iii_tomi.pdf
iii_tomi.pdf iii_tomi.pdf
entaciasTan erTad, qarTul kulturas aRmosavlur kulturebTanac ar gauwyvetia kavSiri. da amas geografiuli, politikuri Tu ekonomikuri faqtorebi ki ar ganapirobebda mxolod, aramed sulieri ganviTarebis tendenciebic. soflisa da zesTasoflis dualizmis Signidanve daZleva is ZiriTadi winapiroba iyo, uromlisodac Sua saukuneTa viTarebaSi verasgziT ver moxerxdeboda mwerloba daswrafeboda xalxuri Semoqmedebis uSretsa da macocxlebel nakads. rogorc miTosi, ise sakuTriv folklori mTliani samyarosa da mTliani adamianis gagebidan amodis intuiturad. magram es aris mTlianobis sawyisi safexuri, refleqsiiT jerac gauSuqebeli safexuri, romelic Tavdapirvelad ukugdebul unda iqnas, raTa Semdgom sul sxva sibrtyeSi ganxorcieldes Serwyma. uamisod folkloruli nakadi Tundac momxibvleli gulubryvilobisa da primitivizmis mets bevrs verafers SesZens literaturas. soflisa da zesTasoflis mourigebeli dualizmis poziciaze mdgar avtorTaTvis absoluturad ucxo unda yofiliyo samyarosa da adamianis is harmoniuli aRqma, raic impulsurad axasiaTebs yovelgvar miTosursa Tu folklorul qmnilebas. sagulisxmoa, rom momdevno epoqebSi rac ufro uaxlovdeba esa Tu is avtori mTliani samyarosada mTliani adamianis ideals, miT ufro Zalumad igrZnoba mis SemoqmedebaSi swrafva xalxuri sawyisebisken (giorgi merCule, giorgi mcire, rus- Taveli, guramiSvili, vaJa-fSavela). da amiT, xalxuri Semoqmedebisadmi swrafviT, qristianul msoflmxedvelobas ki ar Sordebian es avtorebi, aramed swored misi arsebis Rrmad gagebas gvidastureben. diax, Cvenamde moRweul uZveles literaturul qmnilebaTa avtorebi jer ar arian asulni iseT simaRleze, maT jer ar CauRweviaT iseTi siRrmeebisaTvis, rodesac azris zeoba TavisTavad moiTxovs da ganapirobebs mibrunebas im gonebiswamRebi simartivisken, raic xalxur SemoqmedebaSia warmoCenili. magram isini ukve arian, dRevandeli gamoTqma rom moviSvelioT, WeSmariti profesionalebi. literaturis kanonebs maTTvis ukve TavisTavadi, TviTmkmari Rirebuleba aqvT SeZenili, isini uWirvelad axerxeben adamianis arsebaSi mimdinare uRrmes fsiqiur procesTa wvdomasa da gadmocemas, gonebis urTules monapovarTa ga- Tavisebas, saTqmelis gamoxatvas imgvari stilisturi, mxatvruli, saerTod, enobrivi saSualebebiT, rom maTi ena maTematikuri formulis srulyofilebas uaxlovdeba xSirad. yovelive es ukve TvalsaCinoa iakob xucesis qmnilebaSic da momdevno xanis ZeglebSic. Tu aviRebT, magaliTad, iseT maradiulsa da, amave dros, Znelad dasaZlev Temas mxatvruli literaturisa, rogoric aris soflis mswraflwarmavaloba da amaoeba (rasac, rogorc cnobilia, Sua saukuneebSic da axal epoqebSic qristianuli da islamuri, agreTve sxva aRmosavluri literaturebis Sedevrebi mieZRvna), vnaxavT, rom iakob xucesi aramcTu organulad icnobs am Temas, aramcTu axerxebs daxvewili li-teraturuli saSualebebiT mis damuSavebas, aramed im niuansis gaTvaliswinebiTac amuSavebs mas, rom, soflis mswraflwarmavali bunebis miuxedavad am sakiTxSi dogmaturi qristianobis mier boZebul receptTa miuxedavad, ara suldgmuls ar eTmoba sofeli, romelTan ganSorebac im agreTve maradiulsa da Znelad gamosaxatav sevdas aRZravs, mSvenebas rom