iii_tomi.pdf
iii_tomi.pdf iii_tomi.pdf
Tul enas saxarebaSi simbolurad lazare hqviao da amiT man iwinaswarmetyvela qar- Tuli enis aRdgineba momavalSi. k. kekeliZe aRniSnavs: nino iyo qarTvelio. amis erT-erTi safuZvelia is, rom nino iyo kabadokieli, e. i. im mxridan, sadac odiTganve qarTveli tomebi saxlobdnen. igi bizantiur-ierusalimur kulturaze iyo aRzrdili da mas es unda daenerga saqar- TveloSi, qarTul enaSi. e) wm. ninos saxes axali ideebis danergvasTan erTad aqvs sxva funqciac: esaa Zveli idealebis daZleva anda maTi miTosuri Sinaarsis daZleva da axleburad gaSinaarseba. qristianobis SemosvlasTan erTad aucilebeli iyo ara mxolod Zveli kerpebis damxoba, aramed maTi rwmenis aRmofxvra. daimsxvra armazuli panTeoni, mefe miriani darwmunda, rom xiluli mze ar SeiZleboda yofiliyo RmerTi. aseve dasaZlevi iyo qalRvTaebani, rwmena maTi grZneuli Tvisebisa. amitom nawarmoebSi wm. ninos saxeSi sagangebod yuradRebuli da aqcentirebulia iseTi Tvisebani, romlebiTac SeiZleboda qalRvTaebaTa RvTaebriobis ganqiqeba. es mowodebulia sxvadasxvagvarad. magali- Tad, roca wm. nino saswaulebrivad mkurnalobs, amas igi xsnis ara sakuTari ZalisxmeviT, aramed masze gadmosuli RvTaebrivi madliT. wm. ninos dasaxasiaTeblad friad niSandoblivia Semdegi epizodic: ninom gankurna Rrmad avadmyofi mogvi mTavari, sparsi xuara, nana dedoflis dedis Zma, etyoba, ukvirdaT, ucxo rwmenis qali rogor axorcielebda imnair saswaulqmedebaso, rac TavianTi RmerTebisTvis unda mieweraT. mefe kmayofili unda yofiliyo, magram misi usiamovno gancvifrebac igrZnoba. avtori axerxebs mirianis ganwyobis niuansirebas: mefeo `orgulebiT etyoda ninos:L `romlisa RmrTisa ZaliTa iqm saqmesa amas kurnebisasa? anu xar Sen asuli armazisi, anu Svili zadenisi?~ aqedan Cans, rom arsebulan RmerTqalebi: asuli armazisa da asuli zadenisa. maT mkurnalobis Zalas miawerdnen. wm. nino ki amas uaryofs da yvelafers miawers qristes. miriani arafers ambobs ZvelTaZveli qarTuli RmerTebis gacisa da gaimis asulebze, qarTul qalRmerTebze. magram, cxadia, isini arseboben, magaliTad, rogoric iyvnen, dali an mzeqali, samZivari da sxvani. wm. ninos maTi qalRmerTobac unda daeZlia. aseve arsebobda adgilis dedis kulti. es warmarTuli kulti iyo. am kults upirispirdeboda wm. ninos yofna mayvlovanSi. es gulisxmobda adgilis qristianulad gasulierebas, adgilis warmarTulad sakralizebis winaaRmdeg. amrigad, wm. nino saqarTveloSi adamianis qristianuli idealis pirveli gansaxierebaa. igi amaRlebuli saxea. misi saxe, upirveles yovlisa, dakavSirebulia saqar- TveloSi momxdar yvelaze did qristianul saswaulebTan: es iyo sveticxovelis aRmarTva, `aTi sityva~, moqceva qarTuli enisa, rac niSnavs, rom wm. ninom saqarTvelos SesZina misi arsebobis Tanamaradiuli suliereba. 