“umjobesia omi, vidre mSvidoba, romelic RmerTs gangvaSorebs” (wm
“umjobesia omi, vidre mSvidoba, romelic RmerTs gangvaSorebs” (wm
“umjobesia omi, vidre mSvidoba, romelic RmerTs gangvaSorebs” (wm
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იnterviu mama zurabTan (aroSvili)<br />
<strong>“umjobesia</strong> <strong>omi</strong>, <strong>vidre</strong> <strong>mSvidoba</strong>, <strong>romelic</strong> <strong>RmerTs</strong> <strong>gangvaSorebs”</strong> (<strong>wm</strong>.<br />
svimeon axali RvTismetyveli)<br />
kiTxva:<br />
Zvirfaso mama zurabi, gTxovT, warudginoT Tqveni Tavi „didgoris“ mkiTxvels,<br />
rodis moxda Tqveni gandgoma saqarTvelos sapatriarqodan, da daaxasiaToT is<br />
zogadi viTareba, ratom da ris gamo ganudeqiT saqarTvelos sapatriarqos? aseve<br />
gTxovT, warmoadginoT, is mRvdelmTavari, vis iurisdiaqciaSic imyofebiT Tqven dRes;<br />
gangvimarteT Tu SeiZleba, sjulis ra kanonis safuZvelze moxda Tqveni gandgoma<br />
saqarTvelos patriarq ilia meoresgan da aseve ra saeklesio kanonis safuZvelze<br />
SexvediT sxva mRvdelmTavris daqvemdebarebaSi?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
1997 wels saqarTvelos ber-monazvnobis erTma nawilma miiRo gadawyvetileba<br />
ekumenisturi mwvaleblobis gamo gaewyvita evqaristiuli kavSiri patriarq ilia IIsTan.<br />
Ees monastrebi iyo: Sio-mRvimis, beTaniis, daviT-garejis, zarzmis da<br />
qvaTaxevis; maT SeuerTda saero pirTa erTi nawili, maT Soris Cvenc _ me da Cemi<br />
Zma ( amJamad mRv. gelasi aroSvili).<br />
saubrebi, kamaTebi da xSirad mwvave dapirispirebebi am Temaze daiwyo didi xnis<br />
win. daaxloebiT 80-iani wlebis Sua periodSi. am moZraobis kera beTaniis monasteri<br />
iyo, sadac im periodSi m. ioane (SeylaSvili) da m. lazare (abaSiZe) moRvaweobden. D<br />
dapirispireba daiwyo mas Semdeg, rac 1983 wels ilia II-em sionSi aziara iezuiti<br />
mRvdlebi., rasac mohyva m. ioanes mxridan mxileba, xolo mxilebis Semdgom daiwyo<br />
ukve dapirispireba Cveni sar<strong>wm</strong>unebisaTvis friad mniSvnelovan saRvTismetyvelo<br />
sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. Aam sakiTxs, moZRvrebas Tu ideologias (rogorc Cven<br />
gvinda, ise SegviZlia vuwodoT) hqvia – ekumenizmi!<br />
1983 wlis movlenebs daerTo 1986 wels saqarTvelos eklesiis ofic. delegaciis<br />
Casvla romSi – mitr. konstantinesi da daviT daTuaSvilisa qalaq asizSi gamarTul<br />
pan-ekumenistur locvaze, sadac yvela religiisa da satanistebis warmomadgenlebic<br />
ki Rebulobdnen monawileobas da kurTxevac miiRes misgan da amis niSnad xelze<br />
eamboren mas. Semdgom 1988 wels ilia II-m imogzaura samcxe-javaxeTSi, sadac<br />
mravali kaToliked wodebuli da monofiziti aziara da iqadaga Semdegi: _<br />
`sofel valeSi kaTolikuri eklesiac moiloca qarTuli eklesiis saWeTmpyrobelma.<br />
man Tavis sityvaSi gansakuTrebiT gausva xazi sruli urTierTgagebis mniSvnelobas<br />
marTlmadidebel da kaTolike mor<strong>wm</strong>uneebs Soris: `Cven yvelani erTni varT. Ggvwams<br />
