daviT guramiSvili

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proza poeziis qveyanaSi is garemoeba, rom qarTuli poezia aRemateba Tavis- Tavad sakmaod mniSvnelovan qarTul prozas, saidumloebas ar warmoadgens, magram amis ganmapirobebeli mizezebi sagangebo gansjis Tema ar gamxdara. es problema ki mxolod esTetikuri TvalsazrisiT ar aris saintereso, igi ukavSirdeba Cveni erovnuli arsebobis da cnobierebis mniSvnelovan Taviseburebebs. Zvel qarTul sasuliero literaturaSi poeziis da prozis uTanabroba jer kidev ar iCens Tavs, religiuri poezia da proza erTmaneTs RirsebiT ar Camouvardeba. Zneli saTqmelia, rom himnografiis nimuSebi esTetikuri da sulier-inteleqtualuri simaRliT Crdilavs `SuSanikis wamebas~, àbos wamebas~ an `grigol xanZTelis cxovrebas~... mxolod XII saukuneSi jabnis aSkarad poezia prozas _ `vefxistyaosani~ Sors Camoitovebs prozaul saraindo romans àmirandarejanians~. im epoqisTvis es ar aris moulodneli movlena, radgan Zvel literaturaSi prioriteti saerTodac poezias, saleqso formas eniWeba. proza dasavlur literaturaSi dawinaurebas iwyebs mogvianebiT, renesansis epoqidan moyolebuli (bokaCo, rable, servantesi...) da eposSi wamyvan pozicias imkvidrebs XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi, upirvelesad romanis formiT. saqarTveloSi igive periodi (XIV-XVIII saukuneebi) kulturis ganviTarebisTvis sruliad arakeTilmyofelia. am dros CvenTan ar arsebobs imis wanamZRvrebi, rom literaturaSi aseTi didi cvlileba moxdes. TviT qarTuli sazogadoebis ganviTareba Seferxebulia da igi ar ganicdis iseT realur-praqtikul da msoflmxedvelobriv Zvrebs, romlebmac evropaSi prozis dawinaurebas Seuwyo xeli: ar viTardeba mecniereba da azrovnebis Sesabamisi, cdaze da dakvirvebaze damyarebuli wesi; sazogadoebis ierarqiuli struqtura gaxevebuli rCeba, ar xdeba socialuri cxovrebis garTuleba da dinamizacia, rac asazrdoebs prozas misTvis xelsayreli TemebiT, siuJetebiT, konfliqtebiT, axa- 322
li, mkveTri tipebis da xasiaTebis mravalferovnebiT; ar Cans Zlieri mesame wodeba, romlis intensiur saqmianobas Tan axlavs qalaqebis zrda, adamianur urTierTkavSirTa ufro daqselili da winaaRmdegobrivi sistemis damkvidreba martiv soflur-patriarqalur yofas- Tan da mkafiod, mtkiced struqturirebul feodaluri cxovrebis yaidasTan SedarebiT; dasavleTSi, saqarTvelosgan gansxvavebiT, amasTanave mimdinareobs samyaros TandaTanobiTi `gamiwiereba~, warmodgenis Seryeva samyaroze rogorc metafizikuri ZalebiT da principebiT mowesrigebul mTlianobaze, romelsac ufro esatyviseba leqsi Tavisi TvalsaCino wesrigiT; bunebrivia, CvenTan ar aRiniSneba arc aseT proceseb- Tan dakavSirebuli yoveldRiurobis da yofiTobis, privatuli arsebobis mniSvnelobis imgvari mateba, rom gamoikveTos is, rasac hegeli `samyaros prozaul mdgomareobas~ uwodebs... ra Tqma unda, am epoqis saqarTveloSi iwereba iseTi prozauli nawarmoebi, rogoric sulxan-saba orbelianis `sibrZne sicruisaa~, magram mas ar moyolia axali prozis uwyveti, Tanmimdevruli tradiciis formireba. es didi dagvianebiT, XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi xdeba _ maSin, roca nel-nela CvenSic Cndeba daaxloebiT iseTive tendenciebi, dasavlur literaturaSi prozis ganviTarebas niadagi rom Seuqmna. magram Cvens literaturaSi prozis mimarT poeziis upiratesobas obieqtur da kulturul-istoriul mizezebTan erTad ganapirobebs mizezebic, romlebic eris sulieri arsebidan warmodgeba. leqsi rogorc metriT, ritmiT da sxva faqtorebiT mkafiod harmonizebuli esTetikuri forma TvalSisacemad amaRlebulia cxovrebaze, gamocalkevebulia adamianis Cveulebrivi arsebobisgan. saleqso forma xazgasmulad arapraqtikulia, arautilitarulia, Zlier TamaSebriv sawyiss moicavs da amkvidrebs, TamaSis da Tavisuflebis ares gadaSlis. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom is aris sadResaswaulo, sazeimo fenomeni, romelic moaswavebs yoveldRiurobaze, praqtikul saWiroebeb- 323
Page 1 and 2:
SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis
Page 3 and 4:
Tamaz vasaZe literatura WeSmaritebi
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daviT guramiSvili sar Cevi Suagulis
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
Page 9 and 10:
daviT guramiSvili Suagulis gadanacv
Page 11 and 12:
mTeli Sinagani sisavsiT (sakuTari y
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mis ukeTesi moyvare sad vpovo, sada
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sis saboloo gamokveTis da gamyarebi
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`Wmunvidnen, arad SeswevdaT codvis
Page 19 and 20:
Tavgadasavlebis gamoyeneba vaJkacur
Page 21 and 22:
araTaSvili ise xveulad agebs leqss,
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* * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
Page 25 and 26:
literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
Page 27 and 28:
`SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
Page 29 and 30:
as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
Page 31 and 32:
magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
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aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
Page 35 and 36:
Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
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sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
Page 39 and 40:
politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
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uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
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ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
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uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
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veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
Page 49 and 50:
Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
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wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
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grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
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dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
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naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
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zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
Page 61 and 62:
dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
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adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
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feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
Page 67 and 68:
jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
Page 69 and 70:
aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
Page 71 and 72:
gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
Page 73 and 74:
moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
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mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is
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sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
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vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
Page 81 and 82:
joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
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misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
Page 85 and 86:
li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
Page 87 and 88:
aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
Page 89 and 90:
vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
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sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
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wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
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Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
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ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
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as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
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`gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
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hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
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om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
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sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
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nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
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las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
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daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
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amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
Page 117 and 118:
faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
Page 119 and 120:
moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
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ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
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sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
Page 125 and 126:
vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
