daviT guramiSvili
daviT guramiSvili daviT guramiSvili
damaxasiaTebelia, rom pirquSi asketuri msoflgagebis mcdaroba `gandegilSi~ danaxulia swored xalxis TvaliT da es ilias Semoqmedebis saerTo kanonzomierebas Seesabameba. `mgzavris werilebSi~ ubralo adamiani ambobs mwerlis sanukvar saTqmels; `glaxis naambobSi~ da `oTaraanT qvrivSi~ xalxia zneobrivi idealis Semnaxveli; moTxrobaSi `sarCobelazed~ gulubryvilo glexis TvalTaxedviTaa aRqmuli da Sefasebuli sikvdiliT dasjis simaxinje... ilias mier asketizmisTvis dapirispirebuli sicocxlismoyvare msoflmxedveloba, romelsac amqveyniuri sinamdvilis arsad RvTiuri sikeTe da mSveniereba esaxeba, axlosaa `vefxistyaosnis~ gammsWvalav msoflgagebasTan _ boroteba ararsia, amqveyniuri samyaros arsi aris sikeTe da mSveniereba, romelic RvTaebrivia Tavisi warmomavlobiT da bunebiT; amdenad adamianebis amqveyniuri moTxovnilebebi da swrafvebi arsebiTad RvTaebrivia da maTi ganxorcieleba amqveynadvea SesaZlebeli. rusTavelis poemaSi da optimistur, amqveyniuri silamazis moyvare da damfasebel nacionalur msoflaRqmaSi poulobs ilia WavWavaZe asketizmis damZlev pozitiur mrwamss. yvelaferi is, rac `gandegilSi~ asketizmis daZlevaze iTqva, unda Seivsos aucilebeli ganmartebiT: ilias poemaSi marcxs ganicdis ara bermonazvnuri ideali saerTod, aramed asketizmis ukiduresi forma, romelic gulisxmobs amqveyniuri realobis absoluturad uaryofiT Sefasebas da, aqedan gamomdinare, misgan srul ganapirebas, yovelgvar adamianur urTierToba- Tagan garidebas. amitom aris, rom nawarmoebis dasawyisSi da finalSi mTavar gmirTan Sepirispirebulia berebis krebuli, romelsac gandegilisgan ganasxvavebs SemoqmedebiTi, aRmSeneblobiTi mizanswrafva _ igi miudgomel adgilas RvTis taZars amkvidrebs. es aris moyvasis qristianul siyvarulze dafuZnebuli Zmoba, romlis arsebobis SesaZleblobasac gandegilis unugeSo Tvalsazrisi gamoricxavs _ mis mier wuTisoflis 74
mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is aris, rom `cili, zakva Zulebada hxdis wminda siyvaruls moyvasisasa~. gasagebia, rom is, berebis Zmobis wevrTagan gansxvavebiT, `sul martod-marto dayudebula~... asketizmis ukiduresi forma ilias mxatvruli interesis sagnad iqca misi zogadi msoflmxedvelobrivi aspeqtebis gamo, romlebic Sordeba garkveuli kulturul-istoriuli movlenis sazRvrebs. es aris pesimizmi da ukiduresi individualizmi. `gandegilis~ analizisas, Cveulebriv, pesimizmi _ ukiduresi individualizmis wanamZRvari _ yuradRebis gareSe rCeba xolme da Zneldeba imis damajereblad warmoCena, rogor marcxdeba poemaSi gandegiloba, farTo gagebiT radikaluri individualizmi _ pesimizmis Sedegi. ilias mxatvruli azrovneba ki logikurad Tanmimdevrulia da nawarmoebSi uwinares yovlisa swored pesimisturi msoflgagebis rRvevaa warmoCenili, rac pesimizmis Tanmxleb radikalur individualizmsac aclis safuZvels. Tavisi azrTawyobiT da mizandasaxulobiT `gandegili~ bunebrivad da Rrmad aris dakavSirebuli qarTveli xalxis erovnul-kulturul amocanebTan, romlebic XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi gamoikveTa: erovnuli aRorZinebis cda nayofieri SeiZleba mxolod maSin iyos, Tu igi emyareba pozitiur msoflmxedvelobas, pozitiur Tvalsazriss samyaros da adamianis Sesaxeb; xolo Tu samyaro absoluturi borotebaa, Cixia, am cdasac yovelgvari azri ekargeba; pesimizmi da ukiduresi individualizmi, cxadia, qveynis ukeTes da TviTmyofad momavals ver Seqmnis, saamisod aucilebelia optimisturi msoflmxedveloba, rwmena, rom samyaros, adamianis yofnas aqvs naTeli sazrisi, keTili arsi; aucilebelia optimisturi mrwamsiT nasazrdoebi socialuri aqtivoba. am aucileblobis karnaxiT aris dawerili ilias `gandegili~. 1987 75
- Page 23 and 24: * * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
- Page 25 and 26: literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
- Page 27 and 28: `SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
- Page 29 and 30: as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
- Page 31 and 32: magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
- Page 33 and 34: aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
- Page 35 and 36: Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
- Page 37 and 38: sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
- Page 39 and 40: politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
- Page 41 and 42: uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
- Page 43 and 44: ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
- Page 45 and 46: uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
- Page 47 and 48: veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
- Page 49 and 50: Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
