rbmbrfcj!
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sapasuxod xSirad xelovnurad mcirdeboda qonebis gadasaxadi. sazogadoebrivi aRSfoTeba ki ar cxreboda. yofili administraciis erT-erTi wevris azriT, swored am SemTxvevam gamoiwvia yofili meris damarcxeba arCevnebSi. asea Tu ise, qonebis fasis manipulaciis gziT gadasaxadebis dafarvam sagadasaxado SemosavlebSi daaxloebiT asprocentiani deficiti gamoiwvia. nebarTvebi da licenziebi erTiani reestris sistema sruliad moiSala. erTerTi pasuxismgebeli piris memorandumSi (Tebervali, 1996) moyvanilia mizezebis „TiTqmis dausrulebeli“ sia, romelic sakuTari jibis gasqelebaze mzrunveli moxeleebis cvlasTan erTad Camoyalibda. „amJamad es rutinaa, yovelTvis da YyoveldRe adamianebi ixdian 40 dolars „dokumentebis gadaxedvis“ proceduris daCqarebisaTvis“. arqiteqtorebis mier samSeneblo gegmebis Sefasebis sistema oTxi wlis Semdeg, rogorc iqna, dainerga. arqtiteqtorebi, savaraudod, TavisTvis gadadebdnen nebarTvis oficialuri gadasaxadis garkveul nawils, magram rogorc Cans, mainc amowmebdnen miTiTebuli kvardraturis siswores (gadasaxadic sworad iyo dawesebuli). rodesac arqiteqturis kolejs Seaxsenes Tavdapirveli xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebuleba – is unda yofiliyo samSeneblo gegmebis kanonierebisa da xarisxis garanti _ administraciam ganacxada, rom ar surs, rom korufciam municipalitetidan kolejis kedlebSi gadmoinacvlos (Tumca kuTvnil anazRaurebaze uari mainc ar uTqvams). momarageba yvelgan adgili hqonda garigebebs. mankieri wris gareT myofi firmebi, romelTa SeTavazebebSi dabali fasebi iyo miTiTebuli, verasodes imarjvebdnen konkursSi. SeTavazebebi ganixileboda bundovani standartebis safuZvelze. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, qrTamis gadaxda saWiro iyo rogorc kontraqtis mopovebis, ise Sesrulebuli samuSaos anazRaurebis etapebze. personalis xelfasebi SedarebiT maRali iyo, magram anazRaureba da dawinaureba ar ukavSirdeboda muSaobis xarisxs. politikuri daniSvnebi imdenad xSiri iyo, rom yofilma administraciam mmarTvel da teqnikur rgolSi TanamSromelTa 40 procenti Secvala, maSin rodesac Tavad administraciaSi iqamde TanamSromelTa 70 procenti Seicvala. TanaSemweebs eubnebodnen, rom xelfass ar moumatebdnen, Tu meris partiaSi ar gawevriandebodnen. ratom ar gamoiwvia aman masobrivi protesti? saqme imaSia, rom adamianebma imedi dakarges, dawinaurebisa da karieruli zrdis Sansebi ubralod ar arsebobda. rogorc erTma TanaSemwem aRniSna „oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi verafers vambobdiT, fiqrsac ki gvikontrolebdnen. sakmarisi iyo xma amogveRo, samsaxurs davkargavdiT. Tumca, Cumad mainc vsaubrobdiT amaze.“ auditisa da gamoZiebis Sida sistemebi gare zewolasa da arakompetenturobas emsxverplnen. finansuri marTvis integrirebul sistemaze momuSave eqspertebma erTxmad aRniSnes, rom yvela angariSi da Canaweri gamousadegari aRmoCnda. sxvaTa Soris, finansuri marTvis sistemac oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi vera da ver dainerga. erT-erTi mizezi Tavad gegmis dausrulebloba iyo,
Tumca, programis menejeris TqmiT, mTavari Semaferxebeli faqtori iyo „municipalitetis TanamSromlebis winaaRmdegoba – ama Tu im mizeziT maT ar surdaT finansuri marTvis sistemaSi monawileoba“. agreTve, saxeze iyo centralizebuli korufcia. yofilma merma Seqmna uwyeba, romelsac ewodeboda dagegmvis, koordinaciisa da kontrolis ofisi. am uwyebis axali direqtori aRniSnavs „am ofisma yvela gadawyvetilebis centralizacia moaxdina. saboloo jamSi, yvela nebarTva, yvela licenzia Tu kontraqti maT mier unda damtkicebuliyo. Cven am uwyebas „dagegmvisa da qrTamis Segrovebis ofisi vuwodeT“. garkveuli TavlsazrisiT, 1985 welTan SedarebiT, situacia gaumjobesda. im dros wamowyebulma reformebma mogvianebiT gamoiRes Sedegi. qalaqis ekonomikis zogierTi sferos regulaciebis Secvlam am regulaciebis ganxorcielebis saqmeSi korufciis Semcireba gamoiwvia. qalaqis mmarTvelobis rolis SezRudvam sxva mxrivac moitana dadebiTi Sedegebi. magaliTad, qalaqis mmarTveloba aRar mogvagonebda “did samSeneblo kompanias”, Tumca misi aRWurviloba erTiorad gaizarda ucxuri dafinansebis Sedegad. samwuxarod, sazogadoebrivi samuSaoebis dagegmvisa da monitoringis sistema moiSala da kvlav noyier niadagad gadaiqca korufciisaTvis. 