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<strong>musika</strong><br />
<strong>marika</strong> <strong>CikvaiZe</strong><br />
VIII<br />
klasis<br />
saxelmZRvanelo<br />
inteleqti
<strong>marika</strong> <strong>CikvaiZe</strong><br />
VIII klasi<br />
grifi mieniWa 2012 wels ssip ganaTlebis xarisxis ganviTarebis<br />
erovnuli centris (brZaneba ## 375, 18. 05. 2012) mier<br />
gamomcemloba inteleqti<br />
Tbilisi 2012
<strong>marika</strong> CGikvaiZe<br />
<strong>musika</strong> VIII<br />
Marika Chikvaidze<br />
MUSIC VIII<br />
INTELEKTI PUBLISHERS<br />
Tbilisi 2012<br />
redaqtori mzia CGxaiZe<br />
gamomcemloba inteleqti<br />
Tbilisi, ilia WavWavaZis gamziri #5<br />
225-05-22, 291-22-83, 5(99) 55-66-54<br />
faqsi: 25-05-22<br />
elfosta: inteleqti@caucasus.net, info@intelekti.ge vebgverdi: www.intelekti.ge<br />
ISBN 978-9941-439-24-7 © gamomcemloba `inteleqti~, 2012.
sarCevi<br />
Tavi I _ musikis gamomsaxveli xerxebi da saSualebebi<br />
<strong>musika</strong> _ Cemi cxovrebis Tanamgzavri ............................................................... 7<br />
ra Zala aqvs <strong>musika</strong>s? .............................................................................................10<br />
risgan `mzaddeba~ <strong>musika</strong>? ....................................................................................13<br />
ritmi ..........................................................................................................................14<br />
raSi mdgomareobs valsis ritmis Tavisebureba? .......................................... 21<br />
bedisweris motivi ..................................................................................................28<br />
punqtiruli ritmi .................................................................................................29<br />
melodia .....................................................................................................................32<br />
naxatSi aJRerebuli melodia .............................................................................37<br />
portreti <strong>musika</strong>sa da ferweraSi ......................................................................38<br />
`Laccrymoza~, anu `Tvalcremliani~...................................................................41<br />
harmonia ....................................................................................................................43<br />
disonansi da konsonansi .......................................................................................45<br />
faqtura .....................................................................................................................46<br />
ra aris polifonia? ...............................................................................................49<br />
cota ram qarTuli xalxuri polifoniis Sesaxeb ......................................... 52<br />
polifonia profesiul <strong>musika</strong>Si ........................................................................54<br />
gaarkvieT, ra gaxsovT, ra _ ara? ......................................................................56<br />
ra aris tembri? ......................................................................................................61<br />
gitara ........................................................................................................................66<br />
fleita .......................................................................................................................68<br />
dinamika .....................................................................................................................71<br />
Tavi II _ Strixebi did musikosTa biografiidan<br />
ludvig van beThoveni ............................................................................................75<br />
`mTvaris sonata~ .....................................................................................................77<br />
qariSxali CrdiloeTis zRvaze ..........................................................................80<br />
friderik Sopeni .....................................................................................................88<br />
robert Sumani .........................................................................................................94<br />
ra aris cikli? .........................................................................................................98<br />
Stabat Mater ...................................................................................................... 100<br />
Tavi III_ <strong>musika</strong> da literatura<br />
<strong>musika</strong> da sityva ....................................................................................................103<br />
romansi ....................................................................................................................105<br />
mxolod <strong>musika</strong>s esaWiroeba literatura, Tu literaturac ver<br />
iarsebebs musikis gareSe?... ...............................................................................108<br />
