡ Ä¢ýôÃ Àó¾ ¿óÐ 

ºí¸ Áí¸ Äõ¦À¡ ÕóÐ ¾Á¢úÀ¡Ê§Â 1 

¾ïº ¦ÁýÚ ¦ºýÚ ¦ºýÚ ¿ïÍ Å¢ïÍ ¦¿ïº Åïº÷ 

¾í¸ñ ÓýÒ ¿¢ýÚ ¿¢ýÚ ¦ÁÄ¢§Å¡ ¾¢§Â 2 

º¢ó¨¾ ¦¿¡óÐ ¦¿¡óÐ ¨¿óÐ ¨¿óÐ ¦ÅõÀ¢ ¦ÅõÀ¢ Âí¸¢ 

º¢ó¾¢ Â¢ó¾ ¦ÅíÌ ¼õ¨À «Æ¢§À¡ÐÁ¡ 3 

º¢í¸ ÓýÒ Ìó¾ ¾ó¾¢ Â¢ýÌ Äí¸ ÄíÌ Àñ¦À¡ 

º¢ó¾ ÐýÀ ¦Áý¦È¡ Æ¢óÐ ¸¨Ã§ÂÚ§Åý 4 

«ó¾ Ãí¸û «ñ¼÷ «ñ¼õ Áñ¼ ÄíÌ Öí¸ ¿¢ýÈ 

¨ºó¾ ¨ºóÐ Àó¦¾ ØõÀ «ÍÃ¡¾¢§Â¡÷ 5 

«í¸ ¼í¸û Ðñ¼ Ðñ¼ ¸ñ¼ Àó¾¢ ¸ñ¨¼ Åó¾ 

¨ÄóÐ ÕñÎ Áñ¨¼ º¢ó¾ «¼÷§¸¡À§É 6 

¸ó¾ ºó¾ ÑíÌ ÌõÀ ¦¸¡í¨¸ Â¢ó¾¢ ÃýÁ ¼ó¨¾ 

¸í¸ ½õÒ Ãó¾ ¦ÅýÈ¢ «½¢§¿Â§É 7 

¸õÒ Áïº Óó¾¢ ¸úó¾¢ Õó¾¢ Îó¾¢ Èï¦º È¢óÐ. 






24. ¾¢ÕôÀÆ¿¢ ÅÌôÒ 

±ó¾Å¢¨É ÔõÀÅÓõ ±ó¾Å¢¼ ÓõÀ¼Õõ 

±ó¾þ¸ ÖõÀÆ¢Ôõ ±ó¾ÅØ ×õÀ¢½¢Ôõ 

±ó¾þ¸ú ×í¦¸¡ÊÂ ±ó¾Åº¢ Ôïº¢È¢Ðõ «Ï¸¡Á§Ä 1 

º¢ó¾¢Â« Ãõ¨ÀÀÄ Å¢ý¸É¢Â¢ø ÅóÐÅ¢Æ 

¦Áý¸É¢Ô ¨¼ó¾Í¨Ç Å¢ñ¼¿¨È ¦¸¡ñÎº¢Ú 

¦ºñÀ¸Å Éí¸ûÅÇ÷ ¦¾ýÀÆ¿¢ ÂõÀ¾¢Â¢ý ÓÕ§¸º§É. 8 

±ó¾þÃ ×ó¾É¢¨Á ±ó¾ÅÆ¢ ÔõÒÌ¾ 

±ó¾þ¼ Óïº¨ÀÂ¢ø ±ó¾Ó¸ ÓõÒ¸Öõ 

±ó¾¦Á¡Æ¢ Ôó¾Á¢Øõ ±ó¾Å¢¨º Ôõ¦ÀÕ¨Á º¢¾È¡Á§Ä 2 

Åó¾¨É¦ºö ÐýºÃ½ ¿õÒ¾øÒ ¡¢ó¾«Õû 

Åó¾Ñ¾¢ Éó¾É¢Öõ ¦¿ïº¢ø¿¢¨É Å¢ýÀÊÅ 

Ãó¾Ãˉ Åó¾Õûþ ¾õ¦ÀÚÅ ¾ýÈ¢¦¿Î Å¨ÄÅ£º¢§Â 3 

ÅïºÅ¢Æ¢ ºñ¼ýˉÚ ¸¢ýÈ¦À¡Ø ÐíÌÁÃ 

¸ó¾±É ¿ý¸¨ÈÂ ×ó¦¾Ç¢× ¾óÐÂ¢÷Å 

ÕóÐÀÂ Óó¾É¢¨Á Ôó¾Å¢Ã «ïº¦ÄÉ ÅÃ§ÅÏ§Á 4 

¾ó¾ÉÉ ¾ó¾ÉÉ ÊñÊÌÊ ÊñÊÌÊ 

Ìñ¼Á¼ Ìñ¼Á¼ Áñ¼¦ÁÉ ¿¢ýÚÓÃ 

ºó¾¢Á¢¨Ä Àõ¨ÀÐÊ ¾¢ñÊÁÓ ÆíÌõ´Ä¢ ¾¢¨ºÅ£È§Å 5 

¾ñ¼«Á÷ Áñ¼ÍÃ÷ Áñ¨¼¿¢½ ¦ÁýÈÄ¨¸ 

ÔñÎÁ¢ú¾ø ¸ñ¼ÁÃ÷ þó¾¢ÃýÅ ½íÌÀ¾ 

¾ñ¨¼º¢Ú ¸¢í¸¢½¢À ÄõÀ¢¼Å ÕõÀÅÉ¢ ÁÂ¢øÅ¡¸É¡ 6 

¦ºó¾Ç¢¨Ã ÓóÐÀ¼õ ±ýÚÇÁ ÕñÎ¿¢¨È 

ºó¾ÉÅ ÉíÌÄ× Áó¾¢Ì¾¢ ¦¸¡ñ¼Âø¦º 

È¢ó¾¸Ó ¸¢ýÒ¨¼À Ðí¸¢¼Å ¨ÇóÐ¿¢Á¢÷ Á¼øº¡¼§Å 7 






25. ¾¢ÕôÀÃí¸¢¡¢ ÅÌôÒ 

º¡¾¢ÔíÌÄõ ¬ÅÐíÌÊ ¬ÅÐïºÉõ ¬ÅÐí¸¢¨Ç 

¾¡ÃÓó¾¢Ã À¡ÄÕõÀ¢Ã ¾¡ÉÓõ¦ÀÕ ¸¡ñ¨ÁÔõ¦ÀÚ 

¾¡ÉÓõÀÌ Á¡ÉÓïº¢Å »¡ÉÓõÀÄ §¸¡ÄÓõÒ¡¢ ¦¾¡Æ¢§Ä¡Î¦Á 1 

¾¡úÅ¸ýÈ¢Î Å¡ú×õ¦ÅõÀ¢½¢ §¿¡Ôõ«í¸¾¢ Ä¡ÐÃó¾É¢ 

Ä¡ÅÐó¾Ç÷ º¡¦Å¡Æ¢ó¾¢Î §Â¡¸Óïº¢Å §ÀÚõ ±ó¾¿¢ 

¾¡ÉÓï¦ºö¾ Ã¡Í¸ñ¼Ð §À¡øÅÕõ¦À¡Ð Å¡Ì¦ÁýÚÉ 

¾¢Õ¾¡¨Ç§Â 2 

µ¾¢¦ÉïºÂ Ã¡÷¾¢Éó¾¢¡¢ ¸¡ÄÓó¦¾¡Ø §Å¡÷Å¢ÕõÀ¢Â 

§¾Ðõ «ýÒ¼ §É¾ÕíìÕ¨À Â¡¸Åó¾Ñ â¾¢¾óÐÓ 

ëø¸¼ó¾¢¼ §ÅÒÃó¾Õû ÜÕõþí¸¢¾ §º¨Å¿õÀ¢Â ÀÊ¸¡½§Å 3 

Á¡¾¢Ãó¾¢¨º Â¡¸Åó¾¢¸ ¼¡ºÄó¾¢¨Ã Á¡ºÄõÒÅ¢ 

Á¡¸Áñ¼¸ ¼¡¸Óõ¦À¡É¢ý §ÁÕÅ¢ý¾¨Ä §ÂÌÖíÌ¢¼ 

Å¡º¦Á¡ýÈ¢Â ¸¡ø¦À¡ÕóÐ¸û Å¡ý¿¢ÃõÀ¢¼ §ÅÅÕí¸¾¢÷ 

ÅÊ§ÅÄ§É 7 

Å¡ÉÃí¸¾¢÷ ¾¡×¾ñ¼¨Ä §Á×¦¸¡ñ¼¨Ä äÎ¿¢ýÈ¨Ä 

Á¡þÉí¸Ç¢ Üå¿ñ¦À¡Î §¸¡¸¿ï¦ºÈ¢ Å¡Å¢º¢ó¾¢Â 

À¡ø«Õó¾¢Â §À÷º¢Èó¾¢Õ ãÅ÷Å¢ï¨ºÂ÷ ÝúÀÃí¸¢¡¢ 

ÓÕ§¸º§É. 8 

¾¢ÕÅÌôÒ ÓüÈ¢üÚ. 