erTi mama, Ze da suli <strong>wm</strong>ida. TqvenSi ar unda iyos ganyofa. roca locva aq aris, aq<br />
unda iyoT, roca iq, marTlmor<strong>wm</strong>une eklesiaSi, iq unda iyoT da ilocoT... albaT<br />
iciT, rom saqarTveloSi kaTolike mRvdlebi karga xania aRar arian. maTi momzadeba<br />
respublikis farglebs gareT xdeba da mTel rig siZneleebTan aris dakavSirebuli.<br />
me SemiZlia gamogigzavnoT iseTi mRvdeli, <strong>romelic</strong> Tanabari siyvaruliT ilocebs<br />
TqvenTan erTad, rogorc marTlmadideblur, aseve kaTolikur taZarSi... Tqvens<br />
mxareSi xSirad kamaToben, rom me kaTolike var, Sen marTlmadidebeli da amitom<br />
sxvani varTo. nu dagaviwydebaT, rom Cven erTni varT da gvwams sameba – mama, Ze da<br />
suli <strong>wm</strong>ida. da Tu mainc moxda romsa da bizantias Soris ganxeTqileba XI<br />
saukuneSi, es ufro politikur xasiaTs atarebda da ara dogmatur-<br />
RvTismetyvelurs, Tanac am ganxeTqilebis miuxedavad ar momxdara ganxeTqileba
omsa da saqarTvelos Soris... saqarTvelo aris iseTi qveyana, sadac megobrulad<br />
cxovroben qarTveli marTlmadideblebi, kaTolikeebi, somexi grigorianebi. samive<br />
sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis aRmsareblebs swamT erTi mama RmerTi, Ze da suli <strong>wm</strong>ida~ (qadageba<br />
mesxeT-javaxeTSi.<br />
`jvari vazisa~, 1988, #4, gv.22-42).<br />
amis gamo, ilia II-s ramodenime stiqarosanma gavixadeT stiqrebi da davtoveT<br />
sioni. Aam periodSi vcxovrobdiT beTaniis monasterSi, sadac m. ioanes da m.<br />
lazaresTan erTad gadawyda, seriozulad Segveswavla <strong>wm</strong>. mamebi. gansakuTrebiT maTi<br />
swavleba Tu damokidebuleba mwvaleblobasTan mimarTebaSi. Semdgom, 1989 wlidan<br />
ki, daviwyeT marTlmadidebeli qristianis biblioTekis serialiT wignis - “sityva<br />
marTlisa sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebisa”-s gamocema. pirveli t<strong>omi</strong>s gamosvlisTanave<br />
sapatriarqosTvis cxadi gaxda Cveni Seurigebeli pozicia yovelgvari religiuri<br />
sinkretizmis mimarT, rac maT ekumenistur gegmebs ar Seefereboda. Aamitomac daiwyo<br />
Cveni Seviwroeba, magram wignebi swrafad vrceldeboda saqarTveloSi da garkveuli<br />
Sedegic saxeze iyo. axalgazrda samRvdeloebis da maTi mrevlis didi nawili<br />
msoflxedvelobrivad ekumenizmis winaaRmdeg ganewyo. gansakuTrebiT 1995 wels<br />
gamocemulma mexuTe tomma (sadac bulgareli arqimandritebis serafime aleqsievis da<br />
sergi iazajievis wignis “ratom ar SeiZleba qristiani iyos ekumenisti” da aseve<br />
serbi arq. iustine popoviCis “marTlmadidebeli eklesia da ekumenizmis” Targmanebi<br />
gamoqveynda). romelsac epigrafad davurTeT <strong>wm</strong> grigoli RvTismetyvelis brwyinvale<br />
sityvebi –“yvelanairi <strong>mSvidoba</strong> rodia saRmrTo <strong>mSvidoba</strong>! rameTu arsebobs mSvenieri<br />
uTanxmoebac da arsebobs damRupveli erTsulovnebac. unda gviyvardes mxolod<br />
WeSmariti <strong>mSvidoba</strong>, keTilmizandasaxuli da RmerTTan mimyvanebeli . . . .” (sityva<br />