Seqspiri da <strong>musika</strong> ................................................................................................109<br />
miuzikli `vestsaiduri istoria~....................................................................113<br />
kvleviTi proeqti.................................................................................................117<br />
informacia <strong>musika</strong>lur-kompiuteruli programebis Sesaxeb ................. 118<br />
danarTi ...................................................................................................................128
• saxelmZRvanelo Seesabameba axal erovnul saswavlo gegmas;<br />
• daexmareba moswavles testuri gamocdebisaTvis momzadebaSi;<br />
• xels Seuwyobs Tvalsawieris gafarToebas;<br />
• daexmareba moswavles xelovnebis sxvadasxva dargSi gaT viTcno<br />
bi ere baSi;<br />
• daexmareba sakuTar SesaZleblobamonacemebis amocnobasa da<br />
gan vi TarebaSi;<br />
• daexmareba mSobels, GaerTos Svilis saganmanaTleblo procesSi;<br />
• saxelmZRvanelo gamiznulia rogorc jgufuri, ise individualuri<br />
meca di ne obisaTvis;<br />
• saxelmZRvanelo iTvaliswinebs rogorc klasSi, ise Sin mecadineobas.<br />
5
Tavi _ I<br />
musikis gamomsaxveli xerxebi da saSualebebi<br />
Tqven am TavSi iswavliT...<br />
• gasul saswavlo wels SevecadeT, gagvemdidrebina Tqveni <strong>musika</strong>luri<br />
STa beW dilebebi klasikuri nawarmoebebiT, Tumca gverdi arc<br />
TqvenTvis saintereso sfe rosTvis, msubuqi musikisTvis agvivlia...<br />
• musikis gakveTilebze araerTxel mogiwevT sakuTari fiqrisa<br />
Tu SegrZnebebis, mu sikis mosmeniT gamowveuli emociebis dafiqsireba...<br />
• sainteresoa, risgan `mzaddeba~ <strong>musika</strong>? TiTqos, erTi SexedviT,<br />
yve la fers erT mTlianobaSi aRviqvamT, magram aRmoGndeba, rom am<br />
mTlianobas mci re nawilebi qmnis, esenia:<br />
ritmi _ misi arseboba mxolod <strong>musika</strong>Si ar SeiniSneba;<br />
melodia ki mxolod da mxolod musikis sakuTrebaa, <strong>musika</strong>luri<br />
nawarmoebis sulia;<br />
harmonia SeTanxmebas, Sexmatkbilebas niSnavs, arada berZnuli miTi<br />
mogviTxrobs, rom harmonia omis RvTaebis, aresisa da siyvarulis qal-<br />
RmerTis, afrodites Svili yofila. maS, romel Sexmatkbilebazea saubari?<br />
faqtura es aris `<strong>musika</strong>luri qsovili~, `ornamenti~, `xmaTa naxati~.<br />
ratom Seicavs es termini iseT sinonimebs, rogoricaa `qsovili~, `naxati~?<br />
polifonia mravalxmianobas niSnavs. qarTul xalxur polifoniasac<br />
SevexebiT;<br />
tembri <strong>musika</strong>lur nawarmoebSi gansazRvravs mxatvruli saxis emociur<br />
ganwyobas, ar aqvs mniSvneloba, adamianis xma iqneba es Tu mwyemsis<br />
salamuri;<br />
dinamika Weqa-quxili xmamaRla gugunebs, JuJuna wvima Gumad da<br />
wvri lad cris... rogor aisaxeba yovelive <strong>musika</strong>Si?<br />
• maTTvis, visac surs <strong>musika</strong>lur-kompiuteruli programebis<br />
gamoyenebiT musikis Cawera, tembris SerCeva, ritmuli Tanxlebis gaweva,<br />
saxelmZRvanelos bolos (gv. 118) gTavazobT programa Finale-s gamoyenebis<br />
mokle instruqcia.<br />
6
<strong>musika</strong> _ Cemi cxovrebis Tanamgzavri<br />
Gveulebriv, rodesac adamianebs vakvirdebiT, rTulia, erTi SexedviT,<br />
gamo vic noT maTi interesTa sfero, gemovneba... Tumca, adamianis<br />
Sinagani samyaro vlin deba xolme mis RimilSi, xmis intonaciaSi...<br />
<strong>musika</strong>luri nawarmoebebic, gar kveulwilad, hgvanan adamianebs. maTSic<br />
SesaZlebelia SevigrZnoT garkveuli gan wyoba: xan sevdiani, mwuxare, xan<br />
kidev naTeli, gasxivosnebuli, iumoriT ga jerebuli, msubuqi. amitomacaa,<br />
rom sxvadasxva adamians moswons da uyvars sxva dasxva stilis <strong>musika</strong>:<br />
erTni usmenen mocarts da bramss, meoreni kmayo fil debian popularuli<br />
saestrado simRerebiT...<br />
Tanamedrove <strong>musika</strong><br />
xalxuri <strong>musika</strong><br />
?<br />
gaixseneT yvelaferi, rac am terminebs ukav<br />
Sirdeba. sainteresoa, romel grafaSi aRmoGndeba<br />
ufro meti pasuxi?<br />
1<br />
?<br />
Tqven rogori stilis<br />
<strong>musika</strong> mogwonT?<br />
klasikuri <strong>musika</strong><br />
7
SegiZliaT gaixsenoT SemTxvevea, rodesac mowyenils, ugunebod myofs<br />
gunebaganwyobileba SegicvalaT lamazma, mzianma dRem an JuJuna wvimis<br />
Semdeg caze gamoGenilma cisartyelam? aRwereT Tqveni SegrZnebebi an<br />
kidev SeTxziT mcire moculobis moTxroba/leqsi.<br />
8<br />
• bavSvobis droindeli romeli simRerebi dagamaxsovrdaT/SegiyvardaT?<br />
• vin asrulebda maT?<br />
?<br />
• rogor fiqrobT, sul geyvarebaT es <strong>musika</strong>, Tu daiviwyebT<br />
rodisme?<br />
• amJamad rogori stilis <strong>musika</strong> mogwonT? ratom?<br />
• ramdenadaa axlos es <strong>musika</strong> Tqvens Sinagan samyarosTan?<br />
termins `klasikuri~ <strong>musika</strong>Si farTo gamoyeneba aqvs:<br />
klasikosebs vuwodebT warsulis saukeTeso, rCeul<br />
kompozitorebs, vsaubrobT klasikur <strong>musika</strong>lur<br />
Txzulebebze, klasikur <strong>musika</strong>lur sakravebze, klasikur<br />
jazze. amrigad, yvelafers kargs, ramac gauZlo drois<br />
msvlelobas da ganagrZobs arsebobas, vuwodebT klasikurs.