µ¨¸Åó¾¨É Â¡öÅ½í¸¢Â ²¨Æº¢ó¨¾Ô §Ç¿¢¨Éó¾¢Î 

§Å¨ÇÅó¾¢É¢ ¾¡öÅÃó¾Ã §ÅÏ¦ÁýÈ¸ §ÁÅÕó¾¢Ôõ 

µ¾¢Éý¾¢Éõ ¿¡ýÅ¢ÇõÒ¾ø ¿£«È¢óÐõ þ§¾ýþÃí¸¢¨Ä 

ÂÈ¢§Åý³Â¡ 4 

¬¾¢Âó¾Á É¡¾¢Å¢óÐ× ¿¡¾ÓõÀ¢¡¢ Â¡¿¢¨Èó¾Å 

ÕÀþýÀ¦º¡ åÀÍó¾Ã §º¡¾¢Á¢ý¦À¡Ä¢ ¿£¾¢Âõ¦À¡Õ 

Ç¡¸¿¢ýÈÀ Ã¡ÀÃý¸Õ ½¡ÄÂýÒÄ §Å¡÷þ¨Èïº¢¼ ±¾¢÷¸¡Ç¢Å¡ 5 

¾¡¼Ä¢ý¦º¸ §º¸¢½í¸¢½ §ºÌ¼ñ¼Á ¼¡¼Áñ¼Á 

¾¡¸¢½í¸¢½ §¾¡¾¢½í¸¢É ¾¡¾¢Á¢ó¾¢Á¢ §¾¡±Ûó¦¾¡É¢ 

Â¡÷º¢Äõ¦À¡Ä¢ ¾¡ÇÁ¢ïº¢¼ §Å¿¼õÒ¡¢ À¡¾¿õÀÃý «ÕûÀ¡Ä§É 6 






1 seerpaatha vaguppu 

2 thEvEnthira sanga vaguppu 

3 vEl vaguppu 

4 thiruvELaikkaaran vaguppu 

5 peruththa vasana vaguppu 

6 pUtha vEthaaLa vaguppu 

7 porugaLath thalakai vaguppu 

8 serukkaLath thalakai vaguppu 

9 pOrkkaLath thalakai vaguppu 

10 thirunyaana vEla vaguppu 

11 thirukkaiyil valakka vaguppu 

12 vEtichi kaavalan vaguppu 

13 sEvakan vaguppu 

14 vElvaangu vaguppu 

15 puya vaguppu 

16 siththu vaguppu 

17 kataikkaNiyal vaguppu 

18 sivalOka vaguppu 

19 mayil vaguppu 

20 kolu vaguppu 

21 veeravaaL vaguppu 

22 sivakiri vaguppu 

23 thiruchenthil vaguppu 

24 thiruppalani vaguppu 

25 thirupparangiri vaguppu 

Sri Arunagirinaathar Swaamigal's 

thiru vaguppu 






1. seerpaatha vaguppu --- mUlam 

uthathiyitai katavumara kathavaruNa kulathuraka 

vupalaLitha kanakaratha ...... sathakOti sUriyarkaL 1 

uthayamena athikavitha kalapakaka mayilinmisai 

yukamutivin iruLakala ...... orusOthi veesuvathum 2 

utalumuta luyirunilai peruthalporu Lenavulaka 

moruvivaru manupavana ...... sivayOka saathanaiyil 3 

olukumavar piRithupara vasamaliya viliserugi 

yuNarvuvili kotuniyathi ...... thamathUtu naatuvathum 4 

uruvenavu maruvenavu muLathenavu milathenavu 

mulaluvana parasamaya ...... kalaiyaara vaaramaRa 5 

uraiyavila vuNarvavila vuLamavila vuyiravila 

vuLapatiyai yuNarumava ...... ranupUthi yaanathuvum 6 

uRavumuRai manaivimaka venumalaiyi lenathithaya 

vuruvutaiya malinapava ...... salaraasi yERavitum 7 

uRupuNaiyu maRimukamu muyaramarar maNimutiyil 

uRaivathuvu mulaivilathu ...... matiyEn manOrathamum 8 

ithaliveku mukakakana nathiyaRuku thaRukaNara 

imakiraNa tharuNavutu ...... pathisEr sataamavuli 9 

iRaimakila vutaimaNiyo taNisakala maNikalena 

imaiyamayil thaluvumoru ...... thirumaarpi laatuvathum 10 

imaiyavarkaL nakariliRai kutipukutha nirutharvayi 

REripukutha vurakarpathi ...... apishEka maayiramum 11 

elupilamu neRuneRena muRiyavata kuvatitiya 

iLaiyathaLar nataipalaki ...... viLaiyaatal kUruvathum 12 

iniyakani katalaipaya Rotiyalpori yamuthuseyum 

ilakuveku katavikata ...... thatapaara mEruvutan 13 

ikalimuthu thikirikiri nEriyavaLai katalkathaRa 

elupuviyai yorunotiyil ...... valamaaka vOtuvathum 14 

eRulipuli karatiyari karikatamai varutaiyulai 

yiralaimarai yiravupakal ...... iraithErka taataviyil 15 

eyinaritu mithaNathanil iLakuthinai kiLikatiya 

inithupayil siRumivaLar ...... punamee thulaavuvathum 16 

muthalavinai mutiviliru piRaiyeyiRu kayiRukotu 

muthuvatavai vilisulala ...... varugaala thUtharketa 17 

mutukuvathum aruNeRiyil uthavuvathum ninaiyumavai 

mutiyavaru vathumatiyar ...... pakaikOti saatuvathum 18 






mokumokena mathupamural kuravuviLa vinathukuRu 

muRiyumalar vakuLathaLa ...... muluneela theevaramum 19 

murukukamal vathumakila muthanmaitharu vathumviratha 

munivarkaru thariyathava ...... muyalvaar thapOpalamum 20 

murugasara vaNamakaLir aRuvarmulai nukarumaRu 

mukakumara saraNamena ...... aruLpaati yaatimika 21 

molikulaRa aluthutholu thurukumavar viliyaruvi 

mulukuvathum varugavena ...... aRaikUvi yaaLuvathum 22 

matiyamalai piLavupata makarasala nithikuRuki 

maRukimuRai yitamuniyum ...... vativEla neelakiri 29 

maruvukuru pathiyuvathi pavathipaka vathimathura 

vasanipayi ravikavuri ...... yumaiyaaLthri sUlathari 30 

vanasaimathu pathiyamalai visayaithiri puraipunithai 

vanithaiyapi navaiyanakai ...... yapiraama naayakithan 31 

mathalaimalai kilavananu pavanapaya nupayasathur 

maRaiyinmuthal natumutivin ...... maNanaaRu seeRatiyE 32 

mutiyavali valiyatimai yenumurimai yatimaimulu 

thulakaRiya malalaimoli ...... kotupaatum sukavi 23 

muthalamoli vananipuNa mathupamuka rithamavuna 

mukuLapari maLanikila ...... kavimaalai sUtuvathum 24 

mathasikari kathaRimuthu muthalaikavar tharanetiya 

matunatuvil veruviyoru ...... visaiyaathi mUlamena 25 

varugaruNai varathanikal iraNiyanai nuthiyukirin 

vakirumata larivativu ...... kuRaLaaki maapaliyai 26 

valiyasiRai yitaveLiyin mukatukili patamutiya 

vaLarumukil niruthaniru ...... pathuvaaku pUtharamum 27 

makutamoru pathumuRiya atupakali vitukurisil 

maruganisi sararthaLamum ...... varuthaara kaasuranum 28 






2. thEvEnthira sanga vaguppu --- mUlam 

tharaNiyi laraNiya muraNira Niyanutal thanainaka nuthikotu 

saatOngune tungiri yOtEnthupa yangari 1 

thamaruga paripura olikotu natanavil saraNiya sathurmaRai 

thaathaampuya manthira vEthaanthapa ramparai 2 

sarivaLai virisatai yEripurai vativinaL sathathaLa mukuLitha 

thaamaangusa menRiru thaaLaanthathara ampikai 3 

tharupathi surarOtu saruviya asurarkaL thatamaNi mutipoti 

thaanaampati sengaiyil vaaLvaangiya sangari 4 

iraNaki raNamata mayinmruga mathapuLa kithaviLa mulaiyiLa 

neerthaanginu tangiya nUlpOnRama runginaL 5 

iRukiya siRupiRai yeyiRutai yamapatar enathuyir koLavarin 

yaanEnguthal kandethir thaanEnRuko Lunguyil 6 

itupali kotuthiri yiravalar itarketa vitumana karathala 

Ekaamaparai yinthirai mOkaangasu mangalai 7 

kanalEri kaNapaNa kuNamaNi yaNipaNi kanavaLai marakatha 

kaasaampara kanjsuLi thUsaampati kondavaL 10 

kanaikalal ninaiyalar uyiravi payiravi kavurika malaikulai 

kaathaarnthase lungalu neerthOyntha perunthiru 11 

karaipoli thirumuka karuNaiyi lulakelu katanilai peRavaLar 

kaavEnthiya paingiLi maasaampavi thanthavan 12 

araNetu vatavarai yatiyotu potipata alaikatal ketaayil 

vElvaangiya senthamil nUlOnkuma rankukan 13 

aRumuka norupatho tirupuya napinava nalakiya kuRamakaL 

thaarvEnthapu yanpakai yaamaantharkaL anthakan 14 

atanmiku katathata vikatitha mathakaLi Ranavara thamumaka 

laamaantharkaL sinthaiyil vaalvaampati senthilil 15 

athipathi yenavaru peruthiRal muruganai aruLpata molipavar 

raaynthu vaNanguvar thEvEnthira sangamE 16 

eluthiya patamena iruLaRu sutarati yiNaitholu mavunikaL 

Ekaanthasu lantharu paasaangusa sunthari 8 

karaNamu maraNamu malamotu mutalpatu katuvinai ketaninai 

kaalaanthari kanthari neelaanjsani nanjsumil 9 






3. vEl vaguppu --- mUlam 

paruththamulai siRuththaitai veLuththanakai 

kaRuththakulal sivaththavithal maRachiRumi 

vilikkunika raakum 1 

panaikkamuka patakkarata mathaththavaLa 

kasakkatavuL pathaththituni kaLaththumuLai 

theRikkavara maakum 2 

paluththamuthu thamilppalakai yirukkumoru 

kavippulavan isaikkurugi varaikkukaiyai 

yitiththuvali kaaNum 3 

pasiththalakai musiththaluthu muRaippatuthal 

oliththavuNar uraththuthira niNaththasaikaL 

pusikkavaruL nErum 4 

surarkkumuni vararkkumaka pathikkumvithi 

thanakkumari thanakkunarar thamakkukuRum 

itukkaNvinai saatum 5 

sutarparuthi oLippanila volukkumathi 

oLippaalai yatakkuthalal oLippavoLir 

oLippirapai veesum 6 

thuthikkumati yavarkkoruvar ketukkaitar 

ninaikkinavar kulaththaimutha laRakkaLaiyum 

enakkOrthuNai yaakum 7 

solaRkariya thiruppukalai yuraiththavarai 

yatuththapakai yaRuththeRiya vurukkiyelu 

maRaththainilai kaaNum 8 

tharukkinaman murukkavarin irukkumathi 

thariththamuti pataiththaviRal pataiththaiRai 

kalaRkunika raakum 9 

thalaththiluLa kaNaththokuthi kaLippinuNa 

valaippathena malarkkamala karaththinmunai 

vithirkkavaLai vaakum 10 

thaniththuvali natakkumena thitaththumoru 

valaththumiru puRaththumaru katuththiravu 

pakatrruNaiya thaakum 11 

salaththuvarum arakkarutal koluththuvaLar 

peruththakutar sivaththathotai yenachikaiyil 

viruppamotu sUtum 12 

thiraikkatalai yutaiththuniRai punarkatithu 

kutiththutaiyum utaippataiya ataiththuthira 

niRaiththuviLai yaatum 13 

thisaikkariyai muthaRkulisan aRuththasiRai 

muLaiththathena mukattinitai paRakkavaRa 

visaiththathira vOtum 14 






