ADB Toolkit: Unpacking the ADB — Khasi Version - Bank ...

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2 Ka ADB: Ka Lad ban kham sngewthuh ïa ka Asian Development Bank 1 Ka Lamkhmat shaphang ka kot lyngkdop halor ka ADB Balei ngi dei bad tip shaphang ka ADB? Ka Jingdonkam jong kane ka lyngkdop (Purpose of the Toolkits) Ka Lyngkdop jong kane ka kot halor ka ADB ka long ban ïarap ïa kito ki bym pat ju ïohsngew ne tip shaphang ka Asian Development Bank ban sngewthuh shaphang kane ka Bank, ki kam kiba ka trei, bad balei ka long ka ba kongsan na ka bynta ki kynhun seng bhalang (civil society group) ban tip ïa ki jingtreikam jong ka. Kane ka kot ka ai ïa ka lamkhmat shaphang ka ADB, ka kynthup ïa ki jingtip halor ki tnat ba pher bapher jong ka ADB, ki jaid jingïarap kiba ka ai sha ki sorkar jong ri kiba dang kiew bad kylla (developing and transitional country) ha ki thaiñ jong ka Asia bad Pacific, ki jaid projek bad prokram kiba ka bei tyngka, bad ka jingïarap kaba ka ai sha ki seng shimet (private sector companies) kiba trei ha kane ka thaiñ. Na kabynta kito kiba khmih bniah (monitoring) lane kwah ban kham tip halor ki kam jong ka ADB ha ka ri jong ki, kane ka kot ka kot ka batai ïa kiei ki lad kiba lah ban ïoh halor ka ADB bad lam lynti ruh kumno ban ïoh bad pyndonkam ïa kine ki jingtip (information) Kane ka kot lyngkdop ka long ruh ka lad na ka bynta kito nongtreikam kiba khmih bniah ïa ki kam jong ka ADB. Kame ka kot ka kynthup ïa ki jingtip kiban ïarap ïa ki nongtreikam kumno ban syllok bad ïasaid/pynbor (lobbying) bad ka bank, lyngba ka jingphiah ïa ka aiñ rukom treikam jong ka ADB, lam lynti kumno ban pyndonkam ïa ka rukom jingkitkhlieh ba thymmai (accountability mechanism) ha ka ADB, bad ki lad ban ïasaid/pynbor (lobbying) ïa ki Board of Directors bad nong pynïaid (Management) jong ka ADB. Khatduh, ki jingthoh kiba don ha kane ka kot lah ban rah ban pyndonkam ha ki workshop 1 lane ha ki kitab kiba lah ban pyndonkam ha kaba ai jinghikai (training) halor ka ADB sha kito ki ba dang shu tip shaphang ka ADB. Kine ki jinghikai lah ban pynïaid kat kum ka jingsngew bit bad donkam jong kano kano ka shnong/ paid nongshong shnong kiba pyrshah ïa ka kam kaba ka ADB ka bei tygka, lane lah ruh ban pyndonkam ha kata ka dur na ka bynta ka jingïalang jong baroh ki nongtreikam ha ka ri bad ha ka thaiñ (regional). Ïa kane ka kot lah ruh ban pyndonkam da ki nongtrei kam ba rim bad thymmai kum ka jingkdew halor ka ADB. Balei ngi dei ban Shim khia ia ka ADB (Why should we be concerned about the ADB)? Ki Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs 2 ) ki dei ki lad bei tyngka ha ki kam pynroi bah eh tam ha ka pyrthei, ka ju ai ram hapdeng US$30-$40 billion ha ka shisnem sha ki ri kiba duk bad duna ha ka ioh ka kot. Ka ADB ka ai loan da ki billion US dollar 3 sha ki dkhot jong ki ri kiba dang kiew (Developing Member Countries- DMCs). Lyngba kane ka jingai ram, ka Bank ka don bun ki bor pyntreikam ha kaba iadei bad ki jingthmu jong ka ha ki kam pynroi ki DMC. Ha ki katto katne ki khep ka ADB ka lah ruh ban kham khlain bor ban ia ki nongmihkhmat jong ka ri ha kaban mang tyngka ia ka lut ka sep (budget) bad ka jingpyntreikam ia ka. Ka ba bun na ki jingbei tyngka kaba ka ai, ki dei ha ki rukom jong ki ‘loan’. Ki DMC bad kumjuh ruh, ki trai shnong, namarkata wat lada ki projek ki dei kiba seisoh ne duhnong, dei ban siew biang ka pisa sha ka ADB. Ki ju don ruh ki por ba ki projek ki long ki bym seisoh bad ki nongshong shnong hi hap ban ia kynduh ia bun ki jingeh kiba mih na ki. Ha kum kine ki por, ki traishnong ki hap ban kitkhia ia ki ram bad jingsiew kiba mih na kine ki projek. Ki MDB ki long ruh ki lad ba nyngkong eh ban ioh jingnang jingstad halor ki ain bad ki kam pynroi pynsan. Lem bad bun ki jingbei tyngka bad ryngkat ruh ki ain jingbthah, ki MDB ki long kiba kongsan bha ha ka ban shim rai ia ki rukom pyntreikam ki ain pynroi ha ka ri. ( Nalor kane… thep tyngka.) Kum ban ai nuksa, ki ain jong ki kiba iadei bad ka mariang bad ka imlang sahlang ki lah long ki kyrdan jingthew (standard) ba kongsan ha kaba kiwei pat ki seng ha baroh kawei ka pyrthei, ki ju bud dien. Bun na ki seng ai ram ha khaii pateng (Export Credit Agencies), ki bank (commercial banks) bad ki private company ki ju bud dien ia ki kyrdan jingthew jong ka MDB kum ki jong la jong (kane ka long ruh ban iada ialade na kano kano ka jing shah pharep ha ki seng pyrthei). Namar kata ka daw, ia ki kam pynroi ba iaineh (sustainable development) kumba lah buh ha ki MDB, la ju pyntrei ruh ha kiwei kiwei ki seng pynroi bad bei tyngka.
Ka ADB: Ka Lad ban kham sngewthuh ïa ka Asian Development Bank 3 Na ka bynta ka thain Asia-Pacific, ka ADB ka long ka b alai ha ki jingai jingiarap (hadien ka sorkar Japan bad ka World Bank) haba ki ram kiba ka ai sha ki DMC ki poi kumba $5 haduh $6 billion ha ka shisnem. Ka ADB kum ba ka long mynta ka kham ialeh ban pynkhlain bei tyngka sha ki kam jong ki seng/riew shimet (private sector) ban kyrshan ia ki prokram jingpynkylla (structural adjustment) kumba lah buh da ka IMF, bad ban pyntreikam ia ki ain khaii pyrthei (global trade rules). Ka long ruh kaei kaei kaba sngewphylla ban tip ba kine ki mat ba la pyntreikam da kane ka seng ki long kiba dang don jingduna ha ka rukom pyniaid ia ki, ha ka liang ki ain jingiada kiba i troin, bad ki loan sha ki sorkar khlem ka jingpyntip ia ki nongshong shnong. Ka ADB ka dang lah ban leh kumne namar ka trei ha ka rukom ba jar jar bad lyndet, khnang ban ym khring kano kano ka jing ud ne ujor na ki paitbah. Wat lada ki sengpyrthei khihlang kiba khmih bniah ia kine ki sengpyrthei bei tyngka (international financial institutions) ki lah ban pynseisoh ha da kaba pynbor ia ki MDB- khamtam ia ka World Bank- ban kham pynbun ia ka bor synshar sha ki paitbah bad ban pyntrei ia ki ain treikam ka ban iada ia ka mariang bad ban iarap ia ki kam pynroi kiban neh (sustainable development), ka ADB kam shym pat da long ka kongsan ha ka rukom pyntreikam ia kane, ha ki mat treikam jong ka. Ka long kaba donkam eh ba ki seng bhalang ha Asia (Asian civil society) kin thew bad peitbha ia ka ADB. Ha ka jingpynkhlain bor ialade da kaba pyniaid ha kata ka rukom, lyngba ka Regional Cooperation Strategies 4 , ba kan iohnam kum ka nongiarap ha ki jingiasyllok jong ki thain (regional