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mo sayvarelo, imyofebi sada? qvesknelsa var, vera vxedav, megulvebi cada, meajebi, nu gamwirav, wamiyvane manda!~ (145). es meore nawili rom qristes gulisxmobs, Tavis- Tavad cxadia. magram aq mocemuli ori saxis simboluri gaerTianebis SesaZlebloba naTelyo k. kekeliZem. amasve aRniSnavs g. qiqoZec (I, 56). aq aucilebelia erTi faqtoris damatebac. esaa saxeTSorisi mediumi. zubovkeli qalis saxidan macxovris warmodgenaze gadasvla ver moxdeboda uSualod. maT Soris gasaTvaliswinebelia `mediumi~ (SemakavSirebeli faqtori). aseTi mediumia siyvaruli, ufro zustad, `siyvarulis siyvaruli~ (avgustines `aRsarebanSicaa~ (w. I. T. I)) `siyvarulis siyvaruli~ da rusTavelTanac: _ `mijnursa mijnuroba uyvardes~ (str. 11). zubovkeli qali aRZravs siyvaruls da am `siyvarulis siyvaruliT~ poeti waremarTeba RvTisaken, radgan – `RmerTi siyvaruli ars~ (I i. 4, 8). ase xdeba zubovkelis siyvarulis `sublimacia~ qristes siyvarulSi. yovelive es Cven aq movitaneT, raTa kidev erTxel gagvemaxvilebina yuradReba saxeTa orplanian arsebobaze TviT amgvari paradoqsuli formiT: qali – qriste. mas wanamZRvars uqmnis aseTi paralelizmi: sayvareli – qriste, rac `daviTianSic~ gvxvdeba (imave periodis lirikaSi gvxvdeba simbolika: satrfo – samSoblo, romelic XIX saukunis poeziaSic imemkvidres al. WavWavaZem, a. wereTelma). saxeSi `qali – qriste~ sabolood amosacnobia RvTaeba, Tumca es rodi niSnavs, rom pirveli saxe fiqciaa. gamonagonic rom iyos im qalTan Sexvedra, es sruliadac ver uaryofs mxatvrulad mis realisturobas. mxatvrulad esaa sruliad plastikur-sagnobrivad aRsaqmeli saxe. misi gancdac konkretul-realisturia. saqmec swored isa, rom TviT amgvarma realurma gancdam SeiZleba moitanos mistikuri xedva. realuri gancda xdeba impulsi iracionaluri xilvisa. mxatvruli saxis amgvar orplanianobasTan dakavSirebiT kidev ufro gveTqmis, rom misis erTi iersaxidan meoreze gadasvla sublimaciis xasiaTisaa. es sublimacia `yofiTi logikis~ planSi ver aixsneba, radgan is arc xdeba amgvari logikis mixedviT. amdenad, mrCobloba: daviT guramiSvili – daviT pirvelmgalobeli araa Sinaganad naklebSesaTavsebeli (roca Cven am mimarTebis safuZvlebi viciT), vidre: lamazi qali – qriste. erTis arseboba mxars uWers meores, kidev ufro bunebrivad xdis mas. kidev ufro naTlad ikveTeba d. guramiSvilis saxismetyvelebis kanonzomiereba: `daviTianSi~ `orsaxovania~ ara mxolod aRmqmeli `me~, aramed asaxuli sinamdvilec, mxatvruli saxeebic. `orsaxovan~ xatebSi TiToeul saxes TavisTavad mniSvneloba aqvs. amgvari orplanianoba efuZneba realurisa da idealuris urTierTmimarTebis imdroindel principebs: realoba mniSvnelobs mxolod simbolurad. masSi aucileblad unda Caidvas simboluri Sinaarsi. amisi SesaZlebloba ki usazRvrod gafarToebulia. orplanian saxeebSi wina plania saero, siRrmiseuli plani sulieria. esaa saero da saRmrTo azrovnebis nakadTa Serwyma mxatvrul saxeebSi. aqve Cans e. w. `orgvar sibrZneze moZRvrebis~ ganmsazRvreli gavlena imdroindel mxatvrul azrovnebaze. d. guramiSvilis poeziaSi, fsalmunTagan gansxvavebiT, iSviaTad Cans uSualo mimarTeba RvTaebasTan. Cveulebriv es xdeba orplaniani saxeebiT, romelTa wina plani (mzeTa-mze, satrfo da misTanani) TavisTavadi mniSvnelobisaa da saero sibrZnes avlens. aseve esmis mas sxvisi saxismetyvelebac. d. guramiSvili S. rusTavelze wers: odes brZenman ritorman SoTam rgo igavT xeo da, fesv Rrma-yo, Srtoni uCina, zed xili moiweoda. orgziTve nayofs miscemda, visganac moiweoda. (22). `igavT xe~, rogorc iTqva, nawarmoebis simbolurobas aRniSnavs, romelic araerTsaxovan Sinaars Seicavs; `orgvari nayofi~ ki orgvar sibrZnes gulisxmobs. aq aSkaraa `vefxistyaosnis~ vaxtangiseuli komentarebis gavlena, Tumca d. guramiSvili ufro zomier pozicias irCevs, vaxtangi ki oden saRvTo Sinaarsis amocnobas eswrafvis. CvenTvis am SemTxvevaSi mniSvneloba ara aqvs, Tu raoden Seesabameba es mosazreba `vefxistyaosnis~ WeSmarit bunebas. mTavaria, ras eZebs masSi d. guramiSvili da rasac `vefxistyaosanSi~ xedavs, masve aRniSnavs Tavis Semoqmedebaze (gavixsenoT: `davr- 302

