iii_tomi.pdf
iii_tomi.pdf iii_tomi.pdf
vis, ucqire da daixsome, Wabuko~ 19 . oRond siRrmiseul planSi solidurad sxvaobs SuSanikisagan demonstrirebuli Tavisufleba da amaRlebuloba Trazeasa da sokratesagan (platonis `sokrates apologia~) warmoCenili Tavisuflebisagan. qristianuli xelovnebis gmiri amas aRwevs mas Semdeg, rac `gatexavs Tavis miwier guls, amaRldeba arsebobis bunebrivsa da sasrulo pirobebze~ 20 . xolo antikur gmirs aseTi Zalisxmeva ar sWirdeba, igi Tavidanve ideisa da realobis dasrulebuli mTlianobaa. raki iq principia `individis ganuyofeli mTlianoba Tavis SigniT da garegnul gamovlinebaSi, amitom uaryofiToba Sinagani gaorebisa da xelis aRebisa ver iqneba rogorc arsebiTi momenti~. 21 matlis Cvenebis zemoxsenebul scenas aseTi sagulisxmo StrixiT amTavrebs mwerali: `me miuge da varqu: `ZaZisa samoseli mcired-Ra Segeracxaa saguemelad, da aw matlTa magaTTvis mxiarul xar?~ da man mrqua me qenebiT: `nu vis Tana ity ZaZisa samoselisaTÂs cxorebasa Cemsa, rameTu adre yofad ars datevebaÁ ubadrukTa amaT ÃorcTa CemTaÁ~. rameTu Sinagan ZaZa emosa da aravin icoda Cemsa gareSe, xolo garegan kacTa Tualsa antioqiisa palekarti emosa~. ratom faravs martvili ZaZis samosels Zvirfasi antioquri palekartiT? sisxlTan SedarebiT ufro mokrZalebuli msxverplia ZaZiT Semosiloba da Tavmdablobis saTnoebis karnaxiT martvils ar surs asketuri SemarTebis gamofena (`raJams hyofde qvelis-saqmesa, nu scnobn marcxenaÁ Seni, rasa iqmodis marjunaÁ Seni~, maTe, 6.3). SuSaniki antioquri Zvirfasi qsoviliT Sekerili kabiT evlineba `kacTa Tualsa~. es triumfaluri samoseli asketis ZaZas faravs, ZaZa _ dawylulebul, matlebdaxveul sxeuls, damaxinjebuli sxeuli _ axovan suls, zecisa da miwis siyvaruliT anTebuls, amaRlebuls Tavisi ubedurebiT, ubedurs Tavisi fizikuri umweobiT. aq gmiris mxatvruli saxe TiTqos kontrapunqtis principiTaa agebuli: didebul samos- Si gamowyobili dedofali sapitiaxSosi da ZaZiT mosili, Seuracxyofili martvili mTlianobaSia, warsuli da awmyo, ocneba da sinamdvile erTadaa. rTuli, dramatulia es mTlianoba. xolo roca wamebis meeqvse wels cixeSi SuSaniks mazli jojiki moinaxulebs, qalis sxeulisa da sulis yvela iaras TiTqos erTbaSad piri gaexsnao, ise moedineba martvilis bageTagan muqara da wyeva, moTqma da sasoeba: `ganvisajneT me da varsqen pitiaxSi mun, sada-igi ara ars TualRebaÁ winaSe msajulisa mis msajulTaÁsa da meufisa mis meufeTaÁsa. sada ara ars rCevaÁ mamakacisa da dedakacisaÁ, sada me da man swori sityuaÁ vTquaT winaSe uflisa Cuenisa iesu qristÀsa; miagos mas ufalman, vi- Tar man uJamod nayofni Cemni moisTulna da sanTeli Cemi daSrita da yuavili Cemi daaWno, SuenierebaÁ sikeTisa CemisaÁ daabnela da dideba Cemi daamdabla~. qristianuli aRmsareblobisaTvis miwieri sinamdvile sruliad ar warmoadgens borotebas. RmerTia Semqmneli yovelivesi da mis mier Seqmnili samyaro masve miemar- Teba, Camohgavs. materialuri sinamdvilis faseuloba imiTac dasturdeba, rom absoluturi suli misiT imoseba (qristes xorcSesxmis aqti). amitomac qristianuli es- Tetika da xelovneba grZnobadi sinamdvilis SiSvel uaryofas ar axdens Tavis saukeTeso qmnilebebSi. adamianuri arsebobis miwier-materialuri aspeqti sulier-RvTaebrivTan SedarebiT da SepirispirebiT aris mdabali qristianuli xelovnebisaTvis. principi Sepirispireba-kontrastisa (antinomiurobisa) am xelovnebis stilisturi ni- Sania. 