!<br />
SeasruleT/moismineT:<br />
i. bramsi. #3 simfoniis III nawilis fragmenti<br />
• aseTi musikis fonze SegiZliaT daisvenoT?<br />
• Tvalebi daxuWeT da ise moismineT, ra warmogidgaT<br />
Tvalwin?<br />
• ra grZnobebi, emociebi gaaRviZa am <strong>musika</strong>m TqvenSi?<br />
?<br />
9
warmoidgineT, fiqrobT raime erT konkretul Temaze, magram fiqrma<br />
ise ga gi tacaT, rom dadebiTi gunebaganwyobileba uaryofiTiT SegecvalaT...<br />
Semdeg isev daubrundiT sawyis azrs...<br />
gaixseneT Tqveni realobidan:<br />
xSirad xdeba, rom dilidan saRamomde<br />
erTsa da imave ganwyobaze rGebiT?<br />
?<br />
... marTlac, grZnobaTa samyaro usasrulod moZravia da cvalebadi.<br />
masze gavlenas axdens adamianis qmedeba, saubari, cxovrebiseuli<br />
warmateba Tu warumatebloba, wakiTxuli wignebi da, bolos, mosmenili<br />
<strong>musika</strong>. Tqveni azriT,<br />
ra Zala aqvs <strong>musika</strong>s?<br />
cota ram berZnuli miTologiidan...<br />
Zvel saberZneTSi <strong>musika</strong>lur aRzrda-ganviTarebas erT-erTi mniSvnelovani<br />
adgili eTmoboda. Gvenamde SemorGenil uamrav ZvelberZnul legendebSi, mi-<br />
Tebsa Tu TqmulebebSi naTladaa asaxuli musikis jadosnuri, magiuri Zala.<br />
ai, magaliTad, ras mogviTxrobs erT-erTi maTgani:<br />
rodesac SesaniSnavi momRerali, orfevsi Tavis ulamazes xmas gamos cemda,<br />
igi RmerTebze Zlevamosili xde bo da: im magiur wamebSi mxolod or fev si<br />
ganagebda samyaros, mTeli buneba emor Gileboda im saocar hangs. orfev sis<br />
xmiT mojadoebuli xeebi da klde e bic ki adgilidan iZvrodnen, GanGqe re bi<br />
wyvetdnen xmaurs, raTa damtk ba riyv nen am saocrebiT...<br />
10<br />
2 ra Zala aqvs <strong>musika</strong>s?
aranakleb sainteresoa argonavtebis<br />
mogzaurobis epizodi: kolxeTSi oqros sawmisis<br />
mosapoveblad iazonma Tan or fev sic<br />
gaiyola, vinaidan misTvis cnobili iyo, Tu<br />
ra safrTxes umzadebda mog za u rebs demonuri<br />
arsebebiT dasaxlebuli zRva.<br />
... zRvis sirinozebTan Sexvedris dros da Rupva garduvali iyo. ra<br />
safrTxes qmnidnen es saidumloebiT moculi ar se bebi, erTerTi muzis,<br />
melpomenas Svilebi? isini xom mezRvaurebs ar esxmodnen Tavs?<br />
ra da, maT hqondaT sxva, ucnauri iaraRi<br />
_ RvTaebrivi xma, araGveulebrivad mim zid <br />
veli, damaTro beli. sirinozebis sim Re riT<br />
gab ruebuli mezRvaurebi zRvaSi cviodnen<br />
da iRu pebodnen. riT daexmara orfevsi?<br />
mis ma dakvram da simReram daaxSo si rino<br />
zebis xma da mezRvaurebi gadaurGnen<br />
da Rupvas...<br />
11
12<br />
SeasruleT/moismineT:<br />
k. debiusi _ `sirinozebi~<br />
(fragmenti simfoniuri<br />
ciklidan `noqtiurnebi~)<br />
!<br />
?<br />
• mousmineT <strong>musika</strong>lur fragments<br />
da Tavad gansajeT, Seswevs am<br />
nawarmoebs Zala, rom msmeneli mieces<br />
Tavdaviwyebas?<br />
• ra SegrZnebebi dageuflaT?<br />
musikis mosmeniT miRebuli STabeWdileba<br />
aRwereT mcire moculobis literaturuli<br />
Txzulebis meSveobiT.<br />
XIX saukunis frangi kompozitoris,<br />
klod debiusis<br />
`sirinozebi~ na Teli piesasuraTia,<br />
romelSic SeigrZnoba zRvis<br />
wylebis fera dov neba, talRebis xmauri<br />
da, amasTanave, am lamazi peizaJis fonze<br />
aJ Re rebuli mSvenieri sirinozebis sim<br />
Rera...
