daviT guramiSvili
daviT guramiSvili daviT guramiSvili
yalbi miTis rRveva yvelasTvis cnobilia, rom diqtaturis pirobebSi simarTle, rogorc wesi, dums, xolo sicrue gamayrueblad xmaurobs. magram maSinac ki, roca amis gakeTeba TiTqmis SeuZlebeli iyo, CvenSi iqmneboda calkeuli nawarmoebebi, romlebSic antitiranuli paTosia gamovlenili. moTxrobaSi `qeduxrelni~ niko lorTqifaniZe nar- Taulad aRbeWdavs Tavis Tvalsazriss sastik droze, romelSic cxovreba mouxda. legendas suramis cixeze igi am drois Sesatyvis siuJetur da azrobriv-emociur struqturas aniWebs. `qeduxrelni~ sakmaod TvalsaCinod aireklavs Tavis Tanadroul realobas _ nawarmoebi iwereboda 1938-44 wlebSi _ xelisuflebis represiulobas, xalxis uuflebobas da wamebas, siRaribes, oms... es iwvevs folkloruli Tu literaturuli tradiciis mkveTr gadasinjvas, rasac ukve is moaswavebs, rom niko lorTqifaniZe uars ambobs fabulis geografiul SemosazRvrulobaze _ moTxrobaSi surami ar ixsenieba. sivrcis (da drois) lokalizaciis uaryofa Seesabameba mwerlis miswrafebas, simboluri mniSvneloba misces ambavs, igavi Seqmnas misgan. `qeduxrelnSi~ deklarirebulic aris gamijvna legendis literaturuli versiisgan, daniel WonqaZis `suramis cixisgan,~ sadac Tqmuleba arsebiTad saSineli qaluri SurisZiebis motivzea dayvanili _ mTxrobeli, saxalxo mTqmeli iwunebs legendis mwignobrul variants da acxadebs, rom yvelaferi sxvanairad iyo, ise, rogorc igi gviambobs. mas aqvs kidec amis ufleba, radgan TviTon icxovra imgvar sinamdvileSi, rogoric mis mier naambob TqmulebaSia warmoCenili. mTxrobelis da gayiduli tyve gogonas Tavgadasavali am sinamdvilis raobas gamoxatavs _ adamianis sicocxle ukiduresad gaufasurebulia, mis beds Wirveuli SemTxveviToba atrialebs; uzneoba normalur movlenadaa qceuli da TiTqos arc gamoirCeva cxovrebis Cveulebriv mdinarebaSi, iseve ar imsaxurebs sagangebo yuradRebas, ro- 154
gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqvaT, sunTqva an siaruli. da mweralic odnav komikurad Seferili uSfoTveli toniT gadmogvcems Tavisi gmirebis cxovrebis peripetias, romelic bednierad sruldeba _ isev SemTxveviTobis, amjerad bednieri SemTxveviTobis ZaliT. moTxrobis eqspoziciur nawilSi niko lorTqifani- Ze yofiTi realizmis meTodiT aRbeWdavs im sinamdvilisTvis tipiur istorias, romelic Semdeg legendurigavuri saSualebebiT warmoisaxeba. amasTanave mTxrobelis piriT xalxi gamoTqvams Tavis azrs da miswrafebebs. epoqis tragikuli gamocdilebis miuxedavad mwerali mainc imedovnebs, rom xalxis gonierebis da zneobrivi grZnobis sruli daClungeba SeuZlebelia. saxalxo mTqmelis TvalTaxedva moTxrobaSi SeTavsebulia sxva, avtorisTvis Sinaganad mainc ufro organul TvalTaxedvasTan. mwerals nawarmoebSi Semoyavs axalgazrda arqiteqtori, ganaTlebuli, moazrovne da dakvirvebuli kaci, dRevandeli gagebiT inteligenti. igi Svelis avtors, miuaxlovdes gamosasaxvel samyaros, Tavisi sulieri gamocdileba, fiqri ufro Tavisuflad gaazavos masSi. ucxoeTSi saswavleblad wasuli ediSeri samSoblo- Si brundeba _ Cveni saukunis mravali qarTveli inteligentis, maT Soris niko lorTqifaniZis biografiis qarga gvecnoba. nawarmoebSi qveynis mdgomareoba metwilad am gmiris gaaxlebuli, cnobismoyvare mzeriTaa aRqmuli. bevri ram akvirvebs da eCoTireba, afiqrebs ediSers. mis aryofnaSi SemoRebuli wesis Tanaxmad pirvelad mefesTan unda gamocxaddes. sasaxles raRac ucxo ieri aqvs. `didia da ulazaTo, _ fiqrobda ymawvili, _ mZimed daswolia miwas. ar hgavs Cvenebur nagebobas _ na- Tels, msubuqs da garemosTan Sexamebuls. masala metia daxarjuli, vidre Sedegia miRweuli, nafiqri ufroa didebis STabeWdilebis mosaxdenad, vidre Seqmnilia gulisnadebis gamosaxatavad~. aseTi mouxeSavi, pompezuri arqiteqturuli stilis cnobac Zneli ar unda iyos CvenTvis. 155
- Page 103 and 104: hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
- Page 105 and 106: om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
- Page 107 and 108: sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
- Page 109 and 110: nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
- Page 111 and 112: las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
- Page 113 and 114: daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
- Page 115 and 116: amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
- Page 117 and 118: faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
- Page 119 and 120: moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
- Page 121 and 122: ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
- Page 123 and 124: sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
- Page 125 and 126: vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
- Page 127 and 128: pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
- Page 129 and 130: eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
