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saqarTvelos xsovna, romelic imdroindeli msoflios erT-erT dawinaurebul saxelmwifos warmoadgenda. misi ganviTareba tragikulad rom ar CaxSobiliyo, SeiZleba did qveynebTan gatolebis Cvens Jins niadagi mar- Tlac aRmoCenoda. amitom dagvrCa gamouyenebeli, ararealizebuli potenciis tkiviliani SegrZneba, romelsac aqarvebda iluzia, rom òqros xanis~ saqarTvelo erTi xelis gawvdenazea. axla gvixdeba imis aRiareba, rom mas Zalian varT daSorebuli da es mwarea. dacemis siRrme im simaRliT ganizomeba, romelzec pretenzias vacxadebdiT. wamxdari raindi trivialur naZiralaze uaresad gamoiyureba, radgan misi waxdenis sazomi rainduli kodeqsia. `qarTuli idea~, romlis gamoukveTelobazec nikolo miwiSvili saubrobs, yovel SemTxvevaSi, misi erTerT mTavari waxnagi, albaT, adamianTa Rrma, fundamenturi axloblobis da naTesaobis rwmenaa. am intuitur grZnobas da misgan aRmocenebul naTlad gaazrebul ideals, gansakuTrebuli STagonebiT gamoTqmuls rus- Tavelis da vaJa-fSavelas poetur enaze, qarTul cnobierebaSi da yofaSi warmmarTveli mniSvneloba ekisreba: kultis rangSia ayvanili adamianuri urTier- Tobebis, Tanacxovrebis Tbili simWidrove, adamianebis axlobluri keTilmosurneoba erTmaneTisadmi, urTierTdaxmareba da urTierTgatana... qarTveli adamianis- Tvis tradiciulad Seudarebeli faseuloba da mimzidveloba aqvs arsebobis aseT wess, axloblobis eToss. maSinac ki, roca misi namdvili Sinaarsi aorTqlebulia da igi iluzorul-farisevlur xasiaTs iZens, axloblobis eTosi mainc ZalaSia _ TviT farisevluri moCvenebiTobac misi maiZulebeli zemoqmedebis gamovlenaa. rogorc amboben, Cveni nakli Cvenive Rirsebebis gagrZelebaa. da, SesaZloa, paradoqsuli qarTuli orsaxovneba iqidanac warmodgebodes, rom axloblobis suli, atmosfero badebs adamianTa Tanabrobis mwvave moTxovnilebas da biZgs aZlevs metoqeobis Jins, es ki saTaved edeba yvelanairi saSualebiT TviTdamkvidrebisken swrafvas, egoistur individualizms. 332
xolo igi Tumca privatul arsebobasac amRvrevs, gacilebiT ufro Seukavebelia socialur da saxelmwifoebriv yofaSi, radgan swored aq mimdinareobs egoistur ltolvaTa gansakuTrebuli ZaliT aRmZvreli procesi _ Zalauflebis, pativis, simdidris ganawileba. ganyenebulad Tu vimsjelebT, TviTdamkvidrebisken swrafva, individualizmi dasavleTTan unda gvaaxloebdes. magram dasavluri individualizmi erwymis racionalizms, romelic zRudavs TviTnebobas da egoistur instinqtebs, awesrigebs socialur yofierebas, aadvilebs kanonis morCilebas, radgan kanoni swored racios warmonaqmnia, obieqtivirebuli gonebaa. Cveni individualizmi ki gadajaWvulia aRmosavlurad Warb mgrZnobelobasTan; Cvens TviTnebobas goniereba da, Sesabamisad, kanonmorCileba ar lagmavs, igi arc vnebebis duRils acxrobs. Tavis droze qarTul msoflgagebaSic daisaxa individualizmis da racionalizmis mTlianoba, magram misi sinamdvileSi damkvidreba veRar moxerxda. `vefxistyaosani~ individuumis piradi bednierebis principTan erTad gonebis, racionaluri da mizanmimarTuli qmedebis upiratesobas afuZnebs ukontrolo vnebaTRelvis da afeqtebis moZalebis mimarT, romelic arsebiTi sasicocxlo miznebis miRwevas SeuZlebels xdis da pasiurobiT da fatalizmiT sruldeba; anu am wignSi dasavleTi Zlevs aRmosavleTs. realobaSi Semdgom piriqiT moxda... gvinda gamovexmauroT `fiqrebTan~ dakavSirebiT givi maRularias mier gamoTqmul azrs eris kulturuli aRzrdis aucileblobis Sesaxeb. kulturis da ganaTlebis tvirTia qarTuli cnobierebis ganaxleba da Tanamedrove samyarosTan misadageba. kulturam unda SeaZlebinos ers, iseve rogorc pirovnebas, sakuTari arsebis floba da daxvewa, misi pozitiuri mxareebis gaZliereba da uaryofiTi Zalebis metnaklebad damor- Cileba, sublimireba. kultura gakeTilSobilebuli, gafaqizebuli bunebaa da es eris Sinagan bunebasac exeba. 4 1994 333
Page 1 and 2:
SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis
Page 3 and 4:
Tamaz vasaZe literatura WeSmaritebi
Page 5 and 6:
daviT guramiSvili sar Cevi Suagulis
Page 7 and 8:
geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
Page 9 and 10:
daviT guramiSvili Suagulis gadanacv
Page 11 and 12:
mTeli Sinagani sisavsiT (sakuTari y
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mis ukeTesi moyvare sad vpovo, sada
Page 15 and 16:
sis saboloo gamokveTis da gamyarebi
Page 17 and 18:
`Wmunvidnen, arad SeswevdaT codvis
Page 19 and 20:
Tavgadasavlebis gamoyeneba vaJkacur
Page 21 and 22:
araTaSvili ise xveulad agebs leqss,
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* * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
Page 25 and 26:
literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
Page 27 and 28:
`SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
Page 29 and 30:
as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
Page 31 and 32:
magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
Page 33 and 34:
aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
Page 35 and 36:
Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
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sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
Page 39 and 40:
politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
Page 41 and 42:
uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
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ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
Page 45 and 46:
uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
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veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
Page 49 and 50:
Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
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wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
Page 53 and 54:
grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
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dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
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naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
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zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
Page 61 and 62:
dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
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adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
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feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
Page 67 and 68:
jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
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aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
Page 71 and 72:
gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
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moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
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mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is
Page 77 and 78:
sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
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vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
Page 81 and 82:
joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
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misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
Page 85 and 86:
li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
Page 87 and 88:
aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
Page 89 and 90:
vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
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sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
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wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
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Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
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ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
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as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
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`gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
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hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
Page 105 and 106:
om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
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sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
Page 109 and 110:
nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
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las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
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daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
Page 115 and 116:
amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
Page 117 and 118:
faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
Page 119 and 120:
moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
Page 121 and 122:
ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
Page 123 and 124:
sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
Page 125 and 126:
vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
Page 127 and 128:
pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
Page 129 and 130:
eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