isgan `mzaddeba~ <strong>musika</strong>?<br />
anu musikis gamomsaxveli xerxebi da saSualebebi<br />
iseve, rogorc Gveni cxovreba, <strong>musika</strong>luri nawarmoebebic Sedgeba<br />
mcire na wi lebisagan. magram yovelives _ cxovrebasac da <strong>musika</strong>sac _<br />
aRviqvamT mTlia no baSi.<br />
Tumca, xdeba xolme, rom am mTlianobidanac gamovarGevT romelimes.<br />
mu sikaluri nawarmoebis SemTxvevaSi, magaliTad, zRapruli samyaros gadmo<br />
sa cemad kompozitorebi xazs usvamen tembrul feradovnebas, sakuTari<br />
dama xa siaTebeli JReradoba aqvs <strong>musika</strong>lur mxiarulebas da mwuxarebas,<br />
dRes da Ra mes, cas da miwas...<br />
ai, ratom moiTxovs musikis gageba misi gamomsaxveli xerxebisa da<br />
saSua le bebis Sesaxeb Tundac elementarul codnas. es saSualebebi da<br />
xer xe bia: ritmi, melodia, harmonia, polifonia, faqtura, tembri da dinamika.<br />
aRniSnuli GamonaTvali SesaZlebelia gagrZelebuliyo, magram am<br />
saswavlo kur s Si gTavazobT, Gveni azriT, umTavress.<br />
!<br />
klasi daiyos sam jgufad. TiToeuli jgufis saxelwodebaa:<br />
vo kalistebi, instrumentalistebi da musi ka l uri kritikosebi.<br />
moismineT maswavleblis mier SerGeuli <strong>musika</strong>luri Txzu leba.<br />
vokalistTa jgufi ganmeorebiTi mosmenis Semdeg, SeZlebisdagvarad,<br />
ahyves <strong>musika</strong>s wamRerebiT;<br />
instrumentalistebmac ganmeorebiTi mosmenis Sedegad gansazRvron,<br />
Tu romeli tembrebi Seicnes. Gaxaton isini (SeZlebisdagvarad),<br />
Semdeg ki Jestis elementebis daxmarebiT ganasaxieron, Tu rogor<br />
SeiZleba daukran konkretul sakravze;<br />
mesame jgufma, <strong>musika</strong>lurma kritikosebma ki aRweron <strong>musika</strong>luri<br />
nawarmoebi: maTi azriT, raze fiqrobda kompozitori, rodesac am<br />
nawarmoebs qmnida; SeuZliaT naxatiT an literaturuli GanaxatiTac<br />
gadmoscen sakuTari damokidebuleba mosmenilis mimarT.<br />
3<br />
13
itmi Gven irgvliv mudmivad arsebobs. ritmulad enacvlebian erTimeores<br />
weliwadis droni, Tveebi, kvirebi, dReebi da Rameebi; ritmulia adamianis<br />
sun Tqva da guliscema; ritmulia arqiteqturuli nagebobebi, sasaxleebi<br />
da sacxov rebeli saxlebi simetriulad ganlagebuli fanjrebiT, svetebiT,<br />
GuqurTmiT...<br />
?<br />
• gifiqriaT rodisme, ratom iZinebs<br />
Gvili bavSvi ase swrafad da Tavisuflad,<br />
rodesac deda umReris `nanas~?<br />
• ratom iwyebs igi cekvas (moZraobas), rodesac<br />
raime cocxal melodias waumRereben? pataram<br />
xom jer kidev ar icis, mas ar uswavlia,<br />
rom <strong>musika</strong>ze aseTi reagireba unda moaxdinos<br />
_ imoZraos, icekvos, miyuGdes, miiZinos...<br />
yovelive metyvelebs imaze, rom ritmi arsebobs cocxal da aracocxal<br />
bunebaSi, Gven mas vxedavT da gvesmis _ kldeze zRvis talRebis mixeTqebisas,<br />
peplis frTis naxatze, xis Gamona Talze...<br />
14<br />
4-6<br />
ritmi<br />
ase imitom xdeba, rom <strong>musika</strong>luri nawarmoebis ritms 1<br />
SeuZlia zemoqmedeba moaxdinos adamianze. Sesabamisad,<br />
<strong>musika</strong>lur ritms Seswevs Zala, gamoiwvios sapasuxo reaqcia,<br />
xolo nebismieri sapasuxo reaqcia ukve dialogia.<br />
Tumca, `nanas~ zemoqmedebas bavSvze sxva faqtorebic<br />
ganapirobebs da mxolod ritms ar ukavSirdeba.<br />
1 rhythmos - simwyobre, Tanazomiereba erT-erTi umTavresi gamomsaxvelobiTi elementi<br />
<strong>musika</strong>Si. ufro viwro mniSvnelobiT ritmi gulisxmobs sxvadasxva grZliobis<br />
<strong>musika</strong>luri bgerebis Tanmimdevrul Sexamebas, farTo gagebiT ritmis cneba moicavs<br />
<strong>musika</strong>luri nawarmoebis danawevrebas frazebad, winadadebebad da a.S. ritmis gamomsaxveli<br />
mniSvneloba mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli tempTan. ritms moqmedebis siCqare<br />
ganapirobebs. am SemTxvevaSi ritmi TiTqmis tempsac niSnavs.
