saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #4 (45), 2010 ART SCIENCE ...
saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #4 (45), 2010 ART SCIENCE ... saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Ziebani #4 (45), 2010 ART SCIENCE ...
Tamar cagareli doqtoranturis III kursi saTeatro azri saqarTveloSi (aRorZinebis epoqis magaliTze) istoriulad cnobili da aRiarebulia, rom italiaa pirveli qveyana, sadac daiwyo aRorZinebis epoqa (XIII saukunis 50iani wlebidan) da Semdgom mTeli evropa `daipyro~ (XIV- XVII saukuneebamde). Tumca, araerTi mecnieris azriT, XII saukunis saqarTvelos kulturul-politikuri viTarebidan gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia visaubroT qarTvelTa renesansul periodze. sakmarisia Tvali gadavavloT XI-XII saukuneebis qarTuli saxelmwifoebriv-politikuri azris moZraobas, rom masSi davinaxavT aRorZinebis sawyissa da aRmasvlis gzas. Tundac ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis (1103 w.) masalebSi Cawerilia fraza adamianis Rirsebaze, romelic renesansuli ideebis matarebelia: `da pirvelad episkoposni vinme RirsebiT Semosrulni pativsa mRvdelmTavrobisasa da uRirsni qristes pirvelisa mis mwyemsTmTavrisani ganvkueTeniT ucxo vyvyeniT mRvdelobisagan~, 1 _ es gaxlavT ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis `Zeglisweris~ pirvel paragrafSi. ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebaze, rogorc viciT, miiRes dadgenileba, romelSiac Teziss _ adamianis Rirsebis Sesaxeb, ZiriTadi, SeiZleba iTqvas, centraluri adgili uWiravs. `renesansi ki iwyeboda yvelgan, sadac iRviZebda adamianis pirovnuli Segneba, sadac kulturis maRali done xels uwyobda axali azris damkvidrebas, sakuTari arsebis Secnobas, sakuTari pirovnebis TviTaRzrdas, TviTSeqmnas~. 2 renesansis epoqis pirveli niSani ki gaxldaT antikuri periodis qveynebis msgavsi akademiebis Seqmna, iseTi, rogoric Seiqmna saqarTveloSi; `daviT aRmaSeneblis mier, rogorc cnobilia, daarsda gelaTis akademia, romelic faqtiurad pirveli qarTuli universitetia, xolo ioane petriwi pirveli reqtori _ `moZRvarT-moZRuari~, sadac xelovnebasTan erTad iswavleboda filosofia, Teologiuri Tu sqolastikuri naSromebi.~ 3 aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom amgvari akademia florenciaSi daarsda 1459 wels, sadac TvalsaCinoT iyo platonizmisa da neoplatonizmis ideebis gavlena, romlis warmomadgenlebi cdilobdnen RvTismetyvelebisagan ganecalkevebinaT filosofia. istoria gvamcnobs, rom imdroindel saqarTveloSi didi kulturuli aRmSeneblobiTi saqmianoba mimdinareobda, romelic daiwyo ra daviT aRmaSenelblis dros, warmatebiT gagrZelda Tamaris mefobis xanaSic. aigo cixe-darbazebi, eklesia-monastrebi, saavadmyofoebi, xidebi... gahyavdaT gzebi, kldeSi ikveTeboda mTeli qalaqebi, ganviTarda kedlis mxatvroba anu xatwera. renesansis epoqis Teatri, xelovnebis sxva dargebis, literaturisa da mecnierebis msgavsad, yalibdeboda da viTardeboda antikuri xelovnebis gavleniT. gavixsenoT daviT aRmaSeneblis `galobani sinanulisani~. garda imisa, rom es nawarmoebi Sua saukuneebis qarTuli kulturis ideologiuri da esTetikuri mrwamsis gamoxatulebaa, igi eZRvneba sasuliero lirikaSi Rrmad damuSavebul (efrem asuris, ioseb da Teodore studiteebis, andria kretelis, ioane damaskelis da sxvaTa sagaloblebi) sinanulis motivs da amiT daviT IV Tavisi wvlili Seitana qarTuli himnografiis ganviTarebaSic. esaa Zegli, romelic gvawvdis XI-XII saukuneebis saqarTvelos ideologiuri brZolis, mxatvrul-kulturuli moZraobis, kerZod Teatris amsaxvel informaciasac, rac Tavis mxriv moiTxovs Seswavlas. `galobani~ _ gvauwyebs mefis aRsarebas _ `ellinTa mieri vercnoba sibrZneTa RmrTisaTa, RmrTisa da Semoqmedisagan SeqmnilTa mimarT cvaleba TayuaniscemisaÁ vsrulyav, raJams TiToeulisa vnebisa kerpsa vmsaxure~. 