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el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
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kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
Page 135 and 136:
li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
Page 137 and 138:
lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
Page 139 and 140:
angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
Page 141 and 142:
lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
Page 143 and 144:
Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
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ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
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moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
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axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
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TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
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seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
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gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
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iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
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mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
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`sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
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Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
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uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
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misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
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sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
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da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
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aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
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zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
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Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
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àvtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
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yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
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arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
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iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
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Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
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ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
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am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
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mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
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novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
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erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
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SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
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megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
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cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
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Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
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laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
Page 211 and 212:
Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
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geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
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grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
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os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
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antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
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omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
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galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
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ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
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miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
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iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
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musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
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dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
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giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
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matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
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ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
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valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
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`zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
Page 245 and 246:
wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
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SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
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araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
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lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
Page 253 and 254:
wmenis tragikomedia originaluri per
Page 255 and 256:
ebulia, rom òbligaciebis RmerTma~
Page 257 and 258:
Ralavi Semswavlelia, romelic simarT
Page 259 and 260:
`winanadelma religiurma dResaswaule
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moTxrobaSi `nadiroba~ erT-erTi pers
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mSvidi, uRrublo atmosferoa, igi TiT
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lis sikvdilis Setyobisas Tqva: `me
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aris, aRarc tanjvaa. tanjva? am sit
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vidoda da xelisguls aulokavda, cecx
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da da romlis gamosworebac mas ar Se
Page 273 and 274:
* * * or poluss Soris aris ganfenil
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guram rCeuliSvilis piesaSi Zlierad
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cefciiT, uwinaresad yuradRebis cent
Page 279 and 280:
oTar WilaZe sivrcis ori saxe oTar W
Page 281 and 282: Tu aq òTxkedelSi moqceuli farTobis
Page 283 and 284: esik xaranauli azris silaRe poetis
Page 285 and 286: ironias ukavSirdeba besik xaranauli
Page 287 and 288: omelic moTminebiT asrulebs `Sav sam
Page 289 and 290: jibri, mewvrilmaneoba fuTfuTebs _ m
Page 291 and 292: literatura WeSmaritebis Ziebaa droi
Page 293 and 294: exeba aluda qeTelauris saxes. dakan
Page 295 and 296: stadiebi ama Tu im drois raoba gans
Page 297 and 298: ise ucnobnic gamoCndebian, nel-nela
Page 299 and 300: niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi saSua
Page 301 and 302: tanjvaa simbolizebuli basil meliqiS
Page 303 and 304: om baRSi radioTi gadmocemul musikas
Page 305 and 306: arss. igi ewinaaRmdegeba agreTve se
Page 307 and 308: literaturas Seyavs mkiTxveli zneobr
Page 309 and 310: kulturuli, literaturuli gamocdilebi
Page 311 and 312: mariti TviTganxorcielebisken Zmis s
Page 313 and 314: damentis mqone. `mosawyeni istoriis
Page 315 and 316: Tavis droze ase iqna formulirebuli:
Page 317 and 318: gemovnebiT irCevs sityvas; moqnili,
Page 319 and 320: li da kerpTayvanismcemluria, iseve
Page 321 and 322: amgvari Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba swor
Page 323 and 324: li, mkveTri tipebis da xasiaTebis m
Page 325 and 326: SemecnebiT mimarTebas, azris daZabu
Page 327 and 328: isken, gadametebuli siamaye, zogjer
Page 329 and 330: tyaosanSic~ mJRavndeba, ukiduresad
Page 331: qarTuli orsaxovneba erovnul Temaze
Page 335 and 336: vaneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
Page 337 and 338: stalinis gandidebis Tanxmieri iyo.
Page 339 and 340: myari saxelmwifos gareSe dRevandeli
Page 341 and 342: `mrisxane batonSi~ Cans, rom cxovre
Page 343 and 344: jojoxeTuri meqanizmia mowesrigebuli
Page 345 and 346: gansazRvros Tavisi msoflmxedveloba,
Page 347 and 348: ilias formula Cvens droSi dasavluri
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