daviT guramiSvili

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arsiT igi araraobaa, riTac ziuskindis `parfiumeris~ mTavar gmirs gvagonebs. siyalbe imitom aris pirovnuli sawyisis CamxSobi, rom pirovneba upirvelesad WeSmaritebis Ziebis, damkvidrebis, WeSmariti yofnis nebaa. aseTia ìgis~ gmiri, pirveli pirovneba dedamiwaze, romlis dabadebis saswaulic siyvarulis da Semoqmedebis stiqiaTa Zalebis mier xorcieldeba da romelsac mwerali pirvelyofili adamianis samyaros uCveulod damajerebeli da STambeWdavi gacocxlebiT warmosaxavs. es gmiri agnebs adamianuri yofierebis WeSmarit wess da ar SeuZlia, radac unda daujdes, am wesis Sesatyvisad ar iarsebos, ar gamoamJRavnos da daamkvidros is, rac aRmoaCina _ mas Rrma sulieri naTesaoba akavSirebs vaJa-fSavelas gmirebTan. WeSmaritebasTan TanxmierebaSi yofnis aseTive neba warmarTavs àntoniosa da <strong>daviT</strong>is~ erT-erTi mTavari personaJis, evropeli adamianis arsebobasac. misi Semoyvana qarTul sinamdvileSi saSualebas aZlevs mwerals gviCvenos am sinamdvilis sulier-zneobrivi substanciis daSlis Sidaxedi, sinamdvilis, romelic uwinaresad swored pirovnebis Tavisuflebas da TviTrealizebas, Tavisufal pirovnul aqtTa ganxorcielebas ewinaaRmdegeba. jemal qarCxaZe TviTon iyo adamiani, romelmac Tavisufal pirovnebad yofnis siZnele daZlia. da sanam SegviZlia pativs mivagebdeT aseT adamianebs, sanam SegviZlia is simarTle gaviTavisoT, romelic maT qarTuli samyaros Sesaxeb gagvimJRavnes, gvrCeba Sansi am samyaroSi raRac sasikeTod SevcvaloT. 290 2000
literatura WeSmaritebis Ziebaa drois siRrmidan Cvenamde qarTul literaturas, sadac yvelaze koncentrirebulad da TvalsaCinod aris gamoxatuli misi Semqmneli xalxis msoflmxedveloba, drois siRrmidan Cvens dromde moyveba am msoflmxedvelobis erT-erTi laitmotivi _ samyarosadmi adamianis aqtiuri, SemoqmedebiTi, ganmaaxlebeli damokidebuleba. misi pirvelive reliefuri gacxadeba miTufro STambeWdavia, rom momxdaria iq, sadac TiTqos naklebad aris mosalodneli _ agiografiul nawarmoebSi. `grigol xanZTelis cxovrebis~ mTavari gmiris religiuri aRmafrena masStabur da intensiur aRmSeneblobaSia ganivTebuli. grigols, SemoqmedebiTi suliT dajildoebul da axlismaZiebel adamians, izidavs ucxo, Zneli da winaaRmdegobis gamwevi garemo, romelsac Tavisi mZlavri nebisyofiT aTvinierebs. is Seupovari TanmimdevrulobiT aqcevs udabur ares sulis sacxovrisad, sulierad ipyrobs ucnob sivrces. ukacrieli, veluri bunebis moSinaureba, materiis urCobis, adamianTa yofis qaoturobis daZleva da axali, srulfasovani realobis aRmSenebloba `grigol xanZTelis cxovrebaSi~ warmodgeba rogorc RmerTis Semoqmedebis gamgrZelebeli adamianis Rirseba. grigol xanZTeli ùdabnoTa qalaqmyofelia~ _ samyaros srulmqmneli, misTvis organizebuli saxis mimniWebeli, mouwesrigebel sinamdvileSi zneobrivi da socialuri wesrigis damamyarebeli. avTandili, romelic qarTuli literaturis centralur personaJad SeiZleba miviCnioT, Tumca aSkarad gansxvavdeba merCules mier monumenturad gamoqandakebuli asketisgan, magram garkveuli TvalsazrisiT misi memkvidrec aris: samyarosadmi aqtiur-SemoqmedebiTi, gardamqmneli mimarTeba maT saziaro aqvT. oRond avTandilis moZraobis da aqtivobis sivrce ukve usazRvrod gafarToebulia, mTel qveynierebas itevs. 291
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SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis
Page 3 and 4:
Tamaz vasaZe literatura WeSmaritebi
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daviT guramiSvili sar Cevi Suagulis
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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daviT guramiSvili Suagulis gadanacv
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mTeli Sinagani sisavsiT (sakuTari y
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mis ukeTesi moyvare sad vpovo, sada
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sis saboloo gamokveTis da gamyarebi
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`Wmunvidnen, arad SeswevdaT codvis
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Tavgadasavlebis gamoyeneba vaJkacur
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araTaSvili ise xveulad agebs leqss,
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* * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
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literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
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`SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
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as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
Page 31 and 32:
magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
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aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
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Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
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sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
Page 39 and 40:
politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
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uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
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ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
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uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
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veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
Page 49 and 50:
Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
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wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
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grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
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dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
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naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
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zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
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dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
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adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
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feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
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jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
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aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
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gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
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moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
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mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is
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sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
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vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
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joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
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misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
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li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
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aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
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vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
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sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
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wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
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Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
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ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
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as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
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`gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
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hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
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om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
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sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
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nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
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las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
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daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
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amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
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faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
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moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
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ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