22 SuSanikis (saerTod, hagiografiuli gmiris) mxatvruli saxis SinaarsSi miwier-piraduli sawyisi Semotanilia da mas mizandasaxuli pozitiuri mniSvneloba da fasi aqvs. igi winaaRmdegobaSi aRmoCndeba idealurTan, sazogadosTan. Sinagani tkivilisa 19 Корнелий Тацит. Сочинения в двух томах, т. I, Л., 1969, с. 326. 20 Гегель. Эстетика, т. III, М.,1971, с. 209. 21 Гегель. Эстетика, т. I I, с. 244. 22 amis Taobaze ix. g. farulava. mxatvruli saxis bunebisaTvis Zvel qarTul prozaSi. gv. 20- 28, 53-56. 68
da gaorebis safasurad martvili maRldeba materialurze, piradulze. `samyaro sulisa gamarjvebas zeimobs garegan samyaroze da moaswavebs am gamarjvebas TviT am garegani samyaros farglebSi da imave samyaroze, da, amis kvalobaze, grZnobadi movlena ufasurdeba~. 23 sulis am amaRlebas Tavisi Tavisaken hegeli mravalgzis warmoaCens Sua saukuneTa xelovnebis analizisas: `...es amaRlebuloba Seadgens ZiriTad princips romantikuli xelovnebisa~ (hegeli Sua saukuneebis xelovnebas `romantikuls~ uwodebs, xolo mis upirveles nimuSad warmoudgeba `religiuri sfero romantikuli xelovnebisa~. 24 ix. misi `esTetika~, t II). SuSanikis amaRlebulobis gancdasac msxverplad mitanilis faseulobis Segneba asazrdoebs. rac ufro realuria am faseulobis Segneba, miT ufro mZafria winaaRmdegobis tkivili; rac ufro mZafria gaorebis tkivili, miT ufro zemoqmedia amaRlebulobis gancda, romelic Sinagani tkivilisa da gaorebis daZlevas eltvis ideal- Si. amgvarad, pirvelsave qarTul hagiografiul Txzulebas sruliad cxadi fsiqologiuri konfliqtis atmosferoSi SevyavarT. yovelive zemoTqmuli met-naklebi sisruliT esadageba qarTuli martirologiis yvela Zegls, magaliTad, iovane sabanisZis `habo tfilelis martvilobas~, VIII s. nawarmoebs, romelic mogviTxrobs, Tu rogor awames arabebma qristianobisa da saqarTvelos erTgulebisaTvis TavianTi Tanamemamule. oRond imisaTvis, raTa sityva ar gagvigrZeldes, Cven am Txzulebidan, iseve rogorc sxva hagiografiuli nawarmoebebidan, upiratesad CamovTvliT an zogadad mivu- TiTebT martvilis im moqmedebebs, romlebic gmiris mxatvruli modelis erT aspeqts _ zogads, idealurs _ warmoaCens. amgvar moqmedebaTa principuli azri imis msgavsia, rac `SuSanikis wamebasTan~ dakavSirebiT warmovaCineT, Tanac samecniero literaturaSi ufro cnobili da gaanalizebuli. yuradRebas sagangebod iseT epizodebze SevaCerebT, roca gmiris saxeSi kerZo, miwieri sawyisi sacnaurdeba da RvTaebrivs upirispirdeba. abos sulieri amaRlebuloba imaSic vlindeba, rom man tomobrivi da sarwmunoebrivi borkilebi daamsxvria, `dauteva mamaÁ da dedaÁ da Zmani da dani da naTesavni da monagebni da agarakebi~ da sarwmunoebrivi WeSmaritebis maZiebeli saqarTveloSi movida. xolo naTlisRebis Semdgom abo iwyebs cxovrebas xorciel saWiroebaTadmi gamorCeuli TavSekavebiT: `dumiliTa da marxviTa moauZlurebda igi ÃorcTa maT si- Wabukisa TÂsisaTa... egreT ganvlo sam TTue~. xolo roca abo nerse erisTavTan erTad dasavleT saqarTvelodan aRmosavleTSi midis, afxazeTis mTavari uTvaliswinebs, rom iq, viTarca arabTagan pyrobil mxare- Si, mahmadianTagan safrTxe emuqreba. abo miugebs, rom eg yvelaferi gaTvaliswinebuli aqvs da mzadaa tanjvisaTvis, sikvdilisaTvisac ki. meored Sepyrobis win abos afrTxileben keTilismyofelni, Tu ra safrTxe emuqreba. `me ara xolo tanjvad ganmzadebul var qristesTÂs, aramed sikudidca~, _ ambobs arabi Wabuki. saocar Seupovrobas avlens abo, roca mas pirvelad esaubreba Tbilisis amira. sikvdilis muqarasac da oqro-vercxlis aRTqmasac igi erTnairi Sinagani TavisuflebiTa da zizRiT ukuagdebs. aseve gawbilebulni aRmoCndebian abos- Tan sapatimro senakSi Sesulni `crumoZRuarni igi da Semasmenelni~, romelTac `ver SeZres marTali igi~. aq zogadad moxseniebul yvela epizodSi warmoisaxeba da STambeWdav gancdad xmianobs martvilis suliereba, qeduxrelobiTa da Rrma RvTismosaobiT aRbeWdili. gansakuTrebuli ZaliT ki rwmenis simtkice da nebis Tavisuflebis Seuvaloba im scena- Si ikveTeba, roca Tbilisis amira meore, ukanasknel dakiTxvaze ixmobs abos. am epizodis mxatvruli struqtura da azri warmoCenilia samecniero literaturaSi 25 da 23 Гегель. Эстетика, т. I, М., 1968, с. 86. 24 Гегель. Эстетика, т. II, с. 232. p. 25 g. farulava. mxatvruli saxis bunebisaTvis Zvel qarTul prozaSi. gv. 199-201. 69
- Page 18 and 19: xedviT. Yyofiereba miCneulia sikeTe
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- Page 72 and 73: Sinagani konfliqtis Sinaarsis aspeq
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da gaorebis safasurad martvili maRldeba materialurze, piradulze. `samyaro sulisa<br />
gamarjvebas zeimobs garegan samyaroze da moaswavebs am gamarjvebas TviT am<br />
garegani samyaros farglebSi da imave samyaroze, da, amis kvalobaze, grZnobadi movlena<br />
ufasurdeba~. 23 sulis am amaRlebas Tavisi Tavisaken hegeli mravalgzis warmoaCens<br />
Sua saukuneTa xelovnebis analizisas: `...es amaRlebuloba Seadgens ZiriTad<br />
princips romantikuli xelovnebisa~ (hegeli Sua saukuneebis xelovnebas `romantikuls~<br />
uwodebs, xolo mis upirveles nimuSad warmoudgeba `religiuri sfero romantikuli<br />
xelovnebisa~. 24 ix. misi `esTetika~, t II).<br />
SuSanikis amaRlebulobis gancdasac msxverplad mitanilis faseulobis Segneba<br />
asazrdoebs. rac ufro realuria am faseulobis Segneba, miT ufro mZafria winaaRmdegobis<br />
tkivili; rac ufro mZafria gaorebis tkivili, miT ufro zemoqmedia amaRlebulobis<br />
gancda, romelic Sinagani tkivilisa da gaorebis daZlevas eltvis ideal-<br />
Si. amgvarad, pirvelsave qarTul hagiografiul Txzulebas sruliad cxadi fsiqologiuri<br />
konfliqtis atmosferoSi SevyavarT.<br />
