daviT guramiSvili
daviT guramiSvili daviT guramiSvili
masasTan da es mTeli sisavsiT warmoaCens pirovnebaTa daurRveveli solidarobis faseulobas, humanuri tradiciebis mkvidr mniSvnelobas; `stumar-maspinZel- Si~ da `haki aZbaSi~ erTnairia mtrisadmi damokidebuleba _ misi sisastike gamowveulia imiT, rom mteri faqtobrivad araadamianad aris miCneuli da amitom mis mimarT yovelgvari uzneobis Cadena gamarTlebulia; mterTan urTierToba SeiZleba emyarebodes mxolod SurisZiebis kanons: rogorc zviadaurs swiraven qistebi TavianT mkvdars, aseve swiraven bolSevikebi emxas moklul mezRvaurs... `haki aZbaSi~ qarTuli kultura bolSevizms upirispirebs Tavisi faseulobaTa sistemis birTvs _ adamian- Ta Rrma sulier kavSirs, axloblobis kults, rainduli moraliT nasazrdoeb Rirsebis grZnobas. hakis saxe tradiciuli qarTuli msoflgagebis da eTikis gviani gacxadebaa. haki aZbas literaturuli arqetipi avTandilia. amave dros qiaCelis gmiris winaparia istoriuli pirovneba _ cotne dadiani, romelSic TiTqos `vefxistyaosnidan~ gadmosaxlda avTandilis suli, misi Tavgametebuli siyvaruli da erTguleba moyvasisadmi, misi gonebamaxviloba, moxerxebuloba da artistizmi, romelsac Tavisi keTilSobiluri miznebis misaRwevad iyenebs. cotnes msgavsad mters nebayoflobiT Cabarebuli haki aZbac misgan axloblis gamosaxsnelad moxerxebulobas da artistizms iSveliebs, SeniRbvas mimarTavs da ase cdilobs bolSevikTa atamanis gulis molbobas. magram cotne dadianis mier dayoliebuli monRolisgan gansxvavebiT, misi Soreuli bolSeviki memkvidris moxibvla da gulis mogeba SeuZlebelia. bolSeviki, totalitaruli adamiani brmaa sxva civilizaciis warmomadgenlis faseulobebisadmi, moklebulia unars Cawvdes sxvis Tavisebur sulierebas, gansxvavebul pozicias da simarTles. igi Trgunavs yvelafers, rac mas ar gavs, rac misi viwro simarTlis miRmaa. 202 2005
cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli RirsebiT da popularobiT Camouvardeba leo qiaCelis yvelaze mniSvnelovan nawarmoebebs. praqtikulad is TiTqmis miviwyebulia. `sisxlSi~ faqtografia xSirad faravs movlenebis Sida, arsebiT ganzomilebas, personaJebis saxeebi arasakmarisadaa gamokveTili... magram amasTanave romanSi aris maRali SemoqmedebiTi tonusiT dawerili monakve- Tebi, gansakuTrebiT sikvdilTan dakavSirebuli scenebi (sikvdilis gancda-warmoCenis siZliere saerTodac gamoarCevs leo qiaCels); igrZnoba is gulisxmiereba pirovnebis Sinagani, sxvebisTvis dafaruli sicocxlis mimarT, romelic epoqis mxatvruli cnobierebis mkafio Tvisebaa; romanis stili TiTqos qveteqstis teqnikas mogvagonebs saqmiani, Tanabari toniT, pirdapir uTqmelis, nagulisxmevis gazrdili wiliT; zogjer ki aseT maneras, romelsac yru ironiac erTvis, eqspresionistulad agznebuli saxeobrioba enacvleba; rac mTavaria, `sisxlSi~ realisturi miukerZoeblobiT aris naCvenebi qarTveli social-demokratebis cxovreba saukunis dasawyisSi; romani mogviTxrobs, rogor Tavisufldeba doqtrinis salteebisgan axalgazrda inteligenti _ menSeviki; am procesis gamosaxva yovel- Tvis ar aris reliefuri, magram mTlianobaSi sakmaod damajerebelia. arCil dadiSianis marqsistul msoflmxedvelobas bzaravs adamianuri arsebobis siRrmiseul fenomeneb- Tan misi pirispir Sexvedra _ siyvarulis tanjva, drois Cumi, idumali qroba da yofierebis umyaroba, sikvdilis saSineleba marqsistuli doqtrinis Tvalsawieris miRmaa. social-demokratiuli ideologiisadmi agulgrilebs arCils revolucionerebTan axlo urTierToba da maTi kargad gacnobac. Tu erTi maTgani axirebuli fanatikosia, romelic Tvlis, rom engelsze ufro sworad esmis marqsizmi, sxvebi ideur mrwamss moklebuli arian. revolucioneroba maTTvis ubralod xelobaa, 203
- Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
- Page 153 and 154: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
- Page 155 and 156: gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
- Page 157 and 158: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
- Page 159 and 160: mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
- Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
- Page 163 and 164: Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
- Page 165 and 166: uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
- Page 167 and 168: misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
- Page 169 and 170: sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
- Page 171 and 172: da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
- Page 173 and 174: aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
- Page 175 and 176: zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
- Page 177 and 178: Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
- Page 179 and 180: `avtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
