iii_tomi.pdf
iii_tomi.pdf iii_tomi.pdf
eqstazi poetur simRerebad da sagaloblebad iRvreba, romlebic adideben winaparTa sagmiro saqmeebs da sikeTis siyvaruls unergaven STamomavlobas. magram vinc muzebismieri siSmagisa da zeSTagonebisTvis daxSuli suliT daapirebs wminda bWis Sevlas, visac hgonia, rom martooden daxvewili xelovnebis wyalobiT moipovebs WeSmariti poetis saxels, misTvis samudamod miuRweveli darCeba srulyofileba, radgan Smagis STagonebuli sityva yovelTvis daCrdilavs uSmagos civsa da usulo qmnilebebs~... 12 `ZvelTagan uTqvamT: roca poeti muzebis samfexze jdeba, Tavis Wkuaze aRar ariso maSin~. 13 . Cven vxedavT, rom platoni daJinebiT avlebs paralels, erTis mxriv, poetsa, xolo meoris mxriv, qurums, winaswarmetyvelsa Tu misans Soris da, amrigad, erTgvar mediumad gvisaxavs poets, xolo SemoqmedebiT aqts da SemoqmedebiT process mediumis transTan aigivebs. samyaros poeturi xilvisa da poeturi warmosaxvis erTaderTi wyaro, platonis azriT, esaa zedrouli da zebunebrivi imperativuli sawyisi _ RvTaeba, RmerTi, romlis usasrulo neba da uzenaesi goneba mTlianad eufleba, mTlianad Trgunavs poetis sasrul nebasa Tu gonebas da, amrigad, Tavis pasiur da morCil instrumentad aqcevs mas. magram SemoqmedebiTi aqtisa da poeturi zeSTagonebis amgvari interpretacia aSkarad calmxrivi da tendenciuri, metic, SeiZleba iTqvas, arasworia. Tavisi idealisturi filosofiis metafizikuri wanamZRvrebidan rom gamodis, platons aviwydeba dasvas savsebiT martivi da bunebrivi kiTxva: iqneb am zeSTagonebis wyaro transcendenturi sawyisi ki ar aris, aramed Semoqmedis pozitiuri bunebrivi niWi, talanti, misi uCveulo grZnobeloba da naTelmxilveli, maxvili azri, warmosaxvis misi ubadlo unari da sulieri gzneba, erTis sityviT, misi specifikuri inteleqtualuri da emociuri organizacia, rac aserigad ganasxvavebs WeSmarit Semoqmeds Cveulebrivi mokvdavisagan, xolo yovelive es _ titanuri Zalisxmevis unarsa da srulyofilebis dauokebel wyurvilTan SeerTebuli. `inspiracia, _ wers Cveni saukunis erT-erTi udidesi poeti, _ pozitiurad rom vTqvaT, sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara momxiblavi Tviseba, romelsac mkiTxveli aniWebs poets: mkiTxveli Cven mogvawers im Zalmosilebisa Tu momxibvlelobis damsaxurebas, rasac masSi poetur qmnilebaTa kiTxva iwvevs. is eZebs da poulobs CvenSi Tavisi gancvifrebis gansacvifrebel mizezs... roca Zalisxmevis yvela nakvalevs, yovelgvar sworebas, rudunebas, tanjvas, sinanuls, daxarjuli drois odenobas, xelismocarvis dReTa simwares Tu gulmoyirWebis sazizRar grZnobas pirwmindad Slis da uCinos xdis sulis ukanaskneli miqceva Tavisi qmnilebis mimarT, zogierTi, romelic mxolod Sedegis srulqmnilebas xedavs, am srulqmnilebas erTgvar saswaulad Tvlis, rasac maT enaze inspiracia ewodeba. Aase rom, isini poetisagan erTgvar momentalur mediums (médium momentané) qmnian. vinmes rom TavSesaqcevad, mkacri TanmimdevrobiT ganeviTarebina moZRvreba wminda inspiraciis Sesaxeb, friad ucnaur daskvnamde mividoda. ase magaliTad, is naxavda, rom poets, romelic mxolod imiT ifargleba, rom sxvebs gadascems imas, rasac iRebs, da ucnobebs umJRavnebs imas, rasac ucnobisve wyalobiT eziara Tavad, _ sulac ar sWirdeba esmodes is, rasac wers, rakiRa idumali xmis mbrZaneblur karnaxs emorCileba. mas SeeZlo daewera leqsebi misTvis sruliad ucnob enaze...