4. mefe miriani da nana dedofali romantikuli kulturologiis kvalobaze Tu vityviT, saqarTvelos istoriaSi erT-erTi yvelaze didi mefe iyo miriani, ramdenadac saqarTvelos istoriaSi ar momxdara imaze ufro mniSvnelovani movlena, rogoric iyo qristianobis miReba. bolo drois qarTul istoriografiaSi mkvidrdeba azri, rom dasavleT saqarTveloSiac am dros (IV s.) gavrcelda qristianoba (da ara VI s-Si, rogorc adre fiqrobdnen). SeiZleba iTqvas, xalxi Sinagani sulieri mzaobiT Sexvda wm. ninos qadagebas. amiT xorcieldeba ioane naTlismcemlis idea _ `ganmzadeniTo gzani uflisani~ (mT. 3,3). es ver moxerxda andria pirvelwodebulis Semosvlisas. SeiZleba kiTxvac ki gaCndes: winaswar xom ar icoda qarTvelTa samefo karma wm. ninos momavali Semosvlis Sesaxeb? cxadia, samefo kari amas ver gamoavlenda, ramdenadac igi am dros 88
sparselTa did gavlenas ganicdida. es iyo didi saidumlo. saqarTveloSi unda momxdariyo jerarnaxuli udidesi gardatexa. 1. qristianobis erT-erTi pirveldamamkvidrebeli nana dedofalia. pirvelad mas vxedavT armazobis dResaswaulze da naklebad Cans igi samefo palatebis atmosferoSi. niSandoblivia, rom nana dedofali ufro warmodgenilia wm. ninos mimdevar qalTa wreSi, vidre sakuTriv dedoflis saxiT. dedoflobaze maRla dgeba suliereba. Tavis mimdevar qalebs ki wm. nino sikvdilis win ase mimarTvada: `asulno sarwmunoebisano, maxlobelno RmrTisano, d e d o f a l n o Cemno. gxedav Tquen, viTarca pirvelTa maT wmidaTa dedaTa yovelsa mas sarwmunovebasa da siyuarulsa Rmr- Tisasa. da ginebs gzaTa CemTa cnobaÁ glaxakisa mxevlisa TquenisaTa. da gauwyoca: esera mosrula suli Cemi xorxad Cemda. dameZinebian ZiliTa miT CemisaÁTa saukunod~ (105). wm. ninos irgvliv jer sefe qali SroSana Cans, mere viRac berZnulad metyveli qali, mere anatos, mefis baRis mcveli, mere sidonia, abiaTar mRvdlis asuli (romelic TxrobaTa erT-erTi Tanaavtoria). igi ambobs: pirvelad nino vixileo mcxeTis TavSi, maRal koSkze da mere brinjis (e. i. akakis) xis qveS, bratman mefis dasasvenebel adgilaso. sidonia imasac hyveba, rom armazisa da sxva kerpTa damsxvrevis Semdeg 6 wlis ganmavlobaSi wm. ninom Svidi qali dagvimowafao `sjulsa missa~, da mayvlovanSi yofnisas gankurna man dedofali nana, romelsac manamde veravin Svelodao. mere nana sTxovs Tavisi biZis, mogvi xuaras gankurnebas. isic gankurna. ninom es mogvi, nana dedofali da sidonia mefis baRSi waiyvana, is kaci naZvis qveS daayena, aRmosavleTiT mimarTa, xelapyrobiT alocvina da ase gankurna. isic daemowafa. da es iyo pirveli sparsi, romelic qarTlSi moiqca. amis Semdeg bevri ram ara Cans, magram rCeba kiTxvebi, romlebic aSkarad aqvT ga- Tvaliswinebuli TviT Tavdapirvel avtorebs, magram aras amboben, dumils amjobineben. moiqca nana dedofali, wm. ninos mowafe gaxda da mefe mirianma TiTqos arc ki icis es da ise midis sanadirod TxoTis mTaze, sadac mas didi saswauli da moqceva elis. mxolod gviandel redaqtirebaTa Soris gamoCnda SeniSvna, rom mefe gawyra dedoflisa da mTavarTa moqcevis gamoo. TxoTidan dabrunebul moqceul mirians didi sixaruliT egebeba nana dedofali da mTeli