daviT guramiSvili
daviT guramiSvili daviT guramiSvili
leo qiaCeli sulis Tavgadasavlebi mecxramete saukunis qarTuli prozis realizms da pozitivistur msoflxedvas leo qiaCeli rogorc novelisti xSirad ucnauris da uCveulos romantikul esTetikas unacvlebs. qiaCelis yuradRebas Zlierad izidavs fsiqikuri movlenebi, romlebic cxovrebis zedapiruli mdinarebis logikas ar eqvemdebareba; mwerali eZebs adamianis arsebobis realisturi azrovnebisTvis gaugebar sawyisebs, imas, rac SeCveuli realobis mkveTr sicxades eWvqveS ayenebs; qiaCeli _ romantikuli bunebis Semoqmedi, neoromantikosi _ sinamdvilis empiriul-yoveldRiur mocemulobas ar aris mijaWvuli, yoveldRiurs da Cveulebrivs araCveulebrivs da iSviaTs amjobinebs. amgvari mxatvruli midrekilebebis gasamJRavneblad novelis Janruli forma zedmiwevniT nayofieria, novela xom, rogorc goeTe ambobs, `sxva araferia, Tu ara gaugonari SemTxveva~. `gaugonari SemTxveva~ ki SeiZleba fsiqikis sferosac ganekuTvnebodes. aseT SemTxvevebze araerTi nawarmoebi aqvT agebuli gamoCenil novelistebs, upirvelesad romantikosebs, magali- Tad, klaists an edgar pos. adamianis sulis uCveulo, idumal Tavgadasavlebs qiaCelic mogviTxrobs. aseT TavgadasavalTa Semcvel novelebSi adamianis Sinarealobis garTulebuli, diferencirebuli modelis anarekli moCans. es modeli gulisxmobs, rom adamianis fsiqika mravali sxvadasxvagvari, maT Soris iracionaluri Zalis momcvel samyaros warmoadgens; suli kargavs mTlianobas da nawevrdeba, polifoniuri xdeba. pirovnebis warmosaxvis aseTi principi metad damaxasiaTebelia XX saukunis mxatvruli azrovnebisTvis, Tumca igi manamdec iCenda Tavs. 194
novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ Warbadaa xSiri xmarebisgan gacveTili pirobiT-poeturi xatovaneba (`Ramisebri wamwamebiT dafaruli satrfos Tvalebi~ da a.S); aris moZvelebuli stilisturi yalibebi, martivi kompoziciuri da fsiqologiuri kontrastebi, magram amave dros adamianis bunebis gaRrmavebuli da garTulebuli koncefciis konturia moxazuli. novelis gmiri sayvarel qalTan alersis Semdeg aRmoaCens, rom am qals misTvis ucnobi Sinagani saxec hqonia, rom mis sulSi verasdros SeaRwevs. novelaSi sulis Seucnobloba magiuri yvavilis zRaprul-fantastikuri motivis meSveobiT samyaros mmarTav iracionalur sawyiss, gangebas ukavSirdeba _ adamianis sulis iracionalurobas mistikuri elferi eZleva da asea romantizebuli. novelis koncefcias sabolood ayalibebs is, rom mTavari gmiri sakuTar TavSive poulobs iseT Zalebs, romelTa Sesaxeb adre araferi icoda; araTu sxva adamiani, TviTonac ucnobi yofila sakuTari TavisTvis; misi sulis moZraoba da qmedeba _ mkvleloba Tavad misTvisvea auxsneli, TiTqos masSi viRac ucxo Casaxlebula. rogorc vxedavT, novelaSi romantizebulad aris warmosaxuli qvecnobierebis sabediswero Zliereba adamianis yofierebaSi. adamianis suli sxvadasxva sawyisebad dacalkevebuli warmodgeba novelaSic `me da Cemi ori me~ _ personificirebuli fsiqikuri Zalebidan erT-erTi, tlanq instinqtTa ganmasaxierebeli, danarCenebs, inteligenturad rbilebs anadgurebs. sulier polifonias, sulSi gaTamaSebul ucnaur dramas mwerali amjerad ukve misTvis saerTod damaxasiaTebeli uCumari, Sekavebuli iumoriT aRiqvams. amis wyalobiT igi maRla dgeba siuJetis pirobiTobaze, fantastikurobaze da gvaniSnebs, rom epoqis socialur-politikuri koliziebi adamianis sulis disharmoniuli bunebis warmonaqmnia. pirobiTi gamomxatvelobis miRma gamosWvivis mwerlis mier nagrZnobi da gaazrebuli simarTle _ adamianis 195
- Page 143 and 144: Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
- Page 145 and 146: ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
- Page 147 and 148: moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
- Page 149 and 150: axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
- Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
- Page 153 and 154: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
- Page 155 and 156: gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
- Page 157 and 158: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
- Page 159 and 160: mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
- Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
- Page 163 and 164: Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
- Page 165 and 166: uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
- Page 167 and 168: misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
- Page 169 and 170: sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
- Page 171 and 172: da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
