daviT guramiSvili
daviT guramiSvili daviT guramiSvili
ediSeri monawileobs religiur dResaswaulSi da gaocebulia, `rom TviT viTom mlocvelni Tavis codvas ki ar inaniebdnen, aramed Tavis gaWirvebis mospobas, simSvides, bednierebas mosTxovdnen RvTaebas. aq ar iyo arc moskovSi nanaxi gulze mjiRis kvriT codvis aRsareba, arc italiis uaryofa aqauri cxovrebisa, arc kamaTi mlocvelTa Soris sarwmunoebaze. TviT dedabrebi mxolod wuTiT SeCerdebodnen eklesiis karebis win, anTebdnen Taflis sanTlebs da saswrafod modiodnen, rom ebaasnaT, garTuliyvnen, Tavisi ojaxuri ambebi gadaecaT unaxav nacnobebisTvis da gaegoT maTi ambavi~. Tu am dakvirvebas vendobiT, qarTuli religiuroba moklebulia midrekilebas fanatizmisken, daundobeli TviTgvemisken (rac iolad SeiZleba Semotrialdes sxvaTa gvemad); mas ar itacebs ganyenebuli Ziebebi, arc miwieri samyarosgan ganiltvis; piriqiT, RmerTisgan swored amqveyniur bednierebas iTxovs da moelis. rasakvirvelia, mwerals mxedvelobis areSi aqvs is, rac ufro tipiuria koleqtiuri cnobierebisTvis da ara movlenebis mTeli mravalgvarovani simravle; mTavaria, rasTan SedarebiT ras aniWebs eri upiratesobas, ras rogor afasebs, sad miuCens adgils Tavisi Rirebulebebis sistemaSi; ra ufro metad aris xalxisgan mosalodneli da ra _ naklebad. xolo xalxisgan, romlis religiuri grZnoba aseTi amqveyniuri da eqscesebs garidebulia, romlisTvisac ar aris damaxasiaTebeli gonebis damabnelebeli fanatizmi, araa mosalodneli adamianis Cakirvis sastiki ritualis keTilmyofelobis dajereba da ganxorcieleba. qarTuli religiurobis bunebaze niko lorTqifani- Zis dakvirveba, cxadia, ar aris yovlismomcveli, magram unda vifiqroT, rom istoriul procesSi gamokveTili misi arsebiTi Tviseba aq moxelTebulia. amgvari religiuroba, albaT, arc mTlad unakloa, oRond qimeruli ideebis da brma sisastikis gamRvivebeli ar aris. niko lorTqifaniZe marto `qeduxrelnSi~ ar iCens interess erovnuli religiurobis mimarT, mis adamianurad ara- 158
mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur sisusteebs igi rbili iumoriT gamosaxavs moTxrobaSi `episkopozi nadirobaze~. erovnuli cnobierebis wyobaa gacxadebuli eklesis ierSic, romelsac ediSeri dResaswaulisas akvirdeba. mwerali qmnis qarTuli eklesiis dasamaxsovrebel mxatvrul daxasiaTebas. `gansacvifreblad aris SerCeuli adgili SenobisTvis, TiTqos Tan Sezrdili iyos mTasTan. iseTive nazi, msubuqi, iseTive mxiaruli da sadaa... es ar aris SiSisagan Seqmnili codvaTa mosananieblad, aramed siyvaruliT da aRtacebiT mSvenier bunebisadmi. mas arc gaqceva unda caSi, arc gaurbis sinaTlesa da haers, aramed stkbeba mzis sinaTliT, mTvaris SuqiT, mwvane WalebiT, yvavilebis surnelebiT da Soreuli zRviT.~ sicocxlis da silamazis moyvare, xalisiani msoflaRqmis xatia es nageboba. misi amSenebeli xalxisTvis ucxoa Seucnoblis winaSe iseTi Zrwola, sakuTari codvilobis, simdablis iseTi damTrgunveli grZnoba, romelic sazarel adamianur msxverplSewirvaSi ipovida sadinars; ucxoa sipirquSe, romliTac es rituali gamoirCeva. nawarmoebSi gamosaxuli religiuri dResaswaulis xasiaTi da atmosfero saero ufroa. RmerTi da wminda giorgi, visac dResaswauli eZRvneba, TiTqos aRaravis axsovs; xalxi erToba da mxiarulobs, sacirko sanaxaobas uyurebs, xelisuflebs amasxrebs (Tumca es dausjeli ar rCeba). magram misi qristianuli suliereba mkafiod mJRavndeba mis eTosSi. adamianisadmi TanagrZnoba, gasaWirSi myofis Sebraleba da daxmareba am xalxis religiuri gznebiT gancdili mrwamsia. `sofels ver gaaTbob, sofels ver Semosav, sofels ver daapureb. magram mSiers rom lukma ar gauwodo, ise nu gauSveb, titvels xeli mainc ar daafaro, ise nu dastoveb, gayinuli rom ar dazilo, ise nu daagdeb~. gulisxmierebaze aranakleb niSandoblivi aq realizmia, imis codnaa, rom sayovelTao keTildReoba miuRwevelia; is ki SesaZlebelia, yovelma kacma imdeni sikeTe gaakeTos, ramdensac gawvdeba. rogor gansxvavdeba aseTi TvalTaxedva maqsi- 159
- Page 107 and 108: sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
- Page 109 and 110: nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
- Page 111 and 112: las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
- Page 113 and 114: daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
- Page 115 and 116: amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
- Page 117 and 118: faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
- Page 119 and 120: moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
- Page 121 and 122: ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
- Page 123 and 124: sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
- Page 125 and 126: vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
- Page 127 and 128: pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
- Page 129 and 130: eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
- Page 131 and 132: el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