qalaqi. arc aq, sadac ufro mosalodneli iyo, ara Cans nana dedofali sxvisgan gamorCeulad. igi warmodgenilia, rogorc Tanaswori TanasworTa Soris. arada, igia erT-erTi damwyebi sxvaTa moqcevisa. SeuZlebelia sagulvebeli mainc ar iyos, rom mas mefe yovelTvis TanaugrZnobs. dedofali ambobs da akeTebs imas, rasac ver gamoamJRavnebda mirian mefe. SeiZleba, ninos damkvidreba samefo baRSi swored nana dedoflis TanxmobiT moxda. aseT mosazrebebs mtkicebis mizani ara aqvs. esaa fiqrebi, romlebic bunebrivad unda aRgveZras wminda nana dedoflis mimarT. igi CvenSi aRibeWdeba viTarca saxe pirveli qristiani qarTveli dedoflisa, romelic iyo aRvsili kdemiT, mdumare rwmeniT, TanalmobiTa da sixaruliT, yovelgvari qristianuli saTnoebiT. igi pirvelsaxea wm. Tamarisa da wm. qeTevanisa. man pirvelma cxadyo, rom yovelgvar aRmatebulobaze, TviT samefo Rirsebebze zeaRmatebulia qristianuli saTnoebani. igi `wminda mxedris~ qaluri iersaxea. 2. mirian mefis ikonografiuli xatebaTagan umTavresia mainc misi yofna sveticxovelTan, Tumca piradad misi saxis warmosaCenad upirvelesia TxoTis mTaze mzis dabnelebis epizodi. amiT ganmeorda saswauli, kerZod, is, rac damaskos gzaze pavle mociquls gadaxda, roca qristianTa mteri savle (saul) sulierad gardaiqmna, moiqca da sul sxva pirovneba gaxda. es iyo pavle mociquli. damaskos gzaze mas Caesma saswaulebrivi xma da es iyo xma RvTisa _ `saul, saul, raÁsa mdevni me? me var ieso, romelsac Sen mdevni~ (saqme, 26, 14-15). Camowolila ukuni. yvelani miwaze damxobilan da verafers xedavdnen. locviT evedrnen RmerTs da gamoCnda naTelic. es iyoo ara- Rameuli naTeli, naTeli naTelsa Sina. Semdeg pavle hyveba: `Sua dRe gzasa zeda vi- 89
- Page 38 and 39: X-XI ss-Si asketizmis esTetikis gam
- Page 40 and 41: SemosZarcvia suls, didi Zalisxmevis
- Page 42 and 43: `saSen masalad~ iSviaTad iyenebs ko
- Page 44 and 45: om, stereotipi nakli ki ar aris amg
- Page 46 and 47: azriT, `qarTuli hagiografiis dasawy
- Page 48 and 49: Zlieri damakavSirebeli rgoli iyo bi
- Page 50 and 51: ne Sesagragnelad mCuari wmidaÁ wmi
- Page 52 and 53: iakob xucesis `SuSanikis wameba~ 52
- Page 54 and 55: aris dakavSirebuli, wmindani uwmind
- Page 56 and 57: `SuSanikis wamebaSi~ hagiografiisaT
- Page 58 and 59: uli sulis gamarjveba xorcze. mowame
- Page 60 and 61: qorwinebac. amave dros, `samkauli~
- Page 62 and 63: qristianobas ar darTvia mwvalebluri
- Page 64 and 65: mogvianebiT gaCndeba bzari samyaros
- Page 66 and 67: mentebi. idealisaken mimaval gzaze
- Page 68 and 69: vis, ucqire da daixsome, Wabuko~ 19
- Page 70 and 71: Cven sityvas aRar gavagrZelebT. vit
- Page 72 and 73: Sinagani konfliqtis Sinaarsis aspeq
- Page 74 and 75: sakiTxavTa Janrs am dros ukve garkv
- Page 76 and 77: igive unda iTqvas armazis msxvrevis
- Page 78 and 79: qristianoba saqarTveloSi. es ki mis
- Page 80 and 81: eikonuri anu xatisebri gansaxovneba
