saqarTvelo da regionaluri an umciresobaTa ... - ECMI Caucasus
saqarTvelo da regionaluri an umciresobaTa ... - ECMI Caucasus saqarTvelo da regionaluri an umciresobaTa ... - ECMI Caucasus
saqarTvelo da regionaluri an umciresobaTa enebis evropuli qartia jonatan uiTli ECMI-is samuSao moxseneba # 42 ivnisi, 2009 w. umciresobaTa sakiTxebis evropuli centri (ECMI) ECMI saTavo ofisi: Sifbriuke 12 (kompagnietor) D-24939 flensburgi, germania tel: +49-(0) 461-14 14 9-0 faqsi +49-(0) 461-14 14 9-19 vebgverdi: http://www.ecmi.de
- Page 2 and 3: ECMI-is samuSao moxseneba # 42 umci
- Page 4 and 5: I. Sesavali saqarTvelo mravalenovan
- Page 6 and 7: adreul 2000-ian wlebSi saxelmwifos
- Page 8 and 9: moxsenebis meore nawilSi ganxiluli
- Page 10 and 11: omis Semdgom, daaxloebiT 1920 wlisa
- Page 12 and 13: kavkasiuri bacburi naxuri, CrdiloaR
- Page 14 and 15: adgilobrivi ena, romelzec saubrobda
- Page 16 and 17: done da is, Tu ramdenad “dialeqti
- Page 18 and 19: 2. dacvis saWiroeba CamoTvlili eneb
- Page 20 and 21: erTi SexedviT, megruls da svanurs a
- Page 22 and 23: qarTvelis, rogorc eTnikurad eqskluz
- Page 24 and 25: ararsebobis gamo es Temebi TavianTi
- Page 26 and 27: sakuTari instrumentis Sesabamisad,
- Page 28 and 29: cxovrebaSi danergvis uzrunvelyofisk
- Page 30 and 31: 1. ganaTleba qartiis muxlSi 8.1, ke
- Page 32 and 33: ac Seexeba muxlis 8 sxva punqtebs,
- Page 34 and 35: saqarTvelos SemTxevaSi muxlSi 9 moc
- Page 36 and 37: warmomadgenlobiT da aRmasrulebel or
- Page 38 and 39: 4. mediis saSualebebi saqarTvelos x
- Page 40 and 41: sWirdeba regionalur an umciresobaTa
- Page 42 and 43: finansuri mxardaWera naklebad savar
- Page 44 and 45: teritoriebze, sadac es enebi farTod
- Page 46 and 47: evr qveyanaSi, romlebmac ukve moaxd
- Page 48 and 49: ) "teritoria, romelzedac gamoiyeneb
- Page 50 and 51: gamoricxva, SezRudva an upiratesobi
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis evropuli qartia<br />
jonat<strong>an</strong> uiTli<br />
<strong>ECMI</strong>-is samuSao moxseneba # 42<br />
ivnisi, 2009 w.<br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> sakiTxebis evropuli centri (<strong>ECMI</strong>)<br />
<strong>ECMI</strong> saTavo ofisi: Sifbriuke 12 (kompagnietor) D-24939 flensburgi, germ<strong>an</strong>ia<br />
tel: +49-(0) 461-14 14 9-0 faqsi +49-(0) 461-14 14 9-19 vebgverdi: http://www.ecmi.de
<strong>ECMI</strong>-is samuSao moxseneba # 42<br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> sakiTxebis evropuli centri (<strong>ECMI</strong>)<br />
saavtoro uflebebi 2009 wlisTvis ekuTvnis <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> sakiTxbis<br />
evropul centrs (<strong>ECMI</strong>)<br />
gamoqveynebulia 2009 wlis ivnisSi <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> sakiTxebis evropuli<br />
centris mier (<strong>ECMI</strong>)<br />
ISSN: 1435-9812<br />
2
sarCevi<br />
I. Sesavali..........................................................................................................................................................4<br />
II. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si enobrivi mravalferovnebis SenarCuneba......................8<br />
1. nawilis II-is gamoyenebis moculoba....................................................................................8<br />
2. <strong>da</strong>cvis saWiroeba....................................................................................................................................18<br />
3. <strong>da</strong>cva <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartiis<br />
nawili II-is Sesabamisad...................................................................................................................20<br />
III. enobrivi uflebebi <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo integracia..........................................24<br />
1. g<strong>an</strong>aTleba.......................................................................................................................................................30<br />
2. marTlmsajulebis sistema.................................................................................................................33<br />
3. saxelmwifo xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebi............................................................................35<br />
4. mediis saSualebebi..............................................................................................................................38<br />
5. kultura..........................................................................................................................................................41<br />
6. ekonomikuri saqmi<strong>an</strong>obebi...............................................................................................................43<br />
7. sazRvarTSorisi gacvla................................................................................................................44<br />
8. nawili III-is gamoyenebis Sejameba.......................................................................................44<br />
IV. <strong>da</strong>skvna.........................................................................................................................................................45<br />
<strong>da</strong>narTi 1:<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartia..................................47<br />
3
I. Sesavali<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong> mravalenov<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> mravaleTnikur sazogadoebas<br />
warmoadgens. mraval <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze saubroben <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si, maT<br />
Sorisa: afxazuri, osuri, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli, somxuri, rusuli, ukrainuli,<br />
kurm<strong>an</strong>ji (qurTuli), CeCnuri (qisturi), otom<strong>an</strong>uri Turquli, pontiuri<br />
berZnuli, siriuli, avaruli, wova-TuSuri <strong>da</strong> udinuri. amis gar<strong>da</strong>,<br />
qarTuli mosaxleobis umetesoba saubrobs oTx g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebul enaze –<br />
qarTuli, megruli, sv<strong>an</strong>uri <strong>da</strong> lazuri – Tumca isini ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d<br />
adgilobriv enebs warmoadgenen <strong>da</strong> ar gamoiyeneba weriTi formiT.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s konstituciis me-8 muxlis T<strong>an</strong>axmad, oficialuri saxelmwifo<br />
ena aris qarTuli, afxazeTSi aseve afxazuri. <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis umetesi<br />
nawili gamoiyeneba mxolod qveynis calkeul regionebSi.<br />
1999 wlis aprilSi, evropis sabWoSi gawevri<strong>an</strong>ebisas, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m<br />
valdebuleba aiRo, xeli moewera <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis<br />
evropul qartiaze <strong>da</strong> misi ratificireba moexdina gawevri<strong>an</strong>ebi<strong>da</strong>n erTi<br />
wlis g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi. Tumca evropis saWoSi gawevri<strong>an</strong>ebi<strong>da</strong>n aTi wlis Semdeg,<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s arc qartiaze mouweria xeli <strong>da</strong> arc misi ratificireba<br />
mouxdenia.<br />
am sakiTxis <strong>da</strong>yovnebis ramodenime mizezi arsebobs. erT-erTi maTg<strong>an</strong>i<br />
aris is, rom prezident eduard SevardnaZis mmarTvelobis bolo periodSi,<br />
romelic sabolood 2003 wlis noemberSi vardebis revoluciiT <strong>da</strong>mTavr<strong>da</strong>,<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong> nel-nela kargav<strong>da</strong> stimuls, ufro sruli integracia moexdina<br />
evropul struqturebT<strong>an</strong>. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s gawevri<strong>an</strong>ebas evropis sabWoSi 1999<br />
wels xelmZRv<strong>an</strong>elob<strong>da</strong> <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s parlamentis Tavmjdomare zurab<br />
Jv<strong>an</strong>ia, romelic evropul struqturebT<strong>an</strong> integraciis mxar<strong>da</strong>mWeri iyo.<br />
Tumca 2001 wlis bolosaTvis, Jv<strong>an</strong>ia <strong>da</strong> misi momxreebi warmoadgendnen<br />
opozicias <strong>da</strong> eduard SevardnaZis ukiduresad izolirebuli<br />
mTavrobisaTvis evropis sabWoSi srulyofili monawileoba ar iyo<br />
prioriteti. vardebis revoluciis Semdeg, pro-evropuli politikuri<br />
4
orientacia aRdgenil iqna <strong>da</strong> 2005 wlis bolos parlamentma erovnul<br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> <strong>da</strong>cvis CarCo-konvenciis ratificireba moaxdina. am<br />
mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>i nabijis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s mTavroba ar gamoxatavs<br />
mondomebas moaxdinos enebis qartiis ratifikacia.<br />
Seyovnebis erT-erTi mizezi aris qarTulenov<strong>an</strong>i mosaxleobis<br />
umravlesobaSi gavrcelebuli sazogadoebrivi azri, romelsac mxars uWers<br />
parlamentarebis <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo moxeleebis didi nawili. ena Zali<strong>an</strong><br />
politizirebuli sakiTxia <strong>da</strong> qarTul enas miniWebuli aqvs TiTqmis wmin<strong>da</strong><br />
statusi, rogorc qarTuli eris arsebobis wyaros. enis centralurma<br />
poziciam eTno-nacionalur politikur SexedulebaSi apogeas miaRwia 1980-<br />
i<strong>an</strong>i wlebis bolos <strong>da</strong> 1990-i<strong>an</strong>i wlebis <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
<strong>da</strong>moukideblobisTvis brZolis periodSi, Tumca igi dResac aqtualuria.<br />
amavdroulad, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyeneba g<strong>an</strong>isazRvreba<br />
qarTuli umravlesobis mier rogorc Secdoma, romelic saWiroebs<br />
Sesworebas. amas agreTve emateba is azri, rom erovnuli umciresobebi<br />
warmoadgenen Tavisebur “mesame kolonas”, romelTa erTguleba<br />
saxelmwifos mimarT arasdros ar aris gar<strong>an</strong>tirebuli. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
mosaxleobis umravlesobisTvis filosofiur gamowvevas warmoadgens imis<br />
gaTviTcnobiereba, rom <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi warmoadgenen qveynisTvis<br />
kulturuli simdidris wyaros.<br />
Tumca, es ideologiuri midgoma ar aris erTaderTi mizezi imisa, rom<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m dRemde ar moawera xeli enebis qartias. agreTve arsebobs<br />
sakmaod praqtikuli sakiTxi, SeiZleba Tu ara, erTi mxriv, integraciis<br />
miznebis <strong>da</strong>, meore mxriv, <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis waxalisebis, SeT<strong>an</strong>xmeba.<br />
erTi<strong>an</strong>i sazogadoebis, <strong>an</strong>u demosis, romelic efuZneba cnebas “Cven, eri”,<br />
Seqmnis sakiTxSi <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s ZiriTad problemas warmoadgens erTi<strong>an</strong>i enis<br />
ararseboba, romelzec mTeli eri isaubrebs. es sakiTxi<br />
problematuriaATiTqmis yvela yofili sabWoTa kavSiris respublikisaTvis.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si es problema g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebuli simwvaviT <strong>da</strong>dga 1990-i<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
5
adreul 2000-i<strong>an</strong> wlebSi saxelmwifos sisustis gamo, rasac <strong>da</strong>emata<br />
geografiulad izolirebuli araqarTulenov<strong>an</strong>i mosaxleobis qveynis<br />
samoqalaqo cxovrebaSi integraciis warumatebeli mcdelobebi. 2002 wlis<br />
mosaxlebis saerTo aRweriTi monacemebis T<strong>an</strong>axmad, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s erovnuli<br />
umciresobebis mxolod 31%-i Tavisuflad flobs qarTul enas; 1979 wels<br />
es maCvenebeli 19,5% Seadgen<strong>da</strong> 1 . procentuli zr<strong>da</strong> Zali<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>balia,<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom erovnuli umciresobebis mravalma<br />
warmomadgenelma <strong>da</strong>tova qvey<strong>an</strong>a <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis miRebis Semdeg <strong>da</strong><br />
logikuria <strong>da</strong>vaskvnaT, rom isini vinc cu<strong>da</strong>d flobdnen <strong>an</strong> saerTod ar<br />
flob<strong>da</strong> qarTul enas, eqnebo<strong>da</strong>T wasvlis yvelaze didi mizezi. amitom,<br />
SesaZlebelia, rom es <strong>da</strong>bali zr<strong>da</strong>c ki (19,5%-<strong>da</strong>n 31%-mde) aris ufro<br />
imigraciis Sedegi, vidre saxelmwifo enis gaumjobesebuli codnis<br />
maCvenebeli. Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT, rom TiTqmis yvela beWdviTi masala<br />
<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo dokumenti qveyndeba qarTul enaze, bevr TemSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
umciresobebis enebze molaparake mosaxleobaa koncentrirebuli, romlebic<br />
cu<strong>da</strong>d flobs <strong>an</strong> saerTod ar flobs qarTul enas, imyofebi<strong>an</strong> informaciul<br />
vakuumSi <strong>da</strong> mciredi warmodgena aqvT qvey<strong>an</strong>aSi mimdinare movlenebze. es<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT miesa<strong>da</strong>geba qvemo qarTlsa <strong>da</strong> samcxe-javaxeTSi mcxovreb<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur Temebs, sa<strong>da</strong>c <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparake<br />
sazogadoebasTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTiabeli iyo sakuTari Tavis azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong><br />
somxur, <strong>da</strong> ara qarTul kulturul sivrcesT<strong>an</strong> mimxrobis tendencia.<br />
samoqalaqo integraciis problemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta mdgomareobs<br />
WeSmaritad mravalenov<strong>an</strong>i sazogadoebis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebaSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c instituciur<br />
doneze arsebobs orenovnebis (bilingualizmis) waxalisebis tendencia <strong>da</strong><br />
ar aqvs adgili izolacionizmis <strong>da</strong> sazogado sfero<strong>da</strong>n <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis aRmofxvras. <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparake mosaxleobisTvis<br />
saWiroa motivaciis Seqmna, g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT axalgazr<strong>da</strong> TaobisTvis, raTa<br />
1 wyaroebi: <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s statistikis saxelmwifo departamenti, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s mosaxleobis 2002 wlis<br />
pirveli erovnuli sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi; <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s ssr-is centraluri statistikuri<br />
uwyeba, sabWoTa kavSiris mosaxleobis aRweris Sedegebi 1979 wlisTvis <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s respublikaSi<br />
(Tbilisi, 1980 w.).<br />
6
maT survili hqondeT iswavlon qarTuli ena <strong>da</strong> am gziT integrireba<br />
moaxdinon qveynis socialur, ekonomikur <strong>da</strong> politikur cxovrebaSi.<br />
amavdroulad, saWiroa <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparake mosaxleobis<br />
<strong>da</strong>rwmuneba, rom saxelmwifo namdvilad afasebs maT enebs <strong>da</strong> kulturas <strong>da</strong><br />
ar aqvs “faruli gegma”, moaxdinos maTi asimilacia.<br />
MTumca, erTis mxriv, qarTuli sazogadoeba xasiaTdeba samoqalaqo<br />
integraciis sferoSi gamocdilebis ar qoniT <strong>da</strong> didi enobrivi Temebis<br />
metnaklebad g<strong>an</strong>calkevebuli g<strong>an</strong>viTarebiT – rogoricaa qarTvelebi,<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>elebi qvemo qarTlSi <strong>da</strong> somxebi samcxe-javaxeTSi, ufro patara<br />
enobriv jgufebs naklebi saSualeba hqon<strong>da</strong>T sakuTari kulturuli<br />
TviTmyofadobis Ses<strong>an</strong>arCuneblad <strong>da</strong> SeiZleba asimilacia maT xelsayrel<br />
piroba<strong>da</strong>c ki CaeTvalaT - es yvelaze metad miesa<strong>da</strong>geba Zalze<br />
mcirericxov<strong>an</strong> enobriv Temebs, rogoricaa, magaliTad, udinebi, wova-TuSebi,<br />
avarebi <strong>da</strong> asirielebi, romlebsac naklebad gaaCniaT SesaZlebloba miscen<br />
sakuTar Svilebs g<strong>an</strong>aTleba mSobliur enaze. am umciresobebs, somxebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>elebisg<strong>an</strong> g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebiT, ar aqvT monaTesave saxelmwifo, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
gaaJRereben Tavis problemas, <strong>da</strong> praqtikulad ar gaaCniaT sakuTari enis<br />
SenarCunebis saSualeba. amitom saWiroa <strong>da</strong>uyoneblivi <strong>da</strong> aqtiuri zomebis<br />
miReba, am enebis ga<strong>da</strong>sarCenad. <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis<br />
evropuli qartiis meore nawilSi aRwerilia meq<strong>an</strong>izmi, romelic am miznis<br />
miRwevas SesaZlebels xdis.<br />
winamdebare moxseneba gayofilia or nawilad. pirvelSi me g<strong>an</strong>vixilav<br />
im <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis SenarCunebis sakiTxs, romlebsac<br />
gaqroba emuqreba. es exeba ara marto zemoTCamoTvlil <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs,<br />
aramed sam regionalur qarTul enasac – megrul, sv<strong>an</strong>ur <strong>da</strong> lazur enebs,<br />
rac politikurad sakamaToa, radg<strong>an</strong> maTi aRiareba g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebul enebad<br />
SeiZleba interpretirebul iqnas, rogorc muqara qarTuli eris erTi<strong>an</strong>obis<br />
mimarT. am moxsenebis pirvel nawilSi g<strong>an</strong>xiluli iqneba am enebis <strong>da</strong>cva<br />
enebrovi qartiis meore nawilSi aRwerili meq<strong>an</strong>izmebis gamoyenebiT.<br />
7
moxsenebis meore nawilSi g<strong>an</strong>xiluli iqneba is enebi, romlebzec<br />
saubroben didi, teritoriulad kompaqturi erovnuli umciresobebi,<br />
kerZod, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>elebi <strong>da</strong> somxebi. saWiroa am enebis mxar<strong>da</strong>WerisTvis im<br />
regionebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c isini farTod gamoiyeneba, konkretuli zomebis miReba.<br />
problema isaa, rom saWiroa maTi sazogado cxovrebaSi gamoyenebis iseTi<br />
xelSewyoba, rom zi<strong>an</strong>i ar miadges qarTuli enis saxelmwifo statuss <strong>an</strong><br />
xeli ar SeeSalos azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri umciresobebis integracias<br />
qarTul sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi. amisTvis saWiroa g<strong>an</strong>vixiloT, Tu<br />
rogor SeiZleba enobrivi qartiis mesame nawilis debulebebis gamoyeneba am<br />
enebis mimarT.<br />
II. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si enobrivi mravalferovnebis SenarCuneba<br />
enobrivi qartiis ZiriTadi konceptualuri principi albaT aris<br />
“<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis aRiareba kulturuli simdidris<br />
gamoxatulebad” (muxli 7.1a). am principi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, SeiZleba<br />
<strong>da</strong>vaskvnaT, rom <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis <strong>da</strong>kargva qveynis<br />
kulturuli simdidrisTvis <strong>da</strong>nakargia. aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, enobrivi<br />
mravalferovneba g<strong>an</strong>ixileba, rogorc faseuloba, romelic <strong>da</strong>cvas<br />
saWiroebs. moxsenebis am nawilis miz<strong>an</strong>ia <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s enobrivi<br />
mravalferovnebis g<strong>an</strong>xilva, Tavi<strong>da</strong>n imis g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrebiT, Tu ra<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi arsebobs <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisad,<br />
qartiis nawili II–is gamoyenebis moculobis g<strong>an</strong>sazRvra; Semdeg am enebis<br />
winaSe aresebuli safrTxeebis Seswavla <strong>da</strong> bolos, imis g<strong>an</strong>xilva, Tu<br />
rogor SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas nawili II am enebT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi <strong>da</strong> ra<br />
meq<strong>an</strong>izmebi arsebobs maTi <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTarebisTvis.<br />
1. nawili II-is gamoyenebis moculoba<br />
J<strong>an</strong>-mari vurlingis T<strong>an</strong>axmad, enobrivi qartiis meore nawili (<strong>an</strong>u muxli 7)<br />
gulisxmobs mis gamoyenebas yvela regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enis<br />
8
mimarT. 2 magram, es varaudi, Tavis mxriv, iwvevs kiTxvas, Tu ras warmoadgens<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena. aq sayuradRebo muxls warmoadgens<br />
muxli 1a, romelSic naTqvamia:<br />
am qartiis miznebisTvis:<br />
a. “<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi” aris is enebi, romlebic:<br />
i. tradiciulad gamoiyeneba saxelmwifos garkveul teritoriaze misi<br />
moqalaqeebis mier, romlebic Seadgenen saxelmwifos <strong>da</strong>narCen mosaxleobaze<br />
ricxobrivad ufro patara jgufs; <strong>da</strong><br />
ii. g<strong>an</strong>sxvavdeba saxelmwifos oficialur enis/enebisg<strong>an</strong>;<br />
amaSi ar Sedis saxelmwifos oficialuri enis/enebis dialeqtebi <strong>an</strong><br />
migr<strong>an</strong>tTa enebi.<br />
cxrilSi 1 (ix. qvemoT) mocemulia <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si arsebuli <strong>da</strong><br />
aRiarebuli yvela enis CamonaTvali, maT Sorisaa enebi, romlebic yvelaze<br />
metad akmayofileben enobrivi qartiis muxlSi 1a Camoyalibebul<br />
kriteriumebs, <strong>da</strong> agreTve enebi, romlebic ar Seesabameba maT cxramet enas.<br />
sinamdvileSi Seesabameba muxlSi 1-Si CamoTvlil kriteriumebs: afxzuri,<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli, somxuri, rusuli, osuri, kurm<strong>an</strong>ji, ukrainuli, CeCnuri,<br />
urum Turquli, ponturi berZnuli, asiriuli neo-aramauli, boht<strong>an</strong>uri neo-<br />
arameuli, avaruli <strong>da</strong> bacburi. momdevno cxra ena – germ<strong>an</strong>uli, polonuri,<br />
boSuri, moldovuri, estonuri, latvuri, litvuri, Cexuri <strong>da</strong> bulgaruli.<br />
udinuri ena SesZloa CaiTvalos sasazRvro SemTxvevad. Udinuri,<br />
romelzec saubroben <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s yvarlis raionis sofel oqtomberSi,<br />
mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>cvas saWiroebs <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisi zomebis gatarebis gareSe,<br />
SesaZloa mkv<strong>da</strong>r enad iqces. sinamdvileSi, am enaze mxolod sam sofelSi<br />
saubroben (erT - qarTul zemoTxsenebul sofelSi <strong>da</strong> or - azerbaij<strong>an</strong>Si<br />
mdebare sofelSi). Tumca <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si arsebuli udinuri ena ar SeiZleba<br />
miCneul iqnes tradiciul enad, radg<strong>an</strong> es ena Semot<strong>an</strong>il iqna migr<strong>an</strong>tebis<br />
mier azerbaij<strong>an</strong>i<strong>da</strong>n, romlebic gadmosaxldnen <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si I msoflio<br />
2 J<strong>an</strong>-mari vurlingi, <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartia: kritikuli komentari<br />
(strasburgi: evrosabWos gamomcemloba, 2005 w.).<br />
9
omis Semdgom, <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 1920 wlisaTvis. aqve un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom<br />
Sefasebis praqtikis mixedviT, magaliTisaTvis: makedoniuri ena serbeTSi <strong>da</strong><br />
Cexuri slovakeTSi, enobrivi qartiis eqspertTa komitetma, I msoflio omis<br />
<strong>da</strong>srulebis Semdgom gavrcelebuli enebi, regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebad miiCnia. Sesabimasad, udinuri ena ar eqvemdebare <strong>regionaluri</strong><br />
qartiiT <strong>da</strong>cvas. dRev<strong>an</strong>delobis gaTvaliswinebiT, igi SeiZleba ramodenime<br />