~ 14 magram platoni `TavSeqcevis~ mizniT ki ara, mTeli seriozulobiT aviTarebs moZ- Rvrebas wminda inspiraciis Sesaxeb da, amrigad, pol valeris Tqmisa ar iyos, axali drois adamianisaTvis sakmaod ucnaur daskvnamdec midis. misi azriT, xelovneba araviTar rols ar asrulebs mxatvruli Semoqmedebis procesSi, vinaidan WeSmariti poetebi `sakuTari xelovnebis ki ara, zeSTagonebisa da RvTiuri siSmagis wyalobiT qmnian TavianT mSvenier poemebs~. poezia mecniereba ar aris, radgan, jer erTi, arsad 12 `fedrosi~, 245 a. 13 `kanonebi~, IV, 179 c. 14 P. Valery, Poesie et penseve abstraite, - Oeuvrevs, t. 1, 1962, p, 1321; 1335. 226
naxula da arc gagonila, rom vinmes eswavlos, anda sxvisTvis eswavlebinos igi, da, meorec, mecnierebis (filosofiis) mizani obieqturi WeSmaritebis wvdomaa, maSin rodesac poeziisaTvis (`mibaZvisaTvis~) amgvari mizani ara marto ucxoa, aramed, saerTod, warmoudgenelic. 15 magram is arc xelovnebaa, vinaidan yovel xelovnebas Tavisi sakuTari wesebi aqvs, xolo vin SeZlebs xelovnuri wesebis artaxebSi moamwyvdios zeSTagoneba? vin SeZlebs wesebs daumorCilos poetis _ muzebis am eqos, `RmerTebis mTargmnelisa~ da `msubuqi, frTaSesxmuli da wminda arsis~ suli? Tumca isic unda gvaxsovdes, rom es iyo platonis reaqcia sofisturi individualizmisa da xelovnebis pirwmindad teqnikuri, vulgarul-meqanisturi gagebis winaaRmdeg, romlis mixedviTac, TiTqos yvelas SeuZlia daeuflos ara marto ritorikul, aramed poetur xelovnebasac: saWiroa mxolod Seicno, gaicxado da SemoqmedebiT praqtikaSi gaiTvaliswino misi moTxovnebi da am moTxovnebis ganxorcielebisaTvis aucilebeli pirobebi. yovelive es, sofisturi moZRvrebis mixedviT, savsebiT sakmarisia xelovnebis nawarmoebis Sesaqmnelad. 16 magram saqme isaa, rom platonis mZafr siZulvils sofisturi doqtrinis mimarT filosofosi meore ukiduresobamde, ker- Zod, SemoqmedebiT procesSi xelovnebis rolis srul ignorirebamde, iseve, rogorc Semoqmedis subieqturi nebis Tavisuflebisa da misi sulieri evoluciis uaryofamde mihyavs. 17 amitomaa, rom momdevno Taobebma Tu saukuneebma mxolod nawilobriv gaiziares platonis koncefcia poeziisa da poeturi zeSTagonebis Sesaxeb. ukve aristotele Tavisi `poetikiT~ ilaSqrebs maswavleblis moZRvrebis zogierTi aspeqtis winaaRmdeg, 18 xolo I saukunis (ax. w.a.) brwyinvale kritikuli traqtatis_ `amaRlebulisaTvis~ anonimi avtori, visi msoflmxedvelobac da msoflSegrZnebac, upirveles yovlisa, platonuri filosofiiTaa ganpirobebuli, am mxriv, aSkarad ar iziarebs Tavisi sulieri moZRvris Tvalsazriss da xelovnebas mxatvruli Semoqmedebis iseTsave aucilebel pirobad miiCnevs, rogorc bunebiT Tandayolil niWierebas. 19 igive iTqmis renesansis epoqis did humanistTa da xelovnebis TeoretikosTa mimarT. 