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li gansazRvravda da Semdeg miawerda mas fsalmunTa avtors. mesame Sesxma daviT winaswarmetyvelisa imdenadaa daSorebuli fsalmunTa avtors, rom SeiZleba eWvic ki gaCndes – es uSualod d. guramiSvilis naTqvamad xom araa mowodebuli. magram amas uaryofs TviT am leqsis dasawyisis konkretuli monacemebi. dasasrul: `meoTxe daviTis Sesxma da daviTnis qebis igavi~. d. guramiSvili wers: `daviTis Sesxma Sevkone, Zmas vardi vuZRven, das ia~; `aw aqeT igi naTeli, vinc (!) na- Tlad daviTs uqia~; `daviTis baRis xili sjobs sxvaTa walkotis xilebsa~. asea warmodgenili daviTis (orive daviTis) `walkoti~ anu sulieri samoTxe, paradeiZo, igive, limonari (an arabuli `busTani~). amitom marTebulia, roca am sanatrel `baRs~ daviT guramiSvilis saocnebodac Seracxaven: `mis mier Seqmnili poeturi baRi, samoTxe, simboloebis qveyanaa da poetis mzera mimarTulia ucnauri da gamouTqmeli sikeTisaken, romliskenac swrafva adamianis umaRlesi da unetaresi bednierebaa~ (s. caiSvili). d. guramiSvili esesxeba im daviTis walkots da qmnis sakuTars, oRond aRniSnavs, rom `baRi daviTis baRisebr arodes aRSendebian; arc misebr xe-Ra dairgvis, arc ar zed moebmian~. daviT Sevmose xiliTa, romelic mosa xe daviT; mas xes moxeda ufalman keTilis mosaxedaviT. nu medavebiT, marideT guls laxvrad mosaxedaviT, is daviT kargiT mosa xiT, me daviT mosaxed aviT. (265). aqac da sxvaganac `daviTianSi~ xSirad ismis avtoris krZalva, rom ar Seedavon im daviTis mibaZvisaTvis. poeti xSirad aRniSnavs, rom mis mibaZvas cdilobs, magram es msgavseba usaxoao. es ukve tipiuri qristianuli krZalulebaa. magram aqac Cans sevda silaReze. meoTxe Sesxma ase mTavrdeba: amad am wignsa saxelad vuwode `daviTiani~. daviT Sevawyev, Sevkone, viT vardni da viT iani, gulsa movswyvite muwuki, meba zed avi Tiani, zed gulzed vibi igi xe kaciani da RvTiani. (266).O es strofi agvirgvinebs im azrs, rom daviTis kvalobaze svliT d. guramiSvili ewia sulier ganwmendas da amiT sulieri siRrme SesZina `daviTianis~ mxatvrul saxeebs. mTeli es strofi `daviTianis~ erT-erTi dasasrulia, an ukeT, dasasrulis dasawyisia. sagangebod unda aRiniSnos, rom mravalplaniania `daviTianis~ dasasruli (iseve rogorc misi dasawyisi). aq, SeiZleba iTqvas, mravali dasasrulia, sxvadasxva motivi sxvadasxva adgilas sruldeba, sxvadasxva nakadi TandaTan dawdeba. zemomoyvanili strofiT sruldeba erT-erTi umTavresi nakadi: daviT-fsalmunTa avtorTan uSualo Sexmianeba. sruldeba misi Sesxmis motivi. amis Semdeg d. guramiSvili, Tu SeiZleba iTqvas, marto rCeba Tavisi sulis winaSe. daviT guramiSvili miacilebs Tavis Tavs samaris karamde im daviTTan erTad, Semdeg ki rCeba, TiTqosda, im ganwyobilebiT, rom `Cven yvelani martoni vkvdebiT~. amitomac zemore Sesxmas mosdevs Semdegi leqsebi: `anderZi daviT guramisSvilisa~, `mRrdelT vedreba daviT guramisSvilisa~, `saflavis qvazed dasaweri~, `sulis ambavi~ da `am wignis gamleqsavis sulis moxsenieba~. aqac Cans TanagrZnoba, magram ara – zemoaRniSnuli sulieri Serwyma. yvela es leqsi Seexeba mxolod uSualod mas, uSualod mis pirad `mes~, Tumca amjerad im meore poeturi `mes~ wyalobiT gamdidrebulsa da gaSinaarsebuls. amiT ki ikveTeba `daviTianis~ sul bolo nakadi, riTac is saerTod sruldeba. amitom yovelmxriv gamarTlebulia, rom 1955 wlis gamocemaSi (redaqtori al. baramiZe) `daviTianis~ dasawyisSia gadatanili xelnawerSi bolos moTavsebuli leqsi `am wignis gamleqsavis gvarisa da saxelis gamocxadeba~ da dasasrulad CaTvla Cvens mier zemomoyvanili strofi. `daviTiani~ mravali nawarmoebisagan Sedgeba, magram amave dros igi garkveuli struqturuli mTlianobaa da ara sxvadasxva nawarmoebTa ubralo krebuli. misi struqturuli mTlianobis gansazRvruli motivi naTelyofs, rom igi unda iwyebodes `am wignis gamleqsavis gvarisa da saxelis gamocxadebiT~ da sruldebodes `am wignis gamleqsavis sulis moxseniebiT~. esaa motivi TviTSemecnebisa da 296

