iii_tomi.pdf
iii_tomi.pdf iii_tomi.pdf
da zusti saxelwodeba qarTuli leqsis am mesame saxeobisa iqneba `wyobili sityva ricxvedi~. qvemoT Cven mokle aRniSvniT `wyobili sityva~ yovelTvis vgulisxmobT qarTuli leqsTwyobis am mesame saxeobas `wyobili sityva ricxvedi~. `wyobili sityvis~ teqstebi Zveli qarTuli mwerlobis pirveli aTaseulis ZeglebSi Zveli qarTuli mwerlobis ZeglTa Seswavlam Cven migviyvana im daskvnamde, rom Cveni welTaRricxvis pirveli aTaseulis ZeglebSi Cven gvaqvs nimuSebi aq dasaxelebuli leqsTwyobisa, `wyobili sityvisa~. am saxis leqsTwyobis nimuSebi Cven pirvelad gamovavlineT leonti mrovelis TxzulebaSi `cxoreba qarTvelTa~. saxeldobr gamoirkva, rom `wyobili sityviT~ yofila dawerili uZvelesi Zvel-qarTuli folkloruli teqstebi, Sesuli leonti mrovelis TxzulebaSi: 1. glova qarTvelTa mefis farsman qvelisa (`mgosanTa~ Tqmuli); 2. brZola mirvan qarTvelTa mefisa da durZukTa; 3. brZola gmirTa da sastikeba haerisa; 4. Tqmulebani farnavazze (sizmari farnavazisa; nadiroba farnavazisa da povna ganZisa). gamoirkva amasTan, rom `wyobili sityviT~ aris dawerili grigol xanZTelis `savedrebelni~ (I, I-a, II, III) da `qebaÁ klarjeTisa udabnoTaÁ~. `wyobili sityvis~ formiT aris dawerili agreTve `qebaÁ qarTulisa enisaÁ~. amave formiT aris dawerili iovane bolnelis `mRvdelT-moZRuarTaTÂs~ (Sesxma). amave formas `wyobil sityvas~ iyenebs uZvelesi xanis qarTuli himnografia (egreTwodebulni sagalobelni `Zuelni qarTulni~). mas Semdeg, rac gamovavlineT `wyobili sityvis~ teqstebi Zvel-qarTuls originalur ZeglebSi, Cven SeviswavleT Zvel-qarTuli Targmnili Zeglebi. rogorc cnobilia, `wyobili sityvis~ tipis leqsTwyoba miRebuli iyo aRmosavlur poeziaSi semur enaTa. `wyobili sityvis~ klasikuri nimuSebi Cven gvaqvs Zvel-ebraul bibliaSi. Zvelma ebraulma poeziam ar icis sxva saxis leqsTwyoba, garda `wyobili sityvisa~. ibadeboda sakiTxi, Tu rogor aris gadmocemuli Zvel-qarTul mwerlobaSi Zveli ebrauli poeziis teqstebi, bibliis poeturi qmnilebani, `wyobili sityvis~ formis dacviT, Tu daucvelad? gamoirkva, rom `wyobili sityva~ imdenad damkvidrebuli forma yofila arqauli epoqis qarTuls mwerlobaSi, rom bibliuri poeziis teqstebi qarTulad uTargmniaT maTi formis `wyobili sityvis~ dacviT. ase, `wyobili sityviT~ aris gadmocemuli qarTulad daviTis fsalmuni. aseve `wyobili sityviT~ aris Targmnili bibliis cnobili galobani (galoba mosesi, I da II, da sxvani). `wyobili sityvis~ ritmuli struqtura (taepovani wyoba) Cven ukve gvqonda saubari imis Sesaxeb, rom `wyobili sityvis~ ritmuli struqturis safuZvels Seadgens ara `marcvledoba~ taepisa, ara muxledovani an terfovani wyoba taepTa (rogorc es gvaqvs silaburs, tonurs, qvantitetur leqsTwyobebSi), aramed taepovani wyoba. gamosavali ritmuli erTeuli aq aris mTliani taepi, damoukideblad misi `marcvledobisa~, sigrZe-simoklisa. taepi aq Sekruli unda iyos Sinaarsoblivi erTianobiT. leqsTwyobas aq hqmnis ara muxledTa da terfTa ritmika, aramed Sinaarsoblivad erTiani taepebis ritmika, mTlian taepTa ritmiuli monacvleoba. `wyobili sityvis~ Taviseburebas Seadgens amasTan is garemoeba, rom taepTa ritmuli monacvleobisa da Sepirispirebis dros aq farTod gamoiyeneba egreT-wodebul saxeTa paralelizmi. 176
