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cxadia, naTqvami imas ar niSnavs, rom sasuliero poeziaSi sruliad ar gamoiyofoda metaforuli azrovnebis nakadi. qarTul sagaloblebSi gaielveben xolme mxatvruli eqspresiiT aRbeWdili brwyinvale poeturi saxeebi, magram maT aRsaqmeladac garkveuli kanonzomierebaa gasaTvaliswinebeli. saqme is gaxlavT, rom himnografebi eswrafvian zedroulisa da zesivrculis asaxvas, konkretulis ganzogadebas, sinamdvilis abstrahirebas, amitom zogadis gamoxatvis literaturuli xerxebi, iqneba es metafora-simbolo, Sedareba Tu epiTeti, aRniSnul mizans eqvemdebareba. sagalobelTa sityvebi xSirad saganTa warmoCenis nacvlad am saganTa sulier faseulobas gvixasiaTebs: maSinac ki, roca grZnobad-konkretuls aRniSnavs, upiratesad am konkretulis miRma arsebul azrs wamoswevs. aRniSnuli Tviseba sazogadod aris damaxasiaTebeli Sua saukuneebis mxatvruli warmosaxvisaTvis. am specifikas zustad gansazRvravs e. auerbaxis Semdegi msjeloba: `RvTaebam mZinare adamis neknisagan Seqmna pirveli qali, eva _ es konkretulia da TvalsaCino; jariskacma laxvari ugmira jvarcmuli qristes sxeuls, da am sxeulidan wveTavs sisxli da wyali, _ esec TvalsaCinoa da konkretuli. magram rodesac Targmaneba-komentari am or movlenas aerTianebs, roca Cven gvaswavlian, rom adamis sizmari _ alegoriuli figuraa qristes sikvdilisa, rom _ rogorc adamis Wrilobidan daibada eva, xorcieli deda kacTa modgmisa, aseve qristes Wrilobidan iSva eklesia, _ sulieri deda cocxalTa, rom sisxli da wyali saidumlos simboloebia, _ maSin alegoriuli SinaarsiT daTrgunvili grZnobad-konkretuli saxe qreba. is, rasac aRiqvams mkiTxveli da msmeneli, TviT mayurebelic, saxviTi xelovnebis nawarmoebis Wvretisas, naklebad iwvevs grZnobiT STabeWdilebas. interesi mTlianad mimar- Tulia mniSvnelobisaken, azriTi konteqstisaken~. sasuliero poeziaSi literaturuli xerxebi Sesxmis obieqtis idealur Tvisebebs warmoaCens, mis maradiul sulier faseulobas asaxavs. sagalobelTa epiTetebis rkalSi gamoiyofa iseTebi, romlebic saerToa mTeli sasuliero poeziisaTvis. ase- Tebia, magaliTad: `RmerTSemosili~, `netari~, `Rirsi~, `axovani~, `mxedari qristesi~, `sanatreli~, `saCino~. amaTgan `RmerTSemosili~ erT sagalobelSi ramdenimejer Sei- Zleba ganmeordes da igi ornamentad ar unda aRviqvaT. es aris wmindanis arsebis ganmsazRvreli sityva, romelic sagans logikuri definiciis sizustiT swvdeba. RmerTSemosili pirvelsaxesTan dabrunebuli adamiania, masSi RvTaebaa Semosuli. rogorc aRvniSneT, `RmerTSemosili~ wmindanis uzogadesi atributia da ara sagnis damakonkretebeli Tu individualuri niSnis warmomCeni. igive unda iTqvas sasuliero poeziis metafora-simboloebzec. maradiulis arss yvelaze ukeT Sua saukuneebis metaforul-simboluri azrovneba swvdeba. es metafora-simboloebi Teologiur moZRvrebasTan arian mWidrod dakavSirebulni da amitomac originalurisa da TavisTavadobis pretenzia maT arc SeiZleba hqondeT. qarTvel wmindanebisadmi miZRvnil sagaloblebSi gvxvdeba `margalitis~ saxe-simboloze aRmocenebuli Semdegi metaforuli sityva-Tqmani: `etrfiale Sen, mamao, margalitsa mraval sasyidlisasa, romlisa Zebnad ganxued siCCoTgan~... `moiyide margaliti isi usasyidlo da aw winaSe missa mdgomare xar~... `etrfiale sibrZnesa RmerTSemosilo, da Seiyvare igi ufroÁs yovlisa da viTarca margaliti patiosani, sulisa saunjeTa dahmarxe~. margalitis simbolo Sua saukuneebis sasuliero poeziaSi metismetad gavrcelebulia, igi saTaves iRebs maTes saxarebaSi (maTe 13, 45-46). aq usasyidlo margalitSi igulisxmeba caTa sasufeveli. s. averincevis SeniSvniT, Semdeg margaliti TviT qristes simbolod iqca. es interpretaciebi ar gamoricxaven erTmaneTs, radgan mopoveba WeSmaritebisa, romelic aris qriste, morwmuneTaTvis aris mopoveba maradiuli sasufevlisa. aTonel himnografebTan wmindanebi margalitis momgeblad arian dasaxulni. sagaloblebSi dadasturebuli sxva simbolo-metaforebic ar gamoirCeva originalobiT: `saRvTo naTelis elva~, `zecis saRvTo navTsayudeli~, `cremlTa ufskrulSi danTqma~, `etliT cis kamaras asvla~, `cvarTagan madlisaTa morwyva~, `seri sulie- 182