weliwadSi qartiis <strong>da</strong>cvis qveS moeqces.<br />
<strong>da</strong>narCeni oTxi ena – latviuri, Cexuri, boSuri <strong>da</strong> moldovuri,<br />
savaraudod ar akmayofilebs kriteriums, vinai<strong>da</strong>n warmoadgenen migr<strong>an</strong>tTa<br />
mier Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT axlax<strong>an</strong>s gavrcelebul enebs, <strong>an</strong>u umetswilad sabWoTa<br />
periodSi. idiSuri, romelzec saubrobs ebraelTa mosaxleobis mcire<br />
nawili <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si, aseve sul axlax<strong>an</strong>s iqna wamoweuli wina pl<strong>an</strong>ze,<br />
rogorc ebrauli ploretariatis ena <strong>da</strong> aqe<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, ver<br />
akmayofilebs kriteriums.<br />
cxrili 1: <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si<br />
ena enobrivi ojaxi saubroben mosaxleobis<br />
ricxvi,<br />
romelic<br />
mSobliur<br />
enad<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
qvejgufi,<br />
Turquli<br />
somxuri Trakiuli<br />
qvejgufi, indoevropuli<br />
miiCnevs 3<br />
adgilmdebareoba<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>elebi 283,632 marneulis, bolnisis,<br />
dm<strong>an</strong>isis raionebi<br />
(mosaxleobis 50%-ze<br />
meti). agreTve<br />
gar<strong>da</strong>bnis, sagarejos,<br />
lagodexis <strong>da</strong><br />
Telavis raionebi<br />
(10%-ze meti).<br />
somxebi 235,653 axalqalaqis <strong>da</strong><br />
ninowmindis raionebi<br />
(90%-ze meti), walkis<br />
3 monacemebSi ar Sedis afxazeTisa <strong>da</strong> samxreT oseTis regionebSi mcxovrebi mosaxleoba, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s saxelmwifos ver axorcielebs mmarTvelobas <strong>da</strong> sa<strong>da</strong>c ar arsebobs mosaxleobis<br />
aRweris uaxlesi monacemebi. wyaroebi: (azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli, somxuri, ukrainuli <strong>da</strong> rusuli enebisTvis)<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s statistikis saxelmwipo departamenti, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s mosaxleobis 2002 wlis pireveli<br />
erovnuli sayovelTao aRweris Sedegebi (Tbilisi: 2003 w.); (sxvebisTvis) miaxlovebuli monacemebi,<br />
miRebuli <strong>ECMI</strong>-is Sefasebebi<strong>da</strong>n 2006-2009 wlebisTvis.<br />
10
afxazuri Crdilo<strong>da</strong>savlur<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
rusuli slavuri<br />
qvejgufi, indoevropuli<br />
osuri ir<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
qvejgufi, indo-<br />
evropuli<br />
kurm<strong>an</strong>ji ir<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
qvejgufi, indo-<br />
evropuli<br />
ukrainuli slavuri<br />
qvejgufi,<br />
evropuliindo-<br />
CeCnuri<br />
naxuri qvejgufi,<br />
(qisturi) kavkasiuri<br />
idiSi germ<strong>an</strong>uli,<br />
indo-evropuli<br />
germ<strong>an</strong>uli germ<strong>an</strong>uli,<br />
indo-evropuli<br />
polonuri <strong>da</strong>savlur<br />
slavuri, indoevropuli<br />
boSuri indo-ir<strong>an</strong>uli,<br />
indo-evropuli<br />
11<br />
raioni (50%-ze meti).<br />
agreTve axalcixis <strong>da</strong><br />
aspinZis raionebi<br />
(10%-ze meti). didi<br />
ricxvia agreTve<br />
TbilisSi.<br />
afxazebi <strong>da</strong>ax. 3,500 aWara, Tbilisi,<br />
rusTavi<br />
rusebi, zogierTi<br />
sxva<br />
umciresobac,<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sakuTr.,<br />
Tbiliseli<br />
somxebi <strong>da</strong> osebi<br />
83,007 yvela mTavari<br />
qalaqis centri,<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT<br />
Tbilisi; zogierTi<br />
soflis regionebi,<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT<br />
kaxeTsa <strong>da</strong><br />
ninowmindis<br />
raionebSi<br />
osebi 31,381 kaxeTi, Si<strong>da</strong> qarTli,<br />
mcxeTa-mTiuleTi<br />
qurTebi/iezidebi <strong>da</strong>ax. 10,000 Tbilisi, Telavi,<br />
sxva urb<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
teritoriebi<br />
ukrainelebi 5,466 mTavari<br />
centrebi,<br />
qalaqebis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT baTumi<br />
qistebi <strong>da</strong>ax. 7,000 axmetis<br />
Tbilisi<br />
raioni,<br />
ebraelebi
kavkasiuri<br />
bacburi naxuri, CrdiloaRmosavluri<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
udinuri lekuri,<br />
CrdiloaRmosavluri<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
moldovuri romaulgerm<strong>an</strong>uli,<br />
indo-evropuli<br />
estonuri balto-finuri,<br />
uraluri<br />
latviuri baltiuri, indoevropuli<br />
Litvuri baltiuri, indo-<br />
evropuli<br />
Cexuri <strong>da</strong>savlurslavuri,indo-<br />
evropuli<br />
bulgaruli samxreTslavuri,indo-<br />
evropuli<br />
lekuri lekuri,<br />
CrdiloaRmosavluri<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
megruli qarTveluri,<br />
samxreT<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
sv<strong>an</strong>uri qarTveluri,<br />
samxreT<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
lazuri qarTveluri,<br />
samxreT<br />
kavkasiuri<br />
wova-TuSebi
<strong>da</strong>axloebiT 40,0000-<strong>da</strong>n 50,0000-mde megrul enaze molaparake a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>i<br />
cxovrobs, rac Seadgens qveynis mTli<strong>an</strong>i mosaxleobis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 10%-s 4 .<br />
lazuri ena gasagebia imaTTvis, vinc saubrobs megrulad <strong>da</strong> piriqiT.<br />
lazuri enis mflobelebis umravlesoba cxovrobs dRev<strong>an</strong>del TurqeTSi<br />
(sa<strong>da</strong>c es ena cnobilia, rogorc lazuriuli), Tumca qarTul sasazRvro<br />
sofel sarfSi, <strong>da</strong> agreTve, axlomdebare kvariaTis <strong>da</strong> gonios soflebSi<br />
cxovrobs lazurad molaparake ramodenime aseuli a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>i. sv<strong>an</strong>ur enaze<br />
molaparake mosaxleoba koncentrirebulia Crdilo-<strong>da</strong>savleT<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si, sv<strong>an</strong>eTis mTi<strong>an</strong> regionSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c 20,000-ze meti macxovrebeli<br />
cxovrobs.<br />
megruli, sv<strong>an</strong>uri <strong>da</strong> lazuri enebi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d sasaubro enebia, Tumca<br />
ramodenime folkloruli teqsti, rogoricaa, magaliTad, SoTa rusTavelis<br />
epikuri poema “vefxistyaos<strong>an</strong>i”, ga<strong>da</strong>iTargmna megrul enaze qarTuli <strong>an</strong>b<strong>an</strong>is<br />
gamoyenebiT. qarTvel enaTmecnierTa Soris arsebobs tendencia, g<strong>an</strong>ixilon<br />
es enebi, rogorc dialeqtebi <strong>da</strong> ara calke enebi. megruli, sv<strong>an</strong>uri <strong>da</strong><br />
lazuri enebis aRiarebaze uaris Tqmas aqvs Zlieri politikuri motivi,<br />
romelic efuZneba im azrs, rom aseTi nabiji safrTxes uqmnis qarTvelebis,<br />
rogorc mTli<strong>an</strong>i eris, erTi<strong>an</strong>obas. aq g<strong>an</strong>sxvaveba dialeqtsa <strong>da</strong> enas Soris<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvetia, vinai<strong>da</strong>n enebi eqvemdebarebi<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>cvas enobrivi <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> evropuli qartiis meore nawilis mixedviT, maSin roca<br />
saxelmwifo enis/enebis dialeqtebi amas ar eqvemdebarebi<strong>an</strong>.<br />
am sakiTxis politikuri mgrZnobiarobis axsna SeiZleba qarTvelebis<br />
umetesobis gonebaSi arsebuli asociaciiT “ersa” <strong>da</strong> “enas” Soris, <strong>da</strong><br />
agreTve imiT, Tu rogor eqceodnen megrul identurobas uaxloes<br />
istoriaSi. Sua saukuneebi<strong>da</strong>n moyolebuli me-19 saukunis <strong>da</strong>sawyisamde,<br />
roca <strong>saqarTvelo</strong> ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi Sevi<strong>da</strong>, megruli iyo<br />
4 ix. lorens broersi, “vin ari<strong>an</strong> megrelebi? ena, identuroba <strong>da</strong> politika <strong>da</strong>savleT <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si”<br />
(moxseneba erTa Seswavlebis asociaciis meeqvse wliuri konvenciisTvis, 2001 w.)<br />
http://www.bonetweb.com/caucasus/KV/OECAUC/mingreli<strong>an</strong>s.pdf<br />
13
adgilobrivi ena, romelzec saubrob<strong>da</strong> samegrelos <strong>da</strong> nawilobriv<br />
dRev<strong>an</strong>deli afxazeTis TiTqmis mTeli mosaxleoba. mxolod sasuliero<br />
elitis mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>i kasta am regionebSi iyeneb<strong>da</strong> qarTuls, rogorc<br />
literaturul enas. me-19 saukunis meore naxevarSi rusma eTnografebma<br />
<strong>da</strong>iwyes megrelebis calke eTnikur jgufad klasifikacia, <strong>da</strong>narCen qarTul<br />
sazogadoebasT<strong>an</strong> arsebuli enobrivi g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebebis safuZvelze, ramac<br />
Zlieri protesti gamoiwvia qarTul inteligenciaSi. es kamaTi gagrZel<strong>da</strong><br />
sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>arsebis Semdegac. mosaxleobis sruliad sakavSiro<br />
aRweraSi, romelic Catar<strong>da</strong> 1926 wels, megrelebi, sv<strong>an</strong>ebi, lazebi <strong>da</strong><br />
aWarlebi iyvnen klasificirebuli, rogorc calke erovnebebi (народности),<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebuli qarTvelebisg<strong>an</strong>. amave dros (rac grZeldebo<strong>da</strong> 1930-i<strong>an</strong> ww-<br />
mde) gamodio<strong>da</strong> presa megrul enaze, adgilobriv mosaxleobaSi komunisturi<br />
partiis ideologiis gavrcelebis mizniT. Tumca, 1939 wels mosaxleobis<br />
xelaxali aRwerisas megrelebis klasifikacia mox<strong>da</strong> iseve, rogorc<br />
qarTvelebisa, <strong>da</strong> megruli presa gauqm<strong>da</strong>. 5<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom megrelebis calke erovnebad kvalifikaciis<br />
mcdelobaze uari iTqva, qarTul inteligenciaSi <strong>da</strong>rCa STabeWdileba, rom<br />
moskovi awyobs SeTqmulebas qarTveli eris “gayofasa <strong>da</strong> batonobaze”.<br />
megruli sakiTxis irgvliv arsebuli polemika kvlav wamoiWra <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
mier <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg. afxazeTSi omis Semdeg, romlis<br />
Sedegad afxazeTma moipova de-faqto <strong>da</strong>moukidebloba Tbilisisg<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
mox<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 250 aTasi qarTvelis g<strong>an</strong>devna, afxazuri mxare Seeca<strong>da</strong><br />
megruli enis popularizacias <strong>da</strong> galis raionSi rusul-afxazur-megrul<br />
gazeTis gamoqveynebac ki sca<strong>da</strong>. 6 am moqmedebis naTeli miz<strong>an</strong>i iyo galis<br />
raionSi ramodenime <strong>da</strong>rCenili qarTuli ojaxis <strong>da</strong>rwmuneba imaSi, rom<br />
sakuTari Tavi CaeTvalaT megrelebad <strong>da</strong> ara qarTvelebad. qarTulma mxarem<br />
miiRo es faqti, rogorc mtrobis aqti.<br />
5 broersi “vin ari<strong>an</strong> megrelebi?”<br />
6 iqve.<br />
14
amitom, ar aris gasakviri, rom nebismieri saubari <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si<br />
megruli, sv<strong>an</strong>uri <strong>an</strong> lazuri enebisTvis xelisSemwyobi meq<strong>an</strong>izmebis<br />
Semot<strong>an</strong>aze qarTuli moxeleebis <strong>da</strong> inteligenciis mxir<strong>da</strong>n eWviT <strong>an</strong> sulac<br />
mtrulad miiReba. magaliTad, lorens broers xazs usvams 1999 wels<br />
Jurnal “literaturul <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si” <strong>da</strong>beWdili murm<strong>an</strong> leb<strong>an</strong>iZis leqsis<br />
nawyvetis Targm<strong>an</strong>s:<br />
`viT de<strong>da</strong>- mtkvarT<strong>an</strong> Woroxs <strong>da</strong> engurs,<br />
rions <strong>da</strong> texurs, iors <strong>da</strong> aragvs,<br />
agreTve- enas, qarTulT<strong>an</strong> megruls,<br />
. 7<br />
xma amoiRos ufleba ar aqvs”<br />
amitom ismis ZiriTadi sakiTxi - aris Tu ara saWiro megruli, sv<strong>an</strong>uri<br />
<strong>da</strong> lazuri enebis regionalur enebad CaTvla <strong>da</strong> amis Sedegad maTTvis<br />
<strong>da</strong>cvis uzrunvelyofa <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> enobrivi evropuli qarti-is<br />
T<strong>an</strong>axmad. formalurad, “<strong>regionaluri</strong> ena” ar aris calke termini qartiis<br />
farglebSi; ar SeiZleba misi g<strong>an</strong>calkeveba “<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis” erTgvari “g<strong>an</strong>uyofeli” terminisg<strong>an</strong>. kerZod, “<strong>regionaluri</strong> ena” ar<br />
niSnavs “dialeqtur naxevrad-enas”. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, zogierTi saxelmwifo,<br />
rogoricaa germ<strong>an</strong>ia, niderl<strong>an</strong>debi <strong>da</strong> poloneTi (ix. qvemoT), mas zustad<br />
amgvarad g<strong>an</strong>ixilaven <strong>da</strong> miaCniaT, rom saWiroa im enebis <strong>da</strong>cva, romelTa<br />
mflobelebi ar miakuTvneben sakuTar Tavs erovnul umciresobas.<br />
problema isaa, rom Zali<strong>an</strong> xSirad sakiTxi, aris Tu ara konkretuli<br />
ena <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli Tu dialeqti, aris politikuri. SesaZlebelia enebis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xilva, rogorc dialeqtebis, maTi oficialuri aRiarebis garkveuli<br />
formiT, <strong>an</strong> – maqs vainraixis cnobili formulirebiT – “dialeqtebad<br />
jaris T<strong>an</strong>xlebiT”. ra Tqma un<strong>da</strong>, arsebobs ramdenime obieqturi kriteriumi,<br />
romlis mixedviTac ena g<strong>an</strong>irCeva dialeqtisag<strong>an</strong>, kerZod, esaa msgavsobis<br />
7 iqve. aRs<strong>an</strong>iSnavia, rom mdinare mtkvari miedineba TbilisSi, sxvebi ki <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s sxva regionebSi.<br />
15
done <strong>da</strong> is, Tu ramdenad “dialeqti” <strong>da</strong> is “mSobeli ena”, romlis nawilic<br />
pirveli SeiZleba iyos, gasagebia erTm<strong>an</strong>eTisTvis. amis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, arsebobs<br />
bevri magaliTi, rodesac adgilobrivi ena ukve sakmaod <strong>da</strong>Sorebulia<br />
“mSobeli enisg<strong>an</strong>”, magram mainc iTvleba dialeqtad (aq SeiZleba gavixsenoT<br />
italiuri “dialeqtebis” magaliTi, rogoricaa napolit<strong>an</strong>o). amitom, xSirad<br />
dialeqti iTvleba enad, Tu igi ibeWdeba <strong>da</strong> iTvleba ara ubralod<br />
adgilobriv enad, aramed literaturul enad, <strong>an</strong> Tu ena ramdenadme mainc<br />
sargeblobs prestiJiT.<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> evropuli qartia, am mxriv sakmaod<br />
bundov<strong>an</strong>ia, Tumca Seicavs <strong>regionaluri</strong> enis <strong>da</strong> dialeqtis erTm<strong>an</strong>eTisg<strong>an</strong><br />
garCevis ramodenime miTiTebas. J<strong>an</strong>-mari vurlingis enobriv qartiaze<br />
„kritikuli komentaris“ T<strong>an</strong>axmad:<br />
dialeqtebi, rogorc mocemuli enis vari<strong>an</strong>tebi. aseTi variaciebi erTi enis<br />
farglebSi SeiZleba iyos metad <strong>an</strong> naklebad aSkara, rac <strong>da</strong>mokidebulia istoriul,<br />
geografiul <strong>an</strong> socialur aspeqtze. erTi g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>i fatqori<br />
aris konkretul enaze molaparake pirTa subieqturi <strong>da</strong>rwmunebuloba, rom isini<br />
laparakoben erTi<strong>da</strong>igive enaze, es <strong>da</strong>jerebuloba xSirad g<strong>an</strong>isazRvreba politikuri<br />
konteqstiT. 8<br />
qveynebma, romlebic xeli moaweres <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
evropuli qartia-s, gamoiyenes qartia im adgilobrivi enebis <strong>da</strong>sacavad,<br />
romlebic ari<strong>an</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> enis <strong>da</strong> dialeqtis sazRvarze. magaliTad,<br />
niderl<strong>an</strong>debSi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvites qartiis nawilis II gamoyeneba limburgis<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> enis <strong>da</strong>sacavad (limburgiuli), romelic xSirad<br />
g<strong>an</strong>isazRvreba, rogorc hol<strong>an</strong>diuris dialeqti. amis msgavsad, germ<strong>an</strong>iam<br />
gamoiyena qartiis nawilebi II <strong>da</strong> III qve<strong>da</strong> germ<strong>an</strong>ulT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi<br />
(Niederdeutsch <strong>an</strong> Plattdeutsch), romelic agreTve xSirad g<strong>an</strong>isazRvreba, rogorc<br />
adgilobrivi ena. amis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, qartiis muxlis 15 T<strong>an</strong>axmad, evropis<br />
sabWos generaluri mdivnisTvis wardgenil pirvelad periodul <strong>an</strong>gariSSi<br />
8 vurlingi, <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartia: kritikuli komentari, gv. 63<br />
16
germ<strong>an</strong>iis mTavrobam gamoiyena qve<strong>da</strong> germ<strong>an</strong>ulis 16-e saukunamde arsebuli<br />
weriTi enis statusi, misi CarTvis gamarTlebisTvis. 9 sxva germ<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
dialeqtebi, rogoricaa, magaliTad, bavariuli, ar iyo CarTuli.<br />
rac Seexeba megruls, sv<strong>an</strong>ursa <strong>da</strong> lazur enebs, mxolod obieqtur<br />
kriteriumebze <strong>da</strong>yrdnobiTac Znelia imis <strong>da</strong>mtkiceba, rom isini mxolod<br />
qarTuli enis dialeqtebi ari<strong>an</strong>, vinai<strong>da</strong>n isini ar ari<strong>an</strong> gasagebi qarTuli<br />
enis mcodneebisTvis. amis miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, is faqti, rom maT ar gaaCniaT<br />
<strong>da</strong>mwerloba <strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT <strong>da</strong>bali prestiJi aqvT, amcirebs subieqtur <strong>da</strong><br />
politikuri aspeqtebs maTi regionalur enebad aRiarebis winaaRmdeg.<br />
ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, evropis sabWos evropaSi regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobebis enebis<br />
eqspertTa komiteti, romelic axorcielebs qartiis Sesrulebis<br />
monitorings, aZlevs saSualebas saxelmwifoebsa <strong>da</strong> maT mosaxleobas<br />
<strong>da</strong>dginon g<strong>an</strong>sxvaveba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebsa <strong>da</strong> dialeqtebs<br />
Soris. erT-erTi kriteriumi im faqtis g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrisTvis, aris Tu ara<br />
“dialeqti” <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena, aris am enaze molaparake<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebis misi aRqma calke enad (ix. vurlingis citata zemoT). meores<br />
mxriv, <strong>da</strong>bali prestiJis problema ar un<strong>da</strong> gamoyenebul iqnas argumentad<br />
imisaTvis, rom ar iqnas <strong>da</strong>culi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena, vinai<strong>da</strong>n<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena tradiciulad naklebi prestiJiT<br />
sargeblobs, vidre st<strong>an</strong><strong>da</strong>rtizirebuli enebi evropis bevr nawilSi. am<br />
moxsenebis miz<strong>an</strong>i ar gaxlavT qarTuli mTavrobisTvis imis miTiTeba,<br />
CaiTvalos Tu ara megruli, sv<strong>an</strong>uri <strong>da</strong> lazuri ena regionalur enebad.<br />
magram, mogvi<strong>an</strong>ebiT me SemogTavazebT ramodenime wina<strong>da</strong>debas, rogor<br />
SeiZleba am enebis <strong>da</strong>cva, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mTavroba ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets, aRiaros<br />
isini.<br />
9 evrosabWos generaluri mdivnisadmi gagzavnili perioduli <strong>an</strong>gariSi qartiis me-15 punqtis<br />
Sesabamisad: germ<strong>an</strong>ia (Council of Europe, MIN-LANG/PR 2000 (1), Strasbourg 20 November 2000) www.coe.int<br />
17
2. <strong>da</strong>cvis saWiroeba<br />
CamoTvlili enebi<strong>da</strong>n g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebul <strong>da</strong>cvas saWiroeben is enebi,<br />
romlebic naklebad gamoiyeneba. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si mcire ricxov<strong>an</strong> enobriv<br />
Temebs ar gaaCniaT seriozuli meq<strong>an</strong>izmebi sakuTari enis <strong>da</strong>cvis <strong>da</strong><br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis uzrunvelyofisTvis. sabWoTa sag<strong>an</strong>m<strong>an</strong>aTleblo sistema<br />
aZlev<strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebul privilegiebs garkveul enebs, kerZod ki im enebs,<br />
romlebzec saubrob<strong>da</strong> administratiul-teritoriuli erTeulis erovneba<br />
(respublika, avtonomiuri respublika <strong>da</strong> avtonomiuri regioni), ufro<br />
mcirericxov<strong>an</strong> enobriv Temebs ki mouwodebdnen esaubraT <strong>an</strong> rusulad, <strong>an</strong> im<br />
respublikis titularuli erovnebis enaze, romelSic cxovrobdnen. ase<br />
magaliTad, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si rusul, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul, somxur, afxazur <strong>da</strong> osur<br />
skolebSi mimdinareob<strong>da</strong> swavla Sesabamis enebze; iezidebi, berZnebi,<br />
asirielebi <strong>da</strong> udinebi <strong>da</strong>diodnen rusul <strong>an</strong> qarTul skolebSi <strong>da</strong> maT<br />
mouwodebdnen elaparakaT ufro farTod gavrcelebul enebze. mas Semdeg,<br />
rac <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m moipova <strong>da</strong>moukidebloba 1991 wels, is mcire saSualebebi,<br />
romlebic arsebob<strong>da</strong> mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>i umciresobebis enis <strong>da</strong> kulturis<br />
<strong>da</strong>sacavad, amoiwura <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>sebis ararsebobis gamo. dRes afxazeTis <strong>da</strong><br />
samxreT oseTis teritoriebis gareT arsebobs mxolod rusuli,<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri skolebi. sxva <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis SenarCunebasa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTarebaze mimarTuli qmedebebi xorcieldeba<br />
mxolod kerZo asociaciebis <strong>da</strong> fondebis mier (xSirad maT ar aqvT<br />
sakmarisi <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>seba).<br />
dRes <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si yvelaze didi riskis qveS ari<strong>an</strong> is enebi, a)<br />
romlebzec laparakobs mosaxleobis yvelaze mcire raodenoba; b) ar aqvT<br />
saxelmwifo <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s farglebis gareT, sa<strong>da</strong>c es ena aris oficialuri<br />
saxelmwifo ena. albaT, yvelaze didi safrTxe emuqreba bacbur <strong>da</strong> udinur<br />
enebs. bacbur enaze laparakoben wova-TuSebi axmetis raionis sofel zemo<br />
alv<strong>an</strong>Si, aRmosavleT <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si. es ena miekuTvneba kavkasiuri enebis<br />
naxur jgufs, romelSic agreTve Sedis CeCnuri <strong>da</strong> inguSuri enebi (ix.<br />
18
cxrili 1). im faqtT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, rom wova-TuSebis umetesoba Tavs<br />
qarTvelebad Tvlis, TviT TemSic arsebob<strong>da</strong> winaaRmdegoba bacburi enis<br />
<strong>da</strong>cvis mimarT, imis SiSiT, rom jgufs CaTvli<strong>an</strong> araqarTvelebad. mSoblebs<br />
ar sur<strong>da</strong>d bavSvebisTvis eswavlebinad bacburi ena, <strong>da</strong> dRes mxolod<br />
ufrosi Taoba iyenebs am enas erTm<strong>an</strong>eTT<strong>an</strong> saubrisas. 10 arsebobs<br />
mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>i safrTxe, rom Semdegi Taoba aRar ilaparakebs am enaze.<br />
agreTve gaqroba emuqreba udinur enas, romelic aris kavkasiuri<br />
alb<strong>an</strong>uris T<strong>an</strong>amedrove STamomavali – enis, romelsac sakuTari<br />
<strong>da</strong>mwerloba hqon<strong>da</strong>. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si erTaderTi sofeli, sa<strong>da</strong>c cxovroben<br />