meeqvse, mSvidobis Sesaxeb).Uukidurised mtrulad ganewyo ilia II da sapatriarqo<br />
Cvendami. ra Tqma unda, gasagebic iyo ilia II-es reaqcia, radganac 1978 wlidan<br />
“eklesiaTa msoflio sabWos” erT-erTi Tanaprezidenti iyo 8 wlis ganmavlobaSi da<br />
amiT amayobda kidec, ai nawyveti misi imdroindeli qadagebidan, sadac kargad Cans am<br />
kacis sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba: -<br />
`Tqveno maRalyovladusamRvdeloesobav, qristes mier sayvarelo Zmao, kardinalo<br />
batono ioane! Cveni guli aRvsilia sixaruliTa da madlierebiT RvTisadmi. dRes<br />
erTad aRvavlendiT locvas ori uZvelesi eklesiis warmomadgenelni. Cven bevri ram<br />
gvaerTianebs: erTi ufali Cveni – ieso qriste, erTi r<strong>wm</strong>ena, erTi siyvaruli... ~<br />
(sityva, warmoTqmuli sionis taZarSi kardinal vilebrandsis mimarT `jvari vazisa~,<br />
1979, #1. gv. 10).<br />
<strong>wm</strong>. mamebi ki sxva azris iyvnen mwvaleblebTan erTad locvaze da maTi<br />
sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis Tavis sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebad gamocxadebis Sesaxeb. gamocemuli faqtobrivi<br />
masaliT, romelsac “sityva marTlisa sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebisas” mexuTe t<strong>omi</strong> Seicavda,<br />
mtkiceboda, rom saerTod ekumenizmi da konkretulad es organizaciac da “evropis<br />
eklesiaTa konferenciac” (orives organuli wevri iyo saq. eklesia) Rrmad<br />
eretikuli Sinaarsis matarebeli organizaciebi iyo da misi organuli wevroba<br />
moaswavebda am organizaciaTa konstituciis, maT mier SemuSavebul erTobliv<br />
deklaraciaTa da dokumentTa Tanaziarobas. xolo tyuili imis Sesaxeb, rom TiTqos<br />
e.w. marTlmadideblebi am ekumenistur krebebze saqadageblad dadiodnen, Cven mier<br />
gamoqveynebul masalebidan sacnauri xdeboda. ai, magaliTebi maT mier e.w.<br />
“WeSmaritebis mo<strong>wm</strong>obisa” –<br />
ekumenizmis mociqulebi
`marTlmadidebeli eklesia ar moiTxovs, rom sxva qristianebi moeqcnen da<br />
daubrundnen deda eklesias... marTlmadidebel eklesias ara aqvs ufleba vinmes masTan<br />
SeerTebisaken mouwodos~ (ems-s `r<strong>wm</strong>enisa da mowyobis~ k<strong>omi</strong>siis angariSi, ЖМП,<br />
#9, 1975). ЖМП - es aris oficialuri, beWvdiTi organo moskovis sapatriarqosi.<br />
moskovis patriarqi aleqsi II: `me vloculob, raTa “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWo”<br />
erTguli darCes Tavisi Tavdapirveli mowodebisa, anu yvela eklesiis saerTo<br />
survilis aRmasrulebeli iyos sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebrivi erTobisa da evqaristiuli kavSiris<br />
miRwevis saqmeSi~(ЖМП, #6, 1991, gv. 60).<br />
`r<strong>omi</strong>s kaTolikuri eklesia madlmosilia iseve, rogorc marTlmadidebluri~<br />
(,,Русская линия’’, 20. 9. 99).<br />
mTavarepiskoposi iakobi (konstantinopolis sapatriarqo): `aucilebelia<br />
gaTavisufleba elinisturi ideebisagan, romlebic saukuneebis manZilze iyvnen<br />