aniWebda yoveli drois literaturas. sagulisxmoa, rom xsenebuli literaturuli Temis irgvliv saubars TavisTavad mivyavarT im pirvelwyaromde, im safuZvlamde, romelsac daemyara mwerloba araerT qveyanaSi. qristianuli saRvTo wignebi gaxlavT es pirvelwyaro, saimdroodac da momdevno epoqebSic ganuzomlad didi literaturuli Rirebulebis mqone, rameTu ar darCenila kacTa modgmis cxovrebis, kacobriul urTierTobaTa da mimarTebaTa TiTqmis arc erTi aspeqti, Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignebSi rom ar yofiliyos gaTvaliswinebuli da maRalmxatvruli saSualebebiT damuSavebuli. am wignTa gacnoba ukve TavisTavad niSnavda umaRlesi donis mwerlobasTan ziarebas, Zveli da axali aR- Tqmis wignebSi arsebuli novelebi, igavebi Tu calkeuli prozauli pasaJebi, `fsalmunis~, `qeba qebaTas~, `ekleziastes~ igavmiuwvdeneli poeturi memkvidreoba ukve moicavda im Temebs, ideebs, problemebs, gancdebsa da ganwyobilebebs, romlebiTac suldgmulobda yoveli epoqisa da yoveli geografiuli ganedis literatura. (am gans- 6
jaT r. TvaraZe kvalSi miadevnebs erTob sagulisxmo magaliTebs maRalmxatvruli pasaJebisa wminda werilidan, romelTac esesxebian da ebaZebian Zveli da axali qar- Tuli mwerlobis ZeglTa avtorebi). `Z v e l i a R T q m a ~ `da abraam iyo moxucebuli, gardasrul dReTa~ (Sesaqme, 24, 1); `...isu moxucebul iyo da gardasrul dReTa~ (isu nave 23, 1); `da mefe daviT iyo moxucebuli, gardasrul dReTa misTa~ (mesame mefeTa 1, 1). `...xilva RvTisa ixila Zilsa Sina zemxilvariTa TvaliTa TvisiTa~ (ricxvTa, 24, 4). `...igi Tavadi ars RmerTi RmerTTa da ufali uflebaTa...~ (meore sjuli, 10, 17) `rameTu ganacxada dafaruli igi...~ (meore sjuli, 27, 19); `igi (RmerTi) gamoacxadebs RrmaTa da dafarulTa~ (daniel, 2, 22); (RmerTma) `dafaruli cxad yo~ (meore makabelTa, 12, 41). `...raJams ecruvneT ufalsa...~ (isu nave, 24, 27); `...mecruvnes me...~ (meore mefeTa, 22, 45); `ara vecruo sityvaTa Sina...~ (iobi, 6, 10); `...gecruvnes Sen...~ (ieremia, 12, 6). `...qveyana SeiZra da canica SeZrwundes da Rrubelni crodes wyalTa~ (msajul- Ta, 5, 4). `...nu iqadin Zlieri ZaliTa TvisiTa...~ (pirveli mefeTa, 2, 10). RmerTma `...mosces Zalai mefeTa...~ (pirveli mefeTa, 2, 10). `...galobdes da xldodes winwiliTa sixarulisaTa da ebniTa~ (pirveli mefeTa, 18, 6). `...yovelni qalaqni magarni...~ (meore neStTa, 8, 4); `qalaqi magari~ (esaia, 27, 3); `...qalaqni Senni magarni~ (miqia, 7, 12). `da ucxoTeslTaganica iosafats ZRvensa sZRvenobdes...~ (meore neStTa, 17, 11) `...hoÁ, naTelo TvalTa CvenTao...~ (tobia, 10, 4) 7 `vefxistyaosani~ `me gardasrulvar, sibere mWirs...~ (36). `qali mzebr uWvrets yovelTa cnobiTa zemxedveliTa~ (45). `...ufalo uflebaTao~ (809). `gagicxada damaluli gonebaman dafarulman~ (1295); `bolos asre gaacxadna gonebaman dafarulni~ (1453). `ver vecruvebi, ver vuzam mas xelmwifesa mziansa~ (797). `agrgvinda ca da Rrubelni crodes brolisa cvariTa~ (1329). `kaco, Zalsa nu iqadi...~ `Zali momec da Sewevna...~ (6) `...xma winwilisa, ebnisa~ (1122). `qalaqi mqonda magari...~ (559). `...ZRvensa sZRvnides iefosa~ (142); `ufasosa ZRvensa sZRvnobdi~ (156). `...naTelo TvalTa CemTao~ (1592).
