daviT guramiSvili

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cxali var, cocxali da minda kvlav vicocxlo; sicocxle Cemi unda iyos dausrulebelio~. erTnairia vaJafSavelas da Svaiceris eTikuri Tvalsazrisic, romelic am pirveladi WeSmaritebidan aris amozrdili _ yoveli sicocxle gasafrTxilebelia. `gvelis mWamelis~ mTavari gmiris msgavsad albert Svaiceri mkurnali iyo, aramarto qadagebda `mowiwebas sicocxlis mimarT~, aramed praqtikuladac iRvwoda sicocxlis SesanarCuneblad da gasaZliereblad. igi misTvis ucnobi literaturuli personaJiviT cdilobda Seesustebina sicocxlis nebis Semborkavi da damTrgunveli agresiuloba, tkivili, sikvdili. 112 1997
daviT kldiaSvili igavi TavkerZobis Sesaxeb arsebobs nawarmoebebi, romlebSic mxolod literaturis istorikosTa sareanimacio procedurebis waylobiT bJutavs sicocxlis naperwkali. daviT kldiaSvilis `samaniSvilis dedinacvali~, cxadia, aseT procedurebs ar saWiroebs, igi droTa ganmavlobaSi bunebriv sicocxlisunarianobas ar kargavs. am sicocxlisunarianobis sawindris Sesaxeb kidev erTxel dafiqreba, albaT, zedmeti ar unda iyos. `samaniSvilis dedinacvalze~ msjelobisas tragikulis da komikuris cnebebi gamoiyeneba, oRond tragikuli gagebulia yoveldRiur-yofiTi azriT, ùbedurebis~ mniSvnelobiT. sinamdvileSi daviT kldiaSvilis moTxroba Seicavs tragikulis rogorc specifikuri esTetikuri kategoriis zogierT moments. is, rasac platon samaniSvili Seejaxeba, arsebiTad aris istoriuli kanonzomiereba, romelic xels moucaravs aznaurTa fenas, magram es daundobeli istoriuli aucilebloba movlenilia ara uSualod, aramed rogorc bediswera. bediswerasTan adamianis Sejaxebis motivi ki tragikuli motivia. man yvelaze sruli gamovlena pova berZnul tragediaSi, xolo gansakuTrebuli simkveTriT xorci Seisxa sofokles òidipos mefeSi~. aq bunebrivad Cndeba skeptikuri kiTxva _ ra SeiZleba hqondes saerTo kldiaSvilis uRimRamo personaJs didebulebiT mosil tragikul gmirebTan, romelTac amaRlebuli fiqri, zraxvebi da Rrma vnebaTaRelva gamoarCevT? tragikuli gmiris arsebiTi Tvisebaa is, rom igi, Seqspiris sityvebs Tu moviSveliebT, `mozRvavebul ubedurebasTan~ aris SebrZolebuli da rogori Rimi- 113
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SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis
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Tamaz vasaZe literatura WeSmaritebi
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daviT guramiSvili sar Cevi Suagulis
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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daviT guramiSvili Suagulis gadanacv
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mTeli Sinagani sisavsiT (sakuTari y
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mis ukeTesi moyvare sad vpovo, sada
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sis saboloo gamokveTis da gamyarebi
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`Wmunvidnen, arad SeswevdaT codvis
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Tavgadasavlebis gamoyeneba vaJkacur
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araTaSvili ise xveulad agebs leqss,
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* * * `SemoRamebaSi~ poetur subieqt
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literaturis istorikosebi aRniSnaven
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`SemoRamebiseuli~ gamocxadebis Sina
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as an Tundac konkretul politikur pi
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magram cxadia, rom erekles amoZrave
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aseTi kritikuli TvalTaxedva Semdeg
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Rebas mowme, TanamgrZnobeli da damf
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sakmaod zedapirul radikalizms sinam
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politikuri sistemis srulfasovnad da
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uri, moZravi, sinamdvilis wvdomis,
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ebis, moqiSpeobis, jibris, Suris ga
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uli samyaros adekvatur aRqma-gageba
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veberi protestantuli Sromis eTikis
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Tavisas Sen gagebinebs. amitomac Se
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wess, romelic gulisxmobs socialuri
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grZnobels da Tanamoazres poulobs, e
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dec. es moxdeba Tu ara, imazea damo
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naSi, sadac maradiuli gangaSia da b
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zneobrivi dilema SurisZiebis istori
Page 61 and 62: dagebi qristianuli moZRvrebis Sesat
Page 63 and 64: adirebul adamianSic ar SeiZleba mTl
Page 65 and 66: feri codviT aris wabilwuli, maT Sor
Page 67 and 68: jerobiT arc amas icnobierebs, magra
Page 69 and 70: aseTia qalis mTavari argumenti _ ar
Page 71 and 72: gandegilis Sinagan samyaroSi Zvelis
Page 73 and 74: moTxovnilebebis da Rirebulebebis xo
Page 75 and 76: mitovebis mTavari motivi swored is
Page 77 and 78: sadmi angarebiania, gamoyenebiTia.