qarTuli himnografia 177 laura grigolaSvili a) qarTuli himnografia organuli nawilia poeziisa, romelSic maqsimalurad gamovlinda Cveni eris SemoqmedebiTi niWi da potencia. sasuliero sagaloblebi saukuneTa manZilze xvewdnen qarTveli poetebis gemovnebasa da stils. cnobilia, rom sagalobelTa poeturi saxeebi airekla rusTavelisa da misi epoqis didostatTa mxatvrul naazrevSi. isini funqcionireben dResac. marTalia, sasuliero poezia Seqmnilia Cvengan daSorebul xanaSi da amitom bevri ram himnografTa koncefciaSi CvenTvis gaugebaria da miuRebelic, magram, es, cxadia, ar aTavisuflebs Cvens axalgazrdobas am poeziis Seswavlisagan. mecnierulma kvlevam cxadyo, rom saero mwerloba, romelic ideuri SinaarsiTa da stiliT gansxvavdeba himnografiisagan, masTan msgavsebas avlens rigi Temebisa da motivebis damuSavebaSi, ama Tu im mxatvruli xerxis msgavsi funqciiT gamoyenebaSi. saero da sasuliero poeziaSi erTnairad Suqdeba sinamdvilis iseTi aspeqtebi, rogoricaa: samyaros ierarqia, erovnuli TviTSegneba, astraluri sinamdvile, msoflio sevda, sikeTe-boroteba, sawuTros amaoeba, poeziis RvTaebrivi daniSnuleba, sakuTari uRirsobis aRiareba da sxv. sasuliero poeziaSi gamoikveTa erovnuli gmiris ideali, romelic Semdeg axali SinaarsiT gaamdidra saero mwerlobam. himnografia aris sasuliero poezia, sadac poeturi teqsti, Cveulebriv, galobiT sruldeba. termini `himni~ ZvelTaZvelia. platonis ganmartebiT, `simReris is gvari, romelic RvTaebisadmi mimarTuli locva iyo, iwodeboda himnad. himnebiT RvTaebas scemdnen Tayvans~. himni iTxzveboda gmiris an romelime cnobili pirovnebis pativsacemadac, xSirad himns raime sasixarulo an samgloviaro SemTxvevis gamoc werdnen. himni ufro adre warmoiSva, vidre isini berZnul wyaroebSi dafiqsirdebodnen. qristianuli sasuliero poezia Caisaxa qristianuli sazogadoebis SeqmnasTan er- Tad; macxovari da misi mowafeebi, agrZelebdnen ra uZveles tradiciebs, TviTonac Txzavdnen sagaloblebs. erT-erTi gadmocemis Tanaxmad, ritualur trapezobaTa dros TiTqmis yoveli monawile purobisa asrulebda sakuTar, zogjer improvizirebul sagalobels. specialistTa azriT, TviT macxovari iyo poeti da xSirad metyvelebda fsalmunebisa Tu solomonis igavebis eniT. niSandoblivia, rom jvarze gakruli qristes ukanaskneli sityvebi fsalmunidan iyo: ufalo RmerTo, raÁsTvis damiteveb me? (fs. 21,2). sagaloblis arss Seadgenda misi xotbiTi Sinaarsi. IV saukunis cnobili saeklesio moRvawe netari avgustine platonis msgavsad gvauwyebda: `Tqven iciT, ra aris himni: esaa simRera, romelic ganadidebs RmerTs. Tu adideb RmerTs, magram ar galob, es ar aris himni; Tu Sen mReri, magram ar adideb RmerTs, am simRerasac ar SeiZleba ewodos himni~. maSasadame, qristianuli himnic, msgavsad uZvelesi sakulto sagaloblebisa, RvTaebisadmi aRvlenil didebas gamoxatavda, magram droTa ganmavlobaSi sagaloblebma sxva funqciac SeiZina. man saeklesio moZRvrebis, misi dogmebis gavrcelebac ikisra. sagaloblebis saSualebiT qristianebi avrcelebdnen orTodoqsul moZRvrebas. amitomaa, rom bizantiuri himnografia asaxavs orTodoqsuli eklesiis dogmaturi ideebisa da doqtrinebis evoluciasac, mis polemikas sxvadasxva saxis mwvaleblobasTan. cnobilia, rom konstantinepolis quCebSi IV-V saukuneTa mijnaze ioane oqropiris mier Seqmnili gundebi galobdnen arianelTa seqtebis gundTa sawinaaRmdego teqstebs. Tu adre yovel qristians SeeZlo sajarod Seesrulebina Tavisi sakuTari sagalobeli, IV saukunidan mkacrad ganisazRvra sagalobelTa teqstebis Sinaarsi. bizantiuri himnografiis avtoritetuli mkvlevari e. veleSi wers: `warsuls bardeboda adreuli qristianobis pirveli dReebi, da maTTan erTad qreboda individualur religiur grZnobaTa gamoxatva~. IV saukunis bolos laodikiis saeklesio krebam akr-