gabatonebulni qristianobaSi da TanaedroveobaSi dakarges TavianTi mniSvneloba.<br />
saWiroa maTi Secvla. CvenTvis aucilebelia sruliad axali qristianoba, axali<br />
warmodgenebiTa da gansazRvrebebiT. rodesac Cven vsaubrobT RmerTze, rogorc<br />
uzenaes arsebaze, axalgazrdobas Cveni ar esmis. swavlebas logosze, ieso qristes<br />
pirovnebaze, rogorc gankacebul RvTis sityvaze, gansakuTrebiT ki <strong>wm</strong>. samebis<br />
dogmatze da mis Tvisebebze dRes Qara aqvs gasavali, radgan axalma miRwevebma<br />
dajab¬nes Zveli ideebi. Cven ver vaswavliT im qristianobas, romelsac odesRac<br />
Tavad gavecaniT~(,,New York Times, 25.09.67).<br />
mitropoliti giorgi kodre (antioqiis sapatriarqo): `rodesac budisti anda<br />
musulmani TavianT saRmrTo wignebs kiTxuloben, madlismieri STagonebiT<br />
gabrwyinebulni, isini TviT qristes Wvreten. suli <strong>wm</strong>idis madli araqristianul<br />
religiebSic moqmedebs. suli cxovrobs iq, sadac surs. qristianebi, romlebic<br />
mowodebulni arian qristesken, rogorc WeSmaritebisken, ar Seuqmnian raime<br />
dabrkolebas sxva WeSmaritebebs, romlebic sxva tradiciebSia gafantuli, radganac<br />
yvela es WeSmariteba erTi RmrTaebrivi wyarodan momdinareoben. dialogis mizani<br />
aris Sedegebis miRweva religiur gardamocemaTa gverdis avliT, radganac es<br />
gardamocemani winaaRmdegobaSi arian erTmaneTTan. vipovoT RmrTaebrivi WeSmariteba,<br />
<strong>romelic</strong> Sefarulia sxvadasxva niSnebsa da simboloebs miRma – ai, mTavari mizani. es<br />
ar aris sinkretizmi, es Tavad qristea, romelsac Cven Tayvans vcemT, <strong>romelic</strong><br />
sxvadasxva religiaTa ukidegano sivrceebze daabijebs~ (,,Faith and Order’’, Paper #166,<br />
WCC Publications,GJeneva, 1994).,<br />
Sveicariis mitropoliti damaskinosi: `dadga dro, vaRiaroT arseboba `eklesiisa<br />
eklesiis gareSe~ mTeli misi savsebiT, romlis erTianoba sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis arsSi<br />
mdgomareobs~ (,,irenikon’’, 1975, #2, gv..255).<br />
serbeTis patriarqi pavle: `me yoveli liturgiis dros prosk<strong>omi</strong>diaSi (kveTa)<br />
vixsenieb r<strong>omi</strong>s pap ioane pavle II-s~ (interviu saagento ENI-sadmi, Вдъ-Информ,<br />
aprili, 1999).<br />
varSavis mitropoliti saba: `sxvadasxva aRmsareblobaTa `sinTezis~ umZimes gzaze<br />
mravali wyalqveSa kldea. kidev bevri Zalisxmevis daxarjva iqneba saWiro, raTa<br />
sxvadasxva religiaTa ganStoebani erT, Zlier xed iqcnen. Cven gamovxatavT udides<br />
madlierebas r<strong>omi</strong>s papis mimarT, <strong>romelic</strong> dauRalavad iRvwis am keTilSobilur<br />
asparezze~ (,,Religion Today’’, 12.6. 99).<br />
avstraliis mTavarepiskoposi stilianosi (konstantinopolis sapatriarqo):<br />
`Tavisi cxovrebis dasawyisSi qriste codvili iyo. man ucodvelobas TandaTan<br />
miaRwia. masSi mimdinareobda brZola mis or bunebasa da or nebas Soris~ (1988 wlis<br />
saSobao epistole, ,,Voice of Orthodoxy’’, dekemberi, 1987).
