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SesZlebodaT mSobliuri kulturis samsaxuri. amiT unda aixsnas isic, rom mefis erT-erTi umTavresi sazrunavi qarTuli kulturis rogorc sazRvargareTuli, aseve adgilobrivi qarTuli savaneebi iyo, xolo misi umTavresi mizani qarTuli kulturis ganaxlebis mZlavri keris saqarTveloSi dafuZneba gaxldaT. 1106 wels igi kidec Sesdgomia gelaTSi RvTismSoblis saxelze didi taZris Senebas. TaobaTa rwmenaSi ganmtkicebuli azriT, mefe TviTon iRebda monawileobas gelaTis mSeneblobaSi. mefe aRmaSenebels Tavisi diadi miznis gansaxorcieleblad gelaTSi Semoukrebia `kacni patiosanni cxovrebiTa da Semkulni yovliTa saTnoebiTa~. maT Soris iyo didi swavluli da filosofosi ioane petriwi, romelic saqarTveloSi damkvidrebis Semdeg moRvaweobda `daviTis gamgoneobasa da wyalobaTa da Tanadgomasa mindobili~. mowveulTa Soris iyvnen sxva cnobili qarTveli swavlulebic. qarTuli akademia iyo ara mxolod saswavlebeli, aramed Teologiur-filosofiuri centric, sadac Semokrebilni iyvnen eris sulieri da inteleqtualuri Zalebi. aq eyreboda safuZveli mecnieruli da religiuri azris sinTezirebas. mematianis SefasebiT, `gelaTi winamdebare ars yovlisa aRmosavalisa meored ierusalemad, saswavlod yovlisa keTilisad, moZRurad swavlulebisad, sxuad aTinad, friad uaRres missa saRmrToTa Sina wesTa, diakonad yovlisa saeklesiosa Suenierebisad~. daviT aRmaSeneblis `galobani sinanulisani~ gelaTis taZariviTaa aRmarTuli Cveni zneobrivi srulyofis gzaze. 192
saero mwerlobis warmoSobisaTvis 193 korneli kekeliZe rodesac Cven literaturuli formis Sesaxeb vlaparakobT, mxedvelobaSi unda miviRoT agreTve is garemoeba, rom saero mwerlobaSi SesaZlebeli gaxda gamoyeneba hagiografiuli beletristikisa da saeklesio himnografiis literaturul-kompoziciuri xerxebisa da elementebisa. cnobilia, rom saero mxatvrulma literaturam im- TaviTve mogvca ori mTavari Janri, romelic damkvidrebuli iyo saeklesio mwerlobaSi:Peposi, _ sagmiro da samijnuro TxrobiT warmodgenili, _ da lirika, _ saxotbo poeziaSi mocemuli. ganvixiloT jer eposi, saeklesiosi – hagiografia, da saerosi – sagmiro-samijnuro poemebi. hagiografiis `sulieri~ gmiri poemebSi saero, amqveyniur gmirad qceula. marTlac, rogoria kompoziciuri Sabloni hagiografiuli Txrobisa? is oTxi elementisagan Sedgeba: a) `wmindani~ jer kidev bavSvobaSi iCens sulier simSvenieres da iseT Tvisebebs, romelnic ganasxvaveben mas amxanagebisagan da moaswaveben mis sulier gmirobas momavalSi. asevea poemebSic: esa Tu is piri araiSviaTad jer kidev bavSvobaSi iCens araCveulebriv Tvisebebs, romelnic gviCveneben, rom is momavalSi marTlac araCveulebrivi gmiri iqneba. ase, magaliTad, tarieli ambobs Tavis Tavze: `xuTisa wlisa Seviqen msgavsi vardisa Slilisa, Wirad ar miCndis lomisa moklva, marT viTa sirisa~ (320), `vburTaobdi, vnadirobdi, viT katasa, vxocdi lomsa~ (328). b) davaJkacebuli `wmindani~ namdvili `sulieri gmiria~ da `zekaci~. is ebrZvis da sZlevs xorcsa da sxvadasxva xasiaTis cTunebas am qveynad, èSmaks~, romelic mas xSirad xilulad, viTomc adamianisa da romelime cxovelis saxiT, eCveneba, da iseTs saswaulebs asrulebs, romelnic mas bunebis kanonebze maRla ayeneben. asevea poemeb- Sic. tarieli ambobs: `moviwife, davemsgavse mzesa Tvalad, lomsa nakvTad~ (319), misi gmiroba, poemiT, xom yvelasaTvis cnobilia; anda amiran-darejanianis gmirebisa, ra dabrkolebebs ar ebrZvian da ar sZleven isini lomebis, devebis, grZneulebis, gvele- Sapebis da sxv. saxiT? erTi sityviT, isini namdvili `zekacebi~ arian, maT mier Cadenili `saqmeni sagmironi” iseTive fantastikaa, rogorebic wmindanebis saswaulebi. g) `wmindanis~ amqveyniuri cxovreba warmoadgens ganuwyvetel `samsaxurs~ RvTisadmi da Seunelebel erTgulebas, misi siyvarulisaTvis is iTmens da itans aTasgvar asketur Rvawls da Sromas, is namdvili `mijnuria~ RvTisa da misi agentebis (gansakuTrebiT RvTismSoblis); maTTvis bnedva, maTTvis kvdoma `wmindanebs~ mierekeba udabnoebisaken, sadac mravali maTgani aTeuli wlebiT cxovrobs ise, rom adamianis saxes ver xedavs, da sadac isini Seuneleblad àlRoben cremliTa TvisiTa sarecelsa Tvissa~. movigoniT `vefxistyaosnis~ da àmiran-darejanianis~ gmirebi, maTi mijnuroba, rainduli `samsaxuri~ da Tavdadeba satrfosaTvis, maTi velad gaWra, sul- Tqma oxrva da cremlSeuSrobeli