sinaththavuNar ethirththaraNa kaLaththilveku 

kuRaiththalaikaL siriththeyiRu katiththuvili 

viliththalaRa mOthum 15 

thiruththaNiyil uthiththaruLum oruththanmalai 

viruththanena thuLaththiluRai karuththanmayil 

nataththukukan vElE 16 






4. thiruvELaikkaaran vaguppu --- mUlam 

napaya paththivali paatupeRu muththiyathu 

vaakanikal paththasana vaarak kaaranum 1 

ramathu riththakani kaaraNamu thatrramaiya 

naarutanu Nakkaipari theemaik kaaranum 2 

kamamvi Laiththakila lOkamu notippaLavil 

saiyotu sutrrumathi vEkak kaaranum 3 

Navaa lukkataiyum viyai viLakkiyanu 

pUthiyatai viththathoru paarvaik kaaranum 4 

talaivu pattamarar naatathupi laikkaama 

raavathipu rakkumatal Nmaik kaaranum 5 

takavi sithrakana kOpuramu kappilaru 

Naapuriyil niRkumatai yaaLak kaaranum 6 

yiramu kaththunathi paalanuma kaththatimai 

yaanavar thotuththakavi maalaik kaaranum 7 

Rumuka viththakanum Rirupu yaththarasum 

thimuti vatrrathiru naamak kaaranum 8 

yaanenathe nacharuvum eenasama yaththevarum 

yaarumuNar thaRkariya nErmaik kaaranum 9 

yaathunilai yatrralaiyum ElupiRa vikkatalai 

yERavitu naRkaruNai yOtak kaaranum 10 

Erakam itaikkalisi raamalaithi ruppalani 

yEraNise ruththaNiyil vaasak kaaranum 11 

Elaiyin irattaivinai yaayathoru taRsiRaiyi 

raamalvitu viththaruLni yaayakkaaranum 12 

yaamaLaima Nakkumuka saamaLaima Nikkuyilai 

yaayenaa laiththuruku nEyak kaaranum 13 

EthamaRa nichayama nOlayavi LakkoLiyum 

yaakamuni varkkuriya kaavaR kaaranum 14 

eeriruma rupputaiya sOnaimatha veRpivarum 

yaanaiyaLa vitrruvaLum saik kaaranum 15 

Etavilka tappamalar kUthaLamu tikkumiLai 

yOnumaRi viRpEriya mEnmaik kaaranum 16 

vaanavarpo ruttumaka vaanathupo ruttumalar 

vaaviyilu thiththamuka maayak kaaranum 17 

vaaraNapa thikkuthavu naaraNanu vakkumaru 

maanumaya naikkaRuvu kOpak kaaranum 18 






vaaliyena niththamaRa vaathupara viRsaraNa 

vaarisama Likkumupa kaarak kaaranum 19 

maatamathil sutrriyathri kUtakiri yiRkathirsey 

maanakari yiRkatavuL yak kaaranum 20 

vaaLeyiRa thutrrapaku vaaythoRune ruppumilum 

vaasukiye tuththuthaRum vaasik kaaranum 21 

vaaLakiri yaiththanathu thaaLiliti yapporuthu 

vaakaipunai kukkutapa thaakaik kaaranum 22 

mEnaiyari vaikkuriya pEranuma thiththathiRal 

veeranuma rakkarkula sURaik kaaranum 29 

vEthiyarve Rukkaiyuma naathipara vaSthuvumvi 

saakanumvi kaRpaveku rUpak kaaranum 30 

vEtuvarpu naththiluru maaRimuni soRpativi 

yaakulama naththinotu pOmviR kaaranum 31 

mEviyapu naththithaNil Oviyame naththikalu 

mEthaku kuRaththithiru vELaik kaaranE. 32 

maasiluyi rukkuyiru maasiluNar vukkuNarvum 

vaanilaNu vukkaNuvu paayak kaaranum 23 

vaathanaitha virththakuru naathanumve Lippatama 

kaataviyil niRpathorsa kaayak kaaranum 24 

meenavanu mikkapula vOrumuRai poRpalakai 

meethamartha milthrayavi nOthak kaaranum 25 

vO¢mathu maththamathi thaathakika tukkaipunai 

vENiyarthu thippathoru kELvik kaaranum 26 

vElaithukaL pattumalai sUranutal patturuva 

vElaiyuRa vittathani vElaik kaaranum 27 

meenulavu kirththikaiku maaranuni naikkumavar 

veetupeRa vaiththaruLu thaarak kaaranum 28 






5. peruththa vasana vaguppu --- mUlam 

arukkan ulaviya sakathra yamumisai 

yathiRkoL suvaiyena anaiththu niRaivathum 1 

avaSthai palavaiyu matakki yakilamum 

avilchi peRaini thirukku mavunamum 2 

asattu veRuvali valakkar aRuvarum 

aratrru vanaporuL vikaRpa molivathum 3 

alukku malaviruL mulukkin ulalvathai 

yatakki yavaneRi katakka vituvathum 4 

erukkum ithaliyu mutikkum iRaikuru 

emakkum iRaiyavan enaththi kaluvathum 5 

irattai vinaikotu thirattu malavutal 

iNakkam aRavoru kaNakkai yaruLvathum 6 

irukku muthaliya samaStha kalaikaLum 

ithaRki thethirena iNaikka ariyathum 7 

neruppu nilamveLi maruththu vanamena 

niRaiththa neRimuRai karakkum uruvamum 10 

ninaippu ninaivathu ninaippa vanumaRu 

nilaththil nilaipeRa niRuththa vuriyathum 11 

nilaiththa atiyavar malaiththal athuketa 

nivirththi yuRaanu pavikku nithiyamum 12 

urukku thiruvaruL thiLaiththu makilthara 

uLaththo turaiseyal oLiththu vituvathum 13 

oLikkum oLiyena veLikkum veLiyena 

uyirkkum uyirena nikalchi tharuvathum 14 

uraththa thanimayil ukaiththu nisisarar 

oLikka amarporu samarththan aNithalai 15 

utuththa kuRamakaL maNakkum aRumukan 

oruththan aruLiya peruththa vasanamE. 16 

iRakka enathethir natakkum yamapatar 

katakka vituvathor iyaRkai yaruLvathum 8 

nerukku vanavupa nitaththin iRuthikaL 

nirappu kataiyinil iruppai yutaiyathum 9 






6. pUtha vEthaaLa vaguppu --- mUlam 

aruNa kaNapaNa puyaka sutikaiyin 

akila puvanamum uthavu malaimakaL 1 

amalai yaariyai yanthari sunthari 

yimaya maamayil ampaithri yampaki 2 

achuthasa kOthariya naiththuvE thaththalaivi 

yaRputhapu raathaniva raprakaa saprakruthi 3 

ampoR kundalap pEthai saampavi 

vimpak kinjsukap pUvai pUngoti 4 

axara laxaja paththarkra maththitu 

sakratha laththithri yaxisa taxari 5 

yii thiru mainthanmukam yiramvi Langiyathor 

Ruthara vantharuLum Rumuka pundarikan 6 

aruvarai thiRanthuvan sangraama kaRkimuki 

apayamita anjsalen Rangeera nukkuthavi 7 

arasaRiya vaamanamu nikkorutha milthrayamum 

aparimitha maakaviva riththakata vutpulavan 8 

anupava siththa pavakkata liRpu kaathenai 

vinaviye tuththaruL vaiththa kalaRkru paakaran 9 

silaa saara thapOthana rinpuRum 

vaasakaa theetha manOlaya panjsaran 10 

akaru mrugamatha kaLapa parimaLa 

vikata mukapata katina puLakitha 11 

amirtha pUthari andarse lungoti 

kumutha vaaymayil kunjsari manjsari 12 

akkamoru kOtipeRu vajrapaa Nikkumari 

thakkaama raavathipu rakkum naikkiRaivan 13 

aimpath thonRilet taaRil mUnRinil 

ainthiR Rangumap paalai vaanporuL 14 

appati paththi paluththa manaththinar 

archanai mechiya sechai maNippuyan 15 

Runilai yenRumutha laakiya parangiriyum 

vina netungutiyum raNa mutinthitamum 16 

aruNaiyum ilanjsiyunj senthUr thiruppalani 

atiyarmana pangayanj sengOti taikkaliyum 17 

anavaratha neelamalar muththeRisu naippunalil 

aruvikuthi paaytharuse ruththaNiyen veRpumenum 18 






alakil thiruppathi yiRpayil kaRpa kaatavi 

anupavan aththanni ruththan araththa taiyan 19 

Rumaa maathar payOthara panthiyil 

ravE paalamu thaarune tunthakai 20 

varuNa saravaNa matuvil varumoru 

mathalai maRaikamal kuthalai moliyinan 21 

mathuka raarava manthira sinthura 

maNama Raatha katampu punainthavan 22 

mattoluku saaramathu riththathE naipparuga 

markkatasa mUkamamai thottiRaa lettuvarai 23 

manRaR paimpunath thaaLpa thaampuyam 

vanthik kunthanik kaama vaanjsaiyan 24 

maththamu tiththaruL aththarpri yappata 

niththama Raipporu LaiththeLi viththavan 25 

maathiramu mantharamu neerunila nunganaka 

maalvaraiyu tansulala vaasukivi tampoliya 26 

makarasali langatain thinthraathi yarkkamuthu 

pakirtharu mukunthanman panjsaayu thakkatavuL 27 

maruganmaRa vaathavarni naippavaimu tikkumavan 

urukumati yaariruvi naiththokaiya Rukkumavan 28 

maRavarpo ruppil oruththipo rutta naaLiLa 

vativamu lukka naraiththavi ruththa vEthiyan 29 

maatharaa rUpan niraakula sinthaiyan 

thikU thaaLa mathaaNiya langruthan 30 

varatha vitharaNa viratha anupava 

mavuna kuruparan nipuNa kuNatharan 31 

vanaja jaathanai yanRumu ninthaRa 

valiya paaravi langitu pungavan 32 

mattiliru naaluthisai kattune mikkiriyum 

uththaraku Naathikuta thaxiNaa thikkiriyum 33 

mangath thungavit tERu vaangiya 

sengaip pangayas sOthi kaangEyan 34 

maththama lathraya miththaitha virththaruL 

suththapa vithrani varththiya Lippavan 35 

vaaraNamu kanthanathu thaathaiyaiva lanjsulala 

vaakaimayil kondulaku sUlnotiva rungumaran 36 

mayamuRu prapanjsamunj sangEtha atsamaya 

valiyumana mungatan thengEnu niRkumavan 37 

mathuramoli yaalulaka naiththaiyum uNarththumavan 

vataanala nErkotiya kukkutam uyarththakukan 38 






marakatha paxa kulaththura kaththi vaakarar 

vativaiyu rukki vatiththa thirukkai vElkotu 39 

vaarikO kOena vaayvita vanthethir 

sUramaa sEnaiyai mOthuka Lanthanil 40 

(sUra sammaara pOrk kaLaththil pUtha vEthaaLa varNaNai) 