!<br />
moiZieT da aRbeWdeT fotofirze<br />
romelime arqiteqturuli<br />
nageboba an CuqurTma, sadac SeiniSneba<br />
ritmuloba.<br />
SeasruleT ori sxvadasxva xasiaTis<br />
simRera: erTi iyos moZ ravi, Gqar tempSi,<br />
xolo meore _ neli, mSvi di, Tundac,<br />
`iavnana~. aRwereT Tqveni SegrZnebebi:<br />
~iavnanas~ Sesrulebis dros cekvis survili<br />
xom ar gagiGndaT? ratom?..<br />
gaixseneT notis grZliobebi da SeasruleT davaleba.<br />
amisaTvis ki klasi gaiyos sam rigad. TiToeulma rigma<br />
SearGios Tavisi `diriJori~, ro me lic:<br />
a) Tavad gaarGevs da Seiswavlis ritmul naxazs;<br />
b) Seaswavlis Tavis rigs taSiT/kakuniT/TiTebis tkacuniT.<br />
sainteresoa, Tu romeli rigi ufro mokle droSi gaarTmevs<br />
davalebas Tavs (ami saT vis, usaTuod, wammzomic unda<br />
GairTos). warmatebas gisurvebT.<br />
gamocana-koncerti<br />
klasi daiyos jgufebad. TiToeulma<br />
jgufma SearGios popularuli<br />
simRera da misi ritmi fanqriT magidaze<br />
daakakunos, danarCenebma gamoicnon simRera.<br />
!<br />
!<br />
15<br />
!
gamoicaniT, romeli simReraa?<br />
• SeasruleT dakvriT/simReriT. vfiqrobT, SesrulebisTanave igrZnobT<br />
simsubuqes, silaRes, ritmisa da melodiis Tanafardobas. albaT, es<br />
simRera imitomacaa popularuli, rom mas advilad imaxsovreben da<br />
mRerian patara bavSvebic ki.<br />
16<br />
l. v. beThoveni<br />
#17 sa for te piano sonatis finali (fragmenti)<br />
?<br />
es ki, savsebiT sxva magaliTia _<br />
beThovenis # 17 safortepiano sonatis<br />
finali. ratom moviyvaneT es magaliTi<br />
am ubralo, martivi xalxuri simReris,<br />
`Wrelo pepelas~ gverdiT?<br />
saqme is aris, rom <strong>musika</strong>luri<br />
ritmis kanonebi Tanabrad vrceldeba<br />
umar ti ves simRerazec da beThovenis<br />
sonatazec.
!<br />
axla ki, xelaxla moismineT/daukariT fragmenti beThovenis<br />
Txzu le bidan:<br />
• SeecadeT ahyveT wamRerebiT `la~ marcvalze<br />
• taSiT SeasruleT (SeZlebisdagvarad) ritmuli naxazi.<br />
es sainteresoa!<br />
musikis mkvlevrebma afrikis velur<br />
tomebSi mogzaurobisas SeniSnes, rom pirvelyofil<br />
monadireebs ritmis gansakuTrebulad<br />
ganviTarebuli grZnoba gaaGndaT. maT<br />
mier Sesrulebuli simRerebi Tu sacekvao<br />
moZraobebi imdenad sinqroniuli, ritmulad<br />
organizebuli iyo, rom xtunviTi<br />
moZraobisas maTi miwaze daxtoma TiTqos<br />
erTs Seesrulebinos da ara cxras<br />
erTdroulad; arc erTi momRerali ar<br />
iwyebda sxvaze adre da, Sesabamisad,<br />
ar amTavrebda sxvaze gvian...<br />
... aRmosavleTafrikeli mtvir<br />
Tavebi, Turme, fexze imagreben JRarunebs,<br />
ro mel Ta xma ismis yoveli<br />
nabijis gadadgmisas. amgvarad,<br />
bgerebi ritmulad enacvlebian<br />
erTimeores...<br />
... maT nebismier saqmianobas<br />
Tan axlavs simReriT. mRerian,<br />
rodesac mZime tvirTs<br />
ezidebian, mRerian, ro desac<br />
sakvebs moipoveben...<br />
<strong>musika</strong>luri ritmi exmareba<br />
ada mians Sromis organizebaSic.<br />
17
18<br />
afrikul <strong>musika</strong>Si ritmi umniSvnelovanesia. swored<br />
amitom gamoiyeneben afrikelebi uamravi saxis dasartyam<br />
sakravs. momRerlebi da sakravebi xSirad melodiis<br />
nacvlad ritmebs gadmoscemen.<br />
afrikuli simRerebis melodiebi mokle frazebiTaa<br />
agebuli, martivia, xolo ritmi _ rTuli.<br />
internetSi moiZieT msoflioSi cnobili<br />
jgufis, `burundis melodiebis~ videofiri<br />
Live at the Real World. uCveneT Tanaklasebs<br />
!