udinebi – sofeli oqtomberi yvarlis raionSi aris erT-erTi, msoflioSi<br />
arsebuli sami sofli<strong>da</strong>n, sa<strong>da</strong>c laparakoben udinur enaze (<strong>da</strong>narCeni ori<br />
aris soflebi nij <strong>da</strong> oRuz azerbaij<strong>an</strong>Si). udinur enaze molaparake<br />
mosaxleobas aseve emuqreba qarTulenov<strong>an</strong> mosaxleobasT<strong>an</strong> asimilacia, rac<br />
sakuTari enis <strong>da</strong>viwyebas niSnavs.<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom uSualod ar emuqrebaT g<strong>an</strong>adgurebis safrTxe,<br />
arsebobs sxva mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>i lingvisturi jgufebic, romlebic aseve<br />
SeiZleba asimilirdnen <strong>an</strong> am enebze molaparake pirTa ricxvma Seuqceva<strong>da</strong>d<br />
Semcirdes droTa g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi. magaliTisTvis asiriuli Temi gamodgeba.<br />
misi <strong>da</strong>axloebiT meoTxedi koncentrirebulia mcxeTa-mTi<strong>an</strong>eTis patara<br />
sofel q<strong>an</strong><strong>da</strong>Si.; magram, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, vinai<strong>da</strong>n ar arsebobs asiriul<br />
enaze saswavlo <strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, bavSvebi <strong>da</strong>di<strong>an</strong> qarTul skolaSi, mezobel<br />
qarTvelebT<strong>an</strong> erTad. Sedegad axalgazrdebi iviwyeben asiriuli enas. maSin,<br />
roca ufro did TemSi arsebuli asirielebis umravlesoba laparakobs<br />
mSobliur enaze, mxolod umciresobas SeuZlia wera sakuTari <strong>an</strong>b<strong>an</strong>iT.<br />
asiriuli ena <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mwerloba ar iswavleba skolebSi, igi mxolod Taobi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
Taobaze zepirad ga<strong>da</strong>dis; <strong>da</strong> rasakvirvelia, gar<strong>an</strong>tia imisa, rom ena am<br />
gziT SenarCundeba, ar arsebobs.<br />
10 wyaro: tom trieris mier Catarebuli savele samuSaoebi, 2006 wlis ivlisi.<br />
19
erTi SexedviT, megruls <strong>da</strong> sv<strong>an</strong>urs ar emuqreba <strong>da</strong>viwyebis safrTxe,<br />
vinai<strong>da</strong>n sakmao raodenobis a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebi iyeneben maT. magram lazurad<br />
molaparake Temi <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si Zalin mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>ia <strong>da</strong> saWiroebs <strong>da</strong>cvas.<br />
megruli <strong>da</strong> sv<strong>an</strong>uris mcodne <strong>da</strong> maTze molaparake a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebis ricxvmac<br />
SeiZleba drTa g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi swrafad <strong>da</strong>iklos, Tu magaliTad, im<br />
regionebs, sa<strong>da</strong>c am enebze dRes aqtiurad laparakoben, globaluri<br />
cvlilebebi Seexo. amdenad, riski arsebobs, vinai<strong>da</strong>n es enebi ar<br />
warmoadgenen instituciuri <strong>da</strong>cvis sag<strong>an</strong>s <strong>da</strong> meorec, imitom, rom<br />
adgilobrivi mosaxleoba maT g<strong>an</strong>ixilavs, rogorc “meorexarisxov<strong>an</strong>”,<br />
“soflur” enebs, romelTa mimarT pativiscema naklebia. vinai<strong>da</strong>n mosaxleoba<br />
tovebs sv<strong>an</strong>eTis <strong>da</strong> samegrelos soflebs samuSaos Zebnis mizniT, mSoblebma<br />
SeiZleba momavalSi aRar gaamaxvilon yuradReba maTi Svilebis mier<br />
mSobliuri enis codnaze, CaTvli<strong>an</strong> ra mas <strong>da</strong>brkoleba<strong>da</strong>c ki<br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebisTvis. qveomoT aRwerilia amgvari enebis <strong>da</strong>cvis <strong>da</strong> maTT<strong>da</strong>mi<br />
prestiJis asamaRleblad SemuSavebuli meq<strong>an</strong>izmebi.<br />
3. <strong>da</strong>cva <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartiis II<br />
nawilis Sesabamisad<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartiis II nawili<br />
warmoadgens <strong>da</strong>cvis meq<strong>an</strong>izms enebisa, romlebic gaqrobis safrTxis winaSe<br />
dg<strong>an</strong><strong>an</strong>. am nawilSi mocemulia zogadi amoc<strong>an</strong>ebi <strong>da</strong> principebi, romlebic<br />
qartiis wevrma saxelmwifoebma un<strong>da</strong> gaiTvaliswinon aRniSnuli enebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>cvis mizniT. nawili II-Si mocemuli zogadi principi emyareba im Teziss,<br />
rom <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi warmoadgens kulturuli<br />
simdidris gamoxatulebas (muxli 7.1a, ix. zemoT) <strong>da</strong> am faqtis<br />
gaTvaliswinebiT, gulisxmobs mtkice zomebis gatarebas maTi <strong>da</strong>cvis <strong>da</strong><br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis mizniT (muxli 7.1g). amdenad, nawili II gulisxmobs ara<br />
mxolod <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis mimarT toler<strong>an</strong>tul<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebulebas (muxli 7.3), aramed sazogadoebriv <strong>da</strong> pirad cxovrebaSi<br />
maT aqtiur waxalisebas (muxli 7.1 d).<br />
20
am principebze <strong>da</strong>yrdnobiT nawilSi II (muxli 7) mocemulia am<br />
mimarTulebiT gasatarebeli konkretuli nabijebi: 1) uzrunvelyofa imisa,<br />
rom qveynis teritoriul-administraciuli <strong>da</strong>yofa ar abrkolebs<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis xelSewyobas (muxli 7.1b); 2) qveynis<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva nawilSi mcxovreb erTi<strong>da</strong>imave lingvisturi jgufebis<br />
warmomadgenelTa <strong>da</strong> aseve, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva lingvisturi jgufebis<br />
warmomadgenelTa Soris kavSirebis SenarCunebis <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis<br />
xelSewyoba (muxli 7.1e); 3) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavlebis<br />
<strong>da</strong> Seswavlis xelSewyoba (muxli 7.1v) <strong>da</strong> am SesaZleblobis micema im<br />
moqalaqeTaTvis, visTvisac <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi ar<br />
warmoadgens mSobliurs, magram aqvT survili am enebis Seswavlisa (muxli<br />
7.1g); 4) universitetebsa <strong>da</strong> sxva samecniero <strong>da</strong>wesebulebebSi regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze swavlis <strong>da</strong> samecniero kvlevebis warmoebis<br />
xelSewyoba (muxli 7.1T); 5) tr<strong>an</strong>snacionaluri gacvliTi programebis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba im qveynebT<strong>an</strong>, romlebSic laparakoben imave regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze (muxli 7.1i); 6) regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
saubris SezRudvebis faqtebis aRmofxvra (muxli 7.2); <strong>da</strong> 7) uzrunvelyofa<br />
imisa, rom regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze mosaubre jgufis<br />
saWiroebebs <strong>da</strong> survilebs jerov<strong>an</strong>i yuradReba eqceva, saukeTeso<br />
SemTxvevaSi ki, arsebobs am jgufebis interesTa <strong>da</strong>mcveli Sesabamisi<br />
struqturebi.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>sT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>ia im rolis fsiqoligiuri<br />
konceptualizacia, romelsac <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi<br />
asruleben sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi. mixeil saakaSvilis TaosnobiT<br />
qveynis saTaveSi mosul axal xelisuflebas gauZnel<strong>da</strong> “samoqalaqo<br />
integraciad” wodebuli saWiroebis gamokveTa. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom jer<br />
kidev bolomde naTlad ar aris gamokveTili, Tu ras gulisxmobs liderTa<br />
axali Taoba am terminSi, saxezea ori ZiriTadi tendencia. pirveli<br />
gulisxmobs “demosis” konsoli<strong>da</strong>cias, romelic efuZneba saerTo<br />
Rirebulebebs <strong>da</strong> qarTuli enis saerTo codnas; meore ki mdgomareobs<br />
21
qarTvelis, rogorc eTnikurad eqskluziuri cnebis SecvlaSi axali<br />
yovlismomcveli koncefciiT, rac Tavis TavSi yvela erovnebis moqalaqes<br />
aerTi<strong>an</strong>ebs.<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartiis muxli 7,<br />
romelic regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs kulturuli simdidris<br />
gamoxatulebad aRiarebs (muxli 7.1a), xels uwyobs “kulturuli kavSirebis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparake <strong>da</strong><br />
saxelmwifoSi mcxovreb sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva enaze molaparake jgufebs Soris” (7.1e),<br />
SesaZleblobas uqmnis moqalaqeebs, romelTaTvisac <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi ar warmoadgens mSobliurs, magram survili aqvT am<br />
enebis swavlisa, Seiswavlon isini (7.1g) <strong>da</strong> xels uwyobs universitetebsa<br />
<strong>da</strong> sxva samecniero <strong>da</strong>wesebulebebSi regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
swavlas <strong>da</strong> samecniero kvlevebis warmoebas – yovelive es warmoadgens<br />
samoqalaqo integraciis Semadgenel komponentebs. muxli 7-is<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba saSualebas miscems yvela moqalaqes, Camoyalibdnen<br />
mravalenov<strong>an</strong> sazogadoebad, romlis wevroba g<strong>an</strong>isazRvreba samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong><br />
ara eTnikuri kriteriumiT.<br />
muxli 7-Si mocemuli ufro konkretuli nabijebi, romelic<br />
gulisxmobs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis aqtiuri gamoyenebis<br />
xelSewyobas, warmoadgens sasargeblo meq<strong>an</strong>izms gaqrobis safrTxis qveS<br />
myofi enebis <strong>da</strong>cvis TvalsazrisiT. sakiTxis <strong>da</strong>yeneba imgvarad, rom<br />
araqarTuli enebi skolebsa <strong>da</strong> universitetebSi ara mxolod erovnul<br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> warmomadgenlebis mier iswavlebodes (ix. muxli 7.1g)<br />
moemsaxureba ormag miz<strong>an</strong>s. pirveli: <strong>da</strong>icav<strong>da</strong> Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>i<br />
lingvisturi jgufebis enebs, imis uzrunvelyofiT, rom aRniSnul enebze<br />
molaparake moqalaqeTa Svilebi g<strong>an</strong>aTlebas mSobliur enaze miiReben. meore<br />
mxriv, <strong>da</strong> rac aseve mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>ia, qarTvelebisTvis araqarTuli enebis<br />
Seswavlis ideis propag<strong>an</strong>dis gziT amaRldeba sazogadoebrvi cnobiereba im<br />
sakiTxSi, rom es enebi ara gareSe <strong>da</strong> ucxoa, aramed garkveulwilad<br />
22
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s ekuTvnis <strong>da</strong> amdenad, misi memkvidreobis nawilia. am<br />
mosazrebis g<strong>an</strong>mtkicebis erT-erTi gza iqnebo<strong>da</strong> saskolo programaSi sagnis<br />
- “<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s enebis Seswavla” Set<strong>an</strong>a, rac saSualebas miscem<strong>da</strong> qarTuli<br />
skolis yvela moswavles, Seeswavla sul mcire erTi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena (cxrilSi 1 CamoTvlilTag<strong>an</strong>). es midgoma gamodgebo<strong>da</strong><br />
agreTve <strong>da</strong>cvis meq<strong>an</strong>izmad Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>i lingvisturi<br />
jgufebis enebisa; msgavsi midgoma SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas<br />
universitetebSic.<br />
es midgoma SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas megrul, sv<strong>an</strong>ur <strong>da</strong> lazur<br />
enebT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi. qarTuli enis swavlebis modulSi SeiZleba Set<strong>an</strong>il<br />
iqnas qarTuli (<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s) enebis swavleba (<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si arsebuli<br />
enebis nacvlad, ix. zemoT); adgilobrivi <strong>regionaluri</strong> enebis Set<strong>an</strong>a<br />
qarTul lingvistikaSi gaaRrmaveb<strong>da</strong> zoga<strong>da</strong>d “qarTulis” koncefts misi<br />
mravalmxrivi arsiT <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>an</strong>eitraleb<strong>da</strong> arsebul SiSs imasT<strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, rom mag. megrulis <strong>an</strong> sxva adgilobrivi enebis Seswavla<br />
safrTxes Seuqmnis qarTulenov<strong>an</strong>i sazogadoebis erTi<strong>an</strong>obas. amgvari<br />
iniciativa Seesabameba qartiis preambulaSi mocemul or ZiriTad princips:<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis <strong>da</strong>cvam <strong>da</strong> waxalisebam zi<strong>an</strong>i ar un<strong>da</strong><br />
miayenos oficialur enebsa <strong>da</strong> maTi Seswavlis aucileblobas; <strong>da</strong><br />
aRniSnuli enebis <strong>da</strong>cva mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>i Senat<strong>an</strong>ia arsebuli<br />
mravalferovnebis g<strong>an</strong>samtkiceblad erovnuli <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis <strong>da</strong><br />
teritoriuli mTli<strong>an</strong>obis farglebSi.<br />
muxli 7 Seicavs agreTve garkveul nabijebs, romelTa g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba<br />
SeiZleba rTuli aRmoCndes <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebisTvis. upirveles<br />
yovlisa, muxli 7.1i tr<strong>an</strong>snacionaluri T<strong>an</strong>amSromlobis Sesaxeb<br />
winaaRmdegobriv xasiaTs atarebs, vinai<strong>da</strong>n SeiZleba interpretirebul iqnas,<br />
rogorc separatizmis safrTxis Semcveli mimarTuleba. kerZod, es SiSi<br />
ukavSirdeba samcxe-javaxeTis somxur <strong>da</strong> qvemo qarTlis azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul<br />
mosaxleobas. samoqalaqo integraciis mimarTulebiT realuri progresis<br />
23
ararsebobis gamo es Temebi Tavi<strong>an</strong>Ti kulturuli kavSirebiT ufro metad<br />
integrirebulni ari<strong>an</strong> monaTesave qveynebis mosaxleobasT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> SiSi<br />
efuZneba im mosazrebas, rom am monaTesave jgufebis sazRvrebsSorisi<br />
T<strong>an</strong>amSromlobis kidev ufro meti xelSewyobiT qveynis SigniT integracias<br />
SeiZleba safrTxe <strong>da</strong>emuqros. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, muxlSi 7.1 mocemuli<br />
mosazrebis formulirebam, romelic mouwodebs “Sesabamisi<br />
tr<strong>an</strong>snacionaluri gacvlebis xelSewyobisken” (xazgasma Cemia), SeiZleba<br />
garkveuli berketi misces qartiis monawile qvey<strong>an</strong>as sakuTar qmedebebSi am<br />
sakiTxT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi. <strong>da</strong> bolos, Tu gava<strong>an</strong>alizebT somexi <strong>da</strong><br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>eli mosaxleobis sazRvarTaSoris gacvlebT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul<br />
potenciur riskebs, SeiZleba aRmoCndes, rom magaliTad, Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT<br />
mcirericxov<strong>an</strong>i lingvisturi jgufebis warmomadgenelTa kontaqtebi<br />
monaTesave farTo diasporebT<strong>an</strong> Zalze sasargebloa, radg<strong>an</strong> saSualebas<br />
iZleva ukeT iqnas Seswavlili <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>mwerlobebi <strong>da</strong><br />
gaRrmavdes maTi kvleva.<br />
III. enobrivi uflebebi <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo integracia<br />
g<strong>an</strong>vixiloT meore ZiriTadi gamowveva, romelic <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m un<strong>da</strong><br />
ga<strong>da</strong>Wras qartiis <strong>da</strong>nergvis gzaze: rogor moxdes <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis xelSewyoba imgvarad, rom safrTxe ar<br />
Seeqmnas qarTuls, rogorc saxelmwifo enas <strong>an</strong> erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
qarTul sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi integracias qarTuli enis (sxva enebis<br />
xarjze) swavlebis aucileblobis TiTqos<strong>da</strong> erTgvari Serbilebis gamo.Aaq<br />
igulisxmeba kompaqturad <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli umciresobebi, romlebmac ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d<br />
ar ici<strong>an</strong> qarTuli – rogoricaa axalqalaqisa <strong>da</strong> ninowmindis somxuri<br />
mosaxleoba (javaxeTi), qvemo qarTlis azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli mosaxleoba <strong>da</strong><br />
yofili samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri respublikis osuri mosaxleoba.<br />
winamdebare naSromSi me ar g<strong>an</strong>vixilav samxreT oseTSi qartiis SesaZlo<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebis perspeqtivas <strong>an</strong> osuri enis <strong>da</strong>cvasT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul<br />
konkretul nabijebs. g<strong>an</strong>xorcieldeba Tu ara saerTod es qartia samxreT<br />
24
oseTSi <strong>da</strong> konkretulad rogor g<strong>an</strong>xorcieldeba igi – es mTli<strong>an</strong>ad<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebulia arsebuli grZelvadi<strong>an</strong>i konfliqtis saboloo mogvarebaze.<br />
wina nawilSi aRwerili qartiis II nawilis miReba garkveulwilad<br />
TavisTavad ga<strong>da</strong>Wri<strong>da</strong> qarTul sazogadoebaSi erovnuli umciresobebis<br />
integrirebis urTierTsawinaaRmdego amoc<strong>an</strong>ebs, <strong>da</strong>icav<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>aviTareb<strong>da</strong><br />
ra amavdroulad <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs. magaliTad, muxlSi 7.1.e mocemuli<br />
mowodebis “kulturuli kavSirebis <strong>da</strong>myareba qvey<strong>an</strong>aSi mcxovreb, sxva<br />
enebze mosaubre jgufebT<strong>an</strong>” xelSewyobisken mimarTuli nabijebi ufro<br />
metad moaaxloveb<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong> ara <strong>da</strong>abrkoleb<strong>da</strong> erovnul integracias. aseve,<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri enebis swavlebis ideis propag<strong>an</strong><strong>da</strong> ara marto<br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> Soris, aramed eTnikur qarTvelebSi efuZneba im princips,<br />
rom es enebi <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s lingvisturi memkvidreobis Semadgeneli nawilia.<br />
amgvari midgoma xels Seuwyob<strong>da</strong> <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si mcxovreb araT<strong>an</strong>abar<br />
pirobebSi myofi Temebis ufro metad gaerTi<strong>an</strong>ebas, vidre <strong>da</strong>Sorebas.<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom muxliT 7.1v g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli moTxovna “<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis Sesabamis etapebze Seswavlis <strong>da</strong> swavlebis saT<strong>an</strong>ado<br />
formebis <strong>da</strong> saSualebebis uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb” SesaZloa sag<strong>an</strong>gaSo<br />
signalad aJRerdes imaTTvis, vinc erTaderT prioritetad qarTuli enis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTareba-<strong>da</strong>nergvis xelSewyobas miiCnevs, - is faqti, rom<br />
pasuxismgeblobas <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavlebis<br />
xelSewyobaze ara mezobeli saxelmwifoebi, aramed swored qarTuli<br />
saxelmwifo iRebs sakuTar Tavze, - arsebuli status qvos garRvevas<br />
aRniSnavs. sadReisod saswavlo masalebi somxur <strong>da</strong> azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul enebze<br />
somxuri <strong>da</strong> azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli skolebis umravlesobas baqo<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> erevni<strong>da</strong>n,<br />
<strong>da</strong> ara Tbilisi<strong>da</strong>n moewodebaT. muxlis 7.1 saT<strong>an</strong>ado amoqmedebis<br />
SemTxvevaSi <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavlebaze kontrols <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
saxelmwifo aiRebs.<br />
qartiis sakv<strong>an</strong>Zo nawili, romelic Seexeba somxuri <strong>da</strong> azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
enebis xelSewyobas, esaa nawili III (muxlebi 8-14). qartiis muxlis 3.1<br />
mixedviT, qartiis monawile TiToeulma saxelmwifom ratifikaciis<br />
25
sakuTari instrumentis Sesabamisad, un<strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>sazRvros romel regionalur<br />
<strong>da</strong> umciresobis enebs Seexeba nawili III. muxlis 3.1 mixedviT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli<br />
TiToeuli <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enisTvis muxli 2.2 moiTxovs<br />
minimum 35 punqts <strong>an</strong> qvepunqts muxlebi<strong>da</strong>n 8-14, maT Soris, minimum 3 punqti<br />
un<strong>da</strong> iqnas aRebuli muxlebi<strong>da</strong>n 8 <strong>da</strong> 12; <strong>da</strong> minimum 1 punqti muxlebi<strong>da</strong>n 9,<br />
10, 11 <strong>da</strong> 13. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom Teoriulad SesaZlebelia arc erTi<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena ar iqnas arCeuli nawili III_<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong><br />
moxdes mxolod nawili II-is ratificireba (rogorc es mox<strong>da</strong> kviprosis<br />
magaliTze), naklebad savaraudoa, rom eqspertTa komiteti axsnis amgvar<br />
nabijs, rogorc Sesabamiss qartiis suliskveTebasT<strong>an</strong>, miznebT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
principebT<strong>an</strong>; miT umetes, rom <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxvevaSi aSkarad arsebobs<br />
ramodenime ena, romelic nawili III-Si g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrul <strong>da</strong>cvis sferos<br />
g<strong>an</strong>ekuTvneba. rogorc vurlingi aRniSnavs, “vinai<strong>da</strong>n qartia mouwodebs wevr<br />
qveynebs nawili III-is aucilebeli minimumis Sesrulebas TiToeul enasT<strong>an</strong><br />
mimarTebaSi, uaris g<strong>an</strong>cxadeba nawili III-is Sesrulebaze Zali<strong>an</strong> waagavs<br />
SemovliTi gzis Ziebas pasuxismgeblobis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad, <strong>da</strong> amdenad<br />
k<strong>an</strong>onis <strong>da</strong>rRvevis mcdelobad SeiZleba CaiTvalos.” 11<br />
amdenad, saxelmwifom un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitos, romel enebs irCevs nawili<br />
III-T<strong>an</strong> SesabamisobaSi. vurlingma g<strong>an</strong>sazRvra sami ZiriTadi kriteriumi,<br />
romlis mixedviTac un<strong>da</strong> SeirCes <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena nawil<br />
III-T<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi: 1) aRniSnul enaze un<strong>da</strong> laparakobdes a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebis sakmao<br />
raodenoba, 2) un<strong>da</strong> arsebobdes sul mcire erTi teritoria mainc, sa<strong>da</strong>c am<br />
enaze molaparake a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebi kompaqturad saxloben, 3) am enaze molaparake<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebi aqtiurad un<strong>da</strong> iyvnen mowadinebuli, <strong>da</strong>icv<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>aviTaron<br />
sakuTari ena. 12 am kriteriumebis gaTvaliswinebiT naTelia, rom<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxvevaSi, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri enebi yvelaze metad<br />
miesa<strong>da</strong>geba nawil III-s. am or enaze sakmao raodenobis a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebi<br />
11 vurlingi, <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> evropuli enebis evropuli qartia, kritikuli komentari, gv. 81<br />
(Woehrling, The Europe<strong>an</strong> Charter for Regional <strong>an</strong>d Minority L<strong>an</strong>guages: Critical Commentary, 81)<br />
12 iqve, gv. 140.<br />
26
laparakoben, <strong>da</strong> mxolod am or enaze molaparake a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>ebi cxovroben<br />
