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liTac ukavSirdeba sikeTisaTvis mebrZoli don kixotisa da Tavisuflebismoyvare<br />
oilenSpigelis saxelebs mkiTxvelis cnobierebaSi.<br />
ticianma am Zegls uwoda `udidesi epopea me-18 saukunis feodalur saqarTvelosi~<br />
(t. tabiZe, werilebi, narkvevebi, Tb., 1957, gv. 72). `xumarswavla~ erT-erTi yvelaze<br />
tragikuli wignia qarTuli mwerlobis istoriaSi. Txzulebis keTili gmirebi marcxdebian<br />
(zuraba Tavs iklavs), maT Trgunavs garemomcveli boroteba, ingreva saqar-<br />
Tvelos feodaluri monarqia, nadgurdeba adamianuri idealebi. qarTuli literaturisaTvis<br />
ucxoa aseTi uimedoba da sasowarkveTa, amgvari tragikuli paTosi, magram<br />
unda gvaxsovdes, vin aris am nawarmoebis avtori da rodis iwereboda es Zegli.<br />
savsebiT naTeli warmodgena Segveqmneba ioane batoniSvilis miznebsa da ocnebebze,<br />
Tuki gavecnobiT kanonproeqtTa erT-erT umniSvnelovanes krebuls qarTuli samarTlis<br />
istoriaSi _ `sjuldebas~, romelic mxolod qaRaldze darCa, radgan ioane<br />
batoniSvilis patriotul SemarTebas win gadaulaxavi dabrkoleba eloda: gardaicvala<br />
giorgi XII, saqarTvelo ruseTs SeuerTda, batoniSvilebi ruseTSi gadaasaxles<br />
da ioanes gegmebic ganuxorcielebeli darCa. albaT, yvelaze sastiki dartyma mis-<br />
Tvis mainc is iyo, rom ruseTSi `miwveul~ batoniSvilebs samudamod aekrZalaT sam-<br />
SobloSi dabruneba. ioanes adiutantis, gabriel ratiSvilis, Txrobis mixedviT, imdenad<br />
didi iyo qarTveli batoniSvilebis sasowarkveTa am ambis Setyobisas, rom<br />
TviT am brZanebis wamkiTxavi vinme nikolai kamenski aatira kidec qarTveli mamuli-<br />
Svilebis ubedurebam (g. ratiSvili, dasax. naSr., gv. 178-179).<br />
`Tu Tavisi reformebis proeqtSi ioane batoniSvilma gamoarkvia rogor SeiZleboda,<br />
misi azriT, saqarTvelos feodaluri monarqiis ganaxleba da qarTveli eris<br />
gamoyvana progresis gzaze, `kalmasobaSi~ man dagvanaxa, rom srsvili RrRnida mTels<br />
erovnul sxeuls, rom yvelaze metad swored misi mTavari organoebi, ese igi gabatonebuli<br />
da mmarTveli wreebi, iyvnen daavadebuli~ (g. qiqoZe, dasax. naSr., gv. 184).<br />
ioane batoniSvili Tavisi Txzulebis erT-erTi epizoduri personaJia da igi nawarmoebSi<br />
mudam mesame pirSi ixsenieba: `...da gaemarTnen siRnaRisaken batonis-Svils<br />
ioanesTan~, `da mcire xnis ukan batonis-Svils ioanesTan waiyvana...~; magram uaRresad<br />
mniSvnelovania, rom swored avtori afasebs ioane beris moRvaweobas saxarebiseuli<br />
fraziT: `netar iyvnen devnulni simarTlisaTvis~, rac, faqtobrivad, nawarmoebis<br />
mTavari personaJis mxatvruli funqciis gansazRvracaa. maT saubarSi beri batoniSvils<br />
Tavis gaWirvebas SesCivis:<br />
`ioane: swores TqmisaTvis kinaRam qva damkribes.<br />
batonis-Svili: netareba mogewereba qristes brZanebisamebr.<br />
ioane: viTar?<br />
batonis-Svili: netar iyvnen devnulni simarTlisaTvis, rameTu maTi ars<br />
sasufeveli caTa~.<br />
es fraza (`netar iyvnen devnulni simarTlisaTvis~) TxzulebaSi Semdeg ukve ioane<br />
beris piriT meordeba da am ideis gansxeulebas warmoadgens. ioane batoniSvils<br />
nawarmoebis mTavari gmiri ainteresebs, rogorc garkveuli msoflmxedveloba, rogorc<br />
`ideis matarebeli~ personaJi. `xumarswavlaSi~ saqarTvelos realuri viTarebis<br />
obieqtur asaxvasTan erTad gadmocemulia feodaluri monarqiis ngrevasTan<br />
dakavSirebuli subieqturi tkivili, romelic xelaSvilis cnobierebaSi nafleT-nafleT,<br />
tragikul epizodebad irekleba. gare ralobasTan urTierToba ki ar warmoaCens<br />
ioane bers, rogorc individualizebul literaturul xasiaTs, aramed TviT<br />
xelaSvilis cnobiereba aris am realobis aRqmisa da Sefasebis erTgvari kriteriumi.<br />
swored am dros gamovlenili misi pirovnuli pozicia warmoadgens mas dasrulebul<br />
mxatvrul saxed. Tavisi gmiri avtors ainteresebs, rogorc garkveuli msoflmxedveloba<br />
da es msoflmxedveloba borotebiTa da uvicobiT aRsavse gare realobasTan<br />
urTierTobisas ayalibebs am personaJis xasiaTsa da daniSnulebas (gamoxatuls bibliuri<br />
fraziT: `netar iyvnen devnulni simarTlisaTvis~). `xumarswavlaSi~ gadmoce-<br />
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