unebrivia, gaGndeba kiTxva: ucxo<br />
tomebis ma galiTi rom ar mogveyvana,<br />
Gven, qarT ve leb sac xom gvaqvs Sromis<br />
procesTan dakav Si re buli simRerebi?<br />
geTanxmebiT, Gvens <strong>musika</strong>lur folklorSi<br />
uxvad mogvepoveba sxvadasxva<br />
kuTxis Sromis sim Rerebi (iseve, rogorc<br />
sawesGveulebo, sabr Zo lo, liri<br />
kuli, patriotuli da sxv.).<br />
!<br />
iswavleT simReriT<br />
glesav da glesav (xalxuri)<br />
SeiswavleT simReriT<br />
glesav da glesav (xalxuri)<br />
glesav da glesav, namgalo,<br />
namgalo, Gemo rkinao.<br />
qasuri salesaviTa.<br />
namgalo, Gemo rkinao<br />
gaglesav da migayudeb,<br />
namgalo, Gemo rkinao,<br />
gasWer, gamiZex winao,<br />
namgalo, Gemo rkinao<br />
qarTvelTa sameurneo saqmianoba xSi rad Sro miTi simRerebis fonze<br />
mim dinareobs. ga vix senoT, Tundac, `nadi~, rodesac ojaxs me zob lebi<br />
exmarebian SromiT saqmianobaSi. isini dro ebiT muSakoleqtivs ayalibeben.<br />
erTad sim Rera ki kravs koleqtivis wevrebs. nadis wev rTa<br />
moZaxili amsubuqebs SromiT process da axalisebs adamians. erTi<br />
wuTiT warmoidgineT, ra rTulia Sua simReris dros gundis mitoveba.<br />
amitomac gundi, rogorc wesi, samuSaos dam Tav rebamde erTadaa Sekruli.<br />
simRera muSaobis ritmsac karnaxobs glexs. garda amisa, sim<br />
Reris dros xmaTa SeTanxmebuli JReradoba momuSaveebs Soris TviTkma<br />
yo filebasac iwvevs...<br />
19
20<br />
gamoicaniT, romeli cekvebi sruldeba am fotoebze, Semdeg<br />
ki daaxasiaTeT maTi ritmi.<br />
rogor fiqrobT, SesaZlebe lia am cekvebis gamorGeva er<br />
Ti meorisagan ritmis Tavisebu rebis mixedviT?<br />
?
aSi mdgomareobs valsis ritmis Tavisebureba?<br />
pirvel yovlisa, mis zomaSi _ 3/4. samwilad zoma<br />
Sia Seqmnili msof li oSi yvela valsi, ara mxolod<br />
avst ri uli, aramed franguli, germanuli, ru su li...es<br />
gaxlavT taqtis erTi Zlieri da ori susti drois<br />
monacvleoba, rac brunviTi moZraobisken miuTiTebs<br />
mo cek vaveTa wyvils.<br />
!<br />
SeasruleT/moismineT<br />
Strausis valsi<br />
da SeecadeT ahyveT<br />
cekviTac.<br />
SeasruleT ritmuli naxazi:<br />
• Tvlaze `erTi~ _ taSi, Tvlaze `orisami~ _<br />
magidaze marjvenamarcxena xe lebiT dartyma. gaiTvaliswineT<br />
Semdegi: pirveli Tvla iyos Zlieri,<br />
xma ma Rali, danarGeni _ susti, Gumi;<br />
• axla ki, wamodeqiT fexze da igive ritmuli<br />
naxazi, Tvlaze `erTi~ _ xma maR la, Tvlaze `orisami~<br />
_ Gumad, SeasruleT fexebis ba ku niT, ritms<br />
miusadageT Tavisufali moZraobac.<br />
i. Strausi<br />
valsi. venis tyis zRaprebi (fragmenti)<br />
7-9<br />
21
22<br />
sxvaTa Soris, samwiladi zoma valsis garda sxva cekvebisTvisac<br />
aris niSan dob livi _ mazureki, polonezi, bolero.<br />
miuxedavad erTnairi zomisa, am cek vebs advilad gamovarGevT<br />
erTimeorisagan.<br />
f. Sopeni<br />
mazureki (fragmenti)<br />
!<br />
• SeasruleT/mousmineT<br />
da SeecadeT<br />
ahyveT taSiT;<br />
• axla ki xelaxla<br />
mousmineT Strausis valss,<br />
SeadareT es ori nimuSi,<br />
aris maT So ris gansxvaveba<br />
an msgavseba?