- Page 126 and 127: qarTuli agiografia ioane sabanisZe,
- Page 128 and 129: msoflios `yurea~. amas exmianeba na
- Page 130 and 131: welTaRricxvis win. amas emateba 786
- Page 132 and 133: ul RirsebaTa warmoCenas yovelTvis S
- Page 134 and 135: swavlulni ufroÁs gulisxmier hyuen,
- Page 136 and 137: cxli ese queyanaisaÁ, aramed viTar
- Page 138 and 139: pirispirebas). 2. erovnuli TviTgacn
- Page 140 and 141: tesa da beatriCes pirispir dgoma ma
- Page 142 and 143: Tornike ambobda: `me CemTa codvaTaT
- Page 144 and 145: is gacocxleba, anu imis garkveva, T
- Page 146 and 147: ar unda gvesmodes, rom gaaRrmavao e
- Page 148 and 149: giorgi merCulis `grigol xanZTelis c
- Page 150 and 151: ogoricaa samebis arsi, mwvalebloba
- Page 152 and 153: giorgi merCulis Txzulebis mTavari g
- Page 154 and 155: missa cis-sartyelis saxed, Sueniera
- Page 156 and 157: gasaTavisufleblad SeimarTnen wmida
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- Page 160 and 161: leqsis saxelwodebad Zvel-qarTul mwe
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- Page 166 and 167: 3 (antistrofi) 4 (antistrofi) STah
- Page 168 and 169: II kavSiri Zvel-qarTuli himnografiu
- Page 170 and 171: isa, musikaluris kompoziciebiT. am
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- Page 174 and 175: 1 (strofi) 2 (antistrofi) mÃdom me
- Page 178 and 179: Zala eklesiebSi Tavisufali improviz
- Page 180 and 181: adamianisaTvis gaixsnas ideis Sinaa
- Page 182 and 183: cxadia, naTqvami imas ar niSnavs, r
- Page 184 and 185: intonaciur xmovanebas nawarmoebis t
- Page 186 and 187: daviTis TqmiT, man elinTa mier RmrT
- Page 188 and 189: uria xeTelis colTan _ bersabesTan.
- Page 190 and 191: erTmaneTisagan mkveTrad gansxvavdeb
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- Page 198 and 199: sasiyvarulo ambebi cudad moqmedebs
- Page 200 and 201: prozad Targmnili `visramiani~ _ mso
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- Page 204 and 205: ls, amJamad ki mters - WaSnagirs, r
- Page 206 and 207: teraturuli wyaros damowmeba imisTvi
- Page 208 and 209: mwyobr SenobaSi, romlis mizania, Te
- Page 210 and 211: adamianis arsebobis Zireul sakiTxeb
- Page 212 and 213: koncefciis es Tavisebureba aisaxeba
- Page 214 and 215: nebis, misi simdidris mtkicebaSia,
- Page 216 and 217: 2. `raca vis ra bedma misces, dasje
- Page 218 and 219: 25. `viT moixmaros monaman patronsa
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- Page 224 and 225: am qveynad yvelafers Tavisi garkveu
qarTuli himnografia<br />
177<br />
laura grigolaSvili<br />
a) qarTuli himnografia organuli nawilia poeziisa, romelSic maqsimalurad gamovlinda<br />
Cveni eris SemoqmedebiTi niWi da potencia. sasuliero sagaloblebi saukuneTa<br />
manZilze xvewdnen qarTveli poetebis gemovnebasa da stils. cnobilia, rom<br />
sagalobelTa poeturi saxeebi airekla rusTavelisa da misi epoqis didostatTa<br />
mxatvrul naazrevSi. isini funqcionireben dResac.<br />
marTalia, sasuliero poezia Seqmnilia Cvengan daSorebul xanaSi da amitom bevri<br />
ram himnografTa koncefciaSi CvenTvis gaugebaria da miuRebelic, magram, es, cxadia,<br />
ar aTavisuflebs Cvens axalgazrdobas am poeziis Seswavlisagan.<br />