- Page 2 and 3: g a m o c d e b i s e r o v n u l i
- Page 4 and 5: S e s a v a l i `maswavleblis bibli
- Page 8 and 9: RmerTi, `romeli hyofs simdablesa ma
- Page 10 and 11: ne) zviadi maRalfardovnebisagan. io
- Page 12 and 13: ad aRmoCnda, rom igi RmerTia~. miwi
- Page 14 and 15: met xans rom grZeldeba, TiTqmis mTl
- Page 16 and 17: movediT, Zmano, STavixedneT saflavT
- Page 18 and 19: xedviT. Yyofiereba miCneulia sikeTe
- Page 20 and 21: mianiSnebs kaeSans, Rimili - naTels
- Page 22 and 23: axali drois Teologiuri azrovneba eT
- Page 24 and 25: nawarmoebi, mxolod esTetikuri TvalT
- Page 26 and 27: lis moxmareba ki ar ikrZaleba, aram
- Page 28 and 29: wmindanis ltolva wmindanobisaken, m
- Page 30 and 31: viT garejelis mowafe lukiane cxadad
- Page 32 and 33: arc mxolod TanamedroveTa zogadi dam
- Page 34 and 35: `cxovrebaTa~ gmiri Tavidanve nebayo
- Page 36 and 37: zurgs aqceven, uSurvelad gascemen q
- Page 38 and 39: X-XI ss-Si asketizmis esTetikis gam
- Page 40 and 41: SemosZarcvia suls, didi Zalisxmevis
- Page 42 and 43: `saSen masalad~ iSviaTad iyenebs ko
- Page 44 and 45: om, stereotipi nakli ki ar aris amg
- Page 46 and 47: azriT, `qarTuli hagiografiis dasawy
- Page 48 and 49: Zlieri damakavSirebeli rgoli iyo bi
- Page 50 and 51: ne Sesagragnelad mCuari wmidaÁ wmi
- Page 52 and 53: iakob xucesis `SuSanikis wameba~ 52
- Page 54 and 55: aris dakavSirebuli, wmindani uwmind
entaciasTan erTad, qarTul kulturas aRmosavlur kulturebTanac ar gauwyvetia<br />
kavSiri. da amas geografiuli, politikuri Tu ekonomikuri faqtorebi ki ar ganapirobebda<br />
mxolod, aramed sulieri ganviTarebis tendenciebic.<br />
soflisa da zesTasoflis dualizmis Signidanve daZleva is ZiriTadi winapiroba<br />
iyo, uromlisodac Sua saukuneTa viTarebaSi verasgziT ver moxerxdeboda mwerloba<br />
daswrafeboda xalxuri Semoqmedebis uSretsa da macocxlebel nakads. rogorc<br />
miTosi, ise sakuTriv folklori mTliani samyarosa da mTliani adamianis gagebidan<br />
amodis intuiturad. magram es aris mTlianobis sawyisi safexuri, refleqsiiT jerac<br />
gauSuqebeli safexuri, romelic Tavdapirvelad ukugdebul unda iqnas, raTa Semdgom<br />
sul sxva sibrtyeSi ganxorcieldes Serwyma. uamisod folkloruli nakadi Tundac<br />
momxibvleli gulubryvilobisa da primitivizmis mets bevrs verafers SesZens literaturas.<br />
soflisa da zesTasoflis mourigebeli dualizmis poziciaze mdgar avtorTaTvis<br />
absoluturad ucxo unda yofiliyo samyarosa da adamianis is harmoniuli<br />
aRqma, raic impulsurad axasiaTebs yovelgvar miTosursa Tu folklorul qmnilebas.<br />
sagulisxmoa, rom momdevno epoqebSi rac ufro uaxlovdeba esa Tu is avtori<br />
mTliani samyarosada mTliani adamianis ideals, miT ufro Zalumad igrZnoba mis<br />
SemoqmedebaSi swrafva xalxuri sawyisebisken (giorgi merCule, giorgi mcire, rus-<br />
Taveli, guramiSvili, vaJa-fSavela). da amiT, xalxuri Semoqmedebisadmi swrafviT,<br />