- Page 82 and 83: viT dagvirgvinebuli, dabla CamoSveb
- Page 84 and 85: om saerTod uarvyoT misi esTetikurob
- Page 86 and 87: zemore STagonebas mosdevs TviT macx
- Page 90 and 91: xile zeciT gardamo ubrwyinvalesi mz
- Page 92 and 93: eklesia aSenda mayvlovanSi, xolo qv
- Page 94 and 95: nian da movidian samoTxesa mas, da
- Page 96 and 97: `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ mTeli saxi
- Page 98 and 99: nebis Tavisuflebis kvalobaze, adami
- Page 100 and 101: veles yovlisa, qedmaRlobis qveS, ro
- Page 102 and 103: mas kibesa winamZRurobisasa aRiyvan
- Page 104 and 105: uar-yo... egeviTarman man ganTqumul
- Page 106 and 107: ZTaSi stumrad mosul berebs erTxel g
- Page 108 and 109: kefaliisaTvis gamarTul disputSi mon
- Page 110 and 111: ogorc varaudoben, Txzuleba dawerili
- Page 112 and 113: ogorc aRniSnaven, ioane sabaniZis T
- Page 114 and 115: gulisa Tquenisani maspinZel eqmeniT
- Page 116 and 117: qarTvelebs siyvaruliT `haboTi~ Seuc
- Page 118 and 119: TavSi sabanisZe eklesiaSi Semokrebi
- Page 120 and 121: keTilad Semmzadebel sulnelTa maT sa
- Page 122 and 123: omelic macxovarTan erTad gaakres jv
- Page 124 and 125: qarTlSi WeSmarit qristianad dabrune
- Page 126 and 127: qarTuli agiografia ioane sabanisZe,
- Page 128 and 129: msoflios `yurea~. amas exmianeba na
- Page 130 and 131: welTaRricxvis win. amas emateba 786
- Page 132 and 133: ul RirsebaTa warmoCenas yovelTvis S
- Page 134 and 135: swavlulni ufroÁs gulisxmier hyuen,
- Page 136 and 137: cxli ese queyanaisaÁ, aramed viTar
sparselTa did gavlenas ganicdida. es iyo didi saidumlo. saqarTveloSi unda momxdariyo<br />
jerarnaxuli udidesi gardatexa.<br />
1. qristianobis erT-erTi pirveldamamkvidrebeli nana dedofalia. pirvelad mas<br />
vxedavT armazobis dResaswaulze da naklebad Cans igi samefo palatebis atmosferoSi.<br />
niSandoblivia, rom nana dedofali ufro warmodgenilia wm. ninos mimdevar<br />
qalTa wreSi, vidre sakuTriv dedoflis saxiT. dedoflobaze maRla dgeba suliereba.<br />
Tavis mimdevar qalebs ki wm. nino sikvdilis win ase mimarTvada: `asulno sarwmunoebisano,<br />
maxlobelno RmrTisano, d e d o f a l n o Cemno. gxedav Tquen, viTarca<br />
pirvelTa maT wmidaTa dedaTa yovelsa mas sarwmunovebasa da siyuarulsa Rmr-<br />
Tisasa. da ginebs gzaTa CemTa cnobaÁ glaxakisa mxevlisa TquenisaTa. da gauwyoca:<br />
esera mosrula suli Cemi xorxad Cemda. dameZinebian ZiliTa miT CemisaÁTa saukunod~<br />
(105).<br />
wm. ninos irgvliv jer sefe qali SroSana Cans, mere viRac berZnulad metyveli<br />
qali, mere anatos, mefis baRis mcveli, mere sidonia, abiaTar mRvdlis asuli (romelic<br />
TxrobaTa erT-erTi Tanaavtoria). igi ambobs: pirvelad nino vixileo mcxeTis<br />
TavSi, maRal koSkze da mere brinjis (e. i. akakis) xis qveS, bratman mefis dasasvenebel<br />
adgilaso. sidonia imasac hyveba, rom armazisa da sxva kerpTa damsxvrevis Semdeg<br />