kompaqturad qveynis konkretul regionebSi.<br />
rusuli ena aseve mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong> rols asrulebs <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
socialur <strong>da</strong> politikur cxovrebaSi, rogorc uwin sabWoTa kavSiris<br />
sivrceSi moqmedi ZiriTadi ena <strong>da</strong> erovnebaTSorisi komunikaciis ena<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si cxovrobs <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 83,000 a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>i,<br />
romelTaTvisac rusuli ena mSobliuria (ix. cxr. 1) <strong>da</strong> <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
mosaxleobis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT naxevari kargad saubrobs rusulad, vinai<strong>da</strong>n<br />
maTTvis rusuli meore enas warmoadgens. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si<br />
ar arsebobs regioni, sa<strong>da</strong>c rusulenov<strong>an</strong>i mosaxleobis geografiuli<br />
koncentracia iqnebo<strong>da</strong>, amdenad, Znelia rusul enas mivusa<strong>da</strong>goT nawili III,<br />
vinai<strong>da</strong>n mis garkveul punqtebSi nagulisxmevia specifiurad konkretul<br />
teritoriebze mosaxle a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>Ta jgufebi (ix. qvemoT). amasT<strong>an</strong>, rusuli<br />
enisTvis g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebuli yuradRebis miqcevam SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>akninos<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri enebis <strong>da</strong>cvisken mimarTuli Zalisxmeva. amis<br />
mizezia is, rom rusuli ena ise<strong>da</strong>c araformalurad gamoiyeneba am<br />
regionebis (qvemo qarTli <strong>da</strong> javaxeTi) adgilobriv administraciul<br />
org<strong>an</strong>oebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c zemoTaRniSnuli enebi warmoadgens mSobliurs; <strong>da</strong><br />
amdenad, rusuli enis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis xelSewyobam SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>Trgunos<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri enebis gamoyenebisken mimarTuli mcdelobebi.<br />
<strong>da</strong>bolos, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebis Zalisxmeva mimarTulia iqiTken, rom<br />
qarTuli, <strong>da</strong> ara rusuli ena, gaxdes erovnebaTaSorisi komunikaciis ena; <strong>da</strong><br />
am WrilSi rusuli enis <strong>da</strong>nergvis xelSewyobam – enisa, romelic ise<strong>da</strong>c<br />
farTod gamoyeneba erovnuli umciresobebis mier – SeiZleba im principis<br />
sawinaaRmdegod imuSaos, romlis mixedviTac <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis <strong>da</strong>cva ar un<strong>da</strong> mimdinareobdes oficialuri enis (enebis) sazi<strong>an</strong>od.<br />
nawili III-s amoc<strong>an</strong>a mdgomareobs qartiis wevri saxelmwifoebisTvis<br />
“saxelmZRv<strong>an</strong>elos” SeqmnaSi, romelSic mocemuli iqneba konkretuli<br />
nabijebi, mimarTuli <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis sazogadoebriv<br />
27
cxovrebaSi <strong>da</strong>nergvis uzrunvelyofisken. muxlSi 8 mocemulia regionalur<br />
<strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze swavlis xelSewyoba “saxelmwifo enisTvis<br />
(enebisTvis) zi<strong>an</strong>is miyenebis gareSe”. muxlebi 9, 10 <strong>da</strong> 11 gulisxmobs<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebas sasamarTlo sistemaSi,<br />
saxelisuflo-administraciul org<strong>an</strong>oebsa <strong>da</strong> masmediaSi. muxlSi 12<br />
mocemulia zomebis nusxa, romlebic un<strong>da</strong> gatardes kulturul<br />
saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa sferoSi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis<br />
wasaxaliseblad. muxli 13 exeba ekonomikur <strong>da</strong> socialur sferoebs <strong>da</strong><br />
iTvaliswinebs lingvistur safuZvelze arsebuli SezRudvebis aRmofxvras<br />
<strong>da</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis waxalisebas fin<strong>an</strong>sebis, biznesisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> socialuri <strong>da</strong>cvis sferoSi. bolos, muxli 14 exeba sazRvarTaSoris<br />
gacvlebs <strong>da</strong> moicavs ormxriv <strong>da</strong> mravalmxriv SeT<strong>an</strong>xmebaTa Sesrulebis <strong>da</strong><br />
sazRvarTSorisi T<strong>an</strong>amSromlobis waxalisebisken mimarTul zomebs msgavsi<br />
lingvisturi Temebis <strong>da</strong>saaxloeblad sazRvrebs orive mxares.<br />
nawili III-is muxlebis umetesoba moiazrebs qveynis mTel teritorias.<br />
amdenad, muxlis 8.1 cxrave qvepunqti, e.i. muxlis 8 aTi punqti<strong>da</strong>n cxra<br />
gulisxmobs “teritorias, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba aRniSnuli enebi”. aseve, muxlis<br />
9.1 oTxive qvepunqti (muxlis 9 eqvsi punqti<strong>da</strong>n <strong>an</strong> qvepunqti<strong>da</strong>n oTxi) exeba<br />
mxolod “im sasamarTlo olqebs, sa<strong>da</strong>c mcxovrebTa raodenoba, romlebic<br />
iyeneben regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs, amarTlebs qvemoT<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli zomebis miRebas”. muxli 10 kidev ufro metad<br />
<strong>da</strong>konkretebulia, ToTxmeti punqti Tu qvepunqti mocemuli TxuTmeti<strong>da</strong>n<br />
exeba administraciul raionebs, sa<strong>da</strong>c cxovrobs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobebis enebze molaparake mosaxleobis iseTi sakmarisi raodenoba,<br />
romelic amarTlebs qvemoT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli zomebis miRebas” (muxlebi 10.1 <strong>da</strong><br />
10.2) <strong>an</strong> im teritoriis farglebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi”. (muxli 10.3). <strong>an</strong>alogiurad, muxli 11-is didi nawili<br />
(cxra punqti<strong>da</strong>n Tu qvepunqti<strong>da</strong>n Svidi), muxli 12 (aTi punqti<strong>da</strong>n Tu<br />
qvepunqti<strong>da</strong>n rva) <strong>da</strong> muxli 13 (cxra punqti<strong>da</strong>n Tu qvepunqti<strong>da</strong>n xuTi) exeba<br />
“teritoriebs, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba (Sesabamisi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong>)<br />
28
enebi”. mxolod muxli 14 (ori qvepunqti) ar Seicavs punqts (qvepunqts),<br />
romelic muxlSi gaTvaliswinebul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obebs zRu<strong>da</strong>vs konkretuli<br />
teritoriis farglebSi.<br />
zogma wevrma saxelmwifom airCia nawili III miesa<strong>da</strong>gebina mxolod<br />
mocemul regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze molaparake im jgufisTvis,<br />
romelic saxlobs qveynis konkretul teritoriaze. ase magaliTad,<br />
germ<strong>an</strong>iam qartiis ratifikaciis instrumentSi g<strong>an</strong>sazRvra, rom nawili III<br />
gamoyenebul iqneba konkretul regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebT<strong>an</strong><br />
mimarTebaSi, konkretul teritoriaze - länder. 13 miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, am midgomis<br />
gamoyeneba marTebulia mxolod maSin, rodesac saxelmwifo asrulebs<br />
sakuTar qvotas, Sedgenils oc<strong>da</strong>Txumeti punqti<strong>da</strong>n <strong>an</strong> qvepunqti<strong>da</strong>n,<br />
romlebic vrceldeba qveynis mTel teritoriaze. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
xelisuflebam un<strong>da</strong> gaacnobieros es piroba, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ga<strong>da</strong>wyvets<br />
miusa<strong>da</strong>gos nawili III azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur enebs qveynis mTel<br />
teritoriaze <strong>an</strong> mxolod im administraciul raionebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c mosaxleoba<br />
aqtiurad laparakobs am enebze.<br />
msgavsad nawili II-sa, qartiis nawili III-is gamoyenebam ar un<strong>da</strong><br />
SezRudos erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> qveynis socialur, ekonomikur <strong>da</strong><br />
politikur cxovrebaSi integrirebis procesi. piriqiT, rogorc naCvenebi<br />
iqneba qvemoT, nawili III-is bevri muxli, faqtobrivad, xels uwyobs<br />
integracias. imisTvis, rom TvalnaTliv <strong>da</strong>vrwundeT rogor, saWiroa<br />
gava<strong>an</strong>alizoT TiToeuli muxli <strong>da</strong> saTiTaod g<strong>an</strong>vixiloT iseTi sferoebi,<br />
rogoricaa g<strong>an</strong>aTleba, sasamarTlo, administraciuli org<strong>an</strong>oebi, media,<br />
kultura <strong>da</strong> sazRvarTSorisi T<strong>an</strong>amSromloba. qvemoT moyv<strong>an</strong>ili <strong>an</strong>alizi<br />
cxadyofs, rom es muxlebi SeiZleba misa<strong>da</strong>gebul iqnas a) martivad; b)<br />
qarTulis, rogorc saxelmwifo enis integratiuli rolisadmi zi<strong>an</strong>is<br />
miyenebis gareSe.<br />
13<br />
evrosabWos generaluri mdivnisadmi gagzavnili perioduli <strong>an</strong>gariSi qartiis me-15 punqtis<br />
Sesabamisad: germ<strong>an</strong>ia<br />
29
1. g<strong>an</strong>aTleba<br />
qartiis muxlSi 8.1, kerZod, punqtebSi a-v, mocemulia sami ZiriTadi gza<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sistemaSi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis<br />
TvalsazrisiT: pirveli gza (i) gulisxmobs monolingvistur g<strong>an</strong>aTlebas, e.i.<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sistemas, romelic mTli<strong>an</strong>ad agebulia regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze, meore gza (ii) gulisxmobs orenov<strong>an</strong> (bilingvistur)<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebas; xolo mesame gza (iii) gulisxmobs regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enis swavlebis Set<strong>an</strong>as saswavlo programaSi. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SeTxvevaSi (i) <strong>da</strong><br />
(iii) gzebi ar gamodgeba. pirveli imitom, rom im regionebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c erovnuli<br />
umciresobebi ari<strong>an</strong> geografiulad koncentrirebuli, <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze<br />
laparakoben Sin <strong>da</strong> amdenad, (i) gza niSnavs imas, rom bavSvebs praqtikulad<br />
aRar eqnebaT <strong>an</strong> Zalze mcired eqnebaT Sexeba oficialur enasT<strong>an</strong>.<br />
<strong>an</strong>alogiurad, (iii) gza ar aris gamosadegi, vinai<strong>da</strong>n misi gamoyeneba<br />
nagulisxmevia im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena<br />
imdenad sustad aris g<strong>an</strong>viTarebuli, rom am enaze sag<strong>an</strong>m<strong>an</strong>aTleblo<br />
sagnebis mniSvnlov<strong>an</strong>i nawilis warmodgena praqtikulad SeuZlebelia. 14 im<br />
TemebisTvis, romlebisTvisac <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi<br />
mSobliuria, (iii) gza gamousadegaria.<br />
orenov<strong>an</strong>i g<strong>an</strong>aTleba (ii gza) sinamdvileSi yvelaze metad miesa<strong>da</strong>geba<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s regionebs, rogorcaa samcxe-javaxeTi <strong>da</strong> qvemo qarTli, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> warmomadgenlebi kompaqturad ari<strong>an</strong> g<strong>an</strong>saxlebuli.<br />
es faqti a<strong>da</strong>sturebs integraciis saWiroebas saxelmwifo enis sruli<br />
kompetenciis safuZvelze. muxlSi 8 a-d moyv<strong>an</strong>ilia orenov<strong>an</strong>i g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis<br />
sistema, sa<strong>da</strong>c Sesabamisi axsna-g<strong>an</strong>martebebi oficialur enaze<br />
paralelurad T<strong>an</strong> gasdevs regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze swavlebas<br />
skolamdeli asaki<strong>da</strong>n. es mimarTuleba warmoadgens garRvevas dRv<strong>an</strong>deli<br />
situacii<strong>da</strong>n, rodesac araqarTuli skolebis moswavleebi (mag., rusuli,<br />
14 vurlingi, <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> evropuli enebis evropuli qartia, kritikuli komentari, gv. 148, 151<br />
(Woehrling, The Europe<strong>an</strong> Charter for Regional <strong>an</strong>d Minority L<strong>an</strong>guages: Critical Commentary, 148, 151)<br />
30
somxuri <strong>da</strong> azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli skolebis moswavleebi) iReben Zalze mcire<br />
odenobiT (<strong>an</strong> Zalze cudi xarisxiT) g<strong>an</strong>aTlebas oficialur enaze, miT<br />
umetes, <strong>da</strong>bal klasebSi. saT<strong>an</strong>ado g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebis SemTxvevaSi, amdenad,<br />
muxlis 8.1 mixedviT swavleba oficialur enaze gaumjobesdeba imis<br />
uzrunvelyofis xarjze, rom oficialuri ena intensiurad Seiswavleba<br />
sabavSvo baRSi Tu skolaSi swavlebis <strong>da</strong>wyebis pirveli dReebi<strong>da</strong>nve. am<strong>an</strong><br />
xeli un<strong>da</strong> Seuwyos orenovnebas <strong>da</strong> integraciis process.<br />
<strong>an</strong>alogiurad, sauniversiteto g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sistemaSi, muxlis 8.1e(ii)<br />
saT<strong>an</strong>ado misa<strong>da</strong>gebis SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba Seiqmnas pozitiuri stimuli<br />
integraciis mimarTulebiT. universitetebi, g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebuli eTnikuri <strong>da</strong><br />
lingvisturi bazisis studentebis Tavmoyris Sedegad SeiZleba gaxdes<br />
idealuri garemo imaTTvis, vinc sustad laparakobs saxelmwifo enaze –<br />
qarTulenov<strong>an</strong> studentebT<strong>an</strong> urTierTobis Sedegad isini advilad<br />
aimaRleben saxelmwifo enis codnis dones. gavimeorebT, rom gza muxli<br />
8.1(i) un<strong>da</strong> gamoiricxos, vinai<strong>da</strong>n sauniversiteto g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis mxolod<br />
eqskluziurad regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze miwodebam SeiZleba<br />
<strong>da</strong>abrkolos samoqalaqo integeraciis procesi. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad amisa, saswavlo<br />
modulis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze miwodeba (Cvens SemTxvevaSi,<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur enebze) studentTa orive jgufisTvis – maTTvis,<br />
visTvisac es enebi mSobliuria <strong>da</strong> qarTulenov<strong>an</strong>i studentebisTvis (myxli<br />
8.1.eii-sT<strong>an</strong> SesabamisobaSi) aragzis r ewinaaRmdegeba integraciis amoc<strong>an</strong>as;<br />
amasT<strong>an</strong> igi aRvivebs toler<strong>an</strong>tulobas <strong>da</strong> pativiscemas sxva enebis mimarT.<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri enebis saswavlo kursebi am SemTxvevaSi un<strong>da</strong><br />
moewyos odnav saxecvlilad imaTTvis, vinc swavlobs am enebs, rogorc<br />
meore mSobliurs – <strong>an</strong>u, Tu imaTTvis, visTvisac es enebi mSobliur enebs<br />
warmoadgens, aqcenti un<strong>da</strong> gakeTdes filologiisa <strong>da</strong> literaturis<br />
gaRrmavebul swavlebaze, zemoTaRniSnul SemTxvevaSi ki ZiriTadi fokusi<br />
zogad leqsikasa <strong>da</strong> gramatikaze gakeTdeba. Tumca, erToblivi leqcia-<br />
seminarebis ricxvi orive jgufis monawileobiT gaizrdeba universitetis<br />
zr<strong>da</strong>-gafarToebasT<strong>an</strong> erTad.<br />
31
ac Seexeba muxlis 8 sxva punqtebs, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebas ar gaaCnia didi kompetencia mozrdilTa<br />
(arasauniversiteto) g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sistemaSi, SesaZlebelia muxli 8.1v (iii)<br />
gzis gamoyeneba, (e.i. <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis, rogorc<br />
mozrdilTa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>grZobiTi swavlebis sagnad SeTavazeba). muxlebis 8.1a <strong>da</strong><br />
8.1v <strong>da</strong>nergvis saWiroebis gaTvaliswinebiT, muxli 8.1T aseve aucilebelia,<br />
vinai<strong>da</strong>n uzrunvelyofs qartiis nawili III-iT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli enebis efeqtur<br />
swavlebas.<br />
un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si garkveuli Zalisxmeva iqna<br />
mimarTuli <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze swavlebis xelSesawyobad; ilia WavWavaZis<br />
ucxo enaTa fakultetze funqcionirebs somxuri, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong><br />
rusuli enebis seqtorebi, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d imaTTvis, vinc araqarTul skolebSi<br />
maswavleblad apirebs muSaobas. 15 <strong>an</strong>alogiurad, muxli 8.1i, romelic<br />
mouwodebs Seiqmnas “saze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelo org<strong>an</strong>o <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>oebi, romlebic<br />
pasuxismgebelni iqnebi<strong>an</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavlebis<br />
SemoRebisa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis sferoSi moRweuli progresis monitoringze <strong>da</strong><br />
maT mier mokvleuli Sedegebis Sesaxeb peroduli moxsenebebis Sedgenaze,<br />
romlebic SemdgomSi sajarod gamoqveyndeba” ar Seicavs araviTar<br />
winaaRmdegobebs <strong>da</strong> misi g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba mxolod gazrdis gatarebuli<br />
zomebis efeqturobas. <strong>da</strong> bolos, muxli 8..2, romelic iTvaliswinebs nawili<br />
III-iT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis xelSewyobas<br />
teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c es enebi tradiciulad ar gamoiyeneba, SeiZleba<br />
gamoyenebul iqnas im SeTxvevaSi, Tu “regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze<br />
molaparake pirTa raodenoba amas amarTlebs”. iseve, rogorc zemoT, es ar<br />
un<strong>da</strong> warmoadgendes problemas qarTuli samTavrobo struqturebisTvis.<br />
15 sadReisod azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul seqtorze swavlobs 17 studenti; 19 eTnikuri somexi <strong>da</strong> 53 sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />
erovnebis studenti swavlobs somxur <strong>da</strong> rusul seqtorebze. sul ramdenime wlis winaT umaRlesi<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis TiTqmis yvela <strong>da</strong>wesebulebaSi funqcionireb<strong>da</strong> rusuli fakultetebi, 2005 wels es<br />
fakultetebi <strong>da</strong>ixura, oficialuri mizeziT, moTxovnis ararsebobis gamo.<br />
32
amdenad, muxli 8-is 10 punqti<strong>da</strong>n SesaZlebelia <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m<br />
<strong>da</strong>amtkicos rva <strong>an</strong> cxra punqti (Tu CavTvliT muxls 8.1v iii.), qvemo qarTlsa<br />
<strong>da</strong> javaxeTSi mcxovrebi azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri Temebis<br />
warmomadgenelTa integraciis <strong>da</strong>ubkroleblad. muxli 8, saT<strong>an</strong>ado<br />
amoqmedebis SemTxvevaSi (e.i. gzebis ii SerCevisas) xels Seuwyobs orenovnebis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebas <strong>da</strong> oficialuri enis ara <strong>da</strong>brkolebas, aramed swavlebas<br />
araqarTvelebisTvis adreuli asaki<strong>da</strong>n. muxlSi 8 arsebobs erTaderTi<br />
punqti, romlis amoqmedeba jerjerobiT miz<strong>an</strong>Sewonilia ga<strong>da</strong>idos (muxli<br />
8.1z) <strong>da</strong> igi exeba istoriis <strong>da</strong> kulturis swavlebas imgvarad, rogorc es<br />
aisaxa regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze. istoriis swavleba samxreT<br />
kavkasiaSi Zalze sakamaTo sakiTxia <strong>da</strong> xSirad gamoiyenebo<strong>da</strong> ama Tu im<br />
erovnuli jgufis eTno-nacionalisturi miswrafebebis gasamarTleblad.<br />
amdenad, istorikosTa Soris zogadi konsensusis miRwevamde albaT upri<strong>an</strong>i<br />
iqneba ga<strong>da</strong>idos am muxlis ratificireba, raTa ar gaRvivdes x<strong>an</strong>grZlivi<br />
istoriuli SeuT<strong>an</strong>xmeblobebi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva konkretul sakiTxebT<strong>an</strong><br />
mimarTebaSi.<br />
2. marTlmsajulebis sistema<br />
qartiis muxlSi 9 mocemulia RonisZiebaTa CamonaTvali (romelTag<strong>an</strong> zogi<br />
Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT mokrZalebulia), romlebic exeba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis gamoyenebas sisxlis samarTlis, samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong> adminsitraciuli<br />
samarTlis warmoebaSi. rogorc aucilebel minimums, muxli moiTxovs, rom<br />
sasamarTlo warmoebSi monawile mxareebs im teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
gamoiyeneba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi, mieceT TviTgamoxatulebis<br />
saSualeba mSobliur enebze <strong>da</strong> am uflebis mosapoveblad ar <strong>da</strong>sWirdeT<br />
<strong>da</strong>matebiTi xarjebis gaReba. es, rasakvirvelia, ar niSnavs imas, rom<br />
oficialuri ena kargavs sasamarTlo sistemaSi gamoyenebul oficialuri<br />
enis statuss.<br />
33
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxevaSi muxlSi 9 mocemuli eqvsi punqti<strong>da</strong>n xuTis –<br />
muxli9.1a(ii), muxli9.1b(ii), muxli9.1g(ii), muxli9.1d(ii) <strong>da</strong> muxli9.3 amoqmedeba<br />
<strong>da</strong>kaSirebulia ramodenime teqnikur problemasT<strong>an</strong>. muxlebSi 9.1a(ii),<br />
muxli9.1b(ii), muxli9.1g(ii)) <strong>da</strong> muxli9.1d(ii) mocemuli moTxovnebi<br />
gaTvaliswinebulia arsebuli k<strong>an</strong>onmdeblobiT. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s konstituciis<br />
T<strong>an</strong>axmad (muxli 85.2), samarTalwarmoebisas “piri, romelmac ar icis<br />
saxelmwifo ena, uzrunvelyofili un<strong>da</strong> iyos Tarjimnis momsaxurebiT” <strong>da</strong><br />
konstituciiT <strong>da</strong>dgenili es punqti aseve g<strong>an</strong>mtkicebulia 1997 wlis k<strong>an</strong>oniT<br />
“zogadi sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb” (muxli 10), romelic aseve azustebs, rom<br />
“Targm<strong>an</strong>T<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli <strong>da</strong>naxarjebi <strong>da</strong>ifareba saxelmwifo<br />
biujeti<strong>da</strong>n”. es k<strong>an</strong>oni moicavs samarTlis, samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong> administraciul<br />
samarTalwarmoebas. Tumca, muxlSi 9 mocemul Sesabamis punqtebs aseve exeba<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis muxli 73.4-is Sesworebebi<br />
(miRebulia 1999 wels, ZalaSi Sevi<strong>da</strong> 2000 wels), romelic, moiTxova ra, rom<br />
“im SemTxvevaSi, Tu g<strong>an</strong>acxadi <strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>interesebuli mxaris mier<br />
[administraciuli samarTalwarmoebisTvis] warmodgenili sxva dokumenti ar<br />
aris Sesrulebuli saxelmwifo enaze, mxarem un<strong>da</strong> warmoadginos misi<br />
notarialuri wesiT <strong>da</strong>mowmebuli Targm<strong>an</strong>i”, faqtobrivad, gulisxmobs, rom<br />
administraciul samarTalwarmoebaSi Targm<strong>an</strong>ze pasuximsmgebloba <strong>da</strong><br />
xarjebi ekisreba regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze molaparake pirs. ufro<br />
metic, konstituciiT gaTvaliswinebuli muxli 85.2, romelic gulisxmobs<br />
imas, rom “pirebi, romlebmac ar ici<strong>an</strong> saxelmwifo ena, samarTalwarmoebisas<br />
uzrunvelyofili iqnebi<strong>an</strong> Tarjimnis momsaxurebiT”, kidev ufro<br />
gaRrmavebulia qartiis muxliT 9, romlic T<strong>an</strong>axmad, sasamarTlo saqmis<br />
warmoebaSi monawile mxareebma SeiZleba gamoiyenon Sesabamisi <strong>regionaluri</strong><br />
<strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> ena im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu am mxareebma ici<strong>an</strong> saxelmwifo<br />
ena.<br />
muxli 9.3, romelic iTvaliswinebs iuridiuli dokumentebis somxur <strong>da</strong><br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul enebze Targmnis uzrunvelyofas, aseve ar aris problematuri.<br />
qarTuli k<strong>an</strong>onmdeblobis codnis donis amaRleba qvemo qarTlsa <strong>da</strong> samcxe-<br />
34
javaxeTSi kompaqturad <strong>da</strong>saxlebul azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur Temebs Soris<br />