4 am sityvebSi igrZnoba antikuris reabilitaciisa da restavraciis survili da neba, rac ara marto filosofiiT da (`sibrZniT~) SemoizRudeboda, aramed Seicavda elinuri kultebis gamococxlebas (`Tayvaniscemisai srulvyav~), SeiZleba dionises, demetres misteriebis aRdgenasac (`TiToeulisa vnebisa kerpsa vemsxure~). am mniSvnelovan mxatvrul-kulturul moZraobas TviT mefe daviT aRmaSenebeli edga saTaveSi, rogorc 26 27
Tamar cagareli im drois saxelganTqmuli ritori da mwignobari. warmodgena rom viqonioT, Tu raoden RirsSesaniSnavi unda yofiliyo es winarenesansuli viTareba, daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosis nawarmoebs davimowmeb iq, sadac daviT aRmaSeneblis didgoris omSi saarako gamarjvebas aRwers istorikosi, iqve aRniSnavs: `ara did iyav aqilevi, aramed didsa miemTxvie maqebelsa umiross. rameTu ocdarva wel gangrZnobasa troadelTa brZolisasa verara Rirsi qebisa iqmna. xolo mefisa daviTisi esodenTa mimarT winaganwyoba samJamde iyo. da verc pirvelsa keTebasa SeuZles winadadgomad. hqonebodemsca amaT brZenTa (homerosi, aristotele da ioseb flaviosi) TxrobaTa nivTad saqmeni daviTisni, da maTmca aRweres jerovnad maTebr ritorobisa da maSinaRmca Rirsqmnil iyvnes jerovansa qebasa da eseni esoden,~ 5 aq, ukve Cans, Rrma codna antikuri poeturi filosofiuri da istoriuli mwerlobisa, antikuri ritorikisa, istoriuli mecnierebis meTodisa, istoriis obieqtis da istorikosis urTierTmimarTebis gagebisa da antikuri memkvidreobisadmi kritikuli midgomisa; da aq mJRavndeba, antikuri warsulis da erovnuli Tanamedroveobis SerwymiT, patriotuli suliskveTebac. aseTi ram ki SesaZlebeli iyo im viTarebaSi, rodesac `elinTa mieris~ Tayvaniscema, `elinTa mieris vnebaTa kerpTa msaxureba~ im zomamde iyo gavrcelebuli, rom mefes sinanulis galobas aTqmevinebda. `saqarTveloSi XI_XII saukuneTa mijnaze, ukve antikuris reabilitaciiT da restavraciiT Semzadebuli iyo niadagi renesansisaTvis, rac esoden xelsayrel viTarebas uqmnida erovnuli poeziis da saxiobis, mxatvrobis da xuroTmoZRvrebis oqromqandakeblobis, keramikis, qsova-qargulobis, filosofiur da istoriul sityvakazmulobis ganviTarebas~. 6 ivane javaxiSvilis sityviT, daviT aRmaSenebelis imdroisaTvis gasaocari da mravalmxrivi ganaTleba sxvaTa Soris imiTac kargad mtkicdeba, rom arabi istorikosis ibn al-jauzis mowmobiT, mas sufiebisa da poetebisTvisac TavSesafari augia, xSirad qonebrivadac daxmareba gauwevia da maT sadResaswaulo mejlisebsac umarTavda. aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom saqarTveloSi winarenesansuli xana ar iyo saTeatro azri saqarTveloSi mxolod antikuris reabilitaciis da restavraciis xana, mis paralelurad mimdinareobda qarTuli miTologiis aRdgenac da misi mniSvnelobis Sesabamisad gamoyeneba. es ori nakadi erTmaneTs erwymoda da mTlian procesSi erTiandeboda, niadags umzadebda XII-XIII saukuneTa mijnaze mxatvrul-kulturul aRmavlobas, romlis mwvervals rusTavelis `vefxistyaosani~ warmoadgens. XII-XIII saukuneTa mijnaze daviT aRmaSenebelis mier wamowyebulma saganmanaTleblo reformam xeli Seuwyo miTologiuri Sinaarsis ZvelqarTveluri misteriebis aRdgenas da gavrcelebas, ris mowmobac naTlad aris aRbeWdili da warmodgenili, daviT aRmaSeneblis sagaloblebSi. es, daviT