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pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
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eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
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el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
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kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
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li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
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lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
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angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
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lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
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Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
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ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
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moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
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axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
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TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
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seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
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gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
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iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
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mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
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`sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
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Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
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uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
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misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
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sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
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da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
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aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
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zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
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Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
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àvtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
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yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
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arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
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iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
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Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
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ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
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am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
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mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
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novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
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erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
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SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
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megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
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cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
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Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
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laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
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geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
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grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
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os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
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antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
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omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
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galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
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ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
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miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
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iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
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musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
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dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
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giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
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matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
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ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
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valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
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`zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
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wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
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SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
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araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
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lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
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wmenis tragikomedia originaluri per
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ebulia, rom òbligaciebis RmerTma~
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Ralavi Semswavlelia, romelic simarT
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`winanadelma religiurma dResaswaule
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moTxrobaSi `nadiroba~ erT-erTi pers
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mSvidi, uRrublo atmosferoa, igi TiT
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lis sikvdilis Setyobisas Tqva: `me
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aris, aRarc tanjvaa. tanjva? am sit
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vidoda da xelisguls aulokavda, cecx
Page 271 and 272: da da romlis gamosworebac mas ar Se
Page 273 and 274: * * * or poluss Soris aris ganfenil
Page 275 and 276: guram rCeuliSvilis piesaSi Zlierad
Page 277 and 278: cefciiT, uwinaresad yuradRebis cent
Page 279 and 280: oTar WilaZe sivrcis ori saxe oTar W
Page 281 and 282: Tu aq òTxkedelSi moqceuli farTobis
Page 283 and 284: esik xaranauli azris silaRe poetis
Page 285 and 286: ironias ukavSirdeba besik xaranauli
Page 287 and 288: omelic moTminebiT asrulebs `Sav sam
Page 289 and 290: jibri, mewvrilmaneoba fuTfuTebs _ m
Page 291 and 292: literatura WeSmaritebis Ziebaa droi
Page 293 and 294: exeba aluda qeTelauris saxes. dakan
Page 295 and 296: stadiebi ama Tu im drois raoba gans
Page 297 and 298: ise ucnobnic gamoCndebian, nel-nela
Page 299 and 300: niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi saSua
Page 301 and 302: tanjvaa simbolizebuli basil meliqiS
Page 303 and 304: om baRSi radioTi gadmocemul musikas
Page 305 and 306: arss. igi ewinaaRmdegeba agreTve se
Page 307 and 308: literaturas Seyavs mkiTxveli zneobr
Page 309 and 310: kulturuli, literaturuli gamocdilebi
Page 311 and 312: mariti TviTganxorcielebisken Zmis s
Page 313 and 314: damentis mqone. `mosawyeni istoriis
Page 315 and 316: Tavis droze ase iqna formulirebuli:
Page 317 and 318: gemovnebiT irCevs sityvas; moqnili,
Page 319 and 320: li da kerpTayvanismcemluria, iseve
Page 321: amgvari Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba swor
Page 325 and 326: SemecnebiT mimarTebas, azris daZabu
Page 327 and 328: isken, gadametebuli siamaye, zogjer
Page 329 and 330: tyaosanSic~ mJRavndeba, ukiduresad
Page 331 and 332: qarTuli orsaxovneba erovnul Temaze
Page 333 and 334: xolo igi Tumca privatul arsebobasac
Page 335 and 336: vaneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
Page 337 and 338: stalinis gandidebis Tanxmieri iyo.
Page 339 and 340: myari saxelmwifos gareSe dRevandeli
Page 341 and 342: `mrisxane batonSi~ Cans, rom cxovre
Page 343 and 344: jojoxeTuri meqanizmia mowesrigebuli
Page 345 and 346: gansazRvros Tavisi msoflmxedveloba,
Page 347 and 348: ilias formula Cvens droSi dasavluri
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