Page 79 and 80: vaJa-fSavela humanizmis ganwiruleba
Page 81 and 82: joyolas pasuxSi Cans misi Rrma siyv
Page 83 and 84: misi SeuTavsebloba humanur principe
Page 85 and 86: li msgavseba imdenad srulia, rom Ti
Page 87 and 88: aludas Sinagani metamorfozis iseTi
Page 89 and 90: vis gaziarebam. es gaziarebuli tanj
Page 91 and 92: sxva simarTle Tumca `baxtrioni~ vaJ
Page 93 and 94: wyoba ucbad imRvreva eWviT _ Tavisi
Page 95 and 96: Sinaganad ar gaiziarebda xalxis gas
Page 97 and 98: ad amtkicebs, rom zezva marTali iyo
Page 99 and 100: as Seesatyviseba. gvelis arsebaSi u
Page 101 and 102: `gvelis mWameli~ _ `mowiweba sicocx
Page 103 and 104: hSvelen verasa: balaxsac sTiben, na
Page 105 and 106: om bunebaSi warmoCndeba sicocxlis n
Page 107 and 108: sikvdilis gadamtani kaci... ase rom
Page 109 and 110: nelovan poemaSi `gogoTur da afSina~
Page 111: las, maTTvis zianis miuyeneblobas..
Page 115 and 116: amgvari elementis Semcvel situaciaS
Page 117 and 118: faruli Sinasamyaro sinamdvilis warm
Page 119 and 120: moTxrobis mTavari saTqmeli SemWidro
Page 121 and 122: ojaxis micvalebulTa da pirvel rigSi
Page 123 and 124: sibralulis grZnoba. misi amgvari gr
Page 125 and 126: vasil barnovi dacemebi da zeaRsvleb
Page 127 and 128: pos. codvis kvlav Cadenis safrTxis
Page 129 and 130: eRobeba win misive Seuferebeli, mou
Page 131 and 132: el poetur-romantikul samyaros aRmoa
Page 133 and 134: kultTan, vitaluri Zalebis sagazafxu
Page 135 and 136: li moCans. meore mxriv, aSots vxeda
Page 137 and 138: lic mahmadianuri agresiisgan icavs
Page 139 and 140: angariSiT, amosavalia `morCilebis~
Page 141 and 142: lic aiZulebT Suri iZion maTze, visa
Page 143 and 144: Cakvdeba saerTod siyvarulis niWic,
Page 145 and 146: ugrZnobeli da Seuwynarebeli RvTismo
Page 147 and 148: moqnili da sinamdvilis TviTmdinareb
Page 149 and 150: axali segmenti, ufro zustad, misi S
Page 151 and 152: TiTqmis fizikurad mkafio SegrZnebas
Page 153 and 154: seburia, qristianuli msoflgagebis d
Page 155 and 156: gorc sxva SeCveuli movlenebi, vTqva
Page 157 and 158: iyenebs da, gaZlierebuli, kidev ufr
Page 159 and 160: mkacr xasiaTs da aseve adamianur si
Page 161 and 162: `sasaxleSi SeyvaniT yovel dRe Sehyv
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Tqma unda, marTalia. magram es ar a
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uli qveynis da qveyanaSi Tavisufleb
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misgan gansxvavebiT amerikeli magna
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sxva, ufro Rrma da arsebiTi aspeqti
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da swored amis wyalobiTaa, rom TviT
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aucilebeli piroba, burJuaziuli keTi
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zedapiruli gageba, misi mTeli sirTu
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Tumca umjobesia isev Teimurazma gvi
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àvtors asamarTleben gmirebi~ rodes
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yaSa lazares _ sadists _ mwerali ak
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arsebiTia is, rom yaSa lazares dauc
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iranelebisadmi qarTveli eqimis keTi
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Tvalisaxela niSan-Tvisebebi, romleb
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ebulad mwvave siuJetur da fsiqologi
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am realobis evropul yaidaze gardaqm
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mixeil javaxiSvils simarTlis mware
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novelaSi `mkvleloba koxta goraze~ W
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erebis, TavisTavSi darwmunebuli `sa
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SedarebiT Rirseulad TiTqos aristokr
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megobrobaze didi faseuloba ar arseb
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cduneba romani `sisxli~ mxatvruli R
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Tavis uaryofa daSTenoda Tavdacvis u
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laze progresuli evropuli moZRvreba,
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geronti qiqoZe realistis simarTle d
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Zali Rvino dagrovda. mxedrobis da i
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geronti qiqoZe gamokveTs sabWoTa re
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grigol robaqiZe gansacdeli sabWoeTi
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os cxovelmyofel ZalebTan mas organu
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antidionisuri adamiania, im azriT,
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omanis mTavar gmirs ki patimrobaSi
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galaktion tabiZe enigmaturi saxe da
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ebs berZnuli miTis eqos. es metafor
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miTis metaforul gardaTqmas warmoadg