TviTdamkvidrebisa. manamde ki sruldeba sxva motivi, romelic agreTve mTel wigns gasdevs – miaxleba meore poetur `mesTan~. Semdeg, sul bolo striqonebSiac ki, kvlav gamoCndeba pirvel-daviTi, magram aq ukve faqtiurad rogorc sulieri raoba, Serwymuli daviT guramiSvilis poetur `mesTan~. ase, rom `mes~ erTmaneTTan SerwymiT, sruldeba `daviTiani~. sruldeba igi TviT guramiSviliT, romeli bolos poetur sulad moixsenieba. 3. rogorc vTqviT, `daviTians~ struqturulad kravs sulieri TviTSemecnebis nakadi (`daviTiani~ sulier wiaRsvlaTa gadmocemaa ara mxolod sagaloblebSi, aramed TviT TxrobiT-istoriul nawilSi). erT-erT sagalobelSi (mesame wignis dasawyisi) naTqvamia: roca davkacdi, Wkvas maSin Savscdi, lamaz qals Savxvdi, mijnurad gavxdi. amaze wavxdi, mcnebas gardavxdi, rogorc vigeme, egreT vigveme. (163). rac aqaa aRniSnuli, amiTac ki zogadad saerTo SeiZleboda daenaxa Tavis cxovrebasa da daviT winaswarmetyvels Soris, metadre, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom qali aq cxovrebis macdunebel mizidvelobaTa zogadi saxec SeiZleboda yofiliyo (konkretuladac es orive daviTis bedze aisaxa). `daviTianis~ damasrulebel leqsebs, kerZod, `meoTxe daviTis Sesxmas~, win uZRvis `adamis saCivari~ (igi, Tavis mxriv, `qacvia mwyemss~ mosdevs, rac agreTve ar unda iyos SemTxveviTi). es leqsi ase iwyeba: `adams hkiTxes: ratom stiri, rom swux, ra gaqvs sawuxari? rad ar gicinian piri, xar mwunvare, ganuxari? man Tqva...~ da amas mohyveba adamis sinanuli, rom misi braliT qveyanas Wiri adgas. amis Semdeg RvTisadmi vedrebaa, romelic gadadis daviT guramiSvilis godebaSi da ase mTavrdeba: daviT galad danerguli, var uSrto da me ufeso, aw momZebnes dakarguli, (v) vedreb qristes meufeso! (263). amrigad, leqsis dasawyisSi mavedrebeli subieqtia bibliuri adami, Semdeg ki mas enacvleba daviT guramiSvili, gamodis, rom imas, rac adamis codva-bralia, Tavis Tavze iRebs d. guramiSvili. adami da d. guramiSvili, viTarca lirikuli subieqti, am SemTxvevaSi gaigivebulni arian. es daviT guramiSvilis saxismetyvelebisaTvis saerTod damaxasiaTebelia. magram sakuTriv adamTan Canacvlebis cnobili safuZveli moepoveba: esaa pirvelcodvis motivi. yoveli adamiani naziarebiao im pirvel-codvas- Tan, romelic pirvel-adamianad modis, es anaTesavebs adamTan guramiSvilsac. magram am gzaze dgas daviT-fsalmunTa avtoric, aseve pirvel-codvis TavisTavze mtvirTveli. yoveli piraduli codva fermkrTaldeba pirvel-codvasTan SedarebiT (sxvagvarad: yoveli piraduli codva adamis modgmis codvilianobis gamovlinebaa). amazea agebuli 50-e fsalmuni. ase erTiandeba sami subieqti: adami – daviT winaswarmetyveli – d. guramiSvili. d. guramiSvilisaTvis, albaT, cnobili iqneboda, rom amasve exmianeba daviT aRmaSeneblis `galobani sinanulisani~. zogjer fiqrobdnen, rom daviT aRmaSeneblis vedreba mis konkretul codvas gulisxmobso. laura grigolaSvilma sabolood naTelyo, rom sinamdvileSi `galobani sinanulisani~ gulisxmobs adamianis Tandayolili, adamidan momdinare codvis Sendobas. es ki zogadi motivia (amasve exmianeba TviT n. baraTaSvilis `Cemi locva~). Tu raoden mZlavrobs `daviTianSi~ lirikuli subieqtis Canacvlebis tendencia, amas gviCvenebs erTi leqsic, romelsac kidurwerilobis msgavsad gamoyenebuli aqvs sauflo locvis sityvebi (mT. 6,9 _ 13). d. guramiSvili mihyveba sauflo locvas, magram mTlianad ar Tanxvdeba mas. mTavari isaa, rom d. guramiSvili, viTarca lirikuli subieqti, aq enacvleba TviT Ze-RvTaebas, sakmaod Tavisuflad epyroba esoden cnobil dogmatikur teqsts. aq sxvagvari orplanianobacaa: es leqsi gamouTqvams `odes daviT tyveobasa Sina moSivda da RmerTs puri sTxova~, magram am konkretul saTxovarTan erTad igi gulisxmobs `su- 297