uruvam iruLela eyiRu nilavela 

ulaku veruvara asaiya varuvana 41 

utaiya naayaki kanduma kilnthita 

nataivi nOthavi thampuri panthiya 42 

okkalaivi taathalutha ratrrupaa larkkumika 

uchiveti yaathuniNa meththavE thappuvana 43 

unguk kinguvit taali naankinum 

onRuk konRati paaythal kaaNpana 44 

yuththaka Laththinil rathnama Nikkuvai 

ottamo totrraii rattaipi tippana 45 

yOkinika LumpEriya saakinika Lumputhiya 

mOkinika Lumpalaiya taakinika Lumpukala 46 

uvaNanirai konditunj sengaava Naththitaiyil 

uRavukoLa vanthutham peNkaaRai kattuvana 47 

umilkuruthi yaaRataipa takkuRata tukkiyathil 

upavanamor Elaiyumu Riththaruko lukkuvana 48 

utupata laththai maRaiththa kuRaikku vaalutal 

uthirasa muththira mutrru nilaippa taathana 49 

Otaimaal vaaraNa yUkam atangalum 

OrorpEy neeLkatai vaayi latanguva 50 

utali nisisarar mavuli oliyalum 

uthatu malaivana pathati mulaiyina 51 

uthathi yEluma tangavu Rinjsiyum 

uthara vaaralal ninRuko Lunthuva 52 

ukkirai raavaNane tuththamE rukkiriyum 

otrriyiru thOLkotupa Riththitaa thappuvana 53 

onRith thiNkuraR kUkai paampotu 

venRis senthalaith thaali pUNpana 54 

okkami tatrril iRakku kuRaiththalai 

vikki veLukka veLukka vilippana 55 

yOkupuri yungukaiyum yOkapara rumporuva 

Otaimatha thanthivayi RUtinithu Ranguvana 56 

usithapisi thangoNarn thingERa vitrrumena 

mathamalaiye lumpukoN tangaati kattuvana 58 






uthiraniNa vaaLperuga vottuvana vettuvana 

utalinatu vUturuva muttuvana thattuvana 58 

olukupi Naththuni Naththin aLatrri lEpalu 

otiyavu lakkiva lukki yurutti veelvana 59 

Usalaar vaarkulai yOlai yitumpati 

Othusaa meekara nEmi pitunguva 60 

karaNam ituvana kuNalai yituvana 

kalaiyai natuvana pavuri varuvana 61 

kakana kUtamu tainthuvi lumpati 

kathaRi vaayanal kaNkanal sinthuva 62 

kaichathiyi naamuRaivi thiththavaa muRkatitha 

sachaputa saasaputa satpithaa puththirika 63 

kandas sampathip pEtha maampala 

kanjsap panjsakath thaaLa maampati 64 

kaRsari yuRsava tharppaNa laxaNa 

sachari mattisai yotrriya Ruppana 65 

kaayEriya pangiyotu sEkarami kunthasaiva 

kaathupatu sangavaLa maalikaipu nainthisaiva 66 

karuNaiya thikanthuvan thoNkOku lappEriya 

karumutiyo tumpatung kangaaLa moththuvana 67 

katipayira vaathikaLpri yappatuka thikkisaiya 

natainavilu paavanai yuthikkunata viththaiyina 68 

katakama tuththa itakkai valakkai vaaLina 

karuthiya laxiya laxaNa mutrru mOthuva 69 

kaalamaa Raatha varaaLisi kandikai 

paalasee kaamara maanavi panjsikai 70 

kavuta payiravi laLithai kayisikai 

kavuLi malakari pavuLi yisaivana 71 

kanava raatiya rumpata manjsari 

thanatha naasivi thampatu panjsami 72 

kaichulavu kOnmuRaivi thiththaraa kaththataivil 

uchamathu saathikame tuththumEl ettuvana 73 

kanjsak kanjsanaR REsi raanjsiku 

Rinjsip paNkuRith thiyaalai yEnthuva 74 

katrravu tukkaiyi takkaika LappaRai 

maththaLi kottiya mutrruma tippana 75 

kaarenamu langukura lERuthuti santhravaLai 

veeramura sunthimiltha taarikuta panjsamuki 76 

karatipaRai yanganan thangOti kottuvana 

muRaimuRai kavanthanin RonROtu kittuvana 77 






kasarathapa thaakiniya rakkarthuNi pattuvilu 

kaLamuluthum vaaliya thiruppukalmu lakkuvana 78 

katiyaku Naththa sinaththa sakathra yOsanai 

netiya kaluththa suliththa viliththa paarvaiya 79 

kaathanU Raayira kOti vaLainthana 

pUthavE thaaLam anEkavi thangaLE. 80 






7. porugaLath thalakai vaguppu --- mUlam 

athirththa paripura pathaththi payiravi 

amaiththa karathali priyaththai yutaiyana 1 

atiththa thamaruga karaththar payiravar 

natiththa navarasa nataththai yaRivana 2 

arukkar pathamala vutukkaL pathamaLa 

vatukku piNamoru kuRatti lataisuva 3 

aLakkar utaipata mikuththa kuruthiyai 

ataiththu mataipata vutaiththu vituvana 4 

arakkar mutikaLai yatuppu vakirvana 

avatrrin ulaiyena iraththam vituvana 5 

atukkal enumavar eyitrrai yavarkara 

akappai yavaikotu pukatti atuvana 6 

amilththi ativilu piNaththin niNaveLi 

RaLatrri nitaiyati valukki viluvana 7 

atappai yitavarum aNukka rutanvaru 

thatakkai mathamalai nataththi varuvana 8 

kuthiththu makilvotu mithiththu natamitu 

kuRatku mikuthasai kotuththu varuvana 9 

koluththa kurakatha iRaichi vakaivakai 

kuviththu muRaimuRai aviththu nukarvana 10 

kuruththu malarinum veLuththa niNamathu 

koLuththi analathil vethuppi yituvana 11 

kuthatti netuyana uthattil ituthasai 

kotikku muthusina narikkum umilvana 12 

kuNakku vaLaikatal vatakki yamathisai 

kutakku muluvathu matakku vayiRina 13 

kurakku mitaRina karaththil elukiri 

kulukki yatiyotu paRiththu nimirvana 14 

kuthiththu mulukiyum iraththa nathiyitai 

kutiththum uNarvotu kaLiththu varuvana 15 

kuRaththi yiRaivanai niRaiththu malarati 

kuRiththu valipatu kuNaththai yutaiyana 16 

thuthikkai malaikaLai atukki alakaikaL 

thuthikka avaimisai yirukkum arasina 17 

thuLakkam uRusutar viLakkai yanaiyana 

suliththu veruvara viliththa viliyina 18 






thuthiththu valipata nataththal kuRaiyana 

sukiththu veLipata nakaiththu varuvana 19 

thuNiththa kariyutal thiNiththa mitaRitai 

thuvakki avasamo tuvikki nimirvana 20 

tholaiththa mutinirai parappi vayiravar 

sulatrri natamitu thuruththi ituvana 21 

thuNukkam uLaavar thuNukkam ilaiyena 

etuththa kalinetil patiththu varuvana 22 

ithaththa kayisikam iniththa payiravi 

eluppi eluvakai niruththam ituvana 29 

iRappum varumelu piRappum aRaini 

thiruththum enamayil viruththa molivana 30 

itaikka liyiloru seruththa Niyilini 

thirukkum aRumukan oruththan iLaiyavan 31 

iLaiththu nisisarar pathaiththu matiyavor 

imaippil amarporu kaLaththin alakaiyE. 32 

surarkku makapathi thanakkum iniyoru 

thuLakkam ilaiyena makilchi pukalvana 23 

thokukku thokuthoku thokukku thokuthoku 

thokukku thokuena natiththu varuvana 24 

ethirththu malaivana mutiththu veLimuka 

titiththu vilumiti itiththa kuralina 25 

irattai iLamathi uthiththa enaveLi 

Reyitrril nilavelum iruttu vativina 26 

iyakka muRupala rathaththin uruLaikaL 

iruththi aNitharu peruththa kulaiyina 27 

itakkai kutamula vutukkai thutipaRai 

etuththu mukilena mulakki varuvana 28 






8. serukkaLath thalakai vaguppu --- mUlam 

kuthiraith thiraLpat tapiNath thaiyetuth 

thuthirap punaliR kuLikku moruthiraL 1 

kuruthik katalaip perugap parugik 

kuNalaith thiRaniR kaLikku moruthiraL 2 

kotukot tipatath thutikot tinatath 

thatamit tuvaLaith thirukku moruthiraL 3 

kutaraip puyamit tutalais siRukak 

kulaiyit tathiras sirikku moruthiraL 4 

sathaiyais silakaik koLamaR Rathanais 

saruvis saruvip paRikku moruthiraL 5 

thaRukat siRukat tavaLak kavaLath 

tharaLath thiraLaik kuviththa tiyenural 6 

thalaiyuk kuLanaR RaruNak kiraNath 

tharaLath thiraLaik kuviththa tiyenural 7 

eriyit tEriyit turuvath thutanet 

tulaivaith thuNavais samaikku moruthiraL 10 

iruLseR Rathatith thinaiyoth thitukat 

kametuth theRiyath theRiththa thalaikaLai 11 

ithenak kathunak kathumaR Rathanuk 

kenamoyth thulavip poRukku moruthiraL 12 

atharath thuviraR patavaith thumikuth 

tharavath thotukok karikku moruthiraL 13 

amuthoth thaniNath thasaimuk kiyaRath 

thavasath thuyiliR kitakku moruthiraL 14 

atavip punamuR RakuRath thiruvuk 

kamaivuR RamaNip puyaththan aRumukan 15 

atanmik kathayith thiyarpat tuvilap 

poruthit taseruk kaLaththil alakaiyE. 16 

thanilit tathanaith thakukaith thalamuR 

Ritunet taimarup pulakkai muRaimuRai 8 

ethirit tathukuth thimutith thalaiyop 

paatup penavaith theluppu viRakinai 9 






9. pOrkkaLath thalakai vaguppu --- mUlam 

pakalira vinRiyor pukalthisai nanthiya paRpaa nuththakai 

patamuthal visumpu thUrththa tukku piNamalai 1 

pavuriva rumpari puranaral pangaya viththaa raththana 

payiravi pathangaL vaalththe tuththa pasiyana 2 

pariyako lunthasai payiravar enRupa likkaa niRpavar 

pakaritam aRinthu paaththi raththil ituvana 3 

paraviva runguRaL pasithaNiyumpati pattaar kaippatu 

parisaiyin mukanthu sUtti Raichi sorivana 4 

patukaLa menpathor seRuvil viLainthana paRkO vaippayil 

pavurivi saikondu theetti meththa atuvana 5 

pariyaNi thiNpaNai mutiyama tinthutal pappaa thiththuNi 

patavilu perungai maakka rukkal pakirvana 6 

pataivisa yanthEri salathiva lampuri patrraar pattuLa 

palapala vithangaL rppe tukkum uthatina 7 

pakatupi Lanthathan urivaipu nainthitu kuppaa yaththana 

pathaviya riNanjse yUttu tuththa vutaiyina 8 

ukamuti vanRinum veruvava rumpala uRpaa thaththana 

oLimathi vakirntha keetrre yitrru nilavina 9 

uruvam irundana thikirivi langalin utpaay kiRpana 

ulavini Namondu kUtta maiththu nukarvana 10 

uthathiyu Runjsuva vatavaine tunganal utkaa kapperu 

kuthirapi sithangaL pErththi Rakki yituvana 11 

urumumi tainthena athirkura linRamil oppE Rittuni 

rutharmavu likondu kOttai yittu malaivana 12 

ulakuku lungita ariyathu Nangaiyi naichaa thippana 

uvaNapa talangaL kaakkai sutrri varuvana 13 

ulaitharu menkuta ritaipata inthira nuthyaa naththalar 

ukirkotu punaintha sUttu mutrri malaivana 14 

uyaripa mungura kathakula mungana potrrEr varkkamum 

utaipatu kalangaL pORsu liththu viraipata 15 

olukuthi ranthanin mulukiye lunthana uchaa taththutan 

utaikatal athirnthu kUppi Lakku nataiyina 16 

sekathalam engaNum athiramu langiya tippaay vetrriya 

thiraLvarai pitungi naatti yottu kulaiyina 17 

sinamali venguRaL inamotu thindiRal maRpOr kaRpana 

thisaiyaLa vuninRu neetti vaikkum atiyina 18 






thisaikaLtho Rumpala kuRaikaL elunthuthu tiththaa tachiRai 

seRikalu karangil veetrri rukkum arasina 19 

thimirapi langili patavisai konduku thiththaa lippana 

sikarava takunRi nUtrri ratti netiyana 20 

siRiyana kiNkiNi yaNikuru vinsara Nathyaa naththina 

thisaipata akanda seerththi mechi yiraivana 21 

thimilaipe rumpaRai siRupaRai ninRathi rachE viththuyar 

sayamakaL viLangu vERka raththai molivana 22 

nimalaithri yampaki kavurithi kampari nirppaa vakkuNa 

nirumali yirangu thaaypri yaththan aRumakan 29 

nikaraka nangula sikaritho tumperu veRpaar uRpala 

niRaiyaruvi konjsa Ochi yaththil oLirsunai 30 

niyathiyin nankalar thaNikaie numpathi niRpaan muRpata 

netumakara sinthu theeppa Rakka vekuvitha 31 

niputathu rangaka saviratha sangrama nittU rakkolai 

nirutharai munintha pOrkka Laththil alakaiyE. 32 

thirikata thongita thirikata thingita thiththee sekkaNa 

sekakaNa molinthu kUththa naiththu navilvana 23 

silaimali thiNpuya asurarsi rangaL atuppaa vaiththavar 

seRikutar niNangaL kaaychi mikka ayilvana 24 

nikaril aRampuri kurugala panjsavar meyththU thukkoru 

nimitama thilanRu pOykka viththa maNimuti 25 

niruparpa yangoLa neRune Renumpati poRpeetaththitai 

nilaipeRa irunthu nUtrru varkkum avaraRi 26 

ninaivuRa vanpuRum orupathi neNkuNa akrO Nippatai 

nikilamu matinthu kUtrru vaRku niRaivuRa 27 

nilamakaL vanpoRai katiyumu kunthanmu thaRsEN muttavu 

neRipata nimirntha kkai yaRku marumakan 28 






10. thirua¡na vEla vaguppu --- mUlam 

satalai pattalai utal enappatu 

tharuma siththira kUta maanavai 1 

thavira nitkaLa veLiyil niRpana 

samaya tharkkavi rOtha vaathikaL 2 

thakara etrruva pukarma nakkiri 

thanaimu rukkuva, sai Nava 3 

thaLaii yaRkaiyai vitana tippana 

sanana mutrriya saatha maamelu 4 

katalka tappana, patuko laichamar 

katakam appati saaya mOthuva 5 

karuvi naiththarum iruvinaiththotar 

kalalpa thaththana, yOka saathakar 6 

kaLaipa Rippana, kiLaie nappatu 

kavalai sutrriya kaatu saatuva, 7 

aviya naRpoRai enuna thippira 

Layam iRaippana, lOpa mOkitham 10 

avaimu Rippana, mathamu luththaRi 

yatipa Rippana, raasa thaathiyin 11 

athiku Nathraya mathil itippana, 

aLavil thaththuva thULi veesuva; 12 

thitamu taichiRai mayil ukaiththelu 

sikari kuththiya vElai neeLsunai 13 

thinamum uRpala malarthi ruththaNi 

iRaithi ruppukal paatu naavalar 14 

thiraLpri yappata initha Lippana 

seyalo liththanu pUthi meemisai 15 

thikalum aRputha mavuna nirkkuNa 

sivama yaththiru a¡na vElamE. 16 

karuNai meyththava thiruva rutkana 

kavaLa mokkuva, kaama raasanai 8 

atalke tuppana, akila kaRpanai 

araN alippana, kOpa maanavai 9 






11. thirukkaiyil valakka vaguppu --- mUlam 

tharukkuva serukkaLam verukkoLa athirppana 

thatakkaram nimirththuyar utukkulam uthirppana, 1 

thatiththelu kulappuvi natukkuRa athirppana 

thalaichevi pataippana, thiratkayilai oppana, 2 

sathurththasa thalaththaiyum etuththaka tavutpaNi 

sakaSra paNapaththiyum otukkuRa natappana, 3 

samuthra mathanaththil amuthaththutan uthippana, 

tharaththana, thalaichura, nathippunal kuLippana; 4 

arukkar pathamutpata mithiththitu pathaththana; 