aRmaSeneblis aRsarebaa: `gmirTa siRodaTa mavalobaÁ... ufroÁsad vamravalwile~ 7 . `siRoda~ Zveli qarTuli `saxiobis~ (poeturi sityvis, cekvis, simReris, sakravieri musikis sinTezirebuli sanaxaobis) sinonimia. am epoqaSi `gmirTa siRodaTa mavaloba~-s meSveobiT, eTnikurmiTologiuri, erovnuli istoriuli gmirebis reabilitacia, Tanadrouli gmirebis kultis Seqmnas mxars ubamda mose xonelis `amiran-darejaniani~, iona SavTelis `abdulmesiani~, CaxruxaZis `Tamariani~, am drois istorikosTa da filosofosTa Txzulebani da am moZraobis mwvervals warmoadgens SoTa rusTavelis `vefxistyaosani~. `es procesi amis Semdegac didxans grZeldeboda, gavixsenoT, rom XIV saukuneSic ki zemosvaneTis sof. laSTxveris eklesiis garekedelze ixateboda amiranis veSapebTan Sebma da baybaydevTan omi, xolo saferxulo repertuari svaneTsa da raWaSi dRemde Tavs iwonebda amiranis ciklis simRerebiT~ 8 . `siRoda~ dionisuri sazeimo msvlelobis aRmniSvnelic iyo. antikuris reabilitaciam, miTologiur da istoriul gmirTa kultisadmi gacxovelebulma interesma gamoiwvia mwerlobasa da saxiobaSi qarTul da berZnul RvTaebaTa simboloebsa da metaforebSi warmosaxva. aman ki, Tavis mxriv, aRZra miTologiuri codnis aucilebloba da moTxovnileba. damaxasiaTebelia, rom eqvTime aTonelis mier Sedgenili `mcire sjulis kanoni~ gverdi-gverd ixseniebs warmarTul qarTul 28 29
- Page 1 and 2: saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatris
- Page 3 and 4: Sinaarsi k u l t u r i s m e n e j
- Page 5 and 6: nino sanadiraZe samarTlis, dafinans
- Page 7 and 8: nino sanadiraZe `germanuli~ ti pi,
- Page 9 and 10: maka vasaZe doqtoranturis I kursi s
- Page 11 and 12: maka vasaZe orjer - erTxel moskovSi
- Page 13: maka vasaZe r. s. _ diax saaTnaxeva
- Page 17 and 18: Tamar cagareli radme saxilvelTa~; `
- Page 19 and 20: Tamar cagareli sanaxaobasac miekuTv
- Page 21 and 22: Tamar cagareli 26.iqve. 27.Oliver W
- Page 23 and 24: maia Sengelia zogi ityvis, rom varl
- Page 25 and 26: maia Sengelia cdilobs; Tumca, rogor
- Page 27 and 28: maia Sengelia 8. ix.: „qarTuli sa
- Page 29 and 30: nino lipartiani uimedobas. Tu moder
- Page 31 and 32: nino lipartiani TematikiT. winaaRmd
- Page 33 and 34: mariam kukulava magistraturis II ku
- Page 35 and 36: mariam kukulava daqiraveba, romlebi
- Page 37 and 38: mariam kukulava aRarasodes aRar miu
- Page 39 and 40: aleqsandre lorTqifaniZe magram erTi
- Page 41 and 42: aleqsandre lorTqifaniZe nedelCo mil
- Page 43 and 44: goga qobalia adamianis istoria, rom
- Page 45 and 46: goga qobalia maaxloebs mudam miuRwe
- Page 47 and 48: UNIVERSITY’ Ph.D PROGRAM DRAMA AN
- Page 49 and 50: has nothing to do with the author
Tamar cagareli<br />
doqtoranturis III kursi<br />
saTeatro azri saqarTveloSi<br />
(aRorZinebis epoqis magaliTze)<br />
istoriulad cnobili da aRiarebulia, rom italiaa pirveli<br />
qveyana, sadac daiwyo aRorZinebis epoqa (XIII saukunis 50iani<br />
wlebidan) da Semdgom mTeli evropa `daipyro~ (XIV-<br />
XVII saukuneebamde). Tumca, araerTi mecnieris azriT, XII<br />
saukunis saqarTvelos kulturul-politikuri viTarebidan<br />
gamomdinare, SesaZlebelia visaubroT qarTvelTa renesansul<br />
periodze. sakmarisia Tvali gadavavloT XI-XII saukuneebis<br />
qarTuli saxelmwifoebriv-politikuri azris moZraobas, rom<br />
masSi davinaxavT aRorZinebis sawyissa da aRmasvlis gzas.<br />
Tundac ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis (1103 w.) masalebSi<br />
Cawerilia fraza adamianis Rirsebaze, romelic renesansuli<br />
