iii_tomi.pdf

Zveli qarTuli poeziis saleqso formebi
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pavle ingoroyva
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom dRemde Zveli qarTuli leqsis, Zveli qarTuli wyobili-sityvis
istoria burusiT iyo moculi.
arc ise bevri xania mas Semdeg, rac fiqrobdnen, rom uZvelesi nimuSebi qarTuli
leqsisa Cven gvaqvs meTormete saukunidan.
rodesac n. marma 1902 wels moipova mokle 13-striqoniani leqsi filipesi, romelic
X saukunes ekuTvnis, es iTvleboda udides aRmoCenad da qarTuli wyobili-sityvis
istoriis qronologiuri farglebis did gafarToebad.
xolo amJamad, SeiZleba iTqvas, naTeli efineba qarTuli leqsis, qarTuli wyobili-sityvis
istorias. irkveva, rom qarTul leqss uZvelesi saTaveebi aqvs.
ukve SeiZleba gadaWriT iTqvas, gamovlinebuli masalebis safuZvelze, rom qarTul
leqss, yovel SemTxvevaSi, iseTive xangrZlivi istoria aqvs, rogorc qarTul prozas.
da es, rasakvirvelia, asec iyo mosalodneli (movigonoT Zveli berZnuli literaturis
magaliTi, sadac leqsi ufro adre damkvidrda mwerlobaSi, vidre prozis
literaturuli formebi gamomuSavdeboda).
amJamad Cven gvaqvs saSualeba aRvadginoT qarTuli leqsis, qarTuli wyobili-sityvis
istoria V saukunidan mokidebuli (ufro metic: folkloruli saxis leqsiTi
teqstebi, Setanili qarTul matianeebSi, V saukuneze adrindelia).
irkveva amasTan, rom qarTuli leqsi, qarTuli wyobili-sityva, qarTuli mwerlobis
am uZveles periodSi uaRresad mdidari da mravalsaxovani yofila.
xolo yvelaze mniSvnelovania is faqti, rom Zvel-qarTul literaturaSi arsebula
ara erTi saxis leqsTwyoba, rogorc amas dRemde fiqrobdnen, aramed sami saxis
leqsTwyoba, romlebic Tavisi wyobiT, metrul-ritmuli struqturiT, sxvadasxva sistemebs
warmogvidgenen.
es sami saxeoba qarTuli leqsisa, romelic miRebuli yofila Zvel-qarTul literaturaSi,
Semdegnia:
1. silaburi muxledovani leqsi (Zvel-qarTuli klasikuri leqsi);
2. silaburi ukveTeli leqsi (Zvel-qarTuli sagalobelTa `marcvledi~);
3. `wyobili sityua ricxuedi~ (anu mokle aRniSvniT `wyobili sityua~), Zvel-qar-
Tuli Tavisufali umarcvledo leqsi, Sinaarsobliv-taepobrivi ritmikiT (am ukanasknels
mesame saxeobas paraleli aqvs Zvel aRmosavlur leqsTwyobebSi).
Cven gvaqvs saSualeba gaviTvaliswinoT istoria Zveli qarTuli leqsis samive saxeobisa.
aRvniSnavT amasTan, rom aRmoCenilia saleqso sazomebis krebuli IX-X saukuneTa
(`Zlispirni~, Zvel-qarTuli WaSniki), sadac warmodgenilia da sistemaSia moyvanili
yvela sazomebi, romelic miRebuli iyo meore saxis leqsTwyobaSi, _ sagalobelTa
`marcvledi~.
aseTia suraTi, rac Cven winaSe iSleba axlad gamovlenili saliteraturo wyaroebis
safuZvelze, Zveli da axali masalebis axleburad ganxilvis Suqze.
Cven vxedavT da vrwmundebiT, rom Zveli qarTuli literatura aris maRali rangis
literatura, romelic, amave xanis berZnul-bizantiur literaturasTan erTad,
dgas saSualo saukuneebis evropuli msoflios literaturaTa pirvel rigSi.
gasagebia yovelive amis Semdeg, rom qarTuli literaturis ganviTareba saSualo
saukuneebSi dagvirgvinda iseTi diadi, msoflio mniSvnelobis literaturuli movleniT,
rogoric aris SoTa rusTavelis `vefxis-tyaosani~.
Zvel-qarTuli saleqso terminologia
vidre SevudgebodeT Zvel-qarTuli poeziis saleqso formebis ganxilvas, Cven aq
winaswar SevCerdebiT Zvel-qarTul saleqso terminologiaze.