tirili, rom msgavseba naTeli gaxdes. d) `sulieri gmiri~ – wmidani an msxverplad ewireba Tavis mizans, _ mowamebriv sikvdils iTmens, anda xangrZlivi gaWirvebul-Seviwroebuli asketikuri cxovrebis Semdeg bunebrivi sikvdiliT kvdeba, magram orsave SemTxvevaSi is keTils borotze amarjvebinebs, suls – xorcze, saiqios – saaqaoze. asevea poemebSic: rogoric ar unda iyos bolo gmirebisa, isini mizans aRweven da bolosdabolos, amboben: `borotsa sZlia keTilman, arseba misi grZelia~. visac safuZvlianad Seuswavlia hagiografiuli literatura da muStris TvaliT ukiTxavs Cveni sagmiro-samijnuro poemebi, misTvis udaoa erToba aRniSnuli oTxi elementisa. axla ganvixiloT lirika orisave stilisa: sasulierosi – himnografia, da saerosi – xotbiTi poezia. sasuliero himnografias, warmodgenils, magaliTad, abo tfilelis `qebasa~ da meaTe saukunis himnografebis SromebSi, sami kompoziciuri Sabloni axasiaTebs: a) avtoris mier Tavisi uRirsobisa da araraobis aRiareba, b)
Page 2 and 3:
g a m o c d e b i s e r o v n u l i
Page 4 and 5:
S e s a v a l i `maswavleblis bibli
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entaciasTan erTad, qarTul kulturas
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RmerTi, `romeli hyofs simdablesa ma
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ne) zviadi maRalfardovnebisagan. io
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ad aRmoCnda, rom igi RmerTia~. miwi
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met xans rom grZeldeba, TiTqmis mTl
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movediT, Zmano, STavixedneT saflavT
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xedviT. Yyofiereba miCneulia sikeTe
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mianiSnebs kaeSans, Rimili - naTels
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axali drois Teologiuri azrovneba eT
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nawarmoebi, mxolod esTetikuri TvalT
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lis moxmareba ki ar ikrZaleba, aram
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wmindanis ltolva wmindanobisaken, m
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viT garejelis mowafe lukiane cxadad
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arc mxolod TanamedroveTa zogadi dam
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`cxovrebaTa~ gmiri Tavidanve nebayo
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zurgs aqceven, uSurvelad gascemen q
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X-XI ss-Si asketizmis esTetikis gam
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SemosZarcvia suls, didi Zalisxmevis
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`saSen masalad~ iSviaTad iyenebs ko
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om, stereotipi nakli ki ar aris amg
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azriT, `qarTuli hagiografiis dasawy
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Zlieri damakavSirebeli rgoli iyo bi
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ne Sesagragnelad mCuari wmidaÁ wmi
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iakob xucesis `SuSanikis wameba~ 52
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aris dakavSirebuli, wmindani uwmind
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`SuSanikis wamebaSi~ hagiografiisaT
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uli sulis gamarjveba xorcze. mowame
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qorwinebac. amave dros, `samkauli~
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qristianobas ar darTvia mwvalebluri
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mogvianebiT gaCndeba bzari samyaros
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mentebi. idealisaken mimaval gzaze
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vis, ucqire da daixsome, Wabuko~ 19
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Cven sityvas aRar gavagrZelebT. vit
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Sinagani konfliqtis Sinaarsis aspeq
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sakiTxavTa Janrs am dros ukve garkv