iswavleT da SeasruleT TanaklaselebTan erTad. Tu gsurT,<br />
dawyvildiT da simReras sacekvao moZraobebic daurTeT.<br />
Tbilisis dila<br />
kinofilmidan `abezara~<br />
<strong>musika</strong> s. cincaZis<br />
teqsti p. gruzinskis<br />
roca Cemi qveynis zecas<br />
mtredis feri edeba,<br />
maSin dila Cems TbilisSi<br />
simRerebiT Tendeba.<br />
Tbilisic xom simReraa<br />
agaRelvebs, gadagwvavs,<br />
uTbilisod saqarTvelo<br />
zRaparSiac ara mwams.<br />
sanapiros xeivani<br />
tirifebi, verxvebi,<br />
rom SemeZlos, rogorc satrfos<br />
moval Semogexvevi.<br />
Tbilisic xom simReraa,<br />
agaRelvebs, gadagwvavs,<br />
uTbilisod saqarTvelo<br />
zRaparSiac ara mwams.<br />
Tqveni azriT, s. cincaZis simRera, orwilad zomaSia dawerili<br />
Tu samwilad zomaSi?<br />
gaixseneT, ra iciT sulxan cincaZis Sesaxeb?<br />
!<br />
?<br />
23
amoirGieT xazi da feri<br />
araerTgzis mosmenili/Sesrulebuli Strausis valsi da<br />
So pe nis mazurka gamosaxeT xazebiT, anu romel xazs da fers<br />
miu sa da gebdiT aqedan valss da romels mazurkas?<br />
!<br />
mazurekis ritmuli naxazi gansxvavdeba valsis mdore,<br />
tal Ri se bu ri moZraobisagan, igi savsea sworxazovani intonaciebiT,<br />
mkveTri aq centebiT (xSirad sust droze).<br />
!<br />
f. Sopeni<br />
polonezi (fragmenti)<br />
polonezis ritmi kidev erTi nairsaxeobaa samwilad zomaSi<br />
dawerili sa cek vao musikis. es gaxlavT sazeimo cekvasvla. mousmineT<br />
<strong>musika</strong>s da gan sazR vreT, rogori moZraoba SeiZleba Sesruldes aseTi<br />
musikis TanxlebiT?<br />
24
es ki, espanuri ce<br />
k vis, boleros sanoto<br />
maga li Tia:<br />
m. raveli<br />
• taSiT SeasruleT ritmuli naxazi<br />
• SeasruleT melodia `la~ marcvalze.<br />
!<br />
25
• SeasruleT es ritmuli naxazi taSiT/kakuniT<br />
• sTxoveT Tqvens megobars, am ritms Seusabamos raime motivi/<br />
melodia<br />
• axla ki, Tavad moifiqreT raime sxva ritmuli naxazi da<br />
sTxoveT me gob rebs taSiT/kakuniT/xelT arsebuli <strong>musika</strong>luri instru<br />
men te biT gaimeoron igi.<br />
26<br />
!<br />
a. xaGaturiani<br />
cekva xmlebiT (fragmenti baletidan `gaiane~)<br />
SeecadeT gaimeoroT `ta~ marcvalze<br />
am fragmentis ritmuli naxazi.<br />
!
frangma kompozitorma debiusim Tavis piesaSi saxelwodebiT `kekuoki~<br />
jazuri musikisaTvis damaxasiaTebel ritms mimarTa.<br />
!<br />
`kekuoki~ XX saukunis dasawyisSi<br />
warmoiSva. es cekva Semdeg Secvala<br />
foqstrotma, Carlstonma. ufro<br />
mogvianebiT ki am cekvam `kankanis~<br />
(varie teebi sa da kafeSantanebis<br />
cekva) msgavsi xasiaTi miiRo.<br />
naxeT da moismineT `rusuli cekva~,<br />
fragmenti igor stravinskis baletidan<br />
`petruSka~. rogori ritmu li naxazi<br />
aqvs Tqven mier mosmenil <strong>musika</strong>s,<br />
mdore, talRi seburi Tu swor xazovani<br />
intonacie biT, mkveTri aqcentebiT?<br />
moismineT es piesa.<br />
SeecadeT ta SiT gaimeoroT<br />
am nawar moebis ritmuli<br />
naxazi. aRwe reT<br />
Tqve ni SegrZ ne bebi.<br />
!<br />
27
xdeba xolme, rodesac vusmenT <strong>musika</strong>s da Gvens mexsierebaSi rGeba<br />
ritmuli naxazi an motivi, an kidev fraza, melodiac. aseTi advili<br />
dasamaxsovrebelia, magaliTad, beThovenis #5 simfoniis dasawyisi,<br />
sakmarisia erTxel mousminoT, mexsierebaSi darGeba ai, es ritmi:<br />
am motivze Tavad genialurma kompozitorma ase brZana: `ase<br />
bediswera gvikakunebs kars~. `bedisweris motivi~ _ swored aseTi<br />
saxelwodebiT Sevida musikis istoriaSi es oTxi bgerisagan Semdgari<br />
motivi.<br />
rodesac vsaubrobT ritmze, gverds ver avuvliT temps.<br />
gaixseneT, romel <strong>musika</strong>lur<br />
temps icnobT? ?<br />
Tqven mier GamoTvlili tempebis aRniSvnebis garda gamoiyeneba<br />
maTi gamaZlierebeli (molto _ Zalian) an Semasustebeli (ma non troppo<br />
_ magram arc ise) xasiaTis terminebi.<br />
28<br />
10 bedisweris motivi<br />
Tqveni azriT, rogor tempSi<br />
unda Sesruldes:<br />
• Gafiqrebuli xasiaTis <strong>musika</strong>?<br />
• saxumaro, mxiaruli ganwyobis<br />
amsaxveli <strong>musika</strong>?<br />
?