TviTdamkvidrebisa. manamde ki sruldeba sxva motivi, romelic agreTve mTel wigns<br />

gasdevs – miaxleba meore poetur `mesTan~. Semdeg, sul bolo striqonebSiac ki,<br />

kvlav gamoCndeba pirvel-daviTi, magram aq ukve faqtiurad rogorc sulieri raoba,<br />

Serwymuli daviT guramiSvilis poetur `mesTan~. ase, rom `mes~ erTmaneTTan SerwymiT,<br />

sruldeba `daviTiani~. sruldeba igi TviT guramiSviliT, romeli bolos poetur<br />

sulad moixsenieba.<br />

3. rogorc vTqviT, `daviTians~ struqturulad kravs sulieri TviTSemecnebis nakadi<br />

(`daviTiani~ sulier wiaRsvlaTa gadmocemaa ara mxolod sagaloblebSi, aramed<br />

TviT TxrobiT-istoriul nawilSi). erT-erT sagalobelSi (mesame wignis dasawyisi)<br />

naTqvamia:<br />

roca davkacdi, Wkvas maSin Savscdi,<br />

lamaz qals Savxvdi, mijnurad gavxdi.<br />

amaze wavxdi, mcnebas gardavxdi,<br />

rogorc vigeme, egreT vigveme. (163).<br />

rac aqaa aRniSnuli, amiTac ki zogadad saerTo SeiZleboda daenaxa Tavis cxovrebasa<br />

da daviT winaswarmetyvels Soris, metadre, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom qali<br />

aq cxovrebis macdunebel mizidvelobaTa zogadi saxec SeiZleboda yofiliyo (konkretuladac<br />

es orive daviTis bedze aisaxa). `daviTianis~ damasrulebel leqsebs,<br />

kerZod, `meoTxe daviTis Sesxmas~, win uZRvis `adamis saCivari~ (igi, Tavis mxriv,<br />