`adamianis maimunisagan warmoSobis Teoria CemTvis misaRebia~ (`Voice of<br />
Orthodoxy’’, ianvar-Tebervali, 1987).<br />
mitropoliti neqtarios kalumnoseli (konst. sapatr.): `rodesac ukanaskneli 30<br />
wlis ganmavlobaSi asobiT kaTolike mRvdelma sakuTar eklesiaSi mRvdloba miatova,<br />
marTlmadidebeli eklesia sistematiurad aridebda Tavs maT miRebas Tavis wiaRSi,<br />
raTa ar mowamluliyo urTierToba uZveles r<strong>omi</strong>s eklesiasTan. da rodesac evropis<br />
mraval samrevlos, maT Soris, italiaSi _ undodaT kidev erTxel<br />
marTlmadideblobaSi gadmosvla, Cven windaxedulad davuxureT maT kari.<br />
marTlmadidebloba ar saWiroebs prozelitizms. is amjobinebs datovos aTasobiT<br />
yofili kaTolike sulieri xelmZRvanelobis gareSe. magram saubedurod isini sxva<br />
eklesiologiur cd<strong>omi</strong>lebaSi Cavardnen _ isini aRmoCndnen Zveli kalendris<br />
mimdevarTa xelSi. amrigad ekumenuri dialogis simtkice uryevi rCeba.~ (aTenis<br />
gazeTi `vema”, 1 marti, 1992).<br />
smolenskis mitropoliti kirile: `eklesiaTa msoflio sabWo” momavali erTiani<br />
eklesiis akvania~ (moxseneba ems-s VII asambleaze, kanbera, avstralia).<br />
raRa Tqma unda , ilia II-em pirad Seuracyofad aRiqva mexuTe t<strong>omi</strong>s<br />
gamosvla.Mmokled, sapatriarqom akrZala am t<strong>omi</strong>s saqarTvelos eklesiebSi<br />
gavrceleba! wigni mainc gavrcelda. mRvdlebisa da ber-monazonTa nawilma gaavrcela<br />
Tavis samrevloebSi.<br />
1997 wlis gazafxulidan ber-monazonTa erT nawilSi daiwyo msjeloba imis<br />
Sesaxeb ,Tu ramdenad swori iyo amgvari religiuri organazaciis wevroba, anu<br />
sapatriarqosi, <strong>romelic</strong> e. m. s.-sis organuli wevri iyo. Cvenc monawileni viyaviT am<br />
Sexvedrebisa da msjelobebisa. es moZraoba SeumCneveli ar darCa sapatriarqos da<br />
amave wlis martSi mitropolitma danielma, me da Cems Zmas, Sexvedra gvTxova<br />
(yofili mRv. daviT daTuaSvili). Cvenc SevxvdiT. saubars eswreboda episkoposi<br />
pavlec (faCuaSvili) da ramodenime monazoni. mitr. danielma pirdapir gviTxra, rom<br />
sapatrirqo flobda informacias eklesiaSi SesaZlo didi ganxeTqilebis Sesaxeb da<br />
isic icoda, rom Cvenc vmonawileobdiT am moZraobaSi. Mman gvTxova, rom <strong>mSvidoba</strong><br />
SegvenarCunebina eklesiisTvis da yvelanairad Seecdeboda patriarqTan eSuamdgomla<br />
da molaparakebebi ewarmoebina, rom yvela sakiTxi mSvidobianad gadawyvetiliyo. Cven<br />
Zalian ubralod da magram erTmniSvnelovnad movTxoveT e. m. s-is da keci-is<br />
datoveba oficialurad, da aseve, sajaro dagmoba ekumenisturi moZraobisa da misi<br />
ideologiisa, aseve, uaryofa yvela erToblivi dokumentebisa. mitr. danielma<br />
gviTxra, rom es SeuZlebeli iqneboda da amis gakeTeba arc iyo saWiro. erTi<br />
argumentic ki moiyvana – Cven rom gamovideT am organizaciebidano, maSin evropa da<br />
msoflio blokadas gamoucxadeben saqarTvelos da xalxi SimSiliT mokvdebao, maSin<br />