aRappatu kolaiththolil puRappatu mukaththana; 5 

arakkarpa taikettumu Riyapporu pathaththana; 

ayaRkum amararkkumo rupoRpathi yaLippana; 6 

aLiththava muthukkavaLa mokkuvana; muththeRi 

alaikkatal kalakkuva; kulakkiri kulukkuva; 7 

mathippiLa venacherugi vaiththena maNichathur 

maruppina; imaippaRa viliththa nayanaththana; 10 

vaLaiththa kiriyaip potipatuththi ipamettaiyu 

malaiththavaN atippata matappiti aNaippana; 11 

malaippuyal kilippana punaRpasi thaNippana; 

maNikkaNa kanappaNa mathathrayam vithirppana; 12 

thiruththiya punaththitai vanaththalai utuththini 

thiruppavaL viruppuRu varaippuyan vinaippakai 13 

sekuppavan ninaiththavai mutiththaruL krupaikkatal 

sivaththa kamalas saravaNath thaRumukapporuL 14 

sekathraya mukilththa utharath thiripuraikkoru 

thirupputhalvan uRpala kirippeyar thariththaruL 15 

thiruththaNi malaikkiRai thiruppukal patippavar 

siRappotu peRaththaru thirukkaiyil valakkamE. 16 

atiththelu poruppinai neruppela vilippana 

athikrama kamapravuta vikrama mathaththana; 8 

marukkulavu kaRpaka vanaththalar paRippana; 