- Page 181 and 182: yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
- Page 183 and 184: arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
- Page 185 and 186: iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
- Page 187 and 188: Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
- Page 189 and 190: ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
- Page 191 and 192: am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
- Page 193 and 194: mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
- Page 195 and 196: novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
- Page 197 and 198: erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
- Page 199 and 200: SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
- Page 201: megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
- Page 205 and 206: Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
- Page 207 and 208: laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
- Page 209 and 210: geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
- Page 211 and 212: Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
- Page 213 and 214: geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
- Page 215 and 216: grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
- Page 217 and 218: os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
- Page 219 and 220: antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
- Page 221 and 222: omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
- Page 223 and 224: galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
- Page 225 and 226: ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
- Page 227 and 228: miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
- Page 229 and 230: iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
- Page 231 and 232: musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
- Page 233 and 234: dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
- Page 235 and 236: giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
- Page 237 and 238: matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
- Page 239 and 240: ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
- Page 241 and 242: valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
- Page 243 and 244: `zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
- Page 245 and 246: wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
- Page 247 and 248: SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
- Page 249 and 250: araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
- Page 251 and 252: lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
cduneba<br />
romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli RirsebiT da popularobiT<br />
Camouvardeba leo qiaCelis yvelaze mniSvnelovan<br />
nawarmoebebs. praqtikulad is TiTqmis miviwyebulia.<br />
`sisxlSi~ faqtografia xSirad faravs movlenebis<br />
Sida, arsebiT ganzomilebas, personaJebis saxeebi arasakmarisadaa<br />
gamokveTili... magram amasTanave romanSi<br />
aris maRali SemoqmedebiTi tonusiT dawerili monakve-<br />
Tebi, gansakuTrebiT sikvdilTan dakavSirebuli scenebi<br />
(sikvdilis gancda-warmoCenis siZliere saerTodac<br />
gamoarCevs leo qiaCels); igrZnoba is gulisxmiereba<br />
pirovnebis Sinagani, sxvebisTvis dafaruli sicocxlis<br />
mimarT, romelic epoqis mxatvruli cnobierebis mkafio<br />
Tvisebaa; romanis stili TiTqos qveteqstis teqnikas<br />
mogvagonebs saqmiani, Tanabari toniT, pirdapir<br />
uTqmelis, nagulisxmevis gazrdili wiliT; zogjer ki<br />
aseT maneras, romelsac yru ironiac erTvis, eqspresionistulad<br />
agznebuli saxeobrioba enacvleba; rac<br />
mTavaria, `sisxlSi~ realisturi miukerZoeblobiT<br />
aris naCvenebi qarTveli social-demokratebis cxovreba<br />
saukunis dasawyisSi; romani mogviTxrobs, rogor<br />
Tavisufldeba doqtrinis salteebisgan axalgazrda<br />
inteligenti _ menSeviki; am procesis gamosaxva yovel-<br />
Tvis ar aris reliefuri, magram mTlianobaSi sakmaod<br />
damajerebelia.<br />
arCil dadiSianis marqsistul msoflmxedvelobas<br />
bzaravs adamianuri arsebobis siRrmiseul fenomeneb-<br />
Tan misi pirispir Sexvedra _ siyvarulis tanjva, drois<br />
Cumi, idumali qroba da yofierebis umyaroba, sikvdilis<br />
saSineleba marqsistuli doqtrinis Tvalsawieris<br />
miRmaa.<br />
social-demokratiuli ideologiisadmi agulgrilebs<br />
arCils revolucionerebTan axlo urTierToba<br />
da maTi kargad gacnobac. Tu erTi maTgani axirebuli<br />
fanatikosia, romelic Tvlis, rom engelsze ufro sworad<br />
esmis marqsizmi, sxvebi ideur mrwamss moklebuli<br />
arian. revolucioneroba maTTvis ubralod xelobaa,<br />
203
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