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stilis xelovneba. mas sdevnian esTetikidan mxolod idealistebi, romelTac mSveniereba warmoudgeniaT rogorc martooden zemiwieri samyaro. rusTavels uyvars siturfe, magram misi esTetika mainc mkveTrad antisensualisturia. ratom? imitom, rom SegrZnebaTa silamaze emorCileba sulis gamakeTilSobilebel Zalas, dawmendilia da amaRlebuli. aviRoT vefxistyaosnis gmirTa satrfialo urTierToba. masSi ar moipoveba uxeSi avxorcobis arc erTi Strixi. maTi siyvaruli ubadloa zneobrivi siwmindiT, Tavda- WerilobiT da koreqtobiT. amasTan igi uaRresad gulwrfelia da moklebuli preciozobis yovelgvar nasaxs. arc TinaTins, arc nestans ar eTakilebaT Tavisi intimuri grZnobebi gauziaron mijnurebs, da ra momxibvlelni arian isini am wuTSi! maT sityvebSi gamosWvivis bavSvuri siwminde da rwmena Tavisi gancdebis simarTlesa da ucodvelobisadmi, rwmena, romelic Sexamebulia Tavisufali azris SegnebasTan. uxeS erotiul vnebebs, Cven SevxvdebiT mxolod fatmanis buduarSi da mets arsad. magram Zneli ar aris mivuxvdeT poetis nagulvebs. pikanturi naturalisturi detalebi, romelTac ganuyrelad Tan axlavs poetis ironia, ar toveben eWvs imaSi, rom rusTaveli isaxavda moralur mizans _ eCvenebina CvenTvis adamianis cxoveluri buneba daufaravi, gaSiSvlebuli saxiT da amiT gamoewvia Cveni zizRi misdami. davakvirdeT, ra wminda da amaRlebul grZnobebs amJRavnebs rusTaveli, roca is exeba mamakacuri TvalisTvis erTob macdunebel moments _ Tavisi idealuri mandilosnebis garegnobas. maTi momxibvleli Sesaxedaobis aRwera arasodes ar scildeba mkacri zneobis sazRvrebs, arasodes ar iwvevs raime tlanq asociacebs. poeti kmayofildeba pirisaxis siturfiT da tanadobis zogadi konturebiT. mxolod erT alagas (TinaTinis strofSi) gaielvebs TavSekavebuli miTiTeba `gaZrcvil tanze~: gaZrcvilsa tansa emosnes yaryumni usapironi, eburnes moSliT rideni, fasisa Tqmad saWironi, hSvenodes Savni wamwamni, gulisa gasagmironi mas TeTrsa yelsa exvivnes grZlad Tmani ar uxSironi. (123). brwyinvale tanCacmulobis aRweriloba, romelsac vefxistyaosanSi mxolod esTetikuri funqcia aqvs dakisrebuli, rusTavelis erT-erTi sayvareli xerxia, roca mas surs Seqmnas Tavisi gmirebis skulpturuli saxeebi. aseTi strofebi da taepebi gabneulia mTeli poemis sivrceze. am adgilebSi Cven yovelTvis vgrZnobT, rom es Zvirfasi abreSumeuli da stavra mkvrivad ekvris sxeulis klasikur proporciebs, goeTes sityviT rom vTqvaT, warmoadgens `sxeulis eqos~. maS ras unda niSnavdes esoden xSiri miTiTeba gmirTa tanadobaze, rasac rusTaveli Cveulebriv lerwmisa da alvis metaforebiT gvixatavs, Tu ara imas, rom, mxatvar sizeranisa ar iyos, maTi tanisamosis naoWebi iseve aCenen sxeuls, rogorc pirisaxis naoWebi da mimika gamoxataven suls. ra Tqma unda, aseT tanisamoss araferi aqvs saerTo Sua saukuneebis tansaburvelTan, romelsac vpoulobT bizantiur freskebSi da goTikuri taZrebis niSebSi. aq igi faravs codvil sxeuls, maSin rodesac rusTavelis tanCacmuloba amJRavnebs sxeulis RvTaebriv figuras. magram isev da isev: ramdeni TavdaWera, koreqtoba da zeSTagonebaa gmirebis plastikur garegnobaSi! miuxedavad amisa, vis SeuZlia Tqvas, rom am idealuri gmirebis siyvaruli moklebuli iyos miwier emociebs? ara, igi mxolod amaRlebulia, gakeTilSobilebuli da gafaqizebulia. amitom maTi siyvaruli, brandesis sityviT rom vTqvaT, `erTsa da imave dros metad usxeulocaa da metad avxorcic~. Cven axla SegviZlia SevajamoT Cveni msjeloba m S v e n i e r e b i s s a z R v r e b i s Sesaxeb rusTavelis esTetikaSi. mas udavod uvrcelesi masStabebi axasiaTebs. pirdapir unda iTqvas, rom igi emTxveva arsebuli sinamdvilis sazRvrebs. Cven vipoveT Semxvedri wertilebi rusTavelisa da miqelanjelos esTetikur msoflSegrZnebaTa Soris. vefxistyaosani, vwerdiT Cven, siqstes kapelis qarTuli plafonia, epiur tiloze gaSlili poeziis saSualebebiT. 240