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sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
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vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
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pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
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eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
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el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
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kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
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li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
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lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
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angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
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lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
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Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
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ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
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moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
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axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
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TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
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seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
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gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
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iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
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mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
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`sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
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Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
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uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
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misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
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sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
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da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
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aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
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zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
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Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
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àvtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
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yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
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arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
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iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
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Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
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ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
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am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
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mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
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novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
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erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
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SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
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megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
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cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
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Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
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laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
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geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
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grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
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os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
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antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
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omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
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galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
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ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
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miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
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iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
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musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
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dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
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giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
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matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
Page 239 and 240: ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
Page 241 and 242: valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
Page 243 and 244: `zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
Page 245 and 246: wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
Page 247 and 248: SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
Page 249 and 250: araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
Page 251 and 252: lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
Page 253 and 254: wmenis tragikomedia originaluri per
Page 255 and 256: ebulia, rom òbligaciebis RmerTma~
Page 257 and 258: Ralavi Semswavlelia, romelic simarT
Page 259 and 260: `winanadelma religiurma dResaswaule
Page 261 and 262: moTxrobaSi `nadiroba~ erT-erTi pers
Page 263 and 264: mSvidi, uRrublo atmosferoa, igi TiT
Page 265 and 266: lis sikvdilis Setyobisas Tqva: `me
Page 267 and 268: aris, aRarc tanjvaa. tanjva? am sit
Page 269 and 270: vidoda da xelisguls aulokavda, cecx
Page 271 and 272: da da romlis gamosworebac mas ar Se
Page 273 and 274: * * * or poluss Soris aris ganfenil
Page 275 and 276: guram rCeuliSvilis piesaSi Zlierad
Page 277 and 278: cefciiT, uwinaresad yuradRebis cent
Page 279 and 280: oTar WilaZe sivrcis ori saxe oTar W
Page 281 and 282: Tu aq òTxkedelSi moqceuli farTobis
Page 283 and 284: esik xaranauli azris silaRe poetis
Page 285 and 286: ironias ukavSirdeba besik xaranauli
Page 287 and 288: omelic moTminebiT asrulebs `Sav sam
Page 289: jibri, mewvrilmaneoba fuTfuTebs _ m
Page 293 and 294: exeba aluda qeTelauris saxes. dakan
Page 295 and 296: stadiebi ama Tu im drois raoba gans
Page 297 and 298: ise ucnobnic gamoCndebian, nel-nela
Page 299 and 300: niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi saSua
Page 301 and 302: tanjvaa simbolizebuli basil meliqiS
Page 303 and 304: om baRSi radioTi gadmocemul musikas
Page 305 and 306: arss. igi ewinaaRmdegeba agreTve se
Page 307 and 308: literaturas Seyavs mkiTxveli zneobr
Page 309 and 310: kulturuli, literaturuli gamocdilebi
Page 311 and 312: mariti TviTganxorcielebisken Zmis s
Page 313 and 314: damentis mqone. `mosawyeni istoriis
Page 315 and 316: Tavis droze ase iqna formulirebuli:
Page 317 and 318: gemovnebiT irCevs sityvas; moqnili,
Page 319 and 320: li da kerpTayvanismcemluria, iseve
Page 321 and 322: amgvari Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba swor
Page 323 and 324: li, mkveTri tipebis da xasiaTebis m
Page 325 and 326: SemecnebiT mimarTebas, azris daZabu
Page 327 and 328: isken, gadametebuli siamaye, zogjer
Page 329 and 330: tyaosanSic~ mJRavndeba, ukiduresad
Page 331 and 332: qarTuli orsaxovneba erovnul Temaze
Page 333 and 334: xolo igi Tumca privatul arsebobasac
Page 335 and 336: vaneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
Page 337 and 338: stalinis gandidebis Tanxmieri iyo.
Page 339 and 340: myari saxelmwifos gareSe dRevandeli
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`mrisxane batonSi~ Cans, rom cxovre
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jojoxeTuri meqanizmia mowesrigebuli
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gansazRvros Tavisi msoflmxedveloba,
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ilias formula Cvens droSi dasavluri
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