mxolod gazrdi<strong>da</strong> <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi am Temebis<br />
warmomadgenelTa monawileobis xarisxs. marTlac, es uk<strong>an</strong>askneli<br />
warmoadgens kidec rigi qarTuli arasamaTavrobo org<strong>an</strong>izaciebis miz<strong>an</strong>s <strong>da</strong><br />
erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> kompaqturi <strong>da</strong>saxlebis adgilebSi am mizniT<br />
saerTaSoriso donorebic muSaoben.<br />
muxlSi 9 mxolod muxli 9.2 SeiZleba iyos ramdenadme<br />
winaaRmdegobrivi, vinai<strong>da</strong>n gulisxmobs regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
Sedgenili iuridiuli dokumentebis legalizacias. am punqtma SeiZleba<br />
gamoiwvios oponireba qarTuli samTavrobo struqturebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n, im<br />
mizeziT, rom SeiZleba safrTxe Seeqmnas qarTuls, rogorc oficialur<br />
saxelmwifo enas.<br />
3. saxelmwifo xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebi<br />
muxlis 10 g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebisas, romelic sajaro samsaxurSi regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enis gamoyenebas Seexeba, arsebobs ori SesaZlo midgoma.<br />
ufro metad ambiciuri midgoma iqnebo<strong>da</strong> nawili III-iT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli<br />
enebisTvis erTgvari kvazi-oficialuri statusis miniWeba im geografiuli<br />
regionebis administraciul org<strong>an</strong>oebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c es enebi farTod gamoiyeneba.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si es gza Zalze Tamam midgomad CaiTvlebo<strong>da</strong> im mizeziT, rom<br />
<strong>da</strong>knindebo<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo enis roli. Tumca, muxlis 10 qvepunqtebi ar<br />
moiTxovs amgvar midgomas; es punqtebi gulisxmobs imas, rom <strong>regionaluri</strong><br />
<strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas adgilobriv<br />
xelisuflebasa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebas Soris urTierTobisas. rogorc vurlingi<br />
aRniSnavs, Cven un<strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>vasxvavoT adgilobrivi xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebsa<br />
<strong>da</strong> sazogadoebas Soris gare urTierTobebisas <strong>da</strong> adgilobrivi<br />
administraciis org<strong>an</strong>oebs Soris Si<strong>da</strong> urTierTobebisas gamoyenebuli ena.<br />
momdevno g<strong>an</strong>sxvaveba un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>dgindes adgilobrivi xelisuflebis<br />
35
warmomadgenlobiT <strong>da</strong> aRmasrulebel org<strong>an</strong>oebs Soris. 16 muxlis 10<br />
gamoyenebis Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT SezRuduli vari<strong>an</strong>ti iqnebo<strong>da</strong>: a) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis ufleba adgilobrivi xelisuflebis<br />
org<strong>an</strong>oebsa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebas Soris gare urTierTobebisas, magram ara<br />
aucileblad - adgilobrivi administraciis org<strong>an</strong>oebs Soris Si<strong>da</strong><br />
urTierTobebisas; <strong>da</strong> b) am enebis gamoyenebis ufleba adgilobrivi<br />
xelisuflebis warmomadgenlobiT org<strong>an</strong>oebSi, magram ara aucileblad –<br />
aRmasrulebel org<strong>an</strong>oebSi. Eamgvari midgoma arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar<br />
<strong>da</strong>akninebs saxelmwifo enas <strong>da</strong> SeiZleba warmatebiT iqnas gamoyenebuli<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxvevaSi, qarTuli enis adgilobrivi xelisuflebis<br />
org<strong>an</strong>oebSi gamoyenebisTvis zi<strong>an</strong>is miyenebis gareSe.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong> advilad Seasrulebs yvela pirobas zemoTaRniSnuli,<br />
ufro metad SezRuduli midgomis gamoyenebiT, rac gulisxmobs muxli 10-is<br />
TxuTmeti punqti<strong>da</strong>n cxra punqtis Sesrulebas, kerZod, 10.1a ii., 10.1b, 10.2b,<br />
10.2d, 10.2z, 10.2z, 10.3, 10.4 <strong>da</strong> 10.5. aq yvelaze metad sayurdReboa muxlebi 10.1<br />
<strong>da</strong> 10.2 (a-v), romlebic exeba adgilobrivi administraciis org<strong>an</strong>oebSi<br />
urTierTobaTa enas <strong>da</strong> adgilobrivi xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebsa <strong>da</strong><br />
sazogadoebas Soris urTierTobebisas gamoyenebul enas. aq muxlebi 10.2g <strong>da</strong><br />
10.2e ar gamodgeba <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>sTvis, vinai<strong>da</strong>n aq adgilobriv<br />
TviTmmarTvelobaSi arsebobs arCeuli warmomadgenlebisg<strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>kompleqtebuli mxolod erTi Sre. 17 muxlSi 10.2 arsebuli es g<strong>an</strong>sxvaveba<br />
“regionalur” <strong>da</strong> “adgilobriv” struqturebs Soris amdenad ar gamodgeba<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxvevaSi (ix. <strong>da</strong>narTi 1). <strong>da</strong>matebiT am muxlebT<strong>an</strong>,<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m SeiZleba g<strong>an</strong>axorcielos muxli 10.2z (gulisxmobs<br />
geografiuli <strong>da</strong>saxelebebis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
gamoyenebis uflebas) <strong>da</strong> muxli 10.5 (gvarebis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebze gamoyenebis uflebas), vinai<strong>da</strong>n es nabijebi Seesatyviseba qartiis<br />
muxls 11, romelic <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m ukve <strong>da</strong>amtkica. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m aseve<br />
16<br />
vurlingi, <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> evropuli enebis evropuli qartia, kritikuli komentari, gv. 183<br />
17<br />
iqve, gv. 186.<br />
36
SeiZleba gamoiyenos qartiis muxli 10.3 (qvepunqti g), romelic saSualebas<br />
aZlevs regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparake pirebs Seit<strong>an</strong>on<br />
g<strong>an</strong>cxadi amave enebze im teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c es enebi farTod gamoiyeneba;<br />
<strong>da</strong> muxli 10.4 (qvepunqti a, b. <strong>da</strong> g), romelic gulisxmobs (orenov<strong>an</strong>i)<br />
personalis <strong>da</strong>niSvnas adgilobriv administraciul org<strong>an</strong>oebSi<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis codniT.<br />
rasakvirvelia, qartiis suliskveTebasT<strong>an</strong> SesabamisobaSi,<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebam un<strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>dgas aqtiuri nabijebi aRniSnuli<br />
RonisZiebebis saT<strong>an</strong>adod g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebisTvis. sak<strong>an</strong>onmdeblo cvlilebebis<br />
TvalsazrisiT aRniSnuli qvepunqtebis miReba moiTxovs Sesworebis Set<strong>an</strong>as<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s org<strong>an</strong>uli k<strong>an</strong>onis “adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis Sesaxeb”<br />
muxlSi 10 (miRebulia 2005 w)., romlis T<strong>an</strong>axmad, “adgilobrivi<br />
xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebis samuSao enas <strong>da</strong> saqmis warmoebis ena<br />
warmoadgens <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s saxelmwifo ena”. SesworebaSi un<strong>da</strong> aisaxos<br />
Sesabamisi gamonaklisi warmomadgenlobiT org<strong>an</strong>oebT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi. metic,<br />
muxlis 10.4 g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba moiTxovs <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebisg<strong>an</strong>,<br />
aqtiuri roli Seasrulos adgilobrivi administraciuli org<strong>an</strong>oebis<br />
kompetenturi orenov<strong>an</strong>i personaliT <strong>da</strong>kompleqtebaSi, xelisuflebis<br />
adgilobriv org<strong>an</strong>oebsa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebas Soris kavSirisa <strong>da</strong> Tarjimnebis<br />
uzrunvelyofis mizniT. rogorc winamdebare werilis avtorma wina<br />
werilSi aRniSna, aRniSnuli waaxalisebs orenov<strong>an</strong> g<strong>an</strong>aTlebas TemebSi,<br />
romelTa warmomadgenlebma ar icodnen <strong>da</strong> arc iyvnen <strong>da</strong>iteresebulni<br />
saxelmwifo enis SeswavliT. aseve, Seiqmneba orenov<strong>an</strong>i profesionalebis<br />
rezervi uwin marginalizebul eTnikur umciresobebSi. 18 yovelive es ki,<br />
sabolood, ki ar <strong>da</strong>abrkolebs, aramed gaaRrmavebs erovnuli integraciis<br />
process.<br />
18 ix. jonat<strong>an</strong> uitli, “<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis statusi <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si <strong>da</strong> sxva evropul qveynebSi<br />
arsebuli modelebis Sesabamisoba”, erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> evropuli centri, samuSao dokumenti<br />
#26, 2006 wlis marti - Jonath<strong>an</strong> Wheatley, “The Status of Minority L<strong>an</strong>guages in Georgia <strong>an</strong>d the Relev<strong>an</strong>ce of Models from<br />
Other Europe<strong>an</strong> States”, <strong>ECMI</strong> Working Paper #26 (March 2006). www.ecmi.de/download/working_paper_26.pdf.<br />
37
4. mediis saSualebebi<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebam ukve gamoxata masmediaSi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis survili. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s kulturis<br />
saministro afin<strong>an</strong>sebs gazeTebs <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze, rogoricaa<br />
somxurenov<strong>an</strong>i vrast<strong>an</strong>, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ulenov<strong>an</strong>i gurjist<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> rusulenov<strong>an</strong>i<br />
svobodnaia gruzia. ufro metic, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s k<strong>an</strong>onSi “mauwyeblobis<br />
Sesaxeb” 2008 wlis martSi Set<strong>an</strong>ili Sesworebebis T<strong>an</strong>axmad, sazogadoebrivi<br />
mauwyeblis <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 25% un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>ixarjos yofili samxreT oseTis<br />
avtonomiur olqT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikasT<strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli sakiTxebis irgvliv programebis momzadebaze, <strong>da</strong> aseve<br />
programebis mauwyeblobaze <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze.” es mimarTuleba<br />
<strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong>sturebulia agreTve <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s mier axlax<strong>an</strong>s miRebul<br />
“Semwynareblobisa <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo integraciis erovnul koncefciaSi”<br />
(<strong>da</strong>mtkic<strong>da</strong> <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s mTavrobis mier 2009 wlis 29 aprils). 19 2005<br />
wli<strong>da</strong>n <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s televiziis pirveli arxi mauwyeblobs sainformacio<br />
programas moambe afxazur, osur, somxur, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> rusul enebze<br />
kviraSi erTxel, 30 wuTis g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi (g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebul enaze yoveldRe,<br />
plius mokle sainformacio programa rusul enaze yoveldRiurad). aseve<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>icema radio ga<strong>da</strong>cemebi dRis g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi zemoTaRniSnul enebze,<br />
aseve kurm<strong>an</strong>ji (qurTul enaze). <strong>da</strong>matebiT, uk<strong>an</strong>asknel wlebSi eTerSi gadis<br />
rigi programebisa <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> sakiTxebze, maT Soris Toq-Sou italiuri<br />
ezo, Sou Cveni <strong>saqarTvelo</strong> <strong>da</strong> dokumenturi filmebis seria eTnikur<br />
umciresobebze (multieTnikuri <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>).<br />
un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebam mxari <strong>da</strong>uWira<br />
agreTve 2005 wels telekomp<strong>an</strong>ia al<strong>an</strong>ia TV-s Seqmnas, romlis miz<strong>an</strong>i iyo<br />
19<br />
toler<strong>an</strong>tulobis <strong>da</strong> samoqalaqo integraciis nacionaluri koncefcia, <strong>da</strong>mtkic<strong>da</strong> <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
mTavrobis mier 2009 wlis 29 aprils.<br />
38
informaciis gavrceleba rusul unaze samxreT oseTis separatistuli<br />
regionis mosaxleobisTvis. al<strong>an</strong>ia TV dRemde mauwyeblobs. 20<br />
erovnuli koncefciis miRebasT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> zemoTaRniSnul sak<strong>an</strong>onmdeblo<br />
cvlilebebT<strong>an</strong> Sesabamisad, SemuSavebulia <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
mauwyeblobis wilis mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>i gazrdis gegmebi. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n sazogadoebriv mauwyeblobaSi<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis CarTvis survili aSkaraa, dRemde am<br />
mimarTulebiT ga<strong>da</strong>dgmuli konkretuli nabijebi arcTu ise bevria. sabWoTa<br />
periodi<strong>da</strong>n tradiciulad centraluri xelisuflebis <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>sebis qveS<br />
arsebuli, <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze gamocemuli gazeTebis <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>seba bolo<br />
wlebSi Semcir<strong>da</strong>. 21 rac Seexeba saxelmwifo televizias, misi Senat<strong>an</strong>i<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebaSi arcTu imdenad<br />
sagrZnobia; kerZod, moambis eTerSi gasvlis dro (15.00) Sorsaa praim-<br />
Taimi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> vinai<strong>da</strong>n informacia erT enaze kviraSi mxolod erTxel gadis,<br />
SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>vaskvnaT, rom misi moculoba Zalze mwiria. <strong>da</strong> bolos, al<strong>an</strong>ia<br />
TV-s <strong>da</strong>aarseba sakamaTo sag<strong>an</strong>ia, vinai<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebuli mosazrebiT, igi<br />
miznad isaxav<strong>da</strong> ara marto osuri enis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis xelSewyobas, aramed<br />
emsaxurebo<strong>da</strong> separatistuli reJimis sawinaaRmdego propag<strong>an</strong><strong>da</strong>s.<br />
nebismieri ga<strong>da</strong>dgmuli nabijiT <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisufleba<br />
a<strong>da</strong>sturebs, rom, faqtobirvad, ar ewinaaRmdegeba RonisZiebebs, romlebic<br />
emsaxureba masmediaSi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis ufro farTo<br />
<strong>da</strong>nergvas. metic, qartiis muxli 11 gulisxmobs kidev ufro meti stimulis<br />
micemas <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebisTvis, gaagrZelos wamowyebuli<br />
iniciativebi <strong>da</strong> waaxalisos sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli kidev ufro<br />
gaaRrmavos mcdelobebi am mimarTulebiT. kidev erTxel, saxelmwifos ar<br />
20 moli korso, “satelevizio mauwyebloba <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si misteriulia <strong>da</strong> badebs kiTxvebs”, evrazia<br />
insaiti, 2006 wlis 22 maisi (Moly Corso, ‘Television Station in Georgia Operates Mysteriously, Generates Controversy’<br />
(Eurasia Insight, 22 May 2006) http://www.eurasi<strong>an</strong>et.org/departiments/insight/articles/eav052206a.shtml<br />
21 mag., eTnikurad somexi parlamentaris v<strong>an</strong> baiburTis informaciiT (2006 wlis 27 i<strong>an</strong>vari), 2005 wels<br />
gazeTis vrast<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>sebam Seadgina 15.000 lari, maSin rodesac, Cveulebriv, gazeTis <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>seba<br />
Seadgen<strong>da</strong> 20.000 lars. http://www.media.ge/eng/news_detailed.php?id_numb=366<br />
39
sWirdeba regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze mauwyebeli tele <strong>da</strong> radio<br />
arxebis <strong>da</strong>arseba, sakmarisia is faqti, rom igi mxars uWers arsebul<br />
iniciativebs, miT umetes, rom mxar<strong>da</strong>Wera ar gamoixateba mxolod sityvebsa<br />
<strong>da</strong> cariel JestebSi.Uukve ga<strong>da</strong>dgmul nabijebT<strong>an</strong> SesabamisobaSi,<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebas SeuZlia imuSaos imis uzruvelyofaze, rom<br />
“teleradiomauwyeblebma warmoadginon programebi regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze” (muxli 11.1aiii), “waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon<br />
radioprogramebis mauwyeblobas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
regularul safuZvelze” (muxli11.1b ii), “waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon<br />
satelevizio programebis mauwyeblobas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebze regularul safuZvelze; (muxli 11.1g ii), ‘waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli<br />
Seuwyon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze audio <strong>da</strong> audiovizualuri<br />
naSromebis warmoebas <strong>da</strong> distribucias;” (muxli 11d), <strong>da</strong> “waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
xeli Seuwyon sagazeTo statiebis gamoqveynebas regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze regularul safuZvelze” (muxli 11e ii). muxlebi 11v <strong>da</strong><br />
11z, Seesabameba ra <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebis mier g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebul<br />
iniciativebs, gulisxmobs mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong> fin<strong>an</strong>sur <strong>da</strong>xmarebas, risi gaRebac<br />
SeiZleba rTuli aRmoCndes saxelmwifosTvis dRev<strong>an</strong>del rTul viTarebaSi.<br />
Tu ar CavTvliT am punqtebs, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m un<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>amtkicos muxlis 11.1<br />
Svidi punqti<strong>da</strong>n xuTi mainc.<br />
rac Seexeba muxls 11.2 radio <strong>da</strong> telemauwyeblobis <strong>da</strong> beWduri<br />
mediasaSuualebebis miRebis uzrunvelofis Sesaxeb tr<strong>an</strong>ssasazRvro<br />
konteqstSi, es piroba azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur umciresobebT<strong>an</strong><br />
mimarTebaSi <strong>da</strong>kmayofilebulia. samcxe-javaxeTsa <strong>da</strong> qvemo qarTlSi<br />
mcxovrebi mosaxleoba iRebs radio <strong>da</strong> teleprogramebs baqo<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong><br />
erevni<strong>da</strong>n. maSin rodesac es situacia zogierTis azriT (qarTuli mxri<strong>da</strong>n)<br />
aixsneba rogorc erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> qarTul sazogadoebaSi<br />
integrirebis Semaferxebeli tendencia, mediis <strong>da</strong> kulturis sferoSi<br />
politikis SemuSavebaze pasuxismgebelma pirebma ki ar un<strong>da</strong> SezRudon<br />
erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> mier msgavsi mauwyeblobis miReba, aramed, amis<br />
40
sapirispirod, moizidon <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>aintereson isini qarTuli mauwyeblobiT –<br />
rogorc saxelmwifo enis swavlebis, aseve (sa<strong>da</strong>c aucilebelia) qarTuli<br />
telega<strong>da</strong>cemebis Sesabamis <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze sinqronuli Targm<strong>an</strong>is<br />
uzrunvelyofiT.<br />
<strong>da</strong> bolos, muxli 11.3, romelic exeba regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebze molaparakeTa interesebis warmodgenas mediis Tavisuflebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
pluralizmis uzrunvelyofaze pasuxismgebel saxelmwifo org<strong>an</strong>oebSi – am<br />
muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli moTxovnis mokle droSi <strong>da</strong>kmayofileba<br />
SeiZleba problematuri aRmoCndes, vinai<strong>da</strong>n amgvari org<strong>an</strong>oebis Seqmnaze<br />
saubari naadrevia jer Tavad qarTulenov<strong>an</strong> mediasT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si Tavisufali <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli mediis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis<br />
istoria sul raRac aT wels iTvlis. amdenad, saxelmwifo struqturebis<br />
mxri<strong>da</strong>n jer kidev arsebobs sare<strong>da</strong>qcio politikaSi Carevis <strong>da</strong>, amdenad,<br />
mediis Tavisuflebis ara xelSewyobis, aramed SezRudvis tendencia. m<strong>an</strong>am,<br />
s<strong>an</strong>am es mdgomareoba normalizdeba naklebad savaraudoa, zemoTaRniSnulma<br />
nabijma raime Sedegi moit<strong>an</strong>os. jerjerobiT, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m SeiZleba<br />
<strong>da</strong>akmayofilos muxli 11-is cxra punqti<strong>da</strong>n eqvsi.<br />
5. kultura<br />
sabWoTa kavSiris dros arsebob<strong>da</strong> mTeli rigi kulturuli<br />
org<strong>an</strong>izaciebisa, romlebic warmoadgendnen <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si mcxovreb<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs <strong>da</strong> kulturebs. amdenad, arsebobs<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze mimdinare kulturul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa<br />
mxar<strong>da</strong>Weris precedenti. mTavari problema aq isaa, rom sabWoTa kavSiris<br />
<strong>da</strong>Slisa <strong>da</strong> misi T<strong>an</strong>amdevi ekonomikuri krizisis Sedegad umravlesoba<br />
aRniSnuli org<strong>an</strong>izaciebisa <strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>iSala, <strong>an</strong> funqionaluroba <strong>da</strong>karga<br />
<strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>sebis ararsebobis gamo. naTelia, rom saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>sebis<br />
ararsebobisas/SezRudvisas prioritetulad kulturul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa<br />
41
fin<strong>an</strong>suri mxar<strong>da</strong>Wera naklebad savaraudoa. amdenad, fin<strong>an</strong>suri problemis<br />
gar<strong>da</strong>, principulad, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s saxelisuflo org<strong>an</strong>oebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n raime<br />
sxva saxis winaaRmdegobas adgili ar aqvs qartiis muxli 12-is mTxovnebT<strong>an</strong><br />
mimarTebaSi.<br />
faqtobrivad, qarTuli saxelmwifo struqturebis mxri<strong>da</strong>n arsebobs<br />
myari mizezebi, raTa SesaZleblobaTa farglebSi moxdes kulturis sferos<br />
mxar<strong>da</strong>Wera rogorc qarTul, aseve azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur enebze.<br />
upirveles yovlisa, aqcenti keTdeba kulturul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa xelSewyobaze,<br />
romlebic ar aris <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli did fin<strong>an</strong>sur <strong>da</strong>naxarjebT<strong>an</strong>. mxolod<br />
muxli 12.1T moixseniebs fin<strong>an</strong>sur sakiTxs <strong>da</strong> principSi, am qvepunqtiT<br />
gaTvaliswinebul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa <strong>da</strong>fin<strong>an</strong>seba SeiZleba ga<strong>da</strong>idos ekonomikuri<br />
mdgomareobis gaumjobesebamde. meore mxriv, muxli 12-is zogi punqti<br />
Seicavs zomebs, romlebic pir<strong>da</strong>pir emsaxureba samoqalaqo intgraciis<br />
miznebs. kerZod, muxli 12.1b <strong>da</strong> g, rac gulisxmobs saTargm<strong>an</strong>o, dublirebis,<br />
post-sinqronizaciisa <strong>da</strong> subtitrirebis saqmi<strong>an</strong>obisaTvis <strong>da</strong>xmarebis<br />
gawevas qarTulenov<strong>an</strong>i mosaxleobisTvis azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur enebze<br />