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igive unda iTqvas armazis msxvrevis
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qristianoba saqarTveloSi. es ki mis
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eikonuri anu xatisebri gansaxovneba
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viT dagvirgvinebuli, dabla CamoSveb
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om saerTod uarvyoT misi esTetikurob
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zemore STagonebas mosdevs TviT macx
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Tul enas saxarebaSi simbolurad laza
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xile zeciT gardamo ubrwyinvalesi mz
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eklesia aSenda mayvlovanSi, xolo qv
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nian da movidian samoTxesa mas, da
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`wminda ninos cxovrebis~ mTeli saxi
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nebis Tavisuflebis kvalobaze, adami
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veles yovlisa, qedmaRlobis qveS, ro
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mas kibesa winamZRurobisasa aRiyvan
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uar-yo... egeviTarman man ganTqumul
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ZTaSi stumrad mosul berebs erTxel g
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kefaliisaTvis gamarTul disputSi mon
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ogorc varaudoben, Txzuleba dawerili
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ogorc aRniSnaven, ioane sabaniZis T
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gulisa Tquenisani maspinZel eqmeniT
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qarTvelebs siyvaruliT `haboTi~ Seuc
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TavSi sabanisZe eklesiaSi Semokrebi
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keTilad Semmzadebel sulnelTa maT sa
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omelic macxovarTan erTad gaakres jv
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qarTlSi WeSmarit qristianad dabrune
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qarTuli agiografia ioane sabanisZe,
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msoflios `yurea~. amas exmianeba na
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welTaRricxvis win. amas emateba 786
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ul RirsebaTa warmoCenas yovelTvis S
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swavlulni ufroÁs gulisxmier hyuen,
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cxli ese queyanaisaÁ, aramed viTar
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pirispirebas). 2. erovnuli TviTgacn
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tesa da beatriCes pirispir dgoma ma
Page 142 and 143: Tornike ambobda: `me CemTa codvaTaT
Page 144 and 145: is gacocxleba, anu imis garkveva, T
Page 146 and 147: ar unda gvesmodes, rom gaaRrmavao e
Page 148 and 149: giorgi merCulis `grigol xanZTelis c
Page 150 and 151: ogoricaa samebis arsi, mwvalebloba
Page 152 and 153: giorgi merCulis Txzulebis mTavari g
Page 154 and 155: missa cis-sartyelis saxed, Sueniera
Page 156 and 157: gasaTavisufleblad SeimarTnen wmida
Page 158 and 159: `sulier-mxatvrul Rvwas~ (`naTeli mi
Page 160 and 161: leqsis saxelwodebad Zvel-qarTul mwe
Page 162 and 163: aSkaraa, klasikuri qarTuli leqsis s
Page 164 and 165: eziis Zeglebi proziT aris naweri? e
Page 166 and 167: 3 (antistrofi) 4 (antistrofi) STah
Page 168 and 169: II kavSiri Zvel-qarTuli himnografiu
Page 170 and 171: isa, musikaluris kompoziciebiT. am
Page 172 and 173: da ara mxolod saleqso sazomebisa; s
Page 174 and 175: 1 (strofi) 2 (antistrofi) mÃdom me
Page 176 and 177: da zusti saxelwodeba qarTuli leqsis
Page 178 and 179: Zala eklesiebSi Tavisufali improviz
Page 180 and 181: adamianisaTvis gaixsnas ideis Sinaa
Page 182 and 183: cxadia, naTqvami imas ar niSnavs, r
Page 184 and 185: intonaciur xmovanebas nawarmoebis t
Page 186 and 187: daviTis TqmiT, man elinTa mier RmrT
Page 188 and 189: uria xeTelis colTan _ bersabesTan.