eri mogvadgeba Cveno da gvetyvian, mogveciT purio da Cven ra uTxraT maTo? (maSin<br />
ras ifiqrebda rom or TveSi TviTonve moawerda xels, da Tanac daCqarebuli wesiT,<br />
e. m. s.-is da kec—is datovebas) Cemma Zmam uTxra; gayideT dagrovili qoneba da<br />
mieciTo, mitropolitma upasuxa - Cven ki gavyidiT, magram ar eyofaTo. Mme vuTxari<br />
maSin mitropolits da episkoposs: Ae.i. Tqven iZaxiT, rom Tu eklesia WeSmaritebis<br />
erTgulebas SeinarCunebs, maSin RmerTi mis ers SimSiliT moklavs-Tqo?<br />
kiTxva ritorikuli aRmoCnda, pasuxi bundovani. mokled, amas ver vizamT Cveno-<br />
gviTxres episkoposebma da Cvenc sabolood davcildiT maT. anda ra saerTo<br />
SeiZleboda gvqonoda aseT episkoposebTan?!<br />
Ddidi marxvis periodSi cxadi gaxda, rom evqaristiuli kavSiris gawyveta<br />
aucileblad moxdeboda. arqimadriti ioane, arqimadriti grigoli (kobaxiZe) da
arqimandriti giorgi (xabeiSvili) da BbeTaniis monasteri mzad iyvnen ukve amisTvis;<br />
arq. ioanem dawera patara werili. sabolood gadawyvetileba miiRo meore<br />
arqimadritma giorgimac (bariSvili) (Sio-mRvimis winamZRvari) da Sio-mRvimis<br />
monastris saxeliT gagzavnil iqna es werili sapatriarqoSi. werils erqva – ”obol<br />
viqmneniT viTarca armqonebelni mamasa” (locva ieremiasi).<br />
mogvianebiT qvaTa-xevis monasteric SemourTda am monastrebs (winamZRvari arq.<br />
basili (maCitaZe))<br />
U ufro vrclad 1997 wlis movlenebis Sesaxeb SegiZliaT ixiloT am veb gverdze<br />
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Thebes/1865/RussIndex.html<br />
M maleve Seikriba sinodi da bevrisTvis (da ara yvelasTvis) moulodneli<br />
gadawyvetileba miiRo- daetovebina “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWo” da kec-i. Zalian<br />
damfrTxlebi da SeSinebulebi iyvnen maSin sapatriqos karze. me piradad miwevda<br />
xolme misvla da rigrigobiT mimqonda sxvadasxva monastrebis werilebi<br />
evqaristiuli kavSiris gawyvetis Sesaxeb, am werilebs patriarqis pirad mdivans<br />
xelSi vabarebdi.<br />
aqve unda aRiniSnos, manamde, Cveni kargi megobris da beris, arq. lazare<br />
(abaSiZis) saqcieli. is, 1997 wlis zamTrSi, ilia II-ze ganawyenebuli zogierT<br />
saeklesio sakiTxze, da aseve ekumenizmis gamoc, gaemgzavra aTonze. saidanac mudmivad<br />
hqonda Cems ZmasTan satelefono kavSiri. is iZaxoda, rom aTonelebis didi nawili<br />
fiqrobs, rom jer adrea ukiduresi zomebis mimarTvao da ar gawyvitoT<br />
evqaristiuli kavSirio. Aaq ki movlenebi, rogorc zemoT vTqviT, ase warimarTa:<br />
gazafxulze dabrunda arq. Llazare saqarTveloSi. iyo ori saubari da Sexvedra<br />
masTan. is uaryofiTad iyo ganwyobili momxdari faqtis gamo da jiutad imeorebda:<br />
aTonze Tqves jer adreao! Mmokled, sinodis sxd<strong>omi</strong>s wina Rames sakuTari<br />
surviliT iTxova audiencia ilia II-sTan da uTxra, rom aTonelebi iZaxian didi<br />