1996 wlis TebervalSi Catarebuli sociologiuri gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad, mosaxleobis 50 procenti daeTanxma winadadebas, rom korufciis mxriv mdgomareoba gauaresda. 43- ma procentma CaTvala, rom mdgomareoba ar Secvlila, xolo 7 procentma aRniSna, rom “ar icis” (gamokiTxva Seexeboda mTavrobis yvela dones, ara mxolod adgilobrivs). respondentTa 74 procentis azriT, boliviis politikosebi naklebad gulaxdilebi arian, vidre laTinuri amerikis sxva qveynebis politikosebi. kiTxvaze, ra warmodgens politikosTa ZiriTad motivacias “sajaro samsaxuri”, “ekonomikuri ambicia” Tu “Zalauflebis ambicia”, gamokiTxul mamakacTa 84-ma procentma da gamokiTxul qalTa 52-ma procentma upasuxa – “ekonomikuri ambicia”. Sejerebuli SerCevis mxolod 9 procentma CaTvala, rom motivacias “sajaro samsaxuri”qmnis. 1 gasakviri ar aris, rom marTvis xarvezebsa da korufcias Tan axlda finansuri mdgomareobis gauareseba la pazSi. 1990 weli maklin-abaroas merobis bolo sruli weliwadi iyo. (boliviis kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, mas unda daetovebina Tanamdeboba 1991 wlis SuaSi, raTa wlis bolosaTvis xelaxla gamxdariyo merobis kandidati). 1990 wlidan 1995-mde xarjis deficiti SemosavalTan mimarTebaSi (kapitaluri xarjebisa da ucxouri daxmarebis CauTvlelad) 1.2. milioni dolaridan (mimdinare Semosavlis 4 %) 40.7 milion dolaramde gaizarda (mimdinare Semosavlis 87 %). amave periodSi investiciebi gaizarda 10,4 milioni dolaridan 14,6 milion dolaramde, maSin rodesac mimdinare xarjebi gacilebiT ufro swrafad gaizarda 8,5 milioni dolaridan 32.0 milion dolaramde (1995). ra moxda? da ra SeiZleba gakeTdes am problemebis mosagvareblad?
- Page 33 and 34: CanarTi 4: korufciis prevencia: pol
- Page 35 and 36: qvemoT gTavazobT ramdenime damatebi
- Page 37 and 38: CanarTi 5 honkongSi gamoyenebuli po
- Page 39 and 40: 2. SezRudeT agentebis moqmedebis Ta
- Page 41 and 42: CanarTi 6: politikis analizis CarCo
- Page 43 and 44: korumpirebuli sistemebis pirveladi
- Page 45 and 46: CanarTi 7 monawileobiTi diagnostire
- Page 47 and 48: gaumjobeseba, damoukideblobis xaris
- Page 49 and 50: CanarTi 8 gare konsultantebis mowve
- Page 51 and 52: CanarTi 10 teqnikuri kvlevis magali
- Page 53 and 54: CanarTi 12 bangaloris angariSi muni
- Page 55 and 56: naklebad prioritetulad iqna miCneul
- Page 57 and 58: daekisros piradi pasuxismgebloba. i
- Page 59 and 60: 1. aRmkveTi RonisZiebebi samarTlebr
- Page 61 and 62: pirveli problema saxelmwifo antikor
- Page 63 and 64: pirveli - davuSvaT, rom centraluri
- Page 65 and 66: me gavacnobiere, rom mkafiod unda d
- Page 67 and 68: CanarTi 14 ramodenime axali kanoni
- Page 69 and 70: TfdwbmfU!tjtufnfcj!! korufcia, Tavi
- Page 71 and 72: CanarTi 15 moqalaqeTa saxelmZRvanel
- Page 73 and 74: Tanxebis moculobas. agreTve mxedvel
- Page 75 and 76: CanarTi 16 praqtikuli rCevebi stimu
- Page 77 and 78: ar aqvs mniSvneloba kerZoa uwyeba,
- Page 79 and 80: uwyebebSi reformebis gatarebisaTvis
- Page 81 and 82: Sedegmac ar daayovna. sami wlis gan
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- Page 87 and 88: pirvel rigSi aucileblad unda iTqvas
- Page 89 and 90: dainteresebulni Sesrulebis xarisxis
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- Page 95 and 96: SeuZliaT am samuSaos Sesruleba. meo
- Page 97 and 98: konkretuli etapebis ganxilvamde kor