punqtiruli ritmi<br />
`me daviRupebi Tavisuf le bisaTvis. misTvis vcxovrobdi, misTvis<br />
vibrZodi, mas msxverplad Sevwirav sakuTar sicocxles... samSoblos<br />
dasacavad mogiwodebT yvelas!~ _ aseTi gmiruli mowodebiT sruldeba<br />
germaneli mwerlis, volfgang goeTes dramatuli nawarmoebi,<br />
saxelwodebiT `egmonti~.<br />
goeTes tragediaSi asaxulia XVI saukunis nam dvili<br />
istoriuli ambebi: niderlandelebis (holandia)<br />
ganmaTavisuflebeli brZola espanel dampyrobTa<br />
winaaRmdeg, ro melic espaneli mmarTvelis, hercog<br />
albas mier sastikad iqna GaxSobili. ajanyebulTa<br />
be ladi egmonti (grafi lemonali) ki sikv di liT<br />
iqna dasjili.<br />
29
as niSnavs `dramatuli Sinaarsis nawarmoebi~? es aris qmnileba,<br />
romelSic gadmocemulia daZabuli movlenebi, brZola. udidesma germanelma<br />
kom pozitorma beThovenma Seqmna <strong>musika</strong> goeTes `egmontisaTvis~.<br />
ga mov yofT erTerT <strong>musika</strong>lur nomers am nawarmoebidan, klerhenis<br />
(egmontis sat rfos) simReras, `grgvinaven dafebi~. simReris intonaciebi<br />
aRsavsea gmiruli SemarTebiT, simkacriT:<br />
<strong>musika</strong>Si daZabulobis efeqts qmnis e. w. punqtiruli ritmi.<br />
`punqtum~ niSnavs wertils.<br />
punqtiruli ritmi Gveulebrivi ritmi<br />
daakvirdiT pirvel magaliTs, notis gverdiT wertilia dasmuli _<br />
wer ti li nots umatebs Tavisi grZliobis naxevars. punqtiruli ritmi<br />
<strong>musika</strong>lur nawarmoebs aniWebs simkveTres. igi xSirad gamoiyeneba<br />
marSebSi, gmiruli xasiaTis nawarmoebebSi.<br />
waikiTxeT da gaiTamaSeT egmontis monologi goeTes dra mi dan<br />
`egmonti~:<br />
!<br />
`o, Gemo mamaco xalxo! gamarjvebis qalRmerTi migviZRvis<br />
win! GavaxSoT tiranebis cixesimagre! ganvdevnoT isini usamarTlod<br />
dapyrobili miwidan!~<br />
grgvinaven dafebi.<br />
`Gu! gesmiT! ra xSirad momiwodebda es xmebi brZolis velze gamarjvebisaken!<br />
rogorc iqna, Rirseuli sikvdilis Sesaxvedrad momiwevs<br />
wasvla! me daviRupebi TavisuflebisaTvis. misTvis vcxovrobdi, misTvis<br />
vibrZodi, mas msxverplad Sevwirav sakuTar sicocxles... samSoblos<br />
dasacavad mogiwodebT yvelas!~<br />
dafebi.<br />
`mteri yoveli mxridan gvitevs. xmlebi elaven, megobrebo, uSiSrad<br />
SevxvdeT mters... Gvens zurgs ukan colebi, moxucebi da bavSvebi<br />
arian! samSoblosaTvis gavwioT win!~<br />
dafebi. farda eSveba, JRers <strong>musika</strong>, romelic asrulebs piesas<br />
gamarjvebis simfoniiT.<br />
30
ogorc zemoT SeniSneT, goeTes dramis mTavar gmirs, egmonts<br />
hyavs satrfo _ klerheni. moifiqreT da warmoadgineT scena _<br />
`egmontis gamoTxoveba klerhenTan~.<br />
!<br />
• SeasruleT taSiT<br />
• Tqveni azriT, amgvari ritmi daZabulobis efeqts qmnis?<br />
• axla ki sTxoveT megobars, kakuniT daukras es ritmuli<br />
naxati, Tavad ki, raime melodia SeuxameT simReriT an dakvriT.<br />
!<br />
31
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