ideebis matarebelia: `da pirvelad episkoposni vinme RirsebiT<br />
Semosrulni pativsa mRvdelmTavrobisasa da uRirsni qristes<br />
pirvelisa mis mwyemsTmTavrisani ganvkueTeniT ucxo vyvyeniT<br />
mRvdelobisagan~, 1 _ es gaxlavT ruis-urbnisis saeklesio<br />
krebis `Zeglisweris~ pirvel paragrafSi. ruis-urbnisis<br />
saeklesio krebaze, rogorc viciT, miiRes dadgenileba, romelSiac<br />
Teziss _ adamianis Rirsebis Sesaxeb, ZiriTadi, SeiZleba iTqvas,<br />
centraluri adgili uWiravs. `renesansi ki iwyeboda yvelgan,<br />
sadac iRviZebda adamianis pirovnuli Segneba, sadac kulturis<br />
maRali done xels uwyobda axali azris damkvidrebas, sakuTari<br />
arsebis Secnobas, sakuTari pirovnebis TviTaRzrdas,<br />
TviTSeqmnas~. 2<br />
renesansis epoqis pirveli niSani ki gaxldaT antikuri<br />
periodis qveynebis msgavsi akademiebis Seqmna, iseTi, rogoric<br />
Seiqmna saqarTveloSi; `daviT aRmaSeneblis mier, rogorc<br />
cnobilia, daarsda gelaTis akademia, romelic faqtiurad<br />
pirveli qarTuli universitetia, xolo ioane petriwi pirveli<br />
reqtori _ `moZRvarT-moZRuari~, sadac xelovnebasTan erTad<br />
iswavleboda filosofia, Teologiuri Tu sqolastikuri<br />
naSromebi.~ 3 aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom amgvari akademia<br />
florenciaSi daarsda 1<strong>45</strong>9 wels, sadac TvalsaCinoT iyo<br />
platonizmisa da neoplatonizmis ideebis gavlena, romlis<br />
warmomadgenlebi cdilobdnen RvTismetyvelebisagan<br />
ganecalkevebinaT filosofia.<br />
istoria gvamcnobs, rom imdroindel saqarTveloSi didi<br />
kulturuli aRmSeneblobiTi saqmianoba mimdinareobda, romelic<br />
daiwyo ra daviT aRmaSenelblis dros, warmatebiT gagrZelda<br />
Tamaris mefobis xanaSic. aigo cixe-darbazebi, eklesia-monastrebi,<br />
saavadmyofoebi, xidebi... gahyavdaT gzebi, kldeSi ikveTeboda<br />
mTeli qalaqebi, ganviTarda kedlis mxatvroba anu xatwera.<br />
renesansis epoqis Teatri, xelovnebis sxva dargebis,<br />
literaturisa da mecnierebis msgavsad, yalibdeboda da<br />
viTardeboda antikuri xelovnebis gavleniT. gavixsenoT daviT<br />
aRmaSeneblis `galobani sinanulisani~. garda imisa, rom es<br />
nawarmoebi Sua saukuneebis qarTuli kulturis ideologiuri<br />
da esTetikuri mrwamsis gamoxatulebaa, igi eZRvneba sasuliero<br />
lirikaSi Rrmad damuSavebul (efrem asuris, ioseb da Teodore<br />
studiteebis, andria kretelis, ioane damaskelis da sxvaTa<br />
sagaloblebi) sinanulis motivs da amiT daviT IV Tavisi<br />
wvlili Seitana qarTuli himnografiis ganviTarebaSic. esaa<br />
Zegli, romelic gvawvdis XI-XII saukuneebis saqarTvelos<br />
ideologiuri brZolis, mxatvrul-kulturuli moZraobis,<br />
kerZod Teatris amsaxvel informaciasac, rac Tavis mxriv<br />
moiTxovs Seswavlas.<br />
`galobani~ _ gvauwyebs mefis aRsarebas _ `ellinTa mieri<br />
vercnoba sibrZneTa RmrTisaTa, RmrTisa da Semoqmedisagan<br />
SeqmnilTa mimarT cvaleba TayuaniscemisaÁ vsrulyav, raJams<br />
TiToeulisa vnebisa kerpsa vmsaxure~. 4<br />
am sityvebSi igrZnoba antikuris reabilitaciisa da<br />
restavraciis survili da neba, rac ara marto filosofiiT<br />
da (`sibrZniT~) SemoizRudeboda, aramed Seicavda elinuri<br />
kultebis gamococxlebas (`Tayvaniscemisai srulvyav~), SeiZleba<br />
dionises, demetres misteriebis aRdgenasac (`TiToeulisa vnebisa<br />
kerpsa vemsxure~). am mniSvnelovan mxatvrul-kulturul<br />
moZraobas TviT mefe daviT aRmaSenebeli edga saTaveSi, rogorc<br />
26 27
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