20 xolo rodesac Cveni udidesi erovnuli poeti, maTze gacilebiT ufro adre, Tavisi poemis SesavalSi wers: `aw ena minda gamoTqmad, guli da xelovaneba~, _ Tavisi racionalisturi poetikiT is arsebiTad upirispirdeba platonis mistiur moZRvrebas RvTaebismieri inspiraciis Sesaxeb. maSasadame, platonis koncefciiT, mxatvruli Semoqmedebis safuZveli Tu pirvelsawyisi Tavisi bunebiT absoluturad irracionaluria, vinaidan misi gaigiveba arc codnasTan SeiZleba, arc xelovnebasTan, arc sibrZnesa Tu ganswavlasTan. es enigmuri fenomeni _ RvTaebrivi siSmage Tu zeSTagoneba araviTar zemoqmedebas ar eqvemdebareba. amdenad, mxatvruli Semoqmedebis aqti alogikuri aqtia, romlis axsna aravis, TviT Semoqmedsac ar SeuZlia, 21 da Tu ramesTan mainc SeiZleba misi Sedareba, mxolod sizmarTan an zmanebasTan. aRsaniSnavia, rom platoni, am mxriv, gankerZoebiT rodi dgas did filosofosTa xomlSi. ai, ras wers, magaliTad, emanuel kanti: `veraviTari homerosi anda vilandi ver agvixsnis, rogor ibadebian da erTdebian mis TavSi fantaziiT savse da, amasTan, azriT mdidari ideebi, vinaidan man TviTonac ar icis da, maSasadame, arc SeuZlia vinmes aswavlos es~. 22 magram aq Zveli Tu axali drois yvela filosofosis koncefciaze ufro didi mniSvneloba eniWeba sakuTriv poetis azrs da mis pirad cdas. mravali magaliTidan 15 ix. `saxelmwifo~, III, 401; X, 605, 607, `kanonebi~, 801 da sxv. 16 Sdr. `fedrosi~, 268 c-269 a Sdr. agreTve М. Вундт, Греческое мировоззрение. Сб., 1916, стр. 129-130. 17 ix. В. Асмус, Платон – философ-художник античного мира, _ Платон, Избр. Диал., М., 1965, стр. 39-40. 18 `poetika~, XVII, 1455 a. 19 `amaRlebulisaTvis~, T. II. 20 ix. К. Гильберт, Г. Кун, История эстетики, М., 1960, стр. 180-218. 21 Sdr. zemoT citirebuli fragmenti `sokrates apologiidan~. 22 И. Кант, Критика способности суждения, _ Соч. в шести томах, т. 5, М., 1966, стр. 325. Sdr. Ф. Ницше, Происхождение трагедии, М., 1900. стр. 63-64 (Sileris Sesaxeb). 227
- Page 176 and 177: da zusti saxelwodeba qarTuli leqsis
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naxula da arc gagonila, rom vinmes eswavlos, anda sxvisTvis eswavlebinos igi, da,<br />
meorec, mecnierebis (filosofiis) mizani obieqturi WeSmaritebis wvdomaa, maSin rodesac<br />
poeziisaTvis (`mibaZvisaTvis~) amgvari mizani ara marto ucxoa, aramed, saerTod,<br />
warmoudgenelic. 15 magram is arc xelovnebaa, vinaidan yovel xelovnebas Tavisi<br />
sakuTari wesebi aqvs, xolo vin SeZlebs xelovnuri wesebis artaxebSi moamwyvdios<br />
zeSTagoneba? vin SeZlebs wesebs daumorCilos poetis _ muzebis am eqos, `RmerTebis<br />
mTargmnelisa~ da `msubuqi, frTaSesxmuli da wminda arsis~ suli?<br />
Tumca isic unda gvaxsovdes, rom es iyo platonis reaqcia sofisturi individualizmisa<br />
da xelovnebis pirwmindad teqnikuri, vulgarul-meqanisturi gagebis winaaRmdeg,<br />
romlis mixedviTac, TiTqos yvelas SeuZlia daeuflos ara marto ritorikul,<br />
aramed poetur xelovnebasac: saWiroa mxolod Seicno, gaicxado da SemoqmedebiT<br />
praqtikaSi gaiTvaliswino misi moTxovnebi da am moTxovnebis ganxorcielebisaTvis<br />
aucilebeli pirobebi. yovelive es, sofisturi moZRvrebis mixedviT, savsebiT sakmarisia<br />
xelovnebis nawarmoebis Sesaqmnelad. 16 magram saqme isaa, rom platonis mZafr<br />
siZulvils sofisturi doqtrinis mimarT filosofosi meore ukiduresobamde, ker-<br />