i~, `zecis talavari~, `nergi wminda~, `RuTiv danergili~ da sxva msgavsi gamoTqmebi sasuliero poeziis is tradiciuli formulebia, romlebic gadadian sagaloblidan sagalobelSi. d.lixaCovis maxvilgonivruli dakvirvebiT, es formulebi inarCuneben pirveli mxatvruli mignebis ganumeoreblobis niSans. mravalgzis wakiTxva leqsisa ar ukargavs TavisTavadobas mxatvrul mignebas, gameorebuli formulebic erTi leqsis mravaljer wakiTxvis daria. `tradiciuli formula TiTqos patara mxatvruli nawarmoebia~. marTlac, Znelia, ramem Seanelos eqspresia Semdegi poeturi formulebisa: `moguefina Cven dResaswauli Seni wmindaÁ, viTarca mzisTuali, da ganiotebs Cuengan vnebaTa zamTars mZimesa~ (efTÂme mTawmindelis dasdebelni). `aneul hyav yana sulisa, muSako Sueniero, da Tesli gulisÃmisyofisa dasTese da mogÂmke Tavwarsxmuli wignTa saRToÁTa~ (wmindisa mamisa Cvenisa giorgi mTawmidelisa). aseve ar gacvTeba saxarebis igavebiT STagonebuli saxeebi, romelTa transplantacia erTi garemodan meoreSi sruliad ar qmnis rame uxerxulobas. himnografebis mxatvruli amocanaa, ganazogados saTqmeli, gaxazos misi zogadsakacobrio mniSvneloba. saamisod sakuTari poeturi sityvis bibliur saxeebsa da sityva-TqmebTan SeTanabreba yvelaze ukeTesi gzaa. bibliuri personaJebis moxmoba da wmindanebis maTTan Sedarebac (sagaloblebSi Zalian xSiradaa naxsenebi, rogorc Zveli, aseve axali aR- Tqmis personaJebi), imave mizans isaxavs. bibliur personaJebTan dakavSirebulia maradiuli Rirebulebis mqone movlenebi, amitom es gmirebi kacTa modgmis yvelanair saxes gamoadgebian arqetipebad. v) axla vupasuxoT kiTxvas: ra Seadgens sasuliero poeziis mxatvruli bunebis arsebiT Taviseburebas? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema cota Soridan unda daviwyoT. literaturaTmcodneobaSi xazgasmiTaa naTqvami _ mxatvrulma nawarmoebma esTetikuri gavlena rom moaxdinos mkiTxvelze, igi unda gaxmovandes: `wigni sanoto rveulis analogiuria, _ naTqvamia erT literaturaTmcodneobiTs naSromSi. _ ise, rogorc musikis realoba, musikis namdvili arseboba ganxorcielebulia SesrulebaSi, simRerasa Tu orkestris xmovanebaSi, zustad aseve literaturuli nawarmoebis realobac dakavSirebulia sityvier SemoqmedebasTan, kiTxvasTan (Tundac es kiTxva sruldebodes `TavisTvis~)~. Tu aseTi Sexedulebebi kanonzomieria sazogadod mxatvruli nawarmoebis mimarT, miT ufro aucilebelia maTi gaTvaliswineba Zvel sasuliero poeziasTan kavSirSi, radgan es poezia arc arsebobda xmovanebis gareSe. sagaloblis sityva da vokali erTmaneTisagan gauTiSavi iyo. magram gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoebac, rom teqstisa da melodiis urTierTmimarTebaSi ganmsazRvreli mniSvneloba eniWeboda azrs, teqstis Sinaarss, mis ideur mxares. specialistTa Tanaxmad, saeklesio galobis Tavisebureba imaSia, rom azri unda batonobdes galobis xmaze, melodia mxolod damateba unda iyos cocxali sityvisa; xmis mimoqcevam ki ar unda daCrdilos azris da sityvis moZraoba, aramed unda mianiWos gamomxatveloba da STambeWdaoba im farglebSi, romelsac moicavs sagaloblis sityvieri masala. imdenad didi iyo mniSvneloba sityvis Sinaarsisa, rom galobis SemsruleblisaTvis aucilebeli arc ki iyo vokaluri monacemebi. netari avgustine ambobda: `RmerTs unda ugalobo ara xmiT, aramed guliT. qristes monam unda igalobos ise, rom mogvxiblos ara misma xmam, aramed _ sityvebma~. sasuliero poeziis mxatvruli buneba kargad iyo gaxsnili mis melodiaSi. himnebi Tavisi keTilxmovanebiT izidavda da ganaspetakebda msmenels. ai, rogor axasiaTebda Sua saukuneebis didi mistikosi grigol noseli musikas: `melodia sxva araferia, Tu ara mowodeba amaRlebuli cxovrebisaken. igi moagonebs yvelas, vinc sikeTes msaxurebs, ar dauSvas Tavis zne-CveulebebSi rame aramusikaluri, aramwyobri, araTanxmieri~. magram sasuliero poeziis nimuSebs Cven umTavresad melodiis gareSe vecnobiT, CvenTvis bevri maTganis musikaluri gaxmovaneba sruliad ucnobia. aqedan SeiZleboda dagveskvna, rom am sagaloblebis mxatvrul bunebas Cven mTeli sisavsiT ver vwvdebiT. magram Tu gavixsenebT im garemoebas, rom sagaloblis melodias, mis 183