ge igavT xe velad... aRvlian zed yrmani dasarxevelad~). es dasturdeba Semdegi sityvebiTac: aw me saero walkoti mgonia patiosani; miyvars da mal-mal msurian misTa yvavilTa ynosani, ganvSordi saRmrTo baRnarTa, vsTme mis bulbulTa osani, mivhyev sawuTro zRaparTa, Sevimqen arakosani. am sityvaxmarebiT `araki~, romelic `igavs~ ar Seicavs, mxolod `sawuTro zRaparia~ da adamians aSorebs `saRmrTo baRnars~. cxadia, es strofi ufro mokrZalebis gamomxatvelia. amitom amis mixedviT pirdapiri azriT daxasiaTeba `daviTianisa~ ar iqneboda mTlad zusti. 7. ramdenadac d. guramiSvili daviT-pirvelmgaloblis TvaliT uyurebs Tavis mxatvrul saxeebs, es gavlenas axdens missave poetur leqsikaze. Cven am SemTxvevaSi mxedvelobaSi ara gvaqvs `daviTianis~ konkretuli tropuli mimarTebani fsalmunTan an himnografiasTan (Tumca es TavisTavad mniSvnelovania). mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs misi enobrivi stilisTvis erTi friad damaxasiaTebeli ram: d. guramiSvilis poeturi metyveleba TiTqmis arasdros ar Sordeba, ase vTqvaT, adamisturi yofis realiebs da bunebis pirvelyofil suraTebs. qari, mze da varskvlavebi, baRi da venaxi, vazis rqa da yurZeni, ifqli da RvarZli da a. S., _ ZiriTadad eseni qmnian mis mxatvrul saxeebs. Tanac amgvari suraTebi pirvelyofili simartiviTa da SeumRvrevelobiTaa aRbeWdili. TiTqmis arsad ara Cans elituri yofis atributebi, romlebic mas unda exila an Tavis sasaxleSi an vaxtangis samefo karze. amgvar calkeul sasxvaTaSoriso sityvaxmarebas Crdilavs sxva nakadi: sikeTe da kacTa Soris Suri, mzis siTbosa da sicivis SegrZneba pirdapir cisqveSeTSi, bunebiTi siyvaruli an adamisturi SiSi da wyurvili, erotuli ltolva bunebis wiaRSi da Tandayolili codvilianoba. sasxvaTaSoriso xsenebis garda, arsadaa sagangebo aRwera imisa, Tu ras ganicdis is ojaxSi, an samefo sasaxleSi, anda Tundac eklesiaSi. igi amjobinebs gacilebiT zustad aRweros Tavisi gancdebi xaroSi tyveobis Jams, sadac is fiqrobs mxolod zecaze, an umweoba lafSi Cavardnilisa, kvlav zecis moimede rom rCeba. upirveles yovlisa, amgvari ram Cans mis leqsikaSi. magram es ar niSnavs misi poeturi azrovnebis simartives. es pirvelyofili bunebiTi suraTebi d. guramiSvilis SemoqmedebaSi axleburadaa gaSinaarsebuli. daviT guramiSvili leqsikiTac hbaZavs Tavis meore poetur `mes~, oRond am leqsikas sakuTari saTqmeliT tvirTavs. zogadad rom vTqvaT, d. guramiSvilis poeturi mrwamsiT, am pirvelad da maradiul saxeebSi sruliad SesaZlebelia gamoixatos kacTa Soris arsebuli, mudmiv Tanmdevi uarsebiTesi mimar- Tebani. da is, rac kacTaTvis yvelaze arsebiTia, umartivesicaa, viTarca umaRlesi da absoluturi WeSmaritebani. poets mzeTa-mzis erTaderToba ufro SeagrZnobinebs samyaros mTlianobas, vidre sagangebod gaRrmavebuli gansjani. `daviTiani~ sayuradReboa ara mxolod imiT, rasac amkvidrebs, aramed imiTac, Tu ras uaryofs. mis stilur Taviseburebebs gansazRvravda avtoris swrafva TviTSemecnebisaken. es ki unda warmarTuliyo uZvelesi epoqebidanve dasaxuli gzebiT, yovel SemTxvevaSi, maTi mimsgavsebuli formiT. tradiciasTan SexmianebiT xdeboda axali siRrmeebis xilva. amgvar TviTSemecnebas ki axlda ara mxolod sasurvelisaken swrafva, aramed miuReblis daZleva, bevri ramis uaryofa. maqsimaluri lakonizmi d. guramiSvilis stilisa udavod iyo reaqcia, erTi mxriv, sparsofilur `RvarWnilobaze~, yovelgvar `sityvaTa Sewmasnilobaze~ da, meore mxriv, antonis skolis mSral racionalizmze (Tu uSualod masze reaqcia ar gveTqmis, amgvari stilisturi klasicizmisadmi dapirispirebuloba mainc SeiZleba aRvniSnoT). Tanac, ufro saSiSi is iyo, rom yovelive es xdeboda sikeTis niSniT, TiTqosda, siaxlis damkvidrebis surviliT. mzisken mimavalni tevrSi Sediodnen. da roca gzis dakargvas mixvdnen, TiTqosda, ukve aRar iyo xsna. axali gza d. guramiSvilma monaxa: es iyo enis xalxuri da uZvelesi literaturuli memkvidreoba Tavisi SeumRvreveli, xalasi formiT. 303