- Page 133 and 134: kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
- Page 135 and 136: li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
- Page 137 and 138: lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
- Page 139 and 140: angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
- Page 141 and 142: lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
- Page 143 and 144: Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
- Page 145 and 146: ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
- Page 147 and 148: moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
- Page 149 and 150: axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
- Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
- Page 153 and 154: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
- Page 155 and 156: gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
- Page 157: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
- Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
- Page 163 and 164: Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
- Page 165 and 166: uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
- Page 167 and 168: misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
- Page 169 and 170: sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
- Page 171 and 172: da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
- Page 173 and 174: aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
- Page 175 and 176: zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
- Page 177 and 178: Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
- Page 179 and 180: `avtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
- Page 181 and 182: yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
- Page 183 and 184: arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
- Page 185 and 186: iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
- Page 187 and 188: Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
- Page 189 and 190: ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
- Page 191 and 192: am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
- Page 193 and 194: mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
- Page 195 and 196: novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
- Page 197 and 198: erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
- Page 199 and 200: SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
- Page 201 and 202: megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
- Page 203 and 204: cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
- Page 205 and 206: Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
- Page 207 and 208: laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur sisusteebs igi rbili<br />
iumoriT gamosaxavs moTxrobaSi `episkopozi nadirobaze~.<br />
erovnuli cnobierebis wyobaa gacxadebuli eklesis<br />
ierSic, romelsac ediSeri dResaswaulisas akvirdeba.<br />
mwerali qmnis qarTuli eklesiis dasamaxsovrebel<br />
mxatvrul daxasiaTebas. `gansacvifreblad aris SerCeuli<br />
adgili SenobisTvis, TiTqos Tan Sezrdili iyos<br />
mTasTan. iseTive nazi, msubuqi, iseTive mxiaruli da sadaa...<br />
es ar aris SiSisagan Seqmnili codvaTa mosananieblad,<br />
aramed siyvaruliT da aRtacebiT mSvenier bunebisadmi.<br />
mas arc gaqceva unda caSi, arc gaurbis sinaTlesa<br />
da haers, aramed stkbeba mzis sinaTliT, mTvaris<br />
SuqiT, mwvane WalebiT, yvavilebis surnelebiT da<br />
Soreuli zRviT.~<br />
sicocxlis da silamazis moyvare, xalisiani msoflaRqmis<br />
xatia es nageboba. misi amSenebeli xalxisTvis<br />
ucxoa Seucnoblis winaSe iseTi Zrwola, sakuTari codvilobis,<br />
simdablis iseTi damTrgunveli grZnoba, romelic<br />
sazarel adamianur msxverplSewirvaSi ipovida<br />
sadinars; ucxoa sipirquSe, romliTac es rituali<br />
gamoirCeva.<br />
nawarmoebSi gamosaxuli religiuri dResaswaulis<br />
xasiaTi da atmosfero saero ufroa. RmerTi da wminda<br />
giorgi, visac dResaswauli eZRvneba, TiTqos aRaravis<br />
axsovs; xalxi erToba da mxiarulobs, sacirko sanaxaobas<br />
uyurebs, xelisuflebs amasxrebs (Tumca es dausjeli<br />
ar rCeba). magram misi qristianuli suliereba mkafiod<br />
mJRavndeba mis eTosSi. adamianisadmi TanagrZnoba,<br />
gasaWirSi myofis Sebraleba da daxmareba am xalxis religiuri<br />
gznebiT gancdili mrwamsia. `sofels ver gaaTbob,<br />
sofels ver Semosav, sofels ver daapureb. magram<br />
mSiers rom lukma ar gauwodo, ise nu gauSveb, titvels<br />
xeli mainc ar daafaro, ise nu dastoveb, gayinuli<br />
rom ar dazilo, ise nu daagdeb~. gulisxmierebaze aranakleb<br />
niSandoblivi aq realizmia, imis codnaa, rom sayovelTao<br />
keTildReoba miuRwevelia; is ki SesaZlebelia,<br />
yovelma kacma imdeni sikeTe gaakeTos, ramdensac<br />
gawvdeba. rogor gansxvavdeba aseTi TvalTaxedva maqsi-<br />
159
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