vaLaiththelu tharukkaLai moLukkena muRippana; 9 






12. vEtichi kaavalan vaguppu --- mUlam 

utharakama laththinitai muthiyapuva nathrayamum 

ukamutivil vaikkumumai yaaLpetrra paalakanum 1 

umilthirai parappivaru vekumuka kulappalaiya 

uthakamakaL pakkalvaru sOthis sataananum 2 

uvakaiyotu kirththikaiyar aRuvarum etukkaavar 

oruvaroru varkkavaNor Orputhran navanum 3 

uthayaravi varkkanikar vanakiraNa virththavitham 

utaiyasatha pathranava peetaththu vaalpavanum 4 

uRaisarava NakkatavuL matuvilatar vajrathara 

nutaiyamatha veRpulaiya vEthiththa veeriyanum 5 

uRaipeRa vakuththaruNai nakarinoru paththanitum 

oLivaLar thiruppukalma thaaNikru paakaranum; 6 

urakakaNa siththakaNa karutakaNa yaxakaNam 

upanitam uraiththapati pUsikkum vaanavanum 7 

oruvanum makilchitharu kuruparanum uththamanum 

upayamuRum aknikara meethiRpra paakaranum 8 

athimathura sithrakavi nirupanum akaththiyanum 

atitholu thamilthrayavi nOthak kalaatharanum 9 

avaraipori yetpayaRu thuvaraiaval sarkkaraiyo 

tamuthuseyum viknapathi yaanais sakOtharanum 10 

avuNarpatai kettumuthu makarasala vattamutan 

apayamita viRpataiko taayaththa maanavanum 11 

aruNaiyil itaikkaliyil urakakiri yiRpuviyil 

alakiya seruththaNiyil vaalkaRpa kaataviyil 12 

aRivumaRi thaththuvamum aparimitha viththaikaLum 

aRiyena imaippoluthin vaalviththavEthiyanum 13 

aripirama rukkumuthal ariyapara maRkuyarum 

arumaRai mutippaiyupa thEsiththa thEsikanum 14 

amalanum enakkarasum athikuNanum nirkkuNanum 

akilapuva naththamara sEnaikku naayakanum 15 

anupavanum aRputhanum anukuNanum axaranum 

arumanam olikkumanu pUthis sukOthayanum 16 

ithamakitham vitturugi iravupaka latrraitam 

enathaRa irukkaipuri yOkap puraathananum 17 

enathumana siRparama sukamavuna katkamathai 

yamanmuti thuNikkavithi yaavaiththa pUpathiyum 18 






elumaiyum enaiththanathu kalalparavu paththanEna 

inithukavi yappatipra saathiththa paavalanum 19 

imaiyavar mutiththokaiyum vanasarar poruppumena 

thithayamu maNakkumiru paathas sarOruganum 20 

eluthariya kaRpatharu nilalilvaLar thaththaithalu 

viyakataka vajraathi paarap puyaasalanum 21 

ethirilpula varkkuthavu veLimukatu muttavaLar 

ivuLimuki yaipporutha raavuththa naanavanum 22 

vayirisai mulakkamiku malaithaval kuRichithoRum 

makilkuravai yuttiriyum vEtikkai vEtuvanum 29 

marakathama NippaNiyin aNithalai utuththulavum 

vanasarar kotichithanai yaasikkum yaasakanum 30 

mathananvitu putpasara patalamutal aththanaiyum 

mataleluthi niRkumathi mOkath thapOthananum 31 

varisilai malaikkuRavar paraviya punaththithaNin 

mayilena irukkumoru vEtichi kaavalanE. 32 

elupari rathaththiravi elunilamo takkarikaL 

itarpata mulakkiyelu sEvaR pathaakaiyanum 23 

iNaiyiliyum nirppayanum malamiliyum nishkaLanum 

iLaiyavanum viprakula yaakas sapaapathiyum 24 

mathukaiyotu sakrakiri muthukuneLi yappuviyai 

vaLaiyavarum vikramaka laapas sikaavalanum 25 

valiyanika Laththinotu maRukusiRai pattoliya 

vanajamuni yaichiRithu kOpiththa kaavalanum 26 

varusurar mathikkaoru kurukupeyar petrrakana 

vatasikari patturuva vElthotta sEvakanum 27 

varathanum anukrakanum nirutharkula nishturanum 

manupavana siththanuma nOthukka pEthananum 28 






13. sEvakan vaguppu --- mUlam 

irupiRai eyiRu nilavela utalam 

iruLpatu sorupam utaikkO vitavE 1 

iRukiya kayiRu patavinai mutuki 

emapatar pitari pitiththE kotupOy 2 

arumaRai muRaiyin muRai muRai karuthi 

atharitai veruva oRuththaal vakaiyaal 3 

aRivotu mathura moliyathu kulaRi 

alamaru poluthil alaiththaal varuvaay 4 

orupathu siramum irupathu karamum 

vilaoru pakali thotuththOn marugaa 5 

uramathu pEriya thiripuram eriya 

uyarkana kiriyai vaLaiththOr puthalvaa 6 

maruvaLar atavi vanithaiyar parava 

marakatha ithaNil iruppaaL kaNavaa 7 

vaLaikatal kathaRa nisisarar matiya 

malaiyotu porutha muluchE vakanE. 8 






14. vElvaangu vaguppu --- mUlam 

thitaviya nenjsutai atiyari tumpaike tumpati 

theeyaanguRai pOyaalnthathu 1 

seyaseya enRisai paraviya engaLko tungali 

thEsaanthara mEsaaynthathu 2 

seyalurai nanjsuRal mayaluRu nenjsinar vanjsakar 

theemaankathar thaamEnginar 3 

sikaratha rangitha makarane rungupe rungatal 

theemUnduthan vaaymaandathu 4 

thEriyalar senRatai thisaikaLil eNkari simpela 

maaRaangiri nURaanthoLai 5 

sikarane tungiri kukaikaLthi Ranthuthi kanthamum 

lOkaanthamu neerthEngina 6 

siRaiyuL alunthiya kuRaikaLo linthuse yangotu 

thEvEnthirar sENaandanar 7 

thiripuva nangaLum orupayam inRiva Langelu 

seerpUndaRa nErpUndana; 8 

vitavasa nanjsila paRaiyumvi rinjsanvi langathu 

kaalpUnduthan mEltheernthanan 9 

vikasitha sunthara vitharaNa aintharu venthelil 

veevaanpolil pUvaaynthathu 10 

vilaivutha rumpatha sasithanvi Langiya mangala 

nUlvaanguki laaLvaalnthanaL 11 

veruvi othungimai yavareva runjsiRai venRitha 

mElaampati yEmeendanar 12 

viliyori randoru pathusatha ninREri kandakan 

mElvaangiLai kaalsaaynthathu 13 

veLimulu thunthisai muluthumvi lungi elungana 

sUrmaandaRa vErmaaynthathu 14 

viputhar payangeta niruthar thaLangeta viNketu 

mEtaampati paatOngina 15 

mitaikuRaL vengoti kaluku parunthu virunthena 

Unaarnthakal vaanaarnthana; 16 

atavipa tunjsatai mavuliyil vempaNi yampaNi 

yaamaangathar vaamaanganai 17 

anupavai ampikai anuthithai ampaithri yampaki 

saamparai paasaangusai 18 






anakai asanjsalai athikuNa sunthari anthari 

kaalaanthaki mElaanthiru 19 

amalai alangruthai apinaya pangurai sangini 

maanaangaNi a¡naangurai 20 

aNimuka panthikaL siRupoRi sinthavi Lainthalal 

vaaykaanRitu naakaangathai 21 

apayava rampuri upayaka ranthikal anthaNi 

yaamaangaRi thaaymaaNpinaL 22 

maruthitai senRuyar sakatutha tinthatar vempuLai 

vaaykeendoru pEykaaynthavan 29 

mathasayi lampora varavitu nenjsinil vanjsaka 

maamaanpakai kOmaanRiru 30 

marugan nirampiya mathimuka manjsari kunjsari 

vaakaamparai thOykaangEyan 31 

makapathi thanpathi pakaikili yumpati anRatal 

vaaLOngiya vElvaangavE. 32 

athulaitha runthiru mathalaiyi pangoLpa yangotu 

paaymaaNkalai vaaymaaNpuna 23 

aNikuRa minpuNar thaNikaiyil anthaNan inthira 

raasaangama thaaraaynthavan; 24 

vatavaiyi tumpati maNimuti panjsela vinjsiya 

maataamputai naataandakai 25 

vasaikaru thunguru pathiyotu thampiya rumpata 

vEpaandavar thErUrnthavan 26 

vaLavilva Larnthitai makaLirku vinthutha tangutai 

vaarpUnthukil vaarpUmpUyal 27 

varainirai kanRina muluthuma yangiya paNkelu 

vEyEnthiya vaayaankalal 28 






15. puya vaguppu 

vasaithavirkakana sarasiva karaNa makaavrutha 

seela saala varamuni siththarai 

anjsal anjsal enRu vaalvith thuninRana 1 

maNivata malalai utaimaNi thapaniya naaNala 

kaaka naati vakaivakai kattuma 

rungu tanpo runthu ¡£thik kisainthana 2 

varuNitha kiraNa varuNitha vekutharu Naathapa 

sOthi yaatai vativupe Rappunai 

thiNse lungu Rangin mElvaith thasainthana 3 

vaLaikatal ulakai valamvaru pavuri vinOthaka 

laapa kOpa mayilvatha naththuvi 

Langum angu sanga taavis siRanthana 4 

varaipaka niruthar mutipaka makara makOthathi 

theeyin vaayin maRukavi thirththayil 

venRi thangu thunga vElaip punainthana 5 

mathiyena uthaya raviyena vaLaipatu thOlvi 

saala neela malipari saippatai 

kondu ninRu lanRu saathikka munthina 6 

manakuNa salana malinamil thU¢yaa theethasu 

kaanu pUthi mavunani raxara 

manthi rampo runthi maarpiR Rikalnthana 7 

vakaivakai kulumi mokumoku mokena anEkasa 

muka raaka mathupamvi lachiRu 

saNpa kanjse Rintha thaariR polinthana 8 

misaimisai kaRuvi veLimuka taLavu nisaasara 

sEnai thEti vithathipe Rachila 

kanga Nanga Ranga meethiR sulanRana 9 

veruvuva veruva erisori viliyuLa pUthapi 

saasu pOtha mikuthoni patrrimu 

langu vinjsu kandai vaasik kaikondana 10 

vithamiku paratha suravani thaiyarkaNa mElthoRum 

leelai yaaka vimalasa laththinai 

vindi Ranthu mondu veesip polinthana 11 

vitharaNa tharuvin malaritai serugiya kUthaLa 

neepa maalai viputharku lakkuli 

sanpa yantha sengai yaanaik kisainthana 12 

vikasitha thamara paripura muLari tholaa api 

raama vEtar vimalaithi naippuna 

mangai kongai kandu vELaip pukunthana 13 

vithirtharu samara muRikara kamala nakaayutha 

kOli veeRa vitharaNa sithraa 

langru thampu nainthu pUrith thilangina 14 






virakutai enathu manathutan akilpani neerpulu 

kOta Laavi mrugamatha kaRpura 

kungu manga lanthu pUsith thuthainthana 15 

vinaipuri pavani tholuthalu thurugiya kOthaiyar 

thUthu pOka vitumathu paxaNa 

vandi nanthi randu sUlap patinthana 16 

isaithanil iniya kayisikai kavuta varaaLitha 

naasi thEsi payiravi kuchari 

panjsu ranthe rinthu veeNaik kisainthana 17 

iRuthiyil uthaya ravikaNa nikarena Riru 

kaathu thOyum ilakuma Nikkana 

vimpa kunda langaL mEvip purandana 18 

ethirpatu netiya tharuatu pEriya kataamumil 

naaka mEkam itipata maRporu 

thiNsi lampa tanga mOthip pitungina 19 

elutharum alaku niRamali thiRalisai yaaka,u 

thaara theeram ena urai petrra,a 

tanga lunjsi Ranthu saalath thathumpina 20 

iruLporu kiraNa iraNiya vatakula paariya 

mEru saathi inamena oththula 

kangaL enga Numpra kaasiththu ninRana 21 

iyanmuni parava oruvisai aruvarai yUtathi 

paara kOra ivuLimu kaththavaL 

kongai konda sanda maarpaip piLanthana 22 

iparatha thuraka nisisarar ketaoru sUranai 

maarpu peeRi avanuthi rappunal 

senga Lanthu Langi tis sivanthana 23 

evaiyevai karuthil avaiyavai tharukotai yaalmaNi 

mEka raasi surapiya vatrrotu 

sanga kanjsa panjsa saalaththai venRana 24 

asaivaRa ninaiyum avarpavam akalave mElvaru 

kaala thUtharai yutaiyum appati 

angum ingum engum Otath thuranthana 25 

akilamum enathu seyalala thilaiyena yaanena 

veeRu kURi aRavumi kuththelum 

aimpu lanthi yangi veelath thimirnthana 26 

analelu thuvasam utukulam uthiravi yOmamum 

Elu paarum asalamum mikkapi 

langa Lungu lunga lith thathirnthana 27 

atalnetu niruthar thaLamathu matiya valaarithan 

vaanai La arasuko tuththapa 

yampu kuntha anda rUraip puranthana 28 






ataviyil viLavu thaLavalar thuLavu kuraamakil 

kOtal paatal aLimural sechaiya 

langal senga tampu nEsith thaNinthana 29 

ariyathor thamilko turimaiyo tatitholu thEkavi 

maalai yaaka atimaitho tuththitu 

punsol onRu ninthi yaamaR punainthana 30 

alakiya kumaran umaithiru mathalai pakeerathi 

maathar vaalum aRuvar priyappatu 

kanthan enthai yinthra neelas silampinan 31 

anupavan anakan ananiyan amalan amOkana 

nEkan Ekan apinavan niththiyan 

anjsa lenpra sanda vaakaip puyangaLE. 32 






16. siththu vaguppu 

atalpu naintha vElu mayilum enRum vaali 

ariya thonRu kURa arugi runthu kENmin 1 

aLavil palakaaya mOtaati yandar 

aRiya viLaiyaata varmuli onRil 2 

sai vERilai aRumuka vanthiru 

Nai mEruvai atithalai kandanam 3 

akila lOkamum ataivatai vEmuthal 

aruLi nOmathu sivanaRi yaathala 4 

amaiyum enumpati ninRa manOratham 

avaimulu thuntharu vampatha RaathukoL 5 

thiyu mutivumi laanan thantharum 

Riru karathala naathan thanthavai 6 

( pachilai mUlikaikaL, marunthu vakaikaL ). 