Seqmnili naSromebisadmi xelmisawvdomobisa <strong>da</strong> aseve, qarTuli filmebisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> literaturis azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxurenov<strong>an</strong>i mosaxleobisTvis<br />
xelmisawvdomobis mizniT – <strong>da</strong>exmareba mosaxleobis umravlesobisa <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> Temebis <strong>da</strong>axloebas. metic, g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba muxlSi 12.1e<br />
aRwerili zomebisa, romelTa gatareba miz<strong>an</strong>Sewonilia im mizniT, rom<br />
kulturul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa g<strong>an</strong>maxorcielebel saxelwifo org<strong>an</strong>oebSi<br />
muSaobdes Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze molaparake<br />
personali, xels Seuwyobs orenovnebis g<strong>an</strong>viTarebas <strong>da</strong> droTa<br />
g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi, saxelmwifoSi orenov<strong>an</strong>i inteligenciis Camoyalibebas,<br />
romelmac SeiZleba Seasrulos qarTul <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> kulturebs Soris<br />
<strong>da</strong>makavSirebeli xidis roli. amdenad, muxli 12-Si moyv<strong>an</strong>ili zomebis<br />
Sesrulebam SeiZleba integratiuli roli iTamaSos qarTul<br />
sazogadoebaSi. SezRuduli fin<strong>an</strong>suri resursebiTac ki <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
SeuZlia muxli 12-Si moyv<strong>an</strong>ili yvela punqtis Sesruleba, gar<strong>da</strong> 12.1T<br />
qvepunqtisa (e.i. Sesrulebas eqvemdebareba aTi punqti<strong>da</strong>n cxra).<br />
42
6. ekonomikuri saqmi<strong>an</strong>obebi<br />
rogorc vurlingi aRniSnavs, muxli 13, romelic exeba regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebas ekonomikur <strong>da</strong> socialur saqmi<strong>an</strong>obebSi,<br />
emsaxureba or ZiriTad miz<strong>an</strong>s: pirveli – SezRudvebis aRmofxvra<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebasT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT socialur<br />
<strong>da</strong> ekonomikur sferoebSi, <strong>da</strong> meore – im saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaTa mxar<strong>da</strong>Wera, romlebic<br />
waaxalisebs regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebas am sferoebSi 22 .<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxvevaSi pirveli miznis miRweva ufro advilia, vidre<br />
meoresi. amis mizezia is, rom sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>Slis Semdgom<br />
saxelmwifos gavlena <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s ekonomikaze ufro metad formaluria,<br />
vidre oficialuri <strong>da</strong> amdenad, saxelmwifos rolis institucionalizacia<br />
ekonomikur cxovrebaSi jer adreul etapebs iTvlis. amdenad, sadReisod,<br />
ekonomikuri saqmi<strong>an</strong>obebis g<strong>an</strong>maxorcielebeli instituciebis Si<strong>da</strong><br />
regulirebis Sesacvlelad muxlebiT 13.1b, 13.1g, 13.1d, 13.2a <strong>an</strong>d 13.2b<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli konkretuli zomebis SemoReba naklebad moit<strong>an</strong>s Sedegs.<br />
muxli 13.2e, romelic emsaxureba informaciis gavrcelebas regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze momxmarebelTa uflebebis sferoSi, savaraudod, aseve<br />
arapraqtikulia, zoga<strong>da</strong>d “momxmarebelTa uflebebis” cnebis irgvliv<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s mosaxleobis naklebad gacnobierebulobis gamo. Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT<br />
advilad Sesasrulebeli moTxovnebi mocemulia muxlSi 13.1a, romelic<br />
iTvaliswinebs imgvari k<strong>an</strong>onmdeblobis gauqmebas, romelic krZalavs <strong>an</strong><br />
zRu<strong>da</strong>vs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebas dokumentebSi,<br />
romlebic exeba ekonomikur <strong>an</strong> socialur cxovrebas; muxli 13.2.g, romelic<br />
iTvaliswinebs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis<br />
uzrunvelyofas socialuri <strong>da</strong>cvis <strong>da</strong>wesebulebebSi, rogoricaa<br />
saavadmyofoebi; <strong>da</strong> muxli 13.2.d, romelic iTvaliswinebs, rom usafrTxoebis<br />
instruqciebi Sedgenil iqnas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze im<br />
22 vurlingi, <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> evropuli enebis evropuli qartia, kritikuli komentari, gv. 224 -<br />
Woehrling, The Europe<strong>an</strong> Charter for Regional <strong>an</strong>d Minority L<strong>an</strong>guages: A Critical Commentary, 224.<br />
43
teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c es enebi farTod gamoiyeneba. amdenad, <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s<br />
SeuZlia Seasrulos muxli 13-is cxra punqti<strong>da</strong>n sami.<br />
7. sazRvarTSorisi gacvlebi<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s uaxlesi istorii<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, kerZod ki, samxreT<br />
oseTsa <strong>da</strong> afxazeTSi 1990 wlebis samoqalaqo omebiT gamowveulma<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s iurisdiqciis <strong>da</strong>kargvam sazRvarTSorisi gacvlebis sakiTxi<br />
metad problematuri gaxa<strong>da</strong>. es sakiTxi aseve arsebiTia samcxe-javaxeTisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> qvemo qarTlis azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxurenov<strong>an</strong> mosaxleobasT<strong>an</strong><br />
mimarTebaSi, romlebic esazRvrebi<strong>an</strong> sakuTar monaTesave saxelmwifoebs. am<br />
Temebis geografiuli g<strong>an</strong>Tavseba, iredentizmis SiST<strong>an</strong> erTad niSnavs, rom<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisufleba Tavs Seikavebs sazRvarTSorisi gacvlebis<br />
xelSwyobisken mimarTuli zomebis gatarebisg<strong>an</strong> - erTi mxri<strong>da</strong>n<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si mcxovreb azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxurenov<strong>an</strong> lingvistur<br />
umciresobebsa <strong>da</strong> meore mxri<strong>da</strong>n, azerbaij<strong>an</strong>sa <strong>da</strong> somxeTSi mcxovreb<br />
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur enebze molaparake mosaxleobas Soris. T<strong>an</strong>ac,<br />
un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom amgvari gacvlebi mainc iwarmoeba <strong>da</strong> swored es badebs<br />
SiSs, rom es umciresobebi ufro ukeT ari<strong>an</strong> integrirebuli Tavi<strong>an</strong>T<br />
monaTesave qveynebis socialur <strong>da</strong> kulturul cxovrebaSi, vidre<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s socialur <strong>da</strong> kulturul cxovrebaSi. amdenad, am etapze<br />
aRniSnuli zomebis gatareba CaiTvleba integraciis sawinaaRmdegod<br />
mimarTul qmedebad. amasT<strong>an</strong>, arsebuli kavSirebis sixSiris<br />
gaTvaliswinebiT, amgvari zomebis gatareba zedmetic kia. amdenad, naklebad<br />
savaraudoa, rom <strong>saqarTvelo</strong> sakuTar Tavze aiRebs muxlSi 14 moyv<strong>an</strong>ili<br />
punqtebis Sesrulebas.<br />
8. nawili III-is gamoyenebis Sejameba<br />
am nawilSi me gamovavline, Tu rogorc SeiZleba <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m miusa<strong>da</strong>gos<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartiis nawili III<br />
44
azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli <strong>da</strong> somxuri enebis <strong>da</strong>cvas, samoqalaqo integraciisa <strong>da</strong><br />
‘demosis’ konsoli<strong>da</strong>ciis ideebisadmi zi<strong>an</strong>is miyenebis gareSe, rac efuZneba<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si mcxovrebi yvela moqalaqis, <strong>da</strong> ara erTi erovnebiT<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli Temis - sazogadoebriv gaerTi<strong>an</strong>ebas. piriqiT, nawili III-is<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebis Sedegad SeiZleba xeli Seewyos integraciis processs<br />
orenov<strong>an</strong>i g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis SemoRebiT adreuli asaki<strong>da</strong>n, <strong>da</strong> orenov<strong>an</strong>i<br />
inteligenciis CamoyalibebiT – romelsac Seadgenen <strong>da</strong>saqmebuli<br />
maswavleblebi, mTargmnelebi <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebasT<strong>an</strong> urTierTobebze<br />
pasuxismgebeli pirebi. amgvari nabijebi, imedia, erTm<strong>an</strong>eTT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>aaxlovebs<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si mcxovreb g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebul lingvistur Temebs. <strong>da</strong>skvnis saxiT<br />
min<strong>da</strong> avRniSno, rom <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>m SeiZleba miiRos qartiis nawili III-is 42<br />
punqti, rac 7 punqtiT aRemateba aucilebel minimums - 35 punqts. esenia:<br />
muxlebi 8.1a (ii), 8.1b (ii), 8.1g (ii), 8.1d (ii), 8.1e (ii), 8.1T, 8.1i, 8.2, 9.1a (ii), 9.1b (ii), 9.1g<br />
(ii), 9.1d, 9.3, 10.1a (ii)., 10.1b, 10.2b, 10.2d, 10.2v, 10.2z, 10.3, 10.4a, 10.4b, 10.4g, 10.5, 11.1a<br />
(iii), 11.1b (ii), 11.1g (ii), 11d, 11e (i), 11.2, 12.1a, 12.1b, 12.1g, 12.1d, 12.1e, 12.1v 12.1z, 12.2,<br />
12.3, 13.1a, 13.2g <strong>an</strong>d 13.2d. es saSualebas miscems <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s xelisuflebas<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>wyvitos, Tu ramdeni punqtis miReba surs sabolood, g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT ki<br />
imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom azerbaij<strong>an</strong>ul <strong>da</strong> somxur enebT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi<br />
SesaZloa g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebuli modulebis ratificireba, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu<br />
xelisufleba <strong>da</strong> Sesabamisi lingvisturi jgufebis warmomadgenlebi<br />
eT<strong>an</strong>xmebi<strong>an</strong> g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebul mdgomareobas aRniSnul or enasT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi.<br />
IV. <strong>da</strong>skvna<br />
winadebare naSromSi me gamovavline, Tu rogor Seuwyobs xels<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartia ara mxolod gaqrobis<br />
winaSe mdgari, yvelaze mcirericxov<strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis <strong>da</strong>cvas, aramed<br />
moaxdens <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT farTod gamoyenebadi - azerbaij<strong>an</strong>uli<br />
<strong>da</strong> somxuri enebis institucionalizacias samoqalaqo integraciis saboloo<br />
miznisTvis zi<strong>an</strong>is miyenebis gareSe.<br />
45
evr qvey<strong>an</strong>aSi, romlebmac ukve moaxdines qartiis ratificireba,<br />
oficialur enaze (enebze) laparakobs praqtikulad yvela moqalaqe.<br />
<strong>saqarTvelo</strong>Si ki, saxelmwifo enis arasakmarisma codnam <strong>da</strong>abrkola<br />
erovnul <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> integracia <strong>da</strong> gamoiwvia SiSi, rom “Cven, eri” cnebis<br />
matarebeli cnobierebis naklebobam SeiZleba Seaferxos<br />
saxelmwifoebriobis Camoyalibeba. <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s SemTxvevaSi, amdenad,<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis evropuli qartia gulmodgined un<strong>da</strong><br />
iqnas ga<strong>an</strong>alizebuli, raTa maqsimaluri <strong>da</strong>kvirvebis <strong>da</strong> zedmiwevniTi<br />
<strong>an</strong>alizis Sedegad sworad SeirCes qartiis nawili III-is Semadgeneli<br />
punqtebi imisTvis, raTa gatarebuli zomebis Sedegad erovnuli<br />
umciresobebis warmomadgenlebma ar <strong>da</strong>kargon qarTuli enis Seswavlis<br />
survili. rogorc wina nawilSi vaCvene, punqtebi SeiZleba SeirCes imgvarad,<br />
raTa ki ar Seferxdes, aramed xeli Seewyos samoqalaqo integracias <strong>da</strong><br />
saxelmwifo enis swavlebas imaTTvis, visTvisac qarTuli ena ar<br />
warmoadgens mSobliurs.<br />
fun<strong>da</strong>menturi gamowveva <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>sTvis, qartiis ratificirebamde<br />
periodSi, atarebs ufro metad fsiqologiur, vidre teqnikur xasiaTs.<br />
qartiis filosofia efuZneba im mosazrebas, rom <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi warmoadgens konkretuli qveynis erovnuli<br />
memkvidreobis nawils; rac ayalibebs qveynis moqalaqeobis swored<br />
samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong> ara eTnikuri niSniT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrul koncefcias, romlis<br />
<strong>da</strong>mkvidrebac iseT qveynebSi, rogoricaa <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c eTnikuri<br />
nacionalizmi istoriulad mZlavr mamoZravebel Zalas warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> -<br />
rTulia. gamowveva <strong>saqarTvelo</strong>s saxelmwifosa <strong>da</strong> qarTuli<br />
sazogadoebisTvis mdgomareobs im faqtis safuZvli<strong>an</strong>ad gaazrebasa <strong>da</strong><br />
gulwrfelad gacnobierebaSi, rom <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi<br />
warmoadgens kulturuli simdidris, <strong>da</strong> ara eTnikuri qarTvelebis<br />
interesebisadmi mimarTuli safrTxis gamoxatulebas.<br />
46
<strong>da</strong>narTi 1: evropuli qartia <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis<br />
Sesaxeb<br />
strasburgi, 2. X. 1992<br />
preambula<br />
qvemore xelmomweri evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebi, iTvaliswineben ra,<br />
rom evropis sabWos miz<strong>an</strong>ia mis wevrebs Soris ufro didi erTi<strong>an</strong>obis miRweva,<br />
kerZod, im idealebisa <strong>da</strong> principebis <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> realizaciis mizniT,<br />
romlebic warmoadgenen maT saerTo memkvidreobas;<br />
iTvaliswineben ra, rom evropis istoriuli <strong>regionaluri</strong> Tu <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis <strong>da</strong>cva, romelTag<strong>an</strong>ac zogierTs saboloo gaqroba emuqreba, xels uwyobs<br />
evropis kulturuli simdidrisa <strong>da</strong> tradiciebis SenarCunebasa <strong>da</strong><br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebas; iTvaliswineben ra, rom pirad <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis gamoyeneba warmoadgens xelSeuxebel<br />
uflebas, romelic Seesabameba samoqalaqo <strong>da</strong> politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb<br />
gaerTi<strong>an</strong>ebuli erebis saerTaSoriso paqtiT gaTvaliswinebul principebs <strong>da</strong><br />
aseve, evropis sabWos a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>is uflebaTa <strong>da</strong> ZiriTad TavisuflebebaTa <strong>da</strong>cvis<br />
konvenciis suliskveTebas;<br />
mxedvelobaSi iRben ra euTos mier Sesrulebul samuSaos, kerZod ki 1957 wlis<br />
helsinkis <strong>da</strong>skvniT aqtsa <strong>da</strong> 1990 wlis kopenhagenis Sexvedris dokuments; xazs<br />
usvamen ra kulturuli urTierTobebisa <strong>da</strong> mravalenovnebis Rirebulebas <strong>da</strong><br />
iTvaliswineben ra imas, rom <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis <strong>da</strong>cvam <strong>da</strong><br />
waxalisebam zi<strong>an</strong>i ar un<strong>da</strong> miayenos oficialur enebsa <strong>da</strong> maTi Seswavlis<br />
aucileblobas; acnobiereben ra, rom evropis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva qveynebsa <strong>da</strong><br />
regionebSi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis <strong>da</strong>cva <strong>da</strong> maTTvis xelis<br />
Sewyoba warmoadgens mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong> wvlils demkratiisa <strong>da</strong> kulturuli<br />
mravalferovnebis principebze <strong>da</strong>fuZnebuli evropis mSeneblobisaTvis,<br />
erovnuli suverenitetisa <strong>da</strong> teritoriuli mTli<strong>an</strong>obis \ farglebSi;<br />
mxedvelobaSi iReben ra specifikur pirobebsa <strong>da</strong> istoriul tradiciebs<br />
evropuli saxelmwifoebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva regionebSi, SeT<strong>an</strong>xmdnen Semdegze:<br />
nawili I<br />
muxli 1 – g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrebebi<br />
am qartiis miznebisaTvis:<br />
a) "<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi" niSnavs enebs, romlebic:<br />
i. tradiciulad gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> saxelmwifos Sesabamis teritoriaze am<br />
saxelmwifos moqalaqeebis mier, romlebic ricxobrivad ufro patara jgufs<br />
warmoadgenen, vidre am saxelmwifos <strong>da</strong>narCeni mosaxleoba; <strong>da</strong><br />
ii. g<strong>an</strong>sxvavdebi<strong>an</strong> saxelmwifos oficialuri enisag<strong>an</strong> (enebisag<strong>an</strong>); igi ar moicavs<br />
saxelmwifos oficialuri enis dialeqtebsa <strong>da</strong> arc migr<strong>an</strong>tebis enebs;<br />
47
) "teritoria, romelze<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis ena"<br />
niSnavs geografiul raions, sa<strong>da</strong>c aRniSnuli ena gamoxatvis saSualebas<br />
warmoadgens im raodenobis xalxisaTvis, rom am qartiiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>da</strong>mcavi <strong>da</strong> xelSemwyobi zomebis miReba gamarTlebuli iyos;<br />
g) "ara-teritoriuli enebi" niSnavs saxelmwifos moqalaqeebis mier<br />
gamoyenebul enebs, romlebic g<strong>an</strong>sxvavdebi<strong>an</strong> saxelmwifos <strong>da</strong>narCeni<br />
mosaxleobis mier gamoyenebuli enis <strong>an</strong> enebisag<strong>an</strong>, magram romlebic, Tumca<br />
tradiciulad gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> saxelmwifos teritoriaze, ver gaigivdebi<strong>an</strong><br />
romelime konkretul raionT<strong>an</strong>.<br />
muxli 2 – valdebuleb<strong>an</strong>i<br />
1. TiToeuli mxare valdebulebas iRebs gamoiyenos II nawilis debulebebi mis<br />
teritoriaze gamoyenebuli yvela regionuli <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis mimarT,<br />
romelic akmayofilebs 1-l muxlSi mocemul g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrebas.<br />
2. TiToeuli mxare valdebulebas iRebs, me-3 muxlis T<strong>an</strong>axmad ratifikaciis,<br />
miRebis <strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis dros g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli TiToeuli enis mimarT gamoiyenos<br />
qartiis III nawili<strong>da</strong>n SerCeuli ar<strong>an</strong>akleb oc<strong>da</strong>TxuTmeti punqti <strong>an</strong> qve-punqti,<br />
romelTa Soris arCeuli un<strong>da</strong> iyos me-8 <strong>da</strong> me-12 muxlebi<strong>da</strong>n ar<strong>an</strong>akleb sam-sami<br />
punqti <strong>da</strong> me-9, me-10, me-11 <strong>da</strong> me-13 muxlebis TiTo punqti mainc.<br />
muxli 3 - praqtikuli RonisZiebebi<br />
1. TiToeuli xelSemkvreli mxare saratifikacio, miRebis <strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis<br />
sigelSig<strong>an</strong>sazRvravs TiToeul regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enas <strong>an</strong><br />
oficialur enas, romelic mTels mis teritoriaze <strong>an</strong> teritoriis nawilSi<br />
naklebad aris gamoyenebuli <strong>da</strong> romelTa mimarTac moxdeba me-2 muxlis me-2<br />
punqtis Sesabamisad SerCeuli punqtebis gamoyeneba.<br />
2. nebismier mxares, mogvi<strong>an</strong>ebiT nebismier dros SeuZlia Seatyobinos<br />
generalur mdiv<strong>an</strong>s, rom igi iRebs qartiis nebismieri punqtis debulebebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
gamomdinare valdebulebebs, romlebic ar ari<strong>an</strong> g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrulni saratifikacio,<br />
miRebis <strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis sigelSi, <strong>an</strong> igi gamoiyenebs winamdebare muxlis 1-l<br />
punqts sxva regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> <strong>an</strong> sxva oficialuri enebis mimarT,<br />
romlebic naklebad gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> mis mTels teritoriaze <strong>an</strong> teritoriis<br />
nawilSi.<br />
3. wina punqtiT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli valdebulebebi g<strong>an</strong>ixileba ratifikaciis, miRebis<br />
<strong>an</strong> mowonebis Semadgenel nawilad <strong>da</strong> aqvs igive iuridiuli Zala Setyobinebis<br />
gagzavnis TariRi<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
muxli 4 - <strong>da</strong>cvis arsebuli reJimebi<br />
1. araferi, gaTvaliswinebuli am qartiiT, SeiZleba axsna-g<strong>an</strong>martebuli iqnas<br />
imgvarad, rom izRudebodes, <strong>an</strong> irRveodes a<strong>da</strong>mi<strong>an</strong>is uflebaTa evropuli<br />
konvenciiT uzrunvelyofili romelime ufleba.<br />
2. am qartiis debulebebi zegavlenas ar moaxdenen ufro xelsayrel<br />
debulebebze, romlebic exebi<strong>an</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis statuss<br />
<strong>an</strong> umciresobebisadmi kuTvnili pirebis samarTlebriv reJims, romelic<br />
SeiZleba arsebobdes xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi <strong>an</strong> uzrunvelyofili iyos<br />
Sesabamisi ormxrivi <strong>an</strong> mravalmxrivi saerTaSoriso SeT<strong>an</strong>xmebebiT.<br />
48
muxli 5 - arsebuli valdebuleb<strong>an</strong>i<br />
araferi, gaTvaliswinebuli am qartiiT, SeiZleba axsna-g<strong>an</strong>martebuli iqnas<br />
imgvarad, rom iZleodes raime saqmi<strong>an</strong>obaSi CarTvis <strong>an</strong> raime saqmi<strong>an</strong>obis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebis uflebas, rac winaaRmdegobaSi iqneba gaerTi<strong>an</strong>ebuli erebis<br />
qartiis miznebT<strong>an</strong> <strong>an</strong> saerTaSoriso samarTliT <strong>da</strong>dgenil sxva<br />
valdebulebebT<strong>an</strong>, saxelmwifoTa suverenitetisa <strong>da</strong> teritoriuli mTli<strong>an</strong>obis<br />
principis CaTvliT.<br />
muxli 6 – informacia<br />
mxareebi valdebulebas iReben ze<strong>da</strong>mxedveloba gauwion, rom Sesabamisi<br />
xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebi, org<strong>an</strong>izaciebi <strong>da</strong> pirebi informirebulni iyvnen am<br />
qartiiT <strong>da</strong>dgenili uflebebisa <strong>da</strong> movaleobebis Sesaxeb.<br />
nawili II<br />
me-2 muxlis 1-li punqtis Sesabamisad g<strong>an</strong>saxorcielebeli miznebi <strong>da</strong><br />
principebi<br />
muxli 7 - miznebi <strong>da</strong> principebi<br />
1. <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis mimarT, im teritoriebze, romlebze<strong>da</strong>c<br />
aseT enebs iyeneben <strong>da</strong> TiToeuli enis mdgomareobis Sesabamisad, mxareebi<br />
Tavi<strong>an</strong>Tpolitikas, k<strong>an</strong>onmdeblobasa <strong>da</strong> praqtikul saqmi<strong>an</strong>obas aageben Semdeg<br />
miznebsa <strong>da</strong> principebze <strong>da</strong>yrdnobiT:<br />
a) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis aRiareba kulturuli simdidris<br />
gamoxatulebad;<br />
b) TiToeuli <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis geografiuli arealis<br />
pativiscema imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom arsebuli <strong>an</strong> axali administraciuli<br />
<strong>da</strong>yofa <strong>da</strong>brkolebas ar warmoadgendes Sesabamisi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobis enis xelSewyobisaTvis;<br />
g) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis xelSesawyobad ga<strong>da</strong>mWreli moqmedebis<br />
aucileblobis aRiareba, maTi <strong>da</strong>cvis mizniT;<br />
d) zepiri <strong>da</strong> werilobiTi formiT, sajarod <strong>da</strong> pirad cxovrebaSi <strong>regionaluri</strong><br />
<strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis xelSewyoba <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> waxaliseba;<br />
e) qartiiT mocul sferoebSi regionul <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparake<br />
jgufebsa <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifoSi imave <strong>an</strong> msgavs enaze molaparake jgufebs Soris<br />