mo sayvarelo, imyofebi sada? qvesknelsa var, vera vxedav, megulvebi cada, meajebi,<br />

nu gamwirav, wamiyvane manda!~ (145). es meore nawili rom qristes gulisxmobs, Tavis-<br />

Tavad cxadia. magram aq mocemuli ori saxis simboluri gaerTianebis SesaZlebloba<br />

naTelyo k. kekeliZem. amasve aRniSnavs g. qiqoZec (I, 56). aq aucilebelia erTi faqtoris<br />

damatebac. esaa saxeTSorisi mediumi.<br />

zubovkeli qalis saxidan macxovris warmodgenaze gadasvla ver moxdeboda uSualod.<br />

maT Soris gasaTvaliswinebelia `mediumi~ (SemakavSirebeli faqtori). aseTi mediumia<br />

siyvaruli, ufro zustad, `siyvarulis siyvaruli~ (avgustines `aRsarebanSicaa~<br />

(w. I. T. I)) `siyvarulis siyvaruli~ da rusTavelTanac: _ `mijnursa mijnuroba<br />

uyvardes~ (str. 11). zubovkeli qali aRZravs siyvaruls da am `siyvarulis siyvaruliT~<br />

poeti waremarTeba RvTisaken, radgan – `RmerTi siyvaruli ars~ (I i. 4, 8).<br />

ase xdeba zubovkelis siyvarulis `sublimacia~ qristes siyvarulSi.<br />

yovelive es Cven aq movitaneT, raTa kidev erTxel gagvemaxvilebina yuradReba saxeTa<br />

orplanian arsebobaze TviT amgvari paradoqsuli formiT: qali – qriste. mas<br />

wanamZRvars uqmnis aseTi paralelizmi: sayvareli – qriste, rac `daviTianSic~ gvxvdeba<br />