mniSvneloba ar eqneba, ginda gamodi da ginda ara ekumenizmidano! Aase amboben<br />
aToneli mamebi: cudiao ekumenizmi, magram im berebs ar amarTleben, vinc SenTan<br />
kavSiri gawyvitao! Ees Cven meore dilas misi satelefono saubridan SevityeT,<br />
rodesac man m. iones daureka da TviTon mouTxro yvelaferi, rac wina Rames gaakeTa.<br />
pirdapir da erTmniSvnelovnad unda iTqvas - amas binZuri Ralati erqva, ara Cveni da<br />
am moZraobis, aramed marTlmadideblobisa!<br />
zemoT aRvniSne, rom bevrisTvis, magram ara yvelasTvis, moulodneli iyo sinodis<br />
es gadawyvetileba. zewola Zalian didi iyo sinodze. sinodis sxd<strong>omi</strong>s wina dReebSi<br />
ekumenizmidan gamosvlis moTxovnas SeurTda Semoqmedis eparqiis TiTqmis yvela<br />
sasuliero piri. aman kidev ufro didi wnexis qveS moaqcia sinodi. ase rom,<br />
gamosvlis Sesaxeb gadawyvetileba masebze da sasuliero pirTa did nawilze,<br />
romelTac kargad ar hqondaT gaazrebuli, Tu ras warmoadgenda ekumenizmi<br />
msoflios ofic. marTlmadidebel eklesiebSi, damamSvideblad imoqmedebda. ilia II-em<br />
es kargad da gonivrulad gaTvala. xolo maT, vinc es iZulebiTi nabiji<br />
gadaadgmevina, sasuliero piroba SeuCera da winamZRvrobidan gadaayena, xolo<br />
eriskacebi uziareblobiT dasaja. ase, rom antiekumenisti gmiric gamoCnda da Tanac<br />
Tavisi ideologiuri mtrebi, anu isini, vinc aiZula es gaekeTebina, sastikad dasaja.<br />
avtoriteti erTi asad aiwia egzaltirebul da viTom antiekumenist samRvdeloebis<br />
didi nawilSi da maT samrevloebSi.<br />
amitom misi es viTomc “sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebrivi” gadawyvetileba, (rogorc amas uwodebs<br />
dRes bevri motyuebuli adamiani) Sevamo<strong>wm</strong>eT Cveni meore weriliT, saTauriT- “Ria<br />
werili saqarTvelos eklesiis sinods” da epigrafiT “morCilebai jer ars RmrTisai
ufrois <strong>vidre</strong> kacTai” (samoc. 5, 29), sadac movTxoveT, gaewyvitaT kavSiri yvela<br />
ekumenistur sapatriarqoebTan. razec, ra Tqma unda, saboloo da kategoriuli uari<br />
miviReT. icoda ilia II-em, rom ukve pirveli gadawyvetilebis Semdgom mas ramodenime<br />
sasuliero pirisa da mcire eriskacTa jgufis garda winaaRmdegobas aravin gauwevda.<br />
asec moxda. Cveni Zveli megobrebi da Tanamoazre sasuliero pirebi ganeitralden da<br />
dakmayofilden sinodis gadawyvetilebiT.<br />
A arq. Ggrigoli kobaxiZe - daviT garejis winamZRvari gaemgzavra saberZneTSi<br />
episkoposis mosaZebnad. Aarq. giorgi bariSvili Tavs ikavebda axali episkoposis<br />
moZebnaze ( da dRemde Tavs ikavebs). danarCeni sasuliero pirebi fiqrobdnen rusul<br />
emigrantul eklesiaze, magram maT xma ar gagvces da Cveni werilebi upasuxod<br />
datoves. am periodSi msoflios religiuri eleqt. presa da sainformacio<br />
saSualebebi farTod aSuqebden mimdinare movlenebs. CrdiloeT amerikis<br />
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis episkoposebi dainteresden saqarTveloSi mimdinare<br />
