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TviTdamdablebis gziT – amaRlebisaken<br />
(hagiografiul `cxovrebaTa~ gmiri)<br />
97<br />
griver farulava<br />
antikuri kulturis memkvidred mosulma qristianobam axali esTetikuri da anTropologiuri<br />
faseulobani moitana. yuradRebam gare sinamdvilesTan adamianis mimarTebidan<br />
Sinagani cxovrebis gamomzeurebaze gadainacvla ZiriTadad. antikuri literaturis<br />
gmiris Zalisxmeva obieqtur sinamdvileSi Tvalxilulad ganxorcielebul<br />
moqmedebebSi vlindeba upiratesad; igi saxelmwifoebriv Tu samxedro asparezze iRvwis<br />
an bunebis stiqiasTan WidilSi gamoavlens Tavisi sulis Zalas, saTavgadasavlo<br />
xlarTebs eWideba Tu bedisweris ganCinebas ebrZvis. qristianuli literaturis gmiri<br />
ki Sinagan brZolas da tanjvas eZleva, `sakuTar mkerdqveS myof drakonebs da<br />
gvelebs~ ebrZvis. miiCneven, rom es `mteri~ bevrad ufri saSiSia da masTan brZola<br />
ufro did SemarTebasa da gmirobas moiTxovs, vidre saTavgadasavlo kolizia. amitom<br />
esaxebaT qristianebs herakle, berZnul-romauli samyaros gmirobis idealis aRiarebuli<br />
gansaxiereba, primitiul da mouxeSav arsebad, xorciel swrafvaTa monad,<br />
romlis yvela gmiroba uxeSi fizikuri Zalis gamoyenebiT aResruleba.<br />
gamarjvebuli qristianobis pirveli laTinurenovani mwerali laqtanciusi (250-<br />
320 ww.) CamoTvlis heraklesagan amgvari ZalisxmeviT aRsrulebul saqmeebs da mravalmniSvnelovnad<br />
kiTxulobs: `ra aris aq didebuli?..~ da mere laqtanciusi TviT<br />
ganmartavs gmirobis axal, qristianul ideals: `mrisxanebis siSmagis moTviniereba,<br />
ficxi xasiaTis aRtyinebis momSvideba, ai, WeSmariti gmiris maRali saqmeebi, magram<br />
amgvari mamacobisa herakles araferi gaegeboda. gana saeWvoa, rom ufro nakleb sasaxeloa<br />
lomisa da gareuli taxis gagleja, vidre daTrgunva sakuTari mrisxanebisa,<br />
romelic yvela mxecze ufro Znelad mosaTvinierebelia. gacilebiT advilia gaumaZ-<br />
Rari harpiebisagan Tavis daRweva, vidre Zunwobisagan, pativmoyvareobisa da vnebebisagan,<br />
mudam rom aRgviZraven wyurvils pativisa da simdidrisa... gacilebiT nakleb<br />
Sromas moiTxovs im Tavlis gasufTaveba, romelSic aTasi xaria, vidre ganwmenda sulisa,<br />
romelic codvaTa gamo yovelgvari saZaglobiTaa aRvsebuli. amrigad, visac<br />
simarTle uyvars, vinc zomierebaSi moaqcevs vnebebs, romlebic yvelaze naklebad<br />
emorCilebian gonebas, erTaderTi mxolod is imsaxurebs gmiris saxels~.<br />
namdvilad amaRlebuli cxovrebisaTvis Sinagani Zalisxmevis gzas unda gavuyveT,<br />
nebelobas unda vakaJebdeT mklavze ufro. gmiri, qristianTa gagebiT, es aris<br />
adamiani, romelsac ZaluZs sruliad ganagebdes Tavis vnebebs.<br />
ase iqceva adamianis idealurobis, gmiruli SemarTebis asparezad Sinagani cxovreba.<br />
adamianis Seqmnis Zveli aRTqmiseul koncefciaSive igulisxmeba es drama. ukve<br />
aq aRar warmogvidgeba adamiani Tavisi Tavis tol bunebriv qmnilebad, erTmniSvnelovan<br />
arsebad, rogorc mas aRiqvamda klasikuri antikuroba. Zveli aRTqmis wignSive<br />
adamiani moiazreba rogorc RvTaebriv da miwier sawyisTa (vertikalur da horizontalur<br />
xazTa) gadakveTis centrSi mdgomi qmnileba. adamianis sxeuli Seqmnilia miwisagan<br />
da am gziT mierTvis saganTa samyaros. magram saganTa samyarodan adamiani Sesaqmis<br />
epizodSive gamoyofilia imiT, rom RmerTma `STabera pirsa missa suli sicocxlisaÁ~<br />
(db., 2. 7), suli RvTaebrivi. viTarca sagani, kaci iseve upyria xelT Semoqmeds,<br />
rogorc Tixa meTunes (isaia, 45. 9). viTarca ara-sagani, adamiani upirispirdeba<br />
RmerTs, rogorc partniori dialogSi. pirovnuli absoluti urTierTobaSia adamianur<br />
pirovnebasTan. absoluti ise ki ar miemarTeba adamians, rogorc sagans exebian,<br />
usityvod da usulod; RvTis Zala da meufeba adamians miemarTeba rogorc `aRTqmaSi~<br />
gamoxatuli sityvieri brZaneba erTi nebelobisa meorisadmi. swored amitom SeiZleba<br />
adamiani urC-eqmnes brZanebas (e. i. daamcros xati RvTisa, perspeqtiva uzenaesTan<br />
miaxlebisa, maSin, roca nivTs, sagans ar ZaluZs daSordes Tavis araRvTaebriv<br />
xats).
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