6 wlis ganmavlobaSi wm. ninom Svidi qali dagvimowafao `sjulsa missa~, da mayvlovanSi<br />
yofnisas gankurna man dedofali nana, romelsac manamde veravin Svelodao.<br />
mere nana sTxovs Tavisi biZis, mogvi xuaras gankurnebas. isic gankurna. ninom es mogvi,<br />
nana dedofali da sidonia mefis baRSi waiyvana, is kaci naZvis qveS daayena, aRmosavleTiT<br />
mimarTa, xelapyrobiT alocvina da ase gankurna. isic daemowafa. da es<br />
iyo pirveli sparsi, romelic qarTlSi moiqca.<br />
amis Semdeg bevri ram ara Cans, magram rCeba kiTxvebi, romlebic aSkarad aqvT ga-<br />
Tvaliswinebuli TviT Tavdapirvel avtorebs, magram aras amboben, dumils amjobineben.<br />
moiqca nana dedofali, wm. ninos mowafe gaxda da mefe mirianma TiTqos arc ki<br />
icis es da ise midis sanadirod TxoTis mTaze, sadac mas didi saswauli da moqceva<br />
elis. mxolod gviandel redaqtirebaTa Soris gamoCnda SeniSvna, rom mefe gawyra dedoflisa<br />
da mTavarTa moqcevis gamoo.<br />
TxoTidan dabrunebul moqceul mirians didi sixaruliT egebeba nana dedofali<br />
da mTeli qalaqi. arc aq, sadac ufro mosalodneli iyo, ara Cans nana dedofali sxvisgan<br />
gamorCeulad. igi warmodgenilia, rogorc Tanaswori TanasworTa Soris. arada,<br />
igia erT-erTi damwyebi sxvaTa moqcevisa. SeuZlebelia sagulvebeli mainc ar iyos,<br />
rom mas mefe yovelTvis TanaugrZnobs. dedofali ambobs da akeTebs imas, rasac<br />
ver gamoamJRavnebda mirian mefe. SeiZleba, ninos damkvidreba samefo baRSi swored<br />
nana dedoflis TanxmobiT moxda. aseT mosazrebebs mtkicebis mizani ara aqvs. esaa<br />
fiqrebi, romlebic bunebrivad unda aRgveZras wminda nana dedoflis mimarT. igi<br />
CvenSi aRibeWdeba viTarca saxe pirveli qristiani qarTveli dedoflisa, romelic<br />
iyo aRvsili kdemiT, mdumare rwmeniT, TanalmobiTa da sixaruliT, yovelgvari qristianuli<br />
saTnoebiT. igi pirvelsaxea wm. Tamarisa da wm. qeTevanisa. man pirvelma cxadyo,<br />
rom yovelgvar aRmatebulobaze, TviT samefo Rirsebebze zeaRmatebulia qristianuli<br />
saTnoebani. igi `wminda mxedris~ qaluri iersaxea.<br />
2. mirian mefis ikonografiuli xatebaTagan umTavresia mainc misi yofna sveticxovelTan,<br />
Tumca piradad misi saxis warmosaCenad upirvelesia TxoTis mTaze mzis<br />
dabnelebis epizodi. amiT ganmeorda saswauli, kerZod, is, rac damaskos gzaze pavle<br />
mociquls gadaxda, roca qristianTa mteri savle (saul) sulierad gardaiqmna, moiqca<br />
da sul sxva pirovneba gaxda. es iyo pavle mociquli. damaskos gzaze mas Caesma<br />
saswaulebrivi xma da es iyo xma RvTisa _ `saul, saul, raÁsa mdevni me? me var ieso,<br />
romelsac Sen mdevni~ (saqme, 26, 14-15). Camowolila ukuni. yvelani miwaze damxobilan<br />
da verafers xedavdnen. locviT evedrnen RmerTs da gamoCnda naTelic. es iyoo ara-<br />
Rameuli naTeli, naTeli naTelsa Sina. Semdeg pavle hyveba: `Sua dRe gzasa zeda vi-<br />
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