saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #4 (45), 2010 ART SCIENCE ...
saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #4 (45), 2010 ART SCIENCE ...
saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #4 (45), 2010 ART SCIENCE ...
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Tamar cagareli<br />
warmosaxvas. aRorZinebis epoqaSi kvlav aRsdga profesiuli<br />
TeatrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli gamomsaxvelobiTi formebi da<br />
yuradReba gamaxvilda xelovnebis, kerZod ki Teatris Sesaxeb<br />
Seqmnil literaturaze. Tu italiaSi am epoqis monapovari<br />
iyo `komedia del’arte~ (XIV saukune), Teatrisa da dramis<br />
sinTezi, ganxorcielda espaneTSi lope de vegas dramaturgiiT,<br />
inglisSi _ Seqspiris Teatris SeqmniT, sadac praqtikosebis<br />
mier Teoriuli naSromebi Seiqmna, rac safuZvels gvaZlevs<br />
aRvniSnoT, rom msaxiobebi, reJisorebi da dramaturgebi qmnian<br />
literaturas Teatrze. saqarTveloSi XII-XIII saukuneebSi<br />
sasaxlis karis Teatri renesansuli saTeatro nimuSad SeiZleba<br />
CaiTvalos, sadac poeturi sityvebiT, musikisa da cekvis sinTezs<br />
vxvdebiT. sasaxlis karis Teatris msaxiobebs _ muSaiTebs<br />
uwodebdnen.<br />
ivane javaxiSvili `qarTveli eris istoriaSi~ axsenebs ra<br />
`dasavleT evropaSi warmoSobil renesans~, wers: `saqarTvelom<br />
es moZraoba ukve XII saukuneSi daiwyo, magram misi dasruleba<br />
monRolTa Semosevam Seaferxa.~ 25 qarTuli renesansis cneba<br />
ki, upirveles yovlisa, rusTavelis saxels ukavSirdeba.<br />
`rusTaveli Tvisobrivad sxva epoqas ekuTvnis, kacobriobis<br />
sulieri cxovrebis axal eras, radgan mis mier adamianTa<br />
modgmis safuZvelze gamoyvanilia axali adamiani, romelic<br />
ukavSirdeba da Seicnobs ara marto gare samyaros, aramed<br />
sakuTar Tavsac, aRmoaCens sakuTari arsebis wiaRSi pirovnebas.~ 26<br />
oliver uordropma Tavis naSromSi `saqarTvelos<br />
samefo~ (“The kingdom of Georgia”) aRwera ara mxolod<br />
saqarTvelos istoria _ daviT aRmaSeneblisa da Tamar mefis<br />
xanis epoqa, aramed dawvrilebiT axsna-ganmarteba misca evropel<br />
mkiTxvels SoTa rusTavelisa da misi poemis `vefxistyaosnis~<br />
Sesaxeb, aRaraferi rom ar vTqva mis srul inglisur enovan<br />
Targmanze. winasityvaobaSi avtori wers: `nawarmoebs Tavidan<br />
bolomde dahyveba saocrad daZabuli interesi, radgan misi<br />
dramatuli erTianoba arsad irRveva da ar neldeba, magram<br />
poemis Rirseba martooden am siuJetur qargaSi rodia, aramed<br />
ufro metad imaSia, rom aSkarad SeimCneva qristianobasTan<br />
damokidebulebis im metafizikur TeoriaTa marcvlebi, rac<br />
saTeatro azri saqarTveloSi<br />
ase axasiaTebda dantes, mis zogierT evropel Tanamedrovesa<br />
da memkvidres. SoTa rusTavels bevri ram SeuTvisebia<br />
platonisagan (cnobilia, rom XI-XII saukuneebSi saqarTvelosa<br />
da saberZneTs Soris mWidro urTierToba damyarda, ramac<br />
saSualeba misca qarTvelebs gascnobodnen platonisa da<br />
aristoteles filosofiur moZRvrebebs. yovelive aman, ra<br />
Tqma unda, didi gavlena moaxdina imdroindel saqarTvelos<br />
kulturasa da socialur cxovrebaze da, Tavis mxriv, Seamzada<br />
safuZveli qarTuli renesansis dasawyisisa. T. c.). rac Seexeba<br />
poemis stils, unda iTqvas, rom igi gasaocrad gvagonebs<br />
evropuli renesansis xanis sityvis ostatebs.~ 27<br />
samwuxarod, am periodis qarTuli saTeatro sanaxaobis<br />
Sesaxeb mwiri cnobebi mogvepoveba, Sesabamisad ar gvaqvs<br />
literatura, sadac dafiqsirebuli iqneba azri Teatris Sesaxeb,<br />
Tumca, am epoqis saTeatro cxovrebis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva<br />
istoriuli Tu literaturuli Zeglebi gvaZlevs saSualebas<br />
SevafasoT am epoqis sasceno xelovnebis `gamosaxvis formebi~.<br />
magaliTad: `vefxistyaosanSi~ mocemulia ramodenime epizodi,<br />
sadac Cven SegviZlia warmodgena viqonioT im periodis saTeatro<br />
sanaxaobebze:<br />
`ese Tqva da sixaruliT TamaSoba adiada,<br />
mgosani da moSaiTi uxmes, poves rada sada;<br />
dia gasca saboZvari, yvela darbazs Semoxada, -<br />
misi msgavsi siuxviTa RmerTman sxamca ra dabada.~ 28<br />
da kidev, gavixsenoT fridonis sityvebi, qajeTis cixis aRebis<br />
win gamarTul TaTbirze:<br />
`Cemsa simcrosa gamzrdelni samuSaiTod mzrdidian,<br />
maswavles maTi saqmeni, maxlacunebdian, mwvrTidian;<br />
asre gavida saabelsa, rom Tvalni ver momkidian,<br />
vica mWvretdian ymawvilni, iginica inatridian.~ 29<br />
rogorc Cans, muSaiToba anu sabelzed moTamaSe CvenSi<br />
saTeatro sanaxaobas miekuTvneboda, rogorc xalxSi arsebul<br />
yvelaze Zveli da popularuli sajaro xasiaTis gasarTobsa<br />
da Sesaqcev warmodgenas (es Cans zemoT moyvanili poemis<br />
strofebidanac). radganac muSaiToba samefo karis saxilveli<br />
iyo da SesaZlebelia igi imavdroulad, `elitarul~<br />
34 35
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