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qarTuli mwerlobis saTaveebTan<br />
11<br />
griver farulava<br />
mexuTe-meaTe saukuneTa manZilze saqarTveloSi mxolod sasuliero xasiaTis literaturuli<br />
Zeglebi iqmneboda. arqiteqturul, ferwerul da musikalur qmnilebeb-<br />
Tan erTad isini warmarTobaze gamarjvebuli axali qristianuli kulturis sferos<br />
qmnian. ra esTetikur-mxatvruli kanonzomierebani moqmedeben am sferoSi, ragvar<br />
msoflxedvas emyareba es axali xelovneba da ras aZlevs igi sayuradRebos Semdgom<br />
saukuneebs, _ es sakiTxebi, bunebrivia, sityvierebis maswavleblis yuradRebis centrSic<br />
eqceva, rodesac igi Zveli qarTuli literaturis Zeglebs aswavlis. maTze pasuxis<br />
gaucemlad kargad ver gavigebT hagiografiul da himnografiul Txzulebebs<br />
(araa sakmarisi im periodis politikuri, ekonomikuri da socialuri buneba vicodeT<br />
marto). Cven vecdebiT, warmovaCinoT im epoqis mxatvruli literaturis safuZvlisdamdebi<br />
principebi.<br />
yvela drois literaturisa da xelovnebis arss qmnis is, Tu rogor warmoudgeniaT<br />
realurisa da idealuris, adamianurisa da RvTaebrivis urTierTdamokidebuleba.<br />
klasikuri antikurobis xanaSi idealuris, sulieris samkvidrod miwier-materialuri<br />
anu xorcieli arseboba miiCneoda. am epoqis xelovnebaSi suliereba srulad<br />
da harmoniulad erwymis xorcielebas, – lamaz sxeulSi lamazi sulia. raki ase fiqrobdnen,<br />
samyaro da adamiani harmoniul mTlianobad aRiqmeboda. zogadi, RvTaebrivi,<br />
idealuri udrida kerZos, adamianurs, realurs, oRond rafinirebuls, ganwmendils<br />
miwieri naklisagan. plastikuri xelovnebis enaze es ase gamoiTqmeboda: RvTaebriv<br />
srulqmnilebas moqandake ulamazesi mamakacisa Tu qalis sxeulis nakvTTa daxvewilobasa<br />
da proporciulobaSi Wvretda da gamoxatavda. aseTia fidiasis mier oqrosa<br />
da marmariloSi nakveTi saxe zevsisa, polikletis _ dorifori, praqsitelis afrodite<br />
Tu kunZul milosze napovni qandakeba venerasi. yvela am qmnilebaSi gmiris Sinagani<br />
anu sulieri raoba ganuyofel erTianobaSia garegnul silamazesTan da am silamaziTve<br />
amoiwureba. am kanonzomierebis Sesabamisadve, antikur literaturaSi gmiri<br />
ori TvalsazrisiT ar Sefasdeba; sazogadoebrivi da piraduli adamianis saxeSi<br />
uSualod emTxveva erTmaneTs, ganusxvavebelia. sayovelTao normasTan, sazogadoebisagan<br />
ganCinebul idealTan kerZo anu piraduli interesis morigebis, gamTlianebis<br />
sakiTxi aq ar dgas. aseT interess seriozuli fasi da mniSvneloba ar eniWeba.<br />
misdakvalad, pirovnuli swrafva antikuri gmiris saxeSi idealur normas ar SeiZleba<br />
daupirispirdes. homerosis, esqiles Tu sofokles personaJebi (aqilevsi,<br />
odisevsi, promeTe, oidiposi) Sinaganad mTliani, gaubzaravi gmirebi arian. maTi<br />
Zliereba gare movlenebTan dapirispirebaSi (bediswera, bunebis stiqioni, brZolis<br />
veli) vlindeba da ara imaSi, Tu rogor dauqvemdebaron individualuri interesi<br />
sayovelTao normas. yovelive sapirado Tavidanve emTxveva, ganurCevelia sazogadosagan.<br />
maTi gamTlianeba-harmonizaciis sakiTxi arc dgas. amgvarad, Zveli berZnuli<br />
azrovneba kacobriobis lamazsa da normalur bavSvobas gamoxatavda.<br />
es gulubryvilo harmonia daarRvia qristianobam; samyaro `am qveynad~ da `im qveynad~,<br />
sinamdviled da idealad gaTiSa. gacnobierebul iqna, rom winaaRmdegoba arsebobs<br />
adamianis SigniT, sinamdvilis SigniT. `azri, romelmac Tavdayira daayena antikurobis<br />
logika, imaSi mdgomareobda, rom mona aris adamiani, xolo Sesabamisad, adamiani<br />
aris mona RvTisa~ (g. gaCevi). materialuri da socialuri mdgomareoba ki ar<br />
gamoxatavs Cvens faseulobas (`mona adamiania~), aramed morCileba sulier-zneobrivi<br />
principebisa, RvTaebriobis ganmsaxierebeli CvenSi (`adamiani aris mona RvTisa~). adamiani<br />
Tavisi sindisis morCilia; mravali batonis nacvlad, _ erTi ufali, romlis<br />
winaSe yvela Tanasworia. damkvidrda axali gageba adamianisa da RmerTisa rogorc<br />
usasrulobaTa (mikrokosmosi da makrokosmosi). antikuri xanis berZnisaTvis gaugebaria<br />
qristes Tavgadasavlis arsi: `jvars acves glaxaki CamofleTili da mere uc-
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