- Page 131 and 132: el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
- Page 133 and 134: kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
- Page 135 and 136: li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
- Page 137 and 138: lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
- Page 139 and 140: angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
- Page 141 and 142: lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
- Page 143 and 144: Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
- Page 145 and 146: ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
- Page 147 and 148: moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
- Page 149 and 150: axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
- Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
- Page 153: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
- Page 157 and 158: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
- Page 159 and 160: mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
- Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
- Page 163 and 164: Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
- Page 165 and 166: uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
- Page 167 and 168: misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
- Page 169 and 170: sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
- Page 171 and 172: da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
- Page 173 and 174: aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
- Page 175 and 176: zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
- Page 177 and 178: Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
- Page 179 and 180: `avtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
- Page 181 and 182: yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
- Page 183 and 184: arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
- Page 185 and 186: iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
- Page 187 and 188: Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
- Page 189 and 190: ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
- Page 191 and 192: am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
- Page 193 and 194: mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
- Page 195 and 196: novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
- Page 197 and 198: erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
- Page 199 and 200: SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
- Page 201 and 202: megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
- Page 203 and 204: cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqvaT, sunTqva an siaruli.<br />
da mweralic odnav komikurad Seferili uSfoTveli<br />
toniT gadmogvcems Tavisi gmirebis cxovrebis<br />
peripetias, romelic bednierad sruldeba _ isev SemTxveviTobis,<br />
amjerad bednieri SemTxveviTobis ZaliT.<br />
moTxrobis eqspoziciur nawilSi niko lorTqifani-<br />
Ze yofiTi realizmis meTodiT aRbeWdavs im sinamdvilisTvis<br />
tipiur istorias, romelic Semdeg legendurigavuri<br />
saSualebebiT warmoisaxeba. amasTanave mTxrobelis<br />
piriT xalxi gamoTqvams Tavis azrs da miswrafebebs.<br />
epoqis tragikuli gamocdilebis miuxedavad mwerali<br />
mainc imedovnebs, rom xalxis gonierebis da zneobrivi<br />
grZnobis sruli daClungeba SeuZlebelia.<br />
saxalxo mTqmelis TvalTaxedva moTxrobaSi SeTavsebulia<br />
sxva, avtorisTvis Sinaganad mainc ufro organul<br />
TvalTaxedvasTan. mwerals nawarmoebSi Semoyavs<br />
axalgazrda arqiteqtori, ganaTlebuli, moazrovne da<br />
dakvirvebuli kaci, dRevandeli gagebiT inteligenti.<br />
igi Svelis avtors, miuaxlovdes gamosasaxvel samyaros,<br />
Tavisi sulieri gamocdileba, fiqri ufro Tavisuflad<br />
gaazavos masSi.<br />
ucxoeTSi saswavleblad wasuli ediSeri samSoblo-<br />
Si brundeba _ Cveni saukunis mravali qarTveli inteligentis,<br />
maT Soris niko lorTqifaniZis biografiis<br />
qarga gvecnoba. nawarmoebSi qveynis mdgomareoba metwilad<br />
am gmiris gaaxlebuli, cnobismoyvare mzeriTaa<br />
aRqmuli. bevri ram akvirvebs da eCoTireba, afiqrebs<br />
ediSers.<br />
mis aryofnaSi SemoRebuli wesis Tanaxmad pirvelad<br />
mefesTan unda gamocxaddes. sasaxles raRac ucxo ieri<br />
aqvs. `didia da ulazaTo, _ fiqrobda ymawvili, _ mZimed<br />
daswolia miwas. ar hgavs Cvenebur nagebobas _ na-<br />
Tels, msubuqs da garemosTan Sexamebuls. masala metia<br />
daxarjuli, vidre Sedegia miRweuli, nafiqri ufroa<br />
didebis STabeWdilebis mosaxdenad, vidre Seqmnilia<br />
gulisnadebis gamosaxatavad~. aseTi mouxeSavi, pompezuri<br />
arqiteqturuli stilis cnobac Zneli ar unda<br />
iyos CvenTvis.<br />
155
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