qristianul msoflmxedvelobas ki ar Sordebian es avtorebi, aramed swored misi<br />
arsebis Rrmad gagebas gvidastureben. diax, Cvenamde moRweul uZveles literaturul<br />
qmnilebaTa avtorebi jer ar arian asulni iseT simaRleze, maT jer ar CauRweviaT<br />
iseTi siRrmeebisaTvis, rodesac azris zeoba TavisTavad moiTxovs da ganapirobebs<br />
mibrunebas im gonebiswamRebi simartivisken, raic xalxur SemoqmedebaSia warmoCenili.<br />
magram isini ukve arian, dRevandeli gamoTqma rom moviSvelioT, WeSmariti<br />
profesionalebi. literaturis kanonebs maTTvis ukve TavisTavadi, TviTmkmari Rirebuleba<br />
aqvT SeZenili, isini uWirvelad axerxeben adamianis arsebaSi mimdinare uRrmes<br />
fsiqiur procesTa wvdomasa da gadmocemas, gonebis urTules monapovarTa ga-<br />
Tavisebas, saTqmelis gamoxatvas imgvari stilisturi, mxatvruli, saerTod, enobrivi<br />
saSualebebiT, rom maTi ena maTematikuri formulis srulyofilebas uaxlovdeba<br />
xSirad. yovelive es ukve TvalsaCinoa iakob xucesis qmnilebaSic da momdevno xanis<br />
ZeglebSic. Tu aviRebT, magaliTad, iseT maradiulsa da, amave dros, Znelad dasaZlev<br />
Temas mxatvruli literaturisa, rogoric aris soflis mswraflwarmavaloba<br />
da amaoeba (rasac, rogorc cnobilia, Sua saukuneebSic da axal epoqebSic qristianuli<br />
da islamuri, agreTve sxva aRmosavluri literaturebis Sedevrebi mieZRvna),<br />
vnaxavT, rom iakob xucesi aramcTu organulad icnobs am Temas, aramcTu axerxebs<br />
daxvewili li-teraturuli saSualebebiT mis damuSavebas, aramed im niuansis gaTvaliswinebiTac<br />
amuSavebs mas, rom, soflis mswraflwarmavali bunebis miuxedavad am<br />
sakiTxSi dogmaturi qristianobis mier boZebul receptTa miuxedavad, ara suldgmuls<br />
ar eTmoba sofeli, romelTan ganSorebac im agreTve maradiulsa da Znelad<br />
gamosaxatav sevdas aRZravs, mSvenebas rom aniWebda yoveli drois literaturas.<br />
sagulisxmoa, rom xsenebuli literaturuli Temis irgvliv saubars TavisTavad<br />
mivyavarT im pirvelwyaromde, im safuZvlamde, romelsac daemyara mwerloba araerT<br />
qveyanaSi. qristianuli saRvTo wignebi gaxlavT es pirvelwyaro, saimdroodac da<br />
momdevno epoqebSic ganuzomlad didi literaturuli Rirebulebis mqone, rameTu ar<br />
darCenila kacTa modgmis cxovrebis, kacobriul urTierTobaTa da mimarTebaTa TiTqmis<br />
arc erTi aspeqti, Zveli da axali aRTqmis wignebSi rom ar yofiliyos gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
da maRalmxatvruli saSualebebiT damuSavebuli. am wignTa gacnoba ukve<br />
TavisTavad niSnavda umaRlesi donis mwerlobasTan ziarebas, Zveli da axali aR-<br />
Tqmis wignebSi arsebuli novelebi, igavebi Tu calkeuli prozauli pasaJebi, `fsalmunis~,<br />
`qeba qebaTas~, `ekleziastes~ igavmiuwvdeneli poeturi memkvidreoba ukve moicavda<br />
im Temebs, ideebs, problemebs, gancdebsa da ganwyobilebebs, romlebiTac suldgmulobda<br />
yoveli epoqisa da yoveli geografiuli ganedis literatura. (am gans-<br />
6
Change language