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zigmund froidis fsiqoanalizi 1

zigmund froidis<br />

fsiqoanalizi<br />

1

I.<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> <strong>Sesavali</strong><br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> Sesaxeb<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> warmoSobisa da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb. – isteria. – doqtor<br />

breieris SemTxveva. – “saubriT mkurnaloba”. simptomebis warmoqmna fsiqikuri<br />

travmebidan gamomdinare. simptomebi rogorc mogonebebis simboloebi. – fiqsacia<br />

travmebze. – isteriuli konversia. – fsiqikis gaoreba. hipnoiduri mdgomareobani.<br />

SesavalSi froidi xazs usvams rom Tuki <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> warmoSoba saerTod<br />

warmoadgens damsaxurebas, es misi damsaxureba ar aris. TviT froidi ar iyo<br />

CarTuli pirvelad wamowyebebSi, es iyo ioseb breieris, venis eqimis meTodi,<br />

romelmac pirvelad is gamoiyena erT-erTi isteriiT daavadebuli pacienti gogonas<br />

mkurnalobisas (1880-1882 wlebSi), maSin froidi studenti iyo da mxolod<br />

mogvianebiT gamoaqveyna breierTan erToblivi naSromi “isteriis kvleva”, ufro<br />

swored breierma gamoaqveyna es naSromi froidTan erTad.<br />

breieris pacienti, 21 wlis gogona, romelic sakmaod niWieri iyo, ori wlis<br />

ganmavlobaSi itanjeboda gansxvavebuli saxis fizikuri da sulieri<br />

moSlilobebiT, rasac Zalian seriozuli saxe qonda. mas qonda orive marjvena<br />

kiduris spastiuri paraliCi rasac mgrZnobelobis dakargva axlda Tan, erT dros<br />

msgavsi darRveva orive marcxena kidurisac, Tvalebis moZraobis moSlilobani da<br />

mxedvelobis gansxvavebuli saxis naklulovanebani, Tavis daWeris / Weris<br />

siZneleebi, Zlieri nerviuli xvela, sakvebis miRebisadmi siZulvili; ramodenime<br />

kviris ganmavlobaSi, miuxedavad didi wyurvilisa, mas ar qonda arafris dalevis<br />

survili; metyvelebis darRvevebi, imdenad Zlieri, rom man dakarga sakuTar<br />

mSobliur enaze saubrisa da misi gagebis unari. sabolood, misi mdgomareoba<br />

sruliad bodviTi iyo, pirovnebis cvlileba mimdinareobda, razec froidi<br />

mogvianebiT apirebs yuradRebis gamaxvilebas.<br />

froidi varaudobs, rom rodesac mkiTxvels esmis msgavsi daavadebis Sesaxeb<br />

misi varaudia is, rom pacients tvinis mZime daavadeba Wirs, romelic saerTod aRar<br />

eqvemdebareba mkurnalobas. xolo rodesac janmrTelobis msgavsi suraTi SeimCneva<br />

axalgazrda pirovnebis SemTxvevaSi, romelsac sruliad janmrTeli guli da<br />

Tirkmelebi aqvs da romelmac Zalian Zlieri sulieri travma miiRo da Tuki<br />

calkeuli simptomebi ar ganicdian iseT cvlilebas romelic mosalodneli iyo,<br />

maSin SesaZlebelia ukve eqimma ifiqros rom saqme ise mZimed ar aris rogorc es<br />

Cans. maSin eqimebis mtkicebiT ukve saqme gvaqvs ara tvinis organul daavadebasTan,<br />

aramed im idumal mdgomareobasTan, romelsac berZnuli medicinis droidan<br />

isteriis saxelwodeba aqvs da romelsac SeuZlia mTeli rigi mZime daavadebebis<br />

simulireba moaxdinos. am SemTxvevaSi eqimebi Tvlian rom sicocxles safrTxe ar<br />

emuqreba da sruli gamojanmrTeleba savsebiT SesaZlebelia.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom pacienti daavadda sayvareli mamis movlis periodSi,<br />

es ukanaskneli SemdgomSi gardaicvala, magram es ukve moxda mas Semdeg rac<br />

gogonas mouwia misi zrunvis mitoveba sakuTari daavadebidan gamomdinare.<br />

mkurnalobis garTulebis gamo, istoriis diagnozis SemTxveva eqimisaTvis<br />

viTarebis gamartivebas ar warmoadgens, piriqiT arTulebs. isteriiT daavadebulis<br />

mimarT eqimi nakleb TanagrZnobas gamoxatavs, vinaidan ukanaskneli ar itanjeba<br />

imdenad, ramdenadac es xdeba organuli daavadebis SemTxvevaSi, Tumca mas gaaCnia<br />

pretenzia imisa, rom swored iseve itanjeba rogorc organulad daavadebuli.<br />

miuxedavad imisa, rom organuli daavadebebis Sesaxeb eqims ufro meti cnobebi<br />

gaaCnia diletantTan SedarebiT, isteriis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebeli iTqvas, rom<br />

eqims swored imdeni esmis ramdenic diletants. misTvis sruliad gaugebaria<br />

isteria.<br />

froidi axdens axsna-ganmartebas imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom isteriiT<br />

daavadebulni ar iwveven simpatias eqimebSi, vinaidan is maT ganixilavs rogorc<br />

2

pirebs, vinc maTi mecnieruli codna Seuracxyo, vinc simulirebas axdens da<br />

gadametebiT warmoaCens Tavis Sinagan “rTul” mdgomareobas.<br />

breieri ar imsaxurebs amgvari tipis gankiTxvas Tavisi pacientis mxridan. igi<br />

Tavisi pacientis mimarT didi simpatiiTa da interesiT ganewyo, miuxedavad imisa,<br />

rom Tavdapirvelad ar icoda rogor SeiZleboda daxmareboda mas.<br />

breieris mier aRniSnuli iyo, rom absansis fsiqikuri gaurkvevlobis<br />

mdgomareobaSi avadmyofi raRac sityvebs warmoTqvamda. eqimma Txova mas<br />

daemaxsovrebina es sityvebi da Semdeg ki hipnotur mdgomareobaSi gadaiyvana<br />

avadmyofi da gaumeora es sityvebi, ramac gamoiwvia im mdgomareobis asaxva<br />

avadmyofis mier, romelSic is vardeboda absansis dros. es iyo Zalian Rrma<br />

sevdiani fantaziebi, zogierT SemTxvevaSi poeturi da lamazi, rac ZiriTadad<br />

iwyeboda gogonas mamis sasTumalTan yofnis aRweriT. rodesac pacienti yveboda am<br />

fantaziebis Sesaxeb misi mdgomareoba gaumjobesebisaken midioda, is TiTqos da<br />

Tavisufldeboda raRacisagan da ubrundeboda normalur sulier cxovrebas.<br />

amgvari mdgomareoba mravali saaTis ganmavlobaSi grZeldeboda, magram mas Tan<br />

sdevda gaurkvevlobis mdgomareobis Setevac, romelic imave saxis gamonaTqvamis<br />

Semdeg isev icvleboda dadebiTad. TviTon avadmyofma am mkurnalobis axal xerxs<br />

“talking cure” – “saubriT mkurnaloba” daarqva. an xumrobiT mas uwodebda xolme<br />

“Chimney sweeping” – “buxris gawmendas”.<br />

male TiTqos da SemTxveviT aRmoCnda rom msgavsi sulieri ganwmendiT<br />

SesaZlebelia ufro metis miRweva, vidre cnobierebis moSlilobis droebiT<br />

gankurnebas. Tuki afeqtis gamoxatulebis mqone avadmyofi hipnozSi ixsenebda Tu ra<br />

mizeziT da rasTan dakavSirebiT Camouyalibda mas cnobili simptomebi, maSin<br />

SesaZlebelia am simptomebis sruli gaqarwyelba momxdariyo. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

moxerxda avadmyofis wylis dalevisadmi arsebuli siZulvilis gankurneba, es<br />

SegrZneba masSi imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom zafxulSic ki is wyurvils mxolod<br />

xilis WamiT ikmayofilebda. man hipnozSi gaixsenda Tu rogor sZulda erTi<br />

ingliseli qali da rom masSi gansakuTrebuli siZulvili gamoiwvia misi patara<br />

ZaRlis mier Wiqidan wylis lokvis faqtma. am mogonebis hipnozSi warmoTqmis<br />

Semdgom avadmyofma gaiRviZa mis tuCebTan mitanli WiqiT xelSi. da es siZulvili<br />

mas Semdeg sruliad gauqra.<br />

breierma daiwyo sxva simptomebis paTogenezis Seswavlac. TiTqmis yvela<br />

simptomi warmoadgenda narCens, naleqs im afeqturi gancdebisa romelsac<br />

mogvianebiT froidi ambobs rom Cven vuwodeTo “fsiqikuri travmebio”. es<br />

simptomebi iyvenen determinirebuli garkveuli scenebiT, isini warmoadgendnen am<br />

scenebis Sesaxeb arsebul mogonebebs. Tumca aRsaniSnavia, rom erTi romelime<br />

gancda aucileblad ki ar iwvevda romelime simptoms, aramed msgavs zemoqmedebas<br />

metwilad axdendnen mravalricxovani, xSir SemTxvevaSi msgavsi travmebi. mTeli am<br />

paTogenuri mogonebebis jaWvi froidis sityvebiT unda yofiliyo gaxsenebuli<br />

bolodan dawyebuli – pirvel rigSi yvelaze Zveli mogoneba da bolos<br />

ukanaskneli.<br />

froids moyavs kidev ramodenime magaliTi riTac iZulebulia SeizRudos<br />

programis gamo. breieri yveba, rom misi avadmyofis mxedvelobiTi moSlilobebi<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos Semdegi saxis mizezebis mqone iyvnen: “cremliani TvaliT mamis<br />

sasTumalTan mjdomare avadmyofs esmoda mamis SekiTxva drois Sesaxeb. is<br />

ciferblats gaurkvevlad zedavda da iZulebuli iyo moewia saaTi axlos, ris<br />

gamoc ciferblati Zalian didi Canda (makropsia da strabizmi – сходящееся (SigniT<br />

mimarTuli) sielme); an kidev is cremls ikavebda, rom mamas ar SeemCnia.” yvela<br />

paTogenuri STabeWdileba ukavSirdeba im dros rodesac is uvlida mamas. “erTxel<br />

is iRviZebs SuaRamisas SeSinebuli Tavisi mamis gamo, romelsac cieb-cxeleba<br />

qonda. ojaxi venidan qirurgis molodinSi iyo, romelsac mamisaTvis operacia unda<br />

gaekeTebina. dedam miatova ana, romelic marto unda yofiliyo mamis sasTumalTan<br />

garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi. misi xeli skamis zurgze iyo dasvenebuli. is<br />

fxizel mdgomareobaSi moCvenebas xedavs – kerZod gvels romelic mamis<br />

3

sasTumalisaken kedelze mococavs da apirebs kbenas. SesaZloa misi saxlis ezoSi<br />

gveli arsebobda kidec da gogonas misi eSinoda, rac amJamad halucinaciis<br />

masalad iqca. mas qonda cxovelis dafrTxobis survili, magram is TiTqos da<br />

paralizebul mdgomareobaSi Cavarda. marjvena xeli TiTqos da gaSeSda, man<br />

dakarga mgrZnobeloba. rodesac gogonam daxeda xels misi TiTebi mkvdari Tavebis<br />

mqone gvelebad gadaiqcnen (frCxilebi). mas qonda mcdeloba cxovelis gagdebisa,<br />

magram paralizeba da mgrZnobelobis dakargva asocirda gvelis halucinaciasTan.<br />

rodesac halucinacia gaqra da avadmyofma isurva locva, mas sityvebi daaviwyda,<br />

man verc erTi TavisTvis cnobili en aver gaixsena. Semdeg mas gaaxsenda inglisuri<br />

sabavSvo leqsi, romliTac locva daiwyo. hipnozis mdgomareobaSi am scenis<br />

gaxsenebam gamoiwvia marjvena xelis paraliCis gankurneba.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom isic iyenebda breieris meTods da ixsenebs erT-erTi<br />

misi avadmyofis istorias, romelic gamoscemda tkacuna bgeras, maSin rodesac es<br />

dauSvebeli iyo.<br />

froidi axdens ganzogadebas, romelic misi azriT aris gardauvali aseTi<br />

mokle mimoxilvis SemTxvevaSi. yvelaferi rac CvenTvis aris cnobili SeiZleba<br />

iyos gaerTianebuli erT formulaSi: Cveni isteriuli avadmyofebi itanjebian<br />

mogonebebiT. maTi simptomebi warmoadgenen garkveuli travmatuli gancdebis<br />

Sesaxeb arsebuli mogonebebis narCenebsa da simboloebs. froidi magaliTis saxiT<br />

asaxelebs sxva simboloebis Sedarebebsac. mas moyavs Zeglebisa da monumentebis<br />

mniSvnelovnobis magaliTi da asaxelebs Caring-qross, romelic warmoadgens erTerTi<br />

mefis mier Tavisi gardacvlili dedoflis dasaflavebis ceremonialze<br />

TiToeul gaCerebaze (ceremonialis procesis dros) aRmarTuli goTikuri jvrebis<br />

adgilze agebul Zegls. is asaxavs am samgloviaro procesiis tragizms. is aseve<br />

asaxelebs erT-erT Zegls, romelic mdebareobs london-bridjisagan moSorebiT<br />

dasaxelebiT “monumenti” da 1666 wels momxdari uZlieresi xanZris mogonebas<br />

warmoadgens. es Zeglebi warmoadgenen mogonebas rogorc isteriuli simptomebi; am<br />

SemTxvevaSi froidis azriT Sedareba sruliad marTebulia.<br />

Tumca aqve froidi aRniSnavs, rom ar iqneboda adeqvaturi Tuki romelime<br />

londoneli amJamad dadgeboda Caring-qrosis ZeglTan an monumentTan da daiwyebda<br />

wuxils an samgloviaro procesiasTan dakavSirebiT an kidev didi xnis win momxdar<br />

xanZarTan dakavSirebiT, ris Semdegac londoni kidev ufro brwyinvaled aris<br />

gaSenebuli. Tumca froidi amtkicebs, rom swored msgavsad iqcevian nevrotikebi da<br />

isterikebic, ara marTo imitom, rom isini ixseneben warsul avadmyofur gancdebs,<br />

aramed am gancdebTan afeqturad arian dakavSirebuli; maT ar SeuZliaT warsulis<br />

daviwyeba, ris gamoc uyuradRebod toveben awmyosa da arsebuls. nevrozis erT-erT<br />

umniSvnelovanesad damaxasiaTebel Tvisebas / maxasiaTebels, romelsac metwilad<br />

praqtikuli mniSvneloba gaaCnia, warmoadgens sulieri cxovrebis fiqsacia<br />

paTogenur travmebze.<br />

froidis azriT dakvirvebebidan gamomdinare Zalauneburad Cndeba varaudi<br />

avadmyofobis aRmocenebisa im mizeziT, rom paTogenuri mdgomareobis fonze<br />

ganviTarebul afeqts, normaluri gamosavali qonda dablokili da am Sekavebulma<br />

afeqtebma aranormaluri gamoyeneba / gamosavali / gasavali hpoves. nawilobriv es<br />

afeqtebi rCeboda da amZimebda sulier cxovrebas, nawilobriv ki isini ganicdidnen<br />

ucnaur sxeulebriv inervaciebs da Sekavebebs, romlebic warmoadgendnen mocemuli<br />

SemTxvevis sxeulebriv simptomebs. am ukanaskneli SemTxvevis Sesaxeb froidi<br />

iyenebs termins “isteriuli konversia”.<br />

breieris avadmyofma normalur mdgomareobaSi araferi ar icoda paTogenuri<br />

scenebisa da maTi simptomebTan arsebuli kavSiris Sesaxeb. man daiviwya es scenebi<br />

an sruliad dakarga maTi paTogenuri kavSiri. rodesac is hipnozis zemoqmedebis<br />

qveS iyo, sakmaod didi Zalisxmevis fasad iyo SesaZlebeli misi mexsierebis<br />

gaRviZeba da mexsierebis amuSavebis Sedegad es simptomebi qreboda.<br />

hipnoturi movlenebis Seswavlis meoxebiT Cven SevegueT iseT mosazrebas,<br />

romlis Tanaxmadac erTsa da imave individuumSi SesaZloa ramodenime sulieri<br />

4

dajgufebis arseboba, romelTac SeuZliaT sruliad damoukideblad iarsebon<br />

urTierTisagan, SeiZleba ar icodnen araferi erTmaneTis Sesaxeb da drodadro<br />

monacvleobiT batonobdnen cnobierebaSi.<br />

amgvari tipis SemTxvevebi zogierT SemTxvevaSi TavisTavad aRmocendebian.<br />

Tuki pirovnebis gaorebisas / danawevrebisas cnobiereba am mdgomareobaTagan<br />

mxolod erT-erTisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli, maSin am ukanasknels cnobier<br />

sulier mdgomareobas uwodeben, xolo misgan gancalkevebuls – aracnobiers.<br />

aracnobieris cnobierze zemoqmedebis viTarebidan gamomdinare<br />

(posthipnoidur mdgomareobaSi STagonebulis Sesrulebis magaliTi) breierma<br />

wamoayena varaudi, rom isteruli simptomebi aRmocendebian gansakuTrebuli<br />

sulieri mdgomareobis SemTxvevaSi, romelsac is hipnoidurs uwodebs.<br />

II.<br />

Sarkosa da Janes kvlevebi. – teqnikis cvlileba. – hipnozisagan uaryofa. –<br />

gandevna da winaaRmdegoba. – gandevnis magaliTi. – simptomebis warmoqmna<br />

Seumdgari gandevnis SemTxvevaSi. – <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mizani.<br />

swored im periodSi rodesac breieri Tavis pacientTan atarebda talking<br />

cure-s, Sarkom parizSi, salpetrierSi daiwyo isterikosebis kvleva, ramac<br />

avadmyofobis Sesaxeb axali cnobebi moitana.<br />

froidisa da breieris azriT maTi avadmyofebis paTogenuri gancdebi,<br />

fsiqikuri travmebi gaigivebuli iyo im sxeulebriv travmebTan, romelTa<br />

zemoqmedebac isteriul paraliCebze ikvlia da daadgina Sarkom.<br />

breieriseuli debuleba hipnoidur mdgomareobebTan dakavSirebiT aris im<br />

faqtis asaxva, rom Sarko xelovnurad axdenda hipnozSi travmatuli paraliCebis<br />

xelaxal gamowvevas.<br />

es udidesi frangi damkvirvebeli frodis siyvebiT ar iyo midrekili<br />

fsiqologiuri nagebobebisadmi, magram misi mowafe Jane isteriis dros<br />

gansakuTrebuli sulieri fsiqikuri procesebis ufro siRrmiseul wvdomas<br />

cdilobda, isinic (froidi da breieri) mis magaliTs miyvebodnen, rodesac<br />

nagebobebis centrSi fsiqikis gaoreba da pirovnebis ganxeTqileba daayenes.<br />

Janes isteriis Teoria iziarebs safrangeTSi gabatonebul azrebs<br />

STamomavlobasa da degeneraciasTan dakavSirebiT. misi azriT isteria warmoadgens<br />

nervuli sistemis degeneratiuli cvlilebis garkveul formas, romelic fsiqikuri<br />

sinTezis andayolil sisusteSi mdgomareobs. isterikosebs ar gaaCniaT pirveladi<br />

unari gansxvavebuli fsiqikuri procesebis dakavSirebisa erT mTlianobaSi, aqedan<br />

gamomdinare maT gaaCniaT midrekileba sulieri disociaciisadmi.<br />

isterikosebis sisuste cud SesabamisobaSia im garemoebasTan rom<br />

Sromisunarianobis daqveiTebis gamovlinebas Tan erTvis Sromisunarianobis<br />

nawilobrivi amaRlebis SemTxvevac. breieris pacientis SemTxvevaSi mis mier sxva<br />

enebis daviwyebis SemTxvevaSi inglisuris srulyofili flobis magaliTi.<br />

rodesac froidma breieris mier dawyebuli kvlevebi gamoiyena mas<br />

gansxvavebuli Sexeduleba Camouyalibda isteriul disociaciasTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

msgavsi uTanxmoeba aucileblad unda aRmocenebuliyo vinaidan froidi<br />

xelmZRvanelobda ara laboratoriuli gamokvlevebiT, rogorc Jane, aramed<br />

Terapiuli ZalisxmeviT.<br />

vinaidan katartikuli meTodi moiTxovda avadmyofis hipnotur mdgomareobaSi<br />

moyvanas, xolo hipnozi froidisaTvis gaxda arasasiamovno rogorc капризное da mistiuri<br />

saSualeba da rodesac gamocdilebam mas aCvena rom avadmyofebis umravlesobasTan<br />

es SeuZlebelia, froidma gadawyvita mienebebina Tavi hipnozisaTvis da<br />

katartikuli mkurnaloba misgan damoukideblad eqcia. am SemTxvevaSi froidi<br />

bernhaimis magaliTs iyenebs. rodesac avamdyofebTan erTad froidi im punqtamde<br />

midioda, sadac isini amtkicebdnen rom araferi aRar ician, froidi amtkicebda da<br />

arwmunebda maT, rom swored is mogoneba iqneba swori, romelic maT TavSi mouvaT<br />

5

maSin rodesac froidi Sublze xels daadebT. amgvarad froidi igebda yvelafers<br />

rac iyo saWiro daviwyebul paTogenur scenebsa da maT Semdgom darCenil<br />

simptomebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebis damyarebisaTvis. magram misive sityvebiT es<br />

iyo Zalian damRleli da araefeqturi procedura.<br />

Tumca man ar miatova es meTodi, sanam garkveuli saxis daskvnebamde ar<br />

mivida. froidi amtkicebs rom daviwyebuli mogonebebi ar gamqrala. avamdyofi jer<br />

kidev flobda am mogonebebs da isini mzad iyvnen asociaciuri kavSiris<br />

damyarebisaTvis imasTan rac avadmyofma ukve icis, magram garkveuli Zala<br />

ewinaaRmdegeboda imas, rom isini gacnobierebuliyvnen da aiZulebda maT isev<br />

aracnobierSi darCeniliyvnen. am Zalis arseboba SeiZleboda savsebiT<br />

dadasturebuliyo, vinaidan misTvis damaxasiaTebeli daZabulobis SegrZneba<br />

SesaZlebeli iyo gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac mis sapirispirod aracnobieri<br />

mogonebebis cnobierSi gadatanis mcdeloba mimdinareobs. SesaZlebeli iyo im<br />

Zalis SegrZneba romelic avadmyofur mdgomareobas inarCunebda, es iyo avamdyofis<br />

winaaRmdegoba.<br />

swored winaaRmdegobis ideaze dafuZnebiT aago froidma Tavisi warmodgena<br />

isteriisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli fsiqikuri procesebis gageba.<br />

gamojanmrTelebisaTvis aucilebeli aRmoCnda am winaaRmdegobis ganadgureba. igive<br />

Zalebi rac amjerad ewinaaRmdegebian daviwyebulis cnobierSi gadasvlas, Tavis<br />

droze es daviwyeba ganapirobes da gandevnes cnobieridan Sesabamisi paTogenuri<br />

gancdebi. am savaraudo process froidma uwoda gandevna da ganixilavda mas<br />

rogorc damtkicebuls winaaRmdegobis udavo arsebobis Tanaxmad.<br />

froidi saubrobs xanmokle konfliqtis Sesaxeb romelic aRmocendeba yvela<br />

am gancdidan gamomdinare warmoSobili survilebis Sesaxeb, es survilebi ki<br />

xSirad ewinaaRmdegebian erTmaneTs da warmoiSoba xanmokle konfliqti. am Sinagani<br />

brZolis Sedegs warmoadgens is, rom am Seusabamo survilis matarebeli<br />

warmodgena cnobierebidan gandevnas eqvemdebareba yvela misTvis damaxasiaTebeli<br />

mogonebebis TanxlebiT.<br />

froids aseve moyavs erT-erTi Tavisi pacientis magaliTi, romelic sakuTari<br />

siZisadmi aris siyvaruliT aRsavse da gardacvlili dis sasTumalTan gaifiqrebs:<br />

“ai exla ki mas SeuZlia momiyvanos colad, Tavisufalia.” da romelsac Semdeg<br />

emarTeba isteriuli Seteva da avad xdeba.<br />

froids moyavs umartivesi magaliTi gandevnis meqanizmisa da adarebs mas<br />

leqciis msvlelobas, romlis drosac xmauriani individi “gandevnilia”<br />

auditoriidan da is ori pirovneba vinc is gandevna karebTan sxdebian da misTvis<br />

“winaaRmdegobas” qmnian auditoriaSi xelmeored SemoRwevis dabrkolebis saxiT.<br />

Tuki fsiqologiis terminebiT sivrce auditoriis SigniT da gareT moiazreba<br />

cnobierebiTa da aracnobieriT, maSin sruliad naTlad iqneba Semqnili gandevnis<br />

procesis gamosaxuleba.<br />

swored amaSi mdgomareobs froidiseuli fsiqikis ganxeTqilebisa da Janes<br />

Sexedulebebs Soris. ara sinTezis Tandayolili ukmarisobiT sulieri aparatis<br />

mxridan, aramed es ganxeTqileba aixsneba dinamiurad, rogorc<br />

urTierTdapirispirebuli sulieri Zalebis konfliqti.<br />

froidi miiCnevs warumateblad breieris pacientis SemTxvevis ganxilvas<br />

rogorc gandevnis faqtisa. avadmyofobis es istoria miRebulia hipnoturi<br />

zemoqmedebiT, amitom amisaTvis ar gamodgeba. froidis sityvebiT mxolod maSin<br />

rodesac hipnozi iqneba gamoricxuli SesaZlebelia winaaRmdegobisa da gandevnis<br />

SemCneva da iqneba miRebuli namdvilad marTebuli warmodgena paTogenur<br />

procesTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

yvelaze faseuli, rac aris miRebuli breieriseuli dakvirvebidan, es aris<br />

daskvnebi simptomebisa da paTogenuri gancdebTan an fsiqikur travmebTan arsebuli<br />

kavSirebis Sesaxeb da es kavSiri unda Sefasdes gandevnis gadmosaxedidan.<br />

isterikosebisa da sxva nevrotikebis kvlevas mivyavarT daskvnamde, rom maT<br />

ver SeZles im ideis gandevna romelsac ukavSirdeba Seusabamo survilis arseboba.<br />

6

maT gandevnes is cnobierebidan da mexsierebidan, riTac ufro meti raodenobis<br />

usiamovnebisagan daizRvies Tavi, magram aracnobierSi gandevnli survili<br />

ganagrZobs arsebobas da elodeba im pirvel SesaZleblobas rodesac misi<br />

gaaqtiureba iqneba dasaSvebi da cnobierSi gagzavnli iqneba damaxinjebuli,<br />

sruliad saxeSecvlili moadgile.<br />

gandevnilis Semcvleli warmodgena – simptomi – ganTavisuflebulia<br />

momdevno Tavdasxmebisagan romelic Cveulebriv mes mxridan xorcieldeba da<br />

xanmokle konfliqtis nacvlad usasrulo gancda iwyeba da isadgurebs.<br />

III.<br />

amocnobis teqnika avadmyofis Tavisuflad aRmocenebad azrebze dayrdnobiT.<br />

– arapirdapiri gamosaxuleba / asaxva. – <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> ZiriTadi wesi / kanoni. –<br />

asociaciuri eqsperimenti. – sizmrebis ganmarteba. – sizmrebSi survilebis<br />

asruleba. – sizmris muSaoba / moqmedeba. – SecdomiTi, simptomatiuri da<br />

SemTxveviTi qmedebani. – winaaRmdegoba <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mimarT.<br />

froidi ixsenebs imas, rom rodesac man uaryo hipnozi, gadawyvita gahyoloda<br />

avadmyofis Tavisuflad aRmocenebad azrebs, rac TavisTavad mogonebis daviwyebul<br />

gagrZelebas warmoadgens. gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba am SemTxvevaSi eniWeba TavSi<br />

pirvelad mosul azrs. magram amgvari ram xdeba mxolod analizis dasawyisSi,<br />

rodesac aRmocendeba is rasac daJinebiT moiTxovs TviTon froidi. amgvari ram<br />

SesaZlebelia iTqvas mxolod dasawyisze, SemdgomSi ukve marTebuli azrebi aRar<br />

aRmocendebian da TviT pacientebic uaryofen maT WeSmaritebas.<br />

froidis mosazrebiT, Tuki avadmyofs aRmoucendeba raime azri, is ver iqneba<br />

daviwyebuli warmodgenis identuri. es faqti aixsneba avadmyofis sulieri<br />

mdgomareobidan gamomdinare. avadmyofSi mkurnalobisas moqmedebs ori Zala,<br />

romelic erTmaneTis sapirispiroa: erTis mxriv misi cnobieri swrafva rom<br />

gaixsenos daviwyebuli, xolo meores mxriv – CvenTvis cnobili winaaRmdegoba,<br />

romelic dabrkolebas uqmnis gandevnils an misi ganmapirobebeli faqtorebis<br />

cnobierSi dabrunebas. Tuki es winaaRmdegoba nols utoldeba, an Zalian<br />

umniSvneloa, maSin daviwyebuli yovelgvari damaxinjebis gareSe aRmocendeba<br />

cnobierebaSi; Tuki winaaRmdegoba mniSvnelovania, maSin unda aRiniSnos rom<br />

gandevnili imdenad ganicdis damaxinjebas ramdenad Zlieric aris misi<br />

gacnobierebis winaaRmdegoba. is azri romelic aRmocendeba avadmyofSi, TavisTavad<br />

yalibdeba simptomis saxiT: es aris gandevnilis axali, xelovnuri, efemeruli<br />

Canacvleba. ramdenadac ufro Zlieria damaxinjeba winaaRmdegobis zewolidan<br />

gamomdinare, Sesabamisad naklebia msgavseba aRmocenebad azrs – gandevnilis<br />

Canacvlebas da TviT gandevnils Soris.<br />

SemTxveviTi azri gandevnil azrs unda ukavSirdebodes rogorc miniSneba.<br />

msgavsi kavSiri SeimCneva azrTa gadmocemaSi arapirdapiri saubrisas.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froids xumrobis agebulebis teqnika moyavs magaliTad. erT<br />

erT inglisur xumrobas ixsenebs.<br />

намёк с пропуском .<br />

froidi ixsenebs anekdots, ori mzakvris Sesaxeb, vinc TavianT protretebs<br />

SeukveTavs Zvirad Rirebul mxatvrebs da Semdeg kritikoss xalxiT savse darbazSi<br />

azris gamoTqmas sTxoven. is Tavs iqnevs da iZaxis “ki magram sad aris macxovari?”<br />

swored msgavsi kostelacia warmoadgens im mizezs, rom pacienti daviwyebuli<br />

mosaZiebeli masalis nacvlad ixsenebs metnaklebad damaxinjebul Canacvlebas.<br />

froidi amtkicebs rom sruliad marTebulia erTi afeqtiT dakavSirebul<br />

warmodgenaTa jgufs vuwodoT “kompleqsi”, ciurixis skolis magaliTze<br />

dayrdnobiT (bleileri da iungi da a. S.). froidi amodis im mosazrebidan, rom<br />

Tuki gandevnili kompleqsis ZiebaSi daveyrdnobiT im ukanasknel mosazrebas,<br />

romelsac gamoTqvams avadmyofi, SesaZlebelia viqonioT imedi daviwyebuli<br />

kompleqsis moZiebisa, Tuki avadmyofi azrebis dinebaSi am Tavisufal azrTa sakmao<br />

7

aodenobas iZleva. swored amitom eZleva avadmyofs SesaZlebloba isaubros<br />

yvelaferze rac ki mas TavSi mouva. am SemTxvevaSi fsiqoTeraoevti eyrdnoba<br />

Tvalsazriss, rom avadmyofs SesaZlebelia TavSi mouvides mxolod is, rac<br />

arapirdapir kavSirSia mosaZiebel kompleqsTan. froidi darwmunebulia rom es<br />

aris erTaderTi saSualeba miviwyebuli / dakarguli kompleqsis moZiebisaTvis.<br />

Tuki avadmyofi Cumdeba da amtkicebs rom mas TavSi araferi ar mosdis,<br />

froidi Tvlis rom es aris winaaRmdegobis SeniRbuli moqmedeba, imitom rom ufro<br />

meti dakvirveba dagvarwmunebs azrTa msvlelobis Sewyvetis SeuZleblobaSi. es<br />

SeniRbuli winaaRmdegoba zogierT SemTxvevaSi gamoixateba TavSi mosuli azris<br />

mimarT kritikul damokidebulebasa da mis mniSvnelovnobaze orWofobaSi.<br />

fsiqoTerapevti Tavs icavs msgavsi SemTxvevebisagan – is avadmyofs am<br />

SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb winaswar afrTxilebs da moiTxovs rom azrebis mimarT<br />

kritikuli damokidebuleba gamoiricxos. man unda isaubros yvelaferze. am wesis<br />

Tanaxmad fsiqoTerapevti uzrunvelyofs sakuTar Tavs im masaliT, romelic<br />

aucileblad miiyvans mas gandevnili kompleqsebis kvalamde.<br />

es aris azrTa masala, rasac avamdyofi ar afasebs da risganac Tavs aRwevs,<br />

Tuki is ara eqimis, aramed winaaRmdegobis zemoqmedebis qveS imyofeba. es azrTa<br />

masala fsiqoanalitikosisaTvis warmoadgens jarTs, romlisaganac man axsna<br />

ganmartebis ostatobaze dayrdnobiT Zvirfasi liToni unda gamoadnos. Tuki<br />

fsiqoanalitikoss aqvs survili avadmyofisagan misi kompleqsebis Sesaxeb swrafi<br />

winaswari cnobebi moipovos, am kompleqsebs Soris arsebuli urTierTkavSirebis<br />

gamocnobis dawyebamde, amisaTvis fsiqoTerapevts SeuZlia gamoiyenos<br />

asociaciuri eqsperimenti. (iseTive saxiT, rogorc is aris warmodegnili<br />

iungisa da misi mowafeebis mier).<br />

es meTodi froidma Seadara iseTive Sedegs rogorsac iZleva qimikosisaTvis<br />

xarisxobrivi analizi. aqve froidi aRniSnavs, rom nevrotikebis mkurnalobisas<br />

SegviZlia ar gamoviyenoT es meTodi, magram is aucilebelia kompleqsebis<br />

obieqturi demonstraciisaTvis, aseve fsiqozebis kvlevisas.<br />

magram azrebis damuSaveba aracnobieris kvlevis erTaderT teqnikas ar<br />

warmoadgens. amave mizans emsaxureba kidev sxva ori saSualebac: avadmyofis<br />

sizmrebis axsna-ganmarteba da mcdari da SemTxveviTi qmedebebis gamoyenebac.<br />

froidi gansakuTrebulad aRniSnavs sizmrebis ganmartebisa da analizis<br />

udides mniSvnelobas aracnobieris kvlevis teqnikebs Soris. sizmrebis ganmarteba<br />

warmoadgens samefo gzas aracnobieris Secnobisaken.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom Ramis sizmrebis produqtebi warmoadgenen erTis mxriv<br />

yvelaze udides garegan msgavsebas da Sinagan kavSirs sulieri avadmyofobis<br />

simptomebTan, meores mxriv isini sruliad Seesabamebian Cvens jansaR cxovrebas.<br />

froidi darwmunebulia rom sruliad sworia is mosazreba, rom visac ar esmis<br />

sizmrebi, “halucinaciebi”, bodviTi ideebi da xasiaTis cvlilebani, mas ar unda<br />

qondes pretenzia avadmyofuri mdgomareobis gamovlinebis gagebaze. am saxis<br />

diletantebs is miakuTvnebs fsiqiatrebs.<br />

froidi axdens sizmrebis problemis zedapirul analizs.<br />

Cveulebriv gamoRviZebisTanave Cven iseTive qedmaRluri damokidebuleba<br />

gvaqvs Cveni sizmrebis mimarT, rogoric aaqvT avamyofebs im SemTxveviTi azrebis<br />

mimarT, romlebic esoden esaWiroeba fsiqoanalitikoss. xSir SemTxvevaSi xdeba<br />

sizmrebis ugulvebelyofa da daviwyeba. msgavsi dabali Sefaseba ukavSirdeba<br />

sizmrebis uCveulo xasiaTs da im absurdulobasa da uazrobas rac zogierT<br />

sizmars axasiaTebs. Cveni zizRi aseve gamowveulia miswrafebebis ganuzomeli<br />

znedacemulobisagan rac vlindeba sizmrebSi saaSkaraod. Tumca Zvel droSi<br />

siamrebis mimarT ar iyo aseTi zizRiani damokidebuleba.<br />

Tumca froidi ver poulobs verafers iseTs ramac SesaZlebelia daamtkicos<br />

sizmrebis winaswarmetyveluri mniSvneloba. maT Sesaxeb bevri sxva ram SeiZleba<br />

iTqvas rac sakmaod gasaocari SeiZleba iyos aseve.<br />

8

pirvelyovlisa froidi aRniSnavs, rom yvela sizmari ar aris CvenTvis esoden<br />

ucxo da gaugebari. mas magaliTis saxiT moyavs bavSvebis sizmrebi, romlebic<br />

warmoadgenen survilebis Sesrulebas, im survilebisa rac bavSvs wina dRes gaCenia.<br />

bavSvebis sizmrebi ar saWiroeben ganmartebas.<br />

zrdasrulTa SemTxvevaSi ki sruliad sapirispirod, sizmrebis Sinaarsi<br />

Zalian gaugebaria da ar warmoadgens survilebis asrulebis asaxvas. am sakiTxze<br />

pasuxi Semdegi saxisaa, sizmrebma damaxinjeba ganicades; maT safuZvelSi mdebare<br />

fsiqikuri procesi, sruliad gansxvavebul sityvier gamoxatulebas poulobs.<br />

aucilebelia sizmris aSkara Sinaarsis gamijvna sizmris faruli<br />

azrebisagan. aSkara Sinaarsi romelsac sityvierad sakmaod didi siZneleebiT<br />

warmosTqvamT diliT da sizmris faruli azri, romelic fsiqikuri aracnobieris<br />

sferoSi imyofeba. sizmrebis amgvari damaxinjebac aris igive procesi, romelsac<br />

gavecaniT isteriuli simptomebis warmoqmnis kvlevisas. es procesi miuTiTebs<br />

imaze, rom sizmrebis warmoqmnisas adgili aqvs sulieri Zalebis iseTive brZolas,<br />

rogorc simptomebis warmoqmnisas. sizmrebis Sinaarsi aris aracnobieri azrebis<br />

damaxinjebuli Canacvleba da swored es damaxinjeba aris mes damcavi Zalebis<br />

amoqmedeba, anu im winaaRmdegobis romelic fxizlobisas gandevnil azrebs /<br />

survilebs cnobierSi SeRwevis SesaZleblobas saerTod ar aZlevs.<br />

imisaTvis rom davrwmundeT sizmrebis faruli azrebis namdvil arsebobaSi<br />

da aseve rom maTsa da aSkara Sinaarss Soris aris garkveuli kavSiri,<br />

SesaZlebelia sizmrebis analizze dayrdnobiT, romlis meTodika fsiqoanalitikur<br />

meTodikas ukavSirdeba. unda gamoiricxos elementebis yovelgvari moCvenebiTi<br />

kavSirebi da unda iyos Sekrebili SemTxveviTi azrebi, romlebic aRmocendebian<br />

Tavisufali asocirebisas sizmris TiToeul elementTan dakavSirebiT. amave dros<br />

unda iyos daculi <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mTavari wesi. am masalidan faruli azrebis<br />

Sesaxebs cnobebs moipovebT iseve rogorc es xdeba avadmyofis azrebis<br />

SemTxvevaSic, romlis azrebic mis simptomebs da mogonebebs ukavSirdebian, Cven<br />

vigebT misi faruli kompleqsebis Sesaxeb. amgvari gziT mopovebuli azrebis<br />

Sedegad, Tqven mixvdebiT Tu ramdenad marTeblia zrdasrulTa sizmrebic<br />

ganixilebodnen bavSvebis sizmrebis Tanaxmad. is rac aRmoCndeba aSkara Sinaarsis<br />

adgilze sizmris namdvili azris saxiT, warmoadgens ganvlili dRis ganmavlobaSi<br />

Seusrulebeli survilis asrulebas. sizmris namdvili Sinaarsi romelic<br />

gaxsendebaT gamoRviZebisas, SesaZlebelia iyos gansazRvruli rogorc gandevnili<br />

survilebis SeniRbuli asruleba.<br />

am process froidi uwodebs “sizmris muSaobis / moqmedebis” process.<br />

cnobieri da aracnobieri procesebis garda froidi gamoyofs Sededebisa da<br />

daZvris procesebs (сгущение и смещение ). sizmris moqmedeba aris gansxvavebuli fsiqikuri<br />

dajgufebebis urTierTzemoqmedebis calkeuli SemTxveva, sxva sityvebiT – fsiqikis<br />

gaxleCis calkeulis SemTxvevis Sedegi.<br />

amave dros sizmrebis analizisas, gansakuTrebiT sakuTari sizmrebisa,<br />

waawydebiT aRmoCenas: adamianis ganviTarebisas udidesi roli eniWeba<br />

STabeWdilebebsa da SegrZnebebs romelic bavSvs ganucdia adreul asakSi.<br />

sizmrebis samyaroSi bavSvi agrZelebs arsebobas zrdasrulSi Tavisi<br />

gansakuTrebulobebisa da survilebis SenarCunebiT.<br />

amave dros froidi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas aqcevs imas, rom aracnobieri<br />

iyenebs garkveuli saxis simbolikas, gansakuTrebiT es exeba seqsualuri<br />

kompleqsebis asaxvas, romelic nawilobriv individualurad gansxvavdeba, xolo<br />

nawilobriv ki Seesabameba im simbolikas romelis gamoiyeneba Cvens miTebsa da<br />

zRaprebSi.<br />

froidi aseve aRniSnavs SiSis momgvreli sizmrebis arsebobas da im faqts<br />

rom am SemTxvevaSic sizmari Cveni gandevnili survilis asaxvas warmoadgens.<br />

nevrotuli SiSis safuZveli aris swored is reaqcia, romelic aRmocendeba mes<br />

mier mZlavri survilebis gandevnis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

9

sizmrebis ganmartebis ganxilvis Semdgom froidi gadadis sulieri<br />

fenomenebis mesame jgufze, romelTa Seswavlac aseve warmoadgens<br />

fsiqoanalitikur saSualebas.<br />

es aris SecdomiTi / mcdari qmedebebi, rogorc sulierad jansaRi, aseve<br />

nerviuli adamianebis SemTxvevaSic. Cveulebriv msgavs wvrilmanebs ar aniWeben did<br />

mniSvnelobas. amas miekuTvneba magaliTisaTvis imis daviwyeba rac Zalian kargad<br />

unda icodes adamianma, (sakuTari saxelis daviwyeba). froids moyavs iseTi<br />

umniSvnelo magaliTebi rogoricaa wamocdenebi, Secdomebi marTlwerisas, sagnebis<br />

dakargva an gatexva. saubrisas tanisamosis an sxeulis romelime nawiliT TamaSi<br />

da a. S. mokled is wvrilmanebi rasac ar aqceven yuradRebas rogorc wesi.<br />

msgavsi wvrilmanebi, SecdomiTi, simptomatiuri an SemTxveviTi<br />

qmedebani ar arian moklebuli mniSvnelobas. isini yovelTvis savse arian azriT /<br />

SinaarsiT da SesaZlebelia iyvnen Tavisuflad ganmartebuli im situaciebidan<br />

gamomdinare, sadac warmoiSvebian. maTi analizi iwvevs daskvnas, rom es<br />

miswrafebani TavisTavad gamoxataven impusebsa da swrafvebs, romlebic gandevnilia<br />

/ ganridebulia da unda iyvnen dafaruli cnobierisagan, an pirdapir miekuTvnebian<br />

aracnobier survilebsa da kompleqsebs. aqedan gamomdinare isini iseTive Sefasebas<br />

imsaxureben rogorc es simptomebi da maTi Seswavla SesaZlebelia gvaZlevdes<br />

sulieri cxovrebidan gandevnilis Secnobis Sedegs. maTi meSveobiT adamiani Tavis<br />

yvelaze intimur saidumloebebs avlens.<br />

froidi amaxvilebs yuradRebas imaze, rom fsiqoanalitikosi gamoirCeva<br />

sulieri cxovrebis determinirebulobisadmi rwmeniT. misTvis fsiqikur cxovrebaSi<br />

araferi ar warmoadgens wvrilmans, SemTxveviTs an uneblies. is yvelgan<br />

motivirebis amocnobis molodinSia, iqac, sadac amgvari moTxovna SesaZlebelia<br />

arc ki iyos.<br />

froidi aqve aRniSnavs iseTi movlenebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas<br />

(<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> teqnikis TvalsazrisiT) rogoric aris “gadatana”.<br />

IV<br />

seqsualobis eTiologiuri mniSvneloba. – infantiluri seqsualoba. –<br />

siyvarulis amerkeli damkvirvebeli bavSvobis asakSi. – fsiqoanalizebi bavSvebTan.<br />

– autoerotizmis faza. – sqesobrivi cxovrebis saboloo formireba. – nevrozis<br />

kavSiri perversiasTan. – nevrozebis birTvuli kompleqsi. – bavSvis CamoSoreba<br />

mSoblebisagan.<br />

fsiqoanalitikuri kvlevebs avadmyofTa tanjvis simptomebi maTi sasiyvarulo<br />

cxovrebis STabeWdilebebamde dahyavT. es kvlevebi exeba erotiul swrafvebs da<br />

gvaiZuleben vaRiaroT, rom erotikis moSlilobebs miewerebaT gansakuTrebuli<br />

mniSvneloba avadmyofobis gamomwvev faqtorebs Soris, rac orive sqesis<br />

SemTxvevaSia damaxasiaTebeli. (eTiologia – avadmyofofbis mizezebis<br />

Seswavlis mecniereba / kvleva.) froidi aRniSnavs, rom is mkvlevarebic ki vinc<br />

eTanxmebian mas fsiqologiur samuSaoebTan dakavSirebiT, orWofoben seqsualuri<br />

faqtoris mizezobrivobasTan dakavSirebiT avadmyofobis aRmocenebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

da usvamdnen mas (froids) kiTxvas Tu ratom ar SeiZleboda rom gandevnisa da<br />

Canacvlebis mizezad sxva sulieri gancdebi ar yofiliyvnen. razec froidi<br />

pasuxobs, rom winaaRmdegi ar iqneboda rom ase yofiliyo, magram gamocdileba<br />

aCvenebs am motivebis mniSvneloba ar aris iseTive, ufro metic, isini seqsualuri<br />

motivebis moqmedebas exmarebian, magram verasodes ver axdenen maT Canacvlebas.<br />

froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom seqsualuri motivebi yovelTvis<br />

saidumloebiT moculia da pacientebs arasodes ar surT maTi gamxela, isini xSir<br />

SemTxvevaSi styuian, rac zogadad miRebulia kulturul sazogadoebaSi. yvela<br />

cdilobs dafaros sakuTari erotika.<br />

10

Tumca froidi aRniSnavs, rom erTis mxriv simptomebis fsiqoanalitikuri<br />

kvleva ara seqsualur, aramed ubralo banalur travmatul gancdebamde midis.<br />

aucilebeli analitikuri samuSao ar unda SeCerdes avadmyofobis droindel<br />

gancdebze, Tuki miznad aris dasaxuli safuZvliani kvleva da gankurneba. is unda<br />

Seexos sqesobrivi momwifebis periods da SemdgomSi adreuli bavSvobis asaksac,<br />

rom moxdes im STabeWdilebebisa da gancdebis gansazRvra ramac SemdgomSi<br />

avadmyofoba ganapiroba. mxolod da mxolod bavSvobis gancdebi iZlevian Semdgomi<br />

travmebis mimarT mgrZnobelobis axsnas, da mxolod da mxolod am mogonebebis<br />

aRmoCeniTa da gacnobierebiT (es mogonebani xSir SemTxvevaSi daviwyebulia) Cven<br />

movipovebT am simptomebis daZlevis Zalas. am SemTxvevaSi iseTive Sedegs viRebT<br />

rogorc sizmrebis analizisas, - bavSvobidan SemorCenili magram gandevnili<br />

survilebi simptomebis aRmocenebas uwyoben xels. am survilebis gareSe momdevno<br />

travmebze arsebuli reaqcia normalurad warimarTeboda. xolo bavSvobis Zlier<br />

survilebs SesaZlebelia seqsualuri survilebis saxeldeba mivaniWoT.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom bavSvi Tavidanve aris seqsualuri survilebis mflobeli<br />

da anxorcielebs garkvul seqsualur qmedebebsac.<br />

bavSvis seqsualuri instinqti Zalian rTulia; mas axasiaTebs mraval<br />

komponentad daSla, es komponentebi gansxvavebuli wyaroebidan warmoiqmnebian.<br />

upirveles yovlisa, seqsualuri instinqti sruliad ar aris damokidebuli<br />

gamravlebis funqciaze, romlis mizansac is emsaxureba mogvianebiT. is iswrafvis<br />

gansxvavebuli tipis siamovnebebis miRebisaken da miRwevisaken. infantiluri<br />

seqsualobis mTavari wyaro – aris garkveuli saxis gansakuTrebli aRgznebis mqone<br />

sxeulis nawilebis Sesabamisi gaRizianeba, genitaliebis garda, piris, ukana проход , aseve<br />

kanisa da sxva lorwovani garsebis gaRizianebac. vinaidan bavSvobis am fazaSi<br />

dakmayofileba moipoveba sakuTari sxeulis farglebSi, ar aris gverdiTi obieqtis<br />

yolis saWiroeba. am fazas elisis terminiT froidi autoerotiuls eZaxis. kargi<br />

magaliTia wova ToTo bavSvebis SemTxvevaSi. Semdgomi etapia genitaliebis<br />

masturbaciuli gaRizianeba, rac zogierTi individis mier mTeli cxovrebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi ar aris amowuruli. garda am autoerotiuli qmedebebisa, bavSvs<br />

sakmaod adreul asakSi axasiaTebs seqsualuri dakmayofilebis is komponentebic,<br />

rac obieqtis saxiT sxva pirsac saWiroebs. es komponentebi wyvilSi aRmocendebian<br />

da arian rogorc aqtiuri aseve pasiuri saxisac; froidi asaxelebs sadizms – sxva<br />

pirisadmi tkivilis miniWebisagan siamovnebis gancda da mis pasiuri weevils<br />

mazohizmsac. aseve aqtiuri da pasiuri TvalTvalis survili. TvalTvalis aqtiuri<br />

survilidan SemdgomSi aRmocendeba Semecnebis survili, xolo pasiuri formidan<br />

mxatvrisa da artisitis mdgomareobisadmi swrafva / midrekileba. seqsualuri<br />

qmedebis sxva gamovlinebani ukve miekuTvnebian siyvaruli obieqtis arCevans.<br />

amasTanave mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs am SemTxvevaSi sxva piri, rac<br />

pirvelyovlisa ukavSirdeba TviTgadarCenis instinqts. bavSvobis am periodSi<br />

sqesis sxvaoba ar iZens gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas / rols. amgvarad SesaZlebelia<br />

TiToeul bavSvs homoseqsualuri midrekilebac mivaniWoT.<br />

jer kidev pubertatis periodamde, aRzrdis zegavleniT garkveuli saxis<br />

ltolvebis sakmaod energiulad ganidevnebian, maSinve aRmocendebian iseTi<br />

sulieri Zalebi rogoricaa sircxvili, zizRi, morali, rac mcvelis msgavsad<br />

akavebs am gandevnebs. rodesac pubertatis periodSi aRmocendebian sqesobrivi<br />

moTxovnilebebi, gandevnili reaqtiuli warmonaqmnebisa da winaaRmdegobis formas<br />

iZens, rac SeuZleblad aqcevs gandevnili midrekilebebis / moTxovnilebebis<br />

aRdgenas.<br />

zogadi paTologiis mixedviT nebismieri ganviTareba paTologiuri<br />

winaganwyobis Canasaxs atarebs, kerZod, ganviTarebis procesi SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

Sekavebuli, Senelebuli an arasakmarisi. igive ram exeba seqsualuri funqciis<br />

ganviTarebasac. seqsualuri ganviTareba yvela individuumTan mdored ar<br />

mimdinareobs, aramed zogierT SemTxvevaSi tovebs anomaliebs an winaganwyobas<br />

ufro gviandeli avadmyofobisadmi sapirispiro ganviTarebis gziT (regresia).<br />

11

SesaZlebelia moxdes ise, rom yvela ltolva ar daeqvemdebaros genitaluri zonis<br />

upiratesobas; am SemTxvevaSi damoukideblad darCenili komponenti warmoadgens<br />

imas, rasac vuwodebT perversias da ramac SesaZlebelia Secvalos normaluri<br />

seqsualuri mizani sakuTariT. orive sqesis pirveladi erTmniSvnelovnoba aseve<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos garkveuli gavlenis mqone; mowiful asakSi aqedan gamomdinare<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos warmoqmnili homoseqsualuroba. amgvari darRvevebis mTeli<br />

rigi ganapirobebs seqsualuri funqciis ganviTarebis Sekavebas; amas miekuTvnebian<br />

perversiebi da arc ise iSviaTi SemTxveva seqsualuri cxovrebis infantilizmi.<br />

nevrozebisadmi winaswarganwyoba gansxvavebuli saxiT ukavSirdeba sqesobrivi<br />

ganviTarebis darRvevas. nevrozebi ukavSirdebian perversiebs, rogorc pozitivi<br />

negativs. nevrozis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia iyos dadasturebuli iseTive<br />

komponentebis arseboba, rogorc kompleqsebis matareblebisa da simptomebis<br />

warmomqmnelebis, rac SeiniSneba aseve perversiebisas. magram am SemTxvevaSi isini<br />

aracnobierad moqmedeben. fsiqoanalizi aRmoaCens, rom amgvari ltolvebis<br />

gadametebuli gamovlineba adreul asakSi Taviseburi saxis nawilobriv fiqsacias<br />

ganapirobebs, xolo msgavsi fiqsacia warmoadgens sust wertils seqsualuri<br />

funqciis struqturaSi.<br />

froidi aRwers oidiposis kompleqsis mniSvnelobas da bavSvis<br />

damokidebulebasa da ganwyobas misi mSoblebisadmi da aseve garkveul<br />

urTierTganwyobas da-Zmebs Soris. yvelaferi es safuZvels uyris nebismier<br />

nevrozis birTvul kompleqss da froidi Tvlis rom mosalodnelia misi<br />

aRmoceneba sulieri cxovrebis sxva sferoebSic. is paralels avlebs mefe<br />

oidiposisa da Seqspiris hamletis nawarmoebebTan, sadac pirvel SemTxvevaSi<br />

mSobelTa incestis survilis motivi Riad xolo meore SemTxvevaSi ki farulad<br />

aris gamovlenili.<br />

im periodSi, rodesac bavSvi ganicdis birTvuli kompleqsis zemoqmedebas,<br />

romelic jer kidev ar aris gandevnili, misi gonebrivi moqmedebis<br />

umniSvnelovanesi nawili eZRvneba seqsualur kiTxvebs. misi piradi ltolvebis<br />

gavleniT, rac ganasxvavebs bavSvs zrdasrulisagan, is ayalibebs ramodenime<br />

infantilur seqsualur Teorias, sadac orive sqess msgavsi sasqeso organoebi<br />

mieniWeba, Casaxva xdeba sakvebis miRebiT, xolo dabadeba – defekaciis aqtis<br />

meSveobiT. koituss bavSvi aRiqvams rogorc garkveuli saxis mtrul aqts,<br />

Zaladobas.<br />

sruliad normaluria da gardauvali is, rom bavSvi Tavis seqsualur da<br />

sasiyvarulo saobieqtad sakuTar mSoblebs irCevs. Tumca bavSvis CamoSoreba<br />

mSoblebisagan unda warmoadgendes aseve gardauval amocanas imisaTvis, rom<br />

bavSvis socialur mdgomareobas ar emuqrebodes saSiSroeba.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom fsiqoanalitikuri mkurnaloba SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

moazrebuli rogorc momdevno aRmzrdelobiTi samuSao, infantiluri narCenebis<br />

CamoSorebis TvalsazrisiT.<br />

V.<br />

regresia da fantazia. – nevrozi da xelovneba. – gadatana. – gandevnilis<br />

ganTavisuflebis SiSi. – fsiqoanalitikuri samuSaos Sedegebi. – seqsualuri<br />

gandevnis mavne done.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom adamianebi xdebian avad, Tuki maT ar eZlevaT<br />

SesaZlebloba realurad daakmayofilon TavianTi erotiuli moTxovnileba<br />

garegani winaaRmdegobebis an adaptirebis Sinagani ukmarisobis Sedegad. maSin<br />

froidis sityvebiT isini garbian avadmyofobaSi rom amgvarad moipovon<br />

arasakmarisi dakmayofilebis Canacvleba. avadmyofobis simptomebSi vlindeba<br />

avadmyofis seqsualuri qmedebis nawili, an mTeli misi seqsualuri cxovreba. am<br />

simptomebis mTavar tendecias warmoadgens realuri samyarosagan ganrideba, es<br />

12

aris yvelaze didi ziani romelic mieniWeba adamians avadmyofobis Sedegad.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom avadmyofebis winaaRmdegoba gamojanmrTelebisadmi ar aris<br />

martivi, is Sedgeba mravali motivisagan. gamojanmrTelebas ewinaaRmdegeba ara<br />

mxolod avadmyofis me, aramed misi seqsualuri ltolvebic.<br />

daukmayofilebeli realobisagan Tavis daRweva avadmyofobaSi arasodes ar<br />

gamoricxavs avadmyofisaTvis uSualo mogebas siamovnebis TvalsazrisiT. amgvari<br />

Tavis daRweva xorcieldeba sapirispiro ganviTarebis meoxebiT (regresiiT),<br />

seqsualuri cxovrebis ganvlili fazebisadmi dabrunebiT, romlebic Tavis droze<br />

ganapirobebdnen dakmayofilebas. amgvari regresia vlindeba froidis azriT<br />

ormxrivia: pirvelyovlisa es aris droebiTi regresia, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi<br />

rom libido, erotiuli moTxovnileba brundeba ganviTarebis winare fazebze. da<br />

meores mxriv formaluri, romelic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom erotiuli<br />

moTxovnilebis gamovlena Tavs iCens pirvelyofili primitiuli saSualebebiT.<br />

regresiis orive saxeoba ukavSirdeba bavSvobas da sqesobrivi cxovrebis<br />

infantiluri mdgomareobis aRdgenas.<br />

froidi xazs usvams im garemoebas rom adamianebi xSirad mimarTaven<br />

fantasias vinaidan realoba yovelTvis ar Seesabameba moTxovnilebebsa da<br />

SesaZleblobebs. misi azriT energiuli da Sromisunariani adamiani aris swored<br />

is, vinc axerxebs sakuTari fantaziebis realobaSi ganxorcielebas. sadac es ar<br />

aris SesaZlebeli garemo faqtorebis gamo, individuumi tovebs realobas da<br />

iZireba sakuTar fantastiur samyaroSi, romelic misTvis ufro metad aris<br />

damakmayofilebeli. daavadebis SemTxvevaSi am fantastiuri samyaros Sinaarsi<br />

vlindeba simptomebis saxiT. Tuki realobisadmi mtrulad ganwyobili pirovneba<br />

amasTanave mxatvruli niWiTac aris dajildovebuli, mas SeuZlia Tavisi<br />

fantaziebi gamoxatos ara simptomebis, aramed mxatvruli qmnilebebis saxiT, riTac<br />

is Tavs aRwevs nevrozss da amgvari movliTi gziT ubrundeba isev realobas.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom Cvens droSi nevrozi Canacvlebulia monasteriT, vinaidan iq<br />

midian isini, vinc cxovrebaSi imedgacruebulia an cxovrebisaTvis Tavs zedmetad<br />

sustad Tvlis.<br />

froidi midis im daskvnamde, rom nevrozebs ar gaaCniaT mxolod maTTvis<br />

damaxasiaTebeli Sinaarsi, mas moyavs iungis sityvebi: nevrotikebi itanjebian imave<br />

kompleqsebiT, rasac ebrZvian janmrTeli adamianebi.<br />

froidi aseve aRniSnavs, rom yovelTvis, rodesac mimdinareobs nevrotikis<br />

kvleva, avadmyofi xSirad avlens arasasiamovno gadatanis movlenas, mas gadaaqvs<br />

eqimze nazi da xSir SemTxvevaSi mtruli ganwyobis mqone grZnobebic. es faqti<br />

metyvelebs imaze, rom nevrozis mamoZravebeli Zala seqsualuria.<br />

imis gamo, rom avadmyofi ver ixsenebs Tavis grZnobebTan dakavSirebuli<br />

cxovrebis raime nawils, is ganicdis amas eqimTan mimarTebaSi da mxolod da<br />

mxolod gadatanisas am gancdis gamo, is rwmundeba am aracnobieri seqsualuri<br />

ltolvebis arsebobasa da simZlavreSi. am SemTxvevaSi froidi iyenebs qimiis<br />

Sedarebas da ambobs, rom is simptomebi, romlebic warmoadgenen warsuli<br />

sasiyvarulo gancdebis naleqs, SesaZlebelia gaqrnen mxolod da mxolod<br />

gadatanis gancdis maRali temperaturis Sedegad. mxolod maSin aris SesaZlebeli<br />

maTi gadayvana sxva fsiqikur produqtebSi. ferenCis gamoTqmiT eqimi asrulebs am<br />

reaqciis katalizatoruli fermentis funqcias, romelic ganTavisuflebul<br />

afeqtebs droebiT Tavisken miizidavs. swored gadatanis Seswavla iZleva<br />

SesaZleblobas hipnoturi STagonebis wvdomisaTvis.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom gadatana xdeba nebismieri saxis urTierTobebis<br />

SemTxvevaSic da yvela SemTxvevaSi is atarebs Terapiuli zemoqmedebis<br />

mniSvnelobas. aqedan gamomdinare fsiqoanalizi ar qmnis gadatanebs, is mxolod da<br />

mxolod gaumxels cnobierebas maTi arsebobis Sesaxeb da eufleba maT imisaTvis<br />

rom fsiqikuri gancdebi sasurveli miznisaken warmarTos.<br />

13

sqesobrivi ltolvis TeoriisTvis<br />

I. seqsualuri gadaxrebi<br />

froidi aRniSnavs sqesobrivi ltolvis, sakvebis miRebisa da SimSilis analogias. xalxur<br />

enaSi ar arsebobs “SimSilis” Sesabamisi aRniSvna, xolo mecniereba iyenebs sityvas “libido”.<br />

zogadi Sexeduleba Sesaabameba im mosazrebas, rom bavSvobaSi msgavsi ltolvebi ar<br />

arseboben, mozard asakSi Cndeba mizidulobis Zala gansxvavebul sqess Soris, rac mTavrdeba an<br />

SeerTebiT an sqesobrivi aqtisadmi mimavali qmedebebiT.<br />

magram froidi Tvlis rom msgavsi Sexedulebani mcdaria da sakmaod zedapiruli.<br />

froids Semoyavs ori termini: is piri romelic axdens sqesobrivi ltolvis STagonebas<br />

warmoadgens seqsualur obieqts, xolo is qmedeba romlisadmic es ltolva biZgs iZleva aris<br />

seqsualuri mizani. am SemTxvevaSi froidi Tvlis rom mraval gadaxras vxvdebiT.<br />

II. seqsualuri obieqtis mimarT arsebuli gadaxrebi<br />

zogadad miRebuli sqesobrivi ltolvis Teoria Seesabameba poetur zRapars romlis<br />

mixedviTac adamiani gayofilia mamakacur da qalur sawyisebad da isini miiswrafvian<br />

gaerTianebisaken siyvarulSi. Tumca arseboben iseTi mamakacebi, romelTaTvis seqsualur obieqts<br />

warmoadgens mamakaci da aseve qalebic – qali seqsualuri obieqtiT. msgavs pirebs uwodeben<br />

seqsualurad-garyvnilebs, an invertirebulebs. xolo TviT faqts – inversias.<br />

a. inversia<br />

invertirebulebis qceva<br />

msgavsi pirebi gansxvavebulad iqcevian.<br />

a) isini arian sruliad invertirebulebi, maTTvis sapirispiro sqesis adamiani zizRis<br />

momgvrelia da ar aqvT unari sqesobrivi aqtis ganxorcielebisa an ganxorcielebisas ver iReben<br />

siamovnebas.<br />

b) isini arian amfigenurad invertirebulebi (fsiqoseqsualuri hermafroditebi), anu maTi<br />

sqesobrivi obieqti SesaZlebelia iyos rogorc maTi msgavsi, aseve gansxvavebuli sqesis mqonec;<br />

am SemTxvevaSi inversia moklebulia gamonakliss.<br />

v) isini arian SemTxveviT invertirebulni garkveuli garemo pirobebidan gamomdinare,<br />

pirvel rigSi normaluri seqsualuri obieqtis miuwvdomloba da mibaZva/wabaZva. maT SeuZliaT<br />

TavianTi seqsualuri obieqtis SerCevisas Tavisive sqesis pirze SeaCeron arCevani da am<br />

seqsualuri aqtiT dakmayofileba miiRon.<br />

froidis sityvebiT msgavsi ltolva sakmaod cvalebadia. arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebic ki<br />

rodesac xdeba perioduli cvlileba normalur da invertirebul seqsualur obieqts Soris.<br />

inversiasTan dakavSirebuli Sexeduleba<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi gamoyofs or Tvalsazriss: Tandayolilobasa da degeneracias. is<br />

maT damoukideblad ganixilavs.<br />

degeneracia<br />

degeneracias miakuTvneben gansxvavebuli tipis daavadebebs, romelnic ar arian<br />

travmatuli da infeqciuri warmoSobis. am SemTxvevaSi sasurvelia Tuki ar visaubrebT<br />

degeneraciaze:<br />

1. im SemTxvevaSi rodesac ar arsebobs normisagan mZime gadaxra;<br />

2. im SemTxvevaSi rodesac Sromisunarianoba da sicocxlisunarianoba mTlianobaSi mZimed<br />

dazianebuli ar aris.<br />

Zalian bevri faqti metyvelebs imaze rom invertirebulebi ar arian degeneratulebi.<br />

14

1. inversia gvxvdeba iseT pirebTan romelTac ar gaaCniaT normisagan sxva seriozuli<br />

gadaxra.<br />

2. umravlesoba im pirTagan visi Sromisunarianoba da eTikuri kultura aris maRal<br />

ganviTarebuli, aseve inteleqtic arian invertirebulni.<br />

3. Tuki sruliad ganze gavdgebiT yovelgvari samedicino kvlevebisagan, vxvdeviT ori<br />

mimarTulebis mqone faqts: 1) antikur xanaSi inversia miRebuli iyo garkveuli<br />

instituciebis mier. 2) is gavrcelebuli iyo velur da primitiul xalxebs Soris da<br />

aqedan gamomdinare rasobrivi da klimaturi zegavlenac am SemTxvevaSi mniSvnelobis mqone<br />

iyo.<br />

Tandayoliloba<br />

Tandayoliloba mieniWeba invertirebulebis ukiduress klass, rac dafuZnebulia am pirTa<br />

mtkicebaze, rom maTi cxovrebis arc erTi periodis ganmavlobaSi ar gaaCndaT ltolva<br />

sapirispiro sqesisadmi.<br />

am Tvalsazrisis sapirispirod arsebobs kidev sxvac, romlis mixedviTac inversia aris<br />

SeZenili xasiaTis seqsualuri ltolva. amis safuZvels warmoadgens is rom 1) mravali<br />

invertirebulisaTvis arsebiTia maTze zegavlenis mqone adreul periodSi SeZenili seqsualuri<br />

STabeWdileba, romlis xangrZliv Sedegs warmoadgens homoseqsualuri midrekileba; 2) sxvebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia garegani ganmapirobebelisa da sapirispiro gavlenis mqone<br />

cxovrebiseuli zegavlenebis aRniSvna, ramac SemdgomSi inversiis fiqsacia gamoiwvia. 3) inversia<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos aRmofxvrili hipnozis zegavleniT, rac ucnauria misi Tandayolili xasiaTis<br />

SemTxvevaSi.<br />

saboloo jamSi froidi Tvlis, rom Tandayolilisa an SeZenilis alternativa ar aris<br />

sruli, an ar Seesabameba inversiisas arsebul pirobebsa da garemoebebs.<br />

inversiis axsna<br />

froidi svams kiTxvas aris Tu ara sakmarisi gansxvavebuli movlenebis arseboba inversiis<br />

warmoqmnis asaxsnelad, Tu kidev arsebobs pirovnebaSi raRac, rac am zegavlenebze pasuxisaTvis<br />

iyo mzad.<br />

biseqsualurobis <strong>Sesavali</strong><br />

am SemTxvevaSi froids moyavs magaliTi imisa, rom anatomiaSi arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebic<br />

rodesac sqesobrivi gansxvavebis moxdena rTulia. amgvari pirebis genitaliebi Seicaven rogorc<br />

mamakacur aseve qalur niSanTvisebebsac (hermafroditizmi).<br />

anatomiuri hermafroditizmis cnobili donea, rodesac TiToeul normalurad mowyobil<br />

qalur an mamakacur individs gaaCnia sxva sqesis aparatis Canasaxic, romelic SenarCunebulia<br />

rudimentaluri organos saxiT romelTac ar gaaCniaT funqcia, an iZenen sxva funqciebs vidre es<br />

maTTvis aris Sesabamisi.<br />

amgvari anatomiuri faqtebidan gamomdinare arsebuli Sexeduleba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom<br />

arsebobs pirveladi biseqsualuri ganwyobis daSveba, romelic iZens monoseqsualurobis<br />

ganviTarebas, amave dros SenarCunebulia sxva sqesisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSanTvisebebic.<br />

froidis azriT sruliad marTebuli iqneboda am Sexedulebis gadatana fsiqikur sferoSi<br />

da moxdes inversiis gacnobiereba gansxvavebuli formebiT, msgavs SemTxvevaSi rogorc fsiqikuri<br />

hermafroditizmisa.<br />

fsiqikuri hermafroditizmi iqneboda ufro xelSesaxebi, Tuki obieqtis sqesobrivi<br />

inversiis paralelurad masSi aseve moxdeboda sxva sulieri maxasiaTeblebis cvlilebac. Tumca<br />

amgvari invertirebulobis aRmoCena garkveuli regularulobiT SesaZlebelia invertirebuli<br />

qalebis SemTxvevaSi. inversiis mqone mamakacebs SenarCunebuli aqvT sulieri mamakacuroba. igive<br />

iTqmis somatur ormag sqesobrivobaze.<br />

15

invertirebulebis sqesobrivi obieqti<br />

fsiqikuri hermafroditizmis Teoriis varaudis mixedviT invertirebulebis seqsualuri<br />

obieqti normalurebis sapirispiroa. miuxedavad imisa, rom es marTalia inversiis mqone pirTa<br />

saerTo maxasiaTeblis Sesaxeb, es ar warmoadgens inversiis saerTi niSanTvisebas. Tumca im<br />

mamakacTa umravlesoba, romelic invertirebulobis SemTxvevaSi mainc inarCunebs mamakacurobis<br />

fsiqikur maxasiaTebels, ar flobs meore sqesis maxasiaTeblebs (qalurobas) da Tavis<br />

seqsualur obieqtSi eZebs qalur fsiqikur maxasiaTeblebs. magaliTad berZnebis SemTxvevaSi,<br />

romelTa invertirebulebis SemTxvevaSi aseve yvelaze mamakacuri kacebi gvxvdebian, aSkara aris<br />

is, rom maTTvis mimzidveli ar iyo biWis mamakacuri xasiaTi, aramed misi miaxloveba (garegani)<br />

qaluri tipisadmi, aseve misi sulis qaluri maxasiaTeblebi: TavSekavebuloba, morcxvoba, mudmivi<br />

daxmarebisa da Wkuis darigebis saWiroeba, - rac aRvivebda siyvaruls mamakacSi.<br />