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iT burusebSi sCans ainStaini~. gala
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musikalurobis safuZveli winamorbedi
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dinebebi, romlebic samyaroSi moZrao
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giorgi leoniZe sicocxlis poezia gio
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matebs, mas poeziis aucilebel niSna
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ken. igi sadinars aZlevs gausaZlisa
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valerian gafrindaSvili sanatreli da
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`zRvas aRar unda Tavis sisrule, TiT
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wvdeba ocneba Tavis sagans da aafer
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SoTa CantlaZe `zeca da ironia~ meoc
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araferi ar gvinda, anu swored da mx
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lia _ kargi cxovreba da gviani sikv
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wmenis tragikomedia originaluri per
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ebulia, rom òbligaciebis RmerTma~
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Ralavi Semswavlelia, romelic simarT
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`winanadelma religiurma dResaswaule
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moTxrobaSi `nadiroba~ erT-erTi pers
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mSvidi, uRrublo atmosferoa, igi TiT
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lis sikvdilis Setyobisas Tqva: `me
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aris, aRarc tanjvaa. tanjva? am sit
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vidoda da xelisguls aulokavda, cecx
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da da romlis gamosworebac mas ar Se
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* * * or poluss Soris aris ganfenil
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guram rCeuliSvilis piesaSi Zlierad
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cefciiT, uwinaresad yuradRebis cent
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oTar WilaZe sivrcis ori saxe oTar W
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Tu aq òTxkedelSi moqceuli farTobis
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esik xaranauli azris silaRe poetis
Page 285 and 286:
ironias ukavSirdeba besik xaranauli
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omelic moTminebiT asrulebs `Sav sam
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jibri, mewvrilmaneoba fuTfuTebs _ m
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literatura WeSmaritebis Ziebaa droi
Page 293 and 294:
exeba aluda qeTelauris saxes. dakan
Page 295 and 296:
stadiebi ama Tu im drois raoba gans
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ise ucnobnic gamoCndebian, nel-nela
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niko lorTqifaniZis moTxrobaSi saSua
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tanjvaa simbolizebuli basil meliqiS
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om baRSi radioTi gadmocemul musikas
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arss. igi ewinaaRmdegeba agreTve se
Page 307 and 308:
literaturas Seyavs mkiTxveli zneobr
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kulturuli, literaturuli gamocdilebi
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mariti TviTganxorcielebisken Zmis s
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damentis mqone. `mosawyeni istoriis
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Tavis droze ase iqna formulirebuli:
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gemovnebiT irCevs sityvas; moqnili,
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li da kerpTayvanismcemluria, iseve
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amgvari Tvalsazrisebi SeiZleba swor
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li, mkveTri tipebis da xasiaTebis m
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SemecnebiT mimarTebas, azris daZabu
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isken, gadametebuli siamaye, zogjer
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tyaosanSic~ mJRavndeba, ukiduresad
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qarTuli orsaxovneba erovnul Temaze
Page 333 and 334:
xolo igi Tumca privatul arsebobasac
Page 335 and 336:
vaneba saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebrivi
Page 337 and 338:
stalinis gandidebis Tanxmieri iyo.
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myari saxelmwifos gareSe dRevandeli
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`mrisxane batonSi~ Cans, rom cxovre
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jojoxeTuri meqanizmia mowesrigebuli
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gansazRvros Tavisi msoflmxedveloba,
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ilias formula Cvens droSi dasavluri
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