daviT guramiSvili

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javaxiSvilis jayo, rasputini, yaSa; grigol robaqiZis berzini; konstantine gamsaxurdias arzayani da farsman sparsi (es ukanaskneli warmoSobiT Tumca qarTvelia, magram denacionalizebulia); leo qiaCelis kuzma kilga... rasakvirvelia, es ar niSnavs, rom qarTveli mwerlebi ucxoTa siZulviliT arian Sepyrobili, maTve Seqmnili aqvT araqarTvelTa simpaTiuri saxeebi. es migvaniSnebs imaze, rom isini eridebian Zlieri, didi borotebis danaxvas qarTvel adamianSi, amjobineben igi araqarTvelSi aRmoaCinon; es migvaniSnebs im Znelad gadasalaxav zRudeze, romelic TviT niWier mweralTa cnobierebaSi arsebobs da romelsac isini awydebian qarTveli adamianis gamosaxvisas. aq naxsenebi yvela personaJi sainteresoa, Sinaganad savse da mxatvrulad mar- Talia swored imis wyalobiT, rom maTSi adamianis buneba, romelSic SeiZleba boroteba mZlavrobdes, yovelgvari SezRudvis gareSea gamokveTili. prozis xelovneba Zvirfasia rogorc adamianis arsebis da arsebobis mTeli winaaRmdegobrivi mravalgvarobis damnaxveli da xorcSemsxmeli unikaluri xelovneba. adamianis arseba da arseboba ki sikeTes da borotebas Soris aris ganfenili, sikeTis da borotebis dialeqtikuri mTlianobaa. adamianisadmi amouwuravi da Seunelebeli interesi, adamianis fenomenisadmi daJinebuli yuradReba, romelic prozis siZlieris pirobaa, aRiZvreba swored imis gancdiT Tu SegnebiT, rom adamiani aris sikeTis da borotebis dausrulebeli brZola mudam winaswarganuWvreteli da cvalebadi SedegiT. adamianze warmodgena, romelsac qarTuli erovnuli msoflxedva moicavs, upirveles yovlisa `vefxistyaosanSia~ kristalizebuli. rusTavelis poemaSi adamiani amaRlebulia, keTilSobili, sxvadasxva RirsebebiT Semkuli... poemis gmirebSi adamianis bunebis mravalferovneba uxvad aris gamomzeurebuli da Rrmad ixateba maT SinasamyaroSi moqmedi negatiuri Zalebic _ midrekileba amamRvreveli iracionaluri impulsebis da afeqtebis ayolisken, sasowarkveTili pasiuro- 326
isken, gadametebuli siamaye, zogjer daundoblobac... magram es Zalebi isea Sezrdili maTsave Seudareblad ufro did RirsebebTan, rom isini am gmirebis saxeebs momxibvlelobas ar akleben; maT avtori moralistis TvalTaxedviT ar afasebs. poemaSi borotebis saTave Cveulebrivi adamianuri samyaros miRmaa gadatanili. borotebis arasubstanciurobis rusTaveliseuli koncefcia gulisxmobs imasac, rom borotebas ara aqvs substanciuri sayrdeni TviT adamianSi. rusTavelis adreulrenesansuli optimisturi msoflmxedvelobisgan ganuyofeli adamianis keTili arsis rwmena da ndoba adamianisadmi, romlisTvisac bunebrivia iyos amaRlebuli da keTilSobili, tradiciuli qarTuli nacionaluri msoflgagebis niSnad ikve- Teba da Rrma gavlenas axdens qarTul mxatvrul cnobierebaze. adamianis Sesaxeb amgvari, poeturad naTeli da ndobiT gamsWvaluli warmodgenis aSkara Tu faruli zemoqmedeba, erTi mxriv, qarTuli kulturis humanistur gezs ganamtkicebs; magram, meore mxriv, es zemoqmedeba, rogorc Cans, ganapirobebs imas, rom CvenSi SedarebiT naklebi Zalisaa midrekileba adamianis fenomenis daZabuli esTetikuri Wvretisken, eWvnarevi, CaZiebuli analizisken da adamianis bunebis sirTulis da winaaRmdegobriobis, masSi boroti sawyisis sakmaod didi wilis srulad gamomJRavnebisken. prozis WeSmariti faseulobis upirvelesi maCvenebeli ki swored adamianis farTo da mravalmniSvnelovani mxatvruli koncefciaa... SesaZloa, yvelaze dramatuli sulieri procesi, romelic dRevandel saqarTveloSi mimdinareobs, aris tradiciul-optimisturi Tvalsazrisis rRveva adamianze saerTod da qarTvel adamianze kerZod. axla es Tvalsazrisi ufro kritikuli da mkacri SexedulebiT icvleba. savaraudoa, rom qarTuli mxatvruli azrovnebac ufro `prozauli~ gaxdeba... 1992 327
Page 1 and 2:
SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis
Page 3 and 4:
Tamaz vasaZe literatura WeSmaritebi
Page 5 and 6:
daviT guramiSvili sar Cevi Suagulis
Page 7 and 8:
geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
Page 9 and 10:
daviT guramiSvili Suagulis gadanacv
Page 11 and 12:
mTeli Sinagani sisavsiT (sakuTari y
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mis ukeTesi moyvare sad vpovo, sada
Page 15 and 16:
sis saboloo gamokveTis da gamyarebi
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`Wmunvidnen, arad SeswevdaT codvis
Page 19 and 20:
Tavgadasavlebis gamoyeneba vaJkacur
Page 21 and 22:
araTaSvili ise xveulad agebs leqss,
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* * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
Page 25 and 26:
literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
Page 27 and 28:
`SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
Page 29 and 30:
as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
Page 31 and 32:
magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
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aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
Page 35 and 36:
Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
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sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
Page 39 and 40:
politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
Page 41 and 42:
uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
Page 43 and 44:
ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
Page 45 and 46:
uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
Page 47 and 48:
veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
Page 49 and 50:
Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
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wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
Page 53 and 54:
grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
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dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
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naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
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zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
Page 61 and 62:
dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
Page 63 and 64:
adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
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feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
Page 67 and 68:
jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
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aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
Page 71 and 72:
gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
Page 73 and 74:
moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
Page 75 and 76:
mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is
Page 77 and 78:
sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
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vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
Page 81 and 82:
joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
Page 83 and 84:
misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
Page 85 and 86:
li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
Page 87 and 88:
aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
Page 89 and 90:
vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
Page 91 and 92:
sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
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wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
Page 95 and 96:
Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
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ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
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as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
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`gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
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hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
Page 105 and 106:
om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
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sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
Page 109 and 110:
nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
Page 111 and 112:
las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
Page 113 and 114:
daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
Page 115 and 116:
amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
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faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
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moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
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ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
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sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
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vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
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pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
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eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
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el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