(damtkicebulia, rom invertirebuli tipis adamianebSi, zogadad Warbobs arqauli<br />

konstitucia da primitiuli fsiqikuri meqanizmebi. maTi yvelaze arsebiTi maxasiaTebelia<br />

obieqtis narcisistuli arCevanis zegavlena da analuri zonis erotiuli mniSvnelobis<br />

SenarCuneba. magram yovelgvar sargeblobas aris moklebuli is, rom amgvari konstituciuri<br />

niSanTvisebebis safuZvelze moxdes ukiduresi tipis invertirebulebis gamoyofa<br />

danarCenebisagan.)<br />

(Ferenczi Tavis statiaSi gamoyofs or tips: subieqthomoerotiks, romelic Tavs grZnobs<br />

da iqceva ise rogorc qali, da obieqthomoerotiks, romelic absoluturad mamakacuria da<br />

Canacvlebuli yavs qaluri obieqti Tavisi msgavsi sqesis obieqtiT. pirvels is Tvlis rogorc<br />

sruliad namdvil “Sualedur seqsualur” tips, xolo meores – froidis azriT naklebad<br />

warmatebulad – uwodebs nevrotiks, romelic itanjeba akviatebulobiT. inversiisadmi<br />

midrekilebis brZola, da aseve fsiqikuri zemoqmedebis SesaZlebloba gaaCnia mxolod<br />

obieqthomoerotiks.)<br />

gacilebiT ufro gansazRvrulia urTierTobebi qalis SemTxvevaSi. am SemTxvevaSi aqtiurad<br />

invertirebulebi Tavisi sqesobrivi obieqtebisagan moiTxoven qalurobas da Tavad gaaCniaT<br />

sakmaod mkveTrad gamovlenili somaturi da sulieri maxasiaTeblebi. Tumca am SemTxvevaSic<br />

ufro siRrmiseuli dakvirveba mTel rig gansxvavebulobebs gvaCvenebda.<br />

invertirebulebis seqsualuri mizani<br />

Zalian mniSvnelovani is faqti rom inversiis SemTxvevaSi seqsualuri mizani ar SeiZleba<br />

iyos erTmniSvnelovani. amas ar davwer <br />

daskvna<br />

froidi amaxvilebs yuradRebas imaze, rom kavSiri seqsualur ltolvasa da seqsualur<br />

obieqts Soris mWidrod warmogvedgina. aranormaluri SemTxvevebis gamocdileba gvaCvenebs, rom<br />

msgavsi kavSiri arsebobs, magram normaluri formebis msgavsebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia es<br />

kavSiri ver SevamCnioT. Tavdapirvelad rogorc Cans sqesobrivi ltolva obieqtisagan<br />

damoukidebelia da ar gamomdinareobs misi mimzidvelobidan.<br />

b. cxovelebi da sqesobrivi TvalsazrisiT moumwifebeli pirebi rogorc<br />

seqsualuri obieqtebi<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi ganixilavs im SemTxvevebs rodesac seqsualur obieqts<br />

warmoadgenen moumwifebeli pirebi – bavSvebi da cxovelebi. pirveli SemTxveva exeba iseTi tipis<br />

16

individebs romelTac gaaCniaT garkveuli impotencia an impulsuri (gadaudebeli) ltolva<br />

romelic ar aZlevs maT saSualebas arsebul momentSi Sesabamis obieqts daeuflon. cxovelebis<br />

SerCeva seqsualur obieqtebad ZiriTadad miRebulia soflis mosaxleobas Soris.<br />

froidis mixedviT esTeturi mosazrebebidan gamomdinare vlindeba survili rom msgavsi<br />

qmedeba sulierad avadmyofs mivakuTvnoT, magram es ar aris marTebuli. gamocdileba aCvenebs<br />

rom maT ar gaaCniaT sqesobrivi ltolvebis gansakuTrebuli darRvevebi jansaR adamianebTan<br />

Sedarebisas. magaliTad seqsualuri Zaladoba bavSvebTan mimarTebaSi yvelaze xSir SemTxvevas<br />

warmoadgens maswavlebelTa da ZiZebis mxridan, vinaidan maT saamisod ufro xelsayreli<br />

pirobebi eZlevaT. sulierad avadmyofebs ki msgavsi gadaxra gaaCniaT ufro gaZlierebul<br />

formebSi.<br />

(Zveli drois samyaros sasiyvarulo cxovrebis yvelaze didi gansxvaveba Cveni drois<br />

sasiyvarulo cxovrebasTan mdgomareobs imaSi, rom Zveli drois adamianebi upiratesobas<br />

aniWebdnen ltolvas, xolo Cven upiratesoba gadavitaneT TviT obieqtze. Tuki adre ltolva<br />

iyo pativcemuli da naklebad faseuli obieqti gakeTilSobilebuli xdeboda ltolvis<br />

arsebobis gamo, dResdReobiT TviTon ltolva aris naklebad Rirebuli da misi gamarTleba<br />

xdeba obieqtis Rirsebebidan gamomdinare).<br />

2. seqsualur mizanTan dakavSirebuli gadaxrebi<br />

perversiebi TavisTavad warmoadgenen: an a) gadasvlas sxeulis anatomiuri farglebis<br />

miRma, rac ganpirobebulia sqesobrivi SeerTebisaTvis, an b) SeCerebas seqsualuri obieqtisadmi<br />

arsebul Sualedur urTierTobebze, rac normalur SemTxvevaSi swrafad gadailaxeba saboloo<br />

seqsualuri miznisaken mimaval gzaze.<br />

a. anatomiuri farglebis miRma gasvla<br />

seqsualuri obieqtis gadafaseba<br />

froidi saubrobs im fsiqikur Sefasebaze romelsac iRebs/iZens seqsualuri obieqti,<br />

Zalian iSviaT SemTxvevaSi aris Semofargluli mxolod genitaliebiT, aramed vrceldeba mTels<br />

sxeulze. aseve igive gadafaseba vrceldeba mTels fsiqikur sferoze (gansjis sisuste).<br />

siyvarulis ndoba am SemTxvevaSi avtoritetis pirvel wyaros warmoadgens.<br />

seqsualuri gadafasebis momentis mniSvneloba umjobesia iyos Seswavlili mamakacis<br />

SemTxvevaSi vinaidan zogadad qalis sasiyvarulo cxovreba gaurkvevelia da bneliT moculi<br />

qalebis gulaxdilobis uqonlobis gamo. <br />

pirisa da tuCebis lorwovani garsis seqsualuri gamoyeneba<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi ZiriTadad saubrobs im zizRis Sesaxeb romelic amave dros gaaCnia<br />

individs. yuradReba aris gamaxvilebuli zizRis momentze, romelic xelis SemSlelia<br />

seqsualuri obieqtis libidonozuri gadafasebisaTvis, magram gadailaxeba libidos mier. swored<br />

am zizRidan gamomdinare aRiqmeba perversiad genitaliebisa da piris an tuCebis Sexebisas.<br />

analogiuri daskvna aris gamotanili amis Semdgom Tavzec.<br />

sxeulis sxva nawilebis mniSvneloba<br />

seqsualuri obieqtis sxeulis sxva nawilebis flobisadmi swrafva aris misi sruli<br />

flobis gamovlineba. magram am SemTxvevaSi froidi aRniSnavs rom sxeulis zogierTi nawili<br />

piris lorwovani garsi da ukana nawili rac xSir SemTxvevaSi gvxvdeba amgvari kombinaciebisas,<br />

avlenen erTgvar midrekilebas rom isini Sefasdnen rogorc genitaliebi da maT moepyrnen amis<br />

Sesabamisad.<br />

17

seqsualuri obieqtis Seusabamo Canacvleba – fetiSizmi<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi ganixilavs im SemTxvevas rodesac seqsualuri obieqtis Canacvleba<br />

xdeba Seusabamo da sruliad usargeblo obieqtiT. es SesaZlebelia iyos sxeulis nawili, fexi,<br />

Tma, an raime nivTi, usulo sagani, romelsac aqvs garkveuli kavSiri seqsualur obieqtTan<br />

(kabis nawilebi, TeTreuli). msgavsi Canacvleba utoldeba fetiSs, raSic veluri Tavis TvTaebas<br />

ganasaxierebs.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom seqsualuri ltolvis arc erTi variacia romelic emijneba<br />

paTologias, ar imsaxurebs aseT interess, rac gamowveulia misi zegavlenidan gamomdinare<br />

ucnauri movlenebiT. msgavsi fetiSizmis done Cveulia normaluri sasiyvarulo<br />

urTierTobebisaTvisac.<br />

paTologiuria SemTxveva maSin, rodesac fetiSisadmi swrafva seqsualuri obieqtis<br />

adgils ikavebs/Caenacvleba.<br />

gansxvavebuli SemTxvevisas obieqtis Canacvleba fetiSiT moxda azrTa simboluri<br />

msvlelobidan gamomdinare, romelic ZiriTadad gaucnobierebelia individis mier.<br />

b. winare seqsualuri miznebis fiqsacia<br />

axali survilebis/zraxvebis gaCena<br />

Cqmeta/xeliT mosinjva da Tvaliereba/cqera<br />

adamianisTvis garkveuli donis xeliT mosinjva aucilebelia normaluri seqsualuri<br />

miznisaTvis. aqedan gamomdinare xeliT mosinjvaze Seyovneba naklebad SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

ganxiluli rogorc perversia, Tuki sqesobrivi aqti viTardeba im SemTxevaSi.<br />

aseTive mniSvnelobis aris Tvaliereba/cqera. perversiad cqerisa da TvalTvalis ltolva<br />

gadaiqceba maSin rodesac a) Tuki mxolod genitaliebiT aris Semofargluli, b) Tuki<br />

dakavSirebulia zizRis grZnobis gadalaxvasTan (gamoyofis funqciis TvalTvali) g) Tuki<br />

normaluri seqsualuri miznis Semzadebis nacvlad mis srul Canacvlebas warmoadgens.<br />

ukanaskneli SemTxveva naTlad gamoixateba eqsgibicionistebTan. am SemTxvevaSi (igulisxmeba<br />

sakuTari Tavis Cvenebisa da Tvalierebis ltolva) seqsualuri mizani ormagi saxiT vlindeba:<br />

aqtiuri da pasiuri.<br />

is Zala romelic dajabnis Tvalierebis ltolvas aris sircxvili (rogorc adreul<br />

SemTxvevaSi zizRi).<br />

sadizmi da mazohizmi<br />

es aris yvelaze xSiri perversiebi – midrekileba seqsualur obieqtisadmi tkivilis<br />

miyenebisa da piriqiT. es aris yvelaze mniSvnelovani da xSiri tipis perversiebi V. Krafft-<br />

Ebing’ma uwoda aqtiuri da pasiuri – sadizmi da mazohizmi (pasiuri).<br />

algolagniis safuZveli martivi asaxsneli da dasamtkicebelia. mamakacTa umetesobis<br />

seqsualuroba agresiulia, rac vlindeba Zaladobrivi dapyrobiT. rogorc Cans es gamowveulia<br />

seqsualuri obieqtis winaaRmdegobis gadalaxvis mizniT. froidis azriT mxolod maSin rodesac<br />

obieqtis damorCilebisa da misi tanjvis Sedegad miiRweva dakmayofileba, sadizmi warmoadgens<br />

perversias.<br />

msgavsi SesaZlebelia iTqvas mazohizmis SemTxvevaSic. rodesac dakmayofileba miiReba<br />

seqsualuri obieqtis mxridan miyenebuli fizikuri an sulieri tkivilidan gamomdinare.<br />

froidis azriT mazohizmi rogorc perversia sadizmTan SedarebiT ufro Sors aris<br />

normaluri seqsualuri miznisagan; Cndeba eWvi warmoiqmneba is TavisTavad, aris Tu ara is<br />

pirveladi, Tu viTardeba sadizmidan, warmonaqmnidan gamomdinare. xSir SemTxvevaSi Cans rom<br />

18

mazohizmi aris sadizmis gagrZeleba, romelic momarTulia sakuTar Tavze/pirovnebaze, romelic<br />

droebiT enacvleba seqsualur obieqts.<br />

kacobriobis kulturis istoria amtkicebs rom daundobloba da sqesobrivi ltolva<br />

ukavSirdeba erTmaneTs, magram am kavSiris asaxsnelad libidos agresiuli momentis xazgasmis<br />

garda ganviTareba ver moxerxda. froidi xazs usvams kanibalur miswrafebebsac <br />

am perversiis yvelaze didi gansakuTrebuloba mdgomareobs imaSi rom misi aqtiuri da<br />

pasiuri formebic vlindeba erTsa da imave pirovnebaSi.<br />

3. zogadad perversiebis Sesaxeb<br />

variaciebi da avadmyofoba<br />

xSir SemTxvevaSi perversiis avadmyofuri xasiaTi SesaZlebelia aRmovaCinoT ara axali<br />

seqsualuri miznis SinaarsSi, aramed normalurisadmi arsebul damokidebulebaSi: Tuki perversia<br />

Cndeba normaluris farglebs gareT (seqsualuri mizani an obieqti igulisxmeba) da yvela<br />

SemTxvevaSi axdens normaluris gandevnas/Canacvlebas; perversiis gansakuTrebulobasa da<br />

fiqsirebulobaSi Cven vxedavT ufro met safuZvels imisaTvis rom SevafasoT igi rogorc<br />

avadmyofuri simptomi.<br />

fsiqikis monawileoba perversiebSi<br />

froidi axdens daskvnas rom yvela saxis amaRlebuli da mdabio mWidrod ukavSirdeba<br />

seqsualurobas.<br />

ori daskvna<br />

seqsualur ltolvas uxdeba brZola iseT sulier ZalebTan rogoricaa sircxvili da<br />

zizRi (morali mogvianebiT). arsebobs varaudi rom es Zalebi monawileoben ltolvis im<br />

farglebSi SenarCunebisas, rac normalurad aris miCneuli.<br />

Semdeg froidi akeTebs daskvnas, rom zogierTi perversia gasagebi xdeba gansxvavebuli<br />

motivis arsebobidan gamomdinare, rac imis safuZvels iZleba rom arsebobdes analizi-daSveba,<br />

rac niSnavs imas, rom perversiebi rTuli saxis arian Tavisi bunebidan gamomdinare. es erTis<br />

mxris iZleva miniSnebas rom TviT seqsualuri ltolva SeiZleba Sedgebodes komponentebisagan,<br />

rac zogierT SemTxvevaSi CamoSordeba xolme perversiebis saxiT.<br />

4. seqsualuri ltolva nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

fsiqoanalizi<br />

froidi Tvlis rom seqsualuri energia ara mxolod avsebs is Zalebs, romlebic<br />

garkveulwilad kvebaven avadmyofur movlenebs (simptomebs), aramed amticebs rom es ltolvebi<br />

warmoadgenen nevrozis erTaderT mudmiv da yvelaze mniSvnelovan wyaros, ase rom am pirebis<br />

seqsualuri cxovreba vlindeba upiratesad, mxolod an nawilobriv am simptomebis saxiT.<br />

fsiqoanalizi xsnis isteriulebis simptomebs im varaudidan gamomdinare, rom es<br />

simptomebi Canacvlebas, TiTqos da mTeli rigi afeqturi sulieri procesebis transkrifcias<br />

warmoadgenen, romelic xdeba gansakuTrebuli fsiqikuri procesis (gandevnis) Sedegad. swored<br />

es Sekavebuli aracnobier mdgomareobaSi myofi azrebi iswrafvian gamoxatvisaken da isteriis<br />

SemTxvevaSi pouloben gamosavals konversiis procesSi somaturi fenomenebis saxiT, -<br />

isteriuli simptomebi igulisxmeba.<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> Sedegebi<br />

19

aqedan gamomdinare gaxda cnobili rom simptomebi warmoadgenen Tavis Tavad swrafvebis<br />

Canacvlebas, romlebic Tavis Zalas poveben seqsualuri ltolvis wyaroebSi.<br />

isteriul xasiaTSi vlindeba garkveuli donis seqsualuri gandevna, romelic normaluris<br />

farglebs scildeba, am SemTxvevaSi amaRlebulia winaaRmdegoba seqsualuri ltolvis mimarT,<br />

rac cnobilia CvenTvis rogorc sircxvili, zizRi, morali, da erTgvari instinqturi Tavis<br />

daRweva seqsualuri problemis Sesaxeb inteleqtualuri saubrebisagan, rac gamoxatulia sruli<br />

umecrebiT seqsualuris Sesaxeb sqesobrivi mowifulobis asakis miRwevis periodSic ki.<br />

ltolvis moTxovnisa da uaryofis ukuqmedebidan gamomdinare konfliqti povebs<br />

gamosavals avadmyofobaSi, romelic ver axdens kofliqtis gadawyvetas, aramed cdilobs misgan<br />

(gadawyvetisagan) daaRwios Tavi rasac axdens libidonozuri ltolvis gardasaxviT simptomSi.<br />

Tuki isteriuli adamiani, avad xdeba garkveuli banaluri sulieri xdomilobis gamo, im<br />

konfliqtidan gamomdinare romlis centrSic ar imyofeba seqsualuri interesi, amgvari tipis<br />

gamonaklisi mxolod moCvenebiTia. am SemTxvevaSi fsiqoanalizs yovelTvis SeuZlia daadasturos<br />

rom konfliqtis mxolod seqsualuri komponenti qmnis avadmyofobis SesaZleblobas.<br />

nevrozi da perversia<br />

fsiqoanalizi gviCvenebs, rom simptomebi ar aRmocendeba normaluri seqsualuri ltolvis<br />

xarjze, aramed warmoadgenen ltolvebis konvertirebul gamoxatulebas, es ltolvebi<br />

SesaZlebelia iyvnen saxeldebuli rogorc pervertirebulebi, rom yofiliyo SesaZlebeli maTi<br />

gamovlena cnobierebaSi uSualod da qmedebebSic. simptomebi aqedan gamomdinare warmoiqmneba<br />

aranormaluri seqsualobis xarjze: nevrozi perversiis negativs warmoadgens.<br />

fsiqonevrotikebis seqsualur cxovrebaSi SesaZlebelia Segvxvdes yvela is gadaxra,<br />

romelic ganvixileT normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebis variaciebis saxiT da aseve rogorc<br />

avadmyofuris gamovilnebanic:<br />

a) yvela nevrotiks (gamonaklisis gareSe) aracnobier sulier cxovrebaSi inversiisadmi<br />

ltolva gaaCnia, libidos fiqsacia Tavisive sqesis pirovnebaze.<br />

b) yvela fsiqonevrotiks isev aracnobierSi SesaZlebelia aRmoaCndes gansxvavebuli saxis<br />

midrekileba anatomiuri farglebis gadalaxvis mimarT. maT Soris yvelaze xSiria da intensiuri<br />

iseTi tipis rogoricaa genitaliebis rolis gadatana piris lorwovan garsze da ukana nawilze;<br />

g) gansakuTrebul rols ikavebs fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi sapirispiro wyvilebis saxiT<br />

gamovlenili ltolvebi (Partialtriebe), esenia axali seqsualuri miznebis matareblebi:<br />

ltolva TvalTvalisa da eqsgibicionizmisadmi, aseve aqtiurad da pasiurad gamovlenili<br />

ltolva daundoblobisadmi. swored am kavSiridan gamomdinare – libidosa da daundoblobis –<br />

xdeba siyvarulis gadasvla siZulvilSi, nazi sulieri grZnobebis dapirispirebulisadmi, rac<br />

damaxasiaTebulia nevrotuli SemTxvevebis umravlesobisaTvis.<br />

froidis aRniSnavs aseve rom iq sadac aracnobierSi vlindeba iseTi ltolva romelic<br />

SesaZlebelia arsebobdes raimesTan wyvilSi (sapirispirosTan), aucileblad iarsebebs is<br />

sapirispiro ltolvac. nebismieri aqtiuri perversia Tanmxlebia misi pasiuri wyviliTac; vinc<br />

aracnobierSi eqsgibicionistia, is amavdroulad TvalTvalis moyvarulic aris (voyeur).<br />

calkeuli ltolvebi da erogenuli zonebi<br />

froidi ganmartavs rom “ltolvis” qveS igulisxmeba im mudmivi Sidasomaturi<br />

gaRizianebis wyaros fsiqikuri warmomadgenloba romelic gansxvavdeba “gaRizianebisagan”,<br />

romelic miiReba calkeuli gare gamRizianeblebisagan. aqedan gamomdinare ltolva aris is rac<br />

ganasxvavebs suliers sxeulebrivisagan.<br />

ltolvis wyaros warmoadgens gaRizianebis garkveuli procesi raime organoSi da<br />

ltolvis uaxloes mizans warmoadgens am gaRizianebis aRkveTa.<br />

Semdgomi varaudi ltolvebis Sesaxeb arsebul swavlebSi exeva im faqts, rom sxeulis<br />

organoebi ormagi saxis gaRizianebas iZlevian, romelic ganpirobebulia maTi qimiuri bunebidan<br />

20

gamomdinare. gaRizianebis erT saxeobas Cven veZaxiT seqsualurs da gaRizianebis organos<br />

“erogenul zonas” vuwodebT.<br />

akviatebulobis nevrozis dros, yvelaze did mniSvnelobas iZens impulsebis Rirebuleba,<br />

romlebic qmnian axal seqsualur miznebs, rac rogorc Cans damoukidebelia erogenuli<br />

zonebisagan. magaliTad eqsgibicionizmisa da TvalTvalisagan miRebuli siamovnebis dros<br />

erogenul zonas Tvali warmoadgens. igive SesaZlebelia iTqvas kanis Sesaxeb, rodesac<br />

seqsualuri ltolvisas daundoblobisa da tkivilis miyenebis konponentia CarTuli, zogierT<br />

adgilas kani diferencirebas ganicdis da modificirdeba lorwovani garsis saxiT, rogorc<br />

erogenuli zona.<br />

fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi perversiuli seqsualurobis moCvenebiTi<br />

upiratesobis axsna<br />

sruliad SesaZlebelia, rom am avadmyofebis konstitucionaluri winaganwyoba,<br />

seqsualuri gandevnis sagrZnobi zomisa da udidesi seqsualuri ltolvis garda, aseve<br />

ganapirobebs uzomo midrekilebas perversiisadmi am sityvis farTe mniSvnelobiT.<br />

fsiqonevrotikebis umetesobas daavadeba uCndebaT maSin rodesac isini aRweven mowiful<br />

asaks da uCndebaT normaluri sqesobrivi cxovrebis moTxovnileba. swored am moTxovnilebis<br />

sapirispirod warimarTeba gandevna. an Cndeba ufro gviandeli daavadebebi, rodesac libido uars<br />

Rebulobs dakmayofilebisaTvis normaluri gziT. orive SemTxvevaSi libido iqceva ise, rogorc<br />

nakadi romlis dinebac brkoldeba. is avsebs im kolateralur gzebs romlebic iqamde carieli<br />

iyo.<br />

nevrozebis calkeul SemTxvevebSi SesaZlebelia gansxvavebuli saxis viTareba iyos: pirvel<br />

SemTxvevaSi gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis mqonea perversiisadmi arsebuli ltolvis<br />

simZafre/simaRle, meores mxriv ki – am midrekilebis kolateraluri gaZliereba normaluri<br />

seqsualuri miznisagan an seqsualuri obieqtisagan libidos ganridebidan gamomdinare.<br />

seqsualurobis infantilizmze gadatana ссылка<br />

froidis sityvebiT imis damtkicebiT, rom perversiuli sulieri ltolvebi<br />

fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi simptomebs warmoqmnian, gafarTovda im adamianTa ricxvi vinc<br />

SesaZlebelia CaiTvalos perversiulad. Tumca froidi aqve aRniSnavs, rom nevrozebisadmi<br />

winaganwyoba ar warmoadgens TavisTavad did gansakuTrebulobas.<br />

aseve sakamaTo aRmoCnda is sakiTxic aRmocendebian Tu ara perversiebi (rogorc amas<br />

Tvlida Binet fetiSizmTan mimarTebaSi) Tu Tavdapirveladve Tandayolili xasiaTis arian.<br />

aseve froidi aRniSnavs im faqts rom Tuki perversiebis Tandayolilobaze vimsjelebT,<br />

SesaZlebelia rom es fesvebi ganviTardes egret wodebul normalur seqsualur cxovrebaSic.<br />

Semdeg Cven gavacnobierebT, rom msgavsi konstitucia, romelsac gaaCnia yvela saxis<br />

perversiis Canasaxi, SesaZlebelia demonstrirdes mxolod bavSvTan, Tumca mis SemTxvevaSi<br />

yvelanairi saxis ltolvebi SeiZleba gamovlindnen naklebi intensivobiT. Tuki am msjelobis<br />

Tanaxmad froidis azriT nevrotikebSi davinaxavT seqsualurobis SenarCunebas infantilur<br />

mdgomareobaSi an sulac misdami dabrunebis TvalsazrisiT, maSin Cveni interesis sfero unda<br />

moicvas bavSvis seqsualurma cxovrebam.<br />

infantiluri seqsualuroba<br />

bavSvebisadmi arasakmarisi yuradReba<br />

sqesobrivi ltolvisadmi arsebuli zogadi azris mixedviT, miRebulia mosazreba, rom is<br />

ar arsebobs bavSvobis periodSi da mxolod mozardobis asakis dros Cndeba.<br />

infantiluri amnezia<br />

21

froidi xazs usvams erT-erT fsiqikur fenomens, romelsac uwodebs Tavisebur amnezias.<br />

es movlena vrceldeba 6, 8 wlamde asakze umetes SemTxvevebSi (magram ara yvela SemTxvevaSi).<br />

amave dros fsiqologiuri gamokvlevebis warmoebis SemTxvevaSi davrwmundebiT, rom is<br />

STabeWdilebebi, romelic Cven faqtiurad daviwyebuli gvaqvs, toveben kvals Cvens sulier<br />

cxovrebaSi da axdenen gadamwyvet zegavlenas Cvens momdevno ganviTarebaze. saubari aris iseTi<br />

tipis amneziaze, romelsac adgili aqvs nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi da romlis arsic mdgomareobs<br />

imaSi, rom ar moxdes am STabeWdilebebis cnobierebaSi daSveba (moxdes gandevna).<br />

garkveulwilad kavSiri myardeba nevrotikebisa da bavSvebis sulier cxovrebas Soris.<br />

froidi xazs usvams im faqts rom arsebobs bevri movlena romelic SemdgomSi adamians<br />

aviwydeba, magram sxvebze warmoebuli fsiqologiuri kvlevidan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia<br />

davrwmundeT, rom swored is STabeWdilebani romlebic dagvaviwyda, sakmaod did zegavlenas<br />

axdenen Cvens sulier cxovrebaze da gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis iyvnen Cveni momdevno<br />

ganviTarebisaTvis. aq saubaria ara im SemTxvevaze rodesac sruliad ikargeba mexsiereba, aramed<br />

amneziis Sesaxeb, romelic SeimCneba nevrotikebTan da romlis arsic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom ar<br />

moxdes cnobierebaSi daSveba (gandevna moxdes).<br />

amasTanave froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom infantiluri amneziis arsebobakidev erT<br />

kavSirs ganapirobebs fsiqonevrotikisa da bavSvis sulieri cxovrebis Sedarebisas. Cven ukve<br />

ganvixileT sxva saxis kavSiri, rodesac saubari gvqonda im formulasTan dakavSirebiT, romlis<br />

mixedviTac fsiqonevrotikis seqsualuroba bavSvur safexurzea SenarCunebuli an ubralod<br />

daubrunda am stadias.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom infantiluri amnezias, romelic faravs adamianisaTvis mis bavSvobas<br />

da misive sqesobrivi cxovrebis dasawyiss, gamomdinareobs im faqtidan, rom zogadad bavSvobis<br />

asaks saerTod ar aniWeben mniSvnelobas seqsualuri cxovrebis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT.<br />

bavSvobis latenturi seqsualuri periodi da misi darRvevebi<br />

froidi saubrobs imis Sesaxeb rom bavSvs dabadebidanve Tan axlavs seqsualuri cxovrebis<br />

Canasaxebi da am Canasaxebis ganviTareba garkveul periodSi iTrguneba, xolo SemdgomSi xdeba am<br />

dabrkolebis garRveva momdevno seqsualuri ganviTarebiT, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

Sekavebuli individualuri maxasiaTeblebidan gamomdinare. am oscilirebadi ganviTarebis<br />

Sesaxeb cota ram aris cnobili, magram 3, 4 wlis bavSvebis seqsualuri cxovreba vlindeba<br />

dakvirvebisaTvis misawvdomi formebiT.<br />

seqsualuri Sekavebani/dabrkolebebi<br />

am periodSi yalibdeba iseTi sulieri Zalebi, romlebic SemdgomSi aviwroveben seqsualur<br />

ltolvas (sircxvilis SegrZneba, zizRi, idealis esTeturi da moraluri moTxovnilebebi).<br />

saamisod kulturuli bavSvis SemTxvevaSi didi mniSvnelobis mqonea aRzrdis momenti. magram<br />

sinamdvileSi es ganviTareba aseve ganpirobebulia organuladac da aRzrdis gareSec miiRweva.<br />

reaqtiuli warmonaqmnebi da sublimirebani<br />

kulturis istorikosebi eTanxmebian im mosazrebas romlis Tanaxmadac seqsualuri<br />

ltolvebis Zalebis gadaxra seqsualuri miznebisagan da maTi momarTuleba gansxvavebul<br />

miznebze – sublimirebis saxelwodebis mqone procesi, SesaZlebeli xdeba gansxvavebuli<br />

kulturis saxeobebisaTvis saWiro komponentebis amoqmedeba.<br />

iqidan gamomdinare, rom seqsualuri gancdebi ver pouloben TavianT gamoyenebas, vinaidan<br />

gvaris gagrZelebis funqcia mogvianebiT Cndeba, isini arasasiamovno SegrZnebebs warmoSoben.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare es SegrZnebebi sapirispiro sulier Zalebs iwveven (reaqtiul moZraobebs),<br />

romlebic qmian Zlier fsiqikur safuZvels am arasasiamovno SegrZnebebis daTrgunvisaTvis,<br />

rogoricaa zizRi, sircxvili da morali.<br />

22

latenturi periodis garRvevebi<br />

drodadro Cndeba garkveuli seqsualuri gamovlinebebis nawili, romlebic ar<br />

daeqvemdebarnen sublimirebas, an SenarCunebulia raime saxis seqsualuri qmedeba mTeli<br />

latenturi periodis ganmavlobaSi seqsualuri ltolvis gaZlierebuli gamovlinebis momentamde.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi aRmzrdelebis mxridan idevneba yvela is seqsualuri gamovlineba romelic bavSvs<br />

gaaCnia rogorc garkveuli “xarvezi”.<br />

infantiluri seqsualurobis gamoxatulebani<br />

froidi infantiluri seqsualuri gamovlinebis magaliTad iRebs wovas, romelsac mTeli<br />

naSromi miuZRvna lindnerma.<br />

wova<br />

wova vlindeba ToTo bavSvis asakSi, SesaZlebelia gagrZeldes mozardobis periodamde da<br />

mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSic ki, am SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba wova, romelic ar isaxavs miznad<br />

sakvebis miRebas. am SemTxvevaSi TviT tuCis nawili, ena, fexis TiTic ki aris xolme wovis<br />

obieqtis arCevani. wova xSir SemTxvevaSi mTels yuradRebas ipyrobs da sruldeba an ZiliT, an<br />

motoruli reaqciiT, romelic orgazmis msgavsia. wovas xSirad Tan axlavs sxeulis mgrZnobiare<br />

adgilebis sresa, fereba, aqedan gamomdinare bavSvebi wovidan xSirad gadadian masturbaciaze.<br />

autoerotizmi<br />

es termini warmoiqmna swored am ganxiluli sakiTxidan gamomdinare, siamovneba miiReba<br />

ara garegani obieqtiT, aramed sakuTari sxeulidan – is autoerotiulia.<br />

froids xazs usvams wovis sasicocxlo mniSvnelobas bavSvis cxovrebis pirveli wlebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi. Tavdapirvelad erogenuli zonis dakmayofileba ukavSirdeboda sakvebis miRebiT<br />

miRebul dakmayofilebas. Tavdapirvelad seqsualuri qmedeba dakavSirebulia im funqciasTan<br />

romelic emsaxureba sicocxlis gadarCenas da mxolod SemdgomSi xdeba misgan damoukidebeli.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom Tuki bavSvi midrekilebas iCens wovisadmi, maSin ufro meti<br />

albaToba aris rom zrdasrul asakSi mas midrekileba eqneba kocnisadmi – perversiuli<br />

kocnebisadmi, xolo mamakacis SemTxvevaSi midrekileba sigaretis mowevisa da loTobisadmi. aseve<br />

is aRniSnavs, rom es momenti aseve gadatanilia sakvebis miRebazec. mravali isteriuli pacienti<br />

romelsac gaaCnda darRvevebi sakvebis miRebaSi, isteriuli globusi, SekumSuloba yelSi da<br />

gulisreva, bavSvobaSi energiuli wova axasiaTebdaT.<br />

infantiluri seqsualobis seqsualuri mizani<br />

erogenuli zonebis niSnebi<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom kanis an lorwovani garsis nebismieri sxva adgili SesaZlebelia<br />

gaxdes erogenuli zonis funqciis matarebeli. aqedan gamomdinare gaRizianebis xarisxi ufro<br />

meti mniSvnelobis mqonea siamovnebis SegrZnebis gamomwvevasTan mimarTebaSi, vidre sxeulis<br />

nawilis adgilmdebareoba. Tuki wovis moyvaruli bavSvi raime obieqts miagnebs, magaliTad ZuZus<br />

kerts, an genitaliebs da mieCveva mis upiratesobas, maSin es misTvis iqneba ukve upiratesi<br />

adgili. analogiuri morgebuloba SeiniSneba isteriis simptomatologiaSic.<br />

erogenuli da isterogenuli zonebi gansxvavdebian msgavsi niSanTvisebebiT.<br />

infantiluri seqsualuri mizani<br />

23

infantiluri ltolvebis seqsualur mizans warmoadgens is, rom garkveulwilad<br />

miRebuli iyos dakmayofileba SerCeuli erogenuli zonis Sesabamisi gaRizianebis Sedegad.<br />

CvenTvis ukve cnobilia tuCebis zona. sxva nawilebic Segvxvdeba rogorc seqsualurobis<br />

wyaroebi. dakmayofilebis ganmeorebis mdgomareoba vlindeba ormxrivad/ormagad: daZabulobis<br />

gansakuTrebuli SegrZnebiT, romelsac ufro metad arasasiamovno SegrZneba SeiZleba vuwodoT,<br />

romelic aris ganpirobebuli centralurad da proecirebulia periferiul erogenul zonebze.<br />

masturbaciuli seqsualuri gamovlinebani<br />

Tuki qmedebebi tuCebis erogenul zonasTan mimarTebaSi mdgomareobda wovaSi, sxva<br />

erogenuli zonebis SerCevis SemTxvevaSi saWiro iqneba sxva muskularuli qmedebebis Catareba.<br />

ukanalis zonis gamovlineba<br />

ukanalis zona tuCebis zonis msgavsad Tavisi ganlagebis mixedviT Sesabamisia saimisod,<br />

rom sxeulis sxva funqciebTan erTad seqsualur, erogenul zonad iqces. am nawilis erogenuli<br />

mniSvneloba Tavdapirvelad unda iyos sakmaod mniSvnelovnad warmodgenili. xSir SemTxvevaSi am<br />

zonas mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi SenarCunebuli aqvs garkveuli donis gaRizianebadoba.<br />

froidis azriT ar aris marTebuli gemoroidaluri movlenebis ignorireba,<br />

romlisaTvisac Zveli drois medicinas miniWebuli qonda nevrotuli mdgomareobis axsnaganmartebisas<br />

udidesi mniSvneloba.<br />

bavSvebi romlebic erogenuli zonis gaRizianebas axdenen, xSir SemTxvevaSi ikaveben kuWSi<br />

gasvlas, rom SemdgomSi didi raodenobis ganavalma moaxdinos lorwovani garsis gaRizianeba.<br />

amasTanave tkivilTan erTad aseve sasiamovno SegrZnebac Cndeba. nevrozulobis pirveli niSania<br />

rodesac bavSvs ar aqvs drouli kuWSi gasvlis survili.<br />

aseve ganavlis mimarT bavSvs kidev sxva saxis damokidebulebac aqvs, is mas Tvlis<br />

sakuTari sxeulis nawilad, afasebs mas rogorc “saCuqars”, swored am mniSvnelobidan<br />

gamomdinare is mogvianebiT iZens “bavSvis” mniSvnelobas, romelic erT-erTi infantiluri<br />

seqsualuri Teoriis Tanaxmad Caisaxeba sakvebis miRebisas da ibadeba saWmlis momnelebeli<br />

sistemidan.<br />

fekaluri masebis Sekaveba, nevropatebTan xSirad arsebuli kuWis Sekrulobebis mizezs<br />

warmoadgens.<br />

analuri zonis masturbaciuli gaRizianeba TiTiT sakmaod xSiria zrdasruli asakis<br />

bavSvebTan.<br />

genitaluri zonis gamovlineba<br />

erogenul zonebs Soris aris iseTi romelsac ar eniWeba pirveladi roli da romelic<br />

ver iqneba seqsualuri gancdebis matarebeli Tavdapirvelad, magram momavalSi ukve mniSvnelovani<br />

xdeba. biWisac da gogos SemTxvevaSic es aris Sardis gamoyofasTan dakavSirebuli zona. am<br />

erogenuli zonis seqsualuri gamovlinebani romlebic miekuTvnebian sqesobriv nawilebs,<br />

warmoadgenen “normaluri” sqesobrivi cxovrebis dasawyiss.<br />

anatomiuri ganlagebidan gamomdinare, gamoyofisagan gamowveuli gaRizianebebiTa, dabaniT<br />

da nebismieri higienuri procesidan gamomdinare gaCenili siamovnebis SegrZnebebi bavSvis<br />

yuradRebas ipyroben da iwveven maTi ganmeorebis moTxovnilebas. swored siyrmiseuli onanizmis<br />

formidan gamomdinare (saeWvoa rom vinme ar anxorcielebdes am qmedebas) mtkicdeba am<br />

erogenuli zonis momavali primate sqesobrivi aqtivobis dros. qmedeba romelic iwvevs<br />

siamovnebas mdgomareobs xaxunSi an barZayebis refleqtorul daWeraSi. es ukanaskneli gvxvdeba<br />

gogonebs SemTxvevaSi. biWis mier ganxorcielebul masturbaciul aqtSi is upiratesoba romelic<br />

mieniWeba xels, miuTiTebs im faqtze Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovan damatebas miiRebs dauflebisadmi<br />

swrafva mamakacis sqesobriv qmedebaSi.<br />

24

froidi miuTiTebs, rom arsebobs infantiluri masturbaciis sami faza. pirveli<br />

miekuTvneba yrmobis periods, meore – seqsualuri gamovlinebebis xanmokle gamovlinebas, oTxi<br />

wlis asakis periodSi, mesame Seesabameba sqesobrivi mowifulobis periodSi onanizmis<br />

gamovlinebebs.<br />

bavSvuri masturbaciis meore faza<br />

SesaZlebelia siyrmiseuli masturbaciis uwyveti gagrZeleba sqesobrivi momwifebis<br />

periodis CaTvliT kulturuli adamianisaTvis sasurveli ganviTarebis Seferxebis gamomwvevi<br />

iyos.<br />

SesaZlo viTarebebi gansxvavebuli saxis aris xolme da maTi garkveva SeiZleba mxolod<br />

calkeuli SemTxvevebis detaluri ganxilviT. magram meore fazes yoveli wvrilmani tovebs Rrma<br />

kvals aracnobierSi, da ganapirobebs am piris xasiaTis ganviTarebas da aseve nevrozis<br />

simptomatikas Tuki is avad xdeba axalgazrdobaSi. ukanasknel SemTxvevaSi mTeli es periodi<br />

daviwyebas miecema.<br />

siyrmiseuli masturbaciis dabruneba<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi ZiriTadad saubrobs poluciis SemTxvevebze, romelic ZiriTadad<br />

emarTebaT gogonebs. am periodis Sardis buStis daavadebebi ukavSirdeba seqsualur daavadebebs:<br />

enuresis nocturna rac Seesabameba polucias, Tuki ar aris epileptikuri xasiaTis.<br />

seqsualuri qmedebis axali gamovlinebisaTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs Sinagan mizezebsa da<br />

garegan mizezebs: nevrotuli daavadebis SemTxvevaSi simptomebis formid mxriv SesaZlebelia<br />

gamovicnoT nebismieri, xolo fsiqoanalitikuri kvlevis daxmarebiT avxsnaT orive SemTxveva.<br />

froidi aseve masturbaciis qmedebis mizezad asaxelebs moxiblvis faqtors, romelic<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos ganpirobebuli rogorc zrdasrulebis aseve mozrdili bavSvebi mxridanac.<br />

polimorful-perversiuli winaganwyoba<br />

bavSvi SeiZleba gaxdes polimorful-perversiuli moxiblvis zegavlenidan gamomdinare,<br />

rac mdgomareobs imaSi rom SeiZleba misi dayolieba nebismier garyvnilebaze. es gamomdinareobs<br />

misi konstituciidan – iseTi sulieri maxasiaTeblebi rogoricaa sircxvili, morali da zizRi<br />

jer ar aris Camoyalibebuli masSi. froidi paralels avlebs saSualo arakulturul qalTan<br />

da meZavTan.<br />

calkeuli midrekilebani<br />

Tumca moxiblvis zegavlena ar axdens sqesobrivi ltolvis srul axsnas. Tumca<br />

aRsaniSnavia rom bavSvuri seqsualuri cxovreba Tavidanve aris savse iseTi komponentebiT rac<br />

gulisxmobs sxva seqsualuri obieqtebis arsebobas, garda erogenuli zonebis mniSvnelobisa. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba iseTi komponentebi rogoricaa Tvaliereba, sakuTari Tavis<br />

demonstrireba. froidis sityvebiT bavSvi ar aris morcxvi da Tavisuflad axdens Tavis<br />

demonstrirebas, rac mas siamovnebas aniWebs.<br />

froidi axdens daskvnas rom Tvalierebisadmi ltolva iZens bavSvis seqsualuri<br />

cxovrebis damoukidebel gamovlinebas. amgvari tipis bavSvebi interess gamoxataven sxvebis<br />

genitaliebis mimarT da xdebian intensiuri voyeur-ebi.<br />

gandevnis Semdgom, sxvebis an sakuTari genitaliebis mimarT gamovlenili yuradReba rCeba<br />

akviatebis saxiT, romelic warmoadgens mZlavri impulsebis wyaros garkveuli nevrotuli<br />

SemTxvevebisas.<br />

froidi xazs usvams im faqts rom bavSvis xasiaTisaTvis saerTod damaxasiaTebelia<br />

daundobloba. am ltolvis safuZvliani fsiqologiuri analizi jer-jerobiT ver moxerxda;<br />

SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT rom daundobeli ltolvebi aRmocendebian dapyrobisadmi ltolvidan<br />

25

da vlindebian seqsualur cxovrebaSi iseT dros, rodesac genitaliebs jer ar miuRiaT Tavisi<br />

gviandeli daniSnuleba. is bavSvebi romlebic gamoirCevian cxovelebisadmi da megobrebisadmi<br />

daundoblobiT, eWvs iwveven intensiuri seqsualuri qmedebis TvalsazrisiT.<br />

infantiluri seqsualuri kvleva<br />

Semecnebisadmi ltolva/swrafva<br />

daaxloebiT im droisaTvis rodesac bavSvis seqsualuri cxovreba aRwevs Tavis pirvel<br />

ganviTarebas/gadaSlas, 3-dan 5 wlamde, masSi aseve vlindeba is sawyisebi romelic miewereba<br />

Semecnebisadmi da kvlevisadmi ltolvas. Semecnebisadmi ltolva mxolod seqsualurobas exeba.<br />

misi qmedeba Seesabameba flobis sublimirebul xerxs, aseve meores mxriv is muSaobs rogorc<br />

TvalTvalisadmi ltolvis energia (Schaulust).<br />

sfinqsis amocana<br />

bavSvis kvlevis moqmedebis muSaobas amoZravebs ara Teoriuli, aramed praqtikuli<br />

interesebi. amis gamomwvevia meore bavSvis dabadebis SemTxvevaSi arsebuli SiSi, rom mas<br />

daakldeba siTbo da siyvaruli. pirveli problema romelic mis winaSea wamoWrili ar exeba<br />

sqesTa gansxvavebulobas, aramed sakiTxs: saidan warmoiSvebian bavSvebi?<br />

varaudi imis Sesaxeb rom yvela adamiani aris erTi sqesis (ZiriTadad es mosazreba biWebs<br />

gaaCniaT) warmoSobs Tavisi Sedegebidan gamomdinare mniSvnelovan infantilur seqsualur<br />

Teorias. gogo mzad aris aRiaros is sxvaoba romelic arsebobs qalur da mamakacur sasqeso<br />

organoebs Soris da masSi iRviZebs penisis mimarT adrec arsebuli Suri – risgan<br />

gamomdinareobs SemdgomSi mniSvnelobis mqone survili nebismieri gogos mxridan – rom iyos<br />

biWi.<br />

dabadebis Teoria<br />

froidi asaxelebs Teorias romlis mixedviTac bavSvebi warmoiSobian mas Semdeg rac xdeba<br />

raime sakvebis miReba da SemdgomSi isini ibadebian saWmlis momnelebeli sistemidan.<br />

seqsualuri urTierTobis sadisturi gageba<br />

Tuki xdeba ise rom bavSvi xdeba zrdasrulebs Soris seqsualuri aqtis mowme, xSir<br />

SemTxvevaSi is aRiqvams mas rogorc garkveuli saxis sadistur qmedebas – Zaladobas, agresias<br />

da a. S. saidanac gamomdinareobs varaudi rom bavSvs ar SeuZlia raime seqsualuri Sinaarsis<br />

aRqma. fsiqoanalizi gvaZlevs saSualebas gavigoT rom msgavsi tipis naadrevi STabeWdileba<br />

safuZvels iZleva rom mogvianebiT moxdes seqsualuri miznis sadisturi gadaxra.<br />

bavSvuri seqsualuri kvlevis tipiuri warumatebloba<br />

zogadad bavSvis seqsualuri Teoriebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba iTqvas, rom isini warmoadgenen<br />

bavSvis seqsualuri konstituciis asaxvas.<br />

bavSvebi sakmaod kargad amCneven im cvlilebebs romelic gamowveulia dedis orsulobiT<br />

da zRapari weros Sesaxeb maTTvis ukve aRar JRers damajereblad. magram sakuTriv<br />

ganayofierebis organos Sesaxeb bavSvi verasodes ver xvdeba, rac faqtiurad mTavrdeba imiT, rom<br />

bavSvebis kvlevebi unayofo rCeba.<br />

Tumca seqsualuri kvleva mniSvnelovan safexurs warmoadgens samyaroSi damoukidebeli<br />

orientirebis pirveli nabijebis TvalsazrisiT.<br />

seqsualuri organizaciis ganviTarebis fazebi<br />

26

jer-jerobiT iyo aRniSnuli rom seqsualuri organizaciis maxasiaTeblebi ZiriTadad<br />

autoerotiulia da rom misi calkeuli ltolvebi (erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad myofi)<br />

miiswrafvian siamovnebis miRebisaTvis. dasasruli aisaxeba zrdasrulTa normalur seqsualur<br />

cxovrebaSi, romlis SemTxvevaSic siamovnebis miReba saxeobis gagrZelebas miesadageba/erTvis.<br />

xolo calkeuli ltolvebi erTi erogenuli zonis primatis safuZvelze ayalibeben seqsualuri<br />

miznis miRwevis myar organizacias sxva seqsualur obieqtTan erTad.<br />

pregenitaluri organizaciebi<br />

seqsualuri cxovrebis is organizaciebi, sadac genitalurma zonebma jer-jerobiT ver<br />

SeiZines TavianTi upiratesi mniSvnelovnoba, pregenitaluri zonebia. jer-jerobiT froidis<br />

azriT cnobilia mxolod ori aseTi organizaciis Sesaxeb.<br />

pirveli aseTi pregenitaluri organizacia aris oraluri, an kanibaluri. seqsualuri<br />

qmedeba jer ar aris CamoSorebuli sakvebis miRebisagan, xolo winaaRmdegobrivobebi jerjerobiT<br />

ar ari diferencirebuli. seqsualuri mizani mdgomareobs obieqtis STanTqmaSi. am<br />

fiqtiuri paTologiiT Tavs moxveuli organizaciis gadmonaSTi mdgomareobs wovaSi, romlis<br />

SemTxvevaSic seqsualuri qmedeba uars ambobs gare obieqtze, Tavis sxeulze arsebuli obieqtis<br />

gamo.<br />

meore pregenitalur fazas warmoadgens sadistur-analuri organizacia. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

ukve aris ganviTarebuli winaaRmdegobrivoba romelic Tan sdevs mTels seqsualur cxovrebas,<br />

magram is jer ver iqneba saxeldebuli rogorc mamakacuri an qaluri, is aris aqtiuri an<br />

pasiuri. aqtiuroba vlindeba rogorc ltolva flobisadmi sxeulis muskulaturis mxridan,<br />

xolo saWmlis momenelebeli sistemis lorwovani garsis erogenuli zona rogorc pasiuri<br />

seqsualuri mizani; orive ltolvas aqvs Tavisi obieqtebi, romlebis ar Seesabameba erTmaneTs.<br />

ambivalentoba<br />

organizaciis es forma SesaZlebelia iyos SenarCunebuli mTeli cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi<br />

da mas daukavSirdes seqsualuri moqmedebis mniSvnelovani nawili. sadizmis upiratesoba,<br />

romelic analuri zonisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli mas arqaul xasiaTs aniWebs. misi sxva<br />

maxasiaTebeli aisaxeba imaSi rom orive sapirispiro ltolva, gaerTianebuli wyvilSi<br />

ganviTarebulia TiTqmis erTnairad, risi matarebelic aris termini ambivalentoba.<br />

infantiluri seqsualobis suraTis dasrulebuli aRqmisaTvis aucilebelia davamatoT rom<br />

xSirad, an SeiZleba iTqvas yovelTvis obieqtis SerCeva bavSvobis asakSi xdeba iseTive formiT,<br />

rogorc es aris damaxasiaTebeli sqesobrivi mowifulobis fazisaTvis, yvela seqsualuri<br />

swrafvebi mimarTulia mxolod erT adamianze romelTanac surT miznis miRweva.<br />

obieqtis arCevani ori drois monakveTSi<br />

SeiZleba iTqvas rom obieqtis arCevani xdeba ori drois monakveTSi, ori biZgidan<br />

gamomdinare. pirveli biZgi iwyeba 2-dan 5 wlamde da latenturi periodis ganmavlobaSi<br />

SeCerebulia an regress ganicdis; is gamoirCeva Tavisi seqsualuri miznebis infantiluri<br />

bunebiT. meore iwyeba sqesobrivi momwifebis dasawyisSi da saboloo seqsualuri cxovrebis<br />

formas ganapirobebs.<br />

obieqtis infantiluri SerCevis Sedegebi aisaxeba cxovrebis ufro gviandel periodSi; an<br />

xdeba maTi SenarCuneba, an gamococxleba sqesobrivi cxovrebis dawyebisas.<br />

obieqtis arCevani sqesobrivi simwifis dros ukve unda uaryofdes infantilur obieqtebs<br />

da ganaxldes rogorc grZnobis dineba.<br />

infantiluri seqsualobis wyaroebi<br />

27

froidis dakvirvebidan gamomdinare seqsualuri gaRizianeba aRmocendeba: a) rogorc<br />

dakmayofilebis ganaxleba, romelic iyo gancdaSi sxva organul procesebTan kavSirSi; b)<br />

periferiuli zonebis Sesabamisi gaRizianebidan gamomdinare; g) rogorc ganpirobebuli iseTi<br />

“ltolvebis” arsebobidan gamomdinare, rogoricaa ltolva TvalTvalisa da daundoblobisadmi.<br />

erogenuli zonebis Seswalisas aRmoCnda, rom kanis es nawilebi gamoirCevian garkveuli<br />

saxis gaRizianebulobiT, romelic Cveulia kanis mTeli zedapirisaTvis.<br />

meqanikuri gaRizianebebi<br />

garda amisa froidi amatebs, rom seqsualuri gaRizianebis wyaro aseve SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

sxeulis ritmuli, meqanikuri ryeviT miRebuli aRznebadobebi. is ganasxvavebda sami saxis<br />

gaRizianebas: vestibularuli nervebis mgrZnobelobiTi aparati, kani da sxeulis siRrmiseuli<br />

nawilebi (kunTebi, myesebis aparati).<br />

sxeulis meqanikuri SeryeviT miRebuli siamovnebis dasturs warmoadgens is faqti, rom<br />

bavSvebs ase uyvarT iseTi tipis pasiuri TamaSebi rogoricaa rweva, haerSi agdeba, ris<br />

gameorebasac iTxoven xolme.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom igive ryeviTi moZraobebi, matarebliT an ekipaJiT mgzavrobis dros,<br />

SesaZlebelia iyvnen dakavSirebuli moZraobiTi SegrZnebebis woviT xasiaTTan, maTi<br />

seqsualurobac aseve swored aqedan gamomdinareobs. Tuki amas davamatebT gandevnas, rac<br />

sapirispirod aqcevs yvelafers, rasac bavSvebi upiratesobas aniWeben, maSin SeiZleba iTqvas rom<br />

mozardobisas da zrdasrul asakSic, zogierTi igive garemoebaze (matarebliT mgzavroba an raime<br />

sxva) reagirebs gulis revis SegrZnebiT, iRlebian mgzavrobisagan, an SiSis Setevebs avlenen da<br />

Tvs arideben mgzavrobas saerTod.<br />

muskulaturis muSaoba<br />

cnobilia, rom kunTuri moZraobis Warbi qmedeba aris bavSvis is moTxovlineba<br />

romlisaganac is udides siamovnebas ganicdis. mtkiceba imis Sesaxeb rom es siamovneba<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos raime saxis kavSirSi seqsualurTan sakmaod did winaaRmdegobas xvdeba. magram<br />

sakmaod bevri adamianeba yveba imis Sesaxeb rom seqsualuri aRgznebis pirveli niSnebi maTTvis<br />

SesamCnevi iyo maSin rodesac isini TavianT TanatolebTan Widaobdnen. am SemTxvevaSi garda<br />

kunTuri daZabulobisa aseve mniSvnelobis mqonea kanze Sexebac.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom Tanamedrove kulturuli ganaTleba axalgazrdobas seqsualuro<br />

qmedebisagan sportiT CamoaSorebs, Tumca ufro swori iqneboda yofiliyo naTqvami, rom sporti<br />

seqsualuri qmedebis Canacvlebas axdens mxolod.<br />

afeqturi procesebi<br />

naklebad aris saeWvo bavSvis seqsualuri gaRizianebis sxva wyaroebi. uSualo dakvirvebiT<br />

SesaZlebelia gamovitanoT daksvna, rom yvela afeqturi procesi, is aRgznebac ki romelic<br />

gamoiwveva SiSisagan, gadaecema seqsualurobas. froids moyavs gamocdis wina nerviulobis<br />

magaliTebi. rTuli amocanebis amoxsnasTan dakavSirebuli daZabuloba SesaZlebelia gadaiqces<br />

seqsualuri gaRizianebis afeTqebad. am SemTxvevaSi Cndeba gamRizianebeli SegrZnebebi, rac maT<br />

aiZulebT genitaliebze xelis mokidebisaken, iwvevs poluciis msgavs process.<br />

inteleqtualuri Sroma<br />

garda amisa froidis azriT sakmaod advilia davrwmundeT imaSi, rom mravali<br />

axalgazrdisaTvis daZabuli gonebrivi samuSao iwvevs seqsualur gaRizianebas. swored es aris<br />

namdvili safuZveli nervuli daavadebebisa, romlebic xSir SemTxvevaSi pouloben saeWvo<br />

ganmartebas gonebrivi “gadatvirTvis” momizezebiT.<br />

28

a) gansxvavebuli seqsualuri konstituciebi<br />

froidi saubrobs sqesobrivi gaRizianebis wyaroebze. SesaZlebelia davuSvaT, rom es<br />

wyaroebi iZlevian biZgs yvela individTan, magram erTnairi siZlieriT es ar xdeba. da rom<br />

seqsualuri gaRizianebis calkeuli wyaroebis momdevno ganviTareba xels uwyobs gansxvavebuli<br />

seqsualuri konstituciebis Semdgom diferenciacias.<br />

b) ormxrivi zegavlenis SesaZleblobani/gzebi<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi saubrobs im damakavSirebel gzebze romelic aerTianebs seqsualur<br />

gaRizianebas ama Tu im gansxvavebul funqciebTan.<br />

Tuki magaliTad CvenTvis cnobilia, rom yuradRebis koncentracia dakavSirebulia<br />

seqsualur gaRizianebasTan, maSin froidis varaudiT seqsualuri gaRizianeba sapirispirod<br />

yuradRebis koncentrirebis SesaZleblobaze zemoqmedebs.<br />

III warmonqmnebi sqesobrivi momwifebis dros<br />

sqesobrivi momwifebisas dgeba im cvlilebebis dro, rodesac seqsualuri cxovreba<br />

infantiluri fazidan Tavis saboloo normalur formebSi unda Camoyalibdes. seqsualuri<br />

ltolva aqamde iyo autoerotiuli xasiaTis exla ki moipovebs obieqts. Tuki adre seqsualuri<br />

ltolvis gamovlineba xdeboda calkeul erogenul zonebSi damoukideblad, romelTaTvisac<br />

garkveuli saxis siamovneba erTaderT seqsualur mizans warmoadgenda, exla aris axali<br />

seqsualuri mizani, romlis miRwevisaTvis moqmedebs yvela calkeuli ltolva, xolo erogenuli<br />

zonebi genitaluri zonis primats eqvemdebarebian. vinaidan axali seqsualuri mizani orive sqess<br />

gansxvavebul funqciebs aniWebs, maTi ganviTareba gansxvavebul mimarTulebas iZens. froidi<br />

aRniSnavs, rom mamakacis ganviTareba ufro gasagebia, maSin rodesac qalis SemTxvevaSi garkveuli<br />

saxis regressac ki vxvdebiT.<br />

mamakacis SemTxvevaSi seqsualuri siamovnebis miniWeba aseve iZens gvaris gagrZelebis<br />

mniSvnelobas, is erTis mxriv altruistuli saxis aris .<br />

genitaluri zonis primati da winare tkboba<br />

yvelaze arsebiTi rac mowifulobis Tanmxlebia aris is rac Tvals yvelaze metad xvdeba,<br />

- garegani genitaliebis aSkara gazrda. risi zrdis Seferxebazec axdens gavlenas bavSvobis<br />

latenturi periodi. amave dros Sinagani genitaliebis zrda imdenad ganviTarda, rom maT<br />

sqesobrivi produqtebis gamoyofis unaric aqvT an maTi SeTvisebisa axali arsebis SeqmnisaTvis.<br />

amgvarad warmoiqmna Zalian rTuli aparati, romelic elis rom is gamoiyenon.<br />

es aparati unda amoqmeddes. dakvirvebebi gviCveneben, rom gamRizianeblebma masSi sami gzis<br />

saSualebiT SeiZleba SeaRwion: gare samyarodan, CvenTvis ukve nacnobi erogenuli zonebis<br />

aRgznebiT; Sinagani organoebidan da im gzebiT romelTa kvlevac jer kidev saWiro iqneba,<br />

sulieri cxovrebidan, romelic TavisTavad garegani STabeWdilebebis saganZuri da Sinagani<br />

aRgznebebis mimRebia. yvela am sami gziT miiReba is mdgomareoba, romelsac “seqsualuri<br />

aRgzneba” ewodeba da romelic ori saxis niSniT vlindeba, sulieriTa da somaturiT. sulieri<br />

niSnebi daZabulobis Tavisebur SegrZnebaSi vlindebian romelsac ukiduresad impulsuri xasiaTi<br />

gaaCnia: garegani cvilebebidan pirvel rigSi SeimCneva genitaliebis mTeli rigi cvlilebebi, rac<br />

seqsualuri aqtisaTvis mzaobaze metyvelebs.<br />

seqsualuri aRznebuloba<br />

seqsualuri aRznebulobiT gamowveuli daZabulobis SegrZnebasTan dakavSirebiT froidi<br />

Tvlis, rom miuxedavad gabatonebuli azrisa, es SegrZneba TavisTavad ufro arasasiamovno unda<br />

iyos. misTvis gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis aris is, rom es SegrZneba fsiqikuri viTarebis Secvlis<br />

29

survils ganapirobebs da aqtivobisadmi iZleva biZgs, rac sruliad ucxoa tkbobis<br />

SegrZnebisaTvis. magram miuxedavad amisa is mainc sasiamovnod ganicdeba. yvelgan siamovneba im<br />

daZabulobasTan aris gaerTianebuli, romelic seqsualuri procesebiT aris gamowveuli.<br />

yvelaferi is rac Seexeba “daZabulobisa da siamovnebis” sakiTxs Tanamedrove<br />

fsiqologiis mtkivneul adgils exeba.<br />

seqsualuri obieqtisagan yvelaze moSorebuli – Tvalis zona, obieqtisadmi<br />

dainteresebulobis SemTxvevaSi xSirad aRmoCndeba xolme iseT mdgomareobaSi rom aRigzneba<br />

obieqtis im maxasiaTebliT romelsac Cven silamazes vuwodebT. am gamRizianeblidan gamomdinare<br />

erTis mxriv tkboba, xolo meores mxriv seqsualuri aRgznebulobis mateba gamoiwveva.<br />

ra ganapirobebs im faqts rom tkbobis SegrZneba kidev ufro meti tkbobis SegrZnebas<br />

iTxovs. mis zrdas iTxovs?<br />

winare tkbobis meqanizmi<br />

erogenuli zonebis daniSnulebas warmoadgens tkbobis garkveuli raodenobis Semotana,<br />

rac Sesabamisi gaRizianebiT gamoiwveva; tkboba gaRizianebis matebas iwvevs, romelic Tavis mxriv<br />

unda iZleodes motorul energias sqesobrivi aqtis dasasruleblad. misi dasrulebis winare<br />

safexurs isev da isev erogenuli zonis, TviT genitaluri zonis gaRizianeba warmoadgens. am<br />

tkbobis zegavleniT refleqtoruli gziT viTardeba motoruli energia, romelic sqesobrivi<br />

sekreciis gamoyofas ganapirobebs. es ukanaskneli tkboba Tavisi intensivobiT yvelaze Zlieria,<br />

is meqnizmis mxriv gansxvavdeba adreulisagan. misi gamowveva xdeba daZabulobis sruli<br />

ganmuxtvis sedegad, is TavisTavad warmoadgens dakmayofilebidan gamomdinare srul tkbobas,<br />

amasTanave droebiT libidos daZabulobac qreba.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom saWiroa erogenuli zonebis gaRizianebasa da tkbobas Soris mkafio<br />

gansxvavebis moxdena. pirveli SesaZlebelia iyos wodebuli rogorc winare tkboba (Vorlust)<br />

xolo meore, rogorc saboloo tkboba (Endlust). winare tkboba infantiluri seqsualuri<br />

ltolvis msgavsia.<br />

winare tkbobis saSiSroebani<br />

Tumca winare tkbobis dakavSireba infantilur seqsualur cxovrebasTan mtkicdeba im<br />

paTogenuri roliT romelic man SesaZloa miiRos. im meqanizmidan, romelic winare tkbobas<br />

ganapirobebs, normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebis miRwevis saSiSroeba warmoiqmneba. es saSiSroeba<br />

dgeba maSin, rodesac mosamzadebeli seqsualuri procesebis romelime momentSi winare tkboba<br />

zedmetad intensiuri xdeba, xolo Sesabamisi daZabuloba SedarebiT umniSvneloa. maSin<br />

seqsualuri procesis gagrZelebis midrekileba klebulobs, mTeli es procesi mokldeba da<br />

mosamzadebeli aqti seqsualuri miznis adgils ikavebs. es SemTxveva ganpirobebulia imiT, rom<br />

Sesabamisi erogenuli zona an midrekileba ukve bavSvobis asakSi tkbobis ganuzomel raodenobas<br />

iZleoda. Tuki amas emateba kidev fiqsaciis momentebic, maSin momavalSi advili SesaZlebelia<br />

akviatebulobis gaCena, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba rom winare tkboba raime axal process / aqts<br />

daukavSirdes. sinamdvileSi swored aseTia mravali perversiis meqanizmi, romelic TavisTavad<br />

seqsualuri procesis mosamzadebel aqtebze SeCerebas warmoadgens.<br />

ukve bavSvobis asakSi tkbobisagan dakmayofilebis garda aseve garkveulwilad seqsualur<br />

daZabulobasac aqvs adgili, Tumca is naklebad mdgradi da srulfasovania.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom Semecnebis procesSi, Tavdapirvelad zrdasruli da infantiluri<br />

seqsualuri cxovrebis Soris arsebuli sxvaoba Cvens warmodgenaSi sakmaod didi iyo, xolo<br />

exla ukve garkveul koreqturas vawarmoebT. seqsualurobis adreuli gamovlinebani<br />

ganapirobeben ara mxolod normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebisagan gadaxras, aramed mis normalur<br />

formasac ki.<br />

seqsualuri aRgznebis problemebi<br />

30

froidi amtkicebs, rom is varaudi, romlis mixedviTac seqsualuri daZabuloba TviT<br />

tkbobidan warmoiqmneba ubralod gamoricxulia, vinaidan ukiduresi tkbobis SemTxvevaSic ki ar<br />

warmoiqmneba aranairi daZabuloba, piriqiT daZabuloba qreba am SemTxvevaSi. aqedan gamomdinare<br />

seqsualuri daZabuloba da tkboba SesaZlebelia arapirdapiri gzebiT iyvnen dakavSirebuli.<br />

seqsualuri sekreciis roli<br />

im adamianebis sasqeso aparati vinc Tavs ikavebs seqsualuri kavSirisagan, garkveuli<br />

drois ganvlis Semdeg (es droiTi monakveTi rogorc wesi zustia xolme), Tavisufldeba<br />

seqsualuri gamoyofisagan. es xdeba sizmris dros, rodesac maT seqsualuri aqti esizmrebaT,<br />

risi Tanmxlebic aris tkbobis SegrZneba. am gamoyofis garkveuli maragis ar qonis SemTxvevaSi<br />

rTulia ara mxolod seqsualuri aqtis Sesruleba, aramed erogenuli zonebis gaRizianebadobac<br />

ki qreba, romelTa Sesabamisi gaRizianebis gareSe SeuZlebelia tkbobis gamowveva.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia imis daSveba, rom gavrcelebuli azris mixedviT,<br />

seqsualuri produqtebis dagroveba seqsualur daZabulobas qmnis da mas inarCunebs imiT, rom<br />

am produqtebis zewola im organoebis kedlebze romelSic isini imyofebian moqmedebs rogorc<br />

zurgis tvinis centris gaRizianeba, xolo es mdgomareoba TavisTavad aRiqmeba umaRlesi<br />

centrebiT da aisaxeba cnobierebaSi rogroc cnobili gaRizianebis SegrZneba.<br />

magram am mosazrebis sisuste mdgomareobs imaSi rom is iTvaliswinebs mxolod mamakacebs.<br />

bavSvebis, qalebisa da mamakaci kastratebis SemTxvevaSi is gamosadegi ar aris, vinaidan am<br />

SemTxvevaSi sasqeso produqtebis dagrovebas adgili ar aqvs.<br />

Sinagani sasqeso organoebis Sefaseba<br />

mamakaci kastratebis dakvirveba gviCvenebs, rom seqsualuri aRgzneba SesaZlebelia sasqeso<br />

sekreciis produqtebisagan damoukidebeli iyos. arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebi, rodesac operacia<br />

ar axdens gavlenas libidoze. garda amisa, cnobilia, rom daavadebebi romelic mamakacur<br />

produqcias anadgureben, libidosa da potencias ar avneben, miuxedavad imisa, rom adamiani ukve<br />

steriluria.<br />

qimiuri Teoria<br />

cxovelebze Catarebulma cdebma, ufro metad gamoarkvia seqsualuri aRgznebis<br />

warmomavloba da sqesobrivi produqtebis dagrovebis mniSvneloba kidev ufro Seamcires.<br />

eqsperimentis meSveobiT SesaZlebeli aRmoCnda mdedris mamrad gadaqceva da piriqiT mamris<br />

mdedrad. amasTanave sqesis somatur maxasiaTebelTan erTad icvleboda cxovelis<br />

fsiqoseqsualuri qcevac.sqesze amgvari gavlena gaaCnia ara im Canasaxis jirkvals, romelic<br />

sqesis specifikur sasqeso ujredebs warmoqmnis, aramed misi intersticialuri qsovili.<br />

froidis sityvebiT Cven SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom Canasaxis jirkvlis intersticialuri<br />

nawilisagan gamoiyofa gansakuTrebuli qimiuri nivTierebebi, romlebic aRiqmebian sisxlis mier<br />

da centraluri nervuli sistemis garkveul nawils seqsualuri daZabulobiT muxtaven.<br />

nevrozebi, romelTa axsnac mxolod sqesobrivi cxovrebis darRvevebiT aris SesaZlebeli,<br />

gviCveneben yvelze ufro met klinikur msgavsebas intoqsikaciisa da Tavis Sekavebis fenomenebs<br />