- Page 173 and 174: aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
- Page 175 and 176: zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
- Page 177 and 178: Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
- Page 179 and 180: `avtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
- Page 181 and 182: yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
- Page 183 and 184: arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
- Page 185 and 186: iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
- Page 187 and 188: Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
- Page 189 and 190: ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
- Page 191 and 192: am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
- Page 193: mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
- Page 197 and 198: erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
- Page 199 and 200: SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
- Page 201 and 202: megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
- Page 203 and 204: cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
- Page 205 and 206: Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
- Page 207 and 208: laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
- Page 209 and 210: geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
- Page 211 and 212: Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
- Page 213 and 214: geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
- Page 215 and 216: grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
- Page 217 and 218: os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
- Page 219 and 220: antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
- Page 221 and 222: omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
- Page 223 and 224: galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
- Page 225 and 226: ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
- Page 227 and 228: miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
- Page 229 and 230: iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
- Page 231 and 232: musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
- Page 233 and 234: dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
- Page 235 and 236: giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
- Page 237 and 238: matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
- Page 239 and 240: ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
- Page 241 and 242: valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
- Page 243 and 244: `zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
leo qiaCeli<br />
sulis Tavgadasavlebi<br />
mecxramete saukunis qarTuli prozis realizms da<br />
pozitivistur msoflxedvas leo qiaCeli rogorc novelisti<br />
xSirad ucnauris da uCveulos romantikul<br />
esTetikas unacvlebs.<br />
qiaCelis yuradRebas Zlierad izidavs fsiqikuri<br />
movlenebi, romlebic cxovrebis zedapiruli mdinarebis<br />
logikas ar eqvemdebareba; mwerali eZebs adamianis<br />
arsebobis realisturi azrovnebisTvis gaugebar sawyisebs,<br />
imas, rac SeCveuli realobis mkveTr sicxades<br />
eWvqveS ayenebs; qiaCeli _ romantikuli bunebis Semoqmedi,<br />
neoromantikosi _ sinamdvilis empiriul-yoveldRiur<br />
mocemulobas ar aris mijaWvuli, yoveldRiurs<br />
da Cveulebrivs araCveulebrivs da iSviaTs amjobinebs.<br />
amgvari mxatvruli midrekilebebis gasamJRavneblad<br />
novelis Janruli forma zedmiwevniT nayofieria,<br />
novela xom, rogorc goeTe ambobs, `sxva araferia, Tu<br />
ara gaugonari SemTxveva~. `gaugonari SemTxveva~ ki<br />
SeiZleba fsiqikis sferosac ganekuTvnebodes. aseT<br />
SemTxvevebze araerTi nawarmoebi aqvT agebuli gamoCenil<br />
novelistebs, upirvelesad romantikosebs, magali-<br />
Tad, klaists an edgar pos. adamianis sulis uCveulo,<br />
idumal Tavgadasavlebs qiaCelic mogviTxrobs.<br />
aseT TavgadasavalTa Semcvel novelebSi adamianis<br />
Sinarealobis garTulebuli, diferencirebuli modelis<br />
anarekli moCans. es modeli gulisxmobs, rom adamianis<br />
fsiqika mravali sxvadasxvagvari, maT Soris iracionaluri<br />
Zalis momcvel samyaros warmoadgens; suli<br />
kargavs mTlianobas da nawevrdeba, polifoniuri xdeba.<br />
pirovnebis warmosaxvis aseTi principi metad damaxasiaTebelia<br />
XX saukunis mxatvruli azrovnebisTvis,<br />
Tumca igi manamdec iCenda Tavs.<br />
194
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