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kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
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li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
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lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
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angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
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lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
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Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
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ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
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moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
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axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
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TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
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seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
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gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
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iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
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mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
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`sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
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Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
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uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
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misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
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sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
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da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
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aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
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zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
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Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
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àvtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
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yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
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arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
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iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
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Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
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ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
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am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
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mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
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novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
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erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
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SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
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megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
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cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
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Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
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laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
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geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
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grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
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os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
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antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
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omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
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galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
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ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
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miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
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iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
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musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
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dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
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giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
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matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
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ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
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valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
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`zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
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wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
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SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
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araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
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lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
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wmenis tragikomedia originaluri per
Page 255 and 256:
ebulia, rom òbligaciebis RmerTma~
Page 257 and 258:
Ralavi Semswavlelia, romelic simarT
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`winanadelma religiurma dResaswaule
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moTxrobaSi `nadiroba~ erT-erTi pers
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mSvidi, uRrublo atmosferoa, igi TiT
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lis sikvdilis Setyobisas Tqva: `me
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aris, aRarc tanjvaa. tanjva? am sit
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vidoda da xelisguls aulokavda, cecx
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da da romlis gamosworebac mas ar Se
Page 273 and 274:
* * * or poluss Soris aris ganfenil
Page 275 and 276: guram rCeuliSvilis piesaSi Zlierad
Page 277 and 278: cefciiT, uwinaresad yuradRebis cent
Page 279 and 280: oTar WilaZe sivrcis ori saxe oTar W
Page 281 and 282: Tu aq òTxkedelSi moqceuli farTobis
Page 283 and 284: esik xaranauli azris silaRe poetis
Page 285 and 286: ironias ukavSirdeba besik xaranauli
Page 287 and 288: omelic moTminebiT asrulebs `Sav sam
Page 289 and 290: jibri, mewvrilmaneoba fuTfuTebs _ m
Page 291 and 292: literatura WeSmaritebis Ziebaa droi
Page 293 and 294: exeba aluda qeTelauris saxes. dakan
Page 295 and 296: stadiebi ama Tu im drois raoba gans
Page 297 and 298: ise ucnobnic gamoCndebian, nel-nela
Page 299 and 300: niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi saSua
Page 301 and 302: tanjvaa simbolizebuli basil meliqiS
Page 303 and 304: om baRSi radioTi gadmocemul musikas
Page 305 and 306: arss. igi ewinaaRmdegeba agreTve se
Page 307 and 308: literaturas Seyavs mkiTxveli zneobr
Page 309 and 310: kulturuli, literaturuli gamocdilebi
Page 311 and 312: mariti TviTganxorcielebisken Zmis s
Page 313 and 314: damentis mqone. `mosawyeni istoriis
Page 315 and 316: Tavis droze ase iqna formulirebuli:
Page 317 and 318: gemovnebiT irCevs sityvas; moqnili,
Page 319 and 320: li da kerpTayvanismcemluria, iseve
Page 321 and 322: amgvari Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba swor
Page 323 and 324: li, mkveTri tipebis da xasiaTebis m
Page 325: SemecnebiT mimarTebas, azris daZabu
Page 329 and 330: tyaosanSic~ mJRavndeba, ukiduresad
Page 331 and 332: qarTuli orsaxovneba erovnul Temaze
Page 333 and 334: xolo igi Tumca privatul arsebobasac
Page 335 and 336: vaneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
Page 337 and 338: stalinis gandidebis Tanxmieri iyo.
Page 339 and 340: myari saxelmwifos gareSe dRevandeli
Page 341 and 342: `mrisxane batonSi~ Cans, rom cxovre
Page 343 and 344: jojoxeTuri meqanizmia mowesrigebuli
Page 345 and 346: gansazRvros Tavisi msoflmxedveloba,
Page 347 and 348: ilias formula Cvens droSi dasavluri
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