cxadia, naTqvami imas ar niSnavs, rom sasuliero poeziaSi sruliad ar gamoiyofoda<br />

metaforuli azrovnebis nakadi. qarTul sagaloblebSi gaielveben xolme mxatvruli<br />

eqspresiiT aRbeWdili brwyinvale poeturi saxeebi, magram maT aRsaqmeladac<br />

garkveuli kanonzomierebaa gasaTvaliswinebeli. saqme is gaxlavT, rom himnografebi<br />

eswrafvian zedroulisa da zesivrculis asaxvas, konkretulis ganzogadebas, sinamdvilis<br />

abstrahirebas, amitom zogadis gamoxatvis literaturuli xerxebi, iqneba es<br />

metafora-simbolo, Sedareba Tu epiTeti, aRniSnul mizans eqvemdebareba. sagalobelTa<br />

sityvebi xSirad saganTa warmoCenis nacvlad am saganTa sulier faseulobas<br />

gvixasiaTebs: maSinac ki, roca grZnobad-konkretuls aRniSnavs, upiratesad am konkretulis<br />

miRma arsebul azrs wamoswevs.<br />

aRniSnuli Tviseba sazogadod aris damaxasiaTebeli Sua saukuneebis mxatvruli<br />

warmosaxvisaTvis. am specifikas zustad gansazRvravs e. auerbaxis Semdegi msjeloba:<br />

`RvTaebam mZinare adamis neknisagan Seqmna pirveli qali, eva _ es konkretulia da<br />