kavSiris SenarCuneba <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTareba, iseve, rogorc kulturuli<br />
urTierTobebis <strong>da</strong>myareba saxelmwifoSi sxva jgufebT<strong>an</strong>, romlebic iyeneben<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sxvavebul enebs;<br />
v) Sesabamisi formebisa <strong>da</strong> saSualebebis uzrunvelyofa yvela Sesabamis<br />
safexurze <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavlebisa <strong>da</strong> SeswavlisaTvis;<br />
z) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis Sesaswavlad pirobebis Seqmna im raionSi<br />
mocxovrebi pirebisaTvis, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba Sesabamisi ena, Tuki Sesabamisi<br />
pirebi ver saubroben am enaze <strong>da</strong> aqvT misi Seswavlis survili;<br />
T) universitetebsa <strong>an</strong> <strong>an</strong>alogiur institutebSi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebis Seswavlisa <strong>da</strong> gamokvlevis xelSewyoba;<br />
i) am qartiiT mocul sferoebSi tr<strong>an</strong>snacionaluri gacvlebis Sesabamisi<br />
formebis xelSewyoba, im <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis xelSesawyobad,<br />
romlebic identuri <strong>an</strong> msgavsi formiT gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> or <strong>an</strong> met saxelmwifoSi.<br />
2. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben aRkveTon, Tu jer ar aRukveTavT, regionalur<br />
<strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis mimarT nebismieri gaumarTlebeli gamorCeva,<br />
49
gamoricxva, SezRudva <strong>an</strong> upiratesobis miniWeba, romelic miznad isaxavs am<br />
enebis <strong>da</strong>cvisa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTarebisaTvis xelis SeSlas <strong>an</strong> safrTxeSi Cagdebas.<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis sasargeblod specialuri zomebis miReba,<br />
romlebic miznad isaxaven am enebze molaparakeTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>narCen mosaxleobas<br />
Soris T<strong>an</strong>asworobis xelSewyobas <strong>an</strong> romlebic saT<strong>an</strong>adod iReben<br />
mxedvelobaSi am enebis g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebul pirobebs, ar CaiTvleba diskriminaciis<br />
aqtad ufro gavrcelebul enebze molaparakeTa mimarT.<br />
3. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben Sesabamisi RonisZiebebiT xeli Seuwyon<br />
urTierTgagebas qveynis yvela lingvistur jgufs Soris <strong>da</strong> kerZod, Tavi<strong>an</strong>T<br />
qveynebSi uzrunvelyofili g<strong>an</strong>aTlebisa <strong>da</strong> profesiuli momzadebis miznebs<br />
Soris CarTon <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis mimarT pativiscema, gageba<br />
<strong>da</strong> toler<strong>an</strong>tuli <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba <strong>da</strong> aseve waaxalison masmedia imave miznebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>saxvisaTvis.<br />
4. <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis mimarT erovnuli politikis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sazRvrisas, mxareebi mxedvelobaSi miiReben am enebze molaparake jgufebis<br />
saWiroebebsa <strong>da</strong> maT mier gamoTqmul survilebs. waxalisdeba maT mier,<br />
aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, iseTi org<strong>an</strong>oebis Seqmna, romlebic, xelisuflebis<br />
org<strong>an</strong>oebs rCevebs miscemen regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebul<br />
yvela sakiTxze.<br />
5. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben arateritoriuli enebis mimarT mutatis<br />
mut<strong>an</strong>dis gamoiyenon, zemo 1 - 4 punqtebSi mocemuli principebi. amasT<strong>an</strong>, am<br />
enebT<strong>an</strong> mimarTebaSi, winamdebare qartiis asamoqmedeblad misaRebi zomebis<br />
xasiaTi <strong>da</strong> masStabi g<strong>an</strong>isazRvreba moqnili wesiT, aRniSnul enebze molaparake<br />
jgufebis saWiroebebisa <strong>da</strong> survilebis gaTvaliswinebiTa <strong>da</strong> maTi<br />
tradiciebisa <strong>da</strong> specifikuri Taviseburebebis pativiscemiT.<br />
nawili III<br />
me-2 muxlis me-2 punqtiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesabamisad <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis xelSewyobis zomebi<br />
muxli 8 – g<strong>an</strong>aTleba<br />
1. g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sferoSi mxareebi valdebulebas iReben im teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
aseTi enebi gamoiyeneba, am enaTag<strong>an</strong> TiToeulis mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />
<strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo enis (enebis) swavlebisaTvis zi<strong>an</strong>is miyenebis gareSe:<br />
a)<br />
i. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon skolamdeli g<strong>an</strong>aTleba Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze;<br />
ii. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon skolamdeli g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis arsebiTi nawili Sesabamis<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
iii. gamoiyenon zemo i <strong>da</strong> ii qve-punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi im<br />
moswavleTa mimarT mainc, romelTa ojaxebic iTxoven amas <strong>da</strong> romelTa<br />
raodenobac sakmarisad CaiTvleba; <strong>an</strong><br />
iv. Tu saxelmwifo xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebs ara aqvT pir<strong>da</strong>piri kompetencia<br />
skolamdeli g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sferoSi, xeli Seuwyon <strong>da</strong> waaxalison i-<strong>da</strong>n iii-mde<br />
qve-punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebis gamoyeneba;<br />
b)<br />
50
i. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi g<strong>an</strong>aTleba Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze;<br />
ii. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis arsebiTi nawili Sesabamis<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
iii. uzrunvelyon Sesabamisi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis <strong>da</strong>wyebiTi<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis programaSi CarTva mecadineobaTa g<strong>an</strong>rigis Semadgenel nawilad; <strong>an</strong><br />
iv. gamoiyenon i-<strong>da</strong>n iii-mde qve-punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi<strong>da</strong>n erTerTi<br />
im moswavleTa mimarT mainc, romelTa ojaxebic iTxoven amas <strong>da</strong> romelTa<br />
raodenobac sakmarisad CaiTvleba;<br />
g)<br />
i. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon saSualo g<strong>an</strong>aTleba Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze;<br />
ii. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon saSualo g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis arsebiTi nawili Sesabamis<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
iii. uzrunvelyon Sesabamisi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis saSualo<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis programaSi CarTva mecadineobaTa g<strong>an</strong>rigis Semadgenel nawilad; <strong>an</strong><br />
iv. gamoiyenon zemo i-<strong>da</strong>n iii-mde qve-punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
erT-erTi im moswavleTa mimarT mainc, romlebic, <strong>an</strong> saT<strong>an</strong>ado SemTxvevebSi,<br />
romelTa ojaxebic iTxoven amas <strong>da</strong> romelTa raodenobac sakmarisad<br />
CaiTvleba.<br />
d)<br />
i. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon teqnikuri <strong>da</strong> profesiuli g<strong>an</strong>aTleba Sesabamis<br />
regonalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon teqnikuri <strong>da</strong> profesiuli g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis arsebiTi<br />
nawili Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
iii. teqnikuri <strong>da</strong> profesiuli g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sferoSi uzrunvelyon, rom Sesabamisi<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavleba iyos mecadineobaTa g<strong>an</strong>rigis<br />
Semadgeneli nawili; <strong>an</strong><br />
iv. gamoiyenon zemo i-<strong>da</strong>n iii-mde qve-punqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
erT-erTi im moswavleTa mimarT mainc, romlebic, <strong>an</strong> saT<strong>an</strong>ado SemTxvevebSi,<br />
romelTa ojaxebic iTxoven amas <strong>da</strong> romelTa raodenobac sakmarisad<br />
CaiTvleba.<br />
e)<br />
i. xelmisawvdomi gaxadon sauniversiteto <strong>da</strong> sxva saxis umaRlesi g<strong>an</strong>aTleba<br />
Sesabamis regionalur Tu <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. uzrunvelyon saSualebebi am enebis Sesaswavlad universitetis <strong>an</strong> umaRlesi<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis erT-erTi sagnis formiT;<br />
iii. Tuki umaRlesi g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis institutebis mimarT saxelmwifos rolis<br />
mizeziT ver moxerxdeba i <strong>da</strong> ii qve-punqtebis g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba, waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
neba <strong>da</strong>rTon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze sauniversiteto <strong>da</strong> sxva<br />
formis umaRlesi g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis miRebis <strong>an</strong> am enebis sauniversiteto <strong>an</strong> umaRlesi<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sagnebad swavlebis SesaZlebobebis uzrunvelyofas;<br />
v)<br />
i. miiRon zomebi mozrdilTaTvis <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis gagrZelebisaTvis kursebis<br />
Casatareblad, romlebSic swavleba mTli<strong>an</strong>ad <strong>an</strong> nawilobriv g<strong>an</strong>xorcieldeba<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze;<br />
ii. uzrunvelyon, rom aseTi enebi iyos mozrdilTa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>grZobiTi g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis<br />
sagnebi, <strong>an</strong>;<br />
51
iii. Tu xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebs pir<strong>da</strong>piri kompetencia ara aqvT mozrdilTa<br />
g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sferoSi, xeli Seuwyon <strong>da</strong> waaxalison, rom aseTi enebi<br />
warmoadgendnen mozrdilTa <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>grZobiTi g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis disciplinebs.<br />
z) miiRon zomebi, rom uzrunvelyofili iqnas im istoriisa <strong>da</strong> kulturis<br />
swavleba, romelic asaxulia regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaSi;<br />
T) uzrunvelyon maswavlebelTa ZiriTadi <strong>da</strong> Semdgomi profesiuli momzadeba,<br />
rac moiTxoveba im punqtebis g<strong>an</strong>saxorcieleblad, romlebic miRebulni ari<strong>an</strong><br />
mxaris mier a-<strong>da</strong>n g-mde punqtebs Soris.<br />
i) Seqmn<strong>an</strong> saze<strong>da</strong>mxedvelo org<strong>an</strong>o <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>oebi, romlebic pasuxismgebelni<br />
iqnebi<strong>an</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis swavlebis SemoRebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
g<strong>an</strong>viTarebis sferoSi moRweuli progresis monitoringze <strong>da</strong> maT mier<br />
mokvleuli Sedegebis Sesaxeb peroduli moxsenebebis Sedgenaze, romlebic<br />
SemdgomSi sajarod gamoqveyndebi<strong>an</strong>.<br />
2. rac Seexeba g<strong>an</strong>aTlebas im teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c tradiciulad ar<br />
gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi, mxareebi valdebulebas<br />
iReben neba <strong>da</strong>rTon, waaxalison <strong>an</strong> uzrunvelyon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebze <strong>an</strong> am enebis swavleba g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis yvela Sesabamis safexurze, Tu<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaze molaparakeTa raodenoba amas amarTlebs.<br />
muxli 9 - sasamarTlo org<strong>an</strong>oebi<br />
1. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben, im sasamarTlo olqebis mimarT, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
mcxovrebTa raodenoba, romlebic iyeneben regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs,<br />
amarTlebs qvemoT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli zomebis miRebas am enaTag<strong>an</strong> TiToeulis<br />
mdgomareobis Sesabamisad <strong>da</strong> im pirobiT, rom winamdebare punqtiT<br />
uzrunvelyofili SeRavaTebi mosamarTlis mier ar un<strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>ixilebodes<br />
iseTebad, romlebic abrkoleben marTlmsajulebis saT<strong>an</strong>adod g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebas:<br />
a) sisxlis samarTalwarmoebaSi:<br />
i. uzrunvelyon, rom sasamarTloebi erT-erTi mxaris TxovniT axorcielebdnen<br />
samarTalwarmoebas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
ii. braldebulisaTvis uzrunvelyon misi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis<br />
gamoyenebis ufleba; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
iii. uzrunvelyon, rom werilobiTi Tu zepiri Txovnebi <strong>da</strong> mtkicebulebebi ar<br />
g<strong>an</strong>ixilebodnen miuReblad mxolod im safuZvelze, rom isini<br />
formulirebulni ari<strong>an</strong> regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enaze; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
iv. Txovnis safuZvelze awarmoon samarTalwarmoebasT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli<br />
dokumentebi Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze, aucileblobis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, Tarjim<strong>an</strong>Ta <strong>da</strong> mTargmnelTa gamoyenebiT Sesabamis pirebze<br />
zedmeti xarjebis <strong>da</strong>kisrebis gareSe;<br />
b) samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebaSi:<br />
i. uzrunvelyon, rom sasamarTloebi erT-erTi mxaris TxovniT axorcielebdnen<br />
samarTalwarmoebas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
ii. neba <strong>da</strong>rTon, rom samarTalwarmoebis monawilis sasamarTloSi pira<strong>da</strong>d<br />
gamocxadebisas, mas SeeZlos misi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis gamoyeneba<br />
misTvis <strong>da</strong>matebiTi xarjebis <strong>da</strong>kisrebis gareSe; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
iii. neba <strong>da</strong>rTon, rom moxdes dokumentebisa <strong>da</strong> mtkicebulebebis warmoeba<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze, aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi Tarjim<strong>an</strong>Ta<br />
<strong>da</strong> mTargmnelTa gamoyenebiT;<br />
g) administraciul sakiTxebze samarTalwarmoebaSi:<br />
52
i. uzrunvelyon, rom sasamarTloebma erT-erTi mxaris TxovniT g<strong>an</strong>axorcielon<br />
samarTalwarmoeba regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
ii. neba <strong>da</strong>rTon, rom samarTalwarmoebis monawilis sasamarTloSi pira<strong>da</strong>d<br />
gamocxadebisas mas SeeZlos misi <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis gamoyeneba<br />
misTvis <strong>da</strong>matebiTi xarjebis <strong>da</strong>kisrebis gareSe; <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
iii. neba <strong>da</strong>rTon, rom moxdes dokumentebisa <strong>da</strong> mtkicebulebebis warmoeba<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze, aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, Tarjim<strong>an</strong>Ta<br />
<strong>da</strong> mTargmnelTa gamoyenebiT;<br />
d) ga<strong>da</strong>dg<strong>an</strong> nabijebi, raTa uzrunvelyon, rom zemo a <strong>da</strong> b punqtebis i <strong>da</strong> iii<br />
qvepunqtebisa <strong>da</strong> Tarjim<strong>an</strong>Ta <strong>da</strong> mTargmnelTa nebismier aucilebel gamoyenebas<br />
Sedegad ar mohyves <strong>da</strong>matebiTi xarjebis <strong>da</strong>kisreba Sesabamis pirebze.<br />
2. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben:<br />
a) ar uaryon saxelmwifoSi momzadebul sasamarTlo dokumentTa iuridiuli<br />
Zala mxolod imis gamo, rom, isini Sedgenilni ari<strong>an</strong> regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobis enaze; <strong>an</strong><br />
b) mxareebma Tavi<strong>an</strong>T Soris urTierTobebSi ar uaryon momzadebul sasamarTlo<br />
dokumentTa iuridiuli Zala mxolod imis gamo, rom isini Sedgenilni ari<strong>an</strong><br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaze <strong>da</strong> uzrunvelyon, rom maTi gamoyeneba<br />
SesaZlebeli iyos mesame mxareTa winaaRmdeg, romlebic ar iyeneben am enebs, im<br />
pirobiT, rom dokumentebis Sinaarsi un<strong>da</strong> gaecnoT maT im pirebis mier,<br />
romlebic moixmoben am dokuments; <strong>an</strong><br />
g) mxareebma Tavi<strong>an</strong>T Soris urTierTobebSi ar uaryon qvey<strong>an</strong>aSi momzadebul<br />
sasamarTlo dokumentTa iuridiuli Zala, mxolod im safuZvelze, rom isini<br />
Sedgenilni ari<strong>an</strong> regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaze.<br />
3. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben xelmisawvdomi gaxadon regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze yvelaze mniSvnelov<strong>an</strong>i erovnuli sak<strong>an</strong>onmdeblo teqstebi<br />
<strong>da</strong> kerZod, isini, romlebic exebi<strong>an</strong> am enebze molaparakeebs, Tuki am teqstebis<br />
mier sxva ram ar aris <strong>da</strong>dgenili.<br />
muxli 10 - xelisuflebis administraciuli org<strong>an</strong>oebi <strong>da</strong> saxelmwifo<br />
samsaxurebi<br />
1. saxelmwifos im administraciul raionebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c cxovrobs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobebis enebze molaparake mosaxleobis iseTi sakmarisi raodenoba,<br />
romelic amarTlebs qvemoT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli zomebis miRebas, <strong>da</strong> TiToeuli enis<br />
mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben, im zomiT, riTac<br />
es obieqturad SesaZlebeli iqneba:<br />
a)<br />
i. uzrunvelyon, rom xelisuflebis administraciulma erTeulebma gamoiyenon<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobebis enebi; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. uzrunvelyon, rom am org<strong>an</strong>oTa moxeleebma, romlebic kontaqtSi Sedi<strong>an</strong><br />
sazogadoebasT<strong>an</strong>, gamoiyenon <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi im pirebT<strong>an</strong><br />
urTierTobebSi, romlebic mimarTaven maT am enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
iii. uzrunvelyon, rom regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeebs<br />
SeZloT werilobiTi <strong>an</strong> zepiri mimarTvebis wardgena <strong>da</strong> am enebze Sedgenili<br />
pasuxebis miReba;<br />
iv. uzrunvelyon, rom regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeebs<br />
SeeZloT am enebze Sedgenili werilobiTi <strong>an</strong> zepiri mimarTvebis wardgena; <strong>an</strong><br />
v. uzrunvelyon, rom regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeebs<br />
SeeZloT am enebze Sedgenili dokumentis wardgena <strong>da</strong>dgenili wesiT;<br />
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) xelmisawvdomi gaxadon farTod gamoyenebuli administraciuli teqstebi <strong>da</strong><br />
formebi regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze <strong>an</strong> orenov<strong>an</strong>i versiebiT;<br />
g) neba <strong>da</strong>rTon xelisuflebis administraciul org<strong>an</strong>oebs Seadginon<br />
dokumentebi regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaze.<br />
2. xelisuflebis im adgilobriv <strong>da</strong> regionalur org<strong>an</strong>oTa mimarT, romelTa<br />
teritoriazec mosaxleobis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeTa<br />
raodenoba iseTia, rom amarTlebs qvemoT g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli zomebis miRebas,<br />
mxareebi valdebulebas iReben neba <strong>da</strong>rTon <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> waaxalison:<br />
a) regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyeneba xelisuflebis <strong>regionaluri</strong><br />
<strong>an</strong> adgilobrivi org<strong>an</strong>oebis saqmi<strong>an</strong>obis farglebSi;<br />
b) regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeTa SesaZlebloba<br />
waradginon am enebze Sedgenili zepiri <strong>an</strong> werilobiTi mimarTvebi;<br />
g) xelisuflebis <strong>regionaluri</strong> org<strong>an</strong>oebis mier maTi oficialuri<br />
dokumentebis gamoqveyneba Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebzec;<br />
d) xelisuflebis adgilobrivi org<strong>an</strong>oebis mier maTi oficialuri<br />
dokumentebis gamoqveyneba Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebzec;<br />
e) xelisuflebis <strong>regionaluri</strong> org<strong>an</strong>oebis mier maT Sekrebebze gamarTuli<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xilvebisas <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyeneba, amasT<strong>an</strong>,<br />
saxelmwifos oficialuri enis (enebis) gamoyenebis gamoricxvis gareSe;<br />
v) xelisuflebis adgilobrivi org<strong>an</strong>oebis mier maT Sekrebebze gamarTuli<br />
g<strong>an</strong>xilvebisas <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyeneba, amasT<strong>an</strong>,<br />
saxelmwifos oficialuri enis (enebis) gamoyenebis gamoricxvis gareSe;<br />
z) aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, oficialur enaze (enebze) saxelebT<strong>an</strong> erTad<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze adgilebis saxelwodebaTa tradiciuli <strong>da</strong><br />
swori formebis gamoyeneba <strong>da</strong> miReba.<br />
3. xelisuflebis administraciuli org<strong>an</strong>oebis <strong>an</strong> maTi saxeliT moqmedi<br />
pirebis mier uzrunvelyofili saxelmwifo samsaxurebis mimarT, mxareebi<br />
valdebulebas iReben, maTi teritoriis farglebSi, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi, TiToeuli enis mdgomareobis Sesabamisad<br />
<strong>da</strong> im zomiT, riTac es obieqturad SesaZlebeli iqneba:<br />
a) uzrunvelyon <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyeneba samsaxuris<br />
uzrunvelyofisas; <strong>an</strong><br />
b) neba <strong>da</strong>rTon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeebs waradginon<br />
Txovna <strong>da</strong> miiRon pasuxi am enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
g) neba <strong>da</strong>rTon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeebs waradginon<br />
am enebze Sedgenili Txovna.<br />
4. 1-li, me-2 <strong>da</strong> me-3 punqtebi<strong>da</strong>n maT mier miRebuli debulebebis<br />
asamoqmedeblad mxareebi valdebulebas iReben miiRon Semdegi erTi <strong>an</strong> meti<br />
zoma:<br />
a) ga<strong>da</strong>Targmna <strong>an</strong> Tarjimnoba, rodesac es moiTxoveba;<br />
b) saT<strong>an</strong>ado moxeleTa <strong>da</strong>saqmeba saxelmwifo samsaxurSi <strong>da</strong> aucileblobis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, maTi <strong>da</strong> sxva saxelmwifo moxeleTa profesiuli momzadeba;<br />
g) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis mcodne saxelmwifo samsaxuris moxeleTa<br />
Txovnebis maqsimalurad <strong>da</strong>kmayofileba maTi im teritoriaze <strong>da</strong>niSvnasT<strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba Sesabamisi ena.<br />
5. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben neba <strong>da</strong>rTon gvarebis gamoyenebasa <strong>da</strong> miRebas<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze, Sesabamisi pirebis Txovnis safuZvelze.<br />
muxli 11 – masmedia<br />
1. mxarebi valdebulebas iReben regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