cooperation), ka ADB ka la nang oh dur ia ki kam pynroi jong ki ri synshar khadar paitbah (democracy), sorkar komunist, bad ki ri ba la pyniaid da ki shipai ha ki thain. Ka ADB ka buhrieh ia ki jingkthah halor ka mariang bad ka imlang sahlang da kaba kdew ia ki jingmyntoi ki bal ah ban ioh na ki loan jong ka. Ka jingairam jong ka, ka long kaba kham kongsan ha kaba iadei bad ka jingiasngewthuh jong ki MDBs ban pyntreikam ia ki projek kiba bun jingma (risk)/ heh buskit (reward) ha ki por kiba dang wan. Ki seng bhalang (Civil Society Organisations- CSO) kiba snoh kti ha ki kam (campaign) ban iakhih bad ban pynkylla ia ki rukom treikam ka ADB, ki kham khuslai ia: ● Ka jingiashimbynta jong ki paitbah (Public participation) ha ki rukom pyrkhat bad jingshna (design), ki rukom pyntreikam (implementation), ki rukom khmih bad thew bniah (monitoring and evaluation) ia ki projek jong ka ADB. ● Ka jingkthah jong ki prokram bad ki projek jong ka ADB ia ka imlang sahlang bad ka mariang (the social and environmental impacts), ka jingbahkhlieh/ jingmynjur (accountability/willingness) jong ka Bank ia kine ki jingkhtah, bad kumjuh ruh ban wad ia ki lad ki lynti ban pynsangeh noh ia ki. ● Ka jingdonkam ban leh jarjar (secrecy) ia ki rukom pyniaid pyntreikam bad ki jingshimrai jong ka ADB. Ka Jingduna ha ka jingbympyni hok ki rukom treikam bad ka jingiashim bynta ban seisoh (Lack of Transparency and Meaningful Participation) Ka jingkthah ba sniew jong ki projek ka ju long na ka daw ba ia ki kam pynroi la ju pyntreikam khlem ka jingpynkhreh kaba biang bad/lane ka jingpyntreikam ka long ka bym da biang bha. Ki kam jong ka ADB barabor, la ju pyniaid khlem ka jingpyntip bad khlem ka jingiashim bynta lang jong kito ki briew kiba shah kthah ha kine ki projek, ki sengbhalang ruh bad teng teng, haduh ki briew sorkar jong ka ri kaba shimram. Bunsien ki sorkar lane ki seng shimet (companies) kiba iakren bad phylliew bad ka ADB ha ka ban shim ia kano kano ka rai, kim ju kynthup ia ki trai shnong bad ki riew shnong, wat lada dei kine ki nongshong shnong ki ban shah kthah jur ha ki projek. Ka rai jingpyntreikam ha ki kam pynroi dei ban kynthup ia ki kynhun bad nong ioh bynta (stakeholder) na baroh ki liang namar ki ri ki dei ban kitkhlieh ha kaban siew biang ia ka tyngka kaba ki shim ram; khatduh khatwai, man la ki projek thymmai ba lah kohnguh, ki nang pynkiew ia ka jingshah ram jong kine ki ri bad ki nongshong shnong. Ka ADB ka kynthup ia 63 tylli ki sorkar ri, bad ia ki rukom treikam jong ka la bei tyngka da ka pisa siewkhajna jong ki traishnong jong kine ki ri. Ka jingshisha ba kane ka dei ka seng bei tyngka da ki paitbah (publicly-funded institution) ka pyni ba ia ki rukom pyntreikam bad ki jingrai jong ka Bank, dei ban pyllait paitbah bad ai jubab sha ki paid nongshong shnong jong kine ki ri khnang ban kham seisoh ha ki rukom treikam jong ka. Ka dei ban mih khmat na ka
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Table of Contents ● Ka Jingsngews
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ADB Toolkit: Unpacking the ADB — Khasi Version - Bank ...

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