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- Page 101 and 102: ujra d2 kontraqtorebis SerCevisas g
- Page 103 and 104: ybmj!ufoefodjfcj!npnbsbhfcjt!tgfspT
- Page 105 and 106: mTavrobis yvela doneze momaragebis
- Page 107 and 108: ZiriTadi argumenti a.S.S.-Si, kompi
- Page 109 and 110: SesaZlebloba qmnis mSvenier legalur
- Page 111 and 112: mTavrobis moTxovnis elastiuroba ars
- Page 113 and 114: 13. ix. Accountability and Transpar
- Page 115 and 116: danergvaSi. zogjer, rodesac samuSao
- Page 117 and 118: 20. Kelman, Procurement and Public
- Page 119 and 120: kultura laTinuri amerika la pazi ko
- Page 121 and 122: wupsfcj! spcfsu! lmjuhbsej-! fordis
- Page 123: aTeulobiT wlis manZilze msoflios sx
Tumca, programis menejeris TqmiT, mTavari Semaferxebeli faqtori iyo<br />
„municipalitetis TanamSromlebis winaaRmdegoba – ama Tu im mizeziT maT ar<br />
surdaT finansuri marTvis sistemaSi monawileoba“.<br />
agreTve, saxeze iyo centralizebuli korufcia. yofilma merma Seqmna uwyeba,<br />
romelsac ewodeboda dagegmvis, koordinaciisa da kontrolis ofisi. am<br />
uwyebis axali direqtori aRniSnavs „am ofisma yvela gadawyvetilebis<br />
centralizacia moaxdina. saboloo jamSi, yvela nebarTva, yvela licenzia Tu<br />
kontraqti maT mier unda damtkicebuliyo. Cven am uwyebas „dagegmvisa da<br />
qrTamis Segrovebis ofisi vuwodeT“.<br />
garkveuli TavlsazrisiT, 1985 welTan SedarebiT, situacia gaumjobesda. im<br />
dros wamowyebulma reformebma mogvianebiT gamoiRes Sedegi. qalaqis<br />
ekonomikis zogierTi sferos regulaciebis Secvlam am regulaciebis<br />
ganxorcielebis saqmeSi korufciis Semcireba gamoiwvia. qalaqis mmarTvelobis<br />
rolis SezRudvam sxva mxrivac moitana dadebiTi Sedegebi. magaliTad, qalaqis<br />
mmarTveloba aRar mogvagonebda “did samSeneblo kompanias”, Tumca misi<br />
aRWurviloba erTiorad gaizarda ucxuri dafinansebis Sedegad. samwuxarod,<br />
sazogadoebrivi samuSaoebis dagegmvisa da monitoringis sistema moiSala da<br />
kvlav noyier niadagad gadaiqca korufciisaTvis.<br />
1996 wlis TebervalSi Catarebuli sociologiuri gamokiTxvis Tanaxmad,<br />
mosaxleobis 50 procenti daeTanxma winadadebas, rom korufciis mxriv<br />
mdgomareoba gauaresda. 43- ma procentma CaTvala, rom mdgomareoba ar<br />
Secvlila, xolo 7 procentma aRniSna, rom “ar icis” (gamokiTxva Seexeboda<br />
mTavrobis yvela dones, ara mxolod adgilobrivs). respondentTa 74<br />
procentis azriT, boliviis politikosebi naklebad gulaxdilebi arian, vidre<br />
laTinuri amerikis sxva qveynebis politikosebi. kiTxvaze, ra warmodgens<br />
politikosTa ZiriTad motivacias “sajaro samsaxuri”, “ekonomikuri ambicia”<br />
Tu “Zalauflebis ambicia”, gamokiTxul mamakacTa 84-ma procentma da<br />
gamokiTxul qalTa 52-ma procentma upasuxa – “ekonomikuri ambicia”.<br />
Sejerebuli SerCevis mxolod 9 procentma CaTvala, rom motivacias “sajaro<br />
samsaxuri”qmnis. 1<br />
gasakviri ar aris, rom marTvis xarvezebsa da korufcias Tan axlda finansuri<br />
mdgomareobis gauareseba la pazSi. 1990 weli maklin-abaroas merobis bolo<br />
sruli weliwadi iyo. (boliviis kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, mas unda<br />
daetovebina Tanamdeboba 1991 wlis SuaSi, raTa wlis bolosaTvis xelaxla<br />
gamxdariyo merobis kandidati). 1990 wlidan 1995-mde xarjis deficiti<br />
SemosavalTan mimarTebaSi (kapitaluri xarjebisa da ucxouri daxmarebis<br />
CauTvlelad) 1.2. milioni dolaridan (mimdinare Semosavlis 4 %) 40.7 milion<br />
dolaramde gaizarda (mimdinare Semosavlis 87 %). amave periodSi investiciebi<br />
gaizarda 10,4 milioni dolaridan 14,6 milion dolaramde, maSin rodesac<br />
mimdinare xarjebi gacilebiT ufro swrafad gaizarda 8,5 milioni dolaridan<br />
32.0 milion dolaramde (1995).<br />
ra moxda? da ra SeiZleba gakeTdes am problemebis mosagvareblad?
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