Soris, romlebic miiRebian tkbobis momtani Sxamiani nivTierebebis pirveladi miRebisas<br />

(alkaloidebi igulisxmeba).<br />

libidos Teoria<br />

froidis sityvebiT man gamoimuSava libidos iseTi cneba, romlis mixedviTac libido<br />

warmoadgens raodenobrivad cvalebad Zalas, romelsac ZaluZs seqsualuri aRgznebis sferoSi<br />

arsebuli yvela procesisa da gardaqmnebis gazomva. am libidos ganasxvaveben energiisagan,<br />

romelic ZiriTadad sulieri procesebis safuZvelSi unda moTavsdes, riTac mas aseve<br />

31

gansakuTrebuli xarisxobrivi mniSvneloba mieniWeba. perverziebisa da fsiqonevrozebis analizma<br />

dagvarwmuna, rom seqsualuri aRgzneba warmoiqmneba ara mxolod egret wodebuli sqesobrivi<br />

organoebidan, aramed sxeulis yvela organodan. aqedan gamomdinare aRmocendeba warmodgena<br />

libidos garkveuli raodenobis Sesaxeb, fsiqikurad warmodgenili me-libido (Ich libido) romlis<br />

produqciam unda mogvaniWos fsiqoseqsualuri fenomenebis axsnis SesaZlebloba.<br />

magram misi analitikuri kvleva SesaZlebelia mxolod maSin, rodesac am libidom<br />

fsiqikuri gamoyeneba moipova, rom moaxdinos seqsualur obieqtebTan dakavSireba, libidoobieqtad<br />

gardaqmna.<br />

rac Seexeba obieqti-libidos beds SesaZlebelia kidev erTi maxasiaTeblis Sesaxeb<br />

aRniSvna, rodesac is CamoSorebulia obieqtebisagan is daZabulobis mdgomareobaSia datovebuli<br />

da bolos isev ubrundeba “mes”, ase rom is isev “me-libidod” iqceva. me-libidos, obieqtlibidos<br />

sapirispirod, froidi narcisistul libidos eZaxis. aqve yalibdeba warmodgena<br />

libidos orive formis urTierTobis Sesaxeb. narcisistuli libido, an “me-libido”, froids<br />

ufro metad warmoudgenia rogorc didi rezervuari, romlidanac wargzavnilia mijaWvulobani<br />

obieqtebis mimarT, rac Semdeg isev ukan brundeba; narcisistuli mijaWvuloba da libidos<br />

mijaWvuloba “mesTan” froidma gaaigiva im mdgomareobasTan, romelic ganxorcilelebuli iyo<br />

adreul bavSvobaSi, romelic mxolod da mxolod SeniRbulia gviandeli wanazardebis<br />

daxmarebiT, magram arsebiTad is isev ucvlelia.<br />

froidis azriT sirTule mdgomareobs imaSi, rom <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> rogorc kvlevis meTodi, jerjerobiT<br />

iZleva cnobebs mxolod da mxolod obieqt-libidos saxecvlilebebis Sesaxeb, xolo<br />

“me-libidos” “me”-s danarCeni moqmedi energiebisagan gancalkeveba mas ar ZaluZs.<br />

mamakacisa da qalis sxvaoba<br />

mamakacisa da qalis Tandayolili sqesobrivi sxvaobebi SesamCnevia ukve bavSvobis<br />

asakidanve: seqsualuri Sekavebulobis ganviTareba (morcxvoba, zizRi, TanagrZnoba da a. S.)<br />

gogonasTan ufro adre vlindeba da nakleb winaaRmdegobas xvdeba biWTan SedarebiT; saerTod<br />

seqsualuri gandevnisadmi midrekileba ufro metad aris SesamCnevi: sadac seqsualuri<br />

midrekilebebis gamovlinebebs aqvs adgili, upiratesoba pasiur formas eniWeba. magram erogenuli<br />

zonebis autoerotiuli (autoeroticizmi – TviT-inicirebuli eroticizmi.<br />

miuxedavad imisa, rom masturbacia autoerotiuli aqtis klasikuri magaliTia, es<br />

termini aseve gansxvavebuli qcevebisadmi da fiqrebisadmic gamoiyeneba, romelTac<br />

seqsualuri elementebi gaaCniaT, fantaziis, sizmrebis CaTvliT da a. S.) qmedeba<br />

msgavsia orive sqesis SemTxvevaSi da aqedan gamomdinare bavSvobaSi ar vlindeba sqesobrivi<br />

sxvaoba. autoerotiuli da masturbaciuli seqsualuri gamovlinebebis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />

SesaZlebeli iqneboda varaudi, rom patara gogonebis seqsualoba sakmaod mamakacuri xasiaTis<br />

matarebelia. froidi aseve Tvlis rom libido yovelTvis mamakacuria, miuxedavad imisa vxvdebiT<br />

mas mamakacTan Tu qalTan – orive SemTxvevaSi.<br />

mamakacisa da qalis wamyvani zonebi<br />

froidi garda amisa kidev amatebs, rom mdedrobiTi sqesis bavSvis SemTxvevaSic erogenuli<br />

zona mdebareobs klitorSi, aqedan gamomdinare is homologiuria gacis genitaliur zonasTan,<br />

kacis sasqeso organos TavTan. (homologiuri – 1) biologiuri struqturebi romlebic<br />

struqturis tipiTa da warmoSobiT arian msgavsni, magram aucilebeli ar aris<br />

qondeT msgavsi funqcia. cxenis wina fexi da Citis frTa homologiuri<br />

struqturebia. es aris biollogis mier analogis gamoyenebis kontrasti, sadac<br />

funqcia msgavsia, magram warmoSoba da struqtura gansxvavebulia, magaliTad<br />

Citisa da futkris frTebi. 2) qceva, romelic msgavs kavSirs gamoxatavs,<br />

magaliTad teritoriis SegrZneba babuinebTan homologiurad miiCneva homo<br />

sapiensTa teritoriis SegrZnebasTan). yvelaferi rac ki froids SeeZlo gaego gogos<br />

masturbaciasTan dakavSirebiT exeboda klitorsda ara garegani genitaliebis nawilebTan. froidi<br />

32

ambobs, rom visac surs patara gogos qalad Camoyalibebis gageba, man klitoris aRgznebis<br />

ganviTareba unda Seiswavlos. sqesobrivi momwifebis periodi, romelic biWisaTvis libidos<br />

mZlavr afeTqebas warmoadgens, gogosTan gandevnis axalis talRis saxiT vlindeba. amasTanave am<br />

gandevnas mamakacis seqsualuri cxovrebis garkveuli nawilic eqvemdebareba. qalis gandevnis<br />

safuZvelze aRmocenebuli seqsualuri Sekaveba mamakacis libidos gaRizianebas iwvevs da misi<br />

seqsualuri qmedebis gaZlierebas iwvevs. libidos amaRleba seqsualuri gadafasebis gaZlierebas<br />

iwvevs, romelic sruli saxiT SesaZlebelia mxolod sakuTari seqsualobis uarmyofi qalisadmi<br />

gamovlindes. xSir SemTxvevaSi qali aris anesTetiuri. amgvari anesTezia SesaZlebelia didi xnis<br />

ganmavlobaSi gagrZeldes, rodesac klitoris zona ar gadascems gaRizianebas. es ganpirobebulia<br />

misi aqtiuri qmedebiT bavSvobis asakSi. cnobilia rom qalis anesTezia aris mxolod moCvenebiTi,<br />

lokaluri. anesTeziis am erogenul mizezebs aseve uerTdeba fsiqikuri mizezebic, rac aseve<br />

gandevniT aris ganpirobebuli.<br />

Tuki erogenuli gaRizianebis gadatana SesaZlebeli aRmoCnda, qals is zona ecvleba,<br />

romelic udides mniSvnelobas iZens momdevno seqsualur cxovrebaSi, xolo mamakacs<br />

bavSvobidanve zona erTsa da imave adgilas aqvs. swored am wamyvani erogenuli zonis<br />

gadanacvlebisa da aseve gandevnis talRis mizeziT, romelic sqesobrivi mowifulobis<br />

asakisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli, upiratesad qalebis nevroziTa da isteriiT daavadebisadmi<br />

midrekileba aixsneba. froidi Tvlis, rom es mizezebi rasakvirvelia qalurobis arsTan aris<br />

mWidrod dakavSirebuli.<br />

obieqtis povna<br />

rodesac sqesobrivi mowifulobis periodSi yalibdeba genitaliuri zonis primate da<br />

mamakacis sasqeso organos ereqcia axali seqsualuri miznis gaCenas ganapirobebs, fsiqikuri<br />

TvalsazrisiT obieqtis povnis procesi moqmedebs, romlisadmi momzadebac adreuli bavSvobidanve<br />

iwyeba. rodesac pirveli seqsualuri dakmayofileba sakvebis miRebasTan iyo kavSirSi,<br />

seqsualuri ltolvis seqsualur obieqts dedis ZuZu warmoadgenda, romelic sakuTari sxeulis<br />

gareT mdebareobda. rodesac xdeba misgan CamoSoreba sqesobrivi ltolva autoerotiul xasiaTs<br />

iZens da mxolod latenturi periodis gadalaxvis Semdgom isev myardeba pirvandeli<br />

damokidebuleba. obieqtis povna arsebiTad TavisTavad meorad Sexvedras warmoadgens.<br />

seqsualuri obieqti yrmobis dros<br />

mTeli latenturi periodis ganmavlobaSi bavSvi sxvebis siyvaruls swavlobs. maTi vinc<br />

mas yvelanariad exlareba umweobis gadalaxvaSi, es urTierTobebis Tavis mxriv dedasTan yrmobis<br />

asakSi arsebuli urTierTobebis gagrZelebas warmoadegnen.<br />

froidis azriT bavSvis urTierToba mis dedasTan an ZiZasTan seqsaluri aRgznebisa da<br />

erogenuli zonebis meSveobiT misi dakmayofilebis uwyvet wyaros warmoadgens. Cveulebriv e<br />

saris deda – romelic Tavismxriv bavSvis mimarT im grZnobebs ganicdis, rac misi seqsualuri<br />

cxovrebidan aris warmomavali. is mas arwevs, efereba mas da ise kocnis rogorc srulfasovan<br />

seqsualur obieqts. is Tavis qmedebebs ganixilavs rogorc seqsualuri “sufTa” siyvarulis<br />

gamovlinebas, vinaidan is yvelanairad cdilobs bavSvis genitaliebSi aRgznebis gamowvevas Tavi<br />

aaridos, ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia bavSvis movlisas. froidi amtkicebs imas, rom deda rom<br />

acnobierebdes Tu raoden didi mniSvneloba aqvT ltolvebs sulieri cxovrebisaTvis, yvela<br />

eTikuri da fsiqikuri gamovlinebebisaTvis, maSin yvelafris gacnobierebis Semdegac ki is<br />

Tavisufali iqneboda sindisis qenjnisagan.<br />

aseve frioidi Tvlis, rom zedmeti mSobliuri siyvaruli ra Tqma unda SesaZloa<br />

mavnebelic ki iyos, vinaidan sqesobrivi momwifeba naadrevad iwyeba, aseve imitomac, rom es<br />

bavSvs anebivrebs da aqveiTebs mis unars uaryos siyvaruli momdevno cxovrebaSi droebiT an misi<br />

naklebi raodenobiT dakmayofildes.<br />

infantiluri SiSi<br />

33

TviTon bavSvebic iqcevian ise, TiTqos da maTi damokidebuleba aRmzrdelis mimarT<br />

Tavisi bunebiT seqsualur siyvaruls warmoadgens. bavSvebis SiSi warmoadgens mxolod da<br />

mxolod imas, rom maT sayvareli adamiani akliaT; amitomac nebismier ucnobs isini SiSiT<br />

xvdebian. maT eSiniaT sibnelis, vinaidan am SemTxvevaSi ver xedaven sayvarel adamians, xolo<br />

Tuki misi xelis daWeris SesaZlebloba iZlevaT – mSviddebian. amave dros bavSvi iqceva rogorc<br />

zrdasruli, is libidos SiSad gadaaqcevs rodesac dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas ver poulobs.<br />

amis sapirispirod zrdasruli, romelic daukmayofilebeli libidos gamo nevrotulia, SiSis<br />

SemTxvevaSi bavSvis msgavsad iqceva, mas eSinia martoobis, im piris gareSe romlis siyvarulSic<br />

darwmunebuli iqneba. am SemTxvevaSi zrdasruli Tavis SiSs bavSvuri RonisZiebebiT aqarwylebs.<br />

incestis SezRudva<br />

froidi Tvlis rom bavSvs uadvildeba seqsualur obieqtebad im adamianebis SerCeva vinc<br />

mas pataraobaSi uyvarda miyruebuli libidoTi. magram amave dros seqsualuri mowifulobis<br />

SeyovnebiT, sakmarisi dro aRmoCnda imisaTvis, rom sxva seqsualur SekavebebTan erTad incestis<br />

SezRudvac aRimarTos, rom moxdes im zneobrivi winapirobebis gaSinagneba, romelTa mixedviTac<br />

sruliad gamoricxulia seqsualuri obieqtebis SerCevisas sakuTar naTesavebze fiqri. am<br />

SezRudvis dacva pirvel rigSi sazogadoebis kulturul moTxovnilebas warmoadgens, romelic<br />

upirispirdeba ojaxis mier yvela interesebis dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas, raTa moxdes kidev<br />

ufro maRali socialuri erTeulebis Seqmna.<br />

magram obieqtis SerCeva pirvel rigSi xdeba warmodgenaSi, romlebic arasodes ar unda<br />

ganxorcieldnen. am fantaziebSi vlindeba infantiluri midrekilebebi, rac ukve somaturi<br />

gamovlinebebiTac aRiniSneba. am fantaziebSi pirvel rigSia ltolva mSoblebis mimarT – gogos<br />

mamisadmi da biWis dedisadmi.<br />

incestuozuri fantaziebis gadalaxvasTan erTad kidev erTi umniSvnelovanesi da<br />

mtkivneuli fsiqikuri samuSaos Catareba xdeba – mSobelTa avtoritetisagan ganTavisufleba,<br />

risi meoxebiTac kulturuli procesisaTvis umniSvnelovanesi ram – Zveli da axali Taobis<br />

gansxvaveba da dapirispireba xdeba. arsebobs saSiSroeba, rom individi gaiWedos ganviTarebis<br />

romelime stadiaze, aqedan gamomdinare arseboben iseTi pirebi, vinc ver moaxerxa mSobelTa<br />

avtoritetisagan ganTavisufleba. xSir SemTxvevaSi eseni arian gogonebi da am SemTxvevaSi<br />

sainteresoa dakvirveba, romlis mixedviTac amgvari tipis gogoebs ar SeuZliaT qorwinebaSi<br />

TavianTi meuRleebisaTvis marTebuli grZnobis gaReba. isini civi colebi arian da seqsualur<br />

urTierTobaSi anesTetiurebi arian. aqedan gamomdinare gasagebia, rom mSoblebisadmi<br />

araseqsualuri siyvaruli da sqesobrivi siyvaruli erTi warmoSobis arian, am SeTxvevaSi<br />

pirveli libidos infantilur fiqsacias ganapirobebs.<br />

aseve froidis azriT arsebobs iseTi SemTxvevebic, rodesac gansaRi adamiani daavaddeba<br />

warumatebeli siyvarulis Semdeg. am daavadebis meqanizmi mdgomareobs misi libidos dabrunebaSi<br />

impirebisadmi romelTac bavSvobaSi eniWebodaT upiratesoba.<br />

obieqtis infantiluri arCevanis zegavlena<br />

aseve isic, vinc Tavisi libidos incestuozur fiqsacias Tavi daaRwia, ar aris<br />

Tavisufali misi zegavlenisagan. ganviTarebis am fazis gamovlinebas warmoadgens axalgazrda<br />

biWis Seyvarebuloba mozrdil qalSi an piriqiT, axalgazrda gogos Seyvarebuloba zrdasrul,<br />

avtoritetul mamakacSi, am obieqtebs SeuZliaT mamis an dedis iersaxis gacocxleba.<br />

inversiis aRkveTa<br />

(inversia – 1) zogadad, sapirispiro mimarTulebis nebismieri procesi, an<br />

msgavsi procesis Sedegi. 2) statistikaSi – nomrebis mTeli rigis transpozicia.<br />

3) maTematikaSi funqciis, an am funqciis kuTxis momentaluri Semobruneba. 4)<br />

34

genetikaSi – qromosomuli alteracia. 5) seqsualuri inversia – Zveleburi<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mixedviT – fomoseqsualuroba.) obieqtis SerCevisas, sapirispiro sqesis<br />

“xelidan ar gaSvebis” amocana wamoiWreba. rogorc wesi es amocana cdebis gareSe ar gadaiWreba.<br />

sqesobrivi simwifis Semdgom arsebuli sulieri midrekilebani xSir SemTxvevaSi mcdari<br />

xasiaTisaa. Dessoir-ma swored xazi gausva biWebisa da gogoebis kanonzomier saocnebo<br />

megobrobas msgavsi sqesisa da asakis warmomadgenlebTan. yvelaze didi Zalas, romelic win<br />

aRudgeba obieqtis seqsualuri inversiis samudamo xasiaTs aris is mimzidveli Zala, romelsac<br />

erTmaneTze gansxvavebuli sqesobrivi maxasiaTeblebi ganapirobeben. magram es faqtori TavisTavad<br />

ar aris sakmarisi inversiis aRkveTisaTvis: iq sadac inversia ar ganixileba rogorc danaSauli<br />

SesaZlebelia davrwmundeT rom igi mravali individis seqsualur midrekilebas warmoadgens.<br />

aqedan gamomdiare sazogadoebriv avtoritetsac aqvs mniSvneloba.<br />

aseve kidev erTi faqtori romelic marTebuli obieqtis arCevans ganapirobebs aris<br />

mtruli damokidebuleba msgavsi sqesis warmoamdgenelisadmi, rac gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis<br />

mqonea obieqtis arCevisas. froidis azriT zogierTi isteriuli individis SemTxvevaSi, adreul<br />

asakSi erT-erTi mSoblis ar yolis gamo, darCenili mSobeli bavSvis srul siyvaruls<br />

imsaxurebs. xolo es winapiroba gadamwyvetia seqsualuri obieqtis sqesis SerCevisa da mudmivi<br />

inversiisaTvis.<br />

reziume<br />

zemoxsenebulis reziumireba. sqesobrivi ltolvis gadaxrebis, misi obieqtisa da misi<br />

miznidan gamomdinare SevCerdiT im sakiTxze, romelic exeba amgvari ltolvis Tandayolil<br />

midrekilebas an cxovrebiseul zegavlenas. am kiTxvaze pasuxi gamomdinareobs sqesobrivi<br />

ltolvis gamovlinebidan fsiqonevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi – es Sexeduleba fsiqoanalitikur<br />

kvlevazea dafuZnebuli. aRmoCnda, rom am tipis pirovnebebSi nebismieri perversiebisadmi<br />

midrekileba SesaZlebelia iyos damtkicebuli rogorc aracnobieri Zala, romelic simptomebSi<br />

vlindeba. aqedan gamomdinare froidi Tvlis, rom SesaZlebelia davaskvnaT, rom nevrozi<br />

perversiis negativs warmoadgens. (perversia – aris swori mimarTulebidan nebismieri<br />

gadaxra, gadasvla. am zogadi konotaciidan gamomdinare, termini SesaZlebelia da<br />

aris kidevac gamoyenebuli azrovnebis procesebTan, emociebTan,<br />

gadawyvetilebebTan an qmedebebTan mimarTebaSi, romlebic garkveulwilad<br />

damaxinjebuli arian. Tumca, yvelaze xSirad mas iyeneben seqsualur qcevasTan<br />

mimarTebaSi – imdenad xSirad, rom zogierTi am terminis mxolod seqsualuri<br />

TvalsazrisiT iyenebs. aqedan gamomdinare seqsualuri aspeqtiT mas iyeneben<br />

mxolod seqsualuri perversiis SemTvevaSi.) perversiisadmi midrekilebas ganapirobebs<br />

zogadi winaganwyoba bavSvobisas; seqsualuri ltolvis Semakavebel Zalebs Soris yvelaze metad<br />

aris gamokveTili sircxvili, zizRi, TanagrZnoba da zneobrisa da avtoritetis socialuri<br />

konstruqciebi. aqedan gamomdinare normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebisagan yoveli fiqsirebuli<br />

gadaxra ganapirobebs ganviTarebis Seyovnebasa da infantilizms.<br />

aseve froidis azriT perversiebi erTis mxriv warmoadgenen Seferxebas, xolo meores<br />

mxriv – normaluri ganviTarebis disociacias.<br />

aRniSnuli iyo perversiuli midrekilebebisadmi siWarbe nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

froidi gamoTqvams aramarTebul damokidebulebas bavSobis asakisadmi, rodesac<br />

seqsualuri gamovlinebani aRwerilia rogorc gamonaklisi SemTxveva. misi azriT bavSvi<br />

dabadebidanve seqsualur moqmedebebs anxorcielebs, rac Canasaxis donezea, da sakvebis miRebis<br />

dros ganicdis seqsualur dakmayofilebas. Semdeg bavSvi am siamovnebis ganmeorebas wovis<br />

aqtebiT cdilobs. magram seqsualuri qmedeba ar vitardeba bavSvis sxva funqciebTan erTad 2-5<br />

wlamde is regress ganicdis, es aris latenturi periodi. seqsualuri aRgznebis produqcia am<br />

periodis ganmavlobaSi energiis marags iZleva, romelic umeteswilad gamoiyeneba araseqsualuri<br />

miznebisaTvis, erTis mxriv socialuri grZnobebis saxiT, meores mxriv (gandevnisa da reaqtiuli<br />

warmonqmnis daxmarebiT) seqsualuri Sekavebis formirebisTvis.<br />

35

infantiluri seqsualuri grZnoebbis meore nawili gamoixateba seqsualuri qmedebis<br />

saxiT. pirvel rigSi siamovneba da dakmayofileba miiRweva erogenuli zonebis SegrZnebiTi<br />

aRznebiT miiRweva. SemdgomSi ki seqsualuri aRgzneba aRmocendeba rogorc meoradi / gverdiTi<br />

produqtiorganizmis mTeli rigi procesebis fonze. aqedan gamomdinare, sqesobrivi ltolva<br />

bavSvobis asakSi ar aris koncentrirebuli da ar gaaCnia obieqti, is autoerotiulia.<br />

jer kidev bavSobis periodSi gamoikveTeba genitaliebis erogenuli zona.<br />

nevrotuli gancdebis kvlevisas froidma aRmoaCina rom bavSvis seqsualur cxovrebaSi<br />

Tavidanve SeimCneva sequsaluri ltolvis komponentebis organizacia. pirvel stadiaze es aris<br />

oraluri (piris) erotika; meore am oregenitaluri organizaciebidan xasiaTdeba sadizmis<br />

siWarbiTa da analuri erotikiT, mxolod mesame fazaSi seqsualuri cxovreba ganisazRvreba<br />

genitaliebis zoniT.<br />

seqsualuri ganviTarebis ormagi dasawyisis faqti, romlis SualedSic latenturi<br />

periodia, froidis azriT gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis Rirsia. swored aq aris adamianis<br />

umaRlesi kulturis ganviTarebisa da amave dros misi nevrozisadmi midrekilebis sawyisi.<br />

ramdenad sasrgeblo an mavnebeli SeiZleba iyos bavSvis seqsualuri qmedeba amis<br />

gansazRvra froidma ver SeZlo. seqsualuri gamovlinebebis xasiaTi maturbaciulia. aqve xazi<br />

gaesva imas, rom cdunebis gare gavlenas SeuZlia latenturi periodis darRveva ganapirobos, am<br />

SemTxvevaSi bavSvis seqsualuri ltolva SeiZleba polimorful-perversiuli gaxdes; aseTi<br />

adreuli seqsualuri qmedeba bavSvis aRzrdisadmi daqvemdebarebas aqveiTebs.<br />

bavSvuri seqsualuri cxovrebis cvlileba froidis mier dakavSirebulia or mniSvnelovan<br />

aspeqtTan: yvela sxva seqsualuri aRznebis wyaroebis daqvemdebareba genitaliuri zonisadmi da<br />

obieqtis arCevanis procesi.<br />

sayuradReboa arsebis diferenciacia qalisa da mamakacis sqesis mixedviT. froidis azriT,<br />

imisaTvis rom gogo qalad Camoyalibdes, man axali gandevna unda gadalaxos, romelic<br />

infantiluri mamakacurobis ganadgureba da qalis cvlilebisadmi momzadeba unda moaxdinos,<br />

romlis Semdeg wamyvani mniSvneloba genitalur zonas mieniWeba.<br />

froidis azriT obieqtis arCevans ganapirobebs bavSvis ltolva mSoblebisadmi, xolo im<br />

droisaTvis aRmocenebuli incestuozuri midrekilebis aRkveTa, am ltolvas mimarTavs<br />

mSoblebis msgavsi pirebisadmi. da bolos aseve sqesobrivi mowifulobis gardamavali asakis<br />

periodSi garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi somaturi da fsiqikuri ganviTarebis procesebi<br />

paralelurad mimdinareoben.<br />

ganviTarebis darRvevis momentebi<br />

ganviTarebis TiToeuli safexuri SesaZlebelia fiqsacias ganapirobebdes. nebismier<br />

momentSi SeiZleba moxdes sqesobrivi ltolvis disociacia. froidi Tvlis rom saWiroa<br />

ganviTarebis xelisSemSleli Sinagani da garegani momentebis mimoxlivac.<br />

konstitucia da STamomavloba<br />

pirvel rigSi unda ganixilebodes seqsualuri konstitucia.<br />

ra Tqma unda aris Tandayolili pirveladi winaganwyobis iseTi variaciebis<br />

SesaZleblobac, rac yovelgvari zegavlenis gareSe aranormaluri seqsualuri cxovrebis<br />

Camoyalibebas ganapirobebs. maT froidi “degeneratiuls” uwodebs da ganixilavs rogorc<br />

Tandayolili gauaresebis gamovlinebas.<br />

Semdgomi damuSaveba<br />

Tumca SeuZlebelia mxolod im azris gaziareba, rom gansxvavebuli seqsualuri<br />

komponentebis Canasaxebs seqsualuri cxovrebis formis ganpirobeba SeuZliaT. aseve arsebobs<br />

damokidebuleba sxva mizezebzec, aseve Semdgomi ganviTareba damokidebulia seqsualuri dinebebis<br />

im SegrZnebebze, rac gansxvavebuli wyaroebiT aris ganpirobebuli. swored es Semdgomi<br />

36

gadamuSveba aris gadamwyveti. aRwerebidan gamomdinare msgavsi konstitucia SesaZloa sami<br />

gansxvavebuli Sedegis mqone iyos. Tuki SenarCunebulia yvela Tandayolili winaganwyoba Tavisi<br />

urTierTdamokidebulebiT, rac ar miiCneva normalurad da Tuki xdeba am yvelafris ganmtkiceba<br />

zrdasrul asakSi, Sedegad miviRebT perversiul seqsualur cxovrebas.<br />

gandevna<br />

kidev erTi Sedegi ganpirobebulia imiT, rom ganviTarebis msvlelobisas zogierTi<br />

gansakuTrebulad Tandayolili komponenti gandevnis process eqvemdebareba. ris Sesaxebac unda<br />

gvaxsovdes, vinaidan is ar warmoadgens srul Sewyvetas. Sesabamisi gaRizianebebi gamowveulia<br />

Cveulebrivi saxiT, magram fsiqikuri Sekavebis gamo ar eZlevaT miznis miRwevis SesaZlebloba da<br />

xdeba maTi gadayvana gansxvavebuli mimarTulebebiT, xolo SemdgomSi isini vlindebian<br />

simptomebis saxiT. Sedegad miiReba TiTqosda normaluri sqesobrivi cxovreba – ZiriTadad<br />

SezRuduli, - romelsac Tan axlavs fsiqonevrotuli avadmyofoba.<br />

sublimireba<br />

konstituciuri winaganwyobis mesame Sedegi SesaZlebelia “sublimirebis” procesis<br />

Tanaxmad, romlis SemTxvevaSi Zlieri aRgznebis meSveobiT, ganpirobebulia saqmianoba sxva<br />

sferoebSi, aqedan gamomdinare fsiqikuri Sromisunarianobis amaRleba TavisTavad saSiSi<br />

winaganwyobis safuZvelze. mxatvruli Semoqmedebis erT-erTi sawyisi swored aq aris da iqidan<br />

gamomdinare srulia es sublimireba Tu ara, SesaZlebelia niWiT dajildoebulTa xasiaTis<br />

analizi, rac gamoavlens garkveul SeerTebas, Sromiunarianobis, perversiebisa da nevrozis<br />

TvalsazrisiT.<br />

SemTxveviT gancdili<br />

aseve didi mniSvneloba eniWeba faqtorebis Tanxvedras da bavSvobis asakSi SemTxveviT<br />

gancdilis gavlenas zrdasrul asakze. TeoriaSi midrekileba SeimCneva pirvelisadmi<br />

upiratesobis miniWebis; Terapiuli praqtika ki ukanasknelis mniSvnelobas usvams xazs. ar unda<br />

iyos gamoricxuli rom am SemTxvevaSi kooperaciis damokidebulebas aqvs adgili.<br />

konstitucionaluri momenti unda iyos gancdis molodinSi, romelic mis gamovlenas<br />

ganapirobebs. SemTxveviTi momenti saWiroebs ki konstituciis safuZvels, sayrdens.<br />

yvela is momenti romelic ayovnebs seqsualur ganviTarebas, Tavis zemoqmedebas<br />

ganapirobebs ise, rom iwvevs regresias, ganviTarebis winare fazisadmi dabrunebas.<br />

naadrevi mowifuloba<br />

froidi ganixilavs TviTinicirebul, naadrev seqsualur mowifulobas, romelic yovel<br />

mizez gareSe SesaZlebelia iyos damtkicebuli eTiologiaSi (nevrozebis), Tumca mxolod misi<br />

arseboba ar aris sakmarisi nevrozis gamowvevisaTvis. is SesaZlebelia gamoixatebodes<br />

infantiluri periodis Semokleba an Sewyvetis faqtSi da xdeba daavadebebis mizezi. romlebic<br />

erTis mxriv seqsualuri Seyovnebebis arasakmarisi momzadebis, xolo meores mxriv<br />

ganuviTarebeli genitaluri sistemidan gamomdinare SesaZloa mxolod perversiebis xasiaTs<br />

atarebdnen. es midrekilebebi SesaZloa swored amgvari xasiaTis darCes an kidev gandevnis<br />

Semdgom nevrotuli simptomebis SemoqmedebiT Zalebad gadaiqcnen.<br />

naadrevi seqsualuri mowifuloba mimdinareobs aseve naadrev inteleqtualur<br />

ganviTarebasTan fexdafex, risi magaliTic aris mravali cnobili pirovnebis SemTxveva.<br />

droebiTi momentebi<br />

37

iseve rogorc naadrevi mowifuloba unda iyos ganxiluli sxva momentebic, rac SeiZleba<br />

iyos gaerTianebuli naadrev mowifulobasTan. rogorc Cans filogeneturad winaswar<br />

ganpirobebulia Tu drois romel monakveTSi xdeba ama Tu im ltolvis gaaqtiureba. Tumca am<br />

SemTxvevaSi variaciebsac aqvs adgili.<br />

bavSvobaSi aRmocenebuli Zlieri ltolvebi xSir SemTxvevaSi ar warmoadgenen<br />

saSiSroebas, im TvalsazrisiT rom samudamo Sedegis saxe SeiZleba qondeT. piriqiT,<br />

SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT rom zrdasrulis xasiaTSi maT sruliad sapirispiro ltolvebi<br />

Seenacvlebian.<br />

simkveTre Цепкость<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi saubrobs seqsualuri cxovrebis adreuli gancdebisadmi Cveul<br />

simkveTres, romelic SenarCunebuli aris xolme momdevno cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi.<br />

am simkveTris axsna SesaZlebelia mdgomareobdes im faqtSi rom nevrozis mizezebis<br />

axsnisas sulier cxovrebaSi ufro meti mniSvneloba eniWeba mogonebebs vidre axal<br />

STabeWdilebebs. es momenti aseve damokidebulia inteleqtualur ganviaTrebaze.<br />

fiqsacia<br />

am SemTxvevaSi saubaria im masalis dafiqsirebaze romelic aris mocemuli bavSvobis<br />

asakSi miRebuli gancdisas. (xSirad es aris is cduneba romelic modis mozardi bavSvebis<br />

mxridan). SemdgomSi arsebuli gadaxrebis umetesi nawili (nevrotikebis an perversiulebis<br />

seqsualur cxovrebaze aris saubari) mdgomareobs am TiTqos da seqsualurobisagan Tavisufali<br />

periodis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli STabeWdilebidan gamomdinare.<br />

Tumca froidi miiCnevs rom am kvlevebis nakli mdgomareobs imaSi rom sinamdileSi cota<br />

ram aris cnobili seqsualurobis biologiuri procesebis Sesaxeb, romlic safuZvelzec Semdeg<br />

iqneba SesaZlebeli iyos agebuli Teoria normalurisa da paTologiuris ufro kargi<br />

gacnobierebisaTvis.<br />

sqesis anatomiuri sxvaobis zogierTi fsiqikuri Sedegi<br />

froidisa da misi mowafeebis namuSevrebi kidev ufro metad warmoaCenen saWiroebas, rom<br />

nevrotikebis analizi gavrceldes baSvobis pirvel periodzec, seqsualuri energiis ganviTarebis<br />

adreul periodSi. mxolod yvelaze adrindeli cxovrebiseuli STabeWdilebebis kvleviT,<br />

SesaZlebelia mogvianebiT gaCenili nevrozis mamoZravebeli Zalebis aRmoCena da Tavis dazRveva<br />

Secdomebisagan, rac SesaZlebelia iyos ganpirobebuli zrdasrulobis periodis warmonaqmnebiT.<br />

am saWiroebas mxolod Teoriuli mniSvneloba ar gaaCnia, is aseve mniSvnelovania praqtikuli<br />

TvalsazrisiTac, vinaidan is ganasxvavebs fsiqoanalitikosebis samuSaos iseTi eqimebisagan visac<br />

mxolod Terapiuli orientireba gaaCniaT, da mkurnalobisas mxolod garkveuli drois<br />

ganmavlobaSi iyeneben analitikur meTodebs. adreuli periodsi msgavsi analizi xamgrZlivia,<br />

rTulia da eqimsa da pacients iseT moTxovnebs wamouyenebs, romelTa ganxorcilebisaTvis<br />

praqtika yovelTvis ar aris xelsayreli. amgvar analizs SeuZlia iseTi gaurkvevlobebi<br />

gamoiwvios, risi axsnac jer kidev SeuZlebelia.<br />

qvemoT moyvanilia analitikuri kvlevis Sedegi, romelic iqneboda mniSvnelovani Tu rom<br />

SesaZlebeli yofiliyo misi ganzogadeba. froidi aRniSnavs, rom amgvari aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi<br />

logikuri iqneboda garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi gamoqveynebis dayovneba. magram amjerad misi<br />

muSaobis pirobebi Secvlilia da igi SezRudulia droSi. froidi Sedarebas axdens Tavisi<br />

adreul nawarmoebis da iZaxis rom maSin mas oceans of time qonda.<br />

38

exla ki viTareba Secvlilia da gamocdilebis gamdidrebisaTvis saTanado pirobebi mas ar<br />

gaaCnia. froidi ambobs, rom Tuki is varaudobs siaxlis aRmoCenas, is ar aris darwmunebuli<br />

rom molodinis Semdgom SeZlebs dadasturebis miRebas. is xazs usvams rom aRar aris marto,<br />

rom arsebobs misi TanamoazreTa gundi, vinc mzad aris daumTavrebeli, sakmarisi safuZvlis ar<br />

mqone codnac ki gamoiyenon.<br />

rodesac bavSvis seqsualuri cxovrebis pirveli fsiqikuri warmonaqmnebis kvlevas iwyeben,<br />

obieqtis saxiT rogorc wesi mamrobiTi sqesis bavSvs, patara biWs irCeven. froidis azriT<br />

patara gogosTan analogiur SemTxvevas aqvs adgili, magram garkveuli gansxvavebiT. rogor unda<br />

moxdes am gansxvavebis aRmoCena es gansazRvruli ar yofila.<br />

oidiposis kompleqsis situacia pirvel etaps warmoadgens, romelsac darwmunebiT aRmoaCenen<br />

biWTan. is advilad aris gasagebi, vinaidan biWi swore dim obieqtze aris fiqsirebuli,<br />

romelTanac winare yrmobis periodis ganmavlobaSi iyo mijaWvuli Tavisi libidoTi, romelsac<br />

ar qonda genitaliuri xasiaTi. faqti, rom am SemTxvevaSi is mamis pirovnebas ganixilavs<br />

rogorc metoqes, romelic unda CamoiSoros da romlis adgilic unda daikavos, uSualod<br />

gamomdinareobs realuri damokidebulebebidan. sxvagan froidi miuTiTebs (“oidiposis kompleqsis<br />

daRupva”) rom biWis oidiposuri ganwyopa miekuTvneba falosur stadias da iRupeba kastraciis<br />

SiSis Sedegad, sakuTari genitaliebisadmi narcisuli damokidebulebis gamo. gagebis sirTule<br />

mdgomareobs oidiposis kompleqsis ormag bunebaSi, igi aqtiuri da pasiuria, biseqsualuri<br />

ganwyobis Sesabamisad. biWs aseve aqvs survili siyvarulis obieqtis saxiT mamas Seunacvlos<br />

deda; amas qalur ganwyobas eZaxian.<br />

am winare periodis kidev erTi elementia genitaliebis masturbatoruli manipulireba, onanizmi<br />

adreul bavSvobaSi; aRmzrdelTa mxridan misi daTrgunvis mcdeloba metnaklebad kastraciis<br />

kompleqsis aqtivirebas ganapirobebs. froidis TvalsazrisiT amgvari onanizmi dakavSirebulia<br />

oidiposis komplesTan da misgan gamowveul seqsualur aRznebaze reagirebas warmoadgens. kidev<br />

erTi sakiTxi aris warmoCenili, romelic exeba Ramis ganmavlobaSi SardSeukaveblobas da am<br />

Cvevisagan ganTavisuflebas aRzrdelebis Carevis meSveobiT. am SemTxvevaSi froidi amjobinebs<br />

ubralo sinTezs, romlis Tanaxmadac Ramis SardSeukavebloba onanizmis Sedegs warmoadgens,<br />

xolo misi daTrgunva biWis mxridan aRiqmeba rogorc misi genitaliuri moqmedebis Sekaveba,<br />

gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT kastraciis muqaris TvalsazrisiT. da bolos, analizi SesaZleblobas<br />

iZleva gavigoT adreul asakSi mSoblebis koitusis mosmenis SesaZleblobis Sesaxeb, ramac<br />

SesaZlebelia gamoiwvios pirveli seqsualuri aRgzneba da Semdgomi zegavlenis Sedegad<br />

seqsualuri ganviTarebis sawyis punqtad iqces. magram SeuZlebelia varaudi, rom msgavsi<br />

koitusis mosmena yovelTvis aris SesaZlebeli, am SemTxvevaSi “pirveli fantaziis” problema<br />

Cndeba.<br />

patara gogos oidiposis kompleqsis problema kidev ufro Rrmad aris dafaruli, biWis<br />

oidiposis kompleqsTan SedarebiT. Tavdapirvelad orivesTvis deda pirvel obieqts<br />

warmoadgenda: ar aris gasakviri rom oidiposis kompleqsSi biWi inarCunebs am obieqts. magram<br />

rogor ambobs uars am obieqtze gogo da obieqtis saxiT rogor irCevs mamas? yvela<br />

analitikoss qonda SesaZlebloba Seeswavla is qalebi, visac gansakuTrebuli intensivobiTa da<br />

daJinebiT SeunarCunebia mamisadmi mijaWvuloba da mamisagan bavSvis gaCenis survili qondaT.<br />

SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT rom es fantastiuri survili maTi infantiluri onanizmis<br />

mamoZravebeli Zala iyo.<br />

bavSTa eqimis lindneris SeniSvniT, baSvbi aRmoaCens siamovnebis momniWebel genitaliur zonas –<br />

peniss an klitors – rac xdeba wovis ganmavlobaSi. froidi Riad tovebs sakiTxs imis Sesaxeb<br />

namdvilad xdeba Tu ara bavSvis mier ZuZus woviT gamowveuli siamovnebis Canacvleba axlad<br />

aRmoCenili siamovnebis momgvreli wyaroTi. magram falosuri fazis dasawyisi ar warmoadgens<br />

onanizmis dakavSirebas oidiposis kompleqsis obieqtur mikaWvulobebTan, aramed amas Tan axlavs<br />

39

gogosTvis mZime Sedegebis mqone aRmoCena. is SemTxveviT aRmoaCens Tavisi Zmis an Tanatolis<br />

did, advilad SesamCnev peniss, ganixilavs mas rogorc sakuTari patara dafaruli organos<br />

mozrdil analogs dam as ipyrobs Suri penisis mimarT.<br />

sainteresoa sapirispiro ganwyoba orive sqesis wamomadgenlis saqcielSi: analogiuri<br />

SemTxvevisas, rodesac patara biWi pirvelad xedavs gogos genitaliebs, is yoymanobs, nakleb<br />

interess avlens; is verafers ver xedavs an uaryofs Tavis aRqmas, is eZebs iseT mtkicebebs,<br />

romlebic am aRqmas misi molodinis Sesabamisad Secvlian. mxolod mogvianebiT, rodesac masze<br />

zemoqmedebas axdens kastraciis muqara, es dakvirveba misTvis wamyvan mniSvnelobas iZens: am<br />

dakvirvebis gaxsenebam an xelaxalma dakvirvebam SesaZlebelia masSi afeqti gamoiwvios da<br />

aiZulebs mas muqaris sinamdvile daijeros, romelsac aqamde ironiulad epyroboda. swored am<br />

Tanaqmedebidan gamomdinareobs ori reaqcia, romelic SesaZlebelia dafiqsirdes da SemdgomSi<br />

TiToeuli maTgani damoukideblad an erTdroulad ganapirobebdnen mis damokidebulebas qalis<br />

mimarT: damaxinjebuli arsebis SiSi an mis mimarT siZulvili, romelic sakuTari aRmatebulobis<br />

grZnobiT aris gamowveuli.<br />

gansxvavebulad iqceva patara gogo. am SemTxvevaSi mosazrebisa da gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />

momentaluria. is xedavd peniss, icis rom mas is ar aqvs da unda rom qondes.<br />

swored aq iRebs saTaves qalisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli mamakacurobis kopleqsi, romelic zogierT<br />

SemTxvevaSi did sirTuleebs warmoqmnis qalurobis ganviTarebisaTvis. mamakacTan gaTanabrebis<br />

survili, penisis rodisme mainc mopovebis imediT, SesaZlebelia ucnauri saqcielis motivad<br />

gadaiqces Tuki misi drouli daZleva ver moxerxda. an iwyeba procesi, romelsac froidi<br />

uwodebs uaryofas, bavSvis sulier cxovrebaSi es procesi xSiria da ar warmoadgens did<br />

saSiSroebas, magram zrdasrulis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia is fsiqozis amsaxveli gaxdes. gogo<br />

uaryofs Tavisi kastraciis faqts, mas sjera rom gaaCnia penisi da is iZulebulia moiqces ise<br />

rogorc mamakaci.<br />

penisisadmi Suris fsiqikuri Sedegebi, iqidan gamomdinare rom ver xerxdeba misi gaqarwyleba<br />

mamakacurobis kompleqsis reaqtiul warmonaqmnSi, gansxvavdebian da mravalmniSvnelovani arian.<br />

sakuTari narcisuli Wrilobis aRiarebiT qals TiTqos da naiarevi uCndeba – dabali Sefasebis<br />

SegrZneba.<br />

im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac qali ar ganicdis Surs penisis mimarT sakuTar TavTan mimarTebaSi,<br />

es Suri ar gaqarwyldeba: mcireodeni gadataniT is iZens gamoxatulebas eWvianobis<br />

maxasiaTebelSi. ra Tqma unda eWvianoba orive sqesisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli, magram froidis<br />

azriT qalis SemTxvevaSi is ufro mniSvnelovan rols iZens, vinaidan is gaZlierebulia<br />

penisisadmi daTrgunuli Suris SegrZnebiT. sanam eWvianobis Sesaxeb amgvar daskvnas gamoitanda,<br />

froidma gogos onanisturi fantaziis pirveli faza gamoyo, romelsac uwoda “bavSvs cemen”. am<br />

fantaziis sazrisi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom cemen sxva bavSvs, romlis mimarTac gogo eWvianobs<br />

rogorc metoqis mimarT. bavSvis romelsac cemen, anu romelic uyvarT, sinamdvileSi aris<br />

klitori, ase rom es aRiareba Tavis siRrmiseul SinaarsSi masturbaciis aRiarebas niSnavs, rac<br />

damaxasiaTebelia falosuri fazidan ufro gviandeli asakis CaTvliT.<br />

penisisadmi Suris mesame Sedegia dedisadmi nazi damokidebulebis ganeleba. es kavSiri mTlad<br />

gasagebi ar aris, magram sabolood SesaZlebelia darwmuneba imaSi, rom ZiriTadi danaSauli<br />

miuZRvis dedas, romelmac bavSvi yvela saWiro organoTi ver gaaCina. azrebis istoriuli<br />

mimdinareoba Semdegi saxis aris, genitaliebSi defeqtis aRmoCenis Semdgom male aRmocendeba<br />

eWvianoba sxva bavSvis mimarT, romelic viTomda dedas ufro metad uyvars. swored es aris<br />

dedisadmi sinazisagan ganTavisuflebis biZgi da sababi. es garemoeba aseve erTvis im faqtsac,<br />

rom swored es bavSvi romelic dedis mxridan ufro meti siyvarulis mflobelia, xdeba misi<br />

dasjis Sesaxeb fantaziis pirveli obieqti, xolo es fantazia masturbaciis winare periodia.<br />

40

penisisadmi Surisa da klitoris dabali faseulobis aRmoCena gasaocari zegavlenis mqonea da<br />

yvelaze mniSvnelovania. froidi aRniSnavs rom misi azriT qali gacilebiT rTulad itans<br />

masturbacias vidre kaci. is ufro xSirad ebrZvis masturbacias, maSin rodesac kaci iyenebs am<br />

SesaZleblobas. froidis azriT masturbacia aseve gacilebiT ufro ucxoa qaluri bunebisaTvis<br />

da am problemis gadawyvetisas sayuradReboa is, rom klitorTan dakavSirebuli masturbacia<br />

aris mamakacuri manipulacia TavisTavad da aqedan gamomdinare qalurobis ganviTarebis pirobas<br />

warmoadgens amgvari klitorTan dakavSirebuli seqsualurobis CamoSoreba. falosuri fazis<br />

analizma froids aCvena, rom penisisadmi Suris gamovlinebis Semdgom, gogo iwyebs onanizmisadmi<br />

energiul SewinaaRmdegebas, rac SeuZlebelia mxolod aRmzrdelobiTi zegavleniT iyos<br />

gamowveuli. rogorc Cans es wamowyeba im gandevnis mauwyebelia, romelic momwifebis<br />

droisaTvis mamakacuri seqsualurobis nawilis CamoSorebas ganapirobebs imisaTvis, rom qaluri<br />

seqsualuroba ganviTardes. Tuki es mniSvnelovani motivi ar iqneba gaTvaliswinebuli, qalis<br />

momdevno seqsualuri cxovrebis gamovlinebani gaugebari xdeba.<br />

froidi patara gogos mxridan falosuri fazis ganmavlobaSi onanizmze uaris TqmasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT varaudobs, rom es siamovnebis momgvreli moqmedeba zarals ganicdis mis Semdgom<br />

arsebuli momentis gamo. es aris penisisadmi Suridan gamomdinare wyenis momenti, erTgvari<br />

Sexseneba, rom am SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebelia biWTan konkurirebis gaweva. aqedan gamomdinare sqesis<br />

anatomiuri gacnobiereba patara gogos mamakacurobisagan da mamakacuri onanizmisagan ganaridebs<br />

da axal gzaze ayenebs, romelic masSi qalurobis ganviTarebas ganapirobebs.<br />

oidiposis komleqsi aqamde jer kidev ar iyo aqtualuri. magram amjerad gogos libido axal<br />

pozicias ikavebs (simboluri Sedareba penisi – bavSvi). is uaryofs penisis flobis survils<br />

imisaTvis rom moxdes misi Canacvleba baSvis yolis surviliT, swored am mizniT sasiyvarulo<br />

obieqtis saxiT is irCevs mamas. deda eWvianobis sagnad iqceva, patara gogo qalad gadaiqceva.<br />

Tuki SemdgomSi gogo uars acxadebs mamisadmi mijaWvulobaze, maSin es mijaWvuloba SesaZloa<br />

mamasTan identificirebaSi gadaizardos, riTac gogo ubrundeba mamakacurobis kompleqss da<br />

zogierT SemTxvevaSi masze fiqsirdeba kidec.<br />

gogos SemTxvevaSi oidiposis kompleqsi meoradi warmonaqmnia. mas win uZRvian da mis Semzadebas<br />

ganapirobeben kastraciuli kompleqsis zemoqmedebani. oidiposis kompleqsisa da kastraciuli<br />

kompleqsebis urTierTqmedebebSi SeimCneva fundamentaluri sxvaoba orive sqesis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

maSin rodesac biWis SemTxvevaSi oidiposis kompleqsi iRupeba kastraciuli<br />

kompleqsis Sedegad, gogos oidiposis kompleqsi aRmocendeba da SesaZlebeli<br />

xdeba kastraciuli kompleqsidan gamomdinare. am SemTxvevaSi qalisa da mamakacis<br />

seqsualuri ganviTarebis sxvaoba gasagebia genitaliebis anatomiuri sxvaobisa da amasTan<br />

dakavSirebuli fsiqikuri situaciidan gamomdinare; is Seesabameba im sxvaobas, romelic arsebobs<br />

ganxorcielebul kastraciasa da mosalodnel kastracias Soris.<br />

amasTanave oidiposis kompleqsi imdenad didi mniSvnelobis mqonea, rom sruliad ar aris<br />

arasayuradRebo Tu rogor xvdebian am situaciaSi da rogor aRweven mas Tavs. rogorc es ukve<br />

iyo naCvenebi adre, froidis CvenebiT es kompleqsi ki ar ganidevneba, aramed is ingreva im Sokis<br />

zegavleniT, romelic kastraciis muqariT aris gamowveuli. biWi uaryofs Tavis libidozur<br />

mijaWvulobebs, romelbic deseqsualuzurdebian da nawilobriv maTi sublimacia xdeba. maTi<br />

obieqtebi me-s SemadgenlobaSi erTvebian, sadac isini ze-me-s birTvs warmoqmnian da am axal<br />

qarmonaqmns gansakuTrebul maxasiaTeblebs mianiWeben. normaluri, idealur SemTxvevaSi<br />

oidiposis kompleqsi aRar arsebobs aracnobierSi, misi adgilsamyofelia ze-me. oidiposis<br />

kompleqsis katastrofa – incestze uaris Tqma, sindisisa da moralis gaCena – unda iyos<br />

ganxiluli STamomvalobis gamarjveba individze.<br />

41

gogos SemTxvevaSi oidiposis kompleqsis daRupvis motivi gamoiricxeba. kastraciam ukve<br />

moaxdina Tavisi zemoqmedeba, romelic mdgomareobda imaSi, rom bavSvs oidiposis kompleqsis<br />

situaciisaken misca biZgi. gogo SedarebiT ufro xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi, gandevniT<br />

Tavisufldeba oidiposis kompleqsisagan; misi zegavlena vrceldeba qalis normalur sulier<br />

cxovrebaze sakmaod farTed. froidi mcireodeni enTuziazmiT aRniSnavs imas, rom qalis<br />

zneobrivi done gansxvavdeba. ze-me arasodes ar iqneba iseTi ulmobeli, iseTi usaxuri da iseTi<br />

damoukidebeli Tavisi efeqturi warmomavlobebidan rogorc es kacis SemTxvevaSia. qalisaTvis<br />

damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi – samarTlianobis SegrZnebis nakleboba kacTan SedarebiT,<br />

cxovrebiseuli saWiroebebisadmi daqvemdebarebis naklebi unarianoba, rom Tavis<br />

gadawyvetilebebSi is xSirad xelmZRvanelobs nazi da metoqeobrivi grZnobebiT – yvela es<br />

damaxasiaTebeli Tviseba Tavis fuZes zemoT moyvanili ze-me-s warmonaqmnis modificirebaSi iRebs.<br />

xazi aris gasmuli feministebis mxridan sqesis Tanaswori Sefasebis moTxovnis umarTebuloba.<br />

froidis azriT anatomiuri sxvaobis fsiqikuri Sedegebis Sesaxeb am msjelobas mieniWeba<br />

Rirebuleba im SemTxvevaSi Tu ramodenime SemTxvevaze dayrdnobiT am debulebebis ganmtkiceba<br />

moxdeba da maTi tipiuroba iqneba amiT dadasturebuli.<br />

ramodenime tipis xasiaTi fsiqoanalitikuri praqtikidan<br />

rodesac eqimi nervulad daavadebul avadmyofs fsiqoanaliziT mkurnalobs<br />

misi interesi pirvel yovlisa ar aris momarTuli pacientis xasiaTze. ufro metad<br />

eqimi dainteresebulia gaigos Tu ra mniSvneloba gaaCnia pacientis simptomebs, ra<br />

saxis swrafvebia am simptomebSi damaluli da pouloben am simptomebSi<br />

dakmayofilebas, rogori saxis etapebi iyo ganvlili instinqturi survilebisa da<br />

ltolvebidan am simptomebisaken idumalebiT mocul gzaze. magram teqnika<br />

romelsac iyenebs eqimi aiZulebs mas sxva obieqtebze miapyros yuradReba. am dros<br />

eqimi aRmoaCens rom mis kvlevas winaaRmdegoba xvdeba, romelsac is awydeba<br />

avadmyofis mxridan. mas aqvs sruli ufleba miaweros es winaaRmdegobebi<br />

avadmyofis xasiaTs. aqedan gamomdinare xasiaTi iZens gansakuTrebul uflebas<br />

eqimis mxridan arsebuli interesis mimarT.<br />

is rac axdens winaaRmdegobas eqimis mcdelobebis mimarT, sruliad ar<br />

warmoadgens xasiaTis im Tvisebebs, romelic aRiarebulia TviT avadmyofis mier an<br />

warmoadgens misi axloblebis mosazrebas avadmyofis xasiaTis Sesaxeb.<br />

momdevno striqonebi mieZRvneba xasiaTis ramodenime moulodneli<br />

maxasiaTeblis aRwerasa da axsnas.<br />

1. gamoricxva<br />

fsiqoanalitikuri muSaobis ganmavlobaSi eqimi upirispirdeba amocanas, rom<br />

rogorme ubiZgos avadmyofs garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi uaryos raime saxis<br />

uSualo siamovneba. avadmyofma unda uaryos is siamovneba da dakmayofileba,<br />

romelic mavnebelia; es ukmarisoba man mxolod droebiT unda ganicados.<br />

avamdyofi unda mieCvios, rom Caanacvlos siamovneba / dakmayofileba sxva, ufro<br />

mtkice siamovnebiT, Tumca romelic mcire xniT gadadebulia. sxva sityvebiT eqimis<br />

xelmZRvanelobiT pacientma unda moaxdinos is gardatexa / gadasvla siamovnebis<br />

principidan realobis principisaken, romelic ganasxvavebs bavSvsa da zrdasruls.<br />

am aRmzrdelobiTi amocanis ganmavlobaSi is faqti rom eqimi ufro metis mcodnea<br />

vidre pacienti naklebad mniSvnelovan rols TamaSobs; xSir SemTxvevaSi eqims ar<br />

SeuZlia uTxras pacients ufro meti vidre mas Tavisive goneba karnaxobs. magram es<br />

sruliad ar aris erTi da igive: icode raime sakuTari Tavis Sesaxeb da amave dros<br />

gaigo es sxvisi piridan; am SemTxvevaSi eqimi am sxva piris rols iZens, es roli<br />

aqtiuria. am SemTxvevaSi is sargeblobs im gavleniT, romelic erT adamians<br />

SeuZlia meoreze ganaxorcielos.<br />

42

Tumca amgvari siamovnebisagan uaryofis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi zogjer eqimi<br />

xvdeba pacientebs romlebic uaryofen damorCilebas. isini amtkiceben rom<br />

sakmarisia tanjva da danaklisis daTmena. maT surT ganTavisufldnen yovelgvari<br />

moTxovnebisagan da xSir SemTxvevaSi maTi mtkiceba Semdegi saxisaa, isini<br />

warmoadgenen gamonakliss da surT am poziciis SenarCuneba ganusazRvreli droiT.<br />

es sakmaod Taviseburi motovireba aris.<br />

aseTi SemTxvevebisas eqimis gavlenas ar aqvs aranairi Zala da is pirveli<br />

etapis ganmavlobaSi pasiuria. erTaderTi rac mas darCenia aris amgvari mavnebeli<br />

winaganwyobis wyaros kvleva.<br />

magram ueWvelia, rom nebismier adamians surs iyos “gamonaklisi SemTxveva” da<br />

qondes ufleba am upiratesobis aRiarebisa sxva adamianebis mxridan. swored amitom<br />

aris gamoyenebuli motivirebac, rac xSir SemTxvevaSi ar aris warmatebuli saxis<br />

(garkveulwilad damajerebeli) es xom aucilebelia Tuki pretenzia aris<br />

gamoTqmuli gansxvavebulobasa da gansakuTrebulobaze / upiratesobaze. am<br />

motivirebebis gansxvavebulobis miuxedavad froidi amtkicebs rom SeimCneva saerTo<br />

maxasiaTeblebi im pacientebis warsuli cxovrebis bedisweraSi romelnic man<br />

ikvlia: maTi nevrozis sawyiss warmoadgens raime gancda an is ubralod<br />

SemouerTda avadmyofobas, romelSic isini Tavs damnaSaved ar Tvlidnen da<br />

romelic maT mier iyo moazrebuli rogorc maTi pirovnebis mimarT usamarTlo<br />

zianis miyeneba. maT daiwyes fiqri, rom es usamarTloba maT aZlevs uflebas<br />

garkveuli privilegiebisaTvis, maT gamoumuSavdaT yvelafrisadmi<br />

daumorCileblobis survili – am yvelaferma Tanmimdevruli doniT xeli Seuwyo im<br />

konfliqtebis gamwvavebas, romlebmac sabolood nevrozi gamoiwvies. froids moyavs<br />

erT-erTi pacienti qalis SemTxveva, romelsac nevrozi gaumwvavda maSin rodesac<br />

man gaigo Tandayolili daavadebis Sesaxeb, romelic mas xels uSlida<br />

cxovrebiseuli miznebis miRwevaSi. is moTminebiT itanda daavadebas maSin rodesac<br />

egona rom is SeZenilia, magram rogorc ki gaigo rom es daavadeba Tandayolili<br />

iyo – is ubralod ajanyda.<br />

froids magaliTis saxiT moyavs mxatvruli saxe, romelic Seqmnili iyo<br />

udidesi mwerlis mier da romlis xasiaTSic gansakuTrebulobis pretenziebis<br />

motivi mWidrod ukavSirdeba Tandayolili zaralis moments da ganpirobebulic ki<br />

aris am momentiT.<br />

“riCard III”-es Sesaval monologSi glosteri (momavali mefe) Semdegs ambobs:<br />

es aris sakuTari garegnobis naklulovanebis Sesaxeb monologi, romelic<br />

gamoxatavs mizezs Tu ratom gadawyvets es gmiri boroti saqmeebis keTebas.<br />

froidi axdens am monologis analizs. is xazs usvams im faqts, rom mwerali<br />

garkveulwilad unda cdilobdes gmiris mimarT mkiTxvelis mxridan simpatia<br />

gamoiwvios, rac SesaZlebelia Sinagani erTianobiT mxolod da mxolod, garkveuli<br />

gagebiT, mkiTxvels unda esmodes gmiris Sinagani samyaro.<br />

amitom froidis azriT riCardis am monologSi ar aris gamoTqmuli<br />

yvelaferi; aq mxolod miniSneba aris, xolo is rac ar aris naTqvami mkiTxvels<br />

SeuZlia Seavsos. magram am SemTxvevaSi frivoluroba daikargeba da darCeba<br />

mxolod is simware, rodesac riCardi Tavisi naklulovanebebis Sesaxeb Civis.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare Semdegi saxis ram xdeba: bunebam mZime usamarTloba Caidina, man<br />

ar mianiWa gmirs is garegani silamaze, romelic adamianTa mxridan siyvaruls<br />

imsaxurebs. aqedan gamomdinare cxovrebam unda daajildovod is, da am jildos is<br />

Tavad iRebs. is ganacxadebs rom is aris gansakuTrebuli / gamonaklisi; mas aqvs<br />

ufleba imisa, rom ar gaiTvaliswinos is eWvebi da SiSebi romelic sxva<br />

adamianebisaTvis mniSvnelovania. riCardi am maxasiaTeblis giganturi gadaWarbeba<br />

aris – maxasiaTeblisa romelsac yvelani Cven aRmovaCenT sakuTar TavSi. yvelani<br />

Cven viTxovT garkveuli saxis kompensacias im zaralis gamo romelic ganicada<br />

Cvenma narcisizmma adreuli bavSvobis asakSi.<br />

swored am safuZvels warmoadgens qalebis moTxovnileba gakrveuli<br />

privilegiebis mimarT. froidis azriT qalebi Tavs afaseben rogorc damcirebuls,<br />

43

usamarTlod dakninebuls; qaliSvilebis umravlesobas dedis mimarT gaboroteba<br />

swored im faqtidan gamomdinare aqvT, rom adanaSauleben dedas vinaidan man<br />

gaaCina is gogonebad da ara biWebad.<br />

2. “warumatebloba warmatebis momentSi”<br />

fsiqoanalitikurma samuSaom Semdegi saxis Tezisi SemogvTavaza: adamianebi<br />

daavaddebian nerviulad siamovnebis uaryofis Sedegad. am yvelafris miRma maTi<br />

libidonozuri ltolvebis uaryofa xdeba. magram imisaTvis rom am mdgomareobis<br />

arsi gavacnobieroT, aucilebelia gaviaroT didi gza. vinaidan nevrozis<br />

CamoyalibebisaTvis aucilebelia konfliqti adamianis libidonozuri ltolvebisa<br />

da misi arsebis im nawils Soris, romelsac mes vuwodebT. me misi TviTgadarCenis<br />

instinqtebis gamoxatulebas warmoadgens da moicavs idealebs sakuTari arsebis<br />

Sesaxeb. amgvari paTogenuri konfliqti aRmocendeba mxolod da mxolod im<br />

SemTxvevaSi, Tuki libidos aqvs survili miiRos iseTi miznebi da mimarTulebani,<br />

romelic mem didi xnis winaT gadalaxa da gansaja, romelic mes didi xania miaCnia<br />

akrZalulad; libido am SemTxvevaSi ase iqceva maSin, Tuki mas warTmeuli aqvs<br />

siamovnebis miRebis SesaZlebloba, romelic Seesabameba mesa da mes idealebs.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare nevrozis aRmocenebis mizezad siamovnebis realuri<br />

dakmayofilebis ukmarisoba da uaryofa iqceva, Tumca is ar aris erTaderTi<br />

mizezida piroba.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs im faqts rom xSir SemTxvevaSi eqimi aris mowme pacientis<br />

daavadebisa swored im momentSi, rodesac maTi yvelaze sanukvari ocneba iyo<br />

Sesrulebuli. iqmneba iseTi STabeWdileba rom TiTqos da maT ar ZaluZT sakuTari<br />

bednierebis atana, vinaidan daavadebasa da warmatebas Soris mizezobrivi kavSiris<br />

arseboba aSkara aris.<br />

froidi TvalnaTlivi magaliTisaTvis aRwers erTi aristokrati qaliSvilis<br />

istorias, romelic saxlidan gaiqca da Semdeg mxatvris sayvareli gaxda, romelic<br />

misi aristokratulobis reabilitacias “axdenda”. swored maSin rodesac es<br />

qalbatoni mxatvris kanonieri meuRle unda gamxdariyo, mas daemarTa “Cavardna” –<br />

is eWvianobda da momaval meuRles adamianebTan kontaqti aukrZala, gauCnda devnis<br />

SegrZneba da daavadda ganukurnebeli sulieri seniT.<br />

kidev erTi magaliTi mowafe kacis, romelsac surda Tavisi maswavleblis<br />

gamgrZelebli gamxdariyo, magram rogorc ki mieca es SesaZlebloba daemarTa<br />

melanqolia, romelmac ramodenime wliT saerTod gamoricxa misi qmediTunarianoba<br />

da aqtivoba.<br />

ramdenadac ar unda gansxvavdebodes es ori SemTxveva maT aerTianebs is, rom<br />

daavadeba Cndeba swored maSin, rodesac xdeba sanukvari ocnebis asruleba da<br />

gamoiricxeba asrulebuliT tkbobis SesaZlebloba.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom is winaaRmdegobrivoba, rasac vawydebiT am<br />

dakvirvebasa da im Teziss Soris, romlis mixedviTac adamiani avad xdeba<br />

siamovnebisagan uaryofis Sedegad, gadaulaxavi aris. is gamoiricxeba mxolod im<br />

SemTxvevaSi Tuki gaimijneba Sinagani da garegani daukmayofilebloba. Tuki<br />

realuri obieqtis CamoSoreba moxda, romelsac libidos dakmayofileba SeuZlia,<br />

maSin es aris garegani danaklisi da garegani daukmayofilebloba.<br />

TavisTavad is moklebulia zemoqmedebas da ar aris paTogenuri, sanam mas ar<br />

miuerTdeba Sinagani daukmayofileblobac. es Sinagani daukmayofilebloba unda<br />

iyos wamosuli medan da ecilebodes libidos sxva obieqtebis flobis survils /<br />

moTxovnilebas. mxolod am SemTxvevaSi Tavs iCens konfliqtis aRmoceneba da<br />

nevrotuli daavadebis SesaZleblobac.<br />

xolo im gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevebisas rodesac adamianebi avad xdebian<br />

warmatebis momentSi, moqmedebaSi iyo mxolod Sinagani daukmayofilebloba da misi<br />

Sinagani gamovlineba daiwyo maSin, rodesac garegani daukmayofilebloba<br />

Canaxvlebuli iyo survilis SesrulebiT.<br />

44

analitikuri muSaobisas rTuli ar aris imis aRmocena, rom sinamdvileSi aq<br />

saqme gvaqvs sindisis ZalasTan: sindisi saSualebas ar aZlevs adamians garkveuli<br />

saxis mogeba / sargebeli naxos mis sasargeblod / xelsayrelad Secvlil garemo<br />

pirobebidan gamomdinare. magram am tendenciebis (damsjeli da ganmkiTxveli) arsis<br />

wvdoma sakmaod rTulia; froidi aRniSnavs rom msgavs tendenciebs vawydebiT<br />

moulodnel viTarebebSic. amisaTvis froidi iyenebs mxatvruli nawarmoebis<br />

nimuSebis analizs – didi mwerali-gulTmmarTvelebis nawarmoebis nimuSebis.<br />

pirovneba romelmac ganicada warumatebloba warmatebis miRwevis Semdgom<br />

aris Seqspiris ledi makbeti.<br />

ledi makbeti aris pirovneba romelmac ganicada warumatebloba mis mier<br />

miRweuli warmatebis Semdeg, im warmatebisa, romliskenac is iRwvoda udidesi<br />

energiulobiT. mas ar qonda aranairi eWvebi da arc Sinagani brZola, yvelaferi<br />

rac mas surda iyo is, rom sakuTari meuRlis orWofoba daeZlia, meuRlisa,<br />

romelic pativmoyvare magram rbili gulis patroni iyo. is mzad aris, rom<br />

danaSaulebriv Canafiqrs sakuTari qaluroba Seswiros da ar iTvaliswinebs imas<br />