- Page 51 and 52: wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
- Page 53 and 54: grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
- Page 55 and 56: dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
- Page 57 and 58: naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
- Page 59 and 60: zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
- Page 61 and 62: dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
- Page 63 and 64: adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
- Page 65 and 66: feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
- Page 67 and 68: jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
- Page 69 and 70: aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
- Page 71 and 72: gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
- Page 73: moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
- Page 77 and 78: sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
- Page 79 and 80: vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
- Page 81 and 82: joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
- Page 83 and 84: misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
- Page 85 and 86: li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
- Page 87 and 88: aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
- Page 89 and 90: vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
- Page 91 and 92: sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
- Page 93 and 94: wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
- Page 95 and 96: Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
- Page 97 and 98: ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
- Page 99 and 100: as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
- Page 101 and 102: `gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
- Page 103 and 104: hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
- Page 105 and 106: om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
- Page 107 and 108: sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
- Page 109 and 110: nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
- Page 111 and 112: las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
- Page 113 and 114: daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
- Page 115 and 116: amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
- Page 117 and 118: faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
- Page 119 and 120: moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
- Page 121 and 122: ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
- Page 123 and 124: sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is aris, rom `cili,<br />
zakva Zulebada hxdis wminda siyvaruls moyvasisasa~.<br />
gasagebia, rom is, berebis Zmobis wevrTagan gansxvavebiT,<br />
`sul martod-marto dayudebula~...<br />
asketizmis ukiduresi forma ilias mxatvruli interesis<br />
sagnad iqca misi zogadi msoflmxedvelobrivi<br />
aspeqtebis gamo, romlebic Sordeba garkveuli kulturul-istoriuli<br />
movlenis sazRvrebs. es aris pesimizmi<br />
da ukiduresi individualizmi.<br />
`gandegilis~ analizisas, Cveulebriv, pesimizmi _<br />
ukiduresi individualizmis wanamZRvari _ yuradRebis<br />
gareSe rCeba xolme da Zneldeba imis damajereblad<br />
warmoCena, rogor marcxdeba poemaSi gandegiloba,<br />
farTo gagebiT radikaluri individualizmi _ pesimizmis<br />
Sedegi. ilias mxatvruli azrovneba ki logikurad<br />
Tanmimdevrulia da nawarmoebSi uwinares yovlisa<br />
swored pesimisturi msoflgagebis rRvevaa warmoCenili,<br />
rac pesimizmis Tanmxleb radikalur individualizmsac<br />
aclis safuZvels.<br />
Tavisi azrTawyobiT da mizandasaxulobiT `gandegili~<br />
bunebrivad da Rrmad aris dakavSirebuli qarTveli<br />
xalxis erovnul-kulturul amocanebTan, romlebic<br />
XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi gamoikveTa: erovnuli<br />
aRorZinebis cda nayofieri SeiZleba mxolod maSin<br />
iyos, Tu igi emyareba pozitiur msoflmxedvelobas,<br />
pozitiur Tvalsazriss samyaros da adamianis Sesaxeb;<br />
xolo Tu samyaro absoluturi borotebaa, Cixia, am<br />
cdasac yovelgvari azri ekargeba; pesimizmi da ukiduresi<br />
individualizmi, cxadia, qveynis ukeTes da<br />
TviTmyofad momavals ver Seqmnis, saamisod aucilebelia<br />
optimisturi msoflmxedveloba, rwmena, rom<br />
samyaros, adamianis yofnas aqvs naTeli sazrisi, keTili<br />
arsi; aucilebelia optimisturi mrwamsiT nasazrdoebi<br />
socialuri aqtivoba.<br />
am aucileblobis karnaxiT aris dawerili ilias<br />
`gandegili~.<br />
1987<br />
75
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