TvalsaCino; jariskacma laxvari ugmira jvarcmuli qristes sxeuls, da am sxeulidan<br />

wveTavs sisxli da wyali, _ esec TvalsaCinoa da konkretuli. magram rodesac<br />

Targmaneba-komentari am or movlenas aerTianebs, roca Cven gvaswavlian, rom adamis<br />

sizmari _ alegoriuli figuraa qristes sikvdilisa, rom _ rogorc adamis Wrilobidan<br />

daibada eva, xorcieli deda kacTa modgmisa, aseve qristes Wrilobidan iSva eklesia,<br />

_ sulieri deda cocxalTa, rom sisxli da wyali saidumlos simboloebia, _<br />

maSin alegoriuli SinaarsiT daTrgunvili grZnobad-konkretuli saxe qreba. is, rasac<br />

aRiqvams mkiTxveli da msmeneli, TviT mayurebelic, saxviTi xelovnebis nawarmoebis<br />

Wvretisas, naklebad iwvevs grZnobiT STabeWdilebas. interesi mTlianad mimar-<br />

Tulia mniSvnelobisaken, azriTi konteqstisaken~.<br />

sasuliero poeziaSi literaturuli xerxebi Sesxmis obieqtis idealur Tvisebebs<br />

warmoaCens, mis maradiul sulier faseulobas asaxavs. sagalobelTa epiTetebis<br />

rkalSi gamoiyofa iseTebi, romlebic saerToa mTeli sasuliero poeziisaTvis. ase-<br />

Tebia, magaliTad: `RmerTSemosili~, `netari~, `Rirsi~, `axovani~, `mxedari qristesi~,<br />

`sanatreli~, `saCino~. amaTgan `RmerTSemosili~ erT sagalobelSi ramdenimejer Sei-<br />

Zleba ganmeordes da igi ornamentad ar unda aRviqvaT. es aris wmindanis arsebis<br />

ganmsazRvreli sityva, romelic sagans logikuri definiciis sizustiT swvdeba. RmerTSemosili<br />

pirvelsaxesTan dabrunebuli adamiania, masSi RvTaebaa Semosuli. rogorc<br />

aRvniSneT, `RmerTSemosili~ wmindanis uzogadesi atributia da ara sagnis damakonkretebeli<br />

Tu individualuri niSnis warmomCeni.<br />

igive unda iTqvas sasuliero poeziis metafora-simboloebzec. maradiulis arss<br />

yvelaze ukeT Sua saukuneebis metaforul-simboluri azrovneba swvdeba. es metafora-simboloebi<br />

Teologiur moZRvrebasTan arian mWidrod dakavSirebulni da amitomac<br />

originalurisa da TavisTavadobis pretenzia maT arc SeiZleba hqondeT. qarTvel<br />

wmindanebisadmi miZRvnil sagaloblebSi gvxvdeba `margalitis~ saxe-simboloze aRmocenebuli<br />

Semdegi metaforuli sityva-Tqmani: `etrfiale Sen, mamao, margalitsa mraval<br />

sasyidlisasa, romlisa Zebnad ganxued siCCoTgan~... `moiyide margaliti isi usasyidlo<br />

da aw winaSe missa mdgomare xar~... `etrfiale sibrZnesa RmerTSemosilo, da<br />

Seiyvare igi ufroÁs yovlisa da viTarca margaliti patiosani, sulisa saunjeTa dahmarxe~.<br />

margalitis simbolo Sua saukuneebis sasuliero poeziaSi metismetad gavrcelebulia,<br />

igi saTaves iRebs maTes saxarebaSi (maTe 13, 45-46). aq usasyidlo margalitSi<br />

igulisxmeba caTa sasufeveli. s. averincevis SeniSvniT, Semdeg margaliti TviT<br />

qristes simbolod iqca. es interpretaciebi ar gamoricxaven erTmaneTs, radgan mopoveba<br />

WeSmaritebisa, romelic aris qriste, morwmuneTaTvis aris mopoveba maradiuli<br />

sasufevlisa. aTonel himnografebTan wmindanebi margalitis momgeblad arian dasaxulni.<br />

sagaloblebSi dadasturebuli sxva simbolo-metaforebic ar gamoirCeva originalobiT:<br />

`saRvTo naTelis elva~, `zecis saRvTo navTsayudeli~, `cremlTa ufskrulSi<br />

danTqma~, `etliT cis kamaras asvla~, `cvarTagan madlisaTa morwyva~, `seri sulie-<br />

182

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