daviT guramiSvili
daviT guramiSvili daviT guramiSvili
hakisnairi socialuri warmomavlobis adamianebis qomagobaa da kapitnis ideuri da moraluri kraxia is, rom igi amgvari adamianis mimarTac sulier sibrmaves iCens. kapitani, romelic hakis monad miiCnevs, TviTon gamodgeba Tavisi dogmis, agresiuli impulsebis da Zalauflebismoyvareobis mona. sulieri siRaribis da sibrmavis gamo bolSeviki kapitani ar SeiZleba iyos tragikuli _ Tundac tragikulad Semcdari _ gmiri. sulis siviwrove am TiTqosda araCveulebriv adamians primitiuli moZaladis, tragikuli gmirebis usaxuri jalaTis rols argunebs. `haki aZba~ tragikuli fenomenis erT-erTi yvelaze srulyofili xorcSesxmaa qarTul literaturaSi. mis tragizms qmnis is, rom rogorc filisterul-meSCanuri konformizmi da uprincipoba, aseve bolSevikuri fanatizmi gardauvalad, fatalurad ewinaaRmdegeba adamianur Rirsebas, erTgulebas da siyvaruls, simar- Tles. amitom moTxrobaSi movlenaTa ganviTarebas, siuJetis moZraobasac fataluri aucileblobis xasiaTi eZleva. amaSi Tavisi wvlili Seaqvs agreTve bedisweris idumali winaTgrZnobis romantikul motivs. moTxrobaSi warmoisaxeba tragikuli situacia, roca gardauvali xdeba adamianebis mier sicocxlis msxverplad gaReba im faseulobebis gadasarCenad, romelTa gulisTvisac Rirs amqveynad sicocxle; konkretuli adamianebis sicocxle unda Seewiros imas, rac sazogadod adamianis sicocxles aniWebs sazriss. haki aZba, nawarmoebis upirvelesi tragikuli gmiri, Tavisi erTguli siyvaruliT ujuS emxasac tragikuli gmiris sulier rangs moapovebinebs. hakis damokidebuleba ujuSisadmi, cxadia, ZiZiSvilobis tradicias efuZneba, romelic Tavadebis da glexebis urTierTobas zneobriv da humanur xasiaTs aZlevs, magram tradicia am urTierTobis kulturul-simboluri forma ufroa, misi Sinaarsi ki WeSmariti adamianuri siyvarulia, WeSmariti megobrobaa. `haki aZbaSi~, iseve rogorc akaki wereTlis `gamzrdelSi~, ZiZiSvilobis tradiciis Rrma azri is aris, rom amqveynad adamianur siyvarulze da 200
megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arsebobs, rom adamianis yofierebis gamarTleba moyvasis Tavgametebuli siyvarulia. haki aZba ujuSis sicocxlis gadarCenas ver SeZlebs, magram is, rasac igi aRwevs, aranakleb mniSvnelovani da faseulia _ haki Tavisi Tavganwiruli erTgulebiT ujuSs Rirseulad sikvdils SeaZlebinebs. emxa, romelic bolSevikebisadmi mistikuri ZrwoliT aris Sepyrobili, mxolod hakis gverdiT, misi wyalobiT ibrunebs Sinagan Zalas da Rirsebas _ hakis gareSe is TiTqos arasruli, nakluli adamiania. emxa hakis meoxebiT kvdeba amayi, is, Tavisi jalaTebis mimarT moraluri upiratesobis grZnobiT Sinaganad gamagrebuli, azidavs tragikuli gmiris tvirTs. haki, romantizebuli ubralo glexi, sulis simdidriT bevrad aRemateba maT, vinc socialurad da TiTqos kulturiTac masze maRla dgas. Tu qalaqis mesveurebi sakuTar pasuxismgeblobas koleqtiur upasuxismgeblobaSi gaurbian, haki sxvis pasuxismgeblobas kisrulobs; hakis, kapitnisgan gansxvavebiT, SeuZlia mowinaaRmdegis TvaliT, misi poziciidan Sexedos sinamdviles; haki aSkarad ufro gonieria ujuSis axlobel Tavadebze, romlebsac maTi TanasworiviT esaubreba (esec mowmobs, rom, kilgas azris sawinaaRmdegod, mis arseba- Si monobis natamali ar aris); miTumetes aSkaraa Tavadebis mimarT hakis zneobrivi upiratesoba. hakis sulier da moralur ierTan Sedareba amJRavnebs yvela socialuri Zalis zneobriv siRaribes, romlebic nawarmoebSi arian warmoCenili. aseTi adamianis mier cxovrebis uaryofa niSnavs, rom am cxovrebaSi simarTles, Rirsebas, siyvaruls adgili aRar rCeba. `haki aZbaSi~ vaJa-fSavelas poemebis, gansakuTrebiT `stumar-maspinZlis~ tragikuli suli ganagrZobs arsebobas. qiaCelis novela am poema-tragediis msgavsad agebulia Seunelebeli dinamikiT gaSlil eqstremalur situaciebze, fataluri simtkiciT Sekrul movlenaTa wyebaze; aqac mkveTria TviTmyofadi pirovnebebis SeuTavsebloba kritikulad daxatul agresiul 201
- Page 149 and 150: axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
- Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
- Page 153 and 154: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
- Page 155 and 156: gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
- Page 157 and 158: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
- Page 159 and 160: mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
- Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
- Page 163 and 164: Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
- Page 165 and 166: uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
- Page 167 and 168: misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
- Page 169 and 170: sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
- Page 171 and 172: da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
- Page 173 and 174: aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
- Page 175 and 176: zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