avuatham uLasila kiluki luppaikaL 

arasilai naRuvili kariya kakkari 7 

aththi sempi raakai mutkaavaLai 

thuththi sangam Ori thalththaamarai 8 

avuri katrraalai yotuvaiku Rinjsili 

siviRi kaththaari potuthalai saNpakam 9 

raikotu vEli vElkaanjsiram 

veeraiyiru vEli pEree nthilai 10 

amukkura verukkilai murukkithal seruppatai 

akaththi thamaraththai mathamaththamotu piththikai 11 

lam ththi katukkai kotikkalal 

kOli thEtkatai neykkotai vakkaNai 12 

akilpa rampai kaarai thutari thumpai sUrai 

alari sampu naaval maruthu sinthu vaaram 13 

aRuku thaluthaalai maapaalai punku 

purasu palupaakal pUlaa alinjsil 14 

yi laavirai iRali irumpili 

ti vaNi putamita enRalai 15 

avani paatala manala makee rugam 

ivaisa mUlamum elupathu saalatai 16 

athima thuranthaka ranjsiRu paalatai 

pathimuka venthaya minkaya mOthakam 17 

Ritai apiniri thaarang kanthakam 

nURitai thiripalai yOron ReNpalam 18 






athivita yamumoli kirumi sathruvum 

analmuRu kalumaRa muRuku thuththamum 19 

aRpam onRu keerai viththElitai 

yaththil onRu paathi thakkOlamum 20 

atavi kachOla nimiLai naRumpisin 

aritham vetpaalai arisi karungaNi 21 

malakam Elam naanmUnRitai 

sEmasi¡la kUta lOkaanjsanam 22 

arappoti katippakai vitaththira Namappira 

kasaththaisatha kuppivithai koththamali thippili 23 

li kOttam elippakai sachilai 

neeli kaaychu nilappanai kaRpisin 24 

matalsi vantha thaalai maNava sampu neelam 

varuku rumpai kOtal thurusu sampi raaNi 25 

marisi vasavaasi kaakeesa manjsaL 

makila vithaimEthai maamEthai kunRi 26 

vaari vaaynurai sayila salampuri 

pUri vaathumai saNavupe rungumil 27 

vatuvil seeraka palamayi rOsanai 

katuku rOkaNi sivathaima nOsilai 28 

vakaivakai kondoru mandala mOrotu 

kukaiyinil eNpathu sempinil URavai 29 

vaathanal valikaL anEkam pandaiyil 

vaakatam alakuru naathan thanthathu 30 

valipatum ariyara pirama rutpata 

molikiRa vakaiyithu siRithu petrrilar 31 

matrrum inthra saalam uchaatanam 

mutrru mingnga nEtha raththaalvilai 32 

mathalai yarkkeethu molivathu paNpala 

kathavi nitrraalai yitupayam onRilai 33 

vaaluluvai yOri kaaraampasu 

vaalinmayir keeri thEvaangalai 34 

mariththavar saniththakuli uppuRu salaththinai 

vatiththini thetuththoru kutaththinil niRaiththuvai 35 

maaRil thOththira viththai paliththitin 

maatai sErkka varuththam unakkilai 36 

rasavaathi kEtpana 

maNama thinRu naaLai enamo linthu kELu 

manaikaL engum Oti inivi rainthu thEtu 37 

vaLaiyal kulaipeeli kaalaali thandai 

maNiva yiraveetu mEleetu sempon 38 






vaaLi paataka maNipiRai sangili 

paaLai sUtaka mayilam ilampakam 39 

mavuli nUpura mayilthiru vaasikai 

savati thOLvaLai mukavaLai mElvaLai 40 

marakatha kundalam vendaya mEkalai 

arasilai kampi kuRunguNi saalakam 41 

vaaraNi yutaimaNi rang kingiNi 

vaakuva layaneLi peetang kandikai 42 

maNimaka rikaivaLai thikiri pattikai 

paNikaLil alakiya paNikaL kokkikaL 43 

vatta ampo nOlai muththaavaLi 

sutti santhu kaaRai kaik kaaRaikaL 44 

vataka muththOlai araivata munjseRi 

katakam viththaara makara netungulai 45 

maatharaNi thaali nUlkaanjsanam 

maalikai mathaaNi pee thaamparam 46 

mathippariya kaichari sarappaNi yilaichinai 

pathakkam ivaiyutpata aNippatalam ittuvai 47 

maatai paattipu thaiththa kutappaNa 

mOtu kUttiyu rukkavi rupputan 48 

itupra sangi yaamal ulai a nanthakOti 

eriyil venthi taatha karini rampa vENum 49 

ithupalaiya kavuri paaa¡Na vundai 

yitusakala vEthi pUnaaka sempin 50 

eeyam nathor irathamum eNpalam 

Elu kOtiyum iravu sivanthitum 51 

yamunai neerkotu kukaipathi naayiram 

iRuka vEsamai nilaaRai yUtuvai 52 

elupatho teNpathu vandiyi lEpathar 

itukotu vanthu sorinthu kuvaalitu 53 

yaamoli patarasa vaathan thanthana 

neesiva kuruvupa kaarang kandiru 54 

irathamo turugiya saruku piththaLai 

ivaiivai kukaithoRum itai naRukkivai 55 

etrra vanthi raathu poykkaaLala 

etti randu maaRu thappaathukoL 56 

elupa thakrONi putamuLa sengaLam 

raNamu kaththaanai pataiyotu vanthiru 57 

eelamveku kOti yaameenthita 

Elunilai maata neemEynthukoL 58 






ipaththiraL uriththana paruththana thuruththikaL 

ilakkaRa unakkaru katukkivai satakkena 59 

yaavum vaayppathu sathyam unakkivai 

Elu naattarum meththa viLaiththanam 60 

iRaivar kunRa maanai maNama kilntha naaLil 

iNaiyil anda rOtum uNavu konda thaakum 61 

emathu pasitheera maaraasa inthra 

amuthu pataipOtha kaasa kangai 62 

Ru pOlaney sorivata kampatai 

nURu saalotu poriyalai ingalai 63 

ituka maavatu vataiyitai keeraiyi 

lavaNam URiya kaRiyatai vEpatai 64 

irupathu thandai yutumpu kuvaalsamai 

thuruvaikaL panRi samainthE laamalai 65 

yaamaia viyalmuyal Nang kandaRi 

yOmithu sivasiva mEleng kumpatai 66 

itaiveLi yaRamiku vituka rukkalai 

yiRavakai kayalkeLi Rivaipo tiththana 67 

ettu vandi vaaLai yiRpeeliyil 

itta mundu theeyan muRpaatalai 68 

itaiko luppaatil iLaiyE lumputan 

ataisu raikkaayil atupatai munkaRi 69 

eeRupuLi vaarvi taaypOmpati 

Etu piriyaatha paalthEnsori 70 

irukkiRa sarukkarai varukkai kathalikkani 

rasaththinai yanaiththaiyum ilaikkuL ataiyappatai 71 

eeka paakkutan vetrrilai karppuram 

yaaru mEththa inichukam utrriru; 72 

murugan perumai .. siththarkaLuL prasiththi petrravar 

murugan thiruppukalaik katrravarE 73 

mitaitha rumpra vaaLa sataipe rumpra vaaka 

vimalar konRai maalai tharuNa santhra rEkai 74 

viravu maNanaaRu paathaara vintha 

vitharaNa vinOtha maathaavin mainthan 75 

meena kEthanan uruvin mikuntharuL 

thaana vaarithi saravaNa sampavan 76 

vikirthi vEthanan mavuna sukaathanan 

akila kaaraNan akila kalaatharan 77 

vikasitha sunthara santhana paaLitha 

mrugamatha kunguma kanjsapa yOthari 78 






vElumu mulaikaLum rum paimpunam 

mEvuRu kuRamakaL mEvun thiNpuyan 79 

virikatal thukaLela vekuLum vikraman 

arithiru marumakan aRumu kaththavan 80 

vetsi konda thOLan veRpUtuRa 

vitta venRi vElmu luchEvakan 81 

veruvu nakkeerar saraNena vantharuL 

muruga nishkrOtha munikuNa panjsaran 82 

mEthakupu raaNa vEthaanguran 

Othariya mOna a¡naanguran 83 

mikaiththavar purathrayam eriththavar priyappata 

akaththiya munikkoru thamilthrayam uraiththavan 84 

vEtha mUrththi thiruththaNi veRpuRai 

sOthi kaarththikai petrra viLakkoLi 85 

vekuLi venRa vELvi munivar sangam ERa 

viravum inthra lOka valithi Rantha meeLi 86 

mikaviruthu kURu mEvaarkaL kandan 

vikata asurEsar saamOthu sandan 87 

viputha thaarakan viputha thivaakaran 

viputha thEsikan viputha sikaamaNi 89 

viparitha kanjsa virinjsa paraamukan 

apinava kanthan atainthavar thaaparan 90 

mEruvai yitipata mOthunj sangrama 

thaarakan makuta vipaatan pungavan 91 

veyilumil kotiyotu vinaimu kaththinin 

mayilmisai varumoru varathan nirppayan 92 

viththakan suvaami nirppaavakan 

saththiyan prathaapa vithyaatharan 93 

viratha natpaaLar pariyum asanjsalan 

nirutha nittUran niruthar payangaran 94 

veeramatha lOka vEL kaangeyan 

sUraraNa sUra sUraanthakan 95 

vinaippakai aRuppavan ninaiththathu mutippavan 

manaththuyar ketuththenai vaLarththaruL krupaikkatal 96 

vElan vaayththa thiruppukal katrravar 

seelam Eththiya siththapra siththarE. 97 

mEka vaakana mikumatha veNkaya 

paaka saathana nakari puranthavan 88 






17. kataikkaNiyal vaguppu 

alaikatal vaLainthu tuththa elupuvi puranthi rukkum 

arasena nirantha rikka vaalalaam 1 

aLakaiara santha nakkum amararara santha nakkum 

arasena aRanjse luththi yaaLalaam 2 

ataipeRuva thenRu muththi yathimathura sentha milkkum 

aruLpeRa ninainthu siththi yaakalaam 3 

athiravarum enRu mutta alakilvinai sandai niRka 

atalethir purinthu vetrri yaakalaam 4 

ilakiya nalanjsey putpa kamumutal niRam veLuththa 

ipaara senumpo ruppum ERalaam 5 

iruvaravar ninRi taththum evarevar irunthi taththum 

oruvanivan enRu Narchi kUtalaam 6 

emapatar thotarntha laikkil avarutan ethirnthuL utka 

itiena mulangi vetrri pEsalaam 7 

muthalipEri yampa laththuL varaiyasala manda paththuL 

munivarthola anRu nirththam tinaan 10 

munaithoRu mulangi yotrri mukilena iranga vetrri 

muRaineRi paRanthu vitta kOliyaan 11 

muthiyavuNar anRupatta muthiyakutar nanRu sutrru 

muthukaluku panthar itta vElinaan 12 

malaimaruvu paimpu naththi vaLarumiru kunRa moththi 

valikuti pukunthi rukku maarpinaan 13 

malalaikaL viLampi moyththa aRuvarmulai yundu mutrrum 

vativutan vaLarnthi rukkum vaalvinaan 14 

malaiyiRai matanthai petrra orumathalai yenRu thiththu 

malaiyitiya vunthu Niththa thOLinaan 15 

mayilaiyum avanthi rukkai ayilaiyum avan kataikkaN 

iyalaiyu ninainthi rukka vaarumE. 16 

ivaiyoliya vumpa lippa thakalavitum ungaL viththai 

yinaiyini vitumpe ruththa paaruLeer; 8 

mulaiyitai kitanthi Laippa mokumokena vandi raippa 

mukaiyavil katampa tuththa thaarinaan 9 






18. sivalOka vaguppu 

urakamum ithaliyum uthakamum utupathi yumpunai 

yumpanj saatsarar pangin kotithaaLinil 1 

ulakamu malaikaLum uthathiyum uyiruma tangavo 

tungum paarppathi mainthan kamalaalayan 2 

upanita mutivinum itapama thanilumu yangiva 

yangunj seerppathi yonRen RavithaEna 3 

uRaivitu pataiyinan atalutai nisisarar thandamu 

tainthang kaarppela vangam porusEvakan 4 

varapathi surapathi saravaNa matuvinil vantharuL 

kanthan kaarththike yanseng kaluneermalar 5 

maluviya kuruparan vanasari pathayuka kanjsamva 

Nangum paakyaka thampan karuNaakaran 6 

vatatharu ilaiyilum vekumuka mavuli ananthane 

nunjsenj sEkkaiyi lungaN thuyilmaalthiru 7 

aNimaya menumoru sivikaiyo tathikuNa manjsinu 

manjson Raakkiya thenpong kariyaasanam 10 

aRaneRi muRaimaiyil olukiya alakiya paNpenum 

ampon sErththaka linganj sayasaaramum 11 

avanavaL athuena moliyavum ilathoru vanpiNi 

yungoN taakkamum inpang kaLumEtharum 12 

iravalar mitiketa uthaviya vitharaNa kangaNam 

ingang kaappil enunjsun tharakaakaLam 13 

enathaRu thuRavinum uyarkotai yaviratha sangula 

kengung kEttuva langum poRaimaamura 14 

simaiyavar kaNamuni kaNamutan inithupra panjsam 

Rainjsung keerththithu rangan thiRalvaaraNam 15 

iruvinai ketaoru niramaya paramavu nantharum 

inpan thEkkiya anpin sivalOkamE. 16 

marumakan imaiyavar valipatu maNiyaNi kingiNi 

paNkoN taarththisai konjsum pathasUtikai 8 

aruvuru oliyaO rapinava vativaru Lunthani 

yanthan theexaiye nunguN talapUaNam 9 






19. mayil vaguppu 

thavanum ampuliyum maasuRavi lungiyumil 

lamaru vumpaNiyi randum aluthE 1 

Rumukan ainthumukan naimukan engatavu 

Laamenamo linthakala venRu vitumE 2 

rkalika tainthamuthu vaanavara runthaaruL 

thipaka vanthuyila nanthan maNisEr 3 

yiram irunthalaika Laayviripa Nanguruthi 

yaakamulu thungulaiya vantha RaiyumE 4 

vEthamulu thumpukal iraaman oru thampimisai 

veetaNan arunthamaiyan mainthan ikalaay 5 

veesumara vanjsithaRi yOtavaru vengalulan 

mEliti enumpatimu langi vilumE 6 

mEthinisu manthaperu maasuNama yanganaka 

mEvusara Nangotula kengu mulume 7 

pUsanaipu rinthukoti yaakimakil onRuthukir 

pOlmutivi Langavarum anjsam atumE 10 

pUtharotu kantharuvar naatharotu kimpurutar 

pUraNaka NangaLotu vanthu tholavE 11 

pOrituva venRuveku vaaraNaka NangaLuyir 

pOyinam enumpatie thirnthu vilumE 12 

kOthakalum ainthumalar vaaLimatha nanporuvil 

kOlavuta langarugi venthu vilavE 13 

kOpamotu kandavili naathar aNi yumpaNikaL 

kUtimanam anjsivaLai senRu pukavE 14 

kUviyira vanthamuNar vaaliyena ninRuporu 

kOliyotu venRimuRai yumpa karumE 15 

kOlamuRu senthilnakar mEvukuma ransaraNa 

kOkanatham anpotuva Nangu mayilE. 16 

vEliyena endisaiyil vaalumura kanthaLara 

vEalale nunjsinamu tanpa tarumE 8 

pOthinil irunthakalai maathinaima Nanthavuyar 

pOthanai yiranthumalar kondu muRaiyE 9 






20. kolu vaguppu 

arumaRai yavanmuthal ariaran makapathi 

anangan imaiyOr inangaL orupaal 1 

aruNanu mathiyamum analElu kanaliyum 

aNangi notusUl kaNangaL orupaal 2 

varuNanum niruthiyum valiyotu thanathanum 

makilnthu mikavE pulntha thorupaal 3 

vayirava rotupatar uvaNarum urakarum 

varangaL peRavE iranga orupaal 4 

irutikaL evarkaLum iniyaki nararkaLum 

iNangi ethirE vaNanga orupaal 5 

ipamuka vanumelil iLavalkaL anaivarum 

iyanRa neRiyE muyanRa thorupaal 6 

urumali kuRaLina motuvasu musumukan 

uRainthu parivaay niRaintha thorupaal 7 

utuvotu natavupa niruvaru muRaimuRai 

ukanthu tholavE mikuntha thorupaal 8 

atalvitai mukanaRai kathaiyuRa vekusanam 

athungi arugE othunga orupaal 9 

ayanmuti thirugiya vayavanu niyamamo 

tatangi valamE thotanga orupaal 10 

matalpunai pukarotu varupathi noruvarum 

marungin uRavE nerunga orupaal 11 

maruvotu thuvariru varumisai valamotu 

vasinthu manamE kasintha thorupaal 12 

mitaliRai viRalari vimalarkaL aruLsuthan 

viyanthu viraivaay nayantha thorupaal 13 

veyilviri sutaravan makanotu mathimakan 

viLampu muRaiyE kiLampa orupaal 14 

utaloLi mavunikaL utanupa nitatharum 

uLang kuLiravE viLanga orupaal 15 

umaithiru makaLnila makaLkalai makaLotum 

ukanthe varumE thokuntha thorupaal 16 

athipaki rathipayi ravipaka vathisasi 

yarampai yarumE nirampa orupaal 17 

alakiya kavuriyo tilakiya valavaiyum 

atainthu thayavaay mitaintha thorupaal 18 






mathiyara saruniRai vasiyarum vinaiarum 

malinthu mukamE polintha thorupaal 19 

varusivan atiyavar arakara enamuRai 

valangu katalpOl mulanga orupaal 20 

vithimuRai karuthiyai vakaipuri karuvikaL 

viLaintha olivaan alaintha thorupaal 21 

vithamutan apinaya vanithaiyar sathimuRai 

virintha natamE purintha thorupaal 22 

uthirtharu malarvirai yuRupukai mrugamatham 

umilntha maNamE kamalntha thorupaal 23 

olukiya kirithotu paNithama thatusutar 

uvantha oLiyE nivantha thorupaal 24 

ariyaka tenamuka taLaviya orukutai 

amarntha nilalE samaintha thorupaal 25 

arumata anamena iruputai kavarikaL 

asaintha alakE yisaintha thorupaal 26 

varisaisey thuyalotu vanamayil siviRiyin 

vayangu siRukaal iyanga orupaal 27 

maRukata linilelu niRaimathi amuthena 

varinthu panineer sorintha thorupaal 28 

viriyiruL valitharu kiraNama thenanala 

mikunjsu lalilvee sukunjsa morupaal 29 

viyanmara kathamaNi miLirtharu kaLasethir 

virainthu niraiyaay niraintha thorupaal 30 

uriyave Lilaiyutan uyariya kamukinil 

ukuntha kaniyE pakuntha thorupaal 31 

ulakuLa vanithaiyar avaravar virathamo 

tuNarnthu kaniyE koNarntha thorupaal 32 

( murugavELin thirukkOla varNaNai ). 