yovelive zemoTqmuli met-naklebi sisruliT esadageba qarTuli martirologiis<br />
yvela Zegls, magaliTad, iovane sabanisZis `habo tfilelis martvilobas~, VIII s.<br />
nawarmoebs, romelic mogviTxrobs, Tu rogor awames arabebma qristianobisa da<br />
saqarTvelos erTgulebisaTvis TavianTi Tanamemamule.<br />
oRond imisaTvis, raTa sityva ar gagvigrZeldes, Cven am Txzulebidan, iseve rogorc<br />
sxva hagiografiuli nawarmoebebidan, upiratesad CamovTvliT an zogadad mivu-<br />
TiTebT martvilis im moqmedebebs, romlebic gmiris mxatvruli modelis erT aspeqts<br />
_ zogads, idealurs _ warmoaCens. amgvar moqmedebaTa principuli azri imis msgavsia,<br />
rac `SuSanikis wamebasTan~ dakavSirebiT warmovaCineT, Tanac samecniero literaturaSi<br />
ufro cnobili da gaanalizebuli. yuradRebas sagangebod iseT epizodebze SevaCerebT,<br />
roca gmiris saxeSi kerZo, miwieri sawyisi sacnaurdeba da RvTaebrivs upirispirdeba.<br />
abos sulieri amaRlebuloba imaSic vlindeba, rom man tomobrivi da sarwmunoebrivi<br />
borkilebi daamsxvria, `dauteva mamaÁ da dedaÁ da Zmani da dani da naTesavni<br />
da monagebni da agarakebi~ da sarwmunoebrivi WeSmaritebis maZiebeli saqarTveloSi<br />
movida. xolo naTlisRebis Semdgom abo iwyebs cxovrebas xorciel saWiroebaTadmi<br />
gamorCeuli TavSekavebiT: `dumiliTa da marxviTa moauZlurebda igi ÃorcTa maT si-<br />
Wabukisa TÂsisaTa... egreT ganvlo sam TTue~.<br />
xolo roca abo nerse erisTavTan erTad dasavleT saqarTvelodan aRmosavleTSi<br />
midis, afxazeTis mTavari uTvaliswinebs, rom iq, viTarca arabTagan pyrobil mxare-<br />
Si, mahmadianTagan safrTxe emuqreba. abo miugebs, rom eg yvelaferi gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
aqvs da mzadaa tanjvisaTvis, sikvdilisaTvisac ki.<br />
meored Sepyrobis win abos afrTxileben keTilismyofelni, Tu ra safrTxe emuqreba.<br />
`me ara xolo tanjvad ganmzadebul var qristesTÂs, aramed sikudidca~, _ ambobs<br />
arabi Wabuki. saocar Seupovrobas avlens abo, roca mas pirvelad esaubreba<br />
Tbilisis amira. sikvdilis muqarasac da oqro-vercxlis aRTqmasac igi erTnairi Sinagani<br />
TavisuflebiTa da zizRiT ukuagdebs. aseve gawbilebulni aRmoCndebian abos-<br />
Tan sapatimro senakSi Sesulni `crumoZRuarni igi da Semasmenelni~, romelTac `ver<br />
SeZres marTali igi~.<br />
aq zogadad moxseniebul yvela epizodSi warmoisaxeba da STambeWdav gancdad xmianobs<br />
martvilis suliereba, qeduxrelobiTa da Rrma RvTismosaobiT aRbeWdili. gansakuTrebuli<br />
ZaliT ki rwmenis simtkice da nebis Tavisuflebis Seuvaloba im scena-<br />
Si ikveTeba, roca Tbilisis amira meore, ukanasknel dakiTxvaze ixmobs abos. am epizodis<br />
mxatvruli struqtura da azri warmoCenilia samecniero literaturaSi 25 da<br />
23 Гегель. Эстетика, т. I, М., 1968, с. 86.<br />
24 Гегель. Эстетика, т. II, с. 232. p.<br />
25 g. farulava. mxatvruli saxis bunebisaTvis Zvel qarTul prozaSi. gv. 199-201.<br />
69
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