Page 190 and 191: erTmaneTisagan mkveTrad gansxvavdeb
Page 194 and 195: Sesxma da qeba ama Tu im `sulieri g
Page 196 and 197: usTaveli da misi poema (nawyvetebi)
Page 198 and 199: sasiyvarulo ambebi cudad moqmedebs
Page 200 and 201: prozad Targmnili `visramiani~ _ mso
Page 202 and 203: didebulebisa rcxveniaT. tarieli iZu
Page 204 and 205: ls, amJamad ki mters - WaSnagirs, r
Page 206 and 207: teraturuli wyaros damowmeba imisTvi
Page 208 and 209: mwyobr SenobaSi, romlis mizania, Te
Page 210 and 211: adamianis arsebobis Zireul sakiTxeb
Page 212 and 213: koncefciis es Tavisebureba aisaxeba
Page 214 and 215: nebis, misi simdidris mtkicebaSia,
Page 216 and 217: 2. `raca vis ra bedma misces, dasje
Page 218 and 219: 25. `viT moixmaros monaman patronsa
Page 220 and 221: aRniSnuli kontrasti aixsneba ara du
Page 222 and 223: platoni da rusTveli 222 baCana breg
Page 224 and 225: am qveynad yvelafers Tavisi garkveu
Page 226 and 227: eqstazi poetur simRerebad da sagalo
Page 228 and 229: SevCerdebi mxolod erTze. movitan or
Page 230 and 231: arbarosTa msaxvral xelsac ki gadaur
Page 232 and 233: unebrivad unda migvaCndes, rom `vef
Page 234 and 235: Su noi già il ciel dischiudesi…
Page 236 and 237: usTavelis esTetika (nawyvetebi) 236
Page 238 and 239: vefxistyaosnis centraluri saxeebi,
Page 240 and 241: stilis xelovneba. mas sdevnian esTe
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ogor SeviswavloT da rogor vaswavloT
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personaJis emocia, amaRlebulis esTe
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as qadagebs. rusTveli msoflmxedvelo
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losofiuri motivirebacaa. da rac ars
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avTandilis galoba 250 griver farula
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dambadebeli usazRvro trfialebiT ems
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avTandili Teurgia, xelovania, mTel
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siaxle, Sen Semagulvane Secodebisa
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ni, rac niSnavs giJs, Smags. roca S
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xosrovis Svilma mariamisagan, mefe-
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iT moindoma man Sirinis monadireba,
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avi, beJanis da maniJes ambavi da s
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isagan itanjeboda. sneulma maspinZe
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nizebul redaqcias. aq TiTqmis mTlia
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kaco-sagmiro da sapatronymo idealeb
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xedoT~ samyaros, rom maSinve vigrZn
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xibli arakad Tqmisa 274 vaxtang gog
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sulxan-sabas zneobrivi mrwamsis gag
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adaTic. axaldabadebul vaJs aZleven
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as, yoyloCinobas, umadurobas, flido
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wignebSia gamokveTili. WeSmarit Tav
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ganpirobebulia raimegvari motiviT,
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`daviTianis~ avtori skefsisis Semwy
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i poeziis saunjidan unda iyos amozi
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luri qali RvTiur Zalad iqceva, real
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turi TviTgardasaxvani, (`gind meZin
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2. rogorc aRvniSneT, `daviTianSi~ b
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li gansazRvravda da Semdeg miawerda
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lier pursac~ da saerTod, d. guramiS
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a pirovnebaSi gaCndes mravali `me~.
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mo sayvarelo, imyofebi sada? qveskn
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8. principi, rom adamiani ixatebode
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nen, `marTlis Tqma~ iyo. Teoriulad
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didsa iqmian mefeni puroba-darbazob
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daviT guramiSvilma qarTul poeziaSi
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sebaa. vaJa arasodes aravisi Taname
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aqac iseve, rogorc pirvel magaliTSi
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Sav Tval-warbas, pirad TeTrsa, asxd
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ali~ - am fraziT xazgasmulia raRac
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literatura: 1. А. Ф. Лосев,
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xeebSia warmodgenili da mkiTxveli u
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dRes misi saxeliTaa cnobili, magali
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erTmaneTze mSvenier saxe-simboloebs
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ioane batoniSvili da misi `xumarswa
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maRali mowodebis, kvali. don kixoti
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liTac ukavSirdeba sikeTisaTvis mebr
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S i n a a r s i: 1. Sesavali ------
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336
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