magram Semdgomma msjelobam gvaCvena, rom poemaSi SesamCnevad win wamoweulia niv- Tisa da bunebis esTetikac. rusTaveli faqizad grZnobs `mcire sidideebis~ silamazes, aRiqvams koloritsa da naxazobas, sinaTlisa da Crdilis TamaSs, rogorc fermweri garegan formebs, rogorc moqandake, bgerebs, rogorc musikosi. am mxriv rusTaveli unda davayenoT ara miqelanjelos gverdiT, romlis esTetikuri samyaro, rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, Semofarglulia `adamianTa mZlavri jiSiT~, aramed leonardo da vinCis gverdiT. `aRorZinebis arc erTi xelovani, _ wers violflini _ ar yofila ise gulisxmieri msoflio silamazis mimarT, rogorc leonardo~. es azri sruli safuZvlianobiT SegviZlia gavimeoroT vefxistyaosnis Sesaxebac. amitom ar SevcdebiT, Tu rusTavelis esTetikur koncefcias kacTaTvis mocemul sinamdvileze aseTi saxiT warmovidgenT: ori didi italieli xelovanis _ leonardos da miqelanjelos _ TvalTaxedvani unda CaiTvalos am koncefciis momentebad, romelSiac isini hpoveben Serigebas da gaerTmTlianebis princips. vfiqrob, Cven davrwmundiT imaSic, rom rusTavelis esTetikur samyaros axasiaTebs mwyobri arqiteqtonika. misi centria adamiani, xolo buneba _ periferiuli esTetikuri sferoebis are. Tavis mniSvnelovan nawilSi es ukanaskneli moklebulia damoukideblobas. misi esTetikuri Rirebuleba funqcionaluria da ara TavisTavadi. igi xan fonia, xan CarCo, xan saRebavebis rezervuari personaJebis portretebisaTvis. mSveniereba, marTlac, ganfenilia mTels samyaroze. igi SeiZleba aRmovaCinoT yvelgan da yvelaferSi. rusTaveli da leonardo da vinCi mudam eZebdnen da poulobdnen mis yvelaze ufaqizes formebs. bunebis mSvenierebaTa am mravalferovan gamovlinebas ar cnobda arc ukvdavi miqelanjelo, romelmac pirvelad gamoTqva mTeli saukunisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone debuleba, rom `adamianis formaTa silamazis gareSe ar arsebobs sxva araviTari silamaze~ (violflini). magram rusTaveli gvarwmunebs, rom samyaroSi ganfenili mSveniereba ierarqiulia esTetikuri srulqmnilebis TvalsazrisiT. da am esTetikuri ierarqiis umaRlesi safexuri ganekuTvneba adamians. igi warmoadgens im centrs, saiTkenac miemarTeba samyaros ganviTarebis yvela xazi, igi yvela srulqmnilebis centria, maT Soris esTetikuri srulqmnilebisac. samyaros erToblivi, ganuyofeli winsvla umaRlesi formebisaken arsad ar irRveva, igi harmoniulad mwyobria, e. i. warmoadgens kosmoss, rogorc ityodnen berZnebi. mSveniereba, marTlac, SeiZleba SevadaroT mzis macocxlebel sxivebs, igi Tanabrad moefineba yvelafers, rac mocemulia adamianisTvis amqveyniur sinamdvileSi, magram Tanabrad rodi aisarkeba yvela mis nawilSi. magram rusTavelis gmirTa momxibvlelobis yvelaze mZlavr wyaros maTi s u l i s axovaneba warmoadgens. saerTod mSvenierebis mwvervals adamiani aRwevs mxolod umaRles fsiqiur movlenebSi, azrovnebis aqtebSi, Rrma emociebSi, Tavganwirul siyvarulSi, patriotul da zneobriv RvawlSi, gmirobasa da megobrobaSi. vefxistyaosani mTlianad am azris damamtkicebel saukeTeso mxatvrul nawarmoebs warmoadgens. 241

magram Semdgomma msjelobam gvaCvena, rom poemaSi SesamCnevad win wamoweulia niv-<br />