`qacvia mwyemss~ mosdevs, rac agreTve ar unda iyos SemTxveviTi). es leqsi ase iwyeba:<br />

`adams hkiTxes: ratom stiri, rom swux, ra gaqvs sawuxari? rad ar gicinian piri, xar<br />

mwunvare, ganuxari? man Tqva...~ da amas mohyveba adamis sinanuli, rom misi braliT<br />

qveyanas Wiri adgas. amis Semdeg RvTisadmi vedrebaa, romelic gadadis daviT guramiSvilis<br />

godebaSi da ase mTavrdeba:<br />

daviT galad danerguli,<br />

var uSrto da me ufeso,<br />

aw momZebnes dakarguli,<br />

(v) vedreb qristes meufeso! (263).<br />

amrigad, leqsis dasawyisSi mavedrebeli subieqtia bibliuri adami, Semdeg ki mas<br />

enacvleba daviT guramiSvili, gamodis, rom imas, rac adamis codva-bralia, Tavis<br />

Tavze iRebs d. guramiSvili. adami da d. guramiSvili, viTarca lirikuli subieqti,<br />

am SemTxvevaSi gaigivebulni arian. es daviT guramiSvilis saxismetyvelebisaTvis<br />

saerTod damaxasiaTebelia. magram sakuTriv adamTan Canacvlebis cnobili safuZveli<br />

moepoveba: esaa pirvelcodvis motivi. yoveli adamiani naziarebiao im pirvel-codvas-<br />

Tan, romelic pirvel-adamianad modis, es anaTesavebs adamTan guramiSvilsac. magram<br />

am gzaze dgas daviT-fsalmunTa avtoric, aseve pirvel-codvis TavisTavze mtvirTveli.<br />

yoveli piraduli codva fermkrTaldeba pirvel-codvasTan SedarebiT (sxvagvarad:<br />

yoveli piraduli codva adamis modgmis codvilianobis gamovlinebaa). amazea<br />

agebuli 50-e fsalmuni. ase erTiandeba sami subieqti: adami – daviT winaswarmetyveli<br />

– d. guramiSvili. d. guramiSvilisaTvis, albaT, cnobili iqneboda, rom amasve exmianeba<br />

daviT aRmaSeneblis `galobani sinanulisani~. zogjer fiqrobdnen, rom daviT<br />

aRmaSeneblis vedreba mis konkretul codvas gulisxmobso. laura grigolaSvilma<br />

sabolood naTelyo, rom sinamdvileSi `galobani sinanulisani~ gulisxmobs adamianis<br />

Tandayolili, adamidan momdinare codvis Sendobas. es ki zogadi motivia (amasve<br />

exmianeba TviT n. baraTaSvilis `Cemi locva~). Tu raoden mZlavrobs `daviTianSi~<br />

lirikuli subieqtis Canacvlebis tendencia, amas gviCvenebs erTi leqsic, romelsac<br />

kidurwerilobis msgavsad gamoyenebuli aqvs sauflo locvis sityvebi (mT. 6,9 _ 13).<br />

d. guramiSvili mihyveba sauflo locvas, magram mTlianad ar Tanxvdeba mas. mTavari<br />

isaa, rom d. guramiSvili, viTarca lirikuli subieqti, aq enacvleba TviT Ze-RvTaebas,<br />

sakmaod Tavisuflad epyroba esoden cnobil dogmatikur teqsts. aq sxvagvari<br />

orplanianobacaa: es leqsi gamouTqvams `odes daviT tyveobasa Sina moSivda da<br />

RmerTs puri sTxova~, magram am konkretul saTxovarTan erTad igi gulisxmobs `su-<br />

297

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