kEsaathi paatham 

aRukathi ravarena aRumaNi mavulikaL 

atarnthu veyilE patarntha thorupaal 1 

aRumathi enaaRu thirumuka sathathaLa 

alarntha malarE malarntha thorupaal 2 

maRuvaRu katalena maruvupa niruvili 

valintha aruLE polintha thorupaal 3 

vanaitharu makaramu maNiyaNi paNikaLum 

vayangu kulaiyE thayanga orupaal 4 

iRukupon malaiyotum itaRupa nirupuyam 

isainthu netuvaan asaintha thorupaal 5 






eliliyai anaiyapa nirugaiyil ayilmuthal 

ilangu pataiyE thulanga orupaal 6 

uRuvarai yaruviyai nikartharum uramisai 

yutankoL purinUl kitantha thorupaal 7 

thinakaran ulavusa nithiyinil iravalar 

theLintha thamilE polintha thorupaal 15 

sivapara kiriyinil orusivan vativotu 

thiruntha murukOn iruntha koluvE. 16 

urumena ikalimun ethirporum avuNaruL 

utaintha utaivaaL siRantha thorupaal 8 

anavara thamumaRai muRaiyitu paripuram 

alangum iruthaaL kulunga orupaal 9 

thEviyar 

aLavaRu kalaviyin mulukiya kuRamakaL 

amarnthuL oyilaay nimirntha thorupaal 10 

vanatharu viniluRai sathamakan aruLmakaL 

vathinthu maNamE pothintha thorupaal 11 

adiyaarkaL 

varumati yavaritam valiyasa nathamvara 

vaLarntha sapaiyE kiLarntha thorupaal 12 

ninaivotu paNipavar vinaithukaL patEthir 

ninainthu thirunee RaNintha thorupaal 13 

niRaimala rotunala kalavaiyum uyarkuru 

ninainthu tharavE punaintha thorupaal 14 






21. veeravaaL vaguppu 

pUvuLO nukkumuyar thEvarkO nukkumelu 

pUvilyaa varkkumvaru thunputheerth thitumE 1 

pUthasE naikkuL oru kOtisUr yappirapai 

pOlamaa yakkariya kangulneek kitumE 2 

pUthipU sipparamar thOlaimEl ittathoru 

pOrvaipOl nettuRaima rungusErth thitumE 3 

pOrilE nirththamitu veeramaa laxmimakil 

pUsainE siththumalar thumpaisaath thitumE 4 

paavru pakkotiya sUranaar petrrapala 

paalarmaa LaththasaikaL unduthEk kitumE 5 

paanukO pappakaian mEnisO rakkuruthi 

paayavE vettiyiru thundamaak kitamE 6 

paatusEr yuththakaLa meethilE sutrrunari 

paaRupEy thuyththitani NangLut titumE 7 

yaarumE atrravanen meethor paththuRava 

raamalE sutrrilumi runthukaath thitumE 10 

talvEL naRpataikaL Naiyaa vukkumuthal 

Naiyaa vaiththuvalam vanthupOR RitumE 11 

lakaa laththainikar kaalasU laththaiyuma 

Raathapaa saththaiyuma rinthupOt titumE 12 

mEvalaar muppuramum neeRavE suttaoru 

mEruvaam viRparamar thanthapaak kiyavaan 13 

vEtarmaa nukkumuyar thEvayaa naikkumisai 

vElarthaa Laiththoluthu yarnthavaalk kaiyinaan 14 

veeRusEr mikkakaNa naathanaar ettuvakai 

veerarnE yaththamaiyan enRathOt tuNaivOn 15 

mEnmaiyaam laxaratha veerarpU sikkavaru 

veeravaa kuththalaivan venRavaat pataiyE. 16 

paati tipporutha pOrilE paththiraka 

paalisU lappataiyai venRuthaak kitumE 8 

valaa kaththuthisey paavalOr meykkalika 

LaamakO rakkaLaika Lainthuneek kitumE 9 






22. sivakiri vaguppu 

meththa meththa akra maththin 

meththa meththa vikra maththin 

meththa meththa ukra vetrri mikupaasamE 1 

aththa nukku maikki thaththa 

puthra siththi muththi yaiche 

yaRpu thachi vakki rikkuL murugEsanE. 8 

vittu vittu Rukku Rukku 

kattu kattu kuththu kuththu 

vettu vette nachi naththu namanaatiyE 2 

saththa mitta thatti nette 

yitrri naikka tiththu Rukku 

tharkka mitte naippi tikka varupOthilE 3 

thaththa Likku puththi yaiththi 

tappa tuththi yoththi taththa 

Nippu Ruththi meyththu Naikku varavENumE 4 

eththa laththu meppa thikkum 

eppa tikkum echa riththu 

naRpa thaththai yucha rikkum ninaivaakiyE 5 

ittam vaiththa varkka nukra 

kacha muthra viththai yiRpra 

siththa nithya muththa milkkum aruLpOthanE 6 

athra pathra sithra mitta 

yiRpa taiththa yiRki Naiththa 

larkka Nutrra poRku Raththi maNavaaLanE 7 






23. thiruchenthil vaguppu 

santha pantha munthu vinthai senjso linpra pantha nanthu 

sanga manga lampo runthu thamilpaatiyE 1 

thanjsa menRu senRu senRu nanjsu vinjsu nenjsa vanjsar 

thangaN munpu ninRu ninRu melivO thiyE 2 

sinthai nonthu nonthu nainthu nainthu vempi vempi yangi 

sinthi yintha vengu tampai alipOthumaa 3 

singa munpu kuntha thanthi yinku langa langu paNpo 

sintha thunpa menRo linthu karaiyERuvEn 4 

antha rangaL andar andam manda langu lunga ninRa 

saintha sainthu panthe lumpa asuraathiyOr 5 

anga tangaL thunda thunda kanda panthi kandai vantha 

lainthu rundu mandai sintha atarkOpanE 6 

kantha santha nungu kumpa kongai yinthi ranma tanthai 

kanga Nampu rantha venRi aNinEyanE 7 

kampu manjsa munthi kalnthi runthi tunthi Ranjse Rinthu. 






24. thiruppalani vaguppu 

enthavinai yumpavamum enthavita mumpatarum 

enthaika lumpaliyum enthavalu vumpiNiyum 

enthaikal vungotiya enthavasi yunjsiRithum aNukaamalE 1 

sinthiyaa rampaipala vinkaniyil vanthuvila 

menkaniyu tainthasuLai vindanaRai kondusiRu 

seNpakava nangaLvaLar thenpalani yampathiyin murugEsanE. 8 

enthaira vunthanimai enthavali yumpukutha 

enthaita munjsapaiyil enthamuka mumpukalum 

enthamoli yunthamilum enthavisai yumperumai sithaRaamalE 2 

vanthanaisey thunsaraNa namputhalpu rinthaaruL 

vanthanuthi nanthanilum nenjsilninai vinpativa 

rantharau vantharuLi thampeRuva thanRinetu valaiveesiyE 3 

vanjsavili sandanuRu kinRapolu thungumara 

kanthEna nankaRaiya vuntheLivu thanthuyirva 

runthupaya munthanimai yunthavira anjsalena varavENumE 4 

thanthanana thanthanana tindikuti tindikuti 

kundamata kundamata mandamena ninRumura 

santhimilai pampaithuti thindimamu langumoli thisaiveeRavE 5 

thandaamar mandasurar mandainiNa menRalakai 

yundumilthal kandamarar inthiranva Nangupatha 

thandaisiRu kingiNipa lampitava rumpavani mayilvaakanaa 6 

senthaLirai munthupatam enRuLama runduniRai 

santhanava nangulavu manthikuthi kondayalse 

Rinthakamu kinputaipa thungitava Lainthunimir matalsaatavE 7 






25. thirupparangiri vaguppu 

saathiyungulam vathunguti vathunjsanam vathungiLai 

thaaramunthira paalarumpira thaanamumperu kaaNmaiyumpeRu 

thaanamumpaku maanamunjsiva a¡namumpala kOlamumpuri tholilOtume 

1 

maathiranthisai yaakavanthika taasalanthirai maasalampuvi 

maakamandaka taakamumponin mEruvinthalai yEkulungu¢ta 

vaasamonRiya kaalporunthukaL vaannirampita vEvarungathir 

vativElanE 7 

thaalvakanRitu vaalvumvempiNi nOyumangathi laathuranthani 

laavathunthaLar saavolinthitu yOkamunjsiva pERum enthani 

thaanamunjseytha raasukandathu pOlvarumpothu vaakumenRuna 

thiruthaaLaiyE 2 

Othinenjsaya raarthinanthiri kaalamuntholu vOrvirumpiya 

thEthum anputa nEtharungrupai yaakavanthanu pUthithanthumu 

nUlkatanthita vEpurantharuL kUrumingitha sEvainampiya patikaaNavE 3 

vaanarangathir thaavuthandalai mEvukondalai yUtuninRalai 

maainangaLi kUrUnaNpotu kOkananjseRi vaavisinthiya 

paalarunthiya pErsiRanthiru mUvarvinjsaiyar sUlparangiri 

murugEsanE. 8 

Thiruchitrambalam 

Okaivanthanai yaayvaNangiya Elaisinthaiyu LEninainthitu 

vELaivanthini thaayvaranthara vENumenRaka mEvarunthiyum 

Othinanthinam naanviLamputhal neeaRinthum ithEnirangilai yaRivEnaiyaa 

4 

thiyanthama naathivinthuvu naathamumpiri yaaniRainthava 

rupainpaso rUpasunthara sOthiminpoli neethiyamporu 

LaakaninRapa raaparankaru Naalayanpula vOriRainjsita ethirkaaLivaa 5 

thaatalinseka sEkiNangiNa sEkutandama taatamandama 

thaakiNangiNa thOthiNangina thaathiminthimi thOenunthoni 

yaarsilampoli thaaLaminjsita vEnatampuri paathanamparan aruLpaalanE 6 






Thiru Vaguppu References: 

• http://www.kaumaram.org 

• http://www.projectmadurai.org 

• Karthikeyan, N.V. Kanthar Anubhuti (God-Experience) of Saint Arunagirinaathar. 

2 nd ed. India: Divine Life Society, 1990.

THIRU VAGUPPU - Skandagurunatha.org

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?