Zod, SemoqmedebiT procesSi xelovnebis rolis srul ignorirebamde, iseve, rogorc<br />
Semoqmedis subieqturi nebis Tavisuflebisa da misi sulieri evoluciis uaryofamde<br />
mihyavs. 17 amitomaa, rom momdevno Taobebma Tu saukuneebma mxolod nawilobriv gaiziares<br />
platonis koncefcia poeziisa da poeturi zeSTagonebis Sesaxeb. ukve aristotele<br />
Tavisi `poetikiT~ ilaSqrebs maswavleblis moZRvrebis zogierTi aspeqtis winaaRmdeg,<br />
18 xolo I saukunis (ax. w.a.) brwyinvale kritikuli traqtatis_ `amaRlebulisaTvis~<br />
anonimi avtori, visi msoflmxedvelobac da msoflSegrZnebac, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, platonuri filosofiiTaa ganpirobebuli, am mxriv, aSkarad ar iziarebs<br />
Tavisi sulieri moZRvris Tvalsazriss da xelovnebas mxatvruli Semoqmedebis iseTsave<br />
aucilebel pirobad miiCnevs, rogorc bunebiT Tandayolil niWierebas. 19 igive<br />
iTqmis renesansis epoqis did humanistTa da xelovnebis TeoretikosTa mimarT. 20 xolo<br />
rodesac Cveni udidesi erovnuli poeti, maTze gacilebiT ufro adre, Tavisi poemis<br />
SesavalSi wers: `aw ena minda gamoTqmad, guli da xelovaneba~, _ Tavisi racionalisturi<br />
poetikiT is arsebiTad upirispirdeba platonis mistiur moZRvrebas RvTaebismieri<br />
inspiraciis Sesaxeb.<br />
maSasadame, platonis koncefciiT, mxatvruli Semoqmedebis safuZveli Tu pirvelsawyisi<br />
Tavisi bunebiT absoluturad irracionaluria, vinaidan misi gaigiveba arc<br />
codnasTan SeiZleba, arc xelovnebasTan, arc sibrZnesa Tu ganswavlasTan. es enigmuri<br />
fenomeni _ RvTaebrivi siSmage Tu zeSTagoneba araviTar zemoqmedebas ar eqvemdebareba.<br />
amdenad, mxatvruli Semoqmedebis aqti alogikuri aqtia, romlis axsna aravis,<br />
TviT Semoqmedsac ar SeuZlia, 21 da Tu ramesTan mainc SeiZleba misi Sedareba,<br />
mxolod sizmarTan an zmanebasTan. aRsaniSnavia, rom platoni, am mxriv, gankerZoebiT<br />
rodi dgas did filosofosTa xomlSi. ai, ras wers, magaliTad, emanuel kanti:<br />
`veraviTari homerosi anda vilandi ver agvixsnis, rogor ibadebian da erTdebian mis<br />
TavSi fantaziiT savse da, amasTan, azriT mdidari ideebi, vinaidan man TviTonac ar<br />
icis da, maSasadame, arc SeuZlia vinmes aswavlos es~. 22<br />
magram aq Zveli Tu axali drois yvela filosofosis koncefciaze ufro didi<br />
mniSvneloba eniWeba sakuTriv poetis azrs da mis pirad cdas. mravali magaliTidan<br />
15 ix. `saxelmwifo~, III, 401; X, 605, 607, `kanonebi~, 801 da sxv.<br />
16 Sdr. `fedrosi~, 268 c-269 a Sdr. agreTve М. Вундт, Греческое мировоззрение. Сб., 1916, стр. 129-130.<br />
17 ix. В. Асмус, Платон – философ-художник античного мира, _ Платон, Избр. Диал., М., 1965, стр. 39-40.<br />
18<br />
`poetika~, XVII, 1455 a.<br />
19<br />
`amaRlebulisaTvis~, T. II.<br />
20<br />
ix. К. Гильберт, Г. Кун, История эстетики, М., 1960, стр. 180-218.<br />
21 Sdr. zemoT citirebuli fragmenti `sokrates apologiidan~.<br />
22 И. Кант, Критика способности суждения, _ Соч. в шести томах, т. 5, М., 1966, стр. 325. Sdr. Ф. Ницше,<br />
Происхождение трагедии, М., 1900. стр. 63-64 (Sileris Sesaxeb).<br />
227