movlenebiT da mogvweres Zalian Tbili, mxardamWeri werili. aseve unda iTqas, rom<br />
am periodSi, maT erT-erT monasterSi imyofeboda stumrad m. andria (boroda),<br />
<strong>romelic</strong> im wlebSi, amerikis erT-erT iurisdiqciaSi mRvdeli iyo.Mm. andreas<br />
vrclad gamokiTxes saqarTvelosa da Cvens Sesaxeb episkoposebma da CvenTan<br />
urTierTobis survili gamoTqves. CrdiloeT amerikis marTlmadidebeli eklesia aris<br />
netar xsenebuli mTavarepiskopos avqsentis, anu saberZneTis WeSmariti<br />
marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sinodis nawili amerikaSi, xolo mTavarepiskopos<br />
avqsentis gardacvalebis Semdgom amerikaSic da saberZneTSic mis memk<strong>vidre</strong>ebad<br />
darCnen. Cven SeZlebisdagvarad daviwyeT Seswavla am sinodis xeldasxmebisa da<br />
saWirod CavTvaleT gagveRrmavebina maTTan kontaqti. Mm. ioane jer moskovSi<br />
Cafrinda maT gasacnobad, xolo Semdeg amerikaSi imyofeboda sami kvira maTTan.<br />
m. ioanes dabrunebis Semdeg, rogorc misi monaTxrobiT SevityeT savsebiT gamarTuli<br />
ierarqiuli mdgomareoba hqondaT maT da sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebiTac WeSmariti<br />
marTlmadideblebi iyvnen. ber-monazvnebma da eriskacebma gadawyvetileba miviReT,<br />
rom gadavsuliyaviT maT iurisdiqciaSi da xeldasxma migveRo maTgan.<br />
A ai, Zalian mokle istoriuli eqskursi im movlenebis Sesaxeb, <strong>romelic</strong><br />
dakavSirebuli iyo ekumenizmTan bolo 20-25 wlis periodSi.<br />
rac Seexeba, kanonikurobas Cveni moqmedebisa, raRa Tqma unda, sruli ufleba<br />
gvqonda gavmijnodiT mwvalebel episkoposs orgzisi krebis me-15 kanonis mixedviT<br />
(ix. didi sjulis kanoni).<br />
sinanuli gvmarTebda mxolod imisTvis, rom amdeni wlis ganmavlobaSi ver miviReT<br />
Rirseuli gadawyvetileba da jer kidev 80-ian wlebSi ar gavwyviteT religiuri<br />
erToba ekumenistebTan.<br />
saqarTveloSi ekumenizmis fuZemdebelia ilia II. amaze metis Tqma, aRarc aris<br />
saWiro. visTvisac ekumenizmi mwvalebloba da ufro metic, mwvaleblobaTa krebuli<br />
ar aris, misTvis marTlmadidebloba, erTaderTi da WeSmariti sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba ver iqneba!<br />
rac Seexeba Tqvens kiTxvas- ra saeklesio kanonis safuZvelze SexvediT sxva<br />
mRvdelmTavris daqvemdebarebaSi?<br />
M maxsendeba 1997 wlis zafxuli, rodesac beTaniis monasterma gawyvita<br />
evqaristiuli kavSiri ilia II-sTan, maSin iq bevri sasuliero piri Camodioda berTa<br />
“gons mosayvanad” maT Soris m. zurabi (anTaZe). Bbolo Camosvlisas usiamovno
laparaki Sedga berebsa da m. zurabs Soris, ris gamoc naCqarevad mouwia monastris<br />
datoveba. gareT manqana elodeboda. gavacile da vuTxari: m. zurab, icode rkinis<br />
qalamnebs CavicmevT da rkinis joxs moviZiebT da Tu saWiro iqneba, antarqtidaSi<br />
CavalT da iq movZebniT marlmadidebel episkoposs-meTqi. TiTqmis asec moxda, sul<br />
cota dagvaklda