- Page 177 and 178: Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
- Page 179 and 180: `avtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
- Page 181 and 182: yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
- Page 183 and 184: arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
- Page 185 and 186: iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
- Page 187 and 188: Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
- Page 189 and 190: ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
- Page 191 and 192: am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
- Page 193 and 194: mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
- Page 195 and 196: novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
- Page 197 and 198: erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
- Page 199: SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
- Page 203 and 204: cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
- Page 205 and 206: Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
- Page 207 and 208: laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
- Page 209 and 210: geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
- Page 211 and 212: Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
- Page 213 and 214: geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
- Page 215 and 216: grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
- Page 217 and 218: os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
- Page 219 and 220: antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
- Page 221 and 222: omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
- Page 223 and 224: galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
- Page 225 and 226: ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
- Page 227 and 228: miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
- Page 229 and 230: iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
- Page 231 and 232: musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
- Page 233 and 234: dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
- Page 235 and 236: giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
- Page 237 and 238: matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
- Page 239 and 240: ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
- Page 241 and 242: valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
- Page 243 and 244: `zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
- Page 245 and 246: wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
- Page 247 and 248: SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
- Page 249 and 250: araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arsebobs, rom adamianis<br />
yofierebis gamarTleba moyvasis Tavgametebuli<br />
siyvarulia.<br />
haki aZba ujuSis sicocxlis gadarCenas ver SeZlebs,<br />
magram is, rasac igi aRwevs, aranakleb mniSvnelovani da<br />
faseulia _ haki Tavisi Tavganwiruli erTgulebiT<br />
ujuSs Rirseulad sikvdils SeaZlebinebs. emxa, romelic<br />
bolSevikebisadmi mistikuri ZrwoliT aris Sepyrobili,<br />
mxolod hakis gverdiT, misi wyalobiT ibrunebs<br />
Sinagan Zalas da Rirsebas _ hakis gareSe is TiTqos<br />
arasruli, nakluli adamiania. emxa hakis meoxebiT<br />
kvdeba amayi, is, Tavisi jalaTebis mimarT moraluri<br />
upiratesobis grZnobiT Sinaganad gamagrebuli, azidavs<br />
tragikuli gmiris tvirTs.<br />
haki, romantizebuli ubralo glexi, sulis simdidriT<br />
bevrad aRemateba maT, vinc socialurad da TiTqos<br />
kulturiTac masze maRla dgas. Tu qalaqis mesveurebi<br />
sakuTar pasuxismgeblobas koleqtiur upasuxismgeblobaSi<br />
gaurbian, haki sxvis pasuxismgeblobas kisrulobs;<br />
hakis, kapitnisgan gansxvavebiT, SeuZlia mowinaaRmdegis<br />
TvaliT, misi poziciidan Sexedos sinamdviles;<br />
haki aSkarad ufro gonieria ujuSis axlobel Tavadebze,<br />
romlebsac maTi TanasworiviT esaubreba (esec<br />
mowmobs, rom, kilgas azris sawinaaRmdegod, mis arseba-<br />
Si monobis natamali ar aris); miTumetes aSkaraa Tavadebis<br />
mimarT hakis zneobrivi upiratesoba. hakis sulier<br />
da moralur ierTan Sedareba amJRavnebs yvela socialuri<br />
Zalis zneobriv siRaribes, romlebic nawarmoebSi<br />
arian warmoCenili. aseTi adamianis mier cxovrebis<br />
uaryofa niSnavs, rom am cxovrebaSi simarTles,<br />
Rirsebas, siyvaruls adgili aRar rCeba.<br />
`haki aZbaSi~ vaJa-fSavelas poemebis, gansakuTrebiT<br />
`stumar-maspinZlis~ tragikuli suli ganagrZobs<br />
arsebobas. qiaCelis novela am poema-tragediis msgavsad<br />
agebulia Seunelebeli dinamikiT gaSlil eqstremalur<br />
situaciebze, fataluri simtkiciT Sekrul movlenaTa<br />
wyebaze; aqac mkveTria TviTmyofadi pirovnebebis<br />
SeuTavsebloba kritikulad daxatul agresiul<br />
201
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