molaparakeebisaTvis, im teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyeneba es enebi, TiToeuli<br />
54
enis mdgomareobis Sesabamisad <strong>da</strong> im zomiT, riTac xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebi<br />
pir<strong>da</strong>pir <strong>an</strong> arapir<strong>da</strong>pir kompetenturni ari<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> aqvT am sferoSi rolis<br />
Sesrulebis uflebamosileba, masmediis <strong>da</strong>moukideblobisa <strong>da</strong> avtonomiis<br />
principis pativiscemiT:<br />
a) im zomiT, riTac radio <strong>da</strong> televizia axorcieleben saxelmwifo samsaxuris<br />
funqciebs:<br />
i. uzrunvelyon Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTi radio sadgurisa <strong>da</strong> satelevizio arxis Seqmna<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTi radio sadgurisa <strong>da</strong> erTi<br />
satelevizio arxis Seqmnas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
iii. saT<strong>an</strong>adod uzrunvelyon, rom tele-radio mauwyeblobam warmoadginos<br />
programebi regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze;<br />
b)<br />
i. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTi radio sadgurisa <strong>da</strong> erTi<br />
satelevizio arxis Seqmnas regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon radio programebis mauwyeblobas<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze regularul safuZvelze;<br />
g)<br />
i. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon Tun<strong>da</strong>c erTi sarelevizio arxis Seqmnas<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze;<br />
ii. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon satelevizio programebis mauwyeblobas<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze regularul safuZvelze;<br />
d) waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze audio<br />
<strong>da</strong>audiovizualuri naSromebis warmoebas <strong>da</strong> distribucias;<br />
e)<br />
i. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze Tun<strong>da</strong>c<br />
erTi gazeTis Seqmnas <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> SenarCunebas; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon sagazeTo statiebis gamoqveynebas<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze regularul safuZvelze;<br />
v)<br />
i. <strong>da</strong>faron im masmediis <strong>da</strong>matebiTi xarjebi, romlebic iyeneben regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs, rodesac k<strong>an</strong>oniT zoga<strong>da</strong>d uzrunvelyofilia masmediis<br />
fin<strong>an</strong>suri <strong>da</strong>xmareba; <strong>an</strong><br />
ii. gamoiyenon fin<strong>an</strong>suri <strong>da</strong>xmarebis arsebuli zomebi regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze Seqmnili audiovizualuri nawarmoebebis mimarTac.<br />
z) mxari <strong>da</strong>uWiron im JurnalistTa <strong>da</strong> masmediis sxva moxeleTa profesiul<br />
momzadebas, romlebic iyeneben regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs.<br />
2. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben uzrunvelyon mezobeli qveynebi<strong>da</strong>n im enaze<br />
radio <strong>da</strong> telemauwyeblobis pir<strong>da</strong>piri miRebis Tavisufleba, romelic<br />
gamoiyeneba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis identuri <strong>an</strong> msgavsi formiT <strong>da</strong><br />
ar <strong>da</strong>abrkolon radio <strong>da</strong> satelevizio mauwyeblobis gadmocema mezobeli<br />
qveynebi<strong>da</strong>n aseT enaze. amas gar<strong>da</strong>, isini valdebulebas iReben uzrunvelyon,<br />
rom SezRudvebi ar iqnas <strong>da</strong>wesebuli gamoxatvis Tavisuflebaze <strong>da</strong> beWdviTi<br />
presis meSveobiT informaciis Tavisufal cirkulaciaze im enaze, romelic<br />
gamoiyeneba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enis identuri am msgavsi formiT.<br />
Zemoxsenebuli Tavisuflebebis g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba, imis gamo, rom igi Seicavs<br />
movaleobebsa <strong>da</strong> pasuxismgeblobas, SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>eqvemdebaros iseT<br />
formalobebs, pirobebs, SezRudvebs <strong>an</strong> s<strong>an</strong>qciebs, romlebic<br />
gaTvaliswinebulni ari<strong>an</strong> k<strong>an</strong>oniT <strong>da</strong> aucilebelni ari<strong>an</strong> demokratiul<br />
sazogadoebaSi erovnuli uSiSroebis, teritoriuli mTli<strong>an</strong>obis <strong>an</strong><br />
sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis interesebi<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare uwesrigobis <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>naSaulis prevenciisaTvis, j<strong>an</strong>mrTelobisa <strong>da</strong> moralis <strong>da</strong> sxvaTa<br />
55
uflebebisa <strong>da</strong> reputaciis <strong>da</strong>cvisaTvis, konfidencialurad miRebuli<br />
informciis gamJRavnebis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad, <strong>an</strong> sasamarTlos<br />
xelisuflebisa <strong>da</strong> miukerZoeblobis Ses<strong>an</strong>arCuneblad.<br />
3. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben uzrunvelyon, rom regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze molaparakeTa interesebi warmodgenilni iqn<strong>an</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
mxedvelobaSi iqn<strong>an</strong> miRebulni im<br />
org<strong>an</strong>oebis mier, romlebic SeiZleba Seiqmn<strong>an</strong> k<strong>an</strong>onis Sesabamisad masmediis<br />
Tavisuflebisa <strong>da</strong> pluralizmis uzrunvelsayofad.<br />
muxli 12 - kulturuli saqmi<strong>an</strong>oba <strong>da</strong> saSualebebi<br />
1. kulturuli saqmi<strong>an</strong>obisa <strong>da</strong> obieqtebis, g<strong>an</strong>sakuTrebiT, biblioTekebis,<br />
videoTekebis, kulturuli centrebis, muzeumebis, arqivebis, akademiebis,<br />
Teatrebisa <strong>da</strong> kinoTeatrebis, iseve rogorc literaturuli nawarmoebebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
kinomatografiuli produqciis, xalxuri Semoqmedebis, festivalebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
kulturis <strong>da</strong>rgebis mimarT, romlebic, inter alia, moicaven axali<br />
teqnologiebis gamoyenebas, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben, rom im<br />
teritoriebze sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> aseTi enebi <strong>da</strong> im zomiT, riTac saxelmwifo<br />
xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebikompetenturni ari<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong> aqvT uflebamosileba <strong>an</strong><br />
asruleben rols am sferoSi:<br />
a) waaxalison <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli<br />
TviTgamoxatvis saSualebebi <strong>da</strong> iniciativebi <strong>da</strong> mxari <strong>da</strong>uWiron am enebze<br />
Seqmnili nawarmoebebisadmi xelmisawvdomebis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saSualebebs;<br />
b) waaxalison regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze Seqmnili naSromebisadmi<br />
xelmisawvdomoba sxva enebSi saTargm<strong>an</strong>o, dublirebis, post-sinqronizaciisa <strong>da</strong><br />
subtitrirebis saqmi<strong>an</strong>obisaTvis <strong>da</strong>xmarebis gawevis gziT;<br />
g) waaxalison sxva enebze Seqmnili nawarmoebebisadmi xelmisawvdomoba<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze mTargmnelobiTi, dublirebis, postsinqronizaciisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> subtitrirebis saqmi<strong>an</strong>obisaTvis <strong>da</strong>xmarebis gawevis gziT;<br />
d) uzrunvelyon, rom sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saxis kulturuli saqmi<strong>an</strong>obis org<strong>an</strong>izaciisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> mxar<strong>da</strong>WerisaTvis pasuxismgebelma org<strong>an</strong>oebma <strong>da</strong>aweson Sesabamisi<br />
<strong>an</strong>azRaureba <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebisa <strong>da</strong> kulturis codnisa <strong>da</strong><br />
gamoyenebisaTvis im RonisZiebebSi, romlebsac isini wamoiwyeben <strong>an</strong><br />
romlebisTvisac isini uzrunvelyofen mxar<strong>da</strong>Weras;<br />
e) xeli Seuwyon im zomebs, romlebic miznad isaxaven rom, kulturuli<br />
saqmi<strong>an</strong>obis org<strong>an</strong>izaciisa <strong>da</strong> mxar<strong>da</strong>WerisaTvis pasuxismgebel org<strong>an</strong>oebs<br />
hyavdeT iseTi personali, romelic srulad flobs Sesabamis regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobis enas, iseve rogorc, mosaxleobis <strong>da</strong>narCeni nawilis enas (enebs);<br />
v) waaxalison <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> umcireobis enaze molaparakeTa warmomadgenlis<br />
monawileoba kulturuli saqmi<strong>an</strong>obisaTvis saSualebebis uzrunvelyofaSi <strong>da</strong><br />
maT <strong>da</strong>gegmvaSi;<br />
z) waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> mxari <strong>da</strong>uWiron iseTi org<strong>an</strong>os <strong>an</strong> org<strong>an</strong>oebis Seqmnas,<br />
romlebic pasuxismgebelni iqnebi<strong>an</strong> regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze<br />
Seqmnili nawarmoebebis Sekrebaze, aslis Senaxvasa <strong>da</strong> warmodgenaze <strong>an</strong><br />
gamoqveynebaze;<br />
T) aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, Seqmn<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> xeli Seuwyon <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>afin<strong>an</strong>son<br />
mTargmnelobiTi <strong>da</strong> terminologiis kvleviTi samsaxurebi, kerZod im mizniT,<br />
rom SenarCunebuli iqnas <strong>da</strong> g<strong>an</strong>viTardes Sesabamisi administraciuli,<br />
komerciuli, ekonomikuri, socialuri, teqnikuri <strong>an</strong> samarTlebrivi<br />
terminologia TiToeul regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaSi.<br />
2. im teritoriebis mimarT, imaT gar<strong>da</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c tradiciulad gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebi, Tuki regionalur <strong>an</strong> umciresobis enaze<br />
56
molaparakeTa raodenoba amas amarTlebs, mxareebi valdebulebas iReben neba<br />
<strong>da</strong>rTon, waaxalison <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> uzrunvelyon Sesabamisi kulturuli saqmi<strong>an</strong>oba <strong>da</strong><br />
saSualebebi wina punqtis Sesabamisad.<br />
3. mxareebi valdebulebas iReben kulturis sferoSi maTi politikis<br />
sazRvargareT g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebisas, saT<strong>an</strong>do yuradReba miaqcion regionalur <strong>da</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebs <strong>da</strong> im kulturas, romlis gamoxatulebac isini ari<strong>an</strong>.<br />
muxli 13 - ekonomikuri <strong>da</strong> socialuri cxovreba<br />
1. ekonomikuri <strong>da</strong> socialuri saqmi<strong>an</strong>obis mimarT, mxareebi valdebulebas<br />
iReben, mTeli qveynis masStabiT:<br />
a) aRmofxvr<strong>an</strong> maTi k<strong>an</strong>onmdeblobi<strong>da</strong>n nebismieri debuleba, romelic<br />
gasamarTlebeli mizezebis gareSe krZalavs <strong>an</strong> zRu<strong>da</strong>vs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebas dokumentebSi, romlebic exebi<strong>an</strong> ekonomikur <strong>an</strong><br />
socialur cxovrebas, kerZod SromiT kontraqtebs, <strong>da</strong> aseve, teqnikur<br />
dokumentebSi, iseTebSi rogoricaa produqtebis <strong>an</strong> aRWurvilobis gamoyenebis<br />
instruqciebi;<br />
b) akrZalon komp<strong>an</strong>iaTa Si<strong>da</strong> regulaciebsa <strong>da</strong> kerZo dokumentebSi iseTi<br />
debulebebis CarTva, romlebic gamoricxaven <strong>an</strong> zRu<strong>da</strong>ven regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobebis enaTa gamoyenebas, sul mcire am enaze molaparakeebs Soris;<br />
g) ar <strong>da</strong>uSv<strong>an</strong> iseTi praqtika, romelic miznad isaxavs <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis Seferxebas ekonomikur <strong>an</strong> socialur<br />
saqmi<strong>an</strong>obasT<strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT;<br />
d) xeli Seuwyon <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong> waaxalison <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis<br />
gamoyeneba sxva saSualebebiT, romlebic gaTvaliswinebulni ar ari<strong>an</strong> zemo qvepunqtebiT.<br />
2. ekonomikuri <strong>da</strong> socialuri saqmi<strong>an</strong>obis mimarT, mxareebi valdebulebas<br />
iReben, im zomiT, riTac saxelmwifo xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebi kompetenturni<br />
ari<strong>an</strong>, im teritoriebze, sa<strong>da</strong>c gamoiyenebi<strong>an</strong> <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong><br />
enebi <strong>da</strong> imdenad, ramdena<strong>da</strong>c es obieqturad miz<strong>an</strong>Sewonilia:<br />
a) CarTon maT safin<strong>an</strong>so <strong>da</strong> sab<strong>an</strong>ko regulaciebSi debulebebi, romlebic<br />
komerciul praqtikasT<strong>an</strong> SesabamisobaSi myofi procedurebis saSualebiT,<br />
<strong>da</strong>rTaven nebas <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebas ga<strong>da</strong>xdis<br />
orderebis (Cekebi, veqselebi) <strong>an</strong> sxva fin<strong>an</strong>suri dokumentebis SedgenaSi, <strong>an</strong><br />
Sesabamis SemTxvevebSi, uzrunvelyon aseTi debulebebis g<strong>an</strong>xorcieleba;<br />
b) maTi kontrolis (saxelmwifo seqtoris) qveS myof ekonomikur <strong>da</strong> socialur<br />
seqtorSi org<strong>an</strong>izeba gauwion iseT saqmi<strong>an</strong>obas, romelic miznad isaxavs<br />
<strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis gamoyenebis waxalisebas;<br />
g) uzrunvelyon, rom socialuri sferos obieqtebs, iseTebs rogorebicaa<br />
saavadmyofoebi, moxucebulTa saxlebi, TavSesafrebi, SeeZloT regionalur <strong>an</strong><br />
umciresobis enaze molaparake im pirebis miReba <strong>da</strong> maTT<strong>an</strong> urTierToba amave<br />
enaze, romlebsac esaWiroebaT movla avadmyofobis, asakis <strong>an</strong> sxva mizezebis<br />
gamo;<br />
d) Sesabamisi saSualebebiT uzrunvelyon, rom usafrTxoebis instruqciebi<br />
Sedgenili iyos regionalur <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebzec;<br />
e) uzrunvelyon, rom momxmarebelTa uflebebze saxelmwifos kompetenturi<br />
xelisuflebis org<strong>an</strong>oebis mier mowodebuli informacia xelmisawvdomi iyos<br />
regionalur <strong>da</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebze.<br />
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muxli 14 - sazRvarTSorisi gacvlebi<br />
mxareebi valdebulebas iReben:<br />
a) gamoiyenon arsebuli ormxrivi <strong>da</strong> mravalmxrivi SeT<strong>an</strong>xmebebi, romlebic maT<br />
akavSirebT im saxelmwifoebT<strong>an</strong>, sa<strong>da</strong>c igive ena gamoiyeneba identuri <strong>an</strong><br />
msgavsi formiT, <strong>an</strong> aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, ecadon <strong>da</strong>don aseTi<br />
SeT<strong>an</strong>xmebebi, imgvarad, rom waaxalison kontaqtebi erTsa <strong>da</strong> imave enaze<br />
molaparakeTa Soris Sesabamis saxelmwifoebSi kulturis, g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis,<br />
informaciis, profesiuli momzadebisa <strong>da</strong> Seuwyveteli g<strong>an</strong>aTlebis sferoebSi;<br />
b) <strong>regionaluri</strong> <strong>an</strong> <strong>umciresobaTa</strong> enebis sasargeblod xeli Seuwyon <strong>da</strong>/<strong>an</strong><br />
waaxalison tr<strong>an</strong>ssasazRvro T<strong>an</strong>amSromloba, kerZod, xelisuflebis<br />
regionalur <strong>an</strong> adgilobriv org<strong>an</strong>oebs Soris, romelTa teritoriebzec erTi<br />
<strong>da</strong> igive ena gamoiyeneba identuri <strong>an</strong> msgavsi formiT.<br />
nawili IV<br />
qartiis gamoyeneba<br />
muxli 15 - perioduli moxsenebebi<br />
1. mxareebi evropis sabWos generalur mdiv<strong>an</strong>s ministrTa komitetis mier<br />
g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli formiT warudgenen moxsenebas am qartiis II nawilis Sesabamisad<br />
maT mier gatarebuli politikis <strong>da</strong> III nawilis maT mier miRebul debulebaTa<br />
Sesabamisad g<strong>an</strong>xorcielebuli zomebis Sesaxeb. pirveli moxsenebis wardgena<br />
moxdeba Sesabamisi mxaris mimarT am qartiis ZalaSi Sesvli<strong>da</strong>n erTi wlis<br />
g<strong>an</strong>mavlobaSi, xolo Semdegi moxsenebebis wardgena moxdeba samwli<strong>an</strong>i<br />
intervalebiT pirveli moxsenebis Semdeg.<br />
2. mxareebi gamoaqveyneben Tavi<strong>an</strong> moxsenebebs.<br />
muxli 16 - moxsenebebis g<strong>an</strong>xilva<br />
1. evropis sabWos generaluri mdivnisaTvis me-15 muxlis Sesabamisad<br />
wardgenili moxsenebebis Semowmeba moxdeba me-17 muxlis Sesabamisad Seqmnili<br />
eqspertTa komitetis mier.<br />
2. xelSemkvrel saxelmwifoSi k<strong>an</strong>onierad Seqmnil org<strong>an</strong>oebsa <strong>da</strong> asociaciebs<br />
SeuZliaT miapyron eqspertTa komitetis yuradReba im sakiTxebze, romlebic<br />
exebi<strong>an</strong> mxaris mier am qartiis III nawilis Sesabamisad aRebul valdebulebebs.<br />
Sesabamis mxaresT<strong>an</strong> konsultaciebis gamarTvis Semdeg, eqspertTa komitets<br />
SeuZlia mxedvelobaSi miiRos informacia qvemo me-3 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli<br />
moxsenebis momzadebisas. am org<strong>an</strong>oebs <strong>an</strong> asociaciebs SeuZliaT SemdgomSic<br />
warmoadginon g<strong>an</strong>cxadebebi mxaris mier II Tavis Sesabamisad gatarebuli<br />
politikis Sesaxeb.<br />
3. 1-l punqtSi g<strong>an</strong>sazRvruli moxsenebebisa <strong>da</strong> me-2 punqtSi moxseniebuli<br />
informaciis safuZvelze, eqspertTa komiteti moamzadebs moxsenebas ministrTa<br />
komitetisaTvis warsadgenad.<br />
4. me-3 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli moxseneba, kerZod, Seicavs eqspertTa<br />
komitetis wina<strong>da</strong>debebs ministrTa komitetis mimarT am uk<strong>an</strong>asknelis mier<br />
Sesabamisi erTi <strong>an</strong> meti mxaris mimarT sitauaciiT moTxovnili rekomen<strong>da</strong>ciebis<br />
momzadebis Taobaze.<br />
5. evropis sabWos generaluri mdiv<strong>an</strong>i yovel or weliwadSi gaakeTebs detalur<br />
moxsenebas saparlamento asambleaze am qartiis gamoyenebis Taobaze.<br />
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muxli 17 - eqspertTa komiteti<br />
1. eqspertTa komiteti Sedgeba TiToeuli mxaris TiTo warmomadgenlisag<strong>an</strong>,<br />
romlebsac niSnavs ministrTa komiteti Sesabamisi mxaris mier wardgenili<br />
umaRlesi moraluri Tvisebebisa <strong>da</strong> qartiiT mocul sakiTxebSi aRiarebuli<br />
kompetenciis mqone pirTag<strong>an</strong> Semdgari sii<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
2. komitetis wevrebi iniSnebi<strong>an</strong> eqvsi wlis vadiT <strong>da</strong> SesaZlebeli iqneba maTi<br />
xelaxali <strong>da</strong>niSvna. wevri, romelic ver SeZlebs samsaxuris vadis gasrulebas,<br />
Seicvleba 1-li punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli proceduris Sesabamisad <strong>da</strong><br />
Semcvleli wevri imsaxurebs mis mier Secvlili wevris uflebamosilebis<br />
vadis amowurvamde.<br />
3. eqspertTa komiteti miiRebs Tavis reglaments. misi samdivnoTi momsaxureba<br />
uzrunvelyofili iqneba evropis sabWos generaluri mdivnis mier.<br />
nawili V<br />
<strong>da</strong>skvniTi debulebebi<br />
muxli 18<br />
es qartia Riaa xelmosawerad evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebisaTvis. igi<br />
eqvemdebareba ratificirebas, miRebas <strong>an</strong> <strong>da</strong>mtkicebas. saratifikacio, miRebis <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>mtkicebis sigelebis deponireba xdeba evropis sabWos generalur mdiv<strong>an</strong>T<strong>an</strong>.<br />
muxli 19<br />
1. es qartia ZalaSi Sedis im Tvis pirvel dRes, romelic mosdevs samTvi<strong>an</strong>i<br />
vadis amowurvas TariRi<strong>da</strong>n, rodesac evropis sabWos xuTi wevri saxelmwifo<br />
me-18 muxlis debulebebis Sesabamisad gamoTqvams Tavis T<strong>an</strong>xmobas iyos<br />
valdebuli qartiiT.<br />
2. nebismieri sxva wevri saxelmwifos mimarT, romelic SemdgomSi gamoTqvams<br />
Tavis T<strong>an</strong>xmobas iyos valdebuli misiT, qartia ZalaSi Sedis im Tvis pirvel<br />
dRes, romelic mosdevs samTvi<strong>an</strong>i vadis amowurvas saratifikacio, miRebis <strong>an</strong><br />
<strong>da</strong>mtkicebis sigelis deponirebis TariRi<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
muxli 20<br />
1. am qartiis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg, evropis sabWos ministrTa komitets<br />
SeuZlia miiwvios evropis sabWos arawevri saxelmwifo miuerTdes am qartias.<br />
2. nebismieri mierTebuli saxelmwifos mimarT, qartia ZalaSi Sedis im Tvis<br />
pirvel dRes, romelic mosdevs samTvi<strong>an</strong>i vadis amowurvas mierTebis sigelis<br />
evropis sabWos generaluri mdivnisaTvis Cabarebis TariRi<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
muxli 21<br />
1. nebismier mxares, xelmoweris <strong>an</strong> misi saratifikacio, miRebis, <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis <strong>an</strong><br />
mierTebis sigelis Ses<strong>an</strong>axad Cabarebisas, SeuZlia gaakeTos erTi <strong>an</strong> meti<br />
<strong>da</strong>Tqma am qartiis me-7 muxlis me-2-<strong>da</strong>n me-5-mde punqtebis mimarT. <strong>da</strong>uSvebelia<br />
sxva <strong>da</strong>Tqmebis gakeTeba.<br />
2. nebismier xelSemkvrel saxelmwifos, romelmac gaakeTa <strong>da</strong>Tqma wina punqtis<br />
Sesabamisad, SeuZlia mTli<strong>an</strong>ad <strong>an</strong> nawilobriv gamoiTxovos igi evropis sabWos<br />
generaluri mdivnis saxelze gakeTebuli Setyobinebis saSualebiT. uk<strong>an</strong><br />
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gamoTxova ZalaSi Sedis generaluri mdinis mier Setyobinebis miRebis<br />
TariRi<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
muxli 22<br />
1. nebismier mxares nebismier dros SeuZlia moaxdinos am qartiis denonsacia<br />
evropis sabWos generaluri mdivnis saxelze gakeTebuli Setyobinebis<br />
saSualebiT.<br />
2. aseTi denonsacia ZalaSi Sedis im Tvis pirvel dRes, romelic mosdevs<br />
eqvsTvi<strong>an</strong>i vadis amowurvas generaluri mdivnis mier Setyobinebis miRebis<br />
TariRi<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
muxli 23<br />
evropis sabWos generaluri mdiv<strong>an</strong>i acnobebs evropis sabWos wevr<br />
saxelmwifoebs <strong>da</strong> nebismier saxelmwifos, romelic miuerTdeba am qartias:<br />
a) nebismieri xelmoweris Sesaxeb;<br />
b) nebismieri saratifikacio, miRebis, <strong>da</strong>mtkicebis <strong>an</strong> mierTebis sigelis<br />
Ses<strong>an</strong>axad Cabarebis Sesaxeb;<br />
g) me-19 <strong>da</strong> me-20 muxlebis Sesabamisad am qartiis ZalaSi Sesvlis nebismieri<br />
TariRis Sesaxeb;<br />
d) me-3 muxlis me-2 punqtis debulebebis gamoyenebisas miRebuli nebismieri<br />
Setyobinebis Sesaxeb;<br />
e) nebismieri sxva aqtis, Setyobinebis <strong>an</strong> komunikaciis Sesaxeb, romelic exeba<br />
am qartias. amis <strong>da</strong>sturad, qvemore xelmomwerebma, romlebic saT<strong>an</strong>adod iyvnen<br />
rwmunebulni, xeli moaweres winamdebare qartias. Sesrulebulia strasburgSi<br />
1992 wlis noembris me-5 dRes inglisur <strong>da</strong> fr<strong>an</strong>gul enebze, orive teqsti aris<br />
T<strong>an</strong>abrad auTenturi Sedgenili TiTo egzemplarad, romelic inaxeba evropis<br />
sabWos arqivebSi. evropis sabWos generaluri mdiv<strong>an</strong>i ga<strong>da</strong>scems <strong>da</strong>mowmebul<br />
aslebs evropis sabWos TiToeul wevr saxelmwifos <strong>da</strong> nebismier saxelmwifos,<br />
romelic miwveulia miuerTdes am qartias.<br />
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