Tisa da bunebis esTetikac. rusTaveli faqizad grZnobs `mcire sidideebis~ silamazes,<br />

aRiqvams koloritsa da naxazobas, sinaTlisa da Crdilis TamaSs, rogorc fermweri<br />

garegan formebs, rogorc moqandake, bgerebs, rogorc musikosi. am mxriv<br />

rusTaveli unda davayenoT ara miqelanjelos gverdiT, romlis esTetikuri samyaro,<br />

rogorc aRniSnuli iyo, Semofarglulia `adamianTa mZlavri jiSiT~, aramed leonardo<br />

da vinCis gverdiT. `aRorZinebis arc erTi xelovani, _ wers violflini _ ar<br />

yofila ise gulisxmieri msoflio silamazis mimarT, rogorc leonardo~. es azri<br />

sruli safuZvlianobiT SegviZlia gavimeoroT vefxistyaosnis Sesaxebac. amitom ar<br />

SevcdebiT, Tu rusTavelis esTetikur koncefcias kacTaTvis mocemul sinamdvileze<br />

aseTi saxiT warmovidgenT: ori didi italieli xelovanis _ leonardos<br />

da miqelanjelos _ TvalTaxedvani unda CaiTvalos am koncefciis<br />

momentebad, romelSiac isini hpoveben Serigebas da gaerTmTlianebis<br />

princips.<br />

vfiqrob, Cven davrwmundiT imaSic, rom rusTavelis esTetikur samyaros axasiaTebs<br />

mwyobri arqiteqtonika. misi centria adamiani, xolo buneba _ periferiuli esTetikuri<br />

sferoebis are. Tavis mniSvnelovan nawilSi es ukanaskneli moklebulia<br />

damoukideblobas. misi esTetikuri Rirebuleba funqcionaluria da<br />

ara TavisTavadi. igi xan fonia, xan CarCo, xan saRebavebis rezervuari<br />

personaJebis portretebisaTvis.<br />

mSveniereba, marTlac, ganfenilia mTels samyaroze. igi SeiZleba aRmovaCinoT<br />

yvelgan da yvelaferSi. rusTaveli da leonardo da vinCi mudam eZebdnen da poulobdnen<br />

mis yvelaze ufaqizes formebs. bunebis mSvenierebaTa am mravalferovan<br />

gamovlinebas ar cnobda arc ukvdavi miqelanjelo, romelmac pirvelad gamoTqva<br />

mTeli saukunisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone debuleba, rom `adamianis formaTa silamazis<br />

gareSe ar arsebobs sxva araviTari silamaze~ (violflini).<br />

magram rusTaveli gvarwmunebs, rom samyaroSi ganfenili mSveniereba ierarqiulia<br />

esTetikuri srulqmnilebis TvalsazrisiT. da am esTetikuri ierarqiis umaRlesi safexuri<br />

ganekuTvneba adamians. igi warmoadgens im centrs, saiTkenac miemarTeba samyaros<br />

ganviTarebis yvela xazi, igi yvela srulqmnilebis centria, maT Soris esTetikuri<br />

srulqmnilebisac. samyaros erToblivi, ganuyofeli winsvla umaRlesi formebisaken<br />

arsad ar irRveva, igi harmoniulad mwyobria, e. i. warmoadgens kosmoss, rogorc<br />

ityodnen berZnebi.<br />

mSveniereba, marTlac, SeiZleba SevadaroT mzis macocxlebel sxivebs, igi Tanabrad<br />

moefineba yvelafers, rac mocemulia adamianisTvis amqveyniur sinamdvileSi, magram<br />

Tanabrad rodi aisarkeba yvela mis nawilSi.<br />

magram rusTavelis gmirTa momxibvlelobis yvelaze mZlavr wyaros maTi s u l i s<br />

axovaneba warmoadgens. saerTod mSvenierebis mwvervals adamiani<br />

aRwevs mxolod umaRles fsiqiur movlenebSi, azrovnebis aqtebSi,<br />

Rrma emociebSi, Tavganwirul siyvarulSi, patriotul da<br />

zneobriv RvawlSi, gmirobasa da megobrobaSi. vefxistyaosani mTlianad<br />

am azris damamtkicebel saukeTeso mxatvrul nawarmoebs warmoadgens.<br />

241

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