mecnierulma kvlevam cxadyo, rom saero mwerloba, romelic ideuri SinaarsiTa<br />
da stiliT gansxvavdeba himnografiisagan, masTan msgavsebas avlens rigi Temebisa da<br />
motivebis damuSavebaSi, ama Tu im mxatvruli xerxis msgavsi funqciiT gamoyenebaSi.<br />
saero da sasuliero poeziaSi erTnairad Suqdeba sinamdvilis iseTi aspeqtebi, rogoricaa:<br />
samyaros ierarqia, erovnuli TviTSegneba, astraluri sinamdvile, msoflio<br />
sevda, sikeTe-boroteba, sawuTros amaoeba, poeziis RvTaebrivi daniSnuleba, sakuTari<br />
uRirsobis aRiareba da sxv. sasuliero poeziaSi gamoikveTa erovnuli gmiris ideali,<br />
romelic Semdeg axali SinaarsiT gaamdidra saero mwerlobam.<br />
himnografia aris sasuliero poezia, sadac poeturi teqsti, Cveulebriv, galobiT<br />
sruldeba. termini `himni~ ZvelTaZvelia. platonis ganmartebiT, `simReris is gvari,<br />
romelic RvTaebisadmi mimarTuli locva iyo, iwodeboda himnad. himnebiT RvTaebas<br />
scemdnen Tayvans~. himni iTxzveboda gmiris an romelime cnobili pirovnebis pativsacemadac,<br />
xSirad himns raime sasixarulo an samgloviaro SemTxvevis gamoc werdnen.<br />
himni ufro adre warmoiSva, vidre isini berZnul wyaroebSi dafiqsirdebodnen.<br />
qristianuli sasuliero poezia Caisaxa qristianuli sazogadoebis SeqmnasTan er-<br />
Tad; macxovari da misi mowafeebi, agrZelebdnen ra uZveles tradiciebs, TviTonac<br />
Txzavdnen sagaloblebs. erT-erTi gadmocemis Tanaxmad, ritualur trapezobaTa<br />
dros TiTqmis yoveli monawile purobisa asrulebda sakuTar, zogjer improvizirebul<br />
sagalobels. specialistTa azriT, TviT macxovari iyo poeti da xSirad metyvelebda<br />
fsalmunebisa Tu solomonis igavebis eniT. niSandoblivia, rom jvarze gakruli<br />
qristes ukanaskneli sityvebi fsalmunidan iyo: ufalo RmerTo, raÁsTvis damiteveb<br />
me? (fs. 21,2).<br />
sagaloblis arss Seadgenda misi xotbiTi Sinaarsi. IV saukunis cnobili saeklesio<br />
moRvawe netari avgustine platonis msgavsad gvauwyebda: `Tqven iciT, ra aris<br />
himni: esaa simRera, romelic ganadidebs RmerTs. Tu adideb RmerTs, magram ar galob,<br />
es ar aris himni; Tu Sen mReri, magram ar adideb RmerTs, am simRerasac ar SeiZleba<br />
ewodos himni~. maSasadame, qristianuli himnic, msgavsad uZvelesi sakulto sagaloblebisa,<br />
RvTaebisadmi aRvlenil didebas gamoxatavda, magram droTa ganmavlobaSi<br />
sagaloblebma sxva funqciac SeiZina. man saeklesio moZRvrebis, misi dogmebis gavrcelebac<br />
ikisra. sagaloblebis saSualebiT qristianebi avrcelebdnen orTodoqsul<br />
moZRvrebas. amitomaa, rom bizantiuri himnografia asaxavs orTodoqsuli eklesiis<br />
dogmaturi ideebisa da doqtrinebis evoluciasac, mis polemikas sxvadasxva saxis<br />
mwvaleblobasTan. cnobilia, rom konstantinepolis quCebSi IV-V saukuneTa mijnaze<br />
ioane oqropiris mier Seqmnili gundebi galobdnen arianelTa seqtebis gundTa sawinaaRmdego<br />
teqstebs.<br />
Tu adre yovel qristians SeeZlo sajarod Seesrulebina Tavisi sakuTari sagalobeli,<br />
IV saukunidan mkacrad ganisazRvra sagalobelTa teqstebis Sinaarsi. bizantiuri<br />
himnografiis avtoritetuli mkvlevari e. veleSi wers: `warsuls bardeboda<br />
adreuli qristianobis pirveli dReebi, da maTTan erTad qreboda individualur religiur<br />
grZnobaTa gamoxatva~. IV saukunis bolos laodikiis saeklesio krebam akr-
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