(imave periodis lirikaSi gvxvdeba simbolika: satrfo – samSoblo, romelic<br />

XIX saukunis poeziaSic imemkvidres al. WavWavaZem, a. wereTelma). saxeSi `qali – qriste~<br />

sabolood amosacnobia RvTaeba, Tumca es rodi niSnavs, rom pirveli saxe fiqciaa.<br />

gamonagonic rom iyos im qalTan Sexvedra, es sruliadac ver uaryofs mxatvrulad<br />

mis realisturobas. mxatvrulad esaa sruliad plastikur-sagnobrivad aRsaqmeli<br />

saxe. misi gancdac konkretul-realisturia. saqmec swored isa, rom TviT amgvarma<br />

realurma gancdam SeiZleba moitanos mistikuri xedva. realuri gancda xdeba<br />

impulsi iracionaluri xilvisa. mxatvruli saxis amgvar orplanianobasTan dakavSirebiT<br />

kidev ufro gveTqmis, rom misis erTi iersaxidan meoreze gadasvla sublimaciis<br />

xasiaTisaa. es sublimacia `yofiTi logikis~ planSi ver aixsneba, radgan is<br />

arc xdeba amgvari logikis mixedviT. amdenad, mrCobloba: daviT guramiSvili – daviT<br />

pirvelmgalobeli araa Sinaganad naklebSesaTavsebeli (roca Cven am mimarTebis<br />

safuZvlebi viciT), vidre: lamazi qali – qriste. erTis arseboba mxars uWers meores,<br />

kidev ufro bunebrivad xdis mas. kidev ufro naTlad ikveTeba d. guramiSvilis<br />

saxismetyvelebis kanonzomiereba: `daviTianSi~ `orsaxovania~ ara mxolod aRmqmeli<br />

`me~, aramed asaxuli sinamdvilec, mxatvruli saxeebic. `orsaxovan~ xatebSi TiToeul<br />

saxes TavisTavad mniSvneloba aqvs. amgvari orplanianoba efuZneba realurisa<br />

da idealuris urTierTmimarTebis imdroindel principebs: realoba mniSvnelobs<br />

mxolod simbolurad. masSi aucileblad unda Caidvas simboluri Sinaarsi. amisi SesaZlebloba<br />

ki usazRvrod gafarToebulia. orplanian saxeebSi wina plania saero,<br />

siRrmiseuli plani sulieria. esaa saero da saRmrTo azrovnebis nakadTa Serwyma<br />

mxatvrul saxeebSi. aqve Cans e. w. `orgvar sibrZneze moZRvrebis~ ganmsazRvreli gavlena<br />

imdroindel mxatvrul azrovnebaze. d. guramiSvilis poeziaSi, fsalmunTagan<br />

gansxvavebiT, iSviaTad Cans uSualo mimarTeba RvTaebasTan. Cveulebriv es xdeba orplaniani<br />

saxeebiT, romelTa wina plani (mzeTa-mze, satrfo da misTanani) TavisTavadi<br />

mniSvnelobisaa da saero sibrZnes avlens. aseve esmis mas sxvisi saxismetyvelebac. d.<br />

guramiSvili S. rusTavelze wers:<br />

odes brZenman ritorman SoTam rgo igavT xeo da,<br />

fesv Rrma-yo, Srtoni uCina, zed xili moiweoda.<br />

orgziTve nayofs miscemda, visganac moiweoda. (22).<br />

`igavT xe~, rogorc iTqva, nawarmoebis simbolurobas aRniSnavs, romelic araerTsaxovan<br />

Sinaars Seicavs; `orgvari nayofi~ ki orgvar sibrZnes gulisxmobs. aq aSkaraa<br />

`vefxistyaosnis~ vaxtangiseuli komentarebis gavlena, Tumca d. guramiSvili ufro<br />

zomier pozicias irCevs, vaxtangi ki oden saRvTo Sinaarsis amocnobas eswrafvis.<br />

CvenTvis am SemTxvevaSi mniSvneloba ara aqvs, Tu raoden Seesabameba es mosazreba<br />

`vefxistyaosnis~ WeSmarit bunebas. mTavaria, ras eZebs masSi d. guramiSvili da rasac<br />

`vefxistyaosanSi~ xedavs, masve aRniSnavs Tavis Semoqmedebaze (gavixsenoT: `davr-<br />

302

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