Tu ra gadamwyveti roli eqneba am qalurobas, rodesac saqme Seexeba danaSaulis<br />

meoxebiT miRweul, misi pativmoyvareobis ocnebis ganmtkicebas.<br />

froids moyavs nawyvetebi poemidan sadac ledi makbeti mouxmobs sikvdilis<br />

demonebs, mis qalur sulSi TanagrZnobis aRkveTisaTvis da a. S. froidi aRniSnavs<br />

rom danaSaulis Cadenamde mas winaaRmdegobis SegrZneba ipyrobs. froids moyavs<br />

citata sadac ledi makbeti bavSvis Zilisas mamasTan msgavsebas aRniSnavs.<br />

xolo maSin rodesac is ukve dedofalia, rac dunkanis mkvlelobis meSveobiT<br />

ganaxorciela, is drodadro grZnobs garkveuli saxis imedgacruebas da<br />

mowyenilobas. froidi aRniSnavs rom ar icis ratom.<br />

makbetis sityvebi survilebis dakmayofilbis Semdeg simSvidis ar qonis<br />

Sesaxeb.<br />

Tumca is mainc medgrad aris. am sityvebs moyveba banketis scena. aq is<br />

axerxebs meuRlis dabneulobis dafarvas da stumrebis dasaTxovad sababs<br />

gamoZebnis. amis Semdeg is ukve somnambulis mdgomareobaSi gamoCndeba, rac<br />

gamowveulia danaSaulebrivi Ramis STabeWdilebebiT. exlac is meuRles mouwodebs<br />

medgrobisaken da eubneba mas, rom veravin ver gabedavs maT gakicxvas da<br />

gasamarTlebas.<br />

mas esmis karze kakuni, romlisac ase SeeSinda meuRles mkvlelobis Semdgom.<br />

amasTanave is cdilobs “Semdgari Seumdgarad aqcios” is sisxliani xelis dabanas<br />

cdilobs da acnobierebs rom es mcdelobani usafuZvloa. froidi Tvlis rom<br />

monaniebam dasZlia is, vinc aqamde gaucxoebuli iyo monaniebisagan. da maSin<br />

rodesac is kvdeba, makbeti romelic iseTive udreki da daundobeli xdeba rogorc<br />

manmade, misTvis mxolod mokle epiTafias poulobs: “SeiZleboda ufro mogvianebiT<br />

gardacvliliyo, am cnobis miReba yovelTvis moeswreboda”.<br />

froidi svams kiTxvas Tu ra SeiZleboda yofiliyo am rkinisebri xasiaTis<br />

Seryevis mizezi? mxolod monanieba, Tu danaSaulis gansxvavebuli iersaxe maSin<br />

rodesac is ukve Cadenilia? unda iyos Tu ara Cvens mier gakeTebuli daskvna, rom<br />

ledi makbetis fsiqika adrec iyo susti / rbili da man veRar gauZlo im ukidures<br />

daZabulobas romlisadmic sakuTari Tavi momarTa. Tu kidev ufro metad<br />

siRrmiseuli motivireba unda iyos moZebnili saimisod rom es gardatexa ufro<br />

axlo da gasagebi iyos?<br />

froidi am SemTxvevaSi eWvobs, rom SesaZlebeli iqneba am sakiTxis amomwuravi<br />

gadawyveta. Seqspiriseuli makbeti aris piesa, romelic daiwera SemTxveviTi<br />

movlenis gamo: samefo taxtze Sotlandiis mefis, jemsis Sedgomis gamo.<br />

misi aRmavloba samefo taxtze unayofobis wyevlisa da gagrZelebuli gvaris<br />

dalocvis demonstracias warmoadgenda (aqamde froids qalwuli elizavetas<br />

unayofobis Sesaxeb aqvs mokled aRwerili). swored am winaaRmdegobrivobaze aris<br />

Seqspiris “makbetis” evoluciac dafuZnebuli.<br />

45

winaswarmetyvelebi makbets amcnoben rom iqneba mefe da misi Svilebi<br />

STamomavlobiT miiReben gvirgvins. magram is ar kmayofildeba am bedisweriT,<br />

vinaidan mas surs dinastiis damfuZnebeli iyos, mas ar surs rom mis mier Cadenili<br />

mkvleloba sxvisaTvis iyos momgebiani. am punqts ar aqceven xSirad yuradRebas<br />

froidis sityvebiT, vinaidan Seqspiris piesaSi pativmoyvareobis tragediis danaxva<br />

surT mxolod. swored amitom surs makbets iyolios Svilebi, rom<br />

winaswarmetyvelebis es nawili ar aRsruldes. froids moyvas striqonebi, sadac<br />

makbeti Tavis meuRles vaJebis gaCenas Txovs.<br />

rodesac makbets imedebi gaucruvdeba mas mxolod ori gza rCeba an unda<br />

daemorColis bedisweras, an kidev misi moRvaweoba kargavs sazriss da iZens<br />

sikvdilmisjili dabrmavebuli da gaxelebuli adamianis qmedebebis xasiaTs,<br />

romelic anadgurebs aseve imasac rac misTvis miRwevadia. froidi aRniSnavs, rom<br />

kargad Cans makbetis mier ganvlili swored aseTi evolucia, xolo tragediis<br />

mwvervalze ismis makdufis ganacxadi, romelic xSir SemTxvevaSi aRiarebulia<br />

rogorc orazrovani mniSvnelobis mqone da romelic moicavs makbetis cvlilebis<br />

gacnobierebis SesaZleblobas. makdufi iZaxis: “makbeti unayofoa!”<br />

am sityvebis sazrisi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom is unayofoa, amitom mxolod mas<br />

SeeZlo moekla Cemi Svilebi. amave dros am sityvebs siRrmiseuli motivis<br />

gamoaSkaravebac SeuZliaT: es morivi makbets aiZulebs Tavisi buneba uaryos, xolo<br />

misi meuRlis SemTxvevaSi mTavar satkivars exeba. magram Tuki mTeli piesa iqneba<br />

moazrebuli mTlianobaSi, is ganmsWvalulia mSoblisa da Svilis urTierTobebis<br />

kompleqsiT.<br />

froidi adarebs golinSedis (1577) qronikas da Seqspiriseul interpretacias.<br />

golinSedis qronikaSi mxolod erTxel aris moxseniebuli ledi makbeti, rogorc<br />

pativmoyvare, sakuTari meuRlis STamagonebeli mkvlelobisadmi, im mizniT rom<br />

Semdeg gamxdariyo dedofali.<br />

amis sapirispirod makbetis xasiaTSi arsebuli cvlilebebi, froidis mier<br />

moyvanili motivirebis msgavsia. magram golinSedsa da Seqspiris variantebs Soris<br />

sxvaoba droiT periodSi mdgomareobs. golinSedTan moqmedeba 10 wlis<br />

ganmavlobaSi viTardeba, xolo SeqspirTan (moqmedi pirebis dialogebidan<br />

gamomdinare) daaxloebiT erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi – sakmaod swrafad. mxolod da<br />

mxolod aTi wlis amowurvis Semdgom mas ipyrobs SiSi rom moxdeba<br />

winaswarmetyvelebis asruleba, romelic bankos exeba. swored amitom is klavs<br />

bankos da ukve amis Semdeg erT borotmoqmedebas meore moyveba da a. S. Seqspiris<br />

SemTxvevaSi movlenaTa ganviTarebis siswrafe gamoricxavs froidis motivirebis<br />

konstruqciebs makbetisa da misi meuRlis xasiaTebSi momxdari gardatexis Sesaxeb.<br />

ar aris sakmarisad mocemuli is droiTi monakveTi romlis ganmavlobaSic<br />

qronikuli imedis gacrueba qalis xasiaTis Serbilebasa da mamakacis gamwarebas<br />

gamoiwvevda. amitom drois ekonomia gamoricxavs sxva danarCeni motivebis<br />

arsebobis SesaZleblobas garda fsiqologiurisa.<br />

magram froidis mosazrebiT SeuZlebelia imis gageba Tu ra motivebia es, ris<br />

gamoc moridebuli pativmoyvare dauokebel tiranad gadaiqceva, xolo foladiviT<br />

mtkice STamagonebeli (подстрекательница<br />

) ganadgurebulia monaniebiT da avad xdeba.<br />

froidi uaryofs im mosazrebas rom msgavsi analizi kargavs mniSvnelobas<br />

imasTan SedarebiT Tu ra gavlenas axdens mayurebelze tragedia. is aseve uaryofs<br />

im SeniSvnasac, romlis Tanaxmad avtors aqvs ufleba xelovnurad Sekvecos<br />

movlenaTa msvlelobis droiTi monakveTi, Tuki es saSualebas iZleba ufro<br />

Zlieri dramatuli efeqtis moxdenisaTvis. froidis azriT amgvari ram<br />

gamarTlebulia Tuki darRveulia mxolod da mxolod movlenaTa sinamdvile da ar<br />

xdeba mizezobrivi kavSirebis darRveva.<br />

froids uWirs makbetiseuli problemis gadauwyvetelad mitoveba da kidev<br />

erT mcdelobas axdens misi gadawyvetisa. is iyenebs Ludvig Fekels-is mixvedrebs.<br />

misi mosazrebis Tanaxmad Seqspirs xSirad aqvs gadanawilebuli erTi xasiaTi or<br />

moqmed pirze ise, rom TiToeuli maTgani gancalkevebulad gaugebaria, magram es<br />

46

gaugebroba mxolod iqamde gastans, sanam isini ar ganixilebian rogorc erTi<br />

mTliani. swored msgavsi ram aris SesaZlebeli makbetisa da misi ledis<br />

SemTxvevaSic, magram ver miviRebT veranair Sedegs ledis damoukidebeli<br />

pirovnebis saxiT mosazrebis da makbetis mxolod rogorc misi danamatisa. froidi<br />

ar uRrmavdeba am mosazrebas, magram aRniSnavs mxolod imas, rom SiSis is Canasaxi<br />

romelic vlindeba makbetTan mkvlelobis Ramisas, SemdgomSi viTardeba ledisTan<br />

da ara masTan. swored mas uCndeba xanjlis halucinacia, magram sulieri<br />

moSliloba emarTeba mis cols. mkvlelobis Semdeg makbets esmis sityvebi: ar<br />

daiZinoT makbeti klavs Zils. ris Semdeg swored mas ar unda daeZina, magram mis<br />

nacvlad somnambulis mdgomareobaSi vardeba swored misi meuRle, tiTac sakuTar<br />

danaSauls gascems. citatebi imis Sesaxeb rom verc erTi zRva ver Camobans<br />

danaSauls misi xelidan da a. S. amitom risic eSinoda makbets mis meuRles<br />

emarTeba. danaSaulis Semdeg ledis uCndeba monaniebis SegrZneba, xolo makbeti<br />

udreki xdeba. orive erTad ganicdian danaSaulis Semdeg arsebul reaqciebs, erTi<br />

fsiqikuri mTliani undividualobis msgavsad.<br />

ledi makbetis SemTxvevaSi ver moxerxrda imis axsna Tu ratom xdeba is avad,<br />

amitom froidi sxva dramaturgis nawarmoebis analizs iwyebs.<br />

rebeka gamviki doqtor vestis mier aris naSvilebi, romlic mas aRzrdis<br />

Tavisufali suliskveTebiTa da im gzebisadmi siZulviliT romelTa mixedviT Cveni<br />

survilebi gamoiricxebian religiur mrwamsze dafuZnebuli moralidan<br />

gamomdinare. doqtoris gardacvalebis Semdeg is miaRwevs imas, rom iwyebs muSaobas<br />

rosmersholmSi. rosmersholmi aris sagvareulo mamuli, sadac aravin ar arRvevs<br />

asketuri cxovrebis wess. iq cxovroben mRvdeli iohanesi da misi unayofo coli<br />

beata. rebekas Suyvardeba mRvdeli da is yvelnairad cdilobs Tavidan CamoiSoros<br />

misi meuRle risTvisac sakuTar Tavisufal suliskveTebaze dafuZnebul nebas<br />

iyenebs. is beatas aZlevs wigns, romlis mixedviTac qorwinebis mTavari mizania<br />

Svilebis yola, rac qals agdebs eWvebSi qorwinebis gamarTlebulobis Sesaxeb.<br />

amavdroulad rebeka mas agrZnobinebs rom rosmeri, romlis kiTxvasa da azrTa<br />

msvlelobaSi is iRebs monawileobas axlos aris adreuli mosazrebebis uaryofasa<br />

da Tanamedrove ganaTlebis gaziarebasTan. beatas rwmena meuRlis zneobriv<br />

marTebulobaSi Seryeulia. Semdeg rebeka agrZnobinebs beatas rom male unda<br />

miatovos maTi saxli rosmerTan dauSvebeli siaxlovis Sedegebidan gamomdinare.<br />

mzakvruli Canafiqri imarjvebs da sacodavi qali Tavs iklavs.<br />

rebeka da rosmeri erTad cxovroben da maT akavSirebT siaxlove romelic<br />

rosmerisaTvis idealur sulier megobrobas warmoadgenda. rosmeri xels sTxovs<br />

rebekas, romelic uaryofs am SeTavazebas rac rosmerisaTvis gaugebaria da<br />

mkiTxvelisaTvis miT umetes, vinaidan cnobilia misi faruli zraxvebis Sesaxeb.<br />

misi ganmartebiT, mas swored beatas bediswera elis.<br />

froidi aRSfoTebulia Tu rogor aris SesaZlebeli, rom avantiuristi,<br />

romelmac mzakvrulad gaikafa gza uars ambobs Canafiqris mizanze? amis<br />

ganmartebas is TviTon iZleva IV aqtSi sadac Cans rom masSi iRviZebs sindisi, is<br />

Seicvala da danaSaulis SegrZneba ver miscems SesaZleblobas tkbobisaTvis.<br />

ram gamoaRviZa masSi sindisi? rebekas sityvebiT es cvlileba rosmeris<br />

msoflmxedvelobis SecnobiT aris gamowveuli. amasTanave is sinanulsac gamoTqvams<br />

“rosmersholmma Cemi Zlieri neba da suli Sedrka, frTebi SeaWra da daamaxinja<br />

is.”<br />

is aRiarebs Tavis danaSauls rosmerisa da krolis winaSe, (beatis Zma). Tumca<br />

kroli xvdeba rom rebeka mainc bolomde ar iZaxis yvelafers da amitom aiZulebs<br />

mas ramodenime mniSvnelovan punqtTan dakavSirebiT aRiaros. aseve froidic Tvlis<br />

rom SesaZloa rebeka aRiarebs uaris mizezebs mxolod saimisod rom ar gaamxilos<br />

sxva ram.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom rosmeris gavlena SeiZleba iyos mxolod da mxolod<br />

Sirma, romlis miRma sxva mimarTuleba aris.<br />

47

magram rodesac is rosmerisagan isev iRebs SeTavazebas, uaris mizezad<br />

amjerad rebeka asaxelebs seqsualur kavSirs sxva mamakacTan, rac gvafiqrebinebs<br />

rom es misTvis ufro didi winaaRmdgoba aris vidre Cadenili danaSauli.<br />

amasTanave reqtor krols rebekasTvis moulodneli ambavi moaqvs. samgieros<br />

mizRvevis survilma is aqcia gamomZieblad, is rebekas amcnobs rom sinamdvileSi<br />

ukanaskneli doqtor vestis namdvili Svilia da man is iSvila mxolod dedis<br />

gardacvalebis Semdeg. kroli fiqrobs rom rebekam es ambavi isedac icis, magram<br />

cdeba. rebekaze am ambavs didi zemoqmedeba aqvs. mas ar sjera.<br />

rebekas aRelveba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom is ara mxolod naSvilebi iyo<br />

doqtor vestisaTvis, aramed misi sayvarelic. amitom ambavi imis Sesaxeb rom is<br />

doqtoris namdvili Svili iyo masze Zalian did zemoqmedebas axdens.<br />

exla ukve gasagebi xdeba Tu ratom aris es garemoeba kidev ufro metad mZime<br />

vidre mis mier Cadenili danaSauli. vinaidan is mxolod saidumlos erTi nawilis<br />

gamxelas apirebda da ara mTlianobaSi.<br />

am ambavis gageba mas sruliad anadgurebs, is Tavs damnaSaved aRiarebs<br />

rosmerisa da krolis winaSe da gasamgzavreblad emzadeba. magram misi<br />

warmatebisas warumateblobis ganmapirobebeli namdvili motivi mainc dafaruli<br />

rCeba.<br />

ibsenis rebeka vestis traqtati wamoadgens rTuli motivaciis SemTxvevas,<br />

sadac zedapiruli motivis safarvels miRma ufro siRrmiseuli mdebareobs. Tumca<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom rebekas danaSaulis SegrZnebis mizezs incestSi<br />

dadanaSauleba warmoadgens Tavidanve, jer kidev sanam reqtori analitikuri<br />

simaxviliT am danaSaulis SegrZnebas mis cnobierebamde ar miiyvanda. froidi<br />

amtkicebs, rom rodesac rebeka gaxda dedis memkvidre vestTan, am faqtma masze<br />

Zalian didi zegavlena moaxdina da is oidiposis kompleqsis gavlenas<br />

daeqvemdebara, Tumca ar icoda rom am yvelasaTvis damaxasiaTebelma fantaziam mis<br />

cxovrebaSi sinamdviles saxe miiRo. xolo rodesac is rosmersformis mamulSi<br />

moxvda, is am scenaris gaTamaSebas realuri ganzraxviT iwyebs: mas surs<br />

CamoiSoros deda da coli da daikavos misi adgili qmarTan da mamasTan. is<br />

gansakuTrebuli darwmunebulobiT aRniSnavs rom raRacam ubiZga misi qmedebebis<br />

ganxorcielebisaken.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom yvelaferi rac mas daemarTa rosmersholmSi oidiposis<br />

kompleqsis Sedegia, misi dedisa da vestisadmi arsebuli urTierTobebis iZulebiTi<br />

ganmeoreba.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom es Tema aris oidiposis kompleqsidan gamomdinare /<br />

nasesxebi. rodesac gogona moxvdeba romelime saxlSi msaxurad da cnobierad Tu<br />

aracnobierad diasaxlisi mis mier CamoSorebulia da is saxlis patrons miyveba<br />

colad.<br />

froidis azriT fsiqoanalitikuri samuSao aaSkaravebs im faqts, rom<br />

sindisis Zala, romelic adamians aiZulebs gaxdes avad warmatebis momentSi<br />

oidiposis kompleqsTan aris intimur kavSirSi.<br />

48

III<br />

froidi wers, rom Tavisi siymawvilis / axalgazrdobis periodis Sesaxeb<br />

saubrisas, im periodisa, romelic sqesobriv momwifebas uswrebda, Zalian wesieri<br />

adamianebic ki froids im dauSvebeli saqcielis Sesaxeb uyvebodnen romelic<br />

CaudeniaT: qurdoba, raimes dawvac ki da a. S.<br />

froidi ZiriTadad msgavsi saqcielis CaRrmavebul analizs ar axdenda da mas<br />

ukavSirebda im faqtors, rom moraluri TavSekavebani am asakSi rogorc wesi<br />

sustad aris ganviTarebuli da amitom ar axdenda am movlenebis ufro<br />

mniSvnelovan raimesTan dakavSirebas. magram garkveuli movlenebis TvalsaCinoebam<br />

gamoiwvia froids mxridan am sakiTxis ufro siRrmiseuli Seswavlis survili. es<br />

gamomdinareobda iqidan, rom amgvari tipis saqcieli Cadenili iyo ukve sakmaod<br />

zrdasruli adamianebis mier da Tanac swored im periodSi, rodesac isini<br />

mkurnalobdnen masTan.<br />

froidma ganaxorciela analitikuri samuSao da gaarkvia, rom es qmedebebi<br />

ganxorcielda pirvel rigSi imitom, rom ar iyvnen dasaSvebi da maTi<br />

ganxorcieleba damnaSaves garkveuli saxis Svebis SegrZnebas aniWebda. gaurkveveli<br />

danaSaulis SegrZneba zewolas axdenda masze, am grZnobis warmoSoba ki ar iyo<br />

gasagebi, es garemoeba mas gancdaSi agdebda (damnaSaves), xolo dauSvebeli qmedebis<br />

ganxorcieleba ki SedarebiT amsubuqebda zewolas. froidi amtkicebs rom raoden<br />

paradoqsaluric ar unda iyos es, danaSaulis SegrZneba arsebobda dauSvebeli<br />

qmedebis ganxorcielebamde, rom is warmoiqmna ara misgan gamomdinare, aramed TviT<br />

danaSauli iyo ganpirobebuli am SegrZnebis pirvandeli arsebobiT.<br />

froidi wamoayenebs or kiTxvas: rogoria am bneli danaSaulis SegrZnebis<br />

warmoSoba, saidan aris is warmoSobili, da aris Tu ara SesaZlebeli, rom am<br />

warmoSobis mizezobrioba garkveulwilad mniSvnelovani rolis mqone iyos<br />

kacobriobis mier Cadenil danaSaulebebTan mimarTebaSi.<br />

pirveli sakiTxis kvleva, warmoadgenda zogadad danaSaulis SegrZnebis<br />

warmoqmnis gamorkvevis SesaZleblobas. analitikurma samuSaom yvela SemTxvevaSi<br />

msgavsi daskvnis gamotana ganapiroba, rom danaSauli es bneli SegrZneba<br />

warmoiqmneba oidiposis kompleqsis SegrZnebisagan, es iyo erTgvari reaqcia ori<br />

saxis danaSaulze: mamis mkvlelobasa da dedasTan sqesobrivi urTierTobis<br />

moTxovnilebaze. am SegrZnebebTan SedarebiT danaSaulebani, Cadenili danaSaulis<br />

SegrZnebis fiqsaciisaTvis datanjuli adaminebisaTvis garkveulwilad Svebas<br />

warmoadgendnen. am SemTxvevaSi froidi ganamtkicebs am Sexedulebas im debulebiT,<br />

rom sindisi, romelic amJamad ukve STamomavlobiT miRebul sulier gancdas<br />

warmoadgens, kacobriobis mier SeZenilia oidiposis kompleqsTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

rac Seexeba meore sakiTxs, am SemTxvevaSi kiTxvaze arsebuli pasuxis moZiebis<br />

SesaZlebloba scildeba fsiqoanalitikuri samuSaos sferos. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

froidi ixsenebs bavSvebis magaliTs rom isini “cudad” moqcevas iwyeben<br />

provocirebis mizniT, xolo sasjelis miRebis Semdgom isini isev mSvidi da<br />

skmayofilebi arian. Tuki am SemTxvevaSic analizis mcdlobas movaxdenT,<br />

davaskvniT, rom isev danaSaulis SegrZnebis kvals vawydebiT, romelis aiZulebs<br />

maT sasjelis Ziebisadmi. am SemTxvevaSi zrdasruli damnaSaveebidan unda<br />

gamoiricxon isini vinc ar ganicdis danaSaulis Cadenisas sindisi qenjnas, rac<br />

gamowveulia aris moraluri Sekavebis unaris ar qoniT, an kidev imiT, rom<br />

sazogadoebasTan brZolisas isini Tvlian rom aqvT amgvari saqcielis Cadenis<br />

ufleba.<br />

froidi ixsenebs, rom erT-erTma misma megobarma misi yuradReba miapyro<br />

nicSes “damnaSave danaSaulis SegrZnebis gamo” – am niSnis mimarT. aseve is<br />

aRniSnavs, rom danaSauliT sargebloba am SegrZnebis racionalizaciis mizniT<br />

aseve sagrZnobia zaratustras “ferwasuli damnaSaves” SemTxvevaSic.<br />

“obieqtis SerCevis” gansakuTrebuli tipis Sesaxeb mamakacis SemTxvevaSi<br />

49

fsiqoanalirikuri mkurnalobisas arsebobs sakmarisi SesaZleblobani nevrotikebis<br />

sasiyvarulo cxovrebis sferosTan gacnobisaTvis. amgvari gacnobda gviCvenebs rom msgavsi<br />

saqcieli SesaZlebelia iyos ganxorcielebuli rogorc jansaRi aseve ganTqmuli adamianis<br />

mierac. erT-erTi obieqtis SerCevis mamakacuri tipis aRwera froids surs imitom, rom is<br />

gamoirCeva “siyvarulis iseTi pirobebiT”, romelTa naerTic sakmaod gasaocaria da amave dros am<br />

tipis SemTxvevaSi arsebobs Zalian martivi fsiqologiuri axsna-ganmartebac.<br />

1pirveli amgvari “siyvarulis piroba” SesaZlebelia specifiuri aris. SesaZlebelia mas<br />

vuwodoT “mesame dazaralebulis” piroba. misi sazrisi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom is pirebi vinc<br />

am kategorias miekuTvneba, arasodes ar irCeven Tavis obieqtad Tavisufal qals, aramed<br />

swored iseTs, romelsac sxva pretendentebic yavs: meuRle, saqmro an kidev megobari. es<br />

piroba zogierT SemTxvevaSi imdenad gadamwyvetia da sabediswero, rom qals Tavdapirvelad<br />

ar aqceven yuradRebas, SesaZlebelia misi uaryofac ki xdebodes, sanam is vinmes sakuTrebad<br />

ar ganixileba. aseTi tipis adamiani swored maSin Seiyvarebs qals rodesac is garkveul<br />

urTierTobas daamyarebs vinmesTan.<br />

2meore piroba, naklebad mdgradi magram aseve ucnauria. obieqtis SerCevis amgvari tipi<br />

mxolod im pirobasTan erTiandeba, romelic pirvelad iyo aRwerili, amasTanave froidi<br />

aRniSnavs, rom pirveli tipis SemTxveva xSiria. meore piroba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom<br />

ganuxrwneli, yovelgvari eWvis gareSe patiosani qali ar aris sakmarisad mimzidveli<br />

imisaTvis, rom siyvarulis obieqtad iqces. sqesobrivi TvalsazrisiT mimzidvelia mxolod is<br />

qali, romlis patiosneba da erTguleba saeWvo aris. es ukanaskneli gansakuTrebuloba<br />

ganapirobebs gansxvavebul SesaZleblobebs, dawyebuli gaTxovili qalis reputaciis mciredi<br />

naklulovanebidan, siyvarulis qalRmerTis cxovrebis niriT damTavrebuli. am pirobas<br />

mciredi gadametebis saxiT SesaZlebelia vuwodoT “meZavisadmi siyvaruli”. pirveli saxis<br />

piroba sxva mamakacisadmi mtruli ganwyobis dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, romelsac<br />

arTmeven sayvarel qals, meore piroba ki – qalis prostituciasTan kavSiri – ukavSirdeba<br />

eWvianobis SegrZnebis gancdis aucileblobas, romelic am tipis SeyvarebulTa saWiroebas /<br />

moTxovnilebas warmoadgens. froidi ganasxvavebs am ori kategoriis tipebs imiT, rom meore<br />

SemTxvevaSi eWvianobis sagans warmoadegns ara kanonieri “mflobeli” – meuRle – aramed is<br />

ucxo pirebi, pretendentebi, visTanac siaxlovis eWvi gaaCnia mamakacs. xolo rac Seexeba<br />

kanonier partniors, masTan urTierToba problemas ar warmoadgens, am SemTxvevaSi eWvianobas<br />

adgili ar aqvs. Semdegi punqtebi warmoadegnen ara siyvarulis obieqtis moTxovnilebebs,<br />

aramed damokidebulebas siyvarulis obieqtis mimarT.<br />

3normaluri sasiyvarulo cxovrebis SemTxvevaSi qalis faseuloba ganisazRvreba misi<br />

sibiwiT da klebulobs rodesac meZavis kategorias vuaxlovdebiT. aqedan gamomdinare<br />

moyvanili tipis Seyvarebulebi gadaxras warmoadgenen. aseTi tipis qalebisadmi siyvaruls<br />

isini miecemian mTeli Tavisi arsebiT, mTeli CarTulobiT, rac cxovrebis danarCeni<br />

interesebis miCqmalvas ganapirobebs. am SemTxvevaSi mudmivad erTgulebis moTxovnasTan aris<br />

kavSiri. am niSanTvisebebiT aisaxeba amgvari urTierTobebis akviatebuli xasiaTi, romelic<br />

erTis mxriv damaxasiaTebelia nebismieri tipis SeyvarebulobisaTvis. magram amgvari tipis<br />

urTierTobebis ar gamoirCeva mdgradobiTa da ar warmoadgens erTaderT SemTxvevas<br />

cxovrebaSi.<br />

4yvelaze ufro metad gasaocari aris amgvari tipis urTierTobebSi is, rom aseT<br />

Seyvarebulebs aqvT mudam tendencia gadaarCinon TavianTi Seyvarebuli qali. mamakaci<br />

darwmunebulia rom qali mis gareSe dakargavs im zneobriv safuZvels romelic mas mxolod<br />

am SemTxvevaSi gaaCnia da rom igi advilad “daecema” zneobrivad.<br />

iqidan gamomdinare rom aRwerili tipebis midrekilebani gansxvavdebian, SeuZlebelia rom<br />

maTi warmoqmna mxolod erTi wyarodan / mizezidan iyos ganpirobebuli. Tumca froidi Tvlis<br />

rom fsiqoanalitikuri kvlevis Sedegad SesaZlebelia am mizezis gamoZieba. obieqtis es<br />

Taviseburi arCevani da aseTi ucnauri sasiyvarulo urTierTobebi imave fsiqikuri<br />

warmomavlobis arian rogorc sasiyvarulo kavSiri normaluri adamianis SemTxvevaSi: isini<br />

50

warmoiqmnebian bavSvuri fiqsaciidan dedis sinazeze da TavisTavad am fiqsaciis erT-erT Sedegs<br />

warmoadgenen.<br />

froidi Tvlis saWirod rom miuTiTos am tipis mamakacebis maxasiaTeblebis warmoqmnaze<br />

dedobrivi konstelaciidan gamomdinare. aseve bavSvuri urTierTobisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli<br />

is gadafaseba, romlis Tanaxmadac Seyvarebuli mxolod erTaderTia da Seucvleli: vinaidan<br />

aravis ar gaaCnia erTze meti deda.<br />

magram is, rom obieqtis arCevani exeba meZavs, sruliad ewinaaRmdegeba imas, rom es<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos dedis konpleqsidan gamomdinare. magram swored am mZafr winaaRmdegobas<br />

“dedasa” da “meZavs” Soris mivyavarT am ori kopleqsis ganviTarebisa da aracnobieri<br />

urTierTqmedebis ganviTarebis istoriis kvlevisaken, vinaidan froidis mtkicebiT xSir<br />

SemTxvevaSi aracnobierSi erTiandeba is, rac cnobierSi or sapirispiro cnebebad aris<br />

danawevrebuli. am kvlevas mivyavarT daaxloebiT im wlebisaken, rodesac biWi pirvelad igebs<br />

zrdasrulebs Soris sqesobrivi urTierTobebis arsebobis Sesaxeb – es aris sqesobrivi<br />

momwifebis winare wlebi. sqesobrivi urTierTobebis saidumlos gamoaSkaraveba zrdasrulTa<br />

avtoritetis msxvrevas ganapirobebs. is garemoeba rom yvelaferi es mis mSoblebs exeba, kidev<br />

ufro met gavlenas axdens biWze. xSir SemTxvevaSi rodesac bavSvi am yvelafris Sesaxeb igebs<br />

aprotestebs amas daaxlovbiT aseTi formiT: SesaZloa Seni mSoblebi, an sxvisi mSoblebi msgavs<br />

raimes sCadian, magram Cemi mSoblebi aseT rames ar akeTeben.<br />

amave dros biWi igebs iseTi qalebis Sesaxeb romlebic Tavisi profesiis gamo, sqesobriv<br />

urTierTobebSi Sedian da amis gamo maT yvela ver itans. es siZulvili misTvis miuRebelia,<br />

vinaidan aseTi qalebis mimarT mas uCndeba ltolvisa da siZulvilis Sereuli grZnoba, vinaidan<br />

man icis, rom swored amgvari qalebis meoxebiT gaecnoba sqesobriv cxovrebas. rodesac mas ukve<br />

saerTod aRar epareba eWvi rom mSoblebic ewevian sqesobriv cxovrebas, misTvis dedasa da<br />

dacemul qals Soris arsebuli sxvaoba ukve imdenad didi aRar aris. bavSvi isev “oidiposis<br />

kompleqsis” gavlenas ganicdis. is rom dedamiss mama uyvars misTvis Ralaris tolfasia.<br />

rac Seexeba im tips, romelic midrekilia Seyvarebuli qalis gadarCenisaken, am<br />

SemTxvevaSi froidi amtkicebs rom am pirebis “gadafarvadi mogonebebis”, fantaziebisa da Ramis<br />

sizmrebis Seswavla gviCvenebs, rom adgili aqvs aracnobieri potivis “racionalizaciis”<br />

warmatebul SemTxvevas. sinamdvileSi, gadarCenis motivs gaaCnia damoukidebeli mniSvneloba da<br />

istoriac. is warmoadgens dedis, an ufro sworad mSobelTa kompleqsis produqts. rodesac<br />

bavSvs esmis rom is davalebulia mSoblebis winaSe sakuTari arsebobiT, mas uCndeba rogorc<br />

nazi, aseve swrafvis gamomxatveli grZnobebic, damoukeblobisaken swrafva igulisxmeba. bavSvs<br />

uCndeba survili rom daubrunos mSoblebs es ZRveni. es vlindeba imaSi, rom vaJs uCndeba<br />

survili dedisagan iyolios Svili, romelic misi msgavsi iqneboda, e. i. gadarCenis fantaziaSi<br />

is sruliad aigivebs sakuTar Tavs mamasTan. yvela saxis ltolva – nazi, keTilSobili, flobis<br />

survilis, daumorCileblobisa da uflebamosilebis fpoveben Tavis dakmayofilebas mxolod erT<br />

survilSi, rom bavSvi iyos sakuTari Tavis mama. amave dros ar qreba saSiSroebis momentic: TviT<br />

dabadebis aqti TavisTavad warmoadgens saSiSroebas, romlisagan gadarCenac dedis Zalisxmevidan<br />

gamomdinareobs. dabadeba warmoadgens pirvel cxovrebiseul saSiSroebas, romelic aseve sxva<br />

danarCeni saSiSroebebis gansaxierebasac ki warmoadgens: froidis azriT is gancdebi, romelic<br />

dabadebisas gviCndeba rCeba CvenSi im afeqturi gamoxatulebis saxiT rasac Cven SiSs vuwodebT.<br />

froids moyvanili aqvs Sotlandiuri legendis gmiris magaliTi – makdufi, romlisaTvisac ar<br />

iyo cnobili SiSis gancda, vinaidan is ar dabadebula, aramed amoWres dedis muclidan.<br />

froids moyvanili aqvs sizmrebis axsnis magaliTic. rodesac mamakaci xedavs sizmarSi,<br />

rom is gadaarCens qals, es niSnavs imas, rom am qals is dedad aqcevs – zemoT moyvanili<br />

mosazrebis Tanaxmad es niSnavs imas, rom is mas sakuTar dedad aqcevs. xolo rodesac qali<br />

gadaarCens vinmes Tavis sizmarSi (bavSvs magaliTad wylidan amoiyvans), amiT is sakuTar Tavs<br />

cnobs mis dedad, rogorc dedofali, romelmac wyalSi mose ipova da Tavi aRiara mis dedad,<br />

romelmac is Soba.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom dakvirvebis safuZvelze gamokveTili amgvari tipebis mxolod<br />

dakavSirebuli ganmarteba mogvcems SesaZleblobas swori Sefaseba movaxdinoT.<br />

51

narcisizmze<br />

1<br />

termini “narcisizmi” gadaRebulia 1899 w. P. Nacke-s mier aRwerili avadmyofobis<br />

suraTidan. es termini gamoiyeneboda im mdgomareobis asaRniSnavad, rodesac adamiani Tavis<br />

sxeuls rogorc seqsualur obieqts epyroba, aTvalierebs mas seqsualuri dakmayofilebis<br />

SegrZnebiT, efereba sakuTar sxeuls manam, sanam srul dakmayofilebas ar iZens. narcisizmis<br />

gamovlinebis amgvari forma warmoadgens garyvnilobas, romelic mocemuli piris seqsualuri<br />

cxovrebis sferos moicavs. msgavsi garyvniloba Seesabameba im warmodgenebsa da winaganwyobebs,<br />

romelic yvela saxis garyvnilobis Seswavlisas aris Tanmxlebi.<br />

fsiqoanalitikurma dakvirvebebma cxadyo, rom msgavsi narcisistuli qcevis calkeuli<br />

niSanTvisebebi sxva avadmyofuri gamovlinebebis mqone pirebisaTvisac aris damaxasiaTebeli;<br />

magaliTad Sadger-is mixedviT homoseqsualebTan. Tumca saboloo jamSi aRniSnulia, rom<br />

narcisizmis libido aseve normaluri seqsualuri ganviTarebis mqone adamianisaTvisac<br />

damaxasiaTebelia.<br />

aseTive sirTuleebi aRiniSneba nevrotikebis fsiqoanalitikuri mkurnalobisas. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi narcisizmi ar warmoadgens perverzias, aramed TviTgadarCenis instinqtis egoizmis<br />

libidonozuri danamatia, romelic garkveuli raodenobiT yoveli cocxali arsebisaTvis aris<br />

damaxasiaTebeli.<br />

im avadmyofebSi, romelTac froidi parafrenikebs uwodebs, (Sizofrenia – zogadi<br />

dasaxeleba mTeli rigi kognituri, emociuri da qceviTi gamovlinebebis mqone<br />

fsiqoturi darRvevebisaTvis. termini SemoRebuli iurgen bliuleris mier,<br />

romelmac is SemoiRo 1911 wels, dementia praecox-is sanacvlod. pirdapiri<br />

Targmanis mixedviT misi mniSvnelobaa – gonebrivi daqucmaceba, is SerCeuli iyo<br />

bliuleris mier vinaidan darRveva areklavs/asaxavs erTis mxriv grZnobebisa da<br />

emociebis funqciebs Soris arsebul gansvlas an disociacias/ganridebas, xolo<br />

meores mxriv azrovnebisa da swavlis. es niSnavs imas, rom ‘daqucmaceba’ aq aris<br />

horizontaluri da ara vertikaluri; es bolo disociacia warmoqmnis – rTul<br />

pirovnebas multiple personality, gansxvavebul fsiqiatriul sindroms.) ori ZiriTadi<br />

maxasiaTebeli gaaCniaT: gandidebis bodva da garemo samyarosadmi interesis dakargva (pirebisa da<br />

sagnebisadmi). fsiqikis am cvlilebidan gamomdinare amgvari avadmyofebi ar eqvemdebarebian<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> zemoqmedebas, maTi gankurneba SeuZlebelia.<br />

rogorc isteriks, aseve nevrotiksac axasiaTebs akviatebuli mdgomareobebi vinaidan maTi<br />

avadmyofoba aisaxeba samyarosTan damokidebulebaSi, darRveulia realobisadmi normaluri<br />

damokidebuleba. magram analizi gviCvenebs rom msgavs avadmyofebs ar daukargavT erotiuli<br />

damokidebuleba adamianebisa da sagnebis mimarT, is Semonaxulia maTi fantaziis sferoSi. isini<br />

ar moimoqmedeben arafers am obieqtebiT flobis ganxorcielebisaTvis.<br />

mxolod amgvari mdgomareobebisaTvsi aris marTebuli Lung-is mier gamoyenebuli<br />

gamonaTqvami: libidos introversia. parafrenikebis SemTxvevaSi gansxvavebuli viTareba aris.<br />

rogorc Cans, libido CamoSorda adamianebsa da gare samyaros sagnebs da ar momxdara maTi<br />

Canacvleba fantaziis produqtebiT.<br />

froids ainteresebs libidos momarTulobis sakiTxi am SemTxvevaSi, is varaudobs, rom am<br />

SemTxvevaSI garkveul miniSnebebs iZleva gandidebis bodva. is obieqtebis libidos nacvlad<br />

aRmocenda. gare samyarosagan CamoSorebuli libido sakuTar mes ubrundeba, masze momarTuli<br />

xdeba, amgvarad miiReba mdgomareoba romelsac SeiZleba vuwodoT narcisizmi.<br />

libidos Teoriis ganviTarebis mesame SesaZleblobas warmoadgens froidis dakvirvebebi<br />

primitiuli Temebis sulier cxovrebaze da aseve maTi fsiqikis wvdoma. primitiuli Temebis<br />

dakvirvebisas Tavs iCens iseTi maxasiaTebelebi, rac erTeul SemTxvevebSi iqneboda<br />

interpretirebuli rogorc gandidebis bodva. survilebisa da zebunebrivi Zalebis rwmena da a.<br />

S. gare samyaros mimarT aseTive damokidebuleba aqvs Tanamedrove bavSvsac. aqedan gamomdinare<br />

iqmneba STabeWdileba rom pirvel rigSi xdeba libidos koncentracia sakuTar me-ze da<br />

SemdgomSi mxolod misi nawilis gadatana xdeba obieqtebze.<br />

52

SeimCneva me – libidosa da obieqt – libidos dapirispireba/winaaRmdegoba. ra ufro<br />

metad ixarjeba erTi, miT ufro naklebad moqmedia meore.<br />

froidi ganixilavs narcisizmisa da autoerotiulobis damokidebulebis sakiTxs. is<br />

aRniSnavs rom individs ar gaaCnia me pirovnebis erTianoba Tavdapirvelad: me unda ganviTardes,<br />

autoerotiuli ltolvebi ki pirveladia; aqedan gamomdinare autoerotiami unda Seicavdes<br />

kidev raime sxva gancdebsac imisaTvis, rom warmoiqmnas narcisizmi.<br />

me-libidosa da obieqt-libidos faseuloba mdgomareobs imaSi, rom isini aRmocendnen<br />

nevrotuli da fsiqoturi procesebis umniSvnelo gansakuTrebulobebis gadamuSavebis Sedegad.<br />

libidos dayofa me-sa da obieqtTan dakavSirebiT gamomdinareobs sqesualuri ltolvis mes<br />

ltolvisagan gansxvavebiTa da gamoyofiT.<br />

upirveles yovlisa am cnebebis (me da obieqt libido) dayofa SimSilisa da<br />

siyvarulisadmi pirveladi ltolvebis zogadad miRebuli dayofidan gamomdinareobs. meore –<br />

biologiuri mosazrebebic mis sasargeblod metyveleben. individi namdvilad ormag cxovrebas<br />

eweva. misTvis seqsualobac ki aris TavisTavadi, romelsac is aZlevs mTels Zalas, imisaTvis<br />

rom miiRos tkboba. mesame – unda gvaxsovdes rom yvela fsiqologiuri daSvebebi unda iyos<br />

gadatanili organul safuZvelze. aqedan gamomdinare dasaSvebia, rom gansakuTrebuli<br />

nivTierebebi da qimiuri procesebi gamoixateba seqsualobis saxiT da maTi meSveobiT seqsualuri<br />

cxovreba modgmis sicocxlis gagrZelebas ganapirobebs.<br />

froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom garemoeba sul sxvagvari iqneboda Tuki damtkicdeboda<br />

is rom Sizofreniis SemTxvevaSi libido arSemdgaria. amas amtkicebda C. Jung-i ramac aiZula<br />

froidi am msjelobisadmi. is amtkicebs rom iungis mier moyvanili mtkicebulebebi arasakmarisia.<br />

Tavis mxriv iungi aRniSnavs – “sayuradReboa Tu ras eyrdnoba froidi Tavis namuSevarSi<br />

Shreber’e, rom introversia Libido sexualis ganapirobebs mis koncentracias meze, ris Sedegadac<br />

SesaZlebelia gamowveulia realobis funqciis dakargva.” iungis azriT realobis dakargvis<br />

fsiqologiis amgvari axsna momxiblavad JRers. magram Semdeg is uaryofs am ideas, vinaidan am<br />

SemTxvevaSi Cndeba SesaZlebloba imisa, rom Camoyalibdes asketuri anaqoretis (?) fsiqologia.<br />

magram amgvari anaqoreti SesaZlebelia srulebiT ar gamoxatavdes seqsualur interess adamianis<br />

mimarT, magram mis sublimirebas axdendes RvTaebrivobisadmi interesis gamovleniT, bunebisadmi,<br />

cxovelebisadmi, am dros misi libido ar eqvemdebareba introversias fantaziis sferoSi da ar<br />

ubrundeba mes.<br />

2<br />

narcisizmis kvleva winaaRmdegobebsac awydeba. ZiriTadi midgoma isev da isev parafreniis<br />

analizia.<br />

froidi gamoyofs kvlevis gansxvavebul saSualebebs, erT-erTs warmoadgens organuli<br />

avadmyofebis fsiqologiis, ipoqondriis fsiqologiisa da orive sqesis siyvarulis grZnobis<br />

gamovlinebebs.<br />

rogorc cnobilia da savsebiT gasagebia, adamiani, romelic organul avadmyofobas<br />

ganicdis da aqvs arasasiamovno SegrZnebebi, kargavs interess gare samyaros obieqtebis mimarT,<br />

vinaidan isini ar arian dakavSirebuli mis gancdebTan. kidev ufro zusti dakvirveba gviCvenebs,<br />

rom mas ekargeba libidonozuri interesi, mas aRar uyvars, sanam ganicdis. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

SeiZleba iTqvas rom avadmyofi Tavisi libids koncentracias axdens meze. is CamoaSorebs mas<br />

obieqtebidan, imisaTvis rom gamojanmrTelebis Semdeg kvlav daubrundes.<br />

rogorc avadmyofoba, aseve Zilis mdgomareobac dakavSirebulia narcisistul<br />

dabrunebasTan sakuTari Tavisadmi, an zustad rom vTqvaT erTaderT moTxovnilebasTan – Zilis<br />

moTxovnilebasTan. amasTan srul TanxmobaSia aseve sizmrebis egoizmic.<br />

azrTa amgvari msvlelobis mixedviT, froidi upirispirdeba ara mxolod ipoqondriis,<br />

aramed sxva aqtualuri nevrozebis, nevrasteniisa da SiSis nevrozsac.<br />

avadmyofobis meqanizmi da simptomebis warmoqmna “gadatanis nevrozebis” SemTxvevaSi, e. w.<br />

introversiidan depresiisaken ganviTarebis procesi aucilebelia iyos dakavSirebuli libido<br />

obieqtebis dagrovebasa da SeyovnebasTan. aseve unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli me-libidos<br />

53

dagrovebisa da Seyovnebis warmodgenac da moxdes misi dakavSireba ipoqondriisa da parafreniis<br />

fenomenebTan.<br />

Zlieri egoizmi icavs adamians avadmyofobisagan, magram bolos da bolos, aucilebelia<br />

Seyvareba imisaTvis, rom ar daavadde, da Tuki adamians ar eZleva SesaZlebloba rom Seiyvaros,<br />

erTaderTi rac SeiZleba moxdes aris is rom adamiani daavaddeba. iqve froids haines samyaros<br />

Seqmnis fsiqogenezisi aqvs moyvanili magaliTad.<br />

pirvel rigSi froidis azriT Cveni sulieri aparati aris is iaraRi romlis meSveobiTac<br />

vumklavdebiT aRgznebebs, romlebic Cveulebriv ganicdebian mtkivneulad da arsebobs maTi<br />

paTogenuri zemoqmedebis saSiSroebac. am Sinagani libidos gadamuSavebis dros romelic<br />

obieqtebidan mes ubrundeba, parafreniisas gandidebis bodvis ganviTarebis SesaZleblobac iqmneba;<br />

sruliad SesaZlebelia rom am bodvis Camoyalibebis warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi, libidos<br />

koncentracia meze paTogenur xasiaTs iZens da iwvevs process, romelic ukve Tavis momdevno<br />

ganviTarebaSi avadmyofobis saxes iZens.<br />

froidi saWirod Tvlis parafreniis meqanizmi siRrmiseulad iyos ganxiluli.<br />

narcisistuli daavadebebis (parafrenia, paranoia) (paranoia – standartul fsiqiatriul<br />

nozologiaSi, es aris funqcionaluri darRveva romlisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia<br />

eWvianobis mania, da aseve gandidebis da/an devnis maniebi, rac ar aixsneba sxva<br />

iseTi darRvevbiT rogoricaa Sizofrenia, organuli gonebrivi darRveva da<br />

organuli gonebrivi sindromi. klasikuri formis SemTxvevaSi maniebi SeumCnevlad<br />

viTardebian da ukavSirdebian erTmaneTs racionaluri da Tanmimdevruli rwmenebis<br />

sistemis saxiT, romelic Sinaganad/TavisTavad Tanmimdevruli da mtkicea.<br />

Camoyalibebis Semdeg es sistema uryevia da Zlieri winaaRmdegoba gaaCnia.<br />

paranoias SemTxvevaSi inteleqtualuri funqcia ar aris dazianebuli da<br />

paranoidi Tavisi maniebis sistemis farglebSi sruliad Sesabamisad iqceva.)<br />

sxvaobas is xedavs SemdegSi: cxovrebiseuli brZolisas mocemuli piris warumateblobis Sedegad<br />

ganTavisufelebuli libido ar Cerdeba fantaziis obieqtebze, aramed ubrundeba mes; am<br />

SemTxvevaSi gandidebis bodva libidos am masebis fsiqikuri gadalaxvis Sesabamisia; am fsiqikuri<br />

bodvis warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi viTardeba ipoqondri da parafrenia, romelic “gadatanis<br />

nevrozis” dros arsebuli SiSis homologiuria. froidi aRniSnavs, rom es SiSi SesaZlebelia<br />

Seenacvlos momdevno gadamuSavebis produqtebs konversiebis (konversia – standartuli<br />

mniSvnelobiT aris raimes transformacia erTi mdgomareobidan meoreSi), “reaqtiuli<br />

warmonaqmnis” da TavdacviTi zomebis (fobiebis) saxiT.<br />

vinaidan parafrenia xSir SemTxvevaSi Sedegad iwvevs libidos nawilobriv CamoSorebas<br />

obieqtebisagan, am dros SesaZlebelia sami movlenis gamoyofa: 1) movlenebi romlebic<br />

ukavSirdeba SenarCunebul normalurobas an nevrozs (SemorCenili movlenebi); 2) avadmyofuri<br />

procesis movlenebi (libidos CamoSoreba obieqtebidan, aqve igulsxmeba gandidebis bodva,<br />

ipoqondria, afeqturi darRvevebi, yvela saxis regresiebi); 3) TviTgankurnebis movlena, libidos<br />

dabruneba obieqtebisaken isteriis saxiT (Dementia praecox, paraphrenia) an akviatebis nevrozis<br />

saxiT (paranoia).<br />

mesame midgomas narcisizmis Seswavlisas warmoadgens sasiyvarulo cxovreba misi<br />

gansxvavebuli doferenciaciis saxiT mamakacebTan da qalebTan.<br />

pirveli autoerotiuli seqsualuri dakmayofileba ukavSirdeba sicocxlisaTvis<br />

mniSvnelovan TviTgadarCenis funqciebs. aRniSnulia seqsualur obieqtad dedis an misi<br />

Semcveleli piris arCeva. amgvari tipifroidis azriT aris sayrdenis maZiebeli<br />

(Anlehnungstypus), analitikurma kvlevam kidev erTi tipis warmoCineba ganapiroba.<br />

gansakuTrebiT amgvari movelna damaxasiaTebelia im pirebisaTvis romelTa libidom garkveuli<br />

darRvevebi ganicada, rogorc es xdeba magaliTad garyvnilebTan da homoseqsualurebTan –<br />

romelTa SemTxvevaSic obieqtis SerCeva xdeba ara dedis magaliTis mixedviT, aramed sakuTari<br />

Tavis magaliTis mixedviT. rogorc Cans, froidis azriT siyvaruli obieqtSi isini sakuTar Tavs<br />

eZeben. obieqtis arCevis amgvar tips froidi narcisistuls uwodebs. am dakvirvebam ganapiroba<br />

is, rom libidos ganviTarebis erT-erT stadias warmoadgens narcisizmi.<br />

54

froidi aRniSnavs, rom yovel adamians pirveladad gaaCnia ori seqsualuri obieqti:<br />

sakuTari Tavi da misi aRmzrdeli qali, am SemTxvevaSi is TiToeul adamianSi pirveladi<br />

narcisizmis arsebobas uSvebs, romelmac zogierT SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa dominirebuli pozicia<br />

daikavos obieqtis arCevisas.<br />

mamakacisa da qalis gansxvavebulobas froidi Semdegnairad aRwers. obieqtisadmi Rrma<br />

siyvaruls sayrdeni tipis mixedviT, is damaxasiaTeblad miiCnevs mamakacis SemTxvevaSi. amgvari<br />

seqsualuri gadafaseba ganapirobebs Taviseburi Seyvarebulobis mdgomareobas, romelic<br />

nevrotul akviatebas waagavs, risi axsnac SesaZlebelia mesgan libidos warTmeviTa da misi<br />

gadacemiT obieqtisaTvis. sruliad gansxvavebulia ganviTareba wminda da namdvili qalis tipis<br />

SemTxvevaSi. latenturi qaluri sasqeso organoebis Camoyalibebisas viTardeba pirveladi<br />

narcisizmi, romelic ukavSirdeba obieqtis seqsualur gadafasebas. gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevebSi<br />

rodesac ganviTareba silamazis ganviTarebasac ukavSirdeba.<br />

uxeSad rom iTqvas aseTi tipis qalebi sakuTar TavSi arian Seyvarebuli iseTi<br />

intensivobiT rogorc isini uyvarT mamakacebs. aseTi tipis qalebi mamakacebis yuradRebas<br />

ipyroben ara mxolod gansakuTrebuli silamazis gamo, aramed saintereso fsiqologiuri<br />

konstelaciis gamoc. froidi aRniSnavs, rom erTi pirovnebis narcisizmi mimzidvelia iseTi<br />

pirovnebebisaTvis, romelTac uaryofili qondaT sakuTari narcisizmis gancda sruli saxiT da<br />

amitomac miiltvian am adamianisadmi. froidi amtkicebs rom bavSvis momxiblaoba, aseve zogierTi<br />

cxovelis momxiblaobac swored TviTkmari narcisizmis Sedegia. magram froidi aseve aRniSnavs,<br />

rom arsebobs iseTi qalebis kategoriac visac mamakacis tipis mixedviT uyvarT, maT uviTardebaT<br />

am tipisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli seqsualuri gadafaseba.<br />

magram aseve narcisistuli qalebisaTvisac vinc mamakacebisadmi civia, arsebobs obieqtis<br />

siyvarulis SesaZlebloba. xSir SemTxvevaSi bavSvi romelsac isini aCenen, maTTvis sakuTari<br />

sxeulis nawils ganasaxierebs, romelsac maT SeuZliaT obieqtis siyvarulis momarTva mTeli<br />

Tavisi sisruliT, rac gamomdinareobs narcisizmidan. sxva tipis qalebisaTvis arc aris saWiro<br />

bavSvis gaCenis molodini. iqidan gamomdinare rom sqesobriv mowifulobamde isini biWad<br />

aRiqvamdnen sakuTar Tavs, mas Semdeg rac mowifulobasTan erTad msgavsi gamovlinebebi qreba,<br />

isini iseTi mamakacebisadmi ganicdian mizidulobas, vinc arsebiTad maTi biWuri arsebis<br />

gagrZelebas warmoadgenen.<br />

am CamonaTvalis Sedegad froidi Semdeg daskvnamde midis. adamians SeuZlia uyvardes:<br />

1.narcisistuli tipis mixedviT:<br />

a.is rasac warmoadgen TavisTavad (sakuTari Tavi),<br />

b.is rac iyavi adre,<br />

c.is, rac gindoda yofiliyavi,<br />

d.pirovneba, romelic sakuTari Tavis nawili iyo.<br />

2.sayrdenis maZiebeli tipis mixedviT:<br />

a.aRmzrdeli qali,<br />

b.damcveli kaci da mTeli rigi misi Semcvleli pirebisa.<br />

bavSvis pozicia unda iyos His Majesty the Baby (misi udidebulesoba beibi) – vinaidan es<br />

aris is rogoradac miaCndaT sakuTari Tavi TviT mSoblebsac.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom bavSvisaTvis yvelaferi saukeTesos survili gamoixateba swored<br />

mSoblebis narcisizmis aRorZinebiT, romelic miuxedavad imisa, rom obieqtisadmi siyvarulSi<br />

aris gardasaxuli, Tavis nadmvil arss mainc gamoxatavs.<br />

3<br />

fsiqoanalitikuri kvleva, romelic mes ltolvebisagan izolirebuli libidozuri<br />

ltolvebis dakvirvebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, damkvirvebels SesaZleblobas aniWebs im droisa<br />

da fsiqikuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb gamoitanos daskvna, rodesac gansxvavebuli saxis ltolvebi<br />

erTdroulad moqmedeben da uerTdebian narcisistul interesebs. am urTierTqmedebidan<br />

gamomdinare adlerma Seqmna Tavisi “mamakacuri protesti”, romelsac is TiTqmis erTaderTi<br />

SemoqmedebiTi Zalis rols aniWebs nevrozebis xasiaTis Camoyalibebis procesSi, xolo mis<br />

55

safuZvelSi is miiCnevs ar anarcisistul ltolvas, aramed socialur Sefasebas. froidi ar<br />

uaryofs “mamakacuri protestis” arsebobasa da mniSvnelobas, ubralod adleris sapirispirod<br />

is amtkicebs mis narcisistul sawyiss da warmoqmnas “kastraciuli kompleqsidan”.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom libidonozuri ltolvebi gardauval paTogenur gandevnas ganicdian,<br />

Tuki isini individis kulturul da eTikur warmoadgenebTan konfliqtSi Sedian. gandevna<br />

rogorc ukve aRiniSna gamomdinareobs medan, ufro sworad, mes<br />

pativmoyvareobidan/Tavmoyvareobidan. idealis Camoyalibeba, mes mxridan gandevnis warmoqmnis<br />

sawindaria/mizezia.<br />

swored mes am ideals ekuTvnis is siyvaruli sakuTari Tavis mimarT, romelic bavSvobaSi<br />

gamomdinareobda namdvili medan. narcisizmi am axal idealur meze gadaitaneba, romelic<br />

infantiluris msgavsad yvela faseul srulyofilebebs flobs.<br />

Tavis Tavad am SemTxvevaSi wamoiWreba idealis warmoqmnisa da sublimirebis<br />

urTierTdamokidebulebis sakiTxi. sublimireba aris procesi romelic xorcieldeba libidos<br />

obieqtTan mimarTebaSi, da mdgomareobs imaSi rom ltolva gadaitaneba gansxvavebul mizanze,<br />

romelic Sors aris seqsualurisagan. idealizacia aris procesi, romelsac ganicdis obieqti da<br />

romlis Sedegadac obieqti ar icvleba Tavisi arsiT, fsiqikurad iZens ra ufro met<br />

mniSvnelobas da aseve ufro met Sefasebasac.idealizacia SesaZlebelia rogorc me-libidos<br />

sferoSi, aseve obiet-libidos sferoSic.<br />

araswori gacnobierebidan gamomdinare, xSirad aerTianeben/aigiveben me-idealisa da<br />

sublimirebis ltolvis warmoqmnas. swored nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia moiZebnos meidealisa<br />

da primitiuli libidozuri ltolvebis sublimirebis ganviTarebis doneebs Soris<br />

arsebuli mkveTri sxvaoba. idealis Camoyalibeba mes moTxovnilebebis amaRlebas ganapirobebs da<br />

gandevnisaTvis yvelaze karg pirobebs qmnis; xolo sublimireba warmoadgens im gamosavals,<br />

romlis SemTxvevaSic es moTxovnilebebi SesaZlebelia dakmayofildes yovelgvari gandevnis<br />

gareSec.<br />

froidis azriT ar iqneboda araferi gasakviri, Tuki SesaZlebeli iqneboda iseTi<br />

fsiqikuri instanciis moZieba, romelic Tavisi daniSnulebiT im narcisistuli dakmayofilebis<br />

uzrunvelyofas warmoadgenda, romelic me idealidan gamomdinareobs. Tuki msgavsi instancia<br />

arsebobs, gasagebia rom SeuZlebelia misi aRmocena; Cven gveZleva aRiarebis SesaZlebloba, rom<br />

is rasac Cven sindiss veZaxiT, am instanciis niSanTvisebebis matarebelia. xSirad avadmyofebi<br />

Civian, rom yvela maTi azri cnobilia, am instanciis sifxizlis Sesaxeb maT informacias awvdian<br />

xmebi, romlebic – rac gansakuTrebulad damaxasiaTebelia – maT mimarTaven mesame pirSi (“exla<br />

ki is fiqrobs amis Sesaxev, exla ki is midis”). es Civili marTebulia, is warmoaCens viTarebis<br />

namdvil mdgomareobas. msgavsi Zala, romelic yvela Cvens wamowyebas Tvalyurs adevnebs da<br />

akritikebs, namdvilad arsebobs, igi Cveulia yvela CvenTaganis normaluri cxovrebisaTvisac.<br />

TvalTvalis bodva asaxavs am fenomens pirvandel regresiul formaSi, amasTanave warmoaCens mis<br />

genezissa da safuZvels, ris gamoc avadmyofi upirispirdeba mas.<br />

smeniTi halucinaciebSi xSir SemTxvevaSi aisaxeba mSobelTa kritika da saertod yvela im<br />

sazogadoebrivi piris damokidebuleba, romelic individis garemocvaSia. avadmyofobidan<br />

gamomdinare xmebis saxiT vlindeba smeniTi halucinaciebi, da amgvari avadmyofuri formiT<br />

regresiulad aisaxeba sindisis ganviTarebis istoria. xolo amgvari cenzoruli instanciiT<br />

gamowveuli aRSfoTeba warmoiqmneba imis gamo, rom avadmyofis pirovneba miiltvis amgvari<br />

gavlenebisagan ganTavisuflebisaken.<br />

amgvari kritikuli da dakvirvebiTi moqmedeba, romlis gaZlierebac iwvevs sindisisa da<br />

filosofiuri cnobierebis ganviTarebas aseve gansxvavebul sferoebSic SeiniSneba. am sferoebs<br />

froidi miakuTvnebs imas, rasac N. Silberer-ma uwoda “funqcionaluri fenomeni” – es aris erTerTi<br />

danamati sizmrebis Seswavlisa, romlis faseulobac cnobilia. Silberer-ma daamtkica, rom<br />

Zilisa da sifxizles Soris arsebul mdgomareobaSi SesaZlebelia azrebis suraTebad<br />

gardasaxvis dakvirveba. magram amgvari pirobebis SemTxvevaSi warmoCindeba ara azrebis Sinaarsi,<br />

aramed mdgomareoba (mixriloba daRlilobisaken da a. S.) romelSic imyofeba adamiani. man aseve<br />

daamtkica, rom TviTdakvirveba, paranoiduli dakvirvebis bodvis saxiT monawileobas iRebs<br />

sizmrebis warmoqmnaSi.<br />

56

Tuki ufro metad CavuRrmavdebiT “mes” struqturis detalebs, maSin “mes” idealSi da<br />

sindisis dinamiur gamovlinebebSi sizmrebis cenzors amovicnobT.<br />

am TvalsazrisiT aucilebelia normalurisa da nevrotikis mdgomareobis sakiTxis<br />

ganxilva. mdgomareoba (самочувствие<br />

) pirvel rigSi mes moculobis gamoxatulebas warmoadgens (Ichgrosse)<br />

miuxedavad imisa Tu risgan Sedgeba is.<br />

mes seqsualuri ltolvebis gansxvavebis gacnobierebiT, unda vaRiaroT rom mdgomareoba<br />

damokidebulia narcisistul libidoze. am SemTxvevaSi froidi or mniSvnelovan faqts eyrdnoba:<br />

parafreniis SemTxvevaSi TviTSegrZneba (самочувствие<br />

) amaRlebulia, xolo gadatanis nevrozebis SemTxvevaSi<br />

igi dabalia, da rom sasiyvarulo cxovrebaSi im adamians vinc ar uyvarT TviTSegrZneba dabali<br />

aqvs, xolo is vinc uyvarT – mas maRali. is visac uyvars SesaZlebelia iTqvas moklebulia<br />

Tavis narcisizms da SeuZlia misi dabruneba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi Tuki isic eyvareba vinmes.<br />

swored aq unda iyos moZiebuli mizezi Tu ratom axdenen nevrotikebi sakuTari<br />

naklulovanebis SegrZnebis demonstrirebas aseTi mondomebiT. am grZnobebis namdvil mizezs<br />

warmoadgens mes gaubadrukeba romelic gamomdinareobs libidos obieqtebisadmi ganuzomeli<br />

mijaWvulobiT mes xarjze, anu mes dazianeba seqsualuri miswrafebis gamo, romelic ar<br />

eqvemdebareba kontrols.<br />

froidis sityvebiT adlerma sworad aRniSna, rom sakuTari organuli naklulovanebis<br />

SegrZneba aRgznebiT zemoqmedebas axdens sulieri cxovrebis qmediTunarianobaze da<br />

zekompensaciebis saSualebiT amaRlebul produqtiulobas iwvevs. nevrozebis eTiologiaSi<br />

organuli naklulovaneba pirveladi mniSvnelobis mqonea, msgavsad aqtualuri aRqmisa sizmrebis<br />

warmoqmnisaTvis. nevrozi mas iyenebs rogorc erTgvar sababs, iseve rogorc sxva Sesabamis<br />

momentebsac.<br />

TviTSegrZnebis damokidebuleba erotikasTan (libidonozur mijaWvulobebTan da<br />

obieqtebTan) SesaZlebelia iyos formulirebuli Semdegnairad: unda moxdes ori SemTxvevis<br />

gansxvaveba – amarTlebs Tu ara me am sasiyvarulo mijaWvulobebs, Tu piriqiT, maTi gandevna<br />

moxda. pirvel SemTxvevaSi (mes mier libidos daxarjvis gamarTlebisas) siyvaruli aris<br />

Sefasebuli iseve, rogorc mes nebismieri sxva aqtiuri gamovlineba. libidos gandevnis<br />

SemTxvevaSi siyvarulis mijaWvulobebi ganicdebian rogorc mes daundobeli damcireba:<br />

sasiyvarulo dakmayofileba SeuZlebelia, mes gamdidreba SesaZlebeli iqneba mxoldo im<br />

SemTxvevaSi, Tuki libido CamoSordeba obieqtebs da daubrundeba mes.<br />

mes ganviTareba ukavSirdeba narcisizmisagan pirvelad gansvlas da iwvevs intensiur<br />

miswrafebas misadmi dabrunebisaken. es CamoSoreba gamomdinareobs libidos gadanacvlebiT garemo<br />

faqtorebiT ganpirobebuli mes idealze. amave dros me sakuTa libidonozur mijaWvulobebs<br />

gadascems obieqtebs. am mijaWvulobebis gamo is TviTonve ganicdis xelmocarulobas libidosTan<br />

mimarTebaSi da meorad gamdidrebas ganicdis obieqtebisagan dakmayofilebis gziT, rac idealis<br />

asaxvis gamoisobiT xdeba.<br />

me-ideali libidos dakmayofilebas obieqtebze mZime pirobebSi aqcevs, vinaidan sakuTari<br />

cenzuris meSveobiT is Tavisi dakmayofilebis zogierTi formisagan Tavisufldeba rogorc<br />

dauSvebelisagan. iq sadac msgavsi me-ideali ar aris Camoyalibebuli, Sesabamisi seqsualuri<br />

miswrafeba pirovnebis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis perversiis saxiT.<br />

Seyvarebuloba warmoadgens me-libidos gamovlinebas obieqtze. am gamovlinebas sakmaod<br />

didi Zala aqvs saimisod rom moxdes gandevnis ganadgureba da perversiebis aRdgena.<br />

seqsualuri ideali SesaZlebelia Semovides saintereso urTierTobaSi me-idealTan, es<br />

aris erTgvari urTierTdaxmarebiTi damokidebuleba. froids Semdegi saxis formula moyavs:<br />

uyvarT is, rasac gaaCnia is niSanTvisebebi, romelic aklia mes Tavisi idealis misaRwevad.<br />

amgvari daxmarebis movlenas didi mniSvneloba gaaCnia nevrotikisaTvis, romlis mec naklulovani<br />

xdeba obieqtisadmi gansakuTrebuli mijaWvulobis gamo da romelsac aRar gaaCnia me-idealis<br />

aRdgenis unari.<br />

me-idealis meoxebiT froidis azriT masis fsiqologiis gagebisaken mivdivarT. am ideals,<br />

individualuris garda, aseve socialuri wilic gaaCnia. is warmoadgens ojaxis, naciisa da<br />

sazogadoebis saerTo ideals.<br />

57

am idealis ganxorcielebis warumateblobis Sedegad miRebuli daukmayofilebloba<br />

anTavisuflebs homoseqsualur libidos, romelic gardaisaxeba/gadaiqceva sakuTari danaSaulis<br />

SegrZnebaSi/gacnobierebaSi (socialuri SiSi).<br />

1<br />

siamovnebis principis miRma / meore mxares<br />

fsiqoanalitikur TeoriaSi yovelgvari yoymanis gareSe aris miRebuli<br />

debuleba, romlis Tanaxmad fsiqikuri procesebis denadoba ganicdis avtomatur<br />

regulirebas siamovnebis principiT (Lustprinzip), yovel jerze usiamovnebasTan<br />

dakavSirebuli daZabulobidan gamomdinare aRgznebisas da SemdgomSi im<br />

mimarTulebis mopovebiT, romelic saboloo jamSi am daZabulobas amcirebs, sxva<br />

sityvebiT usiamovnebis (Unlust) gaqarwylebiT da siamovnebis (Lust) mopovebiT.<br />

amgvari denadobis xasiaTis mqone fsiqologiuri procesebis ganxilvisas, froidi<br />

Tvlis rom Tavis saqmianobaSi “ekonomikur” Tvalsazriss iyenebs. is Tvlis, rom<br />

Teoria, romelic topikuri da dinamiuri momentis garda aseve ekonomiursac<br />

gulisxmobs, aris yvelaze srulfasovani / daxvewili / srulyofili yvela<br />

danarCen Tanamedrove Teoriebs Soris da imsaxurebs metafsiqologiuri Teoriis<br />

saxelwodebas.<br />

Tumca is aqve aRniSnavs, rom prioriteti da originaluroba ar warmoadgens<br />

fsiqoanalitikuri samuSaos mizans. froidi madlieria am filosofiuri an<br />

fsiqologiuri Teoriis, romelmac SesaZloa moaxdinos axsna-ganmarteba im<br />

imperatiuli xasiaTis, romlis matarebelic aris CvenTvis siamovnebisa da<br />

usiamovnebis principi.<br />

froidma gadawyvita rom siamovneba da usiamovneba miusadagos raodenobas,<br />

romelic arsebobs sulier cxovrebaSi da romelic ar ukavSirdeba raimenairad<br />

daZabulobas. usiamovneba Seesabameba am raodenobis matebas, xolo siamovneba –<br />

klebas. amave dros is ar fiqrobs am SegrZnebaTa siZlieresa da im xarisxobrivi<br />

cvlilebebis Soris arsebul urTierTkavSirze (Tumca swored am xarisxobrivi<br />

cvlilebebiT aris gamowveuli maTi cvlileba). yvelaze naklebad am SemTxvevaSi<br />

SesaZlebelia pirdapir proporciulobaze fiqri (fsiqofiziologiis monacemebisa<br />

miuxedavad). froidi varaudobs, rom am SemTxvevaSi SegrZnebisaTvis gadamwyveti<br />

mniSvnelobis mqonea am cvlilebebis didi an mcire xangrZlivoba.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom ar unda iyos umniSvnelo is faqti, rom iseTi Rrma<br />

mkvlevari, rogoricaa fexneri siamovnebisa da usiamovnebis Teorias arsebiTad<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> msgavsad ganixilavs. mis mier gamoTqmulia Semdegi mosazreba<br />

“vinaidan nebismieri saxis swrafvebi ukavSirdebian siamovnebasa da usiamovnebas,<br />

SesaZlebelia rom siamovneba da usiamovneba fsiqofizikurad davukavSiroT<br />

mdgradobisa da aramdgradobis pirobebs, rac SesaZleblobas maZlevs, rom<br />

safuZveli Cavuyaro Cems mier erTgan ukve ganviTarebul hipoTezas imasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT rom nebismieri fsiqofizikuri moZraoba, romelic cnobierebas<br />

scildeba, garkveul doneze siamovnebas ukavSirdeba, rodesac is garkveuli<br />

sazRvris gadakveTis Semdgom srul mdgradobas / simyares aRwevs – da meores<br />

mxriv usaiamovnebas, rodesac aseve garkveuli sazRvris gadakveTisas is simyares<br />

kargavs; am ori sazRvris Soris romelTac SesaZlebelia siamovnebisa da<br />

usiamovnebis xarisxobrivi zRurbli daerqvas, garkveul wilad mgrZnobelobiTi<br />

indiferentulobis sferoa ganTavsebuli...”<br />

is faqtebi ramac froids misca biZgi fsiqikur cxovrebaSi siamovnebis<br />

principis uzenaesobis aRiarebisaTvis, aseve aisaxebian im SesaZleblobaSi romlis<br />

Tanaxmadac fsiqikur aparats gaaCnia tendencia SeinarCunos masSi arsebuli<br />

aRgznebis raodenoba SeZlebisdagvarad nakleb an myar / stabilur doneze. es<br />

daazloebiT igivea rac ukve iTqva, vinaidan Tuki fsiqikuri aparatis qmedeba<br />

momarTulia garkveuli raodenobis aRgznebis dabal doneze SenarCunebisaTvis. es<br />

58

niSnavs imas, rom Tuki fsiqikuri aparatis moqmedeba momarTulia aRgznebis<br />

raodenobis Sekavebaze garkveul doneze, maSin yvelaferi rac ki daZabulobis<br />

matebas uwyobs xels, unda iyos ganxiluli rogorc organizmis normaluri<br />

funqciebis darRveva, rogorc usiamovneba. siamovnebis principi konstantobis<br />

principidan gamoiyvaneba (Konstanzprinzip).<br />

Tumca froidi uaryofs rom siamovnebis principi fsiqikuri procesebis<br />

mimdinareobas marTavs. ase rom yofiliyo fsiqikuri procesebis umravlesobis<br />

Tanmxlebi an damagvirgvinebeli siamovneba unda yofiliyo. am SemTxvevaSi fexneri<br />

aRniSnavs rom “miznisaken swrafva, jer kidev ar niSnavs mis miRwevas, da saerTod<br />

mizani miRwevadia mxolod miaxlovebisas...”<br />

siamovnebis principis Sekavebis pirveli kanonzomieri SemTxveva cnobilia.<br />

Cven viciT, rom siamovnebis principi fsiqikuri aparatis pirveladi moqmedebisaTvis<br />

aris damaxasiaTebeli da rom gare samyaros sirTuleebisagan TviTgadarCenisas is<br />

ar aris vargisiani organizmisaTvis da garkveulwilad saSiSic ki aris.<br />

organizmis swrafvisas TviTgadarCenisaken es principi Cainacvleba “realobis<br />

principiT”, romelic saboloo miznis daviwyebis gareSe – raSic siamovnebis miReba<br />

igulisxmeba, dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobebs droebiT gadadebs da ganicdis<br />

usiamovnebas siamovnebis miRebisaken mimaval gzaze. Tumca froidi aRniSnavs, rom<br />

siamovnebis principi did xans ikavebs uzenaess adgils “Znelad aRsazrdeli”<br />

seqsualuri ltolvebis sferoSi, da xSir SemTxvevaSi am ltolvaTa sferoSi, an<br />

Tundac meSi, is imarjvebs realobis principze organizmisaTvis saziano<br />

SemTxvevaSic ki.<br />

kidev erTi, aseve kanonzomieri – usiamovnebis wyaro, mdgomareobs fsiqikuri<br />

aparatis konfliqtebsa da gaxeTqvaSi, maSin rodesac me viTardeba organizaciis<br />

ufro rTul formebSi. TiTqmis mTeli energia, romelic avsebs am aparats<br />

aRmocendeba masSi myofi ltolvebidan gamomdinare, magram yvela es ltolva ar<br />

aRwevs ganviTarebis msgavs fazebs. aseve xdeba ise, rom calkeuli ltolvebi da<br />

maTi komponentebi ar arian erTmaneTis Sesatyvisi Tavisi miznebisa da<br />

moTxovnebidan gamomdinare da ver erTiandebian meSi. gandevnis procesis Tanaxmad<br />

isini gamoiyofian am erTianobidan (mes erTianobidan), Sekavebuli arian fsiqikuri<br />

ganviTarebis umdables safexurebze da droebiT kargaven dakmayofilebis<br />

SesaZleblobas. Tuki maT eZlevaT SesaZlebloba gandevnili seqsualuri<br />

ltolvebis daxmarebiT miaRwion pirdapir dakmayofilebas an mis Canacvlebas,<br />

maSin es dakmayofileba romelic saerTod SesaZlebelia rom yofiliyo siamovnebis<br />

tolfasi, mes mier ganicdeba rogorc usiamovneba. am procesis detalebi jer kidev<br />

ar aris gacnobierebuli da gagebuli bolomde, magram ueWvelia, rom nebismieri<br />

saxis nevrotuli usiamovneba, garkveuli saxis siamovneba aris, romelic<br />

SeuZlebelia iyos aRqmuli.<br />

2<br />

didi xania aRwerilia is mdgomareoba romelic “travmatuli nevrozis”<br />

saxeliT aris cnobili. es aris mZime meqanikuri Seryevis Semdgomi mdgomareoba,<br />

iseTi Seryevebis romelic xdeba matarebelTa da sxva ubeduri SemTxvevebisas,<br />

romelic saSiSia sicocxlisaTvis. omi amgvari SemTxvevebis aRmocenebisaTvis<br />

xelsayreli aRmoCnda, is uamravi msgavsi daavadebis warmoqmnis mizezad iqca da<br />

misi meoxebiT warsuls Cabarda am daavadebis mizezad mxolod nervuli sistemis<br />

organuli dazianebebis miCneva.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom samxedro da aseve travmatuli nevrozebis Seswavla<br />

jer kidev ar aris amowuruli.<br />

froidis azriT dafrTxoba (Schreck), raimes SiSi (Angst), sifrTxile /<br />

ufrTxode raimes (Furcht), ara sworad aris gamoyenebuli rogorc sinonimebi.<br />

froidi ganasxvavebs am sam termins maT mimarTebaSi saSiSroebasTan. SiSi aRniSnavs<br />

saSiSroebis molodinis garkveul mdgomareobas da misdami mzaobas aseve, maSinac<br />

59

ki rodesac mis Sesaxeb araferia cnobili. rodesac ufrTxi raimes es gulisxmobs<br />

garkveul / gansazRvrul obieqts, romlisac eSiniaT. dafrTxoba ki gulismobs<br />

iseT mdgomareobas, romelic aRmocendeba saSiSroebisas, maSin rodesac subieqti<br />

ar aris misdami mzadyofnaSi, is moulodnelobis moments usvams xazs. froidi ar<br />

Tvlis rom SiSs SeuZlia travmatuli nevrozis gamowveva; SiSi gulisxmobs<br />

raRacas, rac icavs SeSinebisagan / dafrTxobisagan da aqedan gamomdinare icavs<br />

bevrozisaganac, romelic TviT SiSisagan gamomdinareobs.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom sizmris Seswavla unda iyos ganxiluli rogorc<br />

fsiqikuri procesebis yvelaze siRrmiseuli kvlevis xerxi. travmatuli nevroziT<br />

daavadebuli avadmyofis mdgomareoba Zilisas, aRiniSneba im saintereso<br />

maxasiaTebliT, romelic ganapirobebs avamdyofis dabrunebas katastrofis<br />

situaciaSi, romelmac gamoiwvia es daavadeba, amitomac avadmyofi axleburad<br />

SeSinebuli iRviZebs. avadmyofi TiTqos da fsiqikurad fiqsirebulia sakuTar<br />

travmaze. amgvari fiqsireba gancdebze ukve cnobilia isteriis SemTxvevebSic.<br />

breierma da froidma Semdegi saxis debuleba wamoayenes 1893 wels: isterikebi<br />

umeteswilad mogonebebisagan itanjebian.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom Tuki ar gvinda, rom travmatuli nevrotikebis sizmrebma<br />

gaugebrobaSi Segviyvanon sizmris survilis asrulebis tendenciidan gamomdinare,<br />

unda davaskvnaT rom am mdgomareobaSi sizmris funqcia iseve aris darRveuli da<br />

gadaxrili sakuTari miznebisagan rogorc yvelaferi sxvac, an Tuki amas ar<br />

daveTanxmebiT mes idumal mazohistur tendenciebze unda vifiqroT.<br />

froidi fsiqikuri aparatis qmedebis yvelaze adreul formebs ganixilavs da<br />

magaliTisaTvis bavSvebis TamaSs iRebs.<br />

froidi ganixilavs bavSvs romelTanac garkveuli drois ganamavlobaSi<br />

mezoblad cxovrobda da akvirdeboda. es bavSvi ar iyo winwasuli inteleqtualuri<br />

TvalsazrisiT, Tumca wlinaxevris asakSi ukve ramodenime sityvas iZaxda rac<br />

garSemomyofTaTvis gasagebi iyo. es iyo Zalian “wesieri” bavSvi, is morCilad<br />

asrulebda yvela moTxovnas, ar kidebda xels zogierT raimes ar dadioda iq<br />

sadac ar iyo saWiro da rodesac deda mas rovebda garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi<br />

is ar xmaurobda. is Zalian mijaWvuli iyo sakuTar dedaze, romelic mas kargad<br />

uvlida. am bavSvs qonda Cvevad gadaesrola yvela sagani sadRac Sors, iseT<br />

adgilebSi romelic miuwvdomeli iyo mSoblebisaTvis da rac sakmaod arTulebda<br />

dalagebis process. amave dros is sakmaod didi interesiTa da kmayofilebiT<br />

gamoTqvamda oooooooo!, romelic dedis da aseve damkvirveblis azriTac ara<br />

mxolod Sorisdebuls aramed aseve sityva “ar miekaroT!”-s aRniSnavda. froidma<br />

erTxel ganaxorciela dakvirveba ramac daadastura es mosazreba. bavSvma<br />

gadaisrola xis saTamaSo Tavisi loginidan (Tumca Toki xelSi daitova) da mas<br />

aRmoxda is oooo! Semdeg ki man moqaCa Toks da amoaZvrina saTamaSo loginis<br />

qvevidan da am SemTxvevaSi man warmoTqva “aq”. es iyo dasrulebuli TamaSi, jer<br />

gauCinareba xolo Semdeg ki gamoCena, romlis drosac metwilad pirveli aqti iyo<br />

SesamCnevi – gauCinareba, Tumca ufro meti kmayofileba meores moqonda.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi TamaSis gansazRvra ukve aRar warmoadgenda sirTules.<br />

gamomdinare iqidan rom bavSvs deda tovebda is aRar ewinaaRmdegeboda am faqts. am<br />

uaryofas is anacvlebda imiT, rom sakuTar gankargulebaSi myofi sagnebis msgavsi<br />

tipis gauCinarebasa da Semdeg gamoCenas axdenda, iseve rogorc scenaze. bavSvi<br />

erTgvar kulturul samuSaos atarebda sakuTar TavTan.<br />

froidi axdens uemocio ganxilvasa da interpretirebas am SemTxvevisa da<br />

aRniSnavs, rom bavSvi aqamde iyo pasiuri, is gaognebuli iyo gancdiliT da exla<br />

ukve sakuTar Tavs aqtiur rolSi ayenebs da imeorebs am gancdas miuxedavad imisa,<br />

rom is misTvis mtkivneulia. es ltolva SesaZlebelia flobis survilTan iyos<br />

gaigivebuli.<br />

magram froidi Tvlis rom aseve sxva saxis axsnac aris SesaZlebeli. sagnis<br />

gadagdeba ise rom is arc Cans SesaZlebelia aRniSnavdes bavSvis samagieros<br />

mizRvevas dedisadmi da SesaZlebelia mas daumorCileblobis mniSvneloba qondes<br />

60

“diax, wadi aRar mWirdebi da me TviTonve gagzavni.” igive bavSvi rodesac froidi<br />

mogvianebiT akvirdeboda mas, Tavis saTamaSos iatakze anarxebda xolme da dasZenda<br />

“wadi saomrad!”.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs erT mniSvnelovan moments, maSin rodesac bavSvi gancdis<br />

pasiurobidan aqtiurobaSi gadainacvlebs, mas is usiamovno SegrZneba gadaaqvs mis<br />

megobarze (TanamoTamaSeze) da amgvarad is samagieros uxdis mas, visac Caanacvlebs<br />

TanamoTamaSe.<br />

3<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom Tavdapirvelad fsiqoanalizi warmoadgenda axsnaganmartebis<br />

xelovnebas. vinaidan Terapiuli amocanis gadawyvetisaTvis es ar<br />

aRmoCnda sakmarisi, male axali swrafva aRmocenda – avadmyofis iZuleba rom<br />

daamtkicos fsiqoanalitikosis debulebebi Tavisi mogonebebiT. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

umeteswilad yuradReba eniWeboda avadmyofis winaaRmdegobas: amjerad ki ostatoba<br />

mdgomareobda imaSi, rom avadmyofisaTvis miTiTeba miecaT da megobruli<br />

zemoqmedebis meSveobiT ebiZgaT mietovebina es winaaRmdegoba.<br />

magram gandevnilis gaxsenebis procesi ar aris advili, am SemTxvevaSi<br />

avadmyofi ufro metad midrekilia xelaxla ganicados gandevnili, vidre gaixsenos<br />

misi arsebobis Sesaxeb – rac eqimis mizans warmoadgens. es xelaxali gaxseneba<br />

(Reproduktion), romelic sizustiTa da sisworiT gamoirCeva, Sinaarsis mxriv<br />

ukavSirdeba infantilur seqsualur cxovrebas, oidiposis kompleqss an mis<br />

modifikaciebs, da kanonzomierad aisaxeba gadatanis sferoSi, anu eqimisadmi<br />

damokidebulebaSi. am SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia iTqvas, rom adreuli nevrozi,<br />

mxolod da mxolod axali – gadatanis nevroziT iqna Canacvlebuli.<br />

damokidebuleba romelic yalibdeba mogonebebsa da reproduqcias Soris<br />

TiToeuli SemTxvevisas gansxvavebulia. rogorc wesi eqimi ver daaRwevs Tavs<br />

mkurnalobis am fazas. man unda aiZulos avadmyofi isev ganicados daviwyebuli<br />

cxovrebis nawili da unda Tvalyuri adevnos imas, rom iyos SenarCunebuli is<br />

komponenti, romelic warmosaxul realobas mxolod warsuli gancdis anareklad<br />

aqcevs. Tuki es miiRweva, maSin avadmyofis saWiro darwmunebulobac miRweulia da<br />

aqedan gamomdinare masze damokidebuli Terapiuli efeqtic.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom amgvari “Tavsmoxveuli ganmeorebisagan” Tavis daRwevis<br />

mizniT, romelic SeimCneva nevrotikebis fsiqoanalitikuri mkurnalobisas, pirvel<br />

rigSi aucilebelia ganTavisufleba im mcdari mosazrebisagan romlis Tanaxmad<br />

Tuki winaaRmdegobasTan gaqvs saqme maSin es aucileblad aracnobieris<br />

winaaRmdegobas exeba. aracnobieri anu gandevnili, ar ewinaaRmdegeba eqimis<br />

Zalisxmevas, is TviTon miiswrafvis cnobierebaSi SeWrisaken, an realuri qcevis<br />

saxiT gamovlenisaken. winaaRmdegoba gamomdinareobs fsiqikis swored imave<br />

uzenaesi doneebidan da sistemebidan, romelTac Tavis droze gandevna ganapirobes.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom bevri ram meSi, TviT mes birTvic ki aris<br />

aracnobieri.<br />

mes mxolod da mxolod umniSvnelo nawils SeiZleba vuwodoT<br />

winarecnobieri.<br />

froidi amtkicebs, rom cnobierisa da winarecnobieri mes winaaRmdegoba<br />

siamovnebis principis samsaxurSia, mas usiamovnebisagan Tavis daRwevis survili<br />

aqvs, romelic aRmocendeba gandevnilis gamovlinebis SemTxvevaSi warmoiqmneba da<br />

Cveni Zalisxmeva mdgomareobs imaSi, rom realobis principis Tanaxmad arsebul<br />

usiamovnebasTan Seguebas mivaRwioT.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi axali da gasaocari faqtia is, rom “Tavsmoxveuli ganmeoreba”<br />

aseve warsulidan im gancdebis reproduqciasac axdens, romelTac ar gaaCniaT<br />

siamovnebis SesaZlebloba. es yvelaferi infantiluri seqsualobis adreuli<br />

momwifebis winaswar ganpirobebul daRupvasTan aris kavSirSi da swored mis<br />

asaxvas warmoadgens. am SemTxvevaSi es aisaxeba nevrotikebis arasrulfasovnebis<br />

61

SegrZnebaSi. “seqsualuri gamokvleva” romelic iyo Semofargluli bavSvis<br />

fizikuri ganviTarebiT, ar aris damakmayofilebeli Sedegebis mqone; aqedan<br />

gamomdinarea Civilebic: verafers ver vakeTeb, araferi ar gamomdis.<br />

froidi xazs usvams Tavsmoxveuli ganmeorebis tendencias, romelic<br />

fsiqikuri cxovrebis Semadgenel nawils warmoadgens, is Tvlis rom fsiqikur<br />

cxovrebaSi amgvari ganmeorebebis tendencia namdvilad arsebobs, romelic<br />

scildeba siamovnebis principis farglebs, da am SemTxvevaSi is Tvlis rom<br />

travmirebuli nevrotikebis sizmrebi da bavSvuri TamaSebic am mxriv am tendenciis<br />

asaxvas warmoadgenen. froids ukve moxseniebuli qonda, Tu ra axsna SeiZleba<br />

qondes bavSvuri TamaSis aRmocenebas. ganmeorebisadmi ltolva da pirdapiri<br />

siamovnebis momtani ltolvebis dakmayofileba am SemTxvevaSi Sinagan kavSirSi<br />

erTiandebian.<br />

froidi svams kiTxvas: Tuki fsiqikur cxovrebaSi arsebobs msgavsi<br />

Tavsmoxveuli ganmeoreba, maSin romel funqcias Seesabameba is, ra<br />

pirobebSi SeiZleba is gamovlindes da rogor ukavSirdeba is<br />

siamovnebis princips, romelsac aqamde fsiqikuri cxovrebis procesebis<br />

mimdinareobis aRgznebas swored mas mivawerT.<br />

4<br />

amjerad froidi ukve mimarTavs spekulacias. fsiqoanalitikuri spekulacia<br />

ukavSirdeba faqts, romelic miiReba aracnobieri procesebis kvlevisas, da<br />

mdgomareobs imaSi, rom cnobiereba ar warmoadgens fsiqikuri procesebis<br />

aucilebel niSanTvisebas, aramed maT gansakuTrebul funqcias warmoadgens.<br />

metafsiqologiurad rom gamovxatoT, cnobiereba warmoadgens calkeuli sistemis<br />

muSaobas, romelsac SeiZleba vuwodoT “Bw”. vinaidan cnobiereba aris ZiriTadad<br />

Cvens mier gaRizianebebis aRqma, romelnic gare samyarodan modian da aseve<br />

siamovnebisa da usiamovnebis SegrZnebaTa aRqmac, romelnic fsiqikuri aparatis<br />

mxolod da mxolod Signidan SesaZlebelia iyos aRqmuli, es aris W – Bw sistema,<br />

sivrceSi ganlagebis mxriv.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom cnobiereba ar aris erTaderTi Tviseba romelic am<br />

sistemaSi mimdinare procesebisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli. is eyrdnoba<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> monacemebs, da axdens daSvebas, rom aRgznebis procesebi sxva saxis<br />

sistemebSi xangrZliv kvals toveben, anu im mogonebaTa kvals, romelic ar<br />

ukavSirdebian cnobierebas. magram rTulia varaudi rom amgvari aRgznebis<br />

xangrZlivi kvali W – Bw sistemaSi rCeba, is garkveuli drois Semdeg SezRudavda<br />

am sistemis SesaZleblobas axali aRgznebis aRqmisaTvis. SesaZlebelia iTqvas rom<br />

Bw sistemaSi, aRgznebis procesi cnobierad mimdinreobs, magram ar tovebs aranair<br />

xangrZliv kvals; im procesis yvela kvali, romelzec aris dafuZnebuli mogoneba,<br />

aRgznebis gavrcelebisas gadatanilia uaxloes Sinagan sistemebze.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare Bw sistema gamoirCeva imiT, rom aRgznebis procesi ar<br />

tovebs masSi elementebis xangrZliv cvlilebas, sxva fsiqikuri sistemebisagan<br />

gansxvavebiT, magram TiTqos da cnobierebaSi gamonaTebisaken miyavs. amgvari<br />

gadaxra SesaZlebelia iyos ganmartebuli mxolod erTi momentiT, is rom Bw<br />

sistema garegania da is uSualod aris SexebaSi gare samyarosTan.<br />

froids moyavs magaliTi am sistemis ukeTesi axsnisaTvis. warmovidginoT<br />

cocxali organizmi yvelaze martivi formiT, gamRizianebeli substanciis<br />

aradiferencirebuli buStis saxiT; maSin misi zedapiri, romelic momarTulia<br />

garemosken aris diferencirebuli Tavisi ganlagebis Tanaxmad da warmoadgens<br />

organos romelic aRiqvams gaRizianebas. embriologia rogorc filogenezis<br />

ganmeoreba adasturebs, rom centraluri nervuli sistema warmoqmneba<br />

eqtodermisagan da rom tvinis nacrisferi qerqi primitiuli garegani zedapiris<br />

STamomavals warmoadgens, romelic gadaiRebs mis arsebiT Tvisebebs. savsebiT<br />

SesaZlebelia, rom garegani gaRizianebebis buStis zedapirze zewolidan<br />

62

gamomdinare misi substancia cvlilebas ganicdis, aqedan gamomdinare gaRizianebis<br />

procesi gansxvavebuli saxiT mimdinareobs zedapirze siRrmiseul fenebTan<br />

SedarebiT. aqedan gamomdinare yalibdeba iseTi qerqi, romelic imdenad aris ukve<br />

ganmsWvaluli am gaRizianebebiT, rom maTi aRqmisaTvis saukeTeso pirobebs qmnis da<br />

misi momdevno saxecvlileba SeuZlebelia.<br />

rac Seexeba cocxal buStsa da mis qerqul fenovan zedapirs, romelic<br />

aRiqvams gaRizianebas, aRsaniSnavia, rom cocxali materiis es nawili moZraobs<br />

garegan samyaroSi romelic damuxtulia udidesi Zalis energiiT da am buSts rom<br />

ar qondes dacvis maragi (Reisschutz), is daiRupeboda am gaRizianebebis<br />

zemoqmedebiT. cocxali organizmisaTvis amgvari ripis dacva ufro did amocanas<br />

warmoadgens, vidre am gaRizianebebis aRqma, is unda icavdes sakuTar Sinagan<br />

energias garegani energiis damangreveli zemoqmedebisagan, romelic siZlieriT<br />

aRemateba mis sakuTar energias. maRal ganviTarebuli organizmebis SemTxvevaSi es<br />

buSti moTavsebulia organizmis siRrmeSi da mxolod qerqis nawili aris<br />

datovebuli zedapirze. swored es warmoadgens SegrZnebis organoebs, rasac<br />

froidi sacecebs adarebs, romlebic garegan samyaros aRiqvamen.<br />

froidma daadgina rom aracnobieri sulieri movlenebi TavisTavad “drois<br />

farglebs gareT” arian. es negatiuri Tviseba SesaZlebelia iyos gagebuli mxolod<br />

da mxolod cnobier fsiqikur procesebTan SedarebiT. Cvens mier drois<br />

abstraqtuli aRqma gamonaklisis saxiT unda iyos damokidebuli W – Bw sistemis<br />

muSaobis Tvisebaze da unda Seesabamebodes am ukanasknelis TviTaRqmas.<br />

sasiyvarulo cxovrebis damcirebis Sesaxeb<br />

1<br />

fsiqoanalitikoss Tavisuflad SeuZlia aRiaros rom yvelaze xSirad mas mimarTaven<br />

fsiqikuri impotencies problemiT. es ucnauri daavadeba emarTebaT mamakacebs, romelTa sasqeso<br />

organo qmediTunariania sqesobriv aqtamde da mis Semdegac, magram Tavisi specialuri funqciebis<br />

Sesrulebas ver axerxebs, da am dros sqesobrivi aqtis Sesrulebis unaric gaaCnia. pirveli<br />

daskvna romelic gamoaqvs am SemTxvevaSi mamakacs, rom msgavsi ram mas emarTeba mxolod erTeul<br />

SemTxvevaSi romelime qalTan mimarTebaSi, xolo danarCenebTan yvelaferi rigzea. is iZens<br />

darwmunebulobas, rom misi mamakacuri potencies Seyovnebas ganapirobebs seqsualuri obieqtis<br />

gansakuTrebuli niSanTvisebebi. am semTxvevaSi avadmyofi saubrobs garkveuli saxis<br />

winaaRmdegobaze, romelic masSi arsebobs da romelic xels uSlis misi cnobieri ganzraxvis<br />

ganxorcielebas. magram is ver xvdeba Tu raSi mdgomareobs es winaaRmdegoba da dabrkoleba da<br />

obieqtis romeli niSanTviseba iwvevs mis amoqmedebas.<br />

fsiqoanalirikosebis mravali kvlevis Sedegad gamotanili daskvnebi Semdegi saxisaa:<br />

upirveles yovlisa, am paTogenuri masalis zogad Sinaarss warmoadgens libidos incestuozuri<br />

fiqsacia dedaze da daze. aseve yuradsaRebia iseTi mtanjveli seqsualuri STabeWdilebebis<br />

gaTvaliswinebac, romelic ukavSirdeba bavSvur seqsualur gamovlinebebs da saertod yvela<br />

momenti romelic libidos daqveiTebis gamomwvevia, romelic unda iyos mimarTuli qalze,<br />

rogorc seqsualur obieqtze.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi erT-erTi mizezia is, rom ar moxda im ori nakadis SeerTeba, romelic<br />

normaluri sasiyvarulo cxovrebis ganmsazRvrelia, es ori nakadia sinazisa da mgrZnobelobis.<br />

ufro adreuli aris sinazis nakadi. is adreuli wlebidanve iwyebs amoqmedebas. is<br />

dafuZnebulia gadarCenis instinqtis interesebze da mimarTulia ojaxis wevrebsa da im pirebze,<br />

vinc bavSvis movliT aris dakavebuli. is Seesabameba obieqtis bavSvur arCevans. aqedan Cans rom<br />

sqesobrivi ltolvebi pouloben Tavis pirvelad obieqtebs im Sefasebidan gamomdinare romelsac<br />

iZleva me, swored ise rogorc seqsualuri dakmayofileba xorcieldeba im funqciebTan<br />

dakavSirebiT, romelic coxvrebis SenarCunebisaTvis aris saWiro. mSoblebisa da aRmzrdelebis<br />

“sinaze” romelic gamoirCeva erotiulobiT, biZgs aZlevs ltolvis fiqsaciis obieqtebisadmi<br />

erotikis matebas.<br />

bavSvis nazi fiqsaciebi mTeli bavSvobis ganmavlobaSi aris SenarCunebuli, mas uerTdeb<br />

kidev sxva erotiuli gancdebic da aqedan gamomdinare erotika veRar aris mimarTuli Tavisi<br />

sqesobrivi miznebisaken. sqesobrivi momwifebis periodSi (Pubertat) naz fiqsaciebs emateba kidev<br />

63

“grZnobiTi” nakadic, romelic Tavis miznebs acnobierebs. vinaidan xdeba misi swrafvebis Setakeba<br />

sisxlisaRrevis SezRudvebTan es nakadi iswrafvis rac SeiZleba Cqara gadavides Sesabamis<br />

obieqtze, romelic ucxoa, da romelTanac iqneboda SesaZlebeli namdvili sqesobrivi aqtis<br />

damyareba. grZnobiTi Seyvarebulobis umaRlesi done dakavSirebulia umaRles fsiqikur<br />

SefasebasTan (mamakacis mier sqesobrivi obieqtis normaluri gadafaseba).<br />

am procesis warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi udidesi mniSvneloba eniWeba libidos or<br />

moments. upirveles yovlisa, realuri akrZalvis done, romelic ar uSvebs axali obieqtis<br />

arCevans da individisaTvis mis gaufasurebas axdens. meore aris mimzidvelobis done, romelic<br />

SesaZlebelia gaaCndeT infantilur obieqtebs da romlebsac umjobesia Tavi daaRwio; is<br />

erotiuli fiqsaciis proporcionaluria, romelic mas eniWeboda bavSvobaSi. Tuki es ori<br />

faqtori sakmaod Zlieria, amoqmedebas iwyebs nevrozebis warmoqmna. libido realobas wydeba,<br />

Seipyroba fantaziis moqmedebiT, aZlierebs pirveli bavSvuri obieqtebis magaliTebs da<br />

fiqsirdeba maTze. viTareba ar icvleba maSinac ki rodesac realobaSi warumatebeli procesi<br />

fantaziaSi xorcieldeba. ubralod xdeba pirvandeli obieqtis Canacvleba ucxoTi.<br />

nakadebis Serwymis warumatebloba warmoqmnis SezRudvas obieqtis arCevanSi. rodesac<br />

aqtiuri rCeba grZnobiTi nakadi, is eZebs mxolod iseT obieqtebs, romelic ar axsenebs individs<br />

akrZalul incestuozur pirebs. amgvari tipis adamianebis sasiyvarulo cxovreba gaorebulia, is<br />

poulobs Tavis gamovlinebas xelovnebaSi, rogorc ciuri da miwieri (cxoveli) siyvaruli.<br />

rodesac maT uyvarT ar surT floba, xolo rodesac surT, maSin ar ZaluZT siyvaruli.<br />

amgvari darRvevis sawinaaRmdego mTavar xerxs warmoadgens sqesobrivi obieqtis fsiqikuri<br />

damcireba, xolo gadafaseba am SemTxvevaSi (romelic normalur SemTxvevaSi sqesobriv obieqtzea<br />

mimarTuli) Semoinaxeba incestuozuri obieqtisaTvis.<br />

is pirovnebebs romelTa sinazisa da grZnobiTi nakadebi ar aris Serwymuli, ar gaaCniaT<br />

sakmarisi sinatifis sasiyvarulo grZnoba; maT gaaCniaT sqesobrivi aranormalurobebi, romelTa<br />

daukmayofilebloba iwvevs maTSi siamovnebis daqveiTebas, xolo dakmayofileba SesaZlebelia<br />

mxolod damcirebulebTan, mcire Sefasebis mqone sqesobriv obieqtebTan.<br />

2<br />

garda zemoT CamoTvlilisa froidi Tvlis rom saWiroa fsiqikuri impotencies ufro<br />

zogadi mimoxilva. is gamoyofs im tipis mamakacebs vinc fsiqasTenikebis kategorias ganekuTvneba,<br />

romelTac sqesobrivi aqti warmatebuli aqvT, magram sakmaris siamovnebas ar aniWebT. amgvari<br />

anesTetiuri tipis mamakacebis analogias warmoadgenen frigiduli qalebi, romlebic TavisTavad<br />

fsiqikuri impotenciasTan axlos dganan.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom sinazisa da grZnobiTi nakadebi mxolod inteleqtualuri<br />

mamakacebis mcire raodenobas aqvs kargad Serwymuli. Tavis srul potencias igi avlens mxolod<br />

mdabio obieqtTan. amgvari garemoeba aseve xasiaTdeba imiT, rom mamakaci ar avlens garyvnilobis<br />

im komponentebs romlebic mis sqesobriv ltolvas miekuTvneba, is ver bedavs maT<br />

ganxorcielebas im qalTan, romelic pativiscemis Rirsia. SesaZloa rom maRali klasis<br />

warmomadgeneli mamakacebis midrekileba SearCion sayvareli an kanonieri meuRle mdabio qalebis<br />

warmomadgenlebs Soris, swored ganpirobebulia damcirebuli sqesobrivi obieqtis<br />

moTxovnilebiT, romelsac fsiqologiurad ukavSirdeba sruli dakmayofilebis SesaZlebloba.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom SesaZloa es paradoqsalurad JRers, magram is visac surs<br />

sasiyvarulo cxovrebaSi iyos Tavisufali da bednieri, man unda daZlios pativiscema qalisadmi<br />

da Seurigdes sisxlaRrevis warmodgenas dedasTan da dasTan.<br />

qalis SemTxvevaSi sqesobrivi obieqtis damcirebis moTxovnileba Zalian mcirea; amas<br />

ukavSirdeba is garemoebac, rom qals ar gaaCnia mamakacis msgavsi sqesobrivi gadafaseba.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom sasiyvarulo cxovrebis akrZalvas qalisaTvis iseTive mniSvneloba<br />

aqvs rogoric mamakacisaTvis sqesobrivi obieqtis damcirebas. orive movlena warmoadgens<br />

sqesobrivi cxovrebis dawyebis xangrZlivi droiT gadadebas sqesobrivi simwifis Semdeg, rasac<br />

moiTxovs aRzrda kulturuli miznebidan gamomdinare.<br />

3<br />

64

froidi yuradRebas amaxvilebs ara obieqtebze aramed ltolvebze. is aRniSnavs, rom<br />

SeuzRudavi sqesobrivi Tavisuflebac ar iwvevs sasurvel Sedegebs. imisaTvis rom moxdes<br />

libidos aRgznebis mateba, aucilebelia winaaRmdegobis momatebac. froids moyavs antikuri xnis<br />

magaliTi, rodesac SezRudva sasiyvarulo cxovrebas ar gaaCnda. siyvaruli gaufasurebuli iyo,<br />

cxovreba ki carieli. saWiro iyo mZlavri “reaqtiuli warmonaqmnebi” rom Semqmniliyo afeqturi<br />

Rirebulebebi. qristianulma akrZalvebma siyvaruls fsiqikuri Rirebuleba mianiWa, rac ver<br />

mianiWa mas warmarTulma kulturam.<br />

zogadad sworia, rom ltolvis fsiqikuri mniSvneloba maRldeba misi dakmayofilebis<br />

uaryofiT. am SemTxvevaSi froidi am winaaRmdegobi or moments gamoyofs: pirveli aris is, rom<br />

obieqtis SerCevis ormagi mcdelobidan gamomdinare, incestuozuri akrZalvis Sualeduri<br />

gamovlinebiT, sqesobrivi ltolvis saboloo obieqti arasodes ar Seesabameba pirvels, aramed<br />

warmoadgens mis surogats. surogati – zogadad es aris adamiani, romelic iRebs<br />

sxvis funqcias da rols. meore – froidi amtkicebs, rom sqesobrivi ltolva mraval<br />

komponents Seicavs – SeuZlebelia yvela iyos Sesuli mis gviandel warmonaqmnSi – saWiroa maTi<br />

daTrgunva an gansxvavebuli saxiT gamoyeneba. (sadisturi midrekilebani da a. S.) ZiriTadi<br />

procesebi, romlebic sasiyvarulo aRgznebas iwveven xelSeuxebeli rCebian. eqskrementaluri<br />

Zalian mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli seqsualurTan. swored aq froidi ixsenebs napoleonis<br />

droul gamoTqmas “anatomia bedisweras ganagebs”. genitaliebs ar ganuxorcielebiaT ganviTareba<br />

esTetiuri srulyofis mxriv, isini isev cxoveluri sawyisis mqone arian, aqedan gamomdinare<br />

siyvarulic Tavis safuZvelSi cxoveluria, rogoric is iyo dasabamidanve.<br />

oidiposis kompleqsis daRupva<br />

oidiposis kompleqsis mniSvneloba, rogorc adreuli bavSvobisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli<br />

seqsualuri periodis centraluri fenomenisa, kidev ufro metad ikveTeba. momdevno safexurze<br />

igi iRupeba, gandevnas eqvemdebareba, xolo Semdeg latenturi periodi iwyeba. magram jer kidev<br />

ar aris cnobili risgan iRupeba is; analizebi TiTqos miuTiTebs rom es mtkivneuli<br />

imedgacruebis Sedegad xdeba.<br />

oidiposis kompleqsi iRupeba misi arsebobis SeuZleblobis gamo.<br />

gansxvavebuli Sexedulebis Tanaxmad, oidiposis kompleqsi unda daiRupos maSin, rodesac misi<br />

ngrevis dro dadgeba, msgavsad imisa, rogorc xdeba sarZeve kbilebis gamocvla. miuxedavad imisa,<br />

rom oidiposis komleqsi individualurad ganicdeba mravali adamianis mier, is STamomavlobiTac<br />

ganpirobebulia, mis mier Tandayolili fenomeniT, romelic ganviTarebis kanonis mixedviT unda<br />

gaqres, uaxloesi winaswar ganpirobebuli ganviTarebis fazes dadgomisTanave.<br />

Cven ukve ganvixileT is sakiTxi, romelic exeva bavSvis ganviTarebas progresirebas im fazis<br />

CaTvliT romelSiac genitaliebi wamyvan rols iZenen. magram es genitaliebi mxolod mamakacuria<br />

– penisi, qaluri genitaliebi gauxsneli rCeba. falosuri faza, romelic amave dros oidiposis<br />

kompleqsis fazasac warmoadgens, ar viTardeba ufro saboloo genitaliur organizaciaSi; is<br />

neldeba/qreba da mas latenturi periodi enacvleba. misi dasasruli tipiuria da ZiriTadad<br />

regularulad ganmeorebad movlenebs emyareba.<br />

Tuki biWi dainteresda sakuTari genitaliebiT, is amas amJRavnebs mravaljeradi manipulaciebis<br />

saxiT, ris Semdgom is igebs, rom zrdasrulebisaTvis miuRebelia misi qmedeba. metnaklebad<br />

garkveviT da uxeSad gamoiTqmeva muqara rom mas CamoaSoreben am Rirebul nawils. umeteswilad<br />

kastraciis muqara miiReba qalebis mxridan, xSir SemTxvevaSi isini cdiloben TavianTi<br />

avtoritetis gaZlierebas mamis an eqimis moxseniebiT, romelic am davalebas maTi ganacxadis<br />

Semdeg ganaxorcielebs. xSir SemTxvevaSi bavSvi eqvemdebareba kastraciis muqaras ara imitom,<br />

rom eTamaSeba xeliT Tavis peniss, aramed imis gamo, rom yovelRame is asvelebs Tavis logins<br />

da mouwesrigeblad iqceva. aRmzrdelebi iqcevian ise, TiTqos da SardSeukavebloba<br />

ukavSirdebodes da adasturebdes penisis gulmodgine manilupirebas, raSic isini marTlebi arian.<br />

yovel SemTxvevaSi grZelvadiani SardSeukavebloba Ramis ganmavlobaSi zrdasrulis poluciis<br />

Sesabamisia da swored im genitaliuri aRgznebis gamomxatvelia, romelic bavSvs aiZulebs<br />

masturbacias.<br />

65

avSvis falosuri genitaluri organizacia iRupeba kastraciis muqarisagan.<br />

fsiqoanalizma axali Rirebuleba mianiWa ormagi mniSvnelobis movlenebs, romelic yvela<br />

bavSvisaTvis gardauvalia da ramac unda Seamzados igi sxeulis Rirebuli nawilebis<br />

danakargisaTvis; es aris ZuZusagan Tavdapirvelad droebiTi xolo SemdgomSi samudamo gadaCveva<br />

da defekaciis yoveldRiuri aqti. Tumca SeuZlebelia am movlenebis dakavSireba kastraciis<br />

SiSis gaCenasTan. mxolod is axali dakvirveba, romelic iqneba ganxorcielebuli bavSvi<br />

iTvaliswinebs kastraciis faqtis SesaZleblobas, magram es procesi sakmaod gawelilia.<br />

es dakvirveba romelic angrevs bavSvis urwmunobas aris qaluri genitaliebi. penisis arsebobiT<br />

amayi biWi erTxelac naxulobs gogos genitaliur midamos da rwmundeba penisis ar arsebobaSi<br />

mis msgavs arsebasTan. aqedan gamomdinare misTvis ukve SesaZlebelia sakuTari penisis dakargvis<br />

SesaZleblobac; kastraciis muqara dagvianebul zemoqmedebas iZens.<br />

mSobeli ar unda miemsgavsos aRmzrdels romelic kastraciiT emuqreba bavSvs, romlis<br />

seqsualuri cxovreba am periodSi ar amoiwureba mxolod masturbaciiT. SesaZlebelia<br />

damtkicdes rom mSoblebis mimarT mas oidiposis ganwyoba gaaCnia; masturbacia am kompleqsTan<br />

dakavSirebuli seqsualuri aRgznebis mxolod genitalur reagirebas warmoadgens. oidiposis<br />

kompleqsi bavSvs dakmayofilebis orgvar SesaZleblobas sTavazobs, aqtiursa da pasiurs. mas<br />

SeuZlia mSobels Caanacvlos Tavi. magram Tu raSi mdgomareobs damakmayofilebeli sasiyvarulo<br />

urTierToba amis Sesaxeb bavSvs sruliad gaurkveveli warmodgenebi gaaCnia; magram ra Tqma unda<br />

penisi am SemTxvevaSi garkveul rols iZens, vinaidan amis Sesaxeb dasturs iZleva misi<br />

organuli SegrZnebebi.<br />

varaudi imis Sesaxeb rom qali SesaZlebelia iyos kastrirebuli, sabolood wertils usvams<br />

oidiposis kompleqsidan gamomdinare dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobebs. yalibdeba sxeulis am<br />

nawilisa da mSoblis mimarT libidonozuri mijaWvulobis konfliqti. am kofliqtisas<br />

normalur SemTxvevaSi imarjvebs pirveli Zala: bavSvis me uaryofs oidiposis kompleqss.<br />

obieqturi mijaWvulobebis uaryofa xdeba, rac identifikaciiT aris Senacvlebuli. me-Si<br />

introecirebli mamiseuli an mSobliuri avtoriteti warmoqmnis uzenaesi mes birTvs, romelic<br />

mamis simkacres iZens, adasturebs misi mxridan incestis akrZalvas da amgvarad mes<br />

uzrunvelyofs libidonozuri mijaWvulobisagan ganTavisfulebiT. oisiposis kompleqsTan<br />

dakavSirebuli libidonozuri ltolvebi nawilobriv deseqsualizirdebian da sublimirdebian,<br />

nawilobriv ki isini brkoldebian miznis miRwevisaken swrafvis TvalsazirisiT da nazi<br />

ltolvebis saxes iZenen. mTeli es procesi erTis mxriv gadaarCens genitaliebs, maT danakargis<br />

saSiSroebas aacilebs, xolo meores mxriv, am procesiT latenturi periodi iwyeba, romelic<br />

aferxebs bavSvis seqsualur ganviTarebas.<br />

aRwerili procesi aris gacilebiT ufro meti, vidre gandevna; idelauri ganxorcilebis<br />

SemTxvevaSi is kompleqsis ngrevas da gaqarwylebas utoldeba. SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT rom<br />

normalurisa da paTologiuris zRvars mivadeqiT, romelic arasodes ar aris mkveTrad<br />

gamokveTili. Tuki mem kompleqsis gandevnaze mets ver miaRwia, maSin ukanaskneli ganagrZobs<br />

Tavis arsebobas igiSi da SemdgomSi paTogenur gamovlinebas ganapirobebs.<br />

analitikuri dakvirveba SesaZleblobas iZleva falosuri organizaciis, oidiposis kompleqsis,<br />

kastraciis muqaris, uzenaesi/ze mes formirebisa da latenruti periodis Soris amgvari<br />

urTierTdamokidebulebebis aRmoCenisa.<br />

aRsaniSnavia rom aRwerili procesi vrceldeba mxolod biWebze. rogor xorcieldeba Sesabamisi<br />

ganviTareba gogoebTan?<br />

am SemTxvevaSi masali kidev ufro metad gaugebaria. gogonebsac gaaCniaT oidiposis kompleqsi,<br />

ze-me da latenrut latenruri periodi. SesaZlebelia Tu ara falosuri organizaciisa da<br />

kastraciis kompleqsis miniWeba maTTvisac? gogos klitori penisis analogiuria, magram rodesac<br />

bavSvi Sedarebas axdens sapirispiro sqesis organosTan, aRmoaCnes rom is “Zalian pataraa”, am<br />

faqts is ganicdis rogorc arasasiamovnos, arasrulfasovnebis gamomxatvels. magram gogo<br />

iTvaliswinebs sakuTar aqtualur defeqts ara rogorc sqesobriv maxasiaTebels, aramed rogorc<br />

kastraciis Sedegs. sabolood gamodis, rom gansxvaveba arsebiTia, gogo kastracias ganixilavs<br />

rogorc ukve Semdgar faqts, xolo biWi mis molodinsa da aRsrulebis saSiSroebaSia.<br />

66

gogos oidiposis kompleqsi gacilebiT ufro calmxrivia, biWTan SedarebiT. froidis<br />

gamocdilebidan gamomdinare es kompleqsi mxolod iSviaT SemTxvevaSi cildeba dedis<br />

Canacvlebis survils da qalur ganwyobas mamis mimarT. gogo gadadis bavSvze, rac TavisTavad<br />

simboluria, misi oidiposis kompleqsi xangrZlivi drois ganmvlobaSi mamisagan Svilis miRebis<br />

survilamde viTardeba, mas surs mamisaTvis bavSvis gaCena. gamodis rom gogo ufro xangrZlivi<br />

drois ganmavlobaSi gadis oidiposis kompleqss, vinaidan es survili arasodes ar asruldeba.<br />

orive es survili – penisis floba da bavSvis gaCena – aracnobierSi ganagrZobs arsebobas, isini<br />

aqtivobas inarCuneben da qalis arsebas gviandeli sqesobrivi rolisadmi ganawyobs. zogadad<br />

aRsaniSnavia rom gogos ganviTarebis procesebis Sesaxeb cnobebi aradamakmayofilebeli da<br />

arasrulia.<br />

zemoT aRwerili oidiposis kompleqsis droiTi ad kauzaluri urTierTdamokidebulebani,<br />

seqsualuri daSineba (kastraciis muqara), ze-mes warmoqmna da latenturi periodis dadgoma –<br />

tipiuria. magram am procesebis qronologiuri da Tanmimdevruli cvlilebebi umiSvnelovanesia<br />

individuumis ganviTarebisaTvis.<br />

qalwulobis tabu<br />

imis moTxovna rom qorwinebisas erT mamakacTan qals ar qondes mogoneba sxva kacTan<br />

arsebuli urTierTobisa, warmoadgens qalis flobis gansakuTrebul uflebas, romelic<br />

monopoliis arsis Camoyalibebas ganapirobebs. amave dros xdeba am monopoliis ganvrcoba<br />

warsulzec.<br />

is vinc pirveli akmayofilebs gogos mier xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi daTrgunul<br />

siyvarulisadmi ltolvas da amave dros im winaaRmdegobasac gadalaxavs romelic<br />

ganpirobebulia garemosa da aRzrdis Sedegad, is masTan xangrZliv kavSirSi Sedis, romlis<br />

SesaZleblobac aRar eZleva meti aravis. am gancdis Sedegad qals uyalibdeba “daqvemdebarebis<br />

mdgomareoba”, romelic nawilobriv winaaRmdegobas uwevs masze sxva mamakacebis mxridan<br />

STabeWdilebis moxdenisa da gavlenis SesaZleblobas.<br />

gamoTqma “seqsualuri daqvemdebarebuloba” SemoTavazebulia Krafft-Ebing-is mier im<br />

faqtis aRsaniSnavad, rom erTi pirovneba SesaZlebelia aRmoCndes srul daqvemdebarebulobasa da<br />

damokidebulebaSi sxvis mimarT, romelTanac is sqesobriv kavSirSi imyofeba.<br />

daqvemdebarebulobis grZnoba SesaZlebelia ganviTardes ukiduresobamde, damoukidebeli survili<br />

arsebobis dakargvis CaTvliT. seqsualuri daqvemdebarebulobis aseTi wili sinamdvileSi<br />

aucilebelia kulturuli qorwinebis SenarCunebisaTvis da misTvis mavnebeli poligamiuri<br />

tendenciebis daTrgunvisaTvis.<br />

seqsualuri daqvemdebarebulobis axsnas Krafft-Ebing-i erTis mxriv “Seyvarebulobis<br />

uCveulo doniTa da xasiaTis sisustiT”, xolo meores mxriv usazRvro egoizmiT axdens.<br />

“daqvemdebarebuloba” xSir SemTxvevaSi gvxvdeba qalebTan vidre mamakacebTan, xolo<br />

ukanasknelis SemTxvevaSi Cvens droSi ufro xSirad vidre antikur xanasTan SedarebiT.<br />

primitiuli xalxis SemTxvevaSi, defloracia TavisTavad warmoadgens aqts, romelsac<br />

Zalian didi mniSvneloba eniWeba, magram is maTTvis tabuirebuli xdeba da religiuri aRkveTis<br />

dasaxelebas imsaxurebs. imis sanacvlod rom qali mis momaval saqmros SesTavazon, adaTi<br />

moiTxovs imas, rom swored man Seikavos Tavi amisagan.<br />

froids moyavs qalwulobis dakargvis ramodenime magaliTi primitiuli xalxebis<br />

adaTebidan gamomdinare. mas surs ganasxvavos “ceremonialuri” sqesobrivi aqti (formaluri,<br />

sazeimo da oficialuri) da normaluri sqesobrivi aqti.<br />

qalwulobis tabus axsnisas froidi Tvlis rom gansxvavebuli momentebis miTiTeba aris<br />

SesaZlebeli, romelTac is mcired Sefasebas aniWebs. qalwulis defloraciis SemTxvevaSi,<br />

Cveulebriv sisxlis daRvra xdeba; pirveli mcdeloba axsnisa aris swored is SiSi, romelic<br />

gaaCniaT primitiul xalxebs sisxlis danaxvisas, vinaidan maTi azriT cxovreba sisxlSia. am<br />

pirvel tabus araferi saerTo ar gaaCnia seqsualurobasTan, rogorc Cans is dakavSirebulia<br />

mkvelelobis akrZalvasTan da warmoadgens dacvis saSualebas pirveladi gaumaZRrobisagan кров .<br />

qalwulobis amgvari tabus dacva kavSirSia aseve menstruaciis tabusTanac. pirvelyofil<br />

67

adamians ar SeuZlia ganasxvavos Tviuri sisxldenis saidumlo fenomeni sadisturi<br />

warmodgenebisagan.<br />

magram mxolod sisxlis SiSiT ar aixsneba tabus arseboba, vinaidan velurebs aseve<br />

sasqeso organoebis dacveTis ritualuebic gaaCniaT. meore axsna jer kidev ar iTvaliswinebs<br />

seqsualur Sinaarss, magram ufro siRrmiseul aspeqtebs moicavs. primitiuli adamiani aris<br />

mudmivad arsebuli SiSis msxverpli, msgavsad nevrotikisa, romelsac is eqvemdebareba<br />

fsiqoanalitikuri swavlebis mixedviT. SiSisadmi amgvari mixriloba, Tavs iCens umeteswilad im<br />

SemTxvevebSi rodesac saqme gvaqvs raime moulodnelTan, siaxlis momtanTan, uCveulosTan,<br />

gaugebarTan, SiSismomgvrelTan. pirveli sqesobrivi urTierToba, yovelmizezgareSe aris aqti,<br />

romelic iwvevs SiSs, miTumetes rom adgili aqvs sisxlis daRvras.<br />

mesame ganmarteba, romelsac Crawley upiratesobas aniWebs, yuradRebas miapyrobs im<br />

faqts, rom qalwulobis tabu im movlenaTa kavSirs uerTdeba, romelic mTels seqsualur<br />

cxovrebas moicavs. ara mxolod pirveli sqesobrivi kavSiri qalTan warmoadgens TavisTavad<br />

tabus, aramed sqesobrivi aqti TavisTavad, da SeiZleba iTqvas TviT qali warmoadgens tabus.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs qalisa da mamakacis dacalkevebis mniSvnelobas, periodebi rodesac qali<br />

warmoadens tabus da mamakaci mas ar ekareba – menstruacia, orsuloba, orsulobis Semdgomi<br />

periodi.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom iq sadac primitiulma adamianma Camoayaliba tabu, arsebobs SiSi<br />

qalis winaSe. SesaZloa es SiSi aixsnebodes imiT, rom qali gansxvavebulia mamakacisagan, is<br />

yovelTvis gaugebaria da idumali, gaucxoebuli da aqedan gamomdinare mtruli. mamakacs eSinia<br />

dasustdes qalisagan, rom mas gadaedos misi qaluroba da aqedan gamomdinare darCes uunaro.<br />

primitiuli xalxis cxovrebis mravali damkvirvebeli aRniSnavs, rom maTi sasiyvarulo<br />

wamowyebebi SedarebiT sustia, da isini arasodes ar aRweven iseT intensivobas rogoric<br />

axasiaTebs kulturul kacobriobas. tabus CamoTvlili adaTebi migviTiTeben rom arsebobs<br />

garkveuli Zala, romelic ewinaaRmdegeba siyvaruls, vinaidan is uaryofs qals rogorc ucxosa<br />

da mtruls.<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mixedviT narcisizmis mTavar mizezs, rac qalebisadmi uaryofiT<br />

damokidebulebaSi vlindeba, warmoadgens misi warmomavloba kastraciuli kompleqsidan da am<br />

kompleqsis gavlena exeba qalis Sesaxeb arsebul mosazrebas.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs Tavis naSroms “Totem and tabu”; sadac is Sefasebas aZlevs pirvelad<br />

ambivalentobas tabus mniSvnelobisaTvis da icavs tabus warmomavlobis mosazrebas<br />

preistoriuli procesebidan dawyebuli, ramac adamianis ojaxis Camoyalibebas Seuwyo xeli.<br />

awmyoSi primitiul xalxTan arsebuli tabu ganviTarebulia moxerxebul sistemaSi,<br />

romelic nevrotikebis mier ganviTarebuli fobiebis msgavsia, xolo tabus moZvelebuli<br />

motivebi – enacvlebian axals, harmoniulad SeTanxmebuls. froidi aRniSnavs, rom primitiuli<br />

adamiani ayalibebs tabus iq, sadac is saSiSroebas xedavs. meores mxriv is miCveulia moaxdinos<br />

sakuTari mtruli sulieri ganwyobebis proecirebas garegan samyaroze, is maT miawesr obieqtebs,<br />

romelTac miiCnevs arasasiamovnod an ucxod. aseTi saSiSroebis sawyiss misTvis warmoadgens<br />

qali, xolo masTan pirveli sqesobrivi aqti misTvis gansakuTrebiT did saSiSroebas<br />

warmoadgens.<br />

froidis azriT, rodesac qali exveva mamakacs sqesobrivi aqtis Semdeg da gamoxatavs mis<br />

mimarT siTbos, es madlierebis gamoxatuleba aris da amiT is mamakacs erTgulebas pirdeba.<br />

magram aseve cnobilia, rom amgvari saqcieli ar vrceldeba pirveli sqesobrivi aqtis<br />

SemTxvevazec. xSir SemTxvevaSi is qalisaTvis imedgacruebis momtania. amgvari sawyisi<br />

frigidulobis niSnebidan mivdivarT mudmivi sicivis gamoxatulebamde.<br />

pirveli sqesobrivi kavSirisagan Tavis daRwevis mcdelobebs froidi ukavSirebs qalebis<br />

zogad swrafvas winaaRmdegobisaken. froidis azriT qalis frigidulobis axsnas paTologiuri<br />

SemTxvevebi iZlevian. mas moyvanili aqvs erT-erTi magaliTi rodesac qals miuxedavad didi<br />

siyvarulisa misi meuRlis mimarT, qonda midrekileba gamoexata agresia da xelic ki aewia masze.<br />

froidis azriT is saSiSroeba romelic aRmocendeba qalis defloraciis Sedegad,<br />

mdgomareobs imaSi, rom defloraciis aqtiT SesaZlebelia mtruli ganwyobis gamowveva, da<br />

swored momaval meuRles unda qondes safuZveli imisa, rom am mtrul ganwyobas daaRwios Tavi.<br />

68

pirveli sqesobrivi aqtis dros aRmocendeba sulieri moZraobebis mTeli rigi. pirvel<br />

rigSi froidi aRniSnavs tkivilis mniSvnelobas romelic gamowveulia defloraciis aqtiT,<br />

zogierTi mxolod am movlenas aniWebs gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas. Tumca es ase ar aris. ufro<br />

meti mniSvneloba eniWeba SebRalul narcisistulobas, romelic gamomdinareobs organos<br />

darRvevidan, rasac emateba is rom xdeba gacnobiereba imisa, rom defloracia seqsualur<br />

faseulobas amcirebs.<br />

imedgacruebis meore mizezs warmoadgens (kulturuli qalis SemTxvevaSi) is, rom<br />

molodinebis gamarTleba ar xdeba. am momentamde sqesobrivi aqti iyo asociirebuli<br />

akrZalvasTan, aqedan gamomdinare daSvebuli sqesobrivi aqti veRar aRiqmeba. amaze metyvelebs<br />

qalebis midrekileba damalon sasiyvarulo urTierTobebi da ar gaumxilon amis Sesaxeb aravis.<br />

zogierT SemTxvevaSi es motivi SesaZlebelia imdenad ganviTardes, rom qals aRar qondes imis<br />

unari, rom uyvardes Tavisi meuRle. is Tavis mgrZnobelobas isev moipovebs mxolod akrZalul<br />

urTierTobebSi.<br />

ufro meti miSvnelobis mqonea Semdegi momenti, romelic libidos ganviTarebas exeba. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi froids libidos fiqsacia aqvs mxedvelobaSi, romelic exeba mamas, Zmas. qals<br />

meuRle uyvars mxolod rogorc maTi Semcvleli, is misTvis ar aris “namdvili”. yvelaferi<br />

damokidebulia libidos fiqsacis intensivobaze. frigiduloba aqedan gamomdinare, nevrozis<br />

genetikur pirobebs miekuTvneba.<br />

garda am aRwerili sulieri moZraobebisa, aRmocendeba kidev ramodenime, romelic<br />

saerTod ewinaaRmdegeba qalur rolsa da funqcias.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi aRniSnavs “penisisadmi Suris” moments. is am movlenas “kastraciis<br />

kompleqss” miakuTvnebs. am saqciels adleris mixedviT SeiZleba vuwodoT “mamakacurobisadmi<br />

protesti” – es dasaxeleba aRniSnavs imas, rom es faqtori nevrotulobis matarebelia.<br />

SemdgomSi froidis mtkicebiT gogos libido miemarTeba mamisaken da penisis nacvlad mas surs<br />

bavSvis yola.<br />

Semdeg froids magaliTad moyavs axlad daqorwinebuli qalis sizmari, romelic<br />

warmoadgenda reaqcias defloraciaze. misi azriT is gamoxatavda qalis survils moexdina<br />

meuRlis kastrireba da Seenaxa penisi TavisTvis. am Suris miRma vlindeba qalis gaboroteba<br />

mamakacis mimarT, rac naTlad gamoixateba “emansipirebuli” qalebis literaturul nawarmoebSi.<br />

qalis amgvar mtrul ganwyobas Ferenczi ganixilavs paleobiologiuri xasiaTis<br />

mosazrebiT, romelic exeba sqesTa diferenciaciis epoqas. Tavdapirvelad misi azriT kopulacia<br />

mimdinareobda erTgvari individebis Soris, romelTagan erT-erTi ganviTarda da aiZula meores<br />

sqesobrivi urTierTobis ganxorcieleba.<br />

froidi ajamebs yvelafers da akeTebs daskvnas, rom qalis moumwifebeli seqsualoba<br />

ganimuxteba im mamakacze, romelic pirvelad acnobs mas seqsualur aqts.<br />

kulturis ufro maRal safexurebze am saSiSroebis mniSvneloba gadainacvlebs ukana<br />

fonze “daqvemdebarebulobis” SepirebasTan SedarebiT, xolo qalwuloba ganixileba rogorc<br />

garkveuli ZRveni, romelzedac mamakacma ar unda ganacxados uari. magram qorwinebebis analizi<br />

gviCvenebs, rom is motivebi romelic aRiZvreba defploraciis aqtis Sedegad ar qreba ukvalod<br />

kulturuli qalis sulieri cxovrebidanac ki. damkvirvebeli SeamCnevs rom pirveli<br />

qorwinebebis umetesobaSi qali frigidulia da Tavs ubedurad grZnobs, xolo ganqorwinebis<br />

Semdeg is mTels Tavis sinazesa da siyvaruls meore qmars aniWebs. is arqauli reaqcia sruliad<br />

amowuruli iqna pirvel obieqtze.<br />

daskvnisas froidi ambobs rom: defloracias gaaCnia ara mxolod kulturuli Sedegebi –<br />

qalis samudamo mijaWvuloba mamakacisadmi; is aseve saSualebas aZlevs mamakacisadmi arqauli<br />

mtruli reaqciis ganmuxtvas, romelmac SesaZloa paTologiuri formebi miiRos da gamovlindes<br />

qorwinebis sasiyvarulo cxovrebis SeyovnebaSi, swored am eraqciis mizezia is faqti rom meore<br />

qorwinebebi xSir SemTxvevaSi ufro warmatebuli aris, vidre pirveli. am mtruli reaqciidan<br />

gamomdinare gamarTlebulia is SiSi, romelsac ganicdis primitiuli xalxis SemTxvevaSi mamakaci<br />

da romlis gamoc is Tavidan icilebs defloracias.<br />

sainteresoa, rom analitikoss SesaZloa Sexvdes orive saxis sapirispiro reaqciac,<br />

daqvemdebarebisa da mtrulobis. xSir SemTxvevaSi qali cdilobs gaeyaros Tavis yofil<br />

69

Seyvarebuls, meuRles, magram rogorc ki surs vinme sxva Seuyvaros uneblied im pirveli<br />

meuRlis xati uCndeba Tvalwin, rac metyvelebs imaze rom is jer kidev mijaWvulia Tavis<br />

yofil meuRleze ara sinazis gamo, aramed daqvemdebarebulobis gamo. is ver Tavisufldeba<br />

misgan vinaidan ar miuzRvia samagiero, xolo zogierT SemTxvevaSi saerTod verc ki<br />

gaucnobierebia Tavisi sulieri samagieros mizRvevis survilebi.<br />

<strong>Sesavali</strong><br />

xuTi wlis biWis fobiebis analizi<br />

im axalgazrda pacientis avadmyofobasa da gankurnebaze dakvirveba, romlis Sesaxeb iqneba<br />

saubari, Cems mier ar ganxorcielebula. zogadad me vxelmZRvanelobdi mkurnalobas, erTxel<br />

bavSvs gavesaubre kidec, magram mkurnalobas mainc bavSvis mama anxorcielebda, romlisadmi<br />

madlierebas gamovxatav mis mier warmoebuli CaniSvnebisaTvis, romelic man SemdgomSi<br />

publikaciisaTvis gadmomca. mamis damsaxureba kidev ufro metic aris; Cemi azriT sxva ver<br />

SeZlebda bavSvis mxridan msgavsi aRiarebebis miRebas; im codnis gareSe romelsac flobda mama,<br />

SeuZlebeli iqneboda misi xuTi wlis biWis Cvenebebis ganmarteba da esoden adreuli asakisaTvis<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> teqnikuri siZneleebi dauZleveli iqneboda. erT adamianSi mSoblisa da eqimis<br />

avtoritetis gaerTianebam, nazi grZnobebisa da mecnieruli interesebis Tanxvedram SesaZlebeli<br />

gaxada im meTodis gamoyeneba, romelic msgavs SemTxvevebSi naklebad aris gamoyenebadi. magram am<br />

dakvirvebis gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba mdgomareobs SemdegSi. eqimi, romelic zrdasruli<br />

nevrotikis fsiqoanaliziT aris dakavebuli, romelic fsiqikuri warmoanaqmnebis fenebis<br />

Tanmimdevrul gaxsnas axdens, sabolood midis bavSvuri seqsualurobis varaudebamde, ris<br />

komponentebSic is momdevno cxovrebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli yvela nevrotuli simptomis<br />

mamoZravebel Zalas xedavs.<br />

im masalas Soris, romelic Cemi SeTavazebis gamo (sxva mSoblebis mimarT TavianT<br />

bavSvebze dakvirvebis warmoebis SeTavazebazea saubari) Cems xelT aRmoCnda, cnobebma patara<br />

hansis Sesaxeb gamorCeuli adgili daikaves. hansis mSoblebma, romlebic Cemi uzxloesi<br />

momxreebi iyvnen, gadawyvites TavinaTi pirveli Svili im minimaluri Zaldatanebis gareSe<br />

aRezardaT, romelic upirobod aris saWiro keTilSobili zneobis SenarCunebisaTvis. vinaidan<br />

bavSvi ganviTarda da gaxda mxiaruli da gamtaniani biWi, maT Zalisxmevas kargi Sedegebi qonda.<br />

pirveli cnobebis hansis Sesaxeb miekuTvneba im periods, rodesac is jer kidev ar iyo<br />

sami wlis. ukve maSin is sakmao dainteresebiT saubrobda Tavisi sxeulis im nawilis Sesaxeb,<br />

romelsac Tavis enaze Wiwimacher-s eZaxda. erTxelac, man dedas Semdegi kiTxva dausva:<br />

hansi: “deda, Sen gaqvs Wiwimacher-i?”<br />

deda: “ra Tqma unda. ratom mekiTxebi amas?<br />

hansi: “me mxolod gavifiqre”.<br />

swored am asakSi, man dainaxa rogor wvelavdnen Zroxas. “Sexede – Tqva man, -<br />

Wiwimacher-idan rZe moedineba”.<br />

ukve es dakvirvebebi metyveleben imaze, rom is rasac gamoxatavs patara hansi, iqneba<br />

tipiuri bavSvis seqsualuri ganviTarebisaTvis.<br />

amave dros, misi interesi Wiwimacher-is mimarT ar aris mxolod Teoriuli. mas aseve<br />

sakuTari sasqeso organos Sexebis swrafvac gaaCnia. samnaxevari wlis asakSi, dedamisma mas<br />

Seuswro maSin, rodesac hanss xelSi penisi eWira. deda daemuqra: “Tu Sen gaagrZeleb me<br />

davuZxeb eqims, da is Sen mogaWris Sens Wiwimacher-s. maSin riTiRa gaakeTeb wiwi-s?”<br />

hansi: “Cemi roroTi”.<br />

aq is mas pasuxobs danaSaulis grZnobis gacnobierebis gareSe, magram amasTanave iZens<br />

“kastraciis konpleqss”, romelic ase xSirad SesamCnevia nevrotikebis analizis dros,<br />

miuxedavad imisa, rom isini amas aprotesteben. kastraciis kompleqsma datova SesamCnevi kvali<br />

miTologiaSi (aramarto berZnulSi).<br />

TiTqmis igive asakSi man aRelvebiT aRniSna: “me davinaxe, rom loms aqvs Wiwimacher-i".<br />

udidesi mniSvneloba, romelsac iZenen cxovelebi miTebsa da zRaprebSi, rogorc Cans<br />

ganpirobebulia im daufarvelobiT, romliTac isini cnobismoyvare bavSvs TavianT sasqeso<br />

70

organoebsa da seqsualur funqciebs aCveneben. hansis seqsualuri cnobismoyvareoba ueWvelia,<br />

magram is mas aqcevs gamomZieblad, rac mas swori gacnobierebis saSualebas aniWebs.<br />

3 wlisa da 8 Tvis asakSi is xedavs, rom lokomotividan gamoedineba wyali. “lokomotivi<br />

Wiwi-s akeTebs. sad aris misi Wiwimacher-?”<br />

ramodenime wuTis Semdeg is Rrmad Cafiqrebuli amatebs: “ZaRls da cxens aqvT<br />

Wiwimacher-i, magidas da skams – ara”. amgvarad man daadgina sakmaod arsebiTi maxasiaTebeli<br />

usulo da sulieris garCevisaTvis.<br />

rogorc Cans, cnobismoyvareoba da seqsualuri interesi, mWidro kavSirSi arian. hansis<br />

cnobismoyvareoba ZiriTadad mSoblebzea mimarTuli.<br />

hansi, 3 wlisa da 8 Tvis: “mama, Senc gaqvs Wiwimacher-i?”<br />

mama: “ra Tqma unda.”<br />

hansi: “me is arasodes ar minaxavs rodesac Sen ixdi”.<br />

is daZabulad adevnebs Tvals dedas, rodesac is icvlis da dasaZineblad emzadeba. deda<br />

ekiTxeba: “ratom miyureb ase?”<br />

hansi: “me mainteresebs gaqvs Tu ara Senc Wiwimacher-I”.<br />

deda: “ra Tqma unda. Sen es ar icodi?”<br />

hansi: “ara, me megona, vinaidan Sen didi xar, maSin Wiwimacher-ic iseTive geqneba<br />

rogoric cxens aqvs”.<br />

davimaxsovroT patara hansis es molodini. mogvianebiT igi Tavis mniSvnelobas SeiZens.<br />

udidesi movlena hansis cxovrebaSi – misi patara dis dabadeba, moxda maSin rodesac<br />

hansi 3 wlisa da 3 Tvis iyo. amasTan dakavSirebiT aRsaniSnavia misi saqcieli. dilis 5 sT-ze,<br />

hansis logini gadaaqvT mezobel oTaxSi, vinaidan dedas mSobiaroba ewyeba. 7-ze is iRviZebs da<br />

rodesac esmis dedis xma kiTxulobs: “ratom axvelebs deda?” – xolo Semdeg mciredi pauzis<br />

Semdgom: - “albaT dRes wero mova”.<br />

ra Tqma unda am ukanaskneli dReebis ganmabvlobaSi mas eubnebodnen rom wero moitans an<br />

gogos an biWs, is sruliad sworad axdens am uCveulo xmis asocirebas weros mosvlasTan.<br />

Semdeg is gadayavT samzareuloSi. is xedavs eqmisi CanTas da kiTxulobs: “ra aris es?”<br />

rodesac mas pasuxoben “CanTa”. is isev darwmunebiT imeorebs: “dRes wero mova”. mSobiarobis<br />

Semdeg bebia qali Semodis samzareuloSi da moiTxovs Cais. hansi aRniSnavs: “rodesac deda<br />

axvelebs mas Cais umzadeben”. Semdeg mas eZaxian oTaxSi da is dedas ki ar uyurebs, aramed<br />

sisxlnarevi wyliT saves WurWels da mciredi dabneulobiT aRniSnavs: “me Wiwimacher-idan<br />

sisxli ar momdis”.<br />

yvela misi SeniSvna gviCvenebs, rom is akavSirebs weros mosvlasTan yovelive uCveulos<br />

garemoSi. yvelafers gaZlierebuli yuradRebiT ganixilavs da yvelafris mimarT undoblobiT<br />

aris gansWvaluli. yovel mizez gareSe, mas daeufla pirveli undobloba weirs mosvlasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT.<br />

is eWvianobs ojaxis axal wevrTan dakavSirebiT da rodesac mas aqeben, an Tvlian rom is<br />

lamazia, hansi siZulviliT savse aRniSnavs: “samagierod mas kbilebi ar aqvs”. saqme imaSia, rom<br />

rodesac man is pirvelad dainaxa, gaukvirda rom bavSvi ar laparakobs da am garemoebis axsna<br />

moaxdina imiT, rom bavSvs kbilebi ar aqvs. bunebrivia, rom pirveli dReebis ganmavlobaSi mas<br />

nakleb yuradRebas aqcevdnen da angina gauCnda. bodvisas hansi iZaxda: “me ar mina aranairi<br />

daiko”.<br />

daaxloebiT naxevari wlis Semdeg, mas gadauara eWvianobam da is gaxda Tbili, magram<br />

sakuTar aRmatebulobaSi darwmunebuli Zma.<br />

“cotaTi mogvianebiT (erTi kviris Semdgom) hansi Tvals adevnebs misi dis banaobas da<br />

aRniSnavs: “misi Wiwimacher-i jer kidev pataraa”, - da TiTqos da damamSvideblad amatebs:<br />

“rodesac gaizrdeba is ufro didi gaxdeba”.<br />

swored am periodSi hansi pirvelad yveba Tavis sizmars: “dRes, rodesac me meZina,<br />

vifiqre rom var gmundenSi marikasTan erTad”.<br />

aq aucilebelia rom aRiniSnos: “1906 w. zafxulSi viyaviT gmundenSi sadac hansi mTeli<br />

dReebis ganmavlobaSi TamaSobda maspinZlis bavSvebTan. rodesac wavediT gmundenidan vifiqreT,<br />

rom is mZimed gadaitanda am ganSorebas. Cvenda gasakvirad es ase ar iyo. rogorc Cans mas<br />

71

uxaroda es cvlileba da ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi saerTod ar saubrobda gmundenis<br />

Sesaxeb. mxolod ramodenime kviris gasvlis Semdgom mas daubrunda sakmaod cocxali mogonebebi<br />

gmundenis Sesaxeb. ukve 4 kviraa, rac am mogonebebs mis fantaziaSi amuSavebs. Tavis fantaziebSi<br />

is eTamaSeba im bavSvebs, esaubreba maT, ise TiTqos isini aqve iyvnen. rogorc Cans misi dis<br />

gaCenis Semdeg, isi dainteresda bavSvebis gaCenis problemiT; is gmundenis maspinZlis bavSvebs,<br />

bertas da olRas TavianT Svilebs eZaxis da erTxelac ambobs: “berta da olRa werom moitana”.<br />

misi sizmari SesaZlebelia iyos ganxiluli rogorc gmundenSi wasvlis survili”.<br />

aqve minda avRniSno, rom Tavisi ukanaskneli gancxadebiT “Tavisi Svilebis” Sesaxeb<br />

romlebic viTomda werom moitana, hansi xmamaRla upirispirdeba Tavis farul eWvs.<br />

sabednierod mamam saintereso ram aRniSna, rac SemdgomSi Zalian mniSvnelovani gaxda.<br />

“me hansisTvis vxatav Jirafs, hansi am periodisaTvis xSirad iyo xolme SonbrunSi. is<br />

meubneba: “dauxate Wiwimacher-ic”. me vpasuxob: “Sen TiTon dauxate”. is xatavs patara joxs<br />

muclis SuagulSi, Semdeg egreve agrZelebs mas da aRniSnavs: “Wiwimacher-i ufro grZelia”.<br />

Wiwimacher-is mimarT Tavisi interesis gamo man sruliad Taviseburi TamaSi gamoigona.<br />

SemosasvlelSi moTavsebulia klozeti da saTavso. hansi midis am saTavsoSi da iZaxis: “me<br />

davdivar Cems klozetSi”. erTxelac me iq Sevixede, rom menaxa riTia dakavebuli. Turme Tavis<br />

peniss aSiSvlebs da ambobs: “me vakeTeb wiwi-s”. es niSnavs imas, rom klozets TamaSobs. TamaSis<br />

xasiaTi vlindeba ara mxolod imaSi rom is ar urinirebs sinamdvileSi, aramed imaSic, rom<br />

ncvlad klozetSi siarulisa is amjobinebs saTavsos, romelsac “Tavis klozets” eZaxis.<br />

hansis seqsualuri cxovrebis autoerotiuli maxasiaTeblebis garda, aseve mis mamas<br />

SeuZlia gvamcnobos misi sasiyvarulo damokidebulebebis Sesaxeb sxva bavSvebTan mimarTebaSi,<br />

raSic “obieqtis arCevanis” gakeTeba SeiZleba iyos konstatirebuli zrdasruli adamianis<br />

msgavsad. aqac SesamCnevia moqniloba da poligamiuri mixrilobebi.<br />

“zamTarSi (3 da 3/4 wlis) hansi mimyavs sasrialoze sadac Cemi kolegis ori qaliSvili<br />

gavacani. isini daaxloebiT 10 wlis arian. miuxedavad gogoebis mxridan miuReblobisa, hansi maT<br />

mimarT grZnobebiT ganimsWvaleba, miuxedavad imisa, rom amas ar aqvs gavlena gogoebze. hansi maT<br />

“Tavis gogoebs” uwodebs. rodesac saxlSi brundeba kiTxulobs: “rodis waval sasrialoze, Cems<br />

gogoebTan?”<br />

hansTan stumrobs misi 5 wlis biZaSvili (hansi 4 wlisaa). hansi mas ramodenimejer<br />

exuteba da erTxelac aRiarebs: “me Sen ise miyvarxar”.<br />

es aris homoseqsualobis pirveli magram ara ukanaskneli maxasiaTebeli. patara hansi<br />

garyvnilobis magaliTad iqceva.<br />

“Cven gadavediT sxva binaze. (hansi 4 wlisaa) samzareulos kari aivanze gadis, saidanac<br />

mopirdapire mxares ganlagebuli bina Cans. iq hansma 7-8 wlis gogona aRmoaCina. imisaTvis rom<br />

mas uTvalTvalos hansi jdeba safexurze da saaTobiT ar Sordeba adgils. gansakuTrebiT<br />

naSuadRevs 4 sT-ze SeuZlebelia misi SeCereba oTaxebSi an CamoSoreba sameTvalyureo postidan.<br />

erTxelac rodesac gogo Cveul dros ar brundeba, hansi yvelas ekiTxeba: “rodis mova Cemi<br />

gogo?” sad ari gogo?” xolo rodesac is gamoCndeba, hansi bednieria da Tvals ar aSorebs<br />

gogos binas. am “manZilze arsebuli siyvarulis” siZliere aixsneba imiT rom hanss ar yavs<br />

megobrebi. bavSvis normaluri ganviTarebisaTvis aucilebelia mudmivi urTierToba sxva<br />

bavSvebTan.<br />

msgavsi urTierToba misTvis SesaZlebelia gaxda rodesac sazafxulod gmundenSi gadavida.<br />

masTan erTad maspinZlis Svilebi TamaSoben. miuxedavad imisa, rom maT wreSi bevri gogoa, hansis<br />

favoritia frici, romelsac is xSirad exuteba da eficeba siyvaruls. erTxelac kiTxvaze Tu<br />

romeli gogo moswons mas yvelaze metad is pasuxobs: “frici”. amave dros gogoebTan<br />

mimarTebaSi is agresiulia da Tavi uWiravs mamakacad, dampyroblad, exuteba da kocnis maT, rac<br />

magaliTad mowons bertas. magram misdami siyvarulis gamoxatva xels ar uSlis hanss sxva<br />

gogoebTanac msgavsi urTierTobis damyarebisaTvis. mas mowons marika – maspinZlis 14 wlis<br />

gogo. erTxelac saRamos man ganacxada, rom marikasTan erTad surs Zili. rodesac mas uebnebian<br />

rom es SeuZlebelia is iZaxis: “maSin marikam daiZinos dedasTan an mamasTan”. mas uebnebian rom<br />

esec SeuZlebelia, vinaidan marika Tavis ded-mamasTan iZinebs:<br />

72

hansi: “maSin me Caval da daviZineb marikasTan”.<br />

deda: “Sen namdvilad ginda miatovo deda da Caxvide qveviT?”<br />

hansi: “magram me xom davbrundebi diliT yavaze”.<br />

deda: “Tu namdvilad ginda miatovo deda da mama, waiRe Seni qurTuki, sacvali da<br />

kargad!”<br />

hansi iRebs Tavis nivTebs da Cadis qveviT, saidanac mas ra Tqma unda abruneben”.<br />

(am survilis miRma ifareba sxva ram: mas surs, rom marika, romelTanac is atarebs drois<br />

umetes nawils, Semovides maT saxlSi. garda amisa kidev sxva ram. vinaidan hansis ded-mama<br />

iSviaTad, magram mainc iyvandnen mas TavianT loginSi, mSoblebis gverdze wola erotiul<br />

SegrZnebebs aRvivebda bavSvSi, aqedan gamomdinare marikasTan wolis survili erotiul sazriss<br />

Seicavs. hansisaTvis, rogorc yvela sxva bavSvisaTvis mSoblebTan erTad loginSi wola<br />

erotiuli aRznebis wyaros warmoadgens.)<br />

miuxedavad Tavisi homoseqsualuri mixrilobisa hanss dedamisTan Tavi ise uWiravs<br />

rogorc es namdvil mamakacs Sehferis.<br />

aRwerilia misi grZnobebi restoranSi myofi 8 wlis gogo mimarT. rogor wiTldeba da<br />

morcxvobs da a. S. xazgasmulia is faqtori, rom maSin rodesac is agresiulia Sin, aq Tavis<br />

uWiravs rogorc Tayvanismcemeli. SesaZlebelia es dakavSirebulia imasTan, rom masTan saxlSi<br />

myofi gogoebi – soflis gogoebis arian, es ki – kulturuli qambatonia.<br />

imisaTvis, rom hansi ar darCes am gogos mimarT aRzevebli siyvarulis daZabul<br />

mdgomareobaSi, deda patiJebs gogos maT ezoSi saTamaSod, im droisaTvis rodesac hansi sadilis<br />

Semdeg gamoiZinebs. hansi imdenad aris aRgznebuli gogos mosalodneli vizitiT, rom pirvelad<br />

ver axerxebs gamoZinebas sadilis Semdgom. deda ekiTxeba Tu ratom ver iZinebs da isic<br />

pasuxobs, rom fiqrobs im gogoze. amave dros hansma yvelas mouyva gogos mosalodneli vizitis<br />

Sesaxeb da marikas ekiTxeboda: “rogor fiqrob makocebs is Tu ara?”<br />

magram sadilis Semdeg modioda wvima da viziti ver ganxorcielda. hansi ki gaerTo<br />

bertasa da olRasTan”.<br />

deda bans hanss diliT (4 da 4/1 wlis) rogorc yovelTvis da dabanis Semdeg amSralebs<br />

da pudrs ayris. rodesac is frTxilad ayris pudrs peniss hansi ekiTxeba: “ratom ar mexebi<br />

TiTiT?”<br />

deda: “imitom rom es Rorobaa”.<br />

hansi: “ras niSnvas Roroba? ratom?”<br />

deda: “imitom rom es uwesobaa”.<br />

hansi: “magram sasiamovnoa”.<br />

amave dros hanss saintereso sizmari esizmreba, romelic gamoirCeva gambedaobiT dedasTan<br />

mimarTebaSi simamacis gamovlenasTan SedarebiT. misi ganmarteba mxolod da mxolod mamis Sors<br />

mWvretelobiT gaxda SesaZlebeli.<br />

“dRes Rame me vifiqre: erTi ambobda: vis unda CemTan mosvla? maSin viRaca eubneba: “me”.<br />

maSin man unda aiZulos igi gaakeTos wiwi.”<br />

Semdgomi kiTxvebidan aRmoCndeba, rom vizualuri STabeWdilebebi aq ar arsebobs, mxolod<br />

audialuria. aseve es sizmari warmoadgens im TamaSis gadmonaSTs, romelic hansma maspinZlis<br />

bavSvebTan erTad iTamaSa ramodenime dRis win. es aris TamaSis wabaZva, romlis drosac hanss<br />

surs, rom is visac eubnebian ra unda gaakeTos, unda urinirebdes.<br />

ra Tqma unda es procesi hansisaTvis sasiamovno mniSvnelobas iZens. gaseirnebis dros am<br />

samsaxurs hanss uwevs mama.<br />

ori dRis win, rogorc ukve iyo aRniSnuli man dedas kiTxa Tu ratom ar exeba peniss.<br />

guSin rodesac urinirebisaTvis gverdze gaviyvane, man pirvelad mTxova saxlis ukana mxares<br />

gameyvana, rom aravis ar daenaxa da aRniSna: “berta da olRa SarSan miyurebdnen rodesac wiwi-s<br />

vakeTebdi”. Cemi azriT am mosazrebas aqvs Semdegi mniSvneloba, maSin misTvis sasiamovno iyo<br />

gogonebis cnobismoyvareoba, exla ki – ara. eksgibicionisturi siamovneba (sasqeso organoebis<br />

gaSiSvlebis) exla ukve gandevnas eqvemdebareba. es gandevna, warmoadgens imis ganmartebas, Tu<br />

ratom vlindeba es survili sizmarSi. amis Semdeg me davakvirdi, rom mas undoda wiwi-s<br />

gakeTeba yvelasgan farulad”.<br />

73

venaSi gadasvlis Semdeg, mama isev afiqsirebs kidev erT dakvirvebas. rodesac banen anas,<br />

hansi uyurebs mas da sicils iwyebs. rodesac mas ekiTxebian ratom, is iZaxis rom anas<br />

Wiwimacher-i lamazia.<br />

es aris cru pasuxi, magram am formulirebiT is axdens qalisa da mamakacis sasqeso<br />

organos gnsxvavebas, imis nacvlad rom uaryofdes mas.<br />

avadmyofobis istoria da analizi<br />

aRwerilia mamis werili froidis mimarT, sadac is mouTxrobs hansis ganviTarebul<br />

nervul moSlilobaze, romelic mas da mis meuRles awuxebs da ver pouloben aRkveTis gzebs.<br />

“rogorc Cans seqsualuri aRzneba gamowveuli dedis sinaziT, warmoadgens nervuli<br />

moSlilobis mizezs, magram mis gamomwvev sababs mainc ver vpoulob. SesaZlebelia quCaSi cxenis<br />

kbenis SiSi gamowveulia imiT, rom man sadRac dainaxa didi penisi. rogorc iciT adre SeumCnevia<br />

cxenis didi penisi. swored am garemoebam miiyvana is im daskvnamde, rom vinaidan deda didia,<br />

wiwimacher-ic didi unda qondes.<br />

Tuki ar CavTvliT imas, rom quCaSi gasvlis SiSi gauCnda da saRamoobiT cud ganwyobazea, hansi<br />

isev iseTive mamaci biWia”.<br />

avadmyofobis ufro siRrmiseuli analizisaTvis moyvanilia ramodenime faqti.<br />

“hansi Semodis dilas dedasTan tiriliT da rodesac amas ekiTxebian mizezs pasuxobs:<br />

“rodesac meZina, vifiqre rom waxvedi da aRar myavs deda romelsac SemiZlia movefero”.<br />

rodesac msgavs elegiur ganwyobas avlenda iyo SemTxveva rom dedas hansi loginSi<br />

auyvania.<br />

5 ianvars is midi dedasTan da eubneba vinme deidas Sesaxeb, romelmac misi sasqeso<br />

organos Sesaxeb komentari gaakeTa”.<br />

(is qali namdvilad cxovrobda maT ojaxSi da erTxel ise rom hanss ar gaego dedamiss<br />

namdvilad uTxra msgavsi ram da es hansma daimaxsovra).<br />

aRniSnulia is garemoeba, rodesac is ZiZas miyavs saseirnod da hansi moiTxovs dedasTan<br />

dabrunebas. saRamos dadgomamde is sakmaod mxiarulia, magram mere SfoTavs da moiTxovs<br />

dedisgan “moferebas”.<br />

8 ianvars deda gadawyvets TiTon gaaseirnos hansi da miyavs is SonbrunSi, (adgili<br />

romelic hanss uyvars) magram is isev Wirveulobs da quCaSi siarulis SiSs avlens. is eubneba<br />

dedas: “me meSinia rom cxenma ar mikbinos”. saRamos mas isev SfoTva ewyeba, tiris da moiTxovs<br />

dedas. Semdeg is iZaxis “xval isev momiwevs saseirnod wasvla” – da mogvianebiT, “cxeni oTaxSi<br />

mova”.<br />

Semdeg aRwerilia dedisa da hansis dialogi imasTan dakavSirebiT rom hansi wiwimacher-s<br />

xels kidebs. is aRniSnavs rom es sasiamovnoa, xolo mas afrTxileben rom wiwimacher-is xelis<br />

xleba ar SeiZleba.<br />

yvelaferi es SesaZlebelia yofiliyo SiSisa da fobiis dasawyisi. Cans rom gvaqvs sakmao<br />

safuZveli maTi gansxvavebisa.<br />

moSliloba iwyeba mSfoTvare-nazi azrebidan, rasac moyveba saSineli sizmari. am<br />

ukanasknelis Sinaarsia: dedis danakargi, ris Semdgom SeuZlebeli iqneba masTan mofereba. aqedan<br />

gamomdinare dedis mimarT sinaze sakmaod maRalia. es aris avadmyofuri mdgomareobis ZiriTadi<br />

fenomeni. gavixsenoT hansis mxridan dedis “Secdenis” mcdelobebi. dedis mimarT amgvari<br />

gamZafrebuli sinaze iqceva SiSis SegrZnebad, an eqvemdebareba gandevnas. magram jer kidev ar<br />

aris cnobili Tu saidan momdinareobs gandevnis biZgi.<br />

am SiSs, romelic gandevnili erotiuli ltolvis Sesabamisia, msgavsad bavSvis sxva<br />

SiSebisa ar gaaCnia obieqti. bavSvs ar SeuZlia gaacnobieros Tu risi eSinia da rodesac hanss<br />

ZiZasTan erTad seirnobisas ar unda aRiareba Tu risi eSinia, es niSnavs imas rom man ubralod<br />

ar icis es. piriqiT sakmaod advilia imis axsna, rom saRamos mas imitom eSinia, rom libido<br />

gansakuTrebuli ZaliT ipyrobs hanss, xolo am libidos obieqti aris deda, mizani – dedasTan<br />

Zili.<br />

e. i. SiSi gandevnili survilis Sesabamisia, magram ara eqvivalenturi, gandevna<br />

garkveulwilad axdens Tavis zegavlenas. survili SesaZlebelia sruliad iyos<br />

74

dakmayofilebuli, Tuki sasurveli obieqtis daaxloveba moxdeba. magram SeuZlebelia SiSis<br />

gardasaxva libidoSi, romelic raimeTi aris Sekavebuli gandevnil mdgomareobaSi. es gamovlinda<br />

hansis dedasTan erTad pirveli gaseirnebis dros. miuxedavad imisa rom dedasTanaa, hansi mainc<br />

SiSiT aris ganmsWvaluli, rac vlindeba mis mimarT daukmayofilebel ltolvaSi.<br />

SiSma unda ipovos Tavisi obieqti. gaseirnebis dros is aRniSnavs cxenis mxridan kbenis<br />

molodinis saSiSroebas. am fobiis safuZveli jer kidev ucnob kompleqsebSia, ramac dedis<br />

mimarT arsebuli libidos gandevnil mdgomareobaSi SenarCuneba ganapiroba. mamis mxridan<br />

arsebuli miniSnebebis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT, rom cxeni am SemTxvevaSi dedis<br />

Canacvlebas warmoadgens (vinaidan hansi adre ukavSirebda erTmaneTs dedas da cxens).<br />

hansi aseve gamotyda imaSic, rom Zilis win exeba Tavis peniss.<br />

magram is rom bavSvi Zilis win masturbaciiT siamovnebis SegrZnebebs iwvevda ar axdebs<br />

misi SiSis mizezis axsnas, piriqiT es mas ufro metad saidumloebiT moculad aqcevs. hansi aris<br />

4 3/4 wlis, is ukve 1 welia rac msgavs siamovnebas hgvris Tavs, magram mxolod exla cdilobs<br />

am CvevasTan SebrZolebas, rac sakmaod uaxlovdeba SiSis warmoqmnasa da gandevnas.<br />

rTulia aseve dedis dadanaSaulebac imaSi, rom bavSvis damSvidebis mizniT, man faqtiurad<br />

misi nevrozi gamoiwvia (rodesac mas loginSi iyvanda dawyanrebis mizniT, xolo Semdeg sakmaod<br />

mkacrad uaryo misi siamovnebis moTxovnileba).<br />

me vuTanxmdebi mamas bavSvs auxsnas rom cxenis istoria aris sruli sisulele. rom<br />

sinamdvileSi is aris avad imitom, rom dedasTan zedmetad Tbil urTierTobaSia.<br />

Semdeg me movuwode mamas hansis seqsualuri ganaTlebisaken. aseve man unda gaigos rom<br />

dedas wiwimacher-i saerTod ar aqvs, rogorc sxva qalebs.<br />

“axsna ganmartebis Semdeg SedarebiT mSvidi periodi dadga. misi cxenis mimarT SiSi<br />

gadaiqceva cxenis yurebis daJinebul moTxovnilebaSi. is ambobs “me unda vuyuro cxenebs, maSin<br />

me meSinia maTi”.<br />

influenciis Semdeg misi fobia gaZlierda, misi quCaSi gayvana SeuZlebeli xdeba.<br />

mama mas esaubreba imis Sesaxeb rom cxenebi ar ikbinebian. hansi pasuxobs rom Tu TeTri<br />

cxenis win TiTs daiWer is aucileblad gikbens. mama gaocebulia imiT, rom is ar axsenebs xels.<br />

aqve aRwerilia mokle istoria imis Sesaxeb, rom rodesac lici gasamgzavreblad<br />

emzadeboda, misi saxlis win idga ekipaJi TeTri cxeniT. mama etyvis hanss rom iqneb TiTi mis<br />

warmoadgenaSi aris wiwimacher-i.<br />

Semdeg hansi da mama isev saubroben fobiaze, romelsac hansi sisuleles eZaxis. mama mas<br />

eubneba rom sisulele gaqarwyldeba Tuki is sasernod gava xSirad. hansi ki ambobs, rom is<br />

gaZlierda vinaidan is yoveldRe wiwimacher-s kidebs xels.<br />

eqimis da pacienti, mama da Svili eTanxmebian erTamenTs imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom<br />

onanizmisagan gadaCveva warmoadgens mTavar rols, arsebuli mdgomareobis paTogenezSi.<br />

axali mosamsaxuris gamoCena hansSi simpaTias iwvevs.<br />

Zveli cnobismoyvareoba mimarTulia axal obieqtze da rogorc es aris xolme gandevnis<br />

SemTxvevaSi is ifareba moralizirebadi tendenciiT!<br />

Semdeg mama esaubreba hanss imis Sesaxeb, rom Tu is Sewyvets wiwimacher-is xelis xlebas<br />

sisulele gauvlis. is xazs usvams, rom SeiZleba hansi ar kidebs wiwimacher-s, magram es unda.<br />

razec hansi pasuxobs: “survili ar niSnavs amis keTebas da piriqiT!!!”<br />

Semdeg aRwerilia hansis mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba. mama mas esaubreba qalisa da kacis<br />

wiwimacher-is sxvaobis Sesaxeb. hansi mxiarulad aris, magram saRamo Jams igi isev sevdiania da<br />

eSinia cxenebis.<br />

Tumca wina dReebTan SedarebiT nervuli Seteva da moferebis moTxovnileba naklebia.<br />

aRwerilia hansis anonisturi fantazia, rodesac is ambobs rom dainaxa deda perangSi,<br />

romelmac mas wiwimacher-i aCvena. Semdeg is ixsenebs gretas, romelic gmundenSi yofnisas misi<br />

erT-erTi nacnobi gogoa da moixseniebs mas ise TiTqos masTan amJamadac aqvs urTierToba, rac<br />

fantaziis wyaros warmoadgens.<br />

is iZaxis rom es aris sizmari, magram es ufro sizmris eqvivalenturi onanisturi<br />

fantaziaa. misTvis gamarTlebas warmoadgens is momenti rom deda aris magaliTi da aqedan<br />

gamomdinare masac SeuZlia wiwimacher-is demonstrireba.<br />

75

am fantaziidan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia gamovitanoT daskvna, rom dedis mxridan<br />

SeniSvnam masze zegavlena moaxdina, meores mxriv axsna ganmarteba imis Sesaxeb, rom qalebs<br />

gansxvavebuli wiwimacher-i aqvT mis mier ar aris miRebuli bolomde, an mas aqvs garkveuli<br />

safuZveli mamis mimarT ndobis ar qonis.<br />

mamis yovelkvireuli angariSi: aRwerilia hansis SiSebi didi cxovelebis miamrT, rodesac<br />

mSoblebs is miyavT SonbrunSi. mas ar unda Sesvla iq sadac aris Jirafi da spilo, romelic<br />

adre misTvis saintereso iyo. didi cxovelebisadmi SiSs gamoxatavs, xolo patarebTan Tavs<br />

kargad grZnobs.<br />

amasTan dakavSirebiT mama eubneba, rom mas imitom eSinia didi cxovelebis, rom maT didi<br />

wiwimacher-i aqvT.<br />

momdevno dReebis ganmavlobaSi SiSi matulobs. hansi WiSkridan ar gadis.<br />

mamasTan saubrisas hansis mier gamoTqmuli damamSvidebeli sityva gamoaSkaravebs<br />

sinamdviles da saSualebas iZleva mamis msjelobaSi Sesworebis SetanisaTvis. marTalia rom<br />

hanss eSinia didi cxovelebis, vinaidan mas uwevs maT did wiwimacher-ze fiqri, magram<br />

SeuZlebelia imis Tqma Tu ras ganicdis igi yvelaze did wiwimacher-Tan dakavSirebiT. masze<br />

warmoadgena rogorc Cans hansisaTvis siamovnebis momgvreli iyo da is yvelanairad cdilobda<br />

rogorme daenaxa es wiwimacher-i. swored im droidan siamovneba Seicvala usiamovnebiT,<br />

romelmac CvenTvis gaugebari saSualebiT hansis seqsualuri gamokvleva moicva da ramac hansi<br />

SedarebiT mtkivneul daskvnamde miiyvana. rogorc misi damaSvidebeli sityvidan – wiwimacher-i<br />

CemTan erTad gaizrdeba, SesaZlebelia davaskvnaT, rom sakuTari dakvirvebebis ganmavlobaSi hansi<br />

Sedarebebs axdenda da daukmayofilebeli darCa sakuTari wiwimacher-is zomiT. am defeqts mas<br />

didi cxovelebi cxovelebi axseneben da swored am mizeziT isini arasasiamovnoni arian<br />

hansisTvis. magram vinaidan mTeli es azrTa msvleloba SeuZlebelia iyos gacnobierebuli, es<br />

damamZimebeli SegrZneba SiSSi gadaizrdeba. aqedan gamomdinare misi SiSi agebulia rogorc<br />

adreul siamovnebaze, aseve amJamindel usiamovnebazec. rodesac SiSis mdgomareoba<br />

Camoyalibebulia, SiSi StanTqavs yvela danarCen SegrZnebas. rodesac gandevnis procesi<br />

progresirebs da ukve gacnobierebuli, afeqtTan dakavSirebuli warmodgenebi kidev ufro metad<br />

gadaiwevian aracnobierSi – maSin SesaZlebelia rom yvela afeqti gadaizardos SiSSi.<br />

aseve dedis mxridan adreuli muqaris Sesaxeb aris xazgasmuli. savsebiT SesaZlebelia,<br />

rom kastraciis muqaram drois sakmaod didi monakveTis Semdeg iqonia gavlena da swored exla<br />

1 1/4 wlis Semdgom hanss sakuTari mes Zvirfasi nawilis dakargvis SiSi gauCnda. msgavsi<br />

brZanebebisa da muqarebis gavlenebis zemoqmedeba sxva avadmyofobebis SemTxvevebSic SesaZlebelia<br />

iyos SemCneuli, rodesac droiTi intervali aTwleulebsa da ufro metsac moicavs.<br />

aRwerilia SemTxveva rodesac hansi RamiT ded-mamis loginSi SemoZvra da daiZina.<br />

meore dRes mama maT dialogs iwers, romelSic hansi yveba Tavisi azrebis Sesaxeb:<br />

hansi: “RamiT oTaxSi iyo erTi didi da meore dakuWuli Jirafi, didma yvirili atexa<br />

imirom, rom me mas dakuWuli wavarTvi. Semdeg man Sewyvita yvirili da me dakuWul Jirafs<br />

davajeqi”.<br />

fantazia JirafebTan dakavSirebiT imave dRes poulobs axsna-ganmartebas.<br />

didi Jirafi – aris mama (didi penisi – grZeli yeli), dakuWuli Jirafi – aris deda<br />

(misi sasqeso organoebi).<br />

yvelaferi es aris im scenis reproduqcia, romelic am bolo dros TiTqmis yovel dilas<br />

meordeboda. hansi diliT Semodis mSoblebTan, deda ver ikavebs Tavs da ramodenime wutiT igi<br />

loginSi ayavs. mama am dros mas arwunebs, rom amis gakeTeba ar Rirs (“didi Jirafi yviroda<br />

imitom, rom me mas dakuWuli wavarTvi.”) deda mamas gaRizianebuli pasuxobs, rom es uazrobaa,<br />

rom SeuZlebelia erT wuTs raime zegavlena qondes da a. S. ris Semdegac hansi ramodenime xani<br />

masTan rCeba (didi Jirafi Cumdeba da me dakuWuls davajeqi.)<br />

froidi mamis msjelobas kidev erT danamats ukeTebs: hansisaTvis “raimeze dajdoma”<br />

flobis Sesabamisia. aqedan gamomdinare am fantaziaSi dafarulia Semdegi ram: hansis SiSi, rom<br />

dedas is ar uyvars vinaidan misi wiwimacher-i mamasTan SedarebiT pataraa.<br />

mama hanss misi fantaziis ganmartebas gaumxels.<br />

76

odesac mama froidTan vizitis Semdeg brundeba hansi mas kidev erT akrZalul ocnebas<br />

gaumxels: “Cven viyaviT vagonSi, gavtexeT SuSa da policielma wagviyvana”.<br />

es aris Jirafebis fantaziis marTebuli gagrZeleba. hansi grZnobs, rom ar SeiZleba dedis<br />

floba; rom is sisxlis aRrevis zRvars miuaxlovda. magram mis fantaziebSi is mamasTan erTad<br />

aris. misi azriT mamac dedasTan idumal kavSirSia, raSic garkveulwilad Zaladobac<br />

igulisxmeba, raRac SuSis msxvrevis, an dacul sivrceSi SeRwevis msgavsi.<br />

mama Svili froidTan vizitze arian.<br />

konsultacia xanmoklea. saubari iwyeba hansis cxenebis SiSTan dakavSirebiT. aRsaniSnavia,<br />

rom cxenebis SiSi da dedisadmi ltolva sakmaod bundovnad ukavSirdeba erTmaneTs. is detalebi<br />

romelic froidma gamoarkvia (hanss yvelaze ufro metad aSinebda is, rom cxnebes aqvT raRac<br />

Tvalebze da raRac Savi pirTan), sruliad gaugebari iyo da ar eqvemdebareboda axsnas im<br />

monacemebis gaTvaliswinebiT rac mas qonda. froidi xumrobiT ekiTxeba hanss: misi cxenebi<br />

saTvaleebs xom ar atareben? is amas uaryofs. mama xom ar atarebs saTvaleebs? miuxedavad imisa<br />

rom es asea, hansi am faqtsac uaryofs. “raRac Savi pirTan” ulvaSi xom ar aris? Semdeg<br />

froidi mas uxsnis rom hansi mamisadmi SiSs ganicdis, vinaidan mas Zalian uyvars deda.<br />

ukana gzaze hansi ekiTxeba mamas: “profesori RmerTs elaparakeba, raxan mas yvelafris<br />

Tqma SeuZlia winaswar?”<br />

ra Tqma unda mosalodneli ar iyo rom axsna ganmartebis Semdeg hansi sruliad<br />

ganTavisfuldeboda Tavisi fobiebisagan, magram aRmoCnda, rom mas mieca Tavisi aracnobieri<br />

produqciis aRmoCenisa da fobiis garRvevis SesaZlebloba.<br />

Semdeg aRwerilia pacientis etapobrivi gaumjobeseba da SiSis Tanmimdevruli<br />

gaqarcylebis/klebis procesi.<br />

hansi Tavisi azrebis gamoTqmaSi ukidures sizustes aRwevs. is miaxvedrebs mamas, rom<br />

misadmi siyvaruli da aseve metoqeobis SegrZneba dedisadmi ltolvidan gamomdinare, es<br />

grZnobebi erTmaneTs ebrZvian da hansi gamoxatavs sayvedurs, rom mamam saTanado yuradReba ar<br />

miaqcia am grZnobebis TamaSs, romelic sabolood SiSSi gadaizarda.<br />

hansis fobia kidev ufro met detalur ganviTarebas iZens.<br />

mama ekiTxeba mas, Tu risi eSinia ase Zalian: “me meSinia, rom cxenebi daecemian moxvevis<br />

dros”. aseve is Relavs, rodesac satvirToebi moZraobas iwyeben. mas ufro metad eSinia<br />

satvirTo cxenebis, vidre patarebis, soflis cxenebis ufro metad, vidre eleganturebis<br />

(romlebic ekipaJebSi arian Sebmuli). mas aseve Zalian eSinia, rodesac satvirTo didi<br />

siswrafiT mieqaneba, vidre maSin rodesac cxenebi nela midian. es gansxvavebebe bolo dReebSi<br />

gamovlinda.<br />

SemiZlia avRniSno, rom analizis meSveobiT, ara marto pacienti, aramed misi fobiac<br />

ufro gabeduli gaxda.<br />

hansi Semdeg aRwers Tavis survils satvirToebze ZromialTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

froidi ambobs, rom hansis TamaSi datvirTul satvirToebTan dakavSirebiT sxva survilis<br />

simbolur da Canacvlebis xasiaTs atarebs, survilis romelic jer ar aris gamoTqmuli.<br />

SesaZlebelia gabedulad mogveCvenos, magram am survilis konstruireba exlave SeiZleba.<br />

mamasTan dialogSi vlindeba, rom hanss eSinia omnibusebis, vinaidan erTxel man dainaxa Tu<br />

rogor daeca cxeni omnibusSi. mas kidev ufro metad SeeSinda, rodesac davardnilma cxenma<br />

Cliqebis qneva daiwyo.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs Tu ramdenad universaluria msgavsi tipis fobia. is mimarTulia<br />

cxenebsa da ekipaJebze, cxenebis kbenasa da vardnaze, gansakuTrebuli niSanTvisebebis mqone<br />

cxenebze, satvirToebze, romlebis gadatvirTulia. gansakuTrebiT unda aRniSnos mamis mier<br />

gamokvleuli Semdegi punqti. gairkva fobiis gaCenis namdvili mizezi. momenti rodesac hansma<br />

didi mzidavi cxenis vardna dainaxa da mamis erT-erTi ganmarteba miuTiTebs imaze, rom hanss<br />

maSin surda mamac aseve waqceuliyo – momkvdariyo.<br />

hansis mdgomareoba gaumjobesebisaken midis. misi qmedebis radiusi izrdeba. is mopirdapire<br />

trotuarze gadarbenasac ki bedavs. SiSi romelic mas gaaCnia mxolod omnibuss ukavSirdeba, am<br />

SiSis mizezi ar aris cnobili.<br />

77

kidev erTi detali aris gaanalizebuli hansisa da mamis dialogSi. mama mas eubneba, rom<br />

icis ra SemTxvevaSi abakunebs fexebs hansi. hansi awyvetinebs da eubneba, rom maSin rodesac is<br />

gabrazebulia an sWirdeba lumpf-is gakeTeba (defekaciis aqti). mama eubneba, rom hansi maSinac<br />

abakunebs fexebs rodesac wiwi unda.<br />

froidi adasturebs, rom es asea, vinaidan bavSvma dasturi gamoTqva imiT, rom wiwi<br />

mounda. mama froids ekiTxeba Tu ras SeiZleba niSnavdes cxenis Cliqebis qneva. froidi<br />

pasuxobs, rom SesaZlebelia es hanss Sardis gaSvebis moTxovnilebasTan aqvs asocirebuli. hansi<br />

amas adasturebs saubris dros, rodesac miuTiTebs “fexebis bakunis xmauris” sxva<br />

mniSvnelobebzec.<br />

hansis deda mamas sayidlebis Sesaxeb esaubreba da yviTeli pantalonis demonstrirebisas<br />

hansi iZaxis “fui”. deda aRniSnavs, rom man ramodenimejer ukve gamoxata msgavsi damokidebuleba.<br />

hanss problemebi aqvs defekaciasTan dakavSirebiT da misi da mamis saubari am Temas<br />

ukavSirdeba. hanss imdenad gaZlierebuli koliti aqvs, rom dedamisma eqims mimarTa. eqimma<br />

daaskvna, rom kolitis mizezia gadametebuli kveba, rac Seesabameboda sinamdviles. kvebis klebis<br />

Semdeg mdgomareoba gaumjobesda, magram bolo dReebis ganmavlobaSi kuWSi Sekruloba gaxSirda.<br />

mimdinareobs saubari pantalonebTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

saubris dasasruls irkveva, rom hansi ityueba.<br />

am istoriis garkvevisaTvis froidi aRniSnavs, rom hansi pirferobs rodesac Tavis Tavs<br />

kmayofilad asaRebs am TemebTan dakavSirebiT saubrisas.<br />

rodesac mamis mimarT uxeSobas avlens es niRabis CamoSorebas niSnavs. saubari exeba iseT<br />

Temebs, romlebic misTvis adre didad sasiamovno iyvnen, exla ki gandevnis mdgomareobaSi es<br />

yvelaferi masSi sircxvilsa da usiamovnebas iwvevs. is ityueba rodesac dedis mier<br />

pantalonebis Cacma-gaxdaze saubrobs. sinamdvileSi pantalonebis Tema ukavSirdeba defekaciis<br />

sirTuleebs.<br />

mama ekiTxeba dedas yofila Tu ara SemTxveva rodesac hansi masTan erTad iyo kolzetSi.<br />

deda adasturebs amas.<br />

dasamaxsovrebelia es gandevnili siamovneba dedis defekaciis aqtis dros xilvasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT.<br />

mama esaubreba hanss cxenebis SiSis gaCenasTan dakavSirebiT, rodesac is da maspinZlis<br />

Svilebi gmundenSi TamaSobdnen ezoSi. mamas unda, rom hansma aRiaros fricis waqceva, magram<br />

hansi uaryofs (Tumca mogvianebiT gairkveva mamis varaudi swori aRmoCnda). Semdeg saubris Tema<br />

gadainacvlebs bertaze, romelic hansis sityvebiT interess gamoxatavda misi wiwimacher-is<br />

xilvasTan dakavSirebiT. dialogis ganmavlobaSi hansi aRiarebs, rom mas qonda imis survili,<br />

rom bertas da olRas wiwimacher-i enaxa. rodesac mama uebneba rom is ityueba da aseve dedis<br />

wiwimacher-is naxvis survilic qonda, hansi pasuxobs: “dedis ra Tqma unda.”<br />

Semdeg hansi saubrobs Tavisi SegrZnebebis Sesaxeb pantalonebTan dakavSirebiT. “me<br />

vifurTxebodi imitom, rom Savi pantalonebi imdenad Savia, ramdenadac lumpf-i, xolo yviTeli –<br />

rogorc wiwi, rodesac me maT vuyureb me meCveneba, rom minda wiwi.”<br />

hansi aRiarebs rom mas eSinoda laincSi klozetSi siarulis imis gamo, rom rodesac<br />

wyali Cairecxeboda es iwvevda saSinel xmaurs. saxlSi es imdenad xmaurianad ar xdeba, magram<br />

mas mainc eSinia.<br />

froidi am monakveTis Sesaxeb Semdegi saxis daskvnas akeTebs. mama zedmet kiTxvebs svams<br />

da gamokvlevas awarmoebs mza gegmis mixedviT imis nacvlad, rom hanss yvelafris gamoTqmis<br />

saSualeba misces. Sedegad analizi gaurkveveli da saeWvoa. hansi Tavisi mimarTuleba aqvs,<br />

rodesac grZnobs rom am mimarTulebis Secvlas cdiloben is Cumdeba. rogorc Cans gaurkveveli<br />

mizezis gamo misi interesi mimarTulia lumpf-sa da wiwi-ze. xmaurTan dakavSirebuli istoria<br />

iseve bundovania rogorc istoria pantalonebis Sesaxeb. froidi fiqrobs rom hansis smenam<br />

moaxdina qalisa da mamakacis moSardvis gansxvaveba. analizma moaxdina masalis xelovnuri<br />

SekumSva da misi dayvana moSardvisa da defekaciis sxvaobamde. froidi aqve aRniSnavs, rom<br />

imaTTvis visac fsiqoanalizi ar ganuxorcielebia ar Rirs detalebis zedmiwevniTi<br />

gaTvaliswineba.<br />

78

aRwerilia hasis kidev erTi fantazia: “me vzivar abazanaSi, modis santeqniki da abazanis<br />

Camoxsnas iwyebs. Semdeg is iRebs did xelsawyos da mucelSi martyams.”<br />

mama am fantazias Semdegnairad xsnis, rom santeqniki TiTon aris, abazanaSi yofna ki<br />

dedasTan loginSi wolasTan aris gaigivebuli.<br />

hansi kidev erT fantazias aRwers: “Cven mivdivarT gmundenSi. gaCerebaze zeda kabis Cacmas<br />

viwyebT, magram ver vaswrebT da matarebels mivyavarT”.<br />

Semdeg mama akavSirebs cxenis vardnas da defekaciis process. cxeni romelic vardeba da<br />

amasTanave did xmaurs gamoscems fexebiT aris lumpf-i, romelic vardnisas aseve did xmaurs<br />

gamoscems (hansi iZaxis rom rodesac cxeni lumpf-s akeTebs es aris iseTive xmauriani procesi<br />

rogorc rodesac lumpf-i qoTanSi vardeba). defekaciis SiSi, gadatvirTuli satvirTos SiSi<br />

gadatvirTuli muclis SiSis Sesabamisia.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom mamisaTvis nel-nela vlindeba sinamdvile.<br />

hansi aRniSnavs rom kargi iqneboda gmundenSi abazana rom yofiliyo.<br />

aRwerilia hansis SiSi did abazanaSi banaobasTan dakavSirebiT. mas ar surs Cawola did<br />

abazanaSi is fexze, an muxlebze dgomiT arCevs banaobas.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom es ukanaskneli sityvebi bolo or fantazias Soris (santeqnikisa<br />

da gmundenSi warumatebeli mgzavrobis Sesaxeb) kavSirs adgenen. bolo fantaziidan gamomdinare<br />

mamam swori daskvna gamoitana, gmundenis mimarT hanss siZulvili aqvs. amave dros aq<br />

warmodgenilia naTeli magaliTi, Tu rogor xdeba aracnobieridan gamomdinare Sinaarsebis<br />

gamorkveva ara winare, aramed momdevno masalaze dayrdnobiT.<br />

meuRle uyveba mamas, rom rodesac hansi iyo aivanze man uTxra dedas: “me megona, rom ana<br />

aivanze iyo da Cavarda”. mama xSirad eubneboda hanss rom miexeda anasTvis aivanze. aq sakmaod<br />

naTlad vlindeba hansis gandevnili survili. deda ekiTxeba mas ra ufro esiamovneboda rom ana<br />

saerTod ar arsebobdes? razec hansi damadastureblad pasuxobs.<br />

ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi anasTan dakavSirebuli Tema aqtualuria. hansi aRniSnavs,<br />

rom ukeTesi iqneboda werosTvis fuli miecaT, rom meti ar moetana bavSvebi didi yuTidan<br />

(froidi aRniSnavs, rom SesaZlebelia es yuTi igive omnibusia)<br />

erTxel hansi svams kiTxvas imis Sesaxeb, aris Tu ara damarxuli adamiani troruaris<br />

qveS, Tu es mxolod sasaflaoebze xdeba? froidi xazs usvams rom mas uCndeba kiTxva ara<br />

marto cxovrebis, aramed sikvdilis saidumloebasTan dakavSirebiTac.<br />

aqve moyvanilia hansis kidev erTi fantazia da aRniSnulia rom ana gaigivebulia lumpf-<br />

Tan: “anam CvenTan erTad imgzavra gmundenSi, is yuTSi iyo. Sen aRar gjera Cemi? es sinamdvilea.<br />

Cven amoviReT didi yuTi, romelic savse iyo bavSvebiT, isini isxdnen iq abazanaSi (am yuTSi<br />

Tavsdeboda abazana). me isini iq Cavsvi. kargad maxsovs es.” aq ukve gamoikveTa is, rom yuTi da<br />

abazana misTvis erTi da igivea da gaigivebulia im sivrcesTan sadac bavSvebi imyofebian.<br />

mama axsenebs mas, rom anam imgzavra oRond kupeSi. hansi aqve xazs usvams, rom is adrec<br />

mgzavrobda maTTan erTad oRond yuTSi”.<br />

mama miuTiTebs, rom yuTi hansisTvis dedis mucelTan aris gaigivebuli.<br />

hansi iwyebs uazro fantazirebas, razec froidi Semdeg daskvnas akeTebs.<br />

es ar aris ubralod uazro fantazia. es aris hansis samagiero mamis mimarT, romelic<br />

daaxloebiT Semdegi Sinaarsisaa: “Tuki Sen SegiZlia ifiqro, rom me mjera weroebis, maSin<br />

rodesac Cven zafxulSi gmundenSi mivdiodiT da me SevamCnie rom dedas didi muceli aqvs, me<br />

viTxov rom Senc exla es uazroba daijero”. misi mtkiceba, rom anam gasul zafxulsac imgzavra<br />

gmundenSi, oRond yuTiT, niSnavs mis gacnobierebulobas dedis orsulobis Sesaxeb. is rom<br />

samomavlodac varaudobs yuTiT mgzavrobas, niSnavs warsulidan aracnobieri azrebis<br />

aRmocenebas, an kidev gansakuTrebul safuZvels SiSisa, rom zafxulis gamgzavrebisaTvis deda<br />

isev orsulad iqneba. aqve gamoikveTa mizezi imisa, Tu ram gaafuWa misi winare mgzavroba<br />

gmundenSi, - es misi meore fantaziidanac ikveTeba.<br />

Semdeg mama esaubreba anasTan dakavSirebiT da vlindeba rom hanss urCevnia rom ana<br />

saerTod ar gaCenliyo. rodesac deda mas abanavebs, hansi swored amitom fiqrobs rom is anas<br />

xels gauSvebs, ana wyalSi Cavardeba da mokvdeba.<br />

mama: “da Semdeg Sen marto darCebi dedasTan? magram karg biWebs amis survili ar aqvT.”<br />

79

hansi: “magram SeuZliaT ase ifiqron”.<br />

mama: “magram es xom cudia?”<br />

hansi: “rodesac isini ase fiqroben es kargia, vinaidan SeiZleba amis Sesaxeb profesors<br />

miweron”.<br />

aRwerilia mamisa da hansis dialogi weros mier anas motanis Sesaxeb. mama cdilobs rom<br />

hansis mxridan anas da lumpf-Tan gaigivebis aRiareba moisminos. froidi eubneba mamas rom hansis<br />

fobia SesaZlebelia iyos dayvanili dis dabadebasTan dakavSirebul azrebsa da survilebamde.<br />

magram aqve froidi ambobs, rom mas gadaaviwyda mieqcia mamis yuradReba imaze, rom infantiluri<br />

seqsualuri Teoriis mixedviT bavSvi aris lumpf-i, ase rom hansma eqskrementaluri komleqsic<br />

unda daZlios. swored amis gamo mkurnalobis droebiTi Seyovneba moxda. am ganmartebis Semdeg<br />

mama cdilobs xelmeored moisminos hansis msjeloba am mniSvnelovani punqtis Sesaxeb.<br />

Semdeg aRwerilia hansis fantaziebi anasTan, werosTan, cxenTan da meetlesTan<br />

dakavSirebiT. hansi ramodenimejer aRniSnavs: “yvelaferi rasac exla giyvebi ar aris simarTle,<br />

yvelaferi xumrobaa”. Semdeg hansi saubrobs imis Sesaxeb rom man cxeni gamoiyvana sajinibodan<br />

imitom, rom misi cema undoda. mama ekiTxeba visi galaxva unda ufro metad, dedis, anasi Tu<br />

mamis? hansi pasuxobs: “dedis”.<br />

Semdeg rodesac isini quCaSi gadian hansi ambobs rom omnibusebi, avejis mzidavi da<br />

naxSiris mzidavi satvirToebi – yvelaferi es weros yuTebia.<br />

es albaT niSnavs imas, rom isini gaigivebulia orsul qalebTan. Cveni saubris winare<br />

sadisturi ltolva etyova garkveul kavSirSia am TemasTan.<br />

diliT hansi kidev erTi fantaziis Sesaxeb yveba: “matarebeli iyo laincSi, laincis<br />

bebiasTan erTad sabaJoSi gavemgzavre. Sen jer kidev ar Caxvedi xididan, xolo meore<br />

matarebeli ukve san-uatSi iyo. rodesac Sen Caxvedi, matarebeli ukve mosuli iyo da Cven<br />

vagonSi SevediT.”<br />

(hansma moaxdina Tavisi gaqcevis fantaziis cvlileba da gamovida ise, rom Cven oriveni<br />

wavediT matarebliT. es fntazia ukavSirdeba gmundenSi warumatebeli vizitis fantazias).<br />

sadilis Semdeg hansi da mama saxlis win arian. rodesac maT wyvili ekipaJi Cauvlis,<br />

hansi saxlSi Serbis moulodnelad. mama ekiTxeba Tu ra mouvida. hansi pasuxobs rom cxenebi<br />

imdenad amayebi iyvnen rom mas SeeSinda.<br />

mama ekiTxeba vin aris aseTi amayi?<br />

hansi: “Sen, rodesac me dedasTan loginSi wasvla minda”.<br />

mama: “e. i. Sen ginda rom me waviqce?”<br />

hansi: “rom Sen SiSvelma (is gulisxmobda fexSiSvelma, rogorc Tavis droze frici)<br />

fexi wamokra qvas, wamogivides sisxli. me SevZlebdi cota xniT mainc dedasTan darCenas.<br />

rodesac Sen Semoxval me gaviqcevi, rom Sen es ar dainaxo”.<br />

mama: “SegiZlia gaixseno vin waiqca?”<br />

hansi: “frici.”<br />

mama: “ras fiqrobdi rodesac frici waiqca?”<br />

hansi: “rom Sen wamokra fexi qvas da waiqce.”<br />

mama: “Zalian gindoda dedasTan?”<br />

hansi: “ho”.<br />

mama: “rogor fiqrob ratom vCxubob?”<br />

hansi: “ar vici!!!”<br />

mama: “ratom?”<br />

hansi: “imitom rom eWvianob”.<br />

mama: “es xom ar aris marTali”.<br />

hansi: “Sen eWvianob me es vici, es marTali unda iyos”.<br />

mama Tvlis rom cxenis gabrazebis, galaxvis da misTvis yvirilis survili dedas ki ar<br />

ukavSirdeba, aramed TviT mas (mamas). hansma maSin dedaze miuTiTa, vinaidan ver gabeda sxva<br />

raimes aRiareba.<br />

froids ki Tavis mxriv gamoaqvs daskvna, rom hansis cxenis gabrazebis survili ormagia<br />

da Semdgaria dedisadmi bneli sadisturi grZnobisa da mamisadmi samagieros mizRvevis<br />

80

gaurkveveli grZnobisagan. es ukanaskneli ver iqneboda reproducirebuli ufro adre, sanam<br />

orsulobis kompleqsTan dakavSirebiT pirvelis jeri ar dadga. fobiis warmoqmnisas aracnobieri<br />

azrebis Sededebis process aqvs adgili; amitomac <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> gzebi ver moaxdenen nevrozis<br />

ganviTarebis gzebis ganmeorebas.<br />

“22 aprili. dRes diliT hansma isev raRac ifiqra”. “erTi quCis biWi mgzavrobda vagonSi.<br />

movida gamcilebeli, gaaSiSvla biWi da datova iq dilamde, dilas biWma gamcilebels 50000<br />

guldeni gadauxada, rom mas neba mieca emgzavra am vagoniT”.<br />

aRsaniSnavia rom hansis fantazia “gadaadgilebis niSnebTan aris dakavSirebuli” da<br />

erTgvari Tanmimdevrobis dacviT cxenidan rkinigzisaken gadainacvlebs. quCis nebismier SiSs<br />

uerTdeba rkinigzis SiSic.<br />

aRwerilia hansis TamaSi TojinasTan. mTeli dila hansi eTmaSeboda Tojinas, romelsac<br />

gretas eZaxis. im xvrelSi sadac adre sastveni iyo, man dana SearWo, Semdeg ki imisaTvis rom<br />

dana amoeRo Tojinas fexebi moaglija. Semdeg Sesabamis adgilze miTiTebiT ZiZas uTxra: “Sexede<br />

aq wiwimacher-ia”.<br />

mamisa da hansis dialogi exeba weros da bavSvebis gaCenas. Semdeg mama cvlis saubris<br />

Temas da ekiTxeba hanss xvdeba Tu ara saidan Cndebian wiwilebi? Semdeg hansi fantaziorobs<br />

imasTan dakavSirebiT rom gmundenSi kvercxi dado.<br />

froidi ambobs, rom hansma analizis msvleloba xelT moigdo, vinaidan mSoblebi<br />

ayovnebdnen saWiro ganmartebebis micemas. is TiTqos eubneba maT: “SexedeT, ai ase warmomidgenia<br />

me dabadeba”.<br />

hansi esaubreba mamas TojinasTan TamaSis Sesaxeb. dialogSi SesamCnevia rom hansi ukve<br />

xvdeba bavSvebis dabadebisa da seqsualuri urTierTobebis Sinaarss.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom bavSvi seqsualuri urTierTobebis arsebiT nawils bolomde ver<br />

xvdeba, sanam qaluri genitaliebi misTvis dafarulia.<br />

24 aprils mSoblebi axerxeben hansisaTvis bavSvebis gaCenis ganmartebas.<br />

sadilis Semdeg isini saxlis win zian. hansis mdgomareoba SesamCnevad gaumjobesda,<br />

mxolod is garemoeba, rom hansi ver bedavs WiSkridan CamoSorebas misi SiSis narCenebze<br />

metyvelebs.<br />

hansisa da mamis saubari fricis cxvars exeba. Semdeg mama ekiTxeba hanss surs Tu ara rom<br />

mamis adgilze iyos. razec hansi dasturad pasuxobs. magram Tu ras gaakeTebda dedasTan amasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT hansi verafers ver ambobs. is xazs usvams rom kargi mama iqneboda da yoveldRe<br />

waiyvanda mamas (romelic hansi iqneboda) laincSi.<br />

mama ekiTxeba SeuZlia Tu ara hanss gaixsenos rogor gaaCina Zroxam xbo gmundenSi. hansi<br />

erTmaneTis gamomricxav pasuxebs iZleva. erTis mxriv is ambobs rom xbo urmiT moiyvanes (rac<br />

etyoba mas gmundenSi uTxres), meores mxriv ki iZaxis rom Zroxam igi ukanalidan gamouSva.<br />

hansi orWofobs xbos gaCenasTan dakavSirebiT, is ambobs rom diliT uremi dainaxa.<br />

Semdeg is gadawyvets am problemas imiT, rom xbos gaCenas mowmes mouZebnis, es aris<br />

gmundenis saxlis maspinZeli.<br />

aRwerilia hansisa da mamis dialogi bavSvebis yolasTan dakaSirebiT. mama sabolood<br />

ekiTxeba hanss surs Tu ara mas deda iyos misi coli. hansi mas udasturebs amas.<br />

gmundenidan dabrunebis Semdeg hansi xSirad fantaziorobs rom bavSvebi yavs. vinaidan<br />

yvelaze bednieri is dedasTan yofnisas iyo rogorc bavSvi, amitom TviTonac uCndeba dedobis<br />

survili.<br />

rodesac mama ekiTxeba mas ratom unda ase Zalian rom yavdes Svilebi. hansi pasuxobs<br />

sruliad urTierTgamomricxav raimes:<br />

“ratom? imitom rom me ise minda myavdes Svilebi, magram me es ar msurs, me ar minda<br />

myavdes isini”.<br />

es fantaziasa da realobas Soris sxvaobis msgavsi urTierTgamomricxavi ram aris. man<br />

icis rom sxva bavSvebi xels SeuSlian, magram amave dros surs rom is mofereba romelic<br />

bavSvobis asakSi ganucdia aseve sxvisadmi mimarTebaSi gaimeoros.<br />

81

hansi yveba Tavisi Svilebis Sesaxeb. aseve asaxelebs vinme lodis, romelic mamis azriT ar<br />

arsebuli pirovnebaa. froidi aRniSnavs, rom SesaZlebelia hansi sadme Sexvda lodis da Semdeg<br />

igi qalis ideals miamsgavs (dedas). mama ekiTxeba esaubreba Tu ara igi Svilebs.<br />

hansi: “Tu yvela bavSvi ar wveboda loginSi, zogierTs taxtze vawvendi, zogs ki sabavSvo<br />

etlSi. Tu kidev rCebodnen bavSvebi, me isini sxvenze mimyavda da yuTSi vawvendi; iq kidev iyvnen<br />

bavSvebi da me isini yuTSi Cavawvine”.<br />

hansi iZaxis rom bavSvebi mas anas gaCenis Semdeg yavs. rodesac mama ekiTxeba Tu visgan<br />

yavs mas Svilebi. hansi pasuxobs: “Cemgan”.<br />

froidi xazs usvams rom autoerotizmis gaTvaliswinebiT sxva pasuxi arc iyo<br />

mosalodneli.<br />

mama hanss ekiTxeba rodesac is lumpf-s akeTebda xom ar fiqrobda rom bavSvi uCndeba.<br />

hansi dasturad pasuxobs.<br />

SiSma TiTqmis sruliad ganvlo. hansi ubralod cdilobs saxlTan axlos darCes, rom<br />

SeSinebis SemTxvevaSi dabrunebis SesaZlebloba qondes. magram is ar Semorbis saxlSi, is quCaSi<br />

rCeba. misi avadmyofoba daiwyo mas Semdeg rodesac is tiriliT dabrunda gaseirnebidan, xolo<br />

rodesac is meorejer waiyvanes gasaseirneblad is mxolod “sabaJos” sadguramde mivida, saidanac<br />

jer kidev moCans Cveni saxli. dedis mSobiarobis dros is ra Tqma unda misgan moSorebuli iyo<br />

da amJamindeli SiSi, romelic mas xels uSlis saxlisagan Sors wasvlaSi, dedisadmi maSindeli<br />

dardis Sesatyvisia.<br />

30 aprils hansi isev eTamaSeba Tavis warmosaxul Svilebs. mama eubneba: “rogor arian<br />

Seni Svilebi? Sen xom ici, rom biWs ar SeuZlia bavSvebi yavdes”.<br />

hansi: “vici. adre me deda viyavi, exla ki mama var”.<br />

mama: “vin aris am bavSvebis deda?”<br />

hansa: “deda, Sen ki babua xar”.<br />

mama: “e. i. Sen ginda rom iyo didi, gyavdes colad deda da rom mas yavdes Svilebi?”<br />

hansi: “ho, minda. is, romelic laincSia (bebia) iqneboda bebia”.<br />

yvelaferi Zalian kargad sruldeba. patara oidiposma ufro bednieri gadawyveta moZebna,<br />

vidre es bedisweriT iyo ganpirobebuli. is mamas usurvebs imave bednierebas, rasac sakuTar<br />

Tavs, amitom mamas babuad aqcevs da sakuTar dedaze daaqorwinebs.<br />

hansi aRwers kidev erT fantazias. is eubneba mamas:<br />

“sadilamde me Cems SvilebTan erTad viyavi klozetSi. iq gavakeTe lumpf-i da wiwi-i, isini<br />

miyurebdnen, Semdeg bavSvebmac gakeTes lumpf-i da wiwi-i, me maT qaRaldiT gavuwminde. ici<br />

ratom? imitom rom me minda myavdes bavSvebi. me maT yvelafers gavukeTebdi.”<br />

am fantaziis Semdeg ukve zedmetia eWvis Setana hansis eqskrementalur funqciebTan<br />

dakavSirebul siamovnebaze.<br />

hansi fantaziorobs imasTan dakavSirebiT rom movida santeqniki da brtyeltuCaTi waarTva<br />

mas ukanali da Semdeg wiwimacher-i. mamamisi am fantazia-survilis azrs xvdeba da ekiTxeba<br />

hanss: “man ufro didi wiwimacher-i da ukanali mogca?”<br />

hansi: “ho!”<br />

hanss unda iyos iseTive rogoric aris mama, qondes iseTive ulvaSi da Tma.<br />

hansis winare fantazia abazanasTan dakavSirebiT am fantaziis identuria. aqve ixsneba<br />

hansis didi abazanebisadmi SiSis axleburi midgomac. mas ar siamovnebs rom misi ukanali<br />

zedmetad pataraa did abazanasTan SedarebiT.<br />

erTi kviris Semdeg mamis mier gakeTeuli danamati.<br />

“Zvirfaso profesoro! minda hansis istorias danamati gavukeTo.<br />

1pirveli gankurnebis Semdeg hansi modioda saseirnod, magram ZaldatanebiT da sakmaod<br />

SeSinebuli. erTxel is mxolod sadgur “sabaJomde” gamomyva, saidanac Cveni saxli<br />

moCans, Semdeg ki aRar moisurva wamosvla.<br />

82

2rac Seexeba sityvebs Jolos wveni da Tofi. Jolos wvens hanss aZleven Sekrulobis<br />

SemTxvevaSi. sityva Tofi hanss gaigivebuli aqvs kuWSi gasvlasTan (gemanulad es ori<br />

sityva gavs erTmaneTs).<br />

3rodesac hansi Cveni saZineblidan sxva oTaxSi gadaiyvanes is 4 wlis iyo.<br />

4avadmyofobis kvali jer kidev darCa, magram ara SiSis, aramed kiTxvebisadmi<br />

sruliad Cveulebrivi daJinebulobis saxiT. es kiTxvebi ZiriTadad exeba imas Tu<br />

risgan aris damzadebuli gansxvavebuli sagnebi (tramvaebi, manqanebi da a. S.)<br />

kiTxvebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia is, rom miuxedvad TavisTvis arsebuli mza pasuxebisa,<br />

hansi mainc kiTxulobs. mas surs darwmuneba. rodesac man mama SeaRona Tavisi<br />

kiTxvebiT da ukanasknelma kiTxa: “Sen ggonia, rom me yvela kiTxvaze maqvs mza pasuxi?”<br />

hansi eubneba: “me megona rom Sen esec icodi raxan cxenis Sesaxeb yvelaferi ici”.<br />

5Tavis avadmyofobaze hansi saubrobs rogorc warsulze: “maSin, rodesac me sisulele<br />

mqonda”.<br />

6erTi gadauwyveteli sakiTxia is, rom hansi Tavs imtvrevs imasTan dakavSirebiT Tu<br />

ras akeTebs mama, Tuki bavSvs deda aCens. es Cans misi kiTxvebidan. xom marTalia rom me<br />

Senc gekuTvni da ara mxolod dedas.<br />

7aseve aqve SeiZleba davamatoT, rom hansis ukanaskneli fantaziidan gamomdinare moxda<br />

kastraciis SiSis daZleva, amasTanave damqancveli molodini gaumjobesebis imedSi<br />

gadaizarda. modis eqimi, santeqniki, arTmevs mas peniss, magram mxolod imisaTvis, rom<br />

Semdeg ufro didi daubrunos.<br />

rac Seexeba danarCens, umjobesia patara mkvlevarma naadrevad SeiZinos gamocdileba da<br />

icodes rom SeZenili codna aris mxolod da mxolod kidev erTi safexuri da rom yovelTvis<br />

rCeba gadauwyveteli sakiTxebic.<br />

masaTa fsiqologia da adamianis “mes” analizi<br />

I <strong>Sesavali</strong><br />

adamianis fsiqologiur cxovrebaSi yovelTvis arsebobs vinme “sxva”. is<br />

rogorc wesi warmoadgens magaliTs, obieqts, damxmares an mowinaaRmdeges, swored<br />

amitomac pirovnebis fsiqologia dasabamidanve warmoadgens socialur<br />

fsiqologiasac, farTe magram sarwmuno TvalsazrisiT.<br />

calkeuli pirovnebis damokidebuleba misi mSoblebis mimarT, misi<br />

siyvarulis obieqtisadmi, maswavleblisadmi da aseve misi eqimisadmi, yvela es<br />

urTierToba rac aqamde mxolod fsiqoanalitikuri kvlevis sagans warmoadgenda,<br />

sruliad uflebamosilad SesaZloa CaiTvalos socialur fenomenebad da<br />

upirispirdebian sxva cnobil procesebs, Cvens mier narcisistul procesebad<br />

wodebuli procesebi igulisxmeba, rodesac pirveladi ltolvebis dakmayofileba<br />

uaryofilia an xdeba gadatana.<br />

zemoT xsenebuli urTierTobebis SemTxvevaSi, mSoblebisadmi, ojaxis sxva<br />

wevrebisadmi, Seyvarebulisadmi, megobrisadmi da a. S. calkeuli pirovneba mxolod<br />

erTi an ramodenime pirovnebis gavlenas ganicdis, am ramodenime adamianidan<br />

TiToeuli misTvis gansakuTrebul faseulobas warmoadgens.<br />

masobrivi fsiqologia adamians ganixilavs rogorc Temis wevrs, romelic<br />

garkveul drosa da garkveuli mizezis gamo masaSi organizebas ganicdis.<br />

masobrivi fsiqologia mkvlevarisaTvis mraval problemas warmoaCens<br />

romlebic jer kidev ar arian sistematizirebuli.<br />

II le boni da masobrivi suliskveTebis miseuli daxasiaTeba<br />

fsiqologiis kvlevis sagans pirovnebis Seswavlis Semdgom warmoadgens<br />

brboSi adamianis sruliad moulodneli da sapirispiro qcevis Seswavla da axsna.<br />

brbos “fsiqologiuri masis” Tviseba aqvs SeZenili. magram ras warmoadgens TviT<br />

83

masa? riTi axdens is zegavlenas adamianis cxovrebaze da raSi mdgomareobs is<br />

sulieri cvlileba, romelic axasiaTebs adamians misi (masis) zegavlenis gamo?<br />

le bonis sityvebiT, “yvelaze ucnauri ram fsiqologiur masaSi aris is, rom<br />

miuxedavad imisa Tu rogori tipis individebi Seadgenen masas, emsgasebian isini<br />

erTmaneTs Tu ara inteligentobis doniT, xasiaTiT, cxovrebis niriT da a. S.<br />

rodesac isini masad gardaiqmnebian, isini iZenen koleqtiur suliskveTebas. am<br />

suliskveTebis safuZvelze, isini sruliad gansxvavebulad grZnoben, fiqroben da<br />

iqcevian, vidre calkeuli mdgomareobis SemTxvevaSi. arsebobs iseTi ideebi da<br />

grZnobebi, romelic mxolod im SemTxvevaSi vlindebian an xdeba maTi amoqmedeba,<br />

Tuki individi masasTan aris gaerTianebuli.<br />

“martivia masasTan gaerTianebuli individis gansxvaveba izolirebul<br />

individTan, ufro rTulia am sxvaobis mizezebis gamokveTa. am SemTxvevaSi ukve<br />

didi mniSvneloba eniWeba aracnobier fenomenebs. Cveni qmedebebis umravlesoba<br />

dafaruli, CvenTvis SeumCneveli motivebis zemoqmedebas warmoadgenen.<br />

le bonis azriT masaSi ikargeba calkeuli adamianebis minaRwevarida aqedan<br />

gamomdinare maTi Taviseburebac. rasobrivi sawyisi win wamoiweva, heterogenuli<br />

homogenurSi iZireba. heterogenuloba – zogadad, ganszvavebuloba,<br />

gamoiyeneba jgufebis, monacemebis, cvladebisa da a. S. aRsaniSnavad.<br />

romlebic instanciebs Soris mkveTr sxvaobas aCveneben. homogenuroba –<br />

zogadad, msgavseba, igiveoba. gamoiyeneba gansxvavebul SemTxvevebSi,<br />

jgufis, sagnebis, monacemebis da a. S. aRsaniSnavad. termini aRniSnavs<br />

imas, rom nagulisxmevi sagnebi ar gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan<br />

arsebiTad da mniSvnelobis mxriv.<br />

amgvarad SesaZlebelia aRmocenebuliyo masobrivi individebis Sualeduri,<br />

saSualo xasiaTi. le boni Tvlis rom am individebs aseve gaaCniaT kidev sxva<br />

axali Tvisebebic, romelTac isini ar flobdnen adre da amis mizezs igi sam<br />

gansxvavebul momentSi aRmoaCens.<br />

“pirveli mizezia is, rom simravlidan gamomdinare, individi simZlavrisa da<br />

Zlierebis SegrZnebas eufleba, romelic masSi pirvelad ltolvebs aRZravs.<br />

martoobis SemTxvevaSi is iZulebuli iqneboda es ltolvebi daeZlia. anonimurobis<br />

SenarCunebis SesaZleblobidan gamomdinare pasuxismgeblobis SegrZneba sruliad<br />

qreba, romelic individs akavebs yovelTvis.” yovelTvis iyo aRniSnuli is rom<br />

egreT wodebuli sindisis marcvals, “socialuri SiSi” warmoadgens.<br />

“meore mizezia – is rom gadamdebia, es xels uwyobs masebSi gansakuTrebuli<br />

niSanTvisebebis warmoqmnas da maTi mimarTulebis gansazRvras. gadamdeboba aris<br />

advilad gadmosacemi, magram auxsneli fenomeni, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

mikuTvnebuli hipnoturi saxis fenomenebisadmi. mesame mizezia STagonebadoba, rac<br />

Seexeba gadamdebobis moments is mxolod da mxolod mis Sedegs warmoadgens.”<br />

froids moyvanili aqvs hipnotirebis magaliTi, rom adamiani sruliad<br />

emorCileba im pirovnebas romelic mas cnobierebas arTmevs. swored aseTia im<br />

individis mdgomareobac, romelic fsiqologiur masas ganekuTvneba. is aRar<br />

acnobierebs sakuTar qmedebebs.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare masaSi myofi individis ganmasxvavebeli maxasiaTebelebia<br />

Semdegi saxis: cnobieri pirovnebis gaqroba, aracnobieri pirovnebis upiratesoba,<br />

STagonebadobis da gadamdebobis Sedegad azrTa da grZnobaTa orientacia erTsa<br />

da imave mimarTulebiT., STagonebuli ideebis dauyovnebeli ganxorcielebis<br />

tendencia. individi aRar warmoadgens pirovnebas, is ukve avtomatia.<br />

froidi cdilobs moaxdinos gadamdebobisa da STagonebadobis gansxvavebas.<br />

gadamdeboba ufro metad urTierTzemoqmedebas, masis calkeuli wevrebis mier<br />

erTmaneTze moxdenil gavlenas warmoadgens, xolo STagonebadobis movlena<br />

hipnozis zegavlenas ufro waagavs – zegavlenas romelic gansxvavebuli wyarodan<br />

momdinareobs. am SemTxvevaSi le bons ar yavs dasaxelebuli is pirovneba romelic<br />

axdens hipnotur zegavlenas masaze. is ubralod ansxvavebs maT.<br />

84

“garda amisa, adamiani organizebuli masisadmi mikuTvnebulobis faqtidan<br />

gamomdinare civilizaciis ramodenime safexuriT qveviT gadainacvlebs. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi amoqmeddeba pirveladi ltolvebi. mas gaaCnia spontanuroba, veluroba,<br />

aseve enTuziazmica da primitiuli arsebebisaTvis damaxasiaTebli gmirobac ki.”<br />

le boni TiTonve amtkicebs primitiuli adamianisa da bavSvis sulieri<br />

cxovrebis msgavsebis faqts.<br />

masa impulsuria, cvalebadi da aRgznebadic. aracnobieri TiTqmis sruliad<br />

xelmZRvanelobs am SemTxvevaSi. impulsebi SesaZloa gansxvavebuli xasiaTis iyvnen,<br />

Tumca yvela SemTxvevaSi isini mbrZanebluri saxis arian, imdenad rom ar aZleven<br />

saSualebas ara mxolod piradi interesis aramed TviTgadarCenis instinqtis<br />

amoqmedebasac ki. nebisyofis mdgradoba sustia. masis SigniT myof individs uqreba<br />

SeuZlebelis cneba.<br />

masa advilad eqvemdebareba zegavlenas, is ar aris kritikuli, misTvis ar<br />

arsebobs raime arasarwmuno. misi azrovneba umyareba asociaciuri kavSirebiT<br />

warmoebul iersaxeebs, rac damaxasiaTebelia calkeuli adamianisaTvis<br />

fantazirebis mdgomareobaSi / SemTxvevaSi.<br />

masisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia ukiduresobamde misvla, gamoTqmuli daeWveba,<br />

umalve uryev WeSmaritebad iqceva, antipatiis marcvali ki dauokebel siZulvilad<br />

gadaiqceva.<br />

Tavisi gmirisagan masa siZlieres da Zaladobasac ki moiTxovs. mas surs rom<br />

is vinmes mflobelobis qveS iyos, mas surs Tavisi batonis eSinodes. safuZvelSi<br />

is konservatulia, mas Rrma siZulvili aqvs yovelgvari siaxlisa da progresis<br />

mimarT da is eTayvaneba tradiciebs.<br />

aseve SeiZleba aRiniSnos calkeuli individis zneobrivi sawyisis amaRleba<br />

masis zegavleniT. Tumca masis inteleqtualuri miRwevebi yovelTvis mcirea<br />

calkeuli individis minaRwevarebTan SedaebiT.<br />

kidev sxva daxasiaTebebi le bonis mixedviT saSualebas aZleven froids<br />

gaaigivos masis suliskveTeba primitiuli adamianis suliskveTebasTan.<br />

SesaZlebelia rom masebSi arsebobdnen da SeTanxmebuli iyvnen sruliad<br />

sapirispiro ideebi da maTi logikuri dapirispirebulobis miuxedavad mainc ar<br />

aRmocendes konfliqti. msgavsi ram aris SesamCnevi calkeuli pirebis aracnobier<br />

sulier cxovrebaSi, bavSvebTan da nevrotikebTan, rac ukve damtkicebulia<br />

fsiqoanaliziT.<br />

masebisaTvis arasodes ar iyo Cveuli WeSmaritebis wyurvili. maTTvis<br />

sruliad aucilebelia iluziebi, romelTa gareSec isini ver arseboben.<br />

le bonis ganmartebis mixedviT masa aris damjeri fara, romelsac sWirdeba<br />

batoni. masSi imdenad Warbobs morCilebis wyurvili, rom is emorCileba nebismiers,<br />

vinc ki ganacxadebs Tavs batonad.<br />

kidev erTi idumali Zalaufleba romelsac aRniSnavs le boni aris<br />

“prestiJi”. prestiJi TavisTavad Taviseburi batonobis formaa, romelic gaaCnia<br />

individs, qmedebas an raime ideas.<br />

le boni ganasxvavebs SeZenil, xelovnur an pirad prestiJs. TiToeuli<br />

prestiJi damokidebulia warmatebaze da isikargeba warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

III koleqtiuri sulieri cxovrebis sxva Sefasebebi<br />

froidi wers rom le bonis arc erTi mtkiceba ar warmoadgens siaxles. is<br />

ori Tezisi, romelic moicavs le bonis yvelze mniSvnelovan mosazrebebs, kerZod<br />

is faqti, rom koleqtiuri inteleqtualuri moRvaweoba ferxdeba da masaSi<br />

afeqturoba ganicdis amaRlebas, es mosazrebebi jer kidev zigeles mier iyo<br />

formulirebuli. piradad le bonis mosazrebas warmoadgens misi Sexeduleba<br />

aracnobierze da Sedareba pirvelyofili adamianebis sulier cxovrebasTan. Tumca<br />

am TemasTan dakavSirebiTac manamde mravali mosazreba iyo gamoTqmuli.<br />

85

Tumca ara mxolod negatiuri Tvisebebi iyo aRniSnuli – “izolirebuli<br />

individisaTvis piradi sargebeli erTaderT biZgis momniWebel mizezs warmoadgens,<br />

maSin rodesac masisaTvis is iSviaT SemTxvevaSi aris mastimulirebeli.”<br />

rac Seexeba masis inteleqtualur SesaZleblobebs, am SemTxvevaSic masas<br />

gaaCnia garkveuli SesaZleblobebi. amis dasturia Tundac xalxuri Semoqmedeba,<br />

folklori da sxva. garda amisa, jer kidev ar aris cnobili Tu ramdenad mZlavria<br />

poetisaTvis an moazrovnesaTvis masisagan miRebuli stimulebi da warmoadgens Tu<br />

ara is am masis sulieri Semoqmedebis damagvirgvinebels / damasrulebels.<br />

zigelesa da le bonis monacemebi miekuTvneba moklevadiani saxis masebs,<br />

romlebic swrafad warmoiqmnebian da gaaCniaT erTiani interesi. amis sapirispiro<br />

mtkicebebi aris mocemuli im mdgradi masebis Sefasebidan gamomdinare, romlebSic<br />

adamianebi cxovroben da romlebic sazogadoebriv dawesebulebebSi arian<br />

gardasaxuli. pirveli saxis masebi meore saxis masebis zednaSens warmoadgenen, am<br />

SemTxvevaSi froids zRvisa da talRebis magaliTi moaqvs metaforis saxiT.<br />

mas dugalis naSromis “The Group Mind” mixedviT, SemTxveviT Sekrebil<br />

adamianebs Soris masis fsiqologiuri maxasiaTeblebi rom aRmocendes<br />

aucilebelia piroba imisaTvis, rom am erTeulebs raime akavSirebdes: saerTo<br />

interesi erTi obieqtisadmi, am situaciis Sesabamisi sulieri momarTuloba,<br />

urTierTzemoqmedebis garkveuli done.<br />

mak dugali xazs usvams masis umniSvnelovanes da amave dros ucnaur<br />

fenomens, romelic gamoixateba afeqturobis amaRlebaSi.<br />

mas dugalic ar uaryofs im Teziss, romlis Tanaxmadac masebis inteleqti<br />

koleqtiurad klebulobs. is ambobs, rom SedarebiT umniSvnelo inteleqtebs<br />

maRali inteleqti Tavis doneze dayavT. es gamowveulia imiT, rom ukanasknelis<br />

qmediTunarianoba daqveiTebulia afeqturobis matebidan gamomdinare, rac<br />

araxelsayrel pirobebs qmnis sulieri moRvaweobisaTvis; aseve gavlena gaaCnia im<br />

faqtsac rom calkeuli adamiani SeSinebulia masiT da misi gonebrivi muSaoba ar<br />

aris Tavisufali da damoukidebeli. amave dros masaSi klebulobs calkeuli<br />

adamianis pasuxismgeblobis SegrZneba Tavis qmedebebTan dakavSirebiT.<br />

vinaidan mak dugali upirispirebs maRalorganizebuli masis moqmedebas zemoT<br />

aRwerili masis magaliTs, is gamoyofs xuT “principal conditions” (principul /<br />

Zireul pirobas) masis sulieri cxovrebis ufro maRal safexurze gadasvlisaTvis.<br />

pirveli ZiriTadi piroba aris – masis Semadgenlobis mdgradobis garkveuli<br />

done. SesaZlebelia materialuri an formaluri.<br />

meore pirobaa is, rom calkeulma adamianma masis arsis, funqciebis,<br />

miRwevebisa da moTxovnilebebis Sesaxeb warmodgena Seiqmnas, imisaTvis rom mas<br />

Camouyalibdes masis mimarT rogorc erTi mTlianis mimarT garkveuli saxis<br />

emociuri damokidebuleba.<br />

mesame – masa unda Sevides garkveul urTierTobaSi misi Sesaferis masebTan,<br />

SesaZloa es iyo konkurentuli damokidebulebac ki.<br />

meoTxe – masaSi unda arsebobdes tradiciebi, adapt-wesebi da garkveuli<br />

wesebi, gansakuTrebiT iseTi wesebi romelic exeba masis SigniT myofi adamianebis<br />

urTierTobebs.<br />

mexuTe – masaSi unda arsebobdes qveganyofilebebi, romelic gamoixateba<br />

TiToeuli adamianis soecializaciasa da samuSaos doferenciaciaSi.<br />

mas dugalis mixedviT am elementebis arseboba xels uwyobs masis<br />

warmonaqmnis fsiqikuri defeqtebis CamoSorebas.<br />

IV STagonebadoba da libido<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom mxolod racionaluri momentebis arseboba, rogorc<br />

zemoT iyo aRniSnuli masis SiSi ar amowuravs masis fenomenis axsnas.<br />

sociologiisa da masobrivi fsiqologiis avtorebi gvTavazoben erTsa da<br />

imave axsna-ganmartebas, Tumca is gansxvavebulad aris xolme formulirebuli.<br />

86

kerZod magiuri sityva “STagonebadoba”. Tardis mixedviT ki “mimbaZveloba”. mak<br />

dugali aRniSnavs rom mimbaZveloba swored STagonebis cnebaSi Sedis da mxolod<br />

da mxolod mis Sedegs warmoadgens. le boni yvela gaugebar moments or faqtors<br />

miawers, individTa urTierTzegavlenas da beladis prestiJs. Tumca aseve prestiJic<br />

vlindeba swored STagonebis ganvrcobis unaridan gamomdinare.<br />

froidi masobrivi fsiqologiis garkvevis mcdelobas libidos cnebis<br />

gamoyenebiT cdilobs. libido aris termini afeqturobis sferos swavlebidan. am<br />

pirveladi ltolvebis energies froidi ukavSirebs yvelafers rac ki siyvarulis<br />

cnebas ukavSirdeba.<br />

siyvarulis pirvelad ltolvebs fsiqoanalizi uwodebs pirvelad seqsualur<br />

ltolvebs. froidi amtkicebs, rom is vinc seqsualobaSi xedavs raime umsgavsoebas<br />

da damamcirebels, Tavisufalia ufro aristokratuli cnebebis gamoyenebisaTvis –<br />

erosi an erotica. froidi iZaxis rom mas TiTonac SeeZlo aseve moqceuliyo Tavi<br />

rom daeRwia masobrivi kritikisagan. magram is Tvlis rom SesaZloa erTi daTmoba<br />

mere kidev sxva daTmobas iwvevdes da ase SesaZloa sruliad Sedegi yofiliyo<br />

saxeze. aqedan gamomdinare is iyvenebs im winapirobas, rom sasiyvarulo<br />

urTierTobebi (Tuki upirovnod iqneba formulirebuli – emociuri kavSirebi) aseve<br />

masis sulis arss warmoadgenen. pirvel yovlisa froidi gamoyofs im Zalas<br />

romelic aerToanebs masebs. is kiTxvas svams imasTan dakavSirebiT Tu romeli Zala<br />

unda iyos is Tu ara erosisa, romelic yovelives aerTianebs dedamiwaze? aseve<br />

rodesac individi kargavs Tavis pirovnulobas, da aerTianebs sakuTar mosazrebas<br />

masobrivTan, masis mxridan es interpretirebulia rogorc SesaZlo siyvarulidan<br />

gamomdinare qmedeba – im siyvarulidan romelic am individs masis mimarT gaaCnia.<br />

V ori xelovnuri masa: eklesia da jari<br />

froidi ixsenebs masebis morfologiidan rom arsebobs gansxvavebuli<br />

saxeobebi masebis, aseve masebis ganviTarebis sapirispiro mimarTulebebi. arseboben<br />

sakmaod denadi da mdgradi masebic; homogenuri – msgavsi individebisagan Semdgari<br />

da ara homogenuri; xelovnuri da bunebrivi, xelovnurs am SemTxvevaSi<br />

SekrulobisaTvis esaWiroeba garegani iZuleba / impulsi.<br />

froidi ganixilavs or xelovnur masas – eklesiasa da jars, romelTa<br />

SemTxvevaSic aucilebelia garegani iZuleba, imisaTvis rom maTi daSla ar moxdes<br />

da maTi struqtura ar iyos Secvlili. Cveulebriv aravis ar ekiTxebian aqvs Tu<br />

ara mas survili iyos am masis wevri; xolo Tavis daRwevis mcdeloba mkacrad<br />

idevneba an ukavSirdeba sruliad gansazRvrul pirobebs.<br />

froidis mosazrebiT orive am masis erTianobas ganapirobebs iluziis<br />

arseboba, rom arsebobs uzenaesi mflobeli, romelic masis TiToeuli wevri<br />

Tanabrad uyvars – eklesiis SemTxvevaSi es aris qriste, xolo jaris SemTxvevaSi<br />

mTavarsardali. froidi iZleva axsna ganmartebas Tanabaruflebiani siyvarulis<br />

Sesaxeb eklesiisa da jaris SemTxvevebSi. Tumca is ganasxvavebs struqturas, jari<br />

gansxvavdeba eklesiisagan imiT rom safexureobrivi masebis struqturisagan<br />

Sedgeba.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom samxedro nevrozebis umetesoba ramac germanuli<br />

jaris ngreva ganapiroba, gamowveuli iyo im rolisadmi protestis gamo romelic<br />

miniWebuli qonda individs jarSi. zimelis mtkicebidan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia<br />

davaskvnaT, rom avadmyofobis gamomwvevi mizezebidan yvelaze xSiri iyo<br />

mTavarsardalis xisti damokidebuleba Tavisi qveSevrdomis mimarT.<br />

froidi isev amtkicebs rom masis arss warmoadgenen misi libidonozuri<br />

kavSirebi, amis magaliTia Tundac panikis fenomeni, romelic warmoadgens masis<br />

daSlis Sedegs. am SemTxvevaSi SiSi imdenad aris gaZlierebuli rom faravs<br />

yvelanairi kavSirebis mniSvnelobas.<br />

Tuki panikuri SiSis SemTxvevaSi calkeuli individi mxolod sakuTar Tavze<br />

zrunvas iwyebs, amiT is adasturebs im faqts rom is afeqturi kavSirebi, romlebic<br />

87

misTvis mniSvnelobis mqone iyo aqamde da rac amcirebda saSiSroebis SegrZnebas,<br />

amJamad ukve kargaven sazriss. am viTarebis arsi aris is rom masis libidonozuri<br />

struqtura sustdeba panikuri SiSidan gamomdinare da libidonozuri kavSirebi<br />

iRupebian / wydebian.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom Tuki daveTanxmebiT mak dugals, romelic panikas<br />

ganixilavs rogorc “group mind”-is yvelaze mkveTr Sedegebs, maSin saxezea<br />

paradoqsi imisa, rom masobrivi suli erT-erTi Tavisi gamovlinebidan gamomdinare<br />

Tavis Tavs anadgurebs / TviTganadgurebamde midis.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom nebismieri religia, miuxedavad imisa, rom is<br />

dafuZnebulia siyvarulze sxvebisadmi da amave dros siyvarulze sxvebis mxridan<br />

da aseve is erTdroulad daundobeli da mkacria maT mimarT vinc ar warmoadgens<br />

mis kuTvnilebas.<br />

froidis azriT, Tuki religiuris nacvlad raime sxva saxis kavSiri gaCndeba<br />

da is moixseniebs socializms, maSin am SemTxvevaSic is vinc ar iqneba Tanamoazre<br />

mis mimarT damokidebuleba daundobeli da mkacri iqneba.<br />

VI samuSaos momdevno amocanebi da mimarTulebebi<br />

masaTa morfologiaSi arsebobs kidev mravali sakiTxi, romelTa kvleva da<br />

aRwera aucilebelia. morfologia – 1) biologiaSi organizmebis formisa<br />

da struqturis analizi. 2) lingvistikaSi, enis analizi morfimis donis<br />

mixedviT.<br />

SesaZlebelia mxolod im faqtidan gamomdinare vimsjeloT, rom ubralo<br />

adamianTa dajgufeba jer kidev ar warmoadgens masas, sanam mis SigniT ar<br />

Camoyalibebula zemoT moxsenebuli kavSirebi, Tumca aqve SeiZleba aRiniSnos rom<br />

nebismier adamianTa dajgufebaSi Seimcneva fsiqologiuri masis Camoaylibebis<br />

tendencia.<br />

froidi cdilobs imis garkvevas Tu rogoria adamianebis damokidebuleba<br />

afeqturi sferos mxriv. Sopenhaueris cnobili Sedarebis Tanaxmad, дикобразы iyinebian da<br />

maT msgavsad verc erTi adamiani ver uZlebs sxva adamianis gadametebulad intimur<br />

daaxlovebas.<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mtkicebiT nebismieri saxis grZelvadiani intimuri emociuri<br />

kavSiri moicavs uarmyofel da mtrul ganwyobebsa da SegrZnebebs. is, rom mkveTri<br />

sxvaobidan gamomdinare aRmocendeba rTulad gadasalaxavi antipatia ukve<br />

kacobriobisaTvis cveuli gaxda. froids moyavs TeTrkanianebisa da<br />

feradkanianebis magaliTi da bevri sxva.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi is aRniSnavs grZnobaTa ambivalentobis Sesaxeb, rodesac<br />

mtruli ganwyoba mimarTulia sayvareli adamianebis mimarT.<br />

amgvari mouTmenlobis SegrZneba qreba masis aRmocenebisa da masisadmi<br />

mikuTvnebulobis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

fsiqoanalizidan gamomdinare vlindeba rom arsebobs emociuri kavSiris<br />

kidev sxva meqanizmebic – egreT wodebuli identifikaciebi (gaigivebani), es<br />

procesebi ar arian kargad cnobili da maTi aRwera sakmaod rTulia, maTi kvleva<br />

ramodenime xniT Seayovnebs masaTa fsiqologiis Temis ganxilvas.<br />

VII identifikacia<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mixedviT identifikacia warmoadgens sxva adamianTan emociuri<br />

kavSiris gamovlenas, rogorc yvelaze adreul movlenas.<br />

froids iZleva oidiposis kompleqsis ganmartebas. aseve mas moyavs kaciWamias<br />

magaliTi, romelic moazrebulia rogorc oraluri fazis mdgomareoba, rodesac<br />

Rirebul da sasurvel obieqtTan SeerTebis survili dakmayofilebulia am<br />

obieqtis STanTqmiT. am SemTxvevaSi es obieqti ganadgurdeba. kaciWamias es principi<br />

88

gaTavisebuli aqvs mas mtrebi imdenad uyvars rom unda “SeWamos isini”, xolo vinc<br />

ar uyvars imas ar Wams.<br />

rogorc ukve cnobilia, identifikacia emocionaluri kavSiris yvelaze<br />

adreul da pirvandel formas warmoadgens, simptomebis warmoqmnis pirobebSi xdeba<br />

ise, rom obieqturi arCevani isev identifikaciaSi vlindeba, anu me obieqtis<br />

Tvisebebs gaiSinagnebs. mesame da sakmaod xSir SemTxvevas warmoadgens is, rom<br />

identifikacia sruliad moklebulia obieqtur damokidebulebas im piris mimarT<br />

romlis kopirebac xdeba. froids moyavs pansionSi gogonas mier miRebul<br />

sasiyvarulo werilTan dakavSirebiT eWvianobis Seteva, romelic gadaedeba sxva<br />

gogonebsac.<br />

simptomis gavliT identifikacia orive me-sTvis maTi pirovnebis romelime<br />

nawilis urTierTgadafarvis maCvenebels warmoadgens, im nawilisa romelic<br />

gandevnili unda iyos.<br />

am sami wyarodan miRebuli cnobebi SesaZlebelia iyos reziumirebuli<br />

Semdegi saxiT: pirveli identifikacia warmoadgens yvelaze pirvelad formas<br />

obieqtTan emociuri kavSirisa, meore – regresuli gziT, obieqtis introeqciis<br />

saxiT me-Si, is libidonozuri obieqturi kavSiris Senacvlebas warmoadgens, da<br />

mesame – is SesaZlebelia aRmocendes nebismieri msgavsebis aRmocenebis SemTxvevaSi,<br />

saerTo maxasiaTeblis mqone pirTan, romelic ar warmoadgens pirveladi<br />

seqsualuri ltolvebis obieqts.<br />

froids moyavs homoseqsualis magaliTi, rogor ganicdis is identifikacias<br />

dedasTan da aqedan gamomdinare irCevs iseT obieqts romelic mas iseve moefereba<br />

rogorc deda.<br />

kidev erTi magaliTi obieqtis aseTi introeqciisa aris melanqolia, afeqti,<br />

romelic Tavisi warmoqmnis erT-erT Zireul mizezad sayvareli obieqtis danakargs<br />

ganixilavs.<br />

VIII Seyvarebuloba da hipnozi<br />

froidi amtkicebs, rom mTeli rigi SemTxvevebidan gamomdinare Seyvarebuloba<br />

warmoadgens fsiqikur Sepyrobilobas obieqtiT, romelic nakarnaxevia pirveladi<br />

seqsualuri ltolvebiT da seqsualuri dakmayofilebis miznebiT, xolo miznis<br />

miRwevis Semdgom is qreba; es aris swored is, rasac uwodeben ucvlel, grZnobad<br />

siyvaruls. Tumca libidonozuri situacia iSviaTad aris aseTi martivi saxis. is<br />

faqti rom dakmayofilebuli moTxovnileba isev aRmocendeba ganapirobebs<br />

obieqtisadmi siyvaruls im droiTi monakveTis ganmavlobaSic rodesac ltolva ar<br />

aris.<br />

aqve froidi aRniSnavs pirveladi ltolvebis mimarTulebebis Sesaxeb, bavSvis<br />

cxovrebis pirveli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. Semdeg ki, mowifulobisas Cndeba<br />

axali intensiuri miswrafebebi, romlebic pirdapir seqsualur miznebzea<br />

mimarTuli. am SemTxvevaSi mamakaci ganicdis ltolvas im qalebis mimarT<br />

romelTac maRalfardovnad afasebs, magram mas ar uCndeba am qalTan sasiyvarulo<br />

urTierTobis survili, is am SemTxvevaSi potenturia mxolod im qalebTan<br />

romlebic ar uyvars, is SesaZloa maT ver itandes kidevac. Tumca ufro xSir<br />

SemTxvevaSi, mamakacs aqvs unari garkveuli saxis sinTezi awarmoos, ugrZnobi<br />

zeciuri siyvarulis da mgrZnobiare, miwieri siyvarulisa. siyvarulis siRrme<br />

SesaZlebelia iyos gazomili nazi mizandabrkolebuli instinqtebisa da ubralo<br />

grZnobiTi ltolvis Soris arsebuli SedarebiT.<br />

Seyvarebulobis SemTxvevaSi obieqts epyrobian rogorc sakuTar mes, rac<br />

niSnavs imas, rom Seyvarebulobisas narcisistuli libidos umetesi nawili<br />

gadaitaneba obieqtze. obieqtis arCevanis zogierT SemTxvevaSi SesamCnevia rom<br />

obieqti sakuTari miuRwevari me-idealis Canacvlebas warmoadgens.<br />

89

obieqtma me idealis adgili daikava. froids moyavs Tavganwirvis magaliTebi<br />

da a. S.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi advilia identificirebulobisa da Seyvarebulobis gansxvaveba,<br />

Seyvarebulobis umaRlesi gamovlinebebis CaTvliT, romelTac uwodeben<br />

fascinacias da Seyvarebul damokidebulobas / sasiyvarulo damokidebulebas.<br />

identifikaciis SemTxvevaSi obieqti dakargulia an mas uaryofen, Semdeg ki<br />

isev aris aRmocenebuli me-Si, amasTanave me nawilobriv icvleba dakarguli<br />

obieqtis magaliTis safuZvelze.<br />

froidi amtkicebs rom Seyvarebuloba Sors ar aris hipnozisagan. maTi<br />

Sesabamisoba TvalnaTlivia. yovel eWvs gareSe hipnotiziori me-idealis adgils<br />

ikavebs. hipnoturi kavSiri aris usazRvro Seyvarebuli Tavganwirva (самоотдача<br />

), romelic<br />

gamoricxavs seqsualur dakmayofilebas, maSin rodesac Seyvarebulobis SemTxvevaSi<br />

is droebiT aris gandevnili da rCeba ukana planze rogorc gviandeli miznobrivi<br />

SesaZlebloba.<br />

hipnozi mSvenivrad axsnida masis konstituciis libidonozur gamocanas, TviT<br />

mas rom ar gaaCndes zogierTi iseTi Tviseba, romelic ar eqvemdebareba arsebul<br />

racionalur axsnas, rogorc Seyvarebulobis mdgomareobas romelic gamoricxavs<br />

pirdapir seqsualur miznebs. bevri ram aris jer kidev masSi gaugebari da<br />

mistikuri.<br />

froidi aseve aRniSnavs, rom sruli sugestiuri morCilebis miuxedavad<br />

hipnotirebulis moraluri sindisi SesaZlebelia winaaRmdegobas gamoxatavdes /<br />

iCendes.<br />

amgvari garCevis safuZvelze SesaZlebelia masis formulis Seqmnac. amgvari<br />

pirveladi masa warmoadgens individTa garkveul raodenobas, romelTac Tavis meidealad<br />

erTi da igive obieqti aqcies da amis Sedegad Tavis me-Si<br />

identificirebuloba ganicades. grafikulad es damokidebuleba Semdegnairad<br />

SeiZleba aisaxos:<br />

IX jogis instinqti<br />

froidi aRniSnavs masis SemTxvevaSi inteleqtis daqveiTebis ukve ganxilul<br />

fenomens. iqmneba iseTi mdgomareobis / viTarebis STabeWdileba, sadac calkeuli<br />

emociuri wamowyeba, sawyisi da individis piradi inteleqtualuri aqti zedmetad<br />

sustia imisaTvis rom gancalkevebulad gamovlindes da aucileblad unda iyos<br />

dadasturebuli sxvebis mier, imisaTvis rom srulad gamovlindes. sugestiuri<br />

zegavlenis amocana ganvrcobas ganicdis, Tuki vaRiarebT rom msgavsi zegavlena<br />

ara mxolod beladisagan momdinareobs, aramed TiToeuli individisagan sxva<br />

individzea momarTuli. sugestia – 1) vinmesTvis biZgis micema saimisod rom<br />

garkveuli mimarTulebis mqone qceva ganaxorcielos, miiRos garkveuli<br />

mosazreba / Sexeduleba / Tvalsazrisi an daijeros raime, arapirdapiri<br />

meTodebis gamoyenebiT. termini gamoiyeneba mxolod maSin, rodesac<br />

aranairi saxis Zaldataneba, argumenti, brZaneba ar aris gamoyenebuli<br />

sasurveli cvlilebebis gamowvevisaTvis. 2) am procesis ganmavlobaSi<br />

gamoyenebuli sityvieri an xatovani komunikacia.<br />

froids moyavs troteris wignis magaliTi sadac miTiTebulia, rom<br />

jogisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli fsiqikuri fenomenebi SeiniSneba masis SemTxvevaSic da<br />

rom isini adamianisTvisac arian damaxasiaTebeli msgavsad sxva cxovelebisa.<br />

biologiurad es joguroba mravalujredianobis analogiasa da gagrZelebas<br />

warmoadgens, xolo libidos Teoriis mixedviT yvela msgvsi cxovelis erTian<br />

ufro msxvil erTeulebad gaerTianebis midrekilebis momdevno gamoxatulebas.<br />

jogi yvelanair siaxlesa da uCveulobas uaryofs. joguri instinqti aris raRac<br />

pirveladi da SemdgomSi ganuwevrebeli.<br />

90

troteri mTel rig pirvelad ltolvebs gamoyofs: TviTdamkvidrebis<br />

instinqti, kvebis, sqesobrivi da joguri instinqti.<br />

maSin rodesac le bonma mimdinare damaxasiaTebeli masis warmonaqmnebi<br />

aRwera, xolo mak dugalma stabiluri masobrivi warmonaqmnebi, troterma Tavisi<br />

interesi SeaCera gavrcelebul SenaerTebze, romelSic cxovrobs adamiani da maTi<br />

fsiqologiuri dafuZneba moaxdina.<br />

joguri instinqti adgils ar utovebs belads, misTvis ar aris saWiro<br />

beladis arseboba, jogs ar gaaCnia RvTaebis arsebobis moTxovnileba, jogs<br />

mxolod mwyemsi esaWiroeba. magram toteris Teoria SesaZloa iyos dangreuli Tuki<br />

iqneba gaTvaliswinebuli albaToba imisa, rom joguri instinqti ar warmoadgens<br />

erTianobas, is ar aris pirveladi TviTgadarCenisa da sqesobriv instinqtTan<br />

SedarebiT.<br />

froids moyvanili aqvs magaliTi imisa, rom bavSvs eSinia rodesac igi marto<br />

rCeba da is amtkicebs rom es SiSi ar gamomdinareobs joguri instinqtis<br />

arsebobidan, vinaidan am SemTxvevaSi bavSvi kidev ufro metad iwyebs nerviulobas<br />

Tuki vinme ucxos xedavs, vinc sinamdvileSi am “jogis” warmomadgenelia realurad.<br />

is swored dedisadmi siyvarulis gamovlinebis SeuZleblobis gamo aris<br />

Sewuxebuli da am moTxovnilebis daukmayofileblobis gamo iZulebulia is SiSad<br />

gaaqcios.<br />

aseve froids moyavs musikosis mimarT siyvaruliT ganmsWvaluli<br />

gulSematkivrebis dajgufebis magaliTic. am SemTxvevaSi qalebi ar upirispirdbian<br />

erTmaneTs miuxedavad imisa, rom maT erTi sasiyvarulo obieqti gaaCniaT, piriqiT<br />

isini SeTanxmebulad moqmedeben, rogorc erTi masa da mzad arian gainawilon<br />

Tavisi nadavli – raime aqsesuari Tavisi kumiris da a. S.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi amtkicebs, rom Tuki instinqtis situacias ZaluZs<br />

gansxvavebuli saxis gamovlinebebi iqonios, ar iqneba ucnauri Tuki im saxis<br />

gamovlineba iqneba miRebuli, romelic dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas ukavSirdeba,<br />

vinaidan is sxva gamovlineba SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda, radgan am miznis<br />

ganxorcielebis realuri pirobebi ar aris daSvebuli.<br />

is rac SemdgomSi sazogadoebaSi aRmocendeba korporatiulobis<br />

suliskveTebisa da a. S. saxiT, ar gamoricxavs im faqts rom pirvelyovlisa misi<br />

wyaro aris pirveladi Suri.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi xazs usvams gaTanabrebis daJinebul moTxovnilebas da<br />

moyavs sifilisiT daavadebulTa magaliTi. maTi SiSi infeqciis mimarT aixsneba<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> mier rogorc aracnobieri survili infeqciis gavrcelebisa. aseve<br />

moyvanili aqvs im dedis magaliTic visac Svili gardaecvala da surs rom sxvasac<br />

ewvios igive bedi.<br />

X masa da pirvelyofili орда<br />

1912 wels froidma miiRo darvinis varaudi imis Sesaxeb, rom kacobriobis<br />

sazogadoebis pirvelyofil formas warmoadgenda tomi, romelSic ganagebda<br />

yvelaze Zlieri mamri.<br />

masa aris kvlav gacocxlebuli pirvelyofili tomi, msgavsad imisa, rogorc<br />

TiToeul adamianSi aris SenarCunebuli pirvelyofili adamiani, aseve nebismieri<br />

dajgufebisagan SesaZlebelia aRmocendes pirvelyofili tomi.<br />

froidi ganasxvavebs masis calkeuli individebis dakavSirebulobas da<br />

beladis Tavisuflebas. misi inteleqtualuri aqtebi damoukidebelia da ar<br />

saWiroebs ganmtkicebas sxvaTa mxridan.<br />

froidi xazs usvams rom siyvaruli aris Semofargluli narcisizmiT, am<br />

zemoqmedebis Sedegad SesaZlebelia ganimartos Tu rogor gardaiqmna siyvaruli<br />

kulturul faqtorad.<br />

tomis mamaTmTavari jer kidev ar iyo ukvdavi, rogoradac is gardaiqmna<br />

SemdgomSi gaRmerTebis Sedegad. rodesac is iRupeboda unda momxdariyo misi<br />

91

Senacvleba. mis adgils ikavebda misi umcrosi Svili, romelic iqamde masis<br />

individi iyo, yvela danarCenis msgavsad. mamaTmTavari aiZulebda mis Svilebs<br />

seqsualuri miswrafebebisagan Tavi SeekavebinaT.<br />

misi seqsualuri Suri da mouTmenloba saboloo jamSi masis fsiqologiad<br />

gadaiqceva.<br />

pirvelyofili tomis pirobebis idealistur gadamuSavebas warmoadgens<br />

eklesiisa da jaris organizaciis konstitucia, romlis saSualebas warmoadgens<br />

iluzia Tanabaruflebiani da Tanaswori siyvaruli Sesaxeb RmerTisa da<br />

mTavarsardalis mxridan. pirvelyofili tomis SemTxvevaSi yvela vaJiSvilma icoda,<br />

rom mama maT Tanabrad devnis da misi Tanabrad Tanasworad eSinoda yvelas.<br />

froidi ixsenebs hipnozisa da STagonebulobis cnebebs. is xazs usvams im<br />

idumal Zalas romelic gamoiyeneba hipnotizioris mier. es Zala – xSir SemTxvevaSi<br />

moxseniebuli rogorc magnetizmi – albaT primitiuli xalxis tabus msgavsia, es<br />

swored is Zalaa romelic gaaCniaT mefeebsa da meTaurebs da romelic maT<br />

moaxlovebas saxifaTod aqcevs.<br />

frodis mosazrebiT ferenCim Zalian zustad miuTiTa rom hipnotiziori<br />

daZinebis brZanebis gacemiT, mSobelTa rols iRebs sakuTar Tavze. is ganasxvavebs<br />

ori saxis hipnozs: SeparviTs, romelsac dedis prototipi gaaCnia da muqaris<br />

mqones romlis prototips mama warmoadgens.<br />

masis warmoqmnis damTrgunveli, iZulebiTi xasiaTi SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

axsnili misi warmoqmniT pirvelyofili tomidan. masis meTauri – jer kidev<br />

mamaTmTavaria, romlisadmic yvela SiSiT aris ganwyobili, masas surs rom is iyos<br />

warmarTuli vinmes mier, is eZebs avtoritets; le bonis sityvebiT masas morCilebis<br />

wyurvili axasiaTebs. mamaTmTavari – masis idealia, romelic me-idealis nacvlad<br />

adamianis mes mflobelia / mmarTvelia. hipnozi SesaZlebelia iyos ganmartebuli<br />

rogorc “orisgan Semdgari masa”, xolo STagoneba SesaZlebelia ganimartos<br />

rogorc darwmunebuloba, romelic ar efuZneba aRqmasa da gonebriv muSaobas,<br />

aramed mxolod erotiul kavSirs.<br />

XI erTi safexuri adamianis me-Si<br />

TiToeuli calkeuli adamiani mravali masis Semadgenel nawils warmoadgens,<br />

is gansxvavebuli aspeqtebiT aris dakavSirebuli identifikaciasTan da Tavisi meideali<br />

gansxvavebuli magaliTebis mixedviT aqvs Seqmnili. aqedan gamomdinare<br />

calkeuli adamiani – mravali masobrivi suliskveTebis monawilea: Tavisi rasis,<br />

saeklesio Tanamegobrobis, saxelmwifos da a. S. garda amisa mas SeuZlia<br />

priginalurobisa da damoukideblobis garkveul donesac miaRwios.<br />

aseve ukve naTelia rom calkeuli adamiani uaryofs Tavis me-ideals da<br />

anacvlebs mas masobrivi idealiT, romelic gansaxierebulia beladSi. Tumca mesa<br />

da me-idealis daSoreba mravali individis SemTxvevaSi ar aris Zalian mkveTri, me<br />

inarCunebs adreul narcisistul TviTkmayofilebas. es garemoeba aadvilebs /<br />

amsubuqebs beladis arCevans.<br />

is rac froidma daamata masis libidonozuri struqturis axsnas, daiyvaneba<br />

mesa da me-idealis gansxvavebasa da am niadagze ormagi kavSiris arsebobaze –<br />

identifikacia da me-idealis Canacvleba obieqtiT.<br />

TiToeuli fsiqikuri diferencireba fsiqikuri funqciisaTvis kidev erT<br />

sirTules warmoadgens, amaRlebs mis labilobas da SesaZloa funqciis moSlis<br />

anu avadmyofobis mizezadac ki iqces.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom danawevreba mesa da me-idealze periodulad uku<br />

processac unda Seicavdes, vinaidan SeuZlebelia ase grZeldebodes mudmivad.<br />

miuxedavad yvela uaryofisa da SezRudvisa romelic mes pasuxismgeblobaSi Sedis,<br />

akrZalvebis perioduli garRveva kanonzomierebas warmoadgens, amis magaliTia<br />

dResaswaulebis daniSvna.<br />

92

Tuki raime meSi Seesabameba me-ideals, yovelTvis iarsebebs triumfis<br />

SegrZneba. danaSaulisa (da arasrulfasovnebis) SegrZneba SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

gagebuli rogorc daZabuloba mesa da ideals Soris.<br />

froids moyavs cikluri moSlilobis (depresiuli TvalsazrisiT) magaliTi.<br />

xasiaTis am spontanuri cvalebadobis safuZveli ucnobi da gaugebaria; meqanizmi,<br />

romelic melanqolias maniad aqcevs gaugebaria. es albaT swored iseTi tipis<br />

avadmyofebi arian visi me-idealic droebiT ganfenilia meSi, mas Semdeg rac is<br />

sakmaod daundoblad iyo gabatonebuli.<br />

maniaSi gardasaxva ar aris aucilebeli dasasruli da melanqoliuri<br />

avadmyofobis istoriis aucilebeli maxasiaTebeli. arsebobs martivi, erTeuli,<br />

aseve periodulad ganmeorebadi melanqoliebi, romelTac ar gaaCniaT msgavsi<br />

Sedegi / dasasruli.<br />

jer-jerobiT gasagebia mxolod iseTi SemTxvevebi, rodesac obieqti iyo<br />

uaryofili vinaidan ar imsaxurebda siyvaruls. identifikaciis gziT is isev<br />

damkvidrdeba meSi da me-idealisagan mkacr kritikas ganicdis. obieqtis mimarT<br />

arsebuli yvedrebani da agresia vlindeba melanqoliasa da sakuTari Tavis mimarT<br />

arsebul yvedrebaSi.<br />

amgvari melanqoliis SemTxvevaSi sruliad dasaSvebia gadasvla maniisadmi;<br />

aqedan gamomdinare es SesaZlebloba aris avadmyofobis danarCeni niSnebisagan<br />

sruliad damoukidebeli maxasiaTebeli.<br />

XII danamatebi<br />

a) gansxvaveba identifikaciasa da me-idealis obieqtiT Canacvlebas Soris<br />

poulobs saintereso ganmartebas ori xelovnuri masis – eklesiisa da jaris<br />

SemTxvevaSi.<br />

sxvaoba mdgomareobs imaSi rom jaris SemTxvevaSi Tuki jariskaci iswrafvis<br />

daemsgavsos, identificirdes Tavis mTavarsardalTan es dacinvis sagnad iqceva,<br />

xolo eklesiis SemTxvevaSi ki piriqiT, qristesTan identificireba, misi<br />

idealizireba piriqiT savaldebuloa.<br />

b) am SemTxvevaSi aRniSnulia masobrivi fsiqologiidan dawyebuli progresi<br />

romelic individualur fsiqologiamde ganviTarda.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi froidi isev ubrundeba miTs tomis mamaTmTavaris Sesaxeb.<br />

TiToeuli vaJisaTvis is ideals warmoadgenda, mis mimarT erTdroulad SiSsa da<br />

siyvaruls ganicdidnen, rac mogvianebiT “tabus” cnebad Camoyalibda. erTxelac es<br />

masa gaerTianda da Tavs daesxa mamaTmTavars. mamaTmTavaris sikvdilis Semdeg<br />

mravali cdilobda misi adgilis dakavebas, magram yoveli axali mcdelobisas, isev<br />

iwyeboda omi. Semdeg Camoyalibda totemuri saZmo, sadac yvelas Tanabari uflebebi<br />

gaaCnda day vela totemuri valdebulebebiT iyo dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan.<br />

Tumca es jer kidev ar ganapirobebda dakmayofilebas minaRwevariT.<br />

wuxilma mamamTavaris danakargis gamo calkeul individs masisagan gamoyofa<br />

aiZula, ris Semdeg is poetad Camoyalibda. poeti sawyiss udebs gmirul miTs.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi rankis mixedviT sayuradReboa is rom zRaparma SeinarCuna<br />

WeSmariti viTarebis suraTi... xSiria, rodesac gmiri, aris umcrosi vaJi, romelic<br />

surogatis, anu mamis winaSe Tavs sulelad aCvenebs, is Tavs uvneblad moaCvenebs<br />

mas – vaJs amocanis Sesruleba SeuZlia mxolod da mxolod cxovelTa jogis<br />

daxmarebiT (WianWvelebi, futkrebi da a. S.) isini pirvelyofili tomis saZmos<br />

warmoadgenen; sizmris simbolikaSic WianWvelebi da mwerebi da-Zmebis mniSvnelobas<br />

atareben. aseve zRapris TiToeuli amocana SesaZloa iyos ganxiluli rogorc<br />

gmiruli saqcieli.<br />

93

g) am statiaSi froidi farTed ganixilavda pirdapiri da Sekavebuli (miznis<br />

TvalsazrisiT) seqsualuri pirveladi ltolvebis Sesaxeb.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi bavSvis libidonozuri ganviTareba yvelaze naTel magaliTs<br />

iZleva.<br />

bavSvis seqsualuri ltolvebis aRweris Semdeg froids moyavs scilisa da<br />

haribdis magaliTi. scila unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli rogorc aracnobieris<br />

gandevnilis Sefasebis nakleboba; da haribda aucilebelia arsebobdes midrekileba<br />

normaluri iyos Sefasebuli gazomili paTologiuris masStabebiT.<br />

froidi xazs usvams Sekavebuli seqsualuri ltolvebis upirates Zalas.<br />

Sekavebuli seqsualuri miznebi aRmocendebian pirdapiri seqsualuri<br />

miswrafebebidan, rodesac miznis miRwevas gaaCnia Sinagani da garegani<br />

dabrkolebebi.<br />

d) bolo SeniSvnebi amzadeben daskvnis safuZvels, rom pirdapiri seqsualuri<br />

miswrafebani ar arian xelsayreli masis warmoqmnisaTvis. Tumca sqesobrivi<br />

siyvarulis ganviTarebas Tan sdevs ganmartovebis moTxovnilebac.<br />

is ori adamiani, romelTac sqesobrivi moTxovnilebis dakmayofileba surs,<br />

ganmartovebas eZebs, isini protestis demonstrirebas axdenen masobrivi instinqtis<br />

winaaRmdeg. rac ufro metad arian isini Seyvarebuli erTmaneTSi miT ufro<br />

naklebad saWiroeben vinme ucxos. masis zegavlenis uaryofa gamoixateba<br />

morcxvobis SegrZnebaSi.<br />

did xelovnur masebSi – eklesiasa da jarSi – qalebisaTvis rogorc<br />

seqsualuri obieqtisaTvis adgili ar aris. qalisa da mamakacis sasiyvarulo<br />

urTerTobebi am organizaciebis miRma aris darCenili. am SemTxvevaSi Sereuli<br />

masebis drosac ki sqesobrivi sxvaoba ar warmoadgens gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas.<br />

Tumca calkeuli individisaTvis, romelic Serwymulia masasTan pirdapiri<br />

seqsualuri midrekilebebi mainc inarCuneben qmediTunarianobas. iq sadac maTi<br />

gaRmerTeba xdeba nebismieri masobrivi formaciis daSla xdeba.<br />

amasTanave igive efeqtis mqonea masaze nevrozic. nevroziT daavadebuli<br />

adamiani asocialuria is CamoSorebulia masobrivi formaciebisagan. Tumca<br />

aRsaniSnavia isic, rom sadac SeimCneva masis formireba iq nevrozebis Sesusteba da<br />

gaqarwylebac SeimCneva.<br />

e) da bolos froidi ganixilavs libidos Teoriis TvalsazrisiT im<br />

mdgomareobebs romelic iyo wardgenili zemoT – Seyvarebulobis, hipnozis, masis<br />

warmoqmnisa da nevrozis mdgomareobebi.<br />

Seyvarebuloba emyareba pirdapiri da Sekavebuli (miznis TvalsazrisiT)<br />

seqsualuri miznebis erTdroul arsebobas. amasTanave obieqts sakuTar Tavze<br />

narcisistuli me libidos nawili gadaaqvs. Seyvarebuloba moicavs mxolod mesa da<br />

obieqts.<br />

hipnozi emsgavseba Seyvarebulobas imiT rom swored am ori piris<br />

monawileobas gulisxmobs, im gansxvavebiT, rom (miznis TvalsazisiT) is mxolod<br />

Sekavebul seqsualur miswrafebebs emyareba da obieqti me-idealis adgils ikavebs.<br />

94

orive mdgomareoba, hipnozica da masis warmoqmnac, adamianis libidos<br />

filogenezis gadmonaSTs warmoadgenen – hipnozi rogorc winaganwyoba, xolo masa<br />

rogorc pirdapiri gadmonaSTi.<br />

nevrozi gamoirCeva am klasifikaciidan. is efuZneba adamianis libidos<br />

ganviTarebis gansakuTrebulobas – latenturi periodiT Sewyvetil seqsualur<br />

funqcias. am SemTxvevaSi is emsgavseba hipnozisa da masis warmoqmnisaTvis<br />

damaxasiaTebel regress, romelic ar arsebobs Seyvarebulobis SemTxvevaSi.<br />

nevrozi aRmocendeba iq, sadac seqsualuri pirveladi ltolvebis miznis<br />

TvalsazrisiT pirdapirisagan Sekavebulisaken gadasvla ver xerxdeba. es<br />

Seesabameba mes mier STanTqmuli pirveladi ltolvebis Soris arsebul konfliqts,<br />

romlebic Tavisi ganviTarebis gzaze yovelTvis miisrafvian gamoxatulebisa da<br />

dakmayofilebisaken.<br />

dostoevski da mamis mkvleloba<br />

dostoevskis araerTgvarovani pirovneba SesaZlebelia mravalmxrivad iyos<br />

ganxiluli: rogorc mwerali, nevrotiki, moazrovne-eTikosi, codvili. froidi<br />

cdilobs misi pirovnebis garCevas yvela am komponentis gaTvaliswinebiT.<br />

froidi aRiarebs rom rogorc mwerali dostoevski imsaxurebs uiliam<br />

SeqspirTad erTad iyos moxseniebuli da rom am SemTxvevaSi <strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> meTodi<br />

uZluria raime saxis ganmartebisaTvis.<br />

Tumca rogorc moralisti dostoevski advilad mowyvladia. mwerlis<br />

warmoCinebisas maRali zneobis mqone adamianis saxiT, romelmac ukve ganvlo da<br />

ganicada codviloba mTeli misi siRrmiseuli gamovlinebebiT, froidi xazs usvams<br />

erT mosazrebas. maRali zneobis adamianad SesaZlebelia CaiTvalos is, vinc<br />

Sinaganad ganicdis garkveul cdunebas, magram Tavs ar aZlevs uflebas Caidinos es<br />

saqcieli. am SemTxvevaSi froidis azriT sakmaod advilia im adamianebis mimarT<br />

gamoiTqvas sayveduri, vinc drogamoSvebiT codvebs idens, xolo Semdeg<br />

maRalzneobriv miznebs isaxavs. vinaidan isini mosaxerxeblad awyoben TavianT<br />

cxovrebas. isini arasodes ar asruleben absoluturi zneobrivobis srul<br />

prioritets – srul ganridebas. am SemTxvevaSi froidi xazs usvams rom zneobrivi<br />

cxovreba praqtikulad mTeli kacobriobis interesebSia. mas moyavs magaliTi im<br />

barbarosebisa, vinc mkvlelobas idenda xolo Semdeg inaniebda am saqciels, Tumca<br />

es monanieba kidev ufro metad sisxliani codvebis Cadenisaken uxsnida maT gzas.<br />

froidi aseve aRniSnavs rom swored ase iqceoda ivane mrisxanec – es erTgvari<br />

xelSekruleba sindisTan, rac savsebiT tipiuria rusuli xasiaTisaTvis. rac<br />

Seexeba dostoevskis zneobrivi brZolis saboloo Sedegs is ar gamoirCeva, sakmaod<br />

xangrZlivi Serkinebis Semdgom, romelic ZiriTadad mimarTulia individis<br />

survilebisa da swrafvebis Serigebaze sazogadoebasTan da mis moTxovnebTan, is<br />

regress ganicdis da sulieri da fizikuri avtoritetebisadmi damorCilebas<br />

eqvemdebareba – eTayvaneba qristianul RmerTsa da mama-mefes, is miiswrafvis<br />

rusuli mdabio Rirebulebis mqone nacionalizmisaken. froidi aseve aRniSnavs, rom<br />

naklebad didi moazrovneebic amgvar gadawyvetilebamde mividnen, Tumca ki<br />

dostoevskis amisaTvis gacilebiT ufro meti Zalisxmeva dasWirda.<br />

froidi arasworad miiCnevs dostoevski ganixilos rogorc codvili da<br />

danaSaulis Camdeni. Zalian martivia danaSaulis WeSmariti motivis gamovlena:<br />

nebismieri danaSaulis CamdenisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia ori ram – usazRvro<br />

siyvaruli sakuTari Tavis mimarT da ngrevisadmi uZlieresi midrekileba, aseve<br />

orive am maxasiaTeblis gamaerTianebeli aris is, rom adamians ar gaaCnia<br />

siyvarulis unari da amave dros garSemomyofTa mxridan misdami emociur-<br />

95

SefasebiTi damokidebulebac ar arsebobs. amave dros froids umalve axsendeba is,<br />

rom TviT dostoevskisaTvis sruliad sapirispiroa damaxasiaTebeli – siyvarulis<br />

udidesi moTxovnileba da sxvebis siyvarulis unari, rac vlindeboda mis usazRvro<br />

sikeTeSi im SemTxvevaSic ki rodesac marTebuli iqneboda sapirispiro<br />

damokidebulebis gamovlena – froids moyvanili aqvs magaliTad misi<br />

damokidebuleba meuRlisa da misi sayvarlisadmi. froidi wamoWris kiTxvas, Tu<br />

ratom SeimCneva tendencia dostoevskis mikuTvnebisa danaSaulis CamdenTa<br />

kategoriisadmi? razec ismis Semdegi saxis pasuxi: misi personaJebis arCevanis gamo<br />

– egocentruli pirovnebebi, mkvlelebi, moZaladeebi, rac metyvelebs msgavsi<br />

midrekilebebis gamoxatulebaze TviT mweralSic. am SemTxvevaSi dasturia<br />

ramodenime realuri faqtic – misi midrekileba da siyvaruli azartuli TamaSebis<br />

mimarT da aseve arasrulwlovani gogos gaxrwnac (sakmarisia misi “aRsarebis”<br />

wakiTxva). froidis azriT es Sinagani winaaRmdegoba gadawyvetilia<br />

Semdegi saxiT: dostoevskis sakmaod Zlieri midrekileba ngrevisadmi<br />

ZiriTadad momarTuli iyo sakuTar Tavze (ara gareT aramed SigniT) da<br />

hpova Tavisi gamovlineba danaSaulis SegrZnebasa da mazohizmSi. Tumca am<br />

pirovnebaSi aseve SeiniSneba sadisturi midrekilebebic, froidi aRniSnavs rom es<br />

Tviseba vlindeboda misi axloblebis mimarT da aseve xazs usvams sadistur<br />

damokidebulebas mkiTxvelisadmic, Tumca garkveulwilad dostoevski aseve<br />

sadisturia sakuTari Tavis mimarTac, igive mazohisturi, rac mTlianobaSi mas<br />

xatavs rogorc rbil da mgrZnobiare adamians, romelic yovelTvis mzad aris<br />

daexmaros nebismiers.<br />

amgvarad, dostoevskis rTul pirovnebaSi sami faqtori iqna gamoyofili –<br />

ori xarisxobrivi da erTi raodenobrivi. misi sakmaod maRali midrekileba<br />

feTqebadi vnebebisadmi da gadaulaxavi swrafva perversiisadmi, romelic unda<br />

dasrulebuliyo sado-mazohizmiT an romelsac unda Camoeyaliba masSi danaSaulis<br />

Camdeni da bolos misi SemoqmedebiTi niWi, romelic praqtikulad ar eqvemdebareba<br />

analizs. erTmaneTTan dapirispirebaSi myofi Zalebis – pirveladi ltolvebisa da<br />

maTi sapirispiro Sekavebis arsebobiT – dostoevski SesaZlebelia mivakuTvnoT<br />

“impulsuri xasiaTebis” kategorias. magram amgvari mosazreba mxolod da mxolod<br />

nevrozis SeniRbvas warmoadgens. froidi iZleva axsna-ganmartebas rom<br />

nevrozi aris mxolod da mxolod imis niSani, rom “mem” ver moaxdina<br />

dapirispirebaSi myofi Zalebis sinTezi da am mcdelobisas dakarga<br />

Tavisi mTlianoba.<br />

dostoevski, (aseve sxvebic iziarebdnen am mosazrebas), sakuTar Tavs Tvlida<br />

epileptikosad. froidi varaudobs, rom es e. w. epilepsia mxolod da mxolod misi<br />

nevrozis simptoms warmoadgenda, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos gansazRvruli<br />

rogorc istero-epilepsia, sxva sityvebiT isteriis mZime forma.<br />

froidi aRwers am Setevebis maxasiaTeblebs, aRwers uneblie krunCxvebs,<br />

xasiaTis cvlilebas, agresiulobis matebas da yvelanairi saxis sulieri<br />

qmediTunarianobis daqveiTebas. is aseve ganasxvavebs ramodenime variants<br />

epileptikuri Setevisa: krunCxvebs, cnobierebis srul dakargvas wamierad da aseve<br />

Tavbrus xvevebs. es erTi SexedviT fizikuri mdgomareobebi /<br />

gamovlinebebi ganpirobebulia fizikuri mizezebiT (ramdenad ucanauric<br />

ar unda iyos es) da SesaZlebelia aRmocendes konkretuli sulieri<br />

gancdebidan gamomdinare (SiSi) da SemdgomSi SesaZloa iyvnen srul<br />

kavSirSi sulier gancdebTan.<br />

umravlesobisaTvis am avadmyofobis SemTxvevaSi inteleqtualuri degradacia<br />

aris damaxasiaTebeli, magram cnobilia iseTi SemTxvevebic rodesac is ar momxdara<br />

(helmholci).<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom epilefsiiT daavadebulni garSemomyofebze utvino,<br />

ganuviTarebeli adamianis STabeWdilebas toveben, vinaidan es avadmyofoba xSir<br />

SemTxvevaSi vlindeba idiotizmis formiT da tvinis seriozul defeqtebs<br />

ganapirobebs, Tumca es ar aris aucilebeli komponenti. aseve froidi aRniSnavs<br />

96

om msgavsi Setevebi emarTebaT aseve srulfasovani sulieri ganviTarebis mqone<br />

adamianebs, romelTac axasiaTebT ukiduresad uCveulo sulieri mRelvareba da<br />

romlis marTvac maT uZneldebaT.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom es avadmyofoba saWiroebs funqcionalur<br />

gacnobierebas / wvdomas. pirveladi ltolvebis ganTavisuflebis<br />

meqanizmi SesaZlebelia iyos Semzadebuli, rogorc es aisaxeba<br />

toqsikuri an qsovilebis daavadebis SemTxvevaSi tvinis<br />

qmediTunarianobaze (xdeba daqveiTeba). msgavsi ram xdeba sulieri<br />

balansis arasakmarisi kontrolis SemTxvevaSic, rac vlindeba sulieri<br />

energiis funqcionirebaSi krizisis pirobebSi. aqedan gamomdinare<br />

froids miaCnia, rom gveZleva epilefsiis warmoqmnisaTvis xelsayreli<br />

ori winapiroba da maTTvis saerTo meqanizmic, romelic pirveladi<br />

ltolvebis gamovlinebis safuZvelSi Zevs.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom es meqanizmi emsgavseba seqsualur procesebs. is<br />

ambobs, rom antikuri xanis eqimebs miaCndaT seqsualuri aqti mcire epilefsiad.<br />

isini Tvlidnen rom seqsualuri aqti asustebs epilefsias da adamians aZlierebs<br />

avadmyofobis zemoqmedebasTan mimarTebaSi.<br />

mTlianobaSi am SemTxvevaSi saqme gvaqvs “epileptikur reaqciasTan” da is ra<br />

Tqma unda ukavSirdeba nevrozebs, romelTa arsi mdgomareobs zewolisa da<br />

gaRizianebis masebis daTrgunvaSi, romelTac fsiqikurad nevrozi ver<br />

gaumklavdeboda. amgvarad epilefsiis Seteva isteriis simptomad<br />

gadaiqceva. xdeba misi adaptireba da saxecvlileba isteriiT, iseve rogorc es<br />

xdeba sqesobrivi aqtis normaluri mimdinareobisas. aqedan gamomdinare froidi<br />

daaskvnis, rom arsebobs organulad ganpirobebuli da bunebrivad<br />

aRmocenebuli epilefsiebi. xolo am daskvnis praqtikuli Sedegia is,<br />

rom pirveli saxis epilefsiis mqone pirovnebas gaaCnia tvinis<br />

daavadeba, xolo meore saxis mqone – aris aSkara nevrotiki.<br />

froidis azriT swori iqneboda gvevarauda, rom dostoevski swored meore<br />

tipis epileptikosebs miekuTvneba. Tumca am SemTxvevaSi froidi darwmunebiT ver<br />

saubrobs, vinaidan ar arsebobs Sesabamisi aRwera dostoevskis epileptikuri<br />

Setevebisa da is mxolod garkveul faqtebze dayrdnobiT axdens amgvar daskvnas.<br />

is aRniSnavs, rom mas qonda Setevebi bavSvobaSi, magram mxolod 18 wlis asakis<br />

Semdgom – rodesac man Zlieri dartyma gadaitana, mamis mkvleloba – am Setevebma<br />

epileptikuri xasiaTi miiRes. am SemTxvevaSi aseve moyvanilia cnobebi imis Sesaxeb<br />

rom misi mdgomareoba gaumjobesda cimbirSi katorRaze yofnisas, magram froidi<br />

aseve aRniSnavs, rom nevrotikebi amgvari rwmunebisas midrekilni arian<br />

falsificirebisaken. froidi Tvlis rom cimbirSi yofnisas dostoevskis<br />

janmrTeloba mkveTrad gaumjobesda.<br />

aSkara aris kavSiri mamis mkvlelobasa da roman “Zmebi karamazovebs” Soris.<br />

bevri aRniSnavda am kavSirs “Tanamedrove fsiqologiuri mimdinareobis” farglebSi<br />

– es mimdinareoba ki fsiqoanalizs gulisxmobs. am SemTxvevas fsiqoanalizi<br />

ganixilavs rogorc umZimes sulier travmas, xolo dostoevskis reaqcias am<br />

travmaze – rogorc misi nevrozis prioritetuli mniSvnelobis mqone sawyis<br />

wertils.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom pirveli wlebis ganmavlobaSi dostoevskis<br />

epileptikuri Setevebi gamoixateboda imaSi rom mas qonda sikvdilis SiSis<br />

gamovlineba, rac gamoixateboda leTargiuli Zilis SetevebSi.<br />

froidi irwmuneba rom misTvis cnobilia msgavsi sikvdilis Setevebis arsi. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi xdeba gaigiveba gardacvlilTan – realurad ukve gardacvlil<br />

pirovnebasTan an jer kidev cocxal adamianTan visi sikvdilic SeiZleba surdes<br />

avadmyofs. am dros meore SemTxvevas ufro meti mniSvneloba aqvs. amgvari<br />

Setevebi am SemTxvevaSi sasjelis saxis aris: am adamianisaTvis<br />

sikvdili msurda, exla ki me TiTon var gardacvlili. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

biWisaTvis es gardacvlili aris umeteswilad mama.<br />

97

mamis mkvleloba rogorc cnobilia warmoadgens pirveli saxis danaSauls,<br />

rogorc kacobriobisaTvis, aseve calkeuli individisaTvisac. yovel SemTxvevaSi is<br />

danaSaulis SegrZnebis erT-erTi wyaro da mizezia. fsiqoanalitikosebis Tanaxmad<br />

biWis damokidebuleba mamis mimarT aris ambivalenturi. froidi aRwers mamisadmi<br />

arsebuli grZnobebis ambivalentobas da bolos daaskvnis, rom mamis<br />

mkvlelobis survilis arseboba aracnobierSi, ganapirobebs danaSaulis<br />

SegrZnebis Camoyalibebas.<br />

Tuki bavSvs ganviTarebuli aqvs konstituciuri faqtori, romelsac Cven<br />

veZaxiT biseqsualobas, adgili aqvs momdevno garTulebebs. am SemTxvevaSi,<br />

kastraciis muqaris Sedegad mamakacurobis SesaZlo dakargvis gacnobierebisas,<br />

matulobs da myardeba qalurobisadmi midrekilebis tendencia, metic, aRmocendeba<br />

tendencia sakuTari Tavis dedis adgilze dayenebisa da amave dros misi rolis<br />

gadaRebac / SeTvisebac rogorc mamis siyvarulis obieqtisa. bavSvi acnobierebs<br />

rom Tuki mas surs iyos mamis mxridan nayvarebi rogorc qali, man amave dros<br />

unda miiRos kastraciac. amgvarad xdeba ori sapirispiro ltolvis gandevna –<br />

mamisadmi siyvarulisa da amave dros misdami siZulvilis. fsiqologiuri sxvaoba<br />

mdgomareobs imaSi, rom garegani muqaris (kastraciis) gamo bavSvi uars ambobs<br />

mamisadmi siZulvilze.<br />

im ori naxsenebi faqtoridan, romlebic mamisadmi biWis siZulvilis gandevnas<br />

ganapirobeben pirvelia – uSualo SiSi kastraciisa. SesaZlebelia iTqvas rom es<br />

normaluria, xolo negatiur gaZlierebas ganapirobebs mxolod da mxolod meore<br />

faqtori – qaluri ganwyobis Camoyalibeba. amgvarad, mkveTrad gamovlenili<br />

biseqsualuri midrekileba warmoadgens erT-erT mizezs an Tu gnebavT dasturs<br />

nevrozis arsebobisa. swored es midrekileba aris SesamCnevi dostoevskis<br />

SemTxvevaSi, is (faruli homoseqsualuroba) aseve vlindeba mis<br />

damokidebulebaSi mamakacebTan megobrobisadmi, Tu ramdenad didi<br />

mniSvnelobis iyo es misTvis metyvelebs amaze. froidi aRniSnavs mis<br />

damokidebulebas metoqeebisadmi siyvarulSi, mis siRrmiseul wvdomas<br />

garkveuli cxovrebiseuli situaciebisa, risi axsnac SesaZlebelia<br />

mxolod faruli homoseqsualurobiT. froidis azriT amis dasturia<br />

mravalricxovani magaliTebi mwerlis nawarmoebidan.<br />

froidi amticebs rom fsiqoanalizs gaaCnia gasaRebi nebismieri nevrozisadmi<br />

da rom es gasaRebi moiZebneba rusuli mwerlis epilefsiis SemTxvevisaTvisac. Cveni<br />

cnobiereba uaryofs im movlenebis miRebas, romlebic aracnobieri fsiqikuri<br />

cxovrebis sferos miekuTvnebian. froidi zemoT xsenebuls aseve amatebs imas, rom<br />

mamasTan gaigiveba Cvens “meSi” mudmiv adgils ikavebs. es gaigiveba mSvidad aRiqmeba<br />

“mes” mier, Tumca masSi gansakuTrebuli instanciis adgils ikavebs, romelic<br />

upirispirdeba “mes” danarCen Semadgenlobas. am instancias froidi uwodebs “zemes”<br />

da rogorc mSoblis zegavlenis mqones mas yvelaze mniSvnelovan funqciebs<br />

miawers.<br />

froids moyavs magaliTi imisa, rom Tuki mama iyo mkacri, daundobeli,<br />

gamoirCeoda Zaladobisadmi midrekilebiT, maSin Cveni “ze-me” sadisturi xdeba,<br />

xolo “me” – mazohisturi, Sesabamisad qalurad-pasiuri. Cvens “meSi” Cndeba<br />

sasjelisadmi didi moTxovnileba, “me” erTis mxriv nawilobriv miandobs sakuTar<br />

Tavs bedisweras, xolo meores mxriv nawilobriv dakmayofilebas Rebulobs misadmi<br />

“ze-mes” mxridan arsebuli daundobeli damokidebulebiT (SesaZlebelia amas<br />

danaSaulis SegrZneba vuwodoT). dostoevskis danaSaulis SegrZnebis<br />

gansakuTrebuli siZliere, iseve rogorc aSkarad mazohisturi cxovrebis wesic,<br />

froidis mier axsnilia rogorc mkveTrad gamoxatuli qalurobis komponenti.<br />

froidis azriT faqtiurad dostoevskis aRwera Semdegnairad SeiZleba: aSkarad /<br />

mkveTrad gamoxatuli biseqsualurobis midrekilebis / winareganwyobis mqone<br />

pirovneba, romelsac gaaCnia daundobeli mamis mxridan Tavs moxveuli<br />

damokidebulebisagan Tavis dacvis unari.<br />

98

adreuli “sikvdilis Setevebis” gamovlinebebi SesaZlebelia iyos<br />

gaazrebuli rogorc sakuTari “mes” gaigiveba mamasTan, am SemTxvevaSi<br />

“me” “ze-mes” mxridan sasjels Rebulobs. SesaZlebelia iTqvas rom<br />

pirovnebasa da mama-obieqts Soris arsebuli urTierToba misi Sinaarsis sruli<br />

SenarCunebiT “mesa” da “ze-mes” Soris arsebuli urTierTobis saxes iRebs. froids<br />

am SemTxvevaSi Teatraluri Sedarebac ki moyavs – axali dadgma mcire scenaze.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom mama ver icvleba da wlebis ganmavlobaSi misi xasiaTi<br />

uaresobisaken viTardeba kidec. am SemTxvevaSi dostoevskis siZulvilic matulobs.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom adamiani warmoadgens uaRres saSiSroebas Tuki<br />

amgvari gandevnili survilebi ganxorcielebisaken iswrafvian. fantazia<br />

SesaZloa realobad iqces, amitomac Zlierdeba dacvis yvela saSualebac.<br />

dostoevskis Setevebic epileptikur xasiaTs iZenen.<br />

aRsaniSnavia erTi ram: Setevis apoTeozSi dostoevski umaRlesi netarebis<br />

moments ganicdida, romelic SesaZloa asaxavda im triumfisa da ganTavisuflebis<br />

SegrZnebas, romelic man ganicada mamis sikvdilis cnobis miRebisas, rasac umalve<br />

moyva kidev ufro daundobeli sulieri sasjeli. froidi paralels avlebs msgavsi<br />

wuxilisa da triumfis monacvleobas pirvelyofili ojaxebis SemTxvevaSi, rodesac<br />

xdeboda mSobelTa mkvleloba totemuri zeimis ceremoniis dros. Tuki is faqti<br />

rom cimbirSi (katorRaze) dostoevskis ar qonia Setevebi sinamdviles<br />

Seesabameba es kidev erTxel adasturebs imas, rom mis Setevebs<br />

sasjelis saxe qondaT. (rodesac is gansxvavebuli saxiT iRebda sasjels<br />

Setevebis saWiroebas is aRar grZnobda).<br />

daundobeli sasjelis moTxovnilebam dostoevskis SesaZlebloba mianiWa<br />

mravali mZime weli udrekad gadaetana. misi dadanaSauleba politikur RalatSi ar<br />

Seesabameboda sinamdviles, magram man yovelgvari winaaRmdegobis gareSe miiRo es<br />

sasjeli mama-mefisagan (romelic am SemTxvevaSi misi mamis Canacvlebas<br />

warmoadgenda). es garemoeba iZleva fsiqologiur gamarTlebas im sasjelis<br />

sistemisa romelsac sazogadoeba aniWebs individs. froidi Tvlis rom mravali<br />

borotmoqmedi natrulobs rom isini dasajon. amas moiTxovs maTi “ze-me”, amgvarad<br />

isini Tavisufldebian sakuTari Tavis dasjis survilisagan / sindisis qenjnisagan.<br />

amgvari simZime gamowveuli damZimebuli sindisiT ganapirobebs dostoevskis<br />

damokidebulebas sxva ori sferos mimarT – saxelmwifos avtoritetisa da<br />

RmerTisadmi rwmenis. pirveli sferos SemTxvevaSi mwerali sruliad daeqvemdebara<br />

mama-mefes, romelmac mkvlelobis komedia gaiTamaSa masTan. am SemTxvevaSi<br />

monaniebam gaimarjva. religiuri sferos SemTxvevaSi ki sicocxlis bolomde<br />

dostoevski orWofobda rwmenasa da urwmunoebas Soris. misTvis saeWvo iyo is<br />

winaaRmdegobebi romelic SeimCneoda samyaros gamTlianebuli gagebis SemTxvevaSi,<br />

rac rwmenaSi aris mocemuli.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom SeuZlebelia ubralo damTxveva iyos is<br />

faqti rom msoflio literaturis sami Sedevri – sofokles “mefe<br />

oidiposi”, Sekspiris “hamleti” da dostoevskis “Zmebi karamazovebi” –<br />

erTsa da imave Temas exebian – mamis mkvlelobas. samive SemTxvevaSi<br />

danaSaulis msgavsi motivi aris ganviTarebuli – seqsualuri metoqeoba qalis<br />

gamo.<br />

froidi axdens mcire analizs am sami nawarmoebisa da “hamletis” SemTxvevaSi<br />

aRniSnavs, rom danaSauli ar aris Cadenili mTavari gmiris mier, swored amitom<br />

qalis gamo metoqeobis motivi ar aris dafaruli. swored ase aris warmoCinebuli<br />

hamletis oidiposis kompleqsic, romelic warmoCinebulia erTgvari anareklis<br />

saxiT. man icis rom mamamisi iyo mokluli magram gaugebari mizezis gamo ar<br />

anxorcielebs samagieros mizRvevis qmedebebs. gaubedavi is xdeba sakuTari<br />

danaSaulis SegrZnebis gamo: rogorc aris damaxasiaTebeli msgavsi nevrotuli<br />

movlenebisaTvis mis cnobierebaSi erTgvari cvlileba xdeba – danaSaulis<br />

SegrZneba gardaisaxeba uZlurobis SegrZnebaSi. hamleti sakuTar Tavs aranakleb<br />

ganikiTxavs vidre sxvebs: “Tuki yvelas moveqceviT sazRauris mixedviT, vis ascdeba<br />

99

sasjeli?” am SemTxvevaSi dostoevski cotaTi ufro win aris wasuli Tavis<br />

romanSi. aqac mkvleloba Cadenilia sxva piris mier, magram is aranakleb<br />

ukavSirdeba msxverpls, vidre dimitri, (romelic seqsualuri metoqe aris), isic<br />

misi Svilia. danaSauls sCadis swored is Zma, romelsac dostoevski sakuTar<br />

avadmyofobas miawers – epilefsias, amiT is TiTqos da adasturebs rom masSi<br />

arsebuli nevrotiki da epileptikosi sinamdvileSi mamis mkvlelia. advokatis<br />

sityvaSi ki Cans fsiqologiis dacinva. rom fsiqologia ikvlevs ara imas Tu vin<br />

Caidina mkvleloba aramed imas, vinc am mkvlelobis Canafiqrs axdenda da visac<br />

gansakuTrebulad uxaroda SemdgomSi momxdaris gamo. aqedan gamomdinare yvela<br />

aris damnaSave Tanabrad, reliefurad gamosaxuli alioSas figuras CaTvliT.<br />

TvalnaTlivi da aSkara aris mwerlis simpatia borotmoqmedisadmi, romelic<br />

scildeba yovelgvari TanagrZnobis sazRvrebs. borotmoqmedi misTvis TiTqmis<br />

mxsnelis tolfasia. man TiTqos da yvelas danaSauli aiRo sakuTar Tavze. man<br />

Caidina mkvleloba da exla ukve saWiro aRar aris mkvlelobis Cadena, vinaidan mas<br />

es rom ar gaekeTebina vinmes mainc mouwevda amis gakeTeba. es ar aris ubralo<br />

TanagrZnoba es ukve borotmoqmedTan / mkvlelTan gaigiveba aris, igive narcisizmi<br />

romelic cotaTi CamoSorebulia Tavis ZiriTad mimarTulebas.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom borotmoqmedisadmi simpatiis fenomeni ganpirobebulia<br />

swored am gaigivebis gamo, aseve swored es iyo interesis mizezic da romanis<br />

masalis arCevanic amis gamo aris ganpirobebuli. Tavdapirvelad is werda –<br />

egoisturi mosazrebebidan gamomdinare – Cveulebrivi borotmoqmedis, Semdeg<br />

politikuri da religiuri borotmoqmedis da bolos ki mamis mkvlelis Sesaxeb. es<br />

aris pirvandeli borotmoqmedi da froidis azriT am SemTxvevaSi dostoevski<br />

poetur aRiarebas axdens.<br />

froidi axdens analizs dostoevskis azartuli TamaSebisadmi midrekilebis<br />

Sesaxebac. miuxedavad Tavisi gamarTlebisa, rom is TamaSobda mxolod im mizniT<br />

rom moego didi Tanxa da Semdeg miscemoda ruseTSi dabrunebis SesaZlebloba<br />

valis gamo cixeSi wasvlisagan Tavis daRwevis mizniT, froidi Tvlis rom mwerali<br />

sinamdvileSi acnobierebda im faqts rom mxolod TamaSis gamo TamaSobda. amis<br />

dasturia misi daudevari saqcielis yvela detali, romelic ganpirobebuli iyo<br />

pirveladi ltolvebiT. dostoevski ver wynardeboda sanam ar waagebda yvelafers.<br />

TamaSi misTvis sasjelis saSualebas warmoadgenda. miuxedavad dapirebebisa<br />

romelsac is aZlevda Tavis axalgazrda meuRles is yovelTvis arRvevda sityvas.<br />

rodesac wagebis gamo igi ojaxs ukiduresad gaWirvebul mdgomareobaSi agdebda, es<br />

garemoeba mas kidev erTxel aZlevda paTologiuri dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas.<br />

meuRle mieCvia amgvar oromtrials. erTaderTi rac gadarCenas warmoadgenda am<br />

SemTxvevaSi iyo – mwerlis Sroma, romelsac eZleoda gasaqani swored maSin,<br />

rodesac mTeli qoneba iyo gaqarwylebuli. Tumca misi meuRle ver xvdeboda Tu ra<br />

kavSiri iyo am yvelafers Soris. froidi am kavSirs Semdegnairad ganmartavs:<br />

rodesac misi danaSaulis SegrZneba kmayofildeboda sasjeliT, romelsac is Tavad<br />

miusjida sakuTar Tavs, maSinve gadailaxeboda samuSaoSi arsebuli sirTuleebic<br />

da dostoevski Tavs uflebas aniWebda warmatebisaken ramodenime nabiji gadaedga.<br />

froidi aRwers stefan cvaigis romans “ocdaoTxi saaTi qalis cxovrebidan”.<br />

gavlebulia paraleli imasTan dakavSirebiT rom onanizmis “codva”<br />

Canacvlebulia TamaSisadmi mavne CveviT, am SemTxvevaSi xazgasmulia<br />

xelebis vnebiani moZraoba, rac TavisTavad metyvelebs am Canacvlebaze.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom TamaSisadmi midrekileba – gaigivebulia da<br />

warmoadgens onanizmis moTxovnilebis eqvivalents, is Tvlis rom<br />

bavSvebis mier sasqeso organoebze warmoebuli manipulaciebic TamaSis<br />

msgavsia.<br />

aseve cvaigis romanSi arsebuli dedis gaigiveba meZavTan swored am fantaziis<br />

Semadgeneli nawili da Sedegia. am SemTxvevaSi garegani gaformeba ubralod faravs<br />

am moTxrobis fsiqoanalitikur sazriss.<br />

100

froidi aRniSnavs rom mas jer kidev ar Sexvedria arc erTi iseTi mZime<br />

nevrozis SemTxveva, rodesac adreuli periodis autoerotiuli dakmayofileba da<br />

mowifulobis periodis dakmayofileba gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis mqone ar<br />

yofiliyo da ar Seesrulebina garkveuli saxis roli, amasTanave misi (am<br />

dakmayofilebis) daTrgunvisa da mamisadmi SiSis Soris arsebuli kavSiris Sesaxeb<br />

ukve cnobilia.<br />

I.<br />

fsiqoanalizi da kultura<br />

leonardo da vinCi<br />

bavSvobis mogonebani<br />

leonardo da vinCi (1452 – 1519) iyo italiuri renesansis erT-erTi udidesi<br />

warmomadgeneli. magram rogorc misi TanamedroveebisTvis, aseve CvenTvisac igi<br />

idumalebiT moculi rCeba.<br />

gansxvavebuli niWis SeerTeba erT pirovnebaSi renesansis periodSi miRebuli<br />

iyo da es ar iyo leonardos idumalebis mizezi. is ar miekuTvneboda aseve iseTi<br />

avadmyofuri tipis geniosTa kategorias, romelnic fizikuri monacemebiT ar<br />

gamoirCeodnen da gaurbodnen adamianebTan urTierTobas. piriqiT, is iyo maRali,<br />

tanadi, gamorCeuli silamazis saxis mqone, gamorCeuli fizikuri Zalis mqone,<br />

momxiblavi adamianebTan urTierTobisas, kargi oratori, mxiaruli da kargi<br />

mosaubre pirovneba.<br />

mxiarulebisa da siamovnebaTa moyvaruli pirovnebis iersaxe ufro metad<br />

Seesabameba leonardos mxolod cxovrebis pirvel da ufro xangrZliv periods. mas<br />

Semdeg rac ludoviko moros Zalauflebis dasasrulma aiZula leonardo<br />

mietovebina milani da safrangeTSi daewyo moxetiale cxovrebis stiliT arseboba,<br />

mas Semdeg misma mxiarulma ganwyobam iklo da misi xasiaTis ucnauri<br />

maxasiaTeblebic warmoCinda.<br />

wlebis ganmavlobaSi misi interesi mecnierebisadmi kidev ufro metad<br />

Rrmavdeboda, rac aSorebda mas mxatvrobisagan. misi cdebisadmi midrekileba da<br />

Semecnebisadmi swrafva aisaxa mis samxatvro Semoqmedebaze. is naklebad iRebda<br />

xelSi funjs, xSirad tovebda dawyebul naxats. swored amis gamo akritikebdnen<br />

mas misi Tanamedroveebi.<br />

Tumca mravali cdilobda am naklis dafarvas da amgvar damokidebulebas<br />

qmnilebebisadmi xsnida zogadad nebismieri mxatvris xasiaTis TvisebiT. didi<br />

SemoqmedisaTvis is mxatvruli nawarmoebi romelic iqmneba mis mier yovelTvis<br />

Soria im idealisagan romelic mas warmoudgenia, rasac ver amCnevs rigiTi<br />

damkvirveblis Tvali. Tumca zogierTis mosazrebiT es momenti avlenda garkveuli<br />

saxis SiSis arsebobas. SiSisa, romelic eufleba Semoqmeds xelovnebis sidiadis<br />

SegrZnebidan gamomdinare.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs leonardos muSaobis sidinjes, “saidumlo serobaze” is<br />

muSaobda sami wlis ganmavlobaSi. aseve aRwerilia is faqtebi romlis mixedviTac<br />

leonardo sakmaod didi xnis ganmavlobaSi siRrmiseulad akvirdeboda Tavis<br />

namuSevrebs da is, rom SesaZlebeli iyo ramodenime dRe ar emuSava Tumca Semdeg<br />

mTeli dReebi xaraCoebze gaetarebina. rac piriqiT metyvelebda ara mis<br />

gulgrilobaze, aramed Rrma wvdomaze misi namuSevrebisa, sapirispirod im<br />

mosazrebis romlis Tanaxmadac Semoqmedi tovebs muSaobas rodesac grZnobs, rom<br />

ideali ar Seesabameba mis mier Seqmnil realobas.<br />

leonardos Semoqmedeba da misi muSaobis neli stili ar Seesabameboda<br />

freskaze muSaobas, sadac aucilebelia rom namuSevari iyos dasrulebuli sanam<br />

grunti gaSreba. swored amitom irCevda is zeTis saRebavs rac SesaZleblobas<br />

aniWebda rom samuSao procesi yofiliyo gawelili. swored es bedi ewvia mis<br />

namuSevars romelsac is asrulebda miqelanjelosTan konkursis dros Anghiari,<br />

mxedarTa brZola.<br />

101

Tumca misi xasiaTi avlenda aseve garkveul winaaRmdegobrivobasac.<br />

garkveuli umoqmedoba da indiferentuloba SesamCnevi iyo. im asakSi rodesac<br />

nebismieri individuumi agresiul qmedebebs mimarTavs sxvebis mimarT, vinaidan<br />

survili aqvs ufro farTe moqmedebis veli moicvas, is gamoirCeoda mSvidi<br />

megobrulobiT sxvebis mimarT, Tavs aridebda nebismieri saxis usiamovnebasa da<br />

Cxubs. is iyo keTili sxvebis mimarT, ar Wamda xorcs, vinaidan Tvlida, rom ar<br />

aris marTebuli cxovelebs rom sicocxle wavarTvaT da aseve mas gansakuTrebul<br />

siamovnebas aniWebda bazrobaze nayidi CitebisaTvis Tavisuflebis miniWeba. is<br />

ganikiTxavda omsa da sisxlismRvrelobas da adamians eZaxda ara cxovelTa<br />

samyaros mefes, aramed yvelaze borots veluri cxovelebidan. Tumca amgvari<br />

qaluri mgrZnobeloba ar uSlida mas xels sikvdilmisjil damnaSaveTa TanxlebaSi<br />

maTi aRsrulebis adgilas imisaTvis, rom Seeswavla maTi SiSisagan damaxinjebuli<br />

saxeebi da Seesrulebina Canaxatebi, aseve ar iyo misTvis es dabrkolebad rom<br />

daexata SiSismomgvreli brZolebi da rom daniSnuliyo mTavar samxedro inJinrad<br />

keisar borjiasTan. xSir SemTxvevaSi Cans rom is aris indiferentuli borotebisa<br />

da sikeTisadmi, an aucilebelia moxdes misi gazomva gansakuTrebuli sazomiT.<br />

Tuki biografs surs rom siRrmiseulad ganixilos Tavisi gmiri, maSin is ar<br />

unda sdumdes sircxvilisa da TavSekavebis gamo im detalebis Sesaxeb rac mis<br />

sqesobriv cxovrebas ukavSirdeba. am SemTxvevaSi froidi xazs usvams leonardos<br />

TavSekavebulobas am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom is mkacrad<br />

asketuri da amasTanave sakmaod mgrZnobiare epoqis periodSi cxovrobda. mas<br />

arasodes ar gamousaxavs erotika, erTaderTi rac mis mier yofila gamosaxuli<br />

aris qalis Sida organoebis anatomiuri gamosaxuleba da nayofis ganlagebis<br />

gamosaxuleba mucelSi.<br />

saeWvoa, rom leonardos Tavisi cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi odesme qonoda<br />

urTierToba sayvarel qalTan, an Tundac sulieri urTierToba msgavsad<br />

miqelanjelosa da viqtoria kolonasTan. rodesac is cxovrobda Tavisi<br />

maswavleblis saxlSi Verocchio, is da misi ramodenime megobari homoseqsualur<br />

kavSirSi daadanaSaules, Tumca ki es SemTxveva gamarTlebiT dasrulda. mizezi iyo<br />

is, rom leonardos Tavis modelad, cudi saxelis mqone biWi yavda. rodesac is<br />

ostati gaxda mis garemocvaSi mxolod lamazi biWebi imyofebodnen (rogorc<br />

moswavleebi). xolo ukanaskneli moswavle gayva mas safrangeTSi da sicocxlis<br />

bolomde darCa masTan, swored mas uanderZa leonardom mTeli Tavisi qonebac.<br />

Tumca mis gverdiT myof moswavleebTan arsebuli urTierToba ar gamoixateboda<br />

da ar gvirgvindeboda sqesobrivi aqtiT. froidi Tvlis rom ar aris marTebuli<br />

vivaraudoT rom masSi Zlieri sqesobrivi aqtivoba SeiZleba iyos.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom leonardos yvelaze ufro did swrafvas da ltolvas<br />

warmoadgenda Semecneba, razec is xarjavda uamrav drosa da Zalebs da mxolod da<br />

mxolod ukiduresi daZabulobis Semdgom, codnis mopovebisas, is uflebas aZlevs<br />

didi xnis mosalodneli afeqtis gamovlenas. rodesac mas eZleoda SesaZlebloba<br />

moexdina mopovebuli codnis sferoSi arsebuli sagnebis Sedareba, mas eufleboda<br />

paTosi da garkveul eqstazSi is adidebda im sferos romelsac Seiswavlida, xolo<br />

religiuri TvalsazrisiT ki mis Semoqmeds. solmim naTlad gaiSinagna es<br />

gardasaxvis procesi leonardosTan. is ambobs “amgvar gardasaxvas romelic exeba<br />

bunebis Semecnebas emociebSi me vuwodebdi religias, swored amaSi mdgomareobs da<br />

vinCis xelweris yvelaze damaxasiaTebeli niSanTviseba, romelic meordeba ara<br />

erTxel...”<br />

leonardo ikvlevda imis nacvlad rom emoqmeda da Seeqmna. is vinc<br />

SeigrZnobs msoflio kanonzomierebis sidiades da mis gardauvalobas, advilad<br />

kargavs Tavisi mes cnobierebas / SegrZnebas. WvretaSi CaZiruli is advilad<br />

iviwyebs rom sakuTari Zalebis gazomviT, aucilebelia samyaros gardauvalobaze<br />

zemoqmedebis moxdenis mcdeloba. am samyaroSi mciredic ara nakleb saocaria,<br />

diadTan Sedarebisas.<br />

102

odesac is cdilobda dabrunebuliyo kvlevidan isev xelovnebaSi is<br />

aRmoaCenda, rom misTvis xelisSemSleli iyo interesebis axali gezi da misi<br />

fsiqikuri qmedebis saxeSecvlili xasiaTi. naxatSi yvelaze ufro metad mis<br />

interess ipyrobda erTi problema, xolo am erTi problemis miRma kidev sxva<br />

mravali aRmocendeboda, rogorc es aseve iyo misTvis aSkara usasrulo<br />

gamokvlevebisas. da naxatSi yvelafris asaxvis Zlieri Zalisxmevis Semdgom, is<br />

iZulebuli iyo mietovebina namuSevari da gamoecxadebina igi dausruleblad.<br />

froidis azriT rodesac Cven vxvdebiT iseT maxasiaTebels rogorc<br />

leonardos SemTxvevaSi es aris Zlierad gamoxatuli ltolva Semecnebisadmi, maSin<br />

yvelafris mizezad iqceva am midrekilebis organuli buneba. nerviulad<br />

daavadebulTa fsiqoanalitikur kvlevaze dafuZnebiT Cven Semdegi saxis or<br />

varauds vemxrobiT, romelTa dasturs Cven vxedavT yoveli calkeuli SemTxvevis<br />

dros. es midrekileba froidis azriT formirebas ganicdis adreuli bavSvobis<br />

xanaSi, Tavisi gaZlierebisaTvis Tavdapirvelad is sargeblobs seqsualuri<br />

midrekilebebiT, aqedan gamomdinare mas SeeZleba seqsualuri cxovrebis garkveuli<br />

nawilis Canacvleba. amgvari tipis adamiani iseTive vnebiT iqneba CarTuli kvlevisa<br />

da Semecnebis procesSi, rogorc sxva iqneboda CarTuli sasiyvarulo<br />

urTierTobaSi da mas SeeZleboda ekvlia raime imis sanacvlod rom yvareboda<br />

vinme. da ara mxolod kvlevisadmi vnebis, aramed sxva mravali SemTxvevis drosac<br />

raimesadmi ltolvis gansakuTrebuli intensivobisas, Cven gvaqvs varaudi rom misi<br />

safuZveli seqsualurobaSia.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom adamianTa yoveldRiuri cxovrebis dakvirveba gviCvenebs,<br />

rom umravlesobas SeuZlia sakuTari sqesobrivi ltolvis mniSvnelovani nawili<br />

profesiul qmedebebze gadaitanos. sqesobrivi ltolva gansakuTrebiT aris<br />

misadagebuli imisaTvis, rom msgavsi wvlilis ganxorcieleba xdebodes, vinaidan<br />

mas gaaCnia sublimirebis SesaZlebloba. mas aqvs unari Caanacvlos Tavisi<br />

uaxloesi mizani sxva, ufro maRali da arasqesualuri miznebiT da es yvelaferi<br />

garemoebidan gamomdinare xdeba. froidi paralels avlebs infantiluri<br />

Semecnebisa da interesis gaRvivebasa da zrdasrulebSi Semecnebisadmi swrafvas<br />

Soris.<br />

froidi daskvnas axdens, rom rodesac bavSvis seqsualuri kvlevis periodi<br />

erTbaSad wydeba gandevnidan gamomdinare, Semdgomi cnobismoyvareobisaTvis sami<br />

gansxvavebuli saxis SesaZlebloba vlindeba. SesaZloa kvleva seqsualobis<br />

bedisweras iziarebs; cnobismoyvareoba amieridan paralizebuli rCeba da gonebrivi<br />

qmedebis Tavisufleba SesaZlebelia iyos Semofargluli mTeli momdevno<br />

cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi, gansakuTrebiT ki imitom, rom religiuri aRzrdis<br />

meSveobiT am yvelafers uerTdeba axali gonebrivi SezRudvac. naTelia rom<br />

amgvarad SeZenili azris sisuste uZlieres biZgs aZlevs nevrotuli daavadebis<br />

warmoqmnas. meore tipis SemTxvevaSi inteleqtualuri ganviTareba sakmaod Zlieria,<br />

saimisod, rom SeewinaaRmdegos misTvis xelisSemSlel seqsualur gandevnas.<br />

infantiluri seqsualuri kvlevis dasrulebis Semdgom, rodesac inteleqti<br />

momagrebulia, adrindeli kavSiris zegavleniT, is Tavs aRwevs seqsualur<br />

gandevnas da maSin daTrgunuli seqsualuri kvleva brundeba aracnobieridan<br />

momabezrebeli analizirebisadmi midrekilebis saxiT, romelic sakmaod<br />

damaxinjebulia magram imdenad Zlieri, rom sakuTriv azrovneba seqsualurad<br />

aqcios da gonebriv operaciebs mianiWos siamovnebisa da SiSis SegrZnebebi, rac<br />

damaxasiaTebelia seqsualuri procesebisaTvisac.<br />

mesame saxis tipi aris yvelaze iSviaTi da yvelaze srulyofili, is Tavs<br />

aRwevs rogorc gonebriv Sekavebas, aseve azrovnebisadmi nevrotulad Tavsmoxveul<br />

midrekilebas. seqsualuri gandevna aqac iCens Tavs, magram misTvis SeuZlebelia<br />

seqsualuri siamovnebis nawili gandevnos aracnobierSi, piriqiT libido Tavs<br />

aRwevs gandevnas, da Tavidanve ganicdis sublimirebas cnobismoyvareobaSi, ris<br />

meSveobiTac Zlierdeba swrafva kvlevisadmi. am SemTxvevaSic kvleva<br />

garkveulwilad gadaiqceva vnebaSi da Seenacvleba sqesobriv qmedebas, magram<br />

103

safuZvelSi mdebare fsiqikuri procesebis sruli gansxvavebis meSveobiT veRar<br />

miiReba nevrozi, gamoiricxeba kavSiri pirvelad bavSvur seqsualur kvlevasTan da<br />

ltolva Tavisuflad emsaxureba inteleqtualur interesebs.<br />

Tuki leonardosTan Semecnebisadmi da kvlevisadmi udides ltolvas da misi<br />

sqesobrivi cxovrebis simwires ganvixilavT (idealuri homoseqsualuroba<br />

igulisxmeba), Tavisuflad SegviZlia is mivakuTvnoT mesame tipis kategorias. is,<br />

rom bavSvuri cnobismoyvareobis daZabvis Semdgom seqsualuri interesebis<br />

mimarTulebis TvalsazrisiT, man SeZlo Tavisi libidos umetesi nawilis<br />

sublimireba moexdina kvlevisadmi midrekilebaSi, swored es warmoadgens misi<br />

arsebis birTvs.<br />

froidi aRwers leonardos yrmobis xanas. is iyo ukanono Svili, rac im<br />

periodSi miRebuli iyo. misi deda katerina, aRar Cndeba mis biografiaSi, mxolod<br />

poeti mereJkovski varaudobs misi zegavlenis Sesaxeb mogvianebiT. leonardo<br />

izrdeboda Tavisi mamis ojaxSi, romelic iyo notariusi. man miatova saxli<br />

rodesac Andrea del Verocchio-sTan saxelosnoSi Sevida. 1472 wels miniSnebulia<br />

misi wevrobis Sesaxeb “Compagnia dei Pittore”-Si.<br />

II.<br />

leonardo ixsenebs Tavisi bavSvobis mogonebas: “rogorc Cans me<br />

Tavdapirveladve unda vyofiliyavi esoden safuZvlianad dakavebuli ZeriT. TiTqos<br />

da maxsendeba Zalian adreuli mogoneba imis Sesaxeb, rom rodesac me jer kidev<br />

akvanSi viweqi, mofrinda Zera, Tavisi kudiT piri gamixsna da ramodenimejer Camiyo<br />

pirSi Tavisi kudi”.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs, rom es iyo sakmaod ucnauri mogoneba, ucnauri Tavisi<br />

SinaarsiTa da aseve im asakTan mimarTebaSi, romelic aris aRniSnuli. es imdenad<br />

saocrad JRers, rom bavSvi ixsenebs imas Tu rogor gauxsna Zeram piri, rom Cndeba<br />

gansxvavebuli saxis varaudi. is ufro Seesabameba arsis wvdomas da sabolood<br />

wyvitavs yvelanair sirTuleebs. froidis azriT es scena ZerasTan dakavSirebiT<br />

leonardos mogoneba ar aris, aramed aris is fantazia, romelic man Seqmna<br />

mogvianebiT da gadaitana Tavis bavSvobaSi.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom fantaziebi ukavSirdeba pirvelyofili wyobilebis mier<br />

Camoyalibebul istorias. Tuki misi monayoli warmoadgens mxolod da mxolod<br />

gvian Camoyalibebul fantazias, maSin ar Rirs masze SeCereba. misi<br />

ganmartebisaTvis SesaZlebeli iqneboda davkmayofilebuliyaviT misdami aSkarad<br />

gamoxatuli tendenciis miniWebiT, romelic Citis frenis problemasTan<br />

dakavSirebul saqmianobas exeba.<br />

magram Tuki fsiqoanalitikosis TvaliT SevafasebT leonardos fantazias<br />

ZerasTan dakavSirebiT, is aRar mogveCveneba imdenad ucnaurad. msgavsi sizmari<br />

mraval CvenTagans dasizmrebia. interpretacia xSir SemTxvevaSi erotiulia. kudi<br />

(“cado”) aris erT-erTi cnobili simbolo da mamakacis sasqeso organos<br />

gamoxatulebis SesaZlebloba, italiurSi ara nakleb vidre sxva enebSi. warmodgena<br />

Zeris mier bavSvis piris gaxsnis da Semdeg iq ramodenimejer Cayofisa Seesabameba<br />

warmodgenas sqesobrivi aqtis Sesaxeb fellatio. froidi aseve paralels avlebs<br />

oralur seqsTan.<br />

am SemTxvevaSi ukve sruliad gasagebia, Tu ratom miakuTvnebs leonardo am<br />

fantazias ZuZumwovara asaks. (vinaidan froidi Tvlis rom wovisagan miRebuli<br />

siamovneba, SemdgomSi ganviTarebas ganicdis oraluri seqsis saxiT). es aris<br />

erTgvari reminiscencia dedis ZuZus wovis Sesaxeb, rac adamianurad mSvenier<br />

scenas warmoadgens da rasac is ara erTxel gamosaxavda Tavisi funjiT.<br />

(RvTismSoblisa da yrmis gamosaxvisas). Tumca froidi Tvlis rom es reminiscencia<br />

leonardos mier iyo gadamuSavebuli pasiuri homoseqsualuri fantaziis saxiT.<br />

magram saidan aris es dedis gaigiveba ZerasTan? am SemTxvevaSi froidi Tvlis rom<br />

es gaigiveba sawyiss iRebs egviptelTa saRvTo ieroglifebidan, sadac dedis<br />

simbolo gamosaxulia Zeris saxiT. aseve egviptelebi Tayvanscemdnen dedobis<br />

104

RvTaebas, romelsac qonda an Zeris Tavi an ramodenime Tavi sadac erT-erTi mainc<br />

Zeris iyo. am qalRmerTis saxeli iyo muti.<br />

froids ukvirs Tu rogor amoirCies egviptelebma dedis aRmniSvnel<br />

simbolod Zera. erT-erTi mosazreba ukavSirdeba im faqts rom adre egonaT TiTqos<br />

da Zera mxolod mdedrobiTi sqesis arsebobda da rom am jiSis Cits ar gaaCnda<br />

mamri. xolo rac Seexeba im sakiTxs Tu rogor axerxebdnen Zerebi gamravlebas,<br />

amasTan dakavSirebiT Zalian ararealuri zRapari iyo Seqmnili, rom TiTqosda<br />

frenis garkveul momentSi Zera Cerdeba da organoebis gaxsniT ganayofierebas<br />

Rebulobs haeridan. Tumca es ra Tqma unda warmoadgenda zRapars, romlisac ar<br />

sjeroda umravlesobas da romelsac froidis azriT yvebodnen umeteswilad<br />

mxolod sasuliero pirebi, vinaidan maT rwmenas qalwulis ganayofierebasTan<br />

dakavSirebiT, garkveul safuZvels uyrida Zeris qarisagan ganayofierebis faqti.<br />

froidis azriT Zeris Sesaxeb fantaziis Seqmna SesaZlebelia Semdegnairad<br />

warmovidginoT: rodesac man Seityo istoria ZerebSi mxolod mdedrobiTi sqesis<br />

arsebobis Sesaxeb, man Tavi warmoidgina Zeris Svilad, romelsac yavs deda, magram<br />

ar yavs mama. am mogonebas SemouerTda mogoneba siamovnebis Sesaxeb, romelic mas<br />

miuRia dedis ZuZusgan. swored aqedan gamomdinareobs nebismieri mxatvrisaTvis<br />

Zvirfasi RvTismSobeli qalwulisa da yrmis gamosaxuleba. sadac leonardos Tavi<br />

gaigivebuli yavs qristesTan, macxovarTan.<br />

fantaziis analizidan gamomdinare, dedis Canacvleba ZeriT metyvelebs imaze,<br />

rom bavSvi izrdeboda mamis gareSe, dedasTan. am fantazias adasturebs is, rom<br />

leonardos registrireba mamis ojaxSi rogorc ukanonod Sobili bavSvisa Sedga<br />

mxolod maSin, rodesac is ukve xuTi wlis asakis iyo. aqedan gamomdinare sworia<br />

is, rom bavSvi Tavisi yrmobis asakSi dedasTan imyofeboda da mxolod da mxolod<br />

ramodenime wlis Semdeg, rodesac mamis mdidari meuRle, misi dedinacvali<br />

imedgacruebuli darCa sakuTari Svilebis molodinis TvalsazrisiT, is aiyvanes<br />

aRsazrdelad mamis ojaxSi.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom cxovrebis pirveli 3-4 wlis ganmavlobaSi fiqsirdeba<br />

STabeWdilebebi da xdeba garegan samyaroze reagirebis xerxebis gamomuSaveba,<br />

rasac gamoricxulia moakldes mniSvnelovnoba nebismieri saxis gviandeli<br />

gancdidan gamomdinare.<br />

Tuki marTalia, rom adamianis sulier ganviTarebaze gansakuTrebul arsebiT<br />

zegavlenas axdenen bavSvobis gaurkveveli mogonebani da maTze dafuZnebuli<br />

fantaziebi, maSin is faqti romelic aseve ganmtkicebulia Zeris Sesaxeb arsebuli<br />

fantaziiT da is, rom leonardom Tavisi arsebobis pirveli wlebi gaatara<br />

dedasTan, Zalian didi gavlenis mqone unda yofiliyo mis Sinagan samyaroze. am<br />

fantaziidan gamomdinare is kidev ufro metad iyo CaRrmavebuli kvlevaSi Tu<br />

saidan warmoiqmna bavSvi da aseve Tu ra roli ekisreba mamas. am kvlevisa da misi<br />

bavSvobis istoriis Soris arsebuli kavSiris SegrZneba iwvevs SemdgomSi misi<br />

mxridan garkveul aRniSvnas, rom mis bedisweras Tavidanve Citis frenis<br />

problemaSi CaRrmaveba warmoadgenda, vinaidan mas adreul asakSi Zera ewvia.<br />

III.<br />

egviptelT qalRmerTi muti, romelic gamosaxulia Zeris TaviT – aris<br />

sruliad usaxuri xasiaTis mqone figura. xSirad is erTvoda sxva dedobriv<br />

RvTaebebs, romelTac ufro metad gamoxatuli individualoba gaaCndaT. Tumca is<br />

arasodes ar kargavda im maxasiaTeblebs riTac sxvebisagan gansxvavdeboda. es aris<br />

egvipturi panTeonis maxasiaTebeli – calkeuli RvTaebebi ar ikargebodnen<br />

sinkretizmSi. es dedobrivi RvTaeba, Zeris TaviT, egviptelebis mier Sesrulebuli<br />

iyo umravles SemTxvevaSi falosiT; misi sxeuli mkerdis gamosaxulebis mxriv iyo<br />

qaluri, magram amave sxeuls gaaCnda aseve mamakacis sasqeso organo ereqciis<br />

mdgomareobaSi.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare qalRmerT muts gaaCnia xasiaTis is dedobrivi da<br />

mamakacuri maxasiaTeblebi, rogorc es aris leonardos fantaziaSi! Tumca froidi<br />

105

Tvlis rom is varaudi romlis mixedviT leonardom icoda dedobis qalRmerTis<br />

ormagi seqsualuri bunebis arseboba aris saeWvo, mis xelT arsebuli codnis<br />

wyaroebi ar flobdnen am maxasiaTeblebis Sesaxeb informacias. miTologiis<br />

mixedviT mravali RvTaeba iyo hermafrodituli ormagi sqesis mqone, es faqti exeba<br />

ara mxolod egviptur RvTaebebs, aramed berZnulsac, mravali RvTaeba dionises<br />

jgufidan iyo ormagi sqesis mqone da aseve berZnuli siyvarulis RvTaeba afrodite<br />

Tavdapirvelad mamrobiTi sqesis iyo, romelic SemdgomSi gadaiqca mdedr<br />

qalRmerTad. msgavsi hermafrodituli RvTaebebi ganasaxiereben im ideas rom<br />

mxolod mdedrobiTi da mamrobiTi sqesis SeerTebiT aris SesaZlebeli RvTaebrivi<br />

srulyofilebis miRweva. Tumca froidis azriT arc erTi es varaudi ar<br />

ganapirobebs im fsiqologiuri gamocanis axsnas, romlis mixedviTac is iersaxe,<br />

romelic dedobriv arss asaxavs, adamianebis fantaziis mier aRWurvilia<br />

sapirispiro mamakacuri Zlierebis niSanRvisebiT.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom am SemTxvevaSi es aixsneba infantiluri seqsualuri<br />

TeoriebiT.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom bavSvis fsiqologiis wvdomisaTvis unda moxdes<br />

analogia pirvelyofil adamianebTan. Cven momzadebuli varT biologiuri<br />

analogiebiT imisaTvis, rom individuumis sulieri ganviTareba mokled imeorebs<br />

kacobriobis ganviTarebis msvlelobas da aqedan gamomdinare CvenTvis ar aris<br />

daujerebeli da saocari is, rasac aRmoaCens bavSvis sulis fsiqoanalitikuri<br />

kvleva sasqeso organoebis infantilur Sefaseba/aRqmaSi.<br />

froidis azriT Tanamedrove homoseqsualebi midrekilni arian Tavi<br />

warmoaCinon Tavidanve ganpirobebul sqesobriv jgufad, erTgvar Sualedur<br />

safexurze myof, “mesame sqesis” warmomadgenlebad. Tumca fsiqoanalizi<br />

SesaZleblobas gvaZlevs SevavsoT es naprali da homoseqsualistebis mtkicebaTa<br />

Semowmeba moaxdinos. msgavsi Sedegebi iyo miRebuli gansxvavebuli dakvirvebis<br />

Semdgom: yvela homoseqsualur mamakacs adreul asakSi gaaCnda intensiuri<br />

erotiuli ltolva mdedrobiTi sqesisadmi, rac individis mier iyo daviwyebuli<br />

zrdasrul asakSi. Cveulebriv es iyo dedis mimarT arsebuli ltolva, romelic<br />

iyo gamowveuli dedis mxridan arsebuli gadametebuli sinaziT da SemdgomSi iyo<br />

gaRvivebuli bavSvis cxovrebaSi mamis ukana planze gadasvliT. Sadger-i miuTiTebs<br />

rom msgavsi pacientebis dedebi xSir SemTxvevaSi iyvnen mamakacurni, gaaCndaT<br />

energiuli maxasiaTeblebi, magram froidze ufro meti STabeWdileba moaxdina im<br />

SemTxvevebma sadac mama Tavidanve ar arsebobda, an SemdgomSi moxda ojaxis daSla<br />

da biWi Tavidanve iyo dedis gavlenis qveS.<br />

amgvari winare stadiis Semdgom xdeba is, rom biWi gandevnis dedisadmi<br />

arsebul siyvaruls, Tavs ayenebs mis adgilze, axdens gaigivebas dedasTan da<br />

sakuTar pirovnebas iRebs magaliTis saxiT, rodesac irCevs msgavs sasiyvarulo<br />

obieqtebs. amgvarad is xdeba homoseqsualuri, magram arsebiTad is ubrundeba<br />

autoerotisms, vinaidan biWebi vinc uyvars zrdasruls mxolod da mxolod<br />

ganaaxleben da Caanaxvleben mis sakuTar bavSvur pirovnebas da mas isini uyvars<br />

iseve, rogorc dedas sakuTari Svilebi.<br />

kidev ufro siRrmiseuli fsiqoanalitikuri mosazrebebi ganamtkiceben im<br />

varauds, romlis mixedviTac amgvarad Semdgari homoseqsuali, qvecnobierad rCeba<br />

fiqsirebuli sakuTari dedis iersaxis mogonebaze.<br />

froidi aRniSnavs rom uaRresad didi mniSvnelobis mqonea is faqti rom<br />

leonardos qonda dRiuri, sadac awarmoebda iseT Canawerebs, rac mniSvnelovani<br />

iyo mxolod misTvis. am dRiurSi is Tavs mimarTavs sakmaod ucnaurad “Sen”.<br />

leonardo am SemTxvevaSi iqceva ise, TiTqos is aris adamiani, romelic miCveulia<br />

yovel dRe vinmes Caabaros aRsareba da am vinmes am SemTxvevaSi ganasaxierebs es<br />

dRiuri. am dRiurSi yvelaze did ucnaurobas warmoadgens Canawerebi mxatvris<br />

xarjebis Sesaxeb, rac aris aRwerili pedanturi sizustiT. amis Sesaxeb mravali<br />

biografi aRniSnavs. Tumca rac Seexeba miTiTebebs didi odenobis TanxebTan<br />

dakavSirebiT es ar aris aRniSnuli.<br />

106

garda im xarjebisa, romelic mas gamoyofili aqvs sakuTari mowafeebisaTis,<br />

leonardos aqvs moyvanili vinme katerinas dasaflavebis xarjebis aRwerac,<br />

mxolod poeti mereJkovski iZleva ganmartebas Tu vin iyo es katerina. es iyo<br />

lonardos deda vinCidan, romelic Cavida Tavisi 41 wlis Svilis sanaxavad iq<br />

gaxda avad da hospitalSi miyvanis Semdgom gardaicvala. msgavsi ganmarteba am<br />

fsiqologi-romanistis mier ar aris sando, Tumca sakmaod Warbad warmoadgens<br />

simarTles. leonardom miaRwia imas, rom Tavisi grZnobebi dauqvemdebara<br />

kvlevisadmi interessa da ltolvas da sruliad Seikava Tavi maTi Tavisufali<br />

gamovlenis TvalsazrisiT; Tumca masac qonia momentebi, rodesac daTrgunuli<br />

miiswrafvoda gamovlenisaken da erT-erTi aseTi iyo mis mier nayvarebi dedis<br />

gardacvalebis momenti. am SemTxvevaSi dasaflavebis xarjebis detaluri aRwera<br />

iZleva dedis danakargiT gadatanil usazRvro ubedurebas. aranormalur<br />

pirobebSi, nevrozebis SemTxvevaSi da gansakuTrebiT egreT wodebuli akviatebuli<br />

mdgomareobebisas, xSirad vxvdebiT msgavs SemTxvevebs. iq Cven vxvdebiT sakmaod<br />

intensiur, magram gandevnis safuZvelze aracnobierad gadaqceul SegrZnebebs, rac<br />

vlindeba mewvrilmane da xSir SemTxvevaSi absurdul qmedebebSic ki. qvecnobierad<br />

is darCa misdami mijaWvuli (dedisadmi), am grZnobebs erotiuli Seferiloba<br />

qondaT; amgvari bavSvuri siyvarulis gandevniT Camoyalibebuli winaaRmdegoba<br />

aRar iZleoda imis SesaZleblobas rom dRiurSi misi xsovna ufro Rirseulad<br />

yofiliyo asaxuli, magram is rac gamovlinda kompromisis saxiT am nevrotuli<br />

kofliqtis safuZvelze, unda yofiliyo asaxuli raimenairad da swored amitom iyo<br />

dawerili es angariSi, romelic SemdgomSi darCa saidumloebiT moculi<br />

STamomavlobisaTvis.<br />

froidi Tvlis rom leonardo namdvilad miekuTvneba homoseqsualur tips,<br />

romlis fsiqologiuri ganviTarebis aRmoCena SesaZlebeli gaxda CvenTvis, da is<br />

homoseqsualuri fantazia romelic mas gaaCnda Zeris Sesaxeb CvenTvis gasagebi<br />

xdeba. es fantazia ambobs: “me gavxdi homoseqsualuri imitom, rom dedis mimarT<br />

mqonda erotiuli damokidebuleba”.<br />

IV.<br />

froidi ver aRwevs Tavs leonardos fantaziaze fiqrisagan. sityvebSi<br />

romlebic seqsualuri aqtis intensivobas gamoxataven (“da ramodenimejer Cayo<br />

kudi pirSi”), leonardo xazs usvams dedasa da Svils Soris arsebuli erotiuli<br />

urTierTobis intensivobas. am kavSiris intensivobaSi froidi kidev erT<br />

components aRmoaCens da amoicnobs. froidi am yvelafris Semdegnair ganmartebas<br />

axdens: Cems tuCebze dedis uamravi kocnis kvali aRibeWda. fantazia Sedgeba wovisa<br />

da dedis kocnebis mogonebisagan.<br />

bunebam xelovani daajildova misTvisve idumali da faruli sulieri<br />

moqmedebebis gamoxatvis niWiT, amitomac misi qmnilebebi ipyroben danarCenebis<br />

yuradRebas, miuxedavad imisa, rom isini ver xvdebian namdvil mizezs.<br />

vinc ixsenebs leonardos naxatebs, gaixsenebs im ucnaur, momajadovebel da<br />

idumal Rimils, romelic man mianiWa qalis gamosaxulebebs. SeCerebuli Rimili,<br />

gawelil, gamokveTil tuCebze; swored es aris misTvis damaxasiaTebeli da<br />

leonardoseuli Rimilis saxelis matarebelia. florentineli mona liza<br />

jokondas ucnaurad-mSvenier saxeze es Rimili yvelaze metad ipyrobda da saxtad<br />

tovebda mayurebels. is yovelTvis saWiroebda axsnas da mudam aixsneboda naklebad<br />

damakmayofileblad. “is rac iyo mimzidveli mayureblisaTvis, aris am Rimilis<br />

demonuri mojadoveba. asobiT poeti da mwerali werda am qalis Sesaxeb, romelic<br />

xan momajadoveblad momRimarea, xan kidev civad da usulod icqireba sivrceSi,<br />

veravin ver axsna misi Rimili da ver amoikiTxa misi azrebi. yvelaferi,<br />

landSaftic ki idumalia, sizmriseuli” (Gruyer)<br />

azri imis Sesaxeb rom mona lizas RimilSi ori gansxvavebuli elementi<br />

vlindeba mraval kritikoss gaaCnda. aqedan gamomdinare isini mona lizas RimilSi<br />

xedaven qalis siyvarulSi gabatonebuli dapisipirebebis srulyofil<br />

107

gamoxatulebas, TavSekavebulobasa da momajadovebulobas, erTgulebiT savse<br />

sinazesa da xistsa, momTxovns, sruliad ucxo mgrZnobelobas, rac ipyrobs<br />

mamakacs.<br />

leonardo am naxatze muSaobda oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi, maSin rodesac<br />

TviTon is 50 wlis iyo. vazaris sityvebiT, is yvelanair xerxs mimarTavda rom am<br />

qalbatonis saxeze Rimili SeeCerebina mTeli seansis ganmavlobaSi. mTeli im<br />

sinatifidan rasac gadmoscemda misi funji tiloze, mxolod SeumCneveli nawili<br />

darCa. ra Tqma unda TviT leonardos es naxati sruliad ar akmayofilebda.<br />

vinaidan mona liza warmoadgens portrets, is ver mianiWebda am naxats im<br />

maxasiaTeblebs rac Tavad gaaCnda. mas Semdeg es Rimili yvela mis naxatze<br />

gamoisaxeba. TviT leonardom ganicada am Rimilis zegavlena da gamosaxavda mas<br />

yvela mis qmnilebaSi.<br />

Tumca zogierTi biografis mixedviT SesaZlebelia gansxvavebuli<br />

interpretaciac. am SemTxvevaSi am mimzidveli Zalis kidev ufro metad<br />

siRrmiseuli gaazreba aris nagulisxmevi. W. Peter-i am naxatSi xedavs “mTeli<br />

kulturuli kacobriobis siyvaruli gancdis gamoxatulebas”. man Zalian zustad<br />

gamoTqva rom leonardos mier gamoxatuli Rimili yovelTvis gvibiZgebs vifiqroT<br />

uwmindurobis Sesaxeb: “es naxati bolos da bolos aris portreti. SesaZlebelia<br />

mivadevnoT Tvalyuri im faqts Tu rogor erTiandeba es gamosaxuleba misi<br />

bavSvobis ocnebebTan, rom ar gvqonoda sapirispiro damadasturebeli faqtebi,<br />

SesaZlebeli iqneboda gvefiqra TiTqos es qali leonardos mier sabolood napovni<br />

idealuri qalis gansaxierebas warmoadgenda”.<br />

vazari ixsenebs, rom leonardos pirveli mcdelobani saxviTi xelovnebis<br />

dargSi warmoadgendnen Tixisagan damzadebuli momRimare qalbatonebis Tavebi da<br />

aseve ramodenime bavSvis Tavi. vazari Tvlis rom es imdenad ostaturad iyo<br />

Sesrulebuli mis mier, rom SesaZlebeli iyo gvefiqra TiTqos xelovanis xelma<br />

daamzadao.<br />

froidi Tavis mxriv xazs usvams im faqts rom orive gamosaxuleba romelic<br />

misi pirveladi mxatvruli gavarjiSebis Sinaarss warmoadgens exeba fantazias<br />

Zeras Sesaxeb. es aris is ori seqsualuri obieqti romelic gamoikveTa Zeris<br />

fantaziis analizisas. Tuki bavSvebis mSvenieri Tavebi warmoadgendnen misi rogorc<br />

bavSvis pirovnebis asaxvas, maSin momRimare qalbatonebi ra Tqma unda katerinas<br />

warmoadgendnen. aqedan gamomdinare Cven gviCndeba varaudi rom dedamiss gaaCnda es<br />

idumali Rimili, romelic Semdeg isev iyo napovni leonardos mier florentinel<br />

qalbatonSi.<br />

froidi aseve yuradRebas amaxvilebs wminda anas, RvTismSoblisa da Zis<br />

gamosaxulebis naxatze, romelzedac qalebis iersaxeebze naTlad aris gamoxatuli<br />

leonardoseuli Rimili. rTulia dadgena aris Tu ara es pirdapiri zegavlena<br />

lizas portretis Semdeg, vinaidan am naxatebis Seqmna sakmaod didi xnis<br />

ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda.<br />

rac Seexeba wminda anas, RvTismSoblisa da Zis gamosaxulebas,<br />

upirvelesyovlisa naxatis siuJeti aris sakmaod iSviaTi italiuri saxviTi<br />

xelovnebisaTvis. leonardosTan mariami zis dedis kalTaSi, aris win gadaxrili<br />

da xeli aqvs gaSlili vaJisaken, romelic eTamaSeba kravs. bebia momRimare<br />

gasxivosnebuli RimiliT uyurebs am suraTs. es Rimili romelic orive qalis<br />

saxezea ra Tqma unda mona lizas Rimils warmoadgens, Tumca dakarguli aqvs<br />

idumali xasiaTi, is ufro gaciskrovnebuli da netaria.<br />

am naxatis siuJeti SesaZlebelia iyos leonardos bavSvobis istoriis<br />

sinTezis matarebeli. Tavisi mamis saxlSi man moipova ara mxolod deda aramed<br />

bebiac mona luCia, romelic mis mimarT aranakleb keTili iyo. kidev erTi<br />

gasaocari detali romelic iZens kidev ufro met mniSvnelobas. wminda ana,<br />

romelic unda iyos ufro solidur asakSi, SesaZloa gamosaxulia am naxatze ufro<br />

xandazmulad mariamTan SedarebiT, magram miuxedavad amisa is aris axalgazrda<br />

qalbatoni, romelsac jer kidev ar daukargavs qaluri silamaze. faqtiurad<br />

108

leonardom vaJs ori deda mianiWa: erTi romelic xels iSvers misken, xolo meore<br />

romelic ukana planze imyofeba, orive maTgans gamosaxuli aqvs netari Rimili.<br />

Tumca muteri magaliTad varaudobs rom leonardo saerTod ver bedavda gamoesaxa<br />

sibere, naoWebi.<br />

leonardos bavSvobac msgavsi xasiaTis iyo, mas ori deda gaaCnda, pirveli<br />

namdvili, katerian, xolo meore dedinacvali dona albiera, romelic mis mier<br />

lmobieri da nazi iyo. swored aqedan gamomdinare Camouyalibda mas es kompozicia<br />

“wminda ana sameuli erTad”. dediseuli figura ufro metad aris CamoSorebuli<br />

vaJisagan. is gamosaxavs bebias, Tumca naxarSi Tavisi adgilmdebareobiTa da<br />

ganlagebiT vaJis mimarT ikavebs katerinas adgils. wminda anas netari RimiliT<br />

mxatvarma is Suri dafara rasac ganicdida is ubeduri qali, rodesac man dauTmo<br />

didgvarovan qalbatons Tavisi Ze, imis msgavsad rogorc Tavis droze daTmo<br />

Tavisi meuRle.<br />

aqedan gamomdinare sxva namuSevaric adasturebs im faqts, rom mona lizam<br />

gaaRviZa leonardoSi mogonebani adreuli bavSvobis periodidan.<br />

froidi Tvlis, rom dedis siyvaruli ZuZumwovara bavSvis mimarT, romelsac<br />

is aWmevs da romelsac uvlis, aris gacilebiT ufro siRrmiseuli gataceba, vidre<br />

misi gviandeli grZnoba Svilis mimarT romelic izrdeba. Tavisi bunebiT es aris<br />

sasiyvaruli kavSiri, romelic savsebiT akmayofilebs ara mxolod yvela sulier<br />

moTxovnilebas, aramed yvela fizikur moTxovnilebasac. yvelaze bednier<br />

axalgazrdul qorwinebaSic ki mama grZnobs, rom bavSvi, gansakuTrebiT ki patara<br />

vaJi, misi metoqe xdeba da swored aqedan iRebs saTaves Rrma Seurigebloba<br />

ukanasknelis mimarT.<br />

froidis azriT SesaZloa rom leonardo am iersaxeebiT uaryofs da<br />

xelovnurad Trgunavs Tavis aranormalurad ganviTarebul grZnobas, da amgvari<br />

netari SerwymiT gamosaxavs qalur da mamakacur arss, rac dedis mier motyuebuli<br />

vaJis survili asrulebas warmoadgens.<br />

V.<br />

leonardos dRiuris CanawerebSi aris erTi Canaweri romelic gansakuTrebul<br />

yuradRebas ipyrobs, Tavisi Sinaarsis mravalmniSvnelovnobiTa da mciredi<br />

formaluri Secdomis gamo.<br />

“1504 wlis 9 ivliss, oTxSabaTs, dilis 7 saaTze gardaicvala senior piero<br />

da vinCi, podestis sasaxlis notariusi; mamaCemi 7 saaTze. is iyo 80 wlis; datova<br />

10 Svili mamrobiTi sqesisa da 2 mdedrobiTis”.<br />

am CanawerSi saubaria leonardos mamis sikvdilze da SesamCnevia erTi<br />

umniSvnelo Secdoma – is orjer imeorebs dros, Tavidan da boloSi. es mxolod<br />

da mxolod wvrilmania, romlis Sesaxeb sxva arafsiqoanalitikosi arc ki<br />

dafiqrdeboda. fsiqoanalitikosisaTvis yvelaferi warmodgens sulieri procesebis<br />

gamovlinebas; msgavsi “dabneulobisa” daviwyebisa da ganmeorebis safuZvelze<br />

misTvis SesaZlebelia faruli zraxvebisa da ltolvebis/biZgebis gamocnoba.<br />

SesaZlebelia iTqvas rom es Canaweric msgavsad katerinas dakrZalvisa da misi<br />

mowafeebisaTvis saWiro nivTebis angariSebisa warmoadgens mis afeqtur<br />

mdgomareobas. formac ki msgavsia – pedanturoba da wina planze cifrebis wamoweva.<br />

msgavs ganmeorebas Cven vuwodebT perseveracias. es aris Zalian kargi<br />

saSualeba saimisod rom moxdes afeqturi elferis amocnoba. leonardos rom ar<br />

qonoda afeqtis daTrgunvis mcdeloba, es adgili dRiurSi gaiJRerda Semdegnairad:<br />

“dRes 7 saaTze, gardaicvala senior piero da vinCi, Cemi sawyali mama!” magram<br />

perversiis meSveobiT gulgrilobamde dayvanili gardacvalebis Setyobineba, rac<br />

gamoixateba saaTis gansazRvriT sruliad arTmevs am Canawers paToss da<br />

saSualebas iZleva amovicnoT rom iyo garkveuli ram rac unda yofiliyo<br />

dafaruli da daTrgunuli. senior pireo da vinCi iyo sakmaod energiuli adamiani,<br />

romelmac amis wyalobiT daimsaxura pativiscema da moipova keTildReoba. is iyo<br />

daqorwinebuli oTxjer; misi pirveli ori meuRle gardaicvalnen uSvilod,<br />

109

mxolod mesamem aCuqa mas kanonieri vaJi, am droisaTvis leonardo iyo 24 wlis da<br />

ukve didi xnis wamosuli iyo mamiseuli saxlidan veroCios saxelosnoSi. meoTxe<br />

da ukanaskneli meuRlisagan romelic piero da vinCim moiyvana 50 wlis asakSi,<br />

yavda 9 vaJi da 2 qalwuli.<br />

mamas garkveuli mniSvneloba gaaCnia leonardos fsiqoseqsualuri<br />

ganviTarebisadmi da ara mxolod uaryofiTi TvalsazrisiT Tavisi dauswreblobis<br />

gamo adreul asakSi, aramed uSualodac Tavisi daswrebiT misi gviandeli<br />

bavSvobis asakSi.<br />

is vinc bavSvobisas ganicdis ltolvas dedis mimarT SeuZlebelia ar<br />

ocnebobdes mamis adgilas yofnaze; is axdens sakuTari Tavis gaigivebas masTan da<br />

SemdgomSi miznad isaxavs dajabnos igi.<br />

homoseqsualurobisadmi midrekileba rogorc cnobilia Cndeba mxolod<br />

sqesobrivi momwifebis periodSi. rodesac es dro dadga, mamasTan gaigivebam<br />

dakarga leonardos seqsualuri cxovrebisaTvis yovelgvari mniSvneloba, Tumca<br />

iyo SemorCenili sxva araerotiul sferoebSi. Cven viciT, rom mas uyvarda kargi<br />

tanisamosi, yavda cxenebi da mosamsaxureebi – Tumca ki xSir SemTxvevaSi am<br />

yvelafris SesaZlebloba ar qonda. is ubralod cdilobda mamis kopirebasa da mis<br />

dajabnvas. mamamisi dedasTan mimarTebaSi iyo didgvarovani, aqedan gamomdinare<br />

leonardos qonda tendencia “to out Herod” daejabna herode.<br />

leonardos samxatvro SemoqmedebisaTvis misi gaigiveba mamasTan sabediswero<br />

Sedegis mqone iyo. is qmnida Tavis naxatebs da Semdeg aRar zrunavda maTze, misi<br />

mamis msgavsad. mamis mxridan momdevno wlebSi uxvi zrunvis miuxedavad es misTvis<br />

damaxasiaTebeli iyo, vinaidan adreuli bavSvobis periodi yvelaze<br />

STabeWdilebiani aris, xolo gandevnili da aracnobierSi darCenili<br />

gamousworebelia gviandeli gancdebis meoxebiT.<br />

aRorZinebis xanaSi, aseve mogvianebiTac, nebismieri mxatvari saWiroebda<br />

mfarvelsa da maRalCinosan batons. leonardos SemTxvevaSi es iyo ludoviko<br />

sforce, saxelad moro. mis karze leonardom Tavisi cxovrebis yvelaze brwyinvale<br />

periodi gaatara, razec metyvelebs “saidumlo seroba” da amxedrebuli franCesko<br />

sforces qandakeba. leonardo gaemgzavra milanidan ufro adre, vidre ludoviko<br />

moros katastrofa SeemTxva. is gardaicvala patimrobaSi erT-erT frangul cixeSi.<br />

sakuTari batonis Sesaxeb leonardo Semdegi saxis Canawers awarmoebs Tavis<br />

dRiurSi: “hercogma dakarga Tavisi miwa, qoneba, Tavisufleba, da arc erTi mis mier<br />

wamowyebuli saqme ar iyo miyvanili bolomde”. gasaocaria rom am SemTxvevaSi Tavis<br />

patrons is swored ise sayvedurobs, rogorc mas sayvedurobda SemdgomSi<br />

STamomavloba, TiTqos da mas surda vinme “mamaTagani” yofiliyo pasuxismgebeli<br />

misi dausrulebeli namuSevrebis gamo. sinamdvileSi is ar iyo usamarTlo<br />

hercogis mimarT.<br />

froidi xazs usvams imas, rom fsiqoanalizma gvaswavla mamiseul kompleqssa<br />

da RmerTis rwmenas Soris arsebuli intimuri kavSiri; man gvaCvena, rom piradi<br />

RmerTi idealizirebuli mamis msgavsia. yoveldRiurad Cven vadevnebT Tvalyurs im<br />

faqts, rom axalgazrdebi kargaven religiur rwmenas maSin, rodesac imsxvreva<br />

mamis avtoriteti. aqedan gamomdinare mSobelTa kompleqsSi Cven aRmovaCenT<br />

religiuri moTxovnilebis fesvebs.<br />

leonardos xelovnebis Sesaxeb ambobdnen rom misi wmindanebis figurebidan<br />

gamqrali aris eklesiuri dogmatizmis ukanaskneli narCenic ki, isini<br />

miaxlovebuli arian adamianurTan, rom maTSi udidesi da umSvenieresi grZnobebis<br />

asaxva iyos SesaZlebeli.<br />

froidis azriT eWvgareSea, rom leonardom dajabna rogorc dogmaturi, aseve<br />

piradi religiac da Tavisi kvleviTi samuSaoTi sakmaod CamoSorda morwmune<br />

qristianis azrovnebasa da msoflmxedvelobas.<br />

froidi isev ubrundeba fantazias Zeris Sesaxeb da xazs usvams leonardos<br />

cxovrebaSi Citis frenis Seswavlis mniSvnelobas. erT-erTi sakmaod gaugebari<br />

adgili mis CanawerebSi romelic JRers rogorc winaswarmetyveleba, romelic<br />

110

Citis frenas exeba, asaxavs imas, Tu ra afeqturi interesiT iyo is ganwyobili<br />

frenis xelovnebis dauflebisadmi: “es didi frinveli, Tavis pirvel frenas<br />

ganaxorcielebs “didi gedis” qedidan, riTac qveyana aRivseba gakvirvebiT, xolo<br />

xelnawerebi ki qebiT da im budes romelSic is gamoiCeka, samaradiso dideba<br />

moelis”.<br />

ratom esizmrebaT adamianebs rom maT SeuZliaT frena? fsiqoanalizi Tvlis<br />

rom frena, an frinvelad gardasaxva warmoadgens gansxavebuli survilis SeniRbvas.<br />

am survilis axsna SesaZlebelia sityvieri da aseve sagnobrivi mtkicebulebiT.<br />

Tuki cnobismoyvare bavSvebs uyvebian rom iseT did frinvels rogoric aris wero,<br />

patara bavSvebi moyavs, Tuki antikur xanaSi faloss gamosaxavdnen frTebiT, xolo<br />

italielebTan mamakacis sasqeso organo atarebs saxelwodeba luccello<br />

(frinveli/Citi), es yvelaferi imis maniSnebelia rom frenis unari sizmarSi<br />

aRniSnavs sqesobrivi aqtivobis SesaZleblobas/unarianobas. Tuki zrdasruli<br />

ixsenebs Tavis bavSvobas is mas bednierad eCveneba, magram es sruliad ar niSnavs<br />

imas, rom bavSvisaTvis es periodi idiliuria. TviTon bavSvebisaTvis sasurvelia<br />

iseTi qmedebebis ganxorcieleba rac zrdasrulebisaTvisaa mxolod SesaZlebeli,<br />

isini cdiloben rac SeiZleba ufro swrafad gaiaron bavSvobis wlebi. am<br />

SemTxvevaSi froidi Tvlis, rom magaliTad aviatika, romelmac Cven droSi Tavis<br />

daniSnulebasa da mizans miaRwia, safuZvels iRebs infantilur erotizmSi. <br />

leonardo garkveul wilad cxovrebis bolomde darCa bavSvuri, saerTodac<br />

amboben rom bumberazi adamianebi inarCunebdnen bavSvurobas mTeli cxovrebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi. magaliTad zrdasrul asakSi is isev TamaSobda rac misi<br />

garSemomyofTaTvis sakmaod ucnauri da arasasiamovno iyo.<br />

VI.<br />

froidis namuSevris mizani iyo leonardos seqsualur cxovrebaSi arsebuli<br />

Sekavebebis/Seyovnebis da misi samxatvro Semoqmedebis axsna. am TavSi is leonardos<br />

fsiqikis ganviTarebis ganmavlobaSi garkveuli aRmoCenebis mimoxilvas axdens.<br />

SeuZlebelia misi STamomavlobis garkveva, Tumca naTelia, rom adreuli<br />

bavSvobis xana masze mavnebel zemoqmedebas axdens. misi ukanono dabadeba<br />

CamoaSorebs leonardos pirveli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi mamas da am drois<br />

ganmavlobaSi masze mxolod deda zrunavs. cqerisa da Semecnebis ltolva<br />

waqezebuli iyo misi adreuli bavSvobis STabeWdilebebidan gamomdinare; piris<br />

erogenuli zona iZens im mniSvnelobas, romelsac samudamod inarCunebs SemdgomSi.<br />

cxovelebisadmi gviandeli gadametebuli mgrZnobelobidan gamomdinare<br />

SesaZlebelia davaskvnaT, rom bavSvobis am periodSi is sadizmis Zlieri<br />

maxasiaTeblebiT gamoirCeoda.<br />

rodesac ymawvilobis periodSi sqesobrivi aRgznebis talRebma ifeTqa,<br />

seqsualuri ltolvis umetesi nawili Semecnebisadmi ltolvaSi iqna<br />

sublimirebuli da aqedan gamomdinare gandevna ar momxdara. libidos SedarebiT<br />

naklebi nawili SemorCa seqsualuri miznebisaTvis da zrdasruli leonardos<br />

atrofirebul seqsualur cxovrebas warmoadgens. dedisadmi libidos gandevnis<br />

Sedegad es mciredi nawili gardaisaxeba homoseqsualurobaSi da vlindeba<br />

biWebisadmi idealuri siyvarulis saxiT. aracnobierSi rCeba fiqsireba dedisa da<br />

maT Soris arsebuli urTierTobebis netari mogonebebisadmi, magram es pasiur<br />

mdgomareobaSi rCeba.<br />

Tavisi bneli bavSvobis Semdeg, leonardo mogvevlina rogorc mxatvari da<br />

moqandake. froidis azriT es niWi gaZlierda masSi bavSvobis pirvandel wlebSi<br />

gamowveuli cqerisadmi ltolvidan gamomdinare.<br />

Tavdapirvelad ymawvil asakSi, leonardo TiTqos da Tavisuflad muSaobs,<br />

yovelgvari Seyovnebis gareSe. vinaidan Tavis garegan cxovrebaSi is mamiseul<br />

iersaxes hercog ludoviko moroSi xedavs. am periodSi is ganicdis mamakacur<br />

SemoqmedebiT siZlieresa da mxatvrul produqtiulobas. magram sul male, mis<br />

magaliTze vlindeba, rom realuri sqesobrivi cxovrebis TiTqmis sruli<br />

111

daTrgunva ar warmoadgens ufro karg pirobebs SemoqmedebiTi Zalisa da<br />

mxatvruli produqtiulobisaTvis. am qmediTunarianobaze aisaxeba realuri<br />

seqsualuri cxovrebac, amitomac aqtivoba da swrafi gadawyvetilebisadmi swrafva<br />

klebas iwyebs. es aisaxeba “saidumlo serobis” namuSevarze da wyvets am qmnilebis<br />

beds. procesi imdenad nela xorcieldeba rom SesaZlebelia misi Sedareba<br />

regressTan nevrotikebis SemTxvevas Tu davesesxebiT.<br />

sqesobrivi momwifebisas ganviTarebuli mxatvari dajabnulia bavSvobisas<br />

gansazRvruli mkvlevariT; es aris misi erotiuli ltolvebis meore sublimireba,<br />

romelic uTmobs asparezs ufro adre, pirveladi gandevnisas aRmocenebuls.<br />

leonardo mkvlevari xdeba, Tavdapirvelad Tavisi SemoqmedebisaTvis sasargeblod,<br />

xolo SemdgomSi ki misgan damoukideblad.<br />

xandazmuli asakis mwvervalze, mas Semdeg rac man ormocdaaT wels<br />

gadaabija, saqme exeba im periods, rodesac qalis sqesobrivi cxovreba<br />

SeCerebulia, xolo mamakacis – kidev erT energiul mozRvavebas ganicdis,<br />

leonardoSi kidev erTi cvlileba iCens Tavs. misi sulis siRrmiseuli fenebi<br />

ufro metad aqtiurni xdebian, da es meoradi regresia sakeTildReo aris misi<br />

SemoqmedebisaTvis.<br />

is xvdeba qalbatons, romelic masSi bednieri, netari Rimilis Sesaxeb<br />

arsebul mogonebas aRviZebs da misi zegavleniT masSi aRmocendeba is survili,<br />

romelic amoZravebda leonardos momRimare qalbatonebisa da biWebis Zerwvisas. is<br />

xatavs “mona lizas”, “wminda anas sameulSi” da mTel rig naxatebs romelTa<br />

idumaleba gamorCeulia Rimilis gamo.<br />

Tanamedrove biologia ganmartavs adamianis konstituciis mTavar<br />

maxasiaTeblebs qaluri da mamakacuri sawyisebis gaerTianebis gziT; lamazi<br />

garegnoba da aseve is faqtic rom leonardo iyo memarcxene (cacia),<br />

garkveulwilad sayrden wertilebs iZleva. magram froids mainc ar surs<br />

<strong>fsiqoanalizis</strong> kvlevis niadagis mitoveba. amis mizania garegani gancdebisa da<br />

maTze reagirebis mqone pirovnebas Soris arsebuli kavSiris Zieba. froidi Tvlis<br />

rom Tuki fsiqoanalizi ver xsnis leonardos SemoqmedebiTobis mizezebs, is<br />

SesaZlebels xdis misi talantis gamovlinebebisa da naklulovanebis Semecnebas.<br />

mxolod da mxolod is adamiani, romelmac ganvlo leonardos bavSvoba, SesZlebda<br />

daewera “mona liza” da “wminda ana”, Tavisi nawarmoebisaTvis msgavsi bediswera<br />

mieniWebina da moexdina progresireba Semecnebis sferoSi, TiTqos da misi<br />

qmnilebebisa da warumateblobebis gasaRebi Zeris Sesaxeb bavSvur fantaziaSi<br />

imyofeba.<br />

112

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