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niko lorTqifaniZe saerTo elferi niko lorTqifaniZes dawerili aqvs araerTi Taviseburad momxiblavi, keTilSobilebiT da sifaqiziT savse nawarmoebi, sadac Sors da mkrTalad moCans miwa, cxovreba, adamiani... miTufro gasakviria ukiduresad fxizeli realizmi, romliTac niko lorTiqfaniZis moTxrobaTa erTi nawili gamoirCeva da romelic gansakuTrebiT mkafiod istoriul Temaze Seqmnil nawarmoebebSi vlindeba. niko lorTqifaniZe lirikuli bunebis mweralia, natif, rbil lirikul melodias gaadevnebs Tavis nawarmoebebs, xolo misi mravali miniatura mTlianad mgrZnobiare sulis lirikuli JReraa. magram istoriul moTxrobebSi niko lorTqifaniZe uaryofs lirizms, intimur-subieqtur tonalobas. `mrisxane batoni~, `JamTa siave~, `raindebi~ uCveulo obieqtivizmiT xasiaTdeba _ vgulisxmobT aramxolod imas, rom mwerali faravs Tavis subieqtur ganwyobas, ar amxels Tavis tendencias; am nawarmoebTa gansakuTrebul obieqtivizms kidev ufro metad gansazRvravs is, rom avtori ar kisrulobs megzuris da ganmmarteblis rols (anda naTelia, rom aseTi roli mas naklebad izidavs); ukuagdebs vrcel avtoriseul aRwerilobebs, saguldagulo da gabmul, Tanmimdevrul avtoriseul Txrobas; aq iSviaTad Tu vnaxavT avtoris mier mowodebul personaJTa daxasiaTebebs, imasac metismetad Zunws; mwerali ar gvTavazobs gmirebis `savizito baraTebs~... niko lorTqifaniZis es moTxrobebi aRiqmeba reaqciad prozaSi aRweriTi da TxrobiTi komponentebis si- Warbis winaaRmdeg. mwerali Segnebulad iswrafis gandevnos an ukiduresad SezRudos yvelaferi is, rac, misi rwmeniT, xels uSlis prozas iyos ufro kompaqturi, 146
moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinarebis meti uSualobiT aRmbeWdveli. epikuri siuxve, sisavse da safuZvlianoba aSkarad ar aris istoriul moTxrobaTa sayrdeni mxatvruli principi. magram mas enacvleba ara lirikuloba, aramed prozis Sinagani wyobis miaxloeba dramasTan, prozis mkveTri dramatizacia _ aseTi daskvna SeiZleba gamovitanoT pirveli dakvirvebis Semdeg. literaturaSi gardaqmnebi yovelTvis sruli mxatvruli simarTlis dasamkvidreblad xorcieldeba da am SemTxvevaSic asea. istoriuli triptiqis avtori nebayoflobiT uCinardeba, raTa TviT sinamdvilis xedebi gadagveSalos Tvalwin, TviT sinamdvile ametyveldes da SevxvdeT mas TiTqosda xelovanis dauxmareblad, misi mediumobis gareSe. da marTlac, niko lorTqifaniZem ucnaurad moaaxlova warsuli, TiTqos ki ar Seqmna istoriis suraTi, aramed ubralod farda gadawia da mis miRma gardasuli yofa amoZravda. `mrisxane batoni~, `JamTa siave~, `raindebi~ dokumenturobis STabeWdilebas aRZravs. amave dros mwerlis SemoqmedebiTi manera arsebiT cvlilebebs ar ganicdis: fragmentuloba, wyvetili, mqrqalad moniSnuli xazebi, myife, gabneuli kompozicia... sruli naturalurobis, namdvilobis STabeWdileba miRweulia ara wvrilmanTa, detalTa naturalisturi daxvavebiT, ara mxatvruli energiis daZabviT da gamomsaxvelobis gamZafrebiT, aramed funjis Zaldautanebeli, nebieri da iSviaTi monasmebiT. vrcel nawarmoebebSi da sxvaganac niko lorTqifaniZis fragmentuli, texili manera, romelic impresionistuli warmomavlobis Cans, Zalian gavs imas, rac kinoxelovnebaSi montaJis saxeliT aris cnobili. `kadrebi kinoSi ar gaiSlebian Tanmimdevrul wyebad _ kadrebi enacvlebian erTmaneTs. aseTia montaJis safuZveli. isini monacvleoben ise, rogorc erTi saleqso striqoni, erTi metruli mTlianoba icvleba meoriT _ zust sazRvarze. kino axorcielebs naxtomebs kadridan kadrisken, rogorc leqsi _ striqonidan 147
Page 1 and 2:
SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis
Page 3 and 4:
Tamaz vasaZe literatura WeSmaritebi
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daviT guramiSvili sar Cevi Suagulis
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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daviT guramiSvili Suagulis gadanacv
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mTeli Sinagani sisavsiT (sakuTari y
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mis ukeTesi moyvare sad vpovo, sada
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sis saboloo gamokveTis da gamyarebi
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`Wmunvidnen, arad SeswevdaT codvis
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Tavgadasavlebis gamoyeneba vaJkacur
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araTaSvili ise xveulad agebs leqss,
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* * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
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literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
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`SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
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as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
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magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
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aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
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Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
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sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
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politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
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uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
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ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
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uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
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veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
Page 49 and 50:
Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
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wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
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grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
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dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
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naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
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zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
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dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
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adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
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feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
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jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
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aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
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gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
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moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
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mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is
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sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
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vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
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joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
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misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
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li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
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aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
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vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
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sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
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wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
Page 95 and 96: Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
Page 97 and 98: ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
Page 99 and 100: as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
Page 101 and 102: `gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
Page 103 and 104: hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
Page 105 and 106: om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
Page 107 and 108: sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
Page 109 and 110: nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
Page 111 and 112: las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
Page 113 and 114: daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis
Page 115 and 116: amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
Page 117 and 118: faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
Page 119 and 120: moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
Page 121 and 122: ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
Page 123 and 124: sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
Page 125 and 126: vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
Page 127 and 128: pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
Page 129 and 130: eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
Page 131 and 132: el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
Page 133 and 134: kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
Page 135 and 136: li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
Page 137 and 138: lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
Page 139 and 140: angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
Page 141 and 142: lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
Page 143 and 144: Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
Page 145: ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
Page 149 and 150: axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
Page 153 and 154: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
Page 155 and 156: gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
Page 157 and 158: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
Page 159 and 160: mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
Page 163 and 164: Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
Page 165 and 166: uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
Page 167 and 168: misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
Page 169 and 170: sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
Page 171 and 172: da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
Page 173 and 174: aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
Page 175 and 176: zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
Page 177 and 178: Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
Page 179 and 180: àvtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
Page 181 and 182: yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
Page 183 and 184: arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
Page 185 and 186: iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
Page 187 and 188: Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
Page 189 and 190: ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
Page 191 and 192: am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
Page 193 and 194: mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
Page 195 and 196: novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
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erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
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SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
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megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
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cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
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Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
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laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
Page 211 and 212:
Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
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geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
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grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
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os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
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antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
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omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
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galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
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ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
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miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
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iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
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musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
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dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
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giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
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matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
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ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
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valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
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`zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
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wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
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SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
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araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
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lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
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wmenis tragikomedia originaluri per
Page 255 and 256:
ebulia, rom òbligaciebis RmerTma~
Page 257 and 258:
Ralavi Semswavlelia, romelic simarT
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`winanadelma religiurma dResaswaule
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moTxrobaSi `nadiroba~ erT-erTi pers
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mSvidi, uRrublo atmosferoa, igi TiT
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lis sikvdilis Setyobisas Tqva: `me
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aris, aRarc tanjvaa. tanjva? am sit
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vidoda da xelisguls aulokavda, cecx
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da da romlis gamosworebac mas ar Se
Page 273 and 274:
* * * or poluss Soris aris ganfenil
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guram rCeuliSvilis piesaSi Zlierad
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cefciiT, uwinaresad yuradRebis cent
Page 279 and 280:
oTar WilaZe sivrcis ori saxe oTar W
Page 281 and 282:
Tu aq òTxkedelSi moqceuli farTobis
Page 283 and 284:
esik xaranauli azris silaRe poetis
Page 285 and 286:
ironias ukavSirdeba besik xaranauli
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omelic moTminebiT asrulebs `Sav sam
Page 289 and 290:
jibri, mewvrilmaneoba fuTfuTebs _ m
Page 291 and 292:
literatura WeSmaritebis Ziebaa droi
Page 293 and 294:
exeba aluda qeTelauris saxes. dakan
Page 295 and 296:
stadiebi ama Tu im drois raoba gans
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ise ucnobnic gamoCndebian, nel-nela
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niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi saSua
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tanjvaa simbolizebuli basil meliqiS
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om baRSi radioTi gadmocemul musikas
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arss. igi ewinaaRmdegeba agreTve se
Page 307 and 308:
literaturas Seyavs mkiTxveli zneobr
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kulturuli, literaturuli gamocdilebi
Page 311 and 312:
mariti TviTganxorcielebisken Zmis s
Page 313 and 314:
damentis mqone. `mosawyeni istoriis
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Tavis droze ase iqna formulirebuli:
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gemovnebiT irCevs sityvas; moqnili,
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li da kerpTayvanismcemluria, iseve
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amgvari Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba swor
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li, mkveTri tipebis da xasiaTebis m
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SemecnebiT mimarTebas, azris daZabu
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isken, gadametebuli siamaye, zogjer
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tyaosanSic~ mJRavndeba, ukiduresad
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qarTuli orsaxovneba erovnul Temaze
Page 333 and 334:
xolo igi Tumca privatul arsebobasac
Page 335 and 336:
vaneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
Page 337 and 338:
stalinis gandidebis Tanxmieri iyo.
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myari saxelmwifos gareSe dRevandeli
Page 341 and 342:
`mrisxane batonSi~ Cans, rom cxovre
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jojoxeTuri meqanizmia mowesrigebuli
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gansazRvros Tavisi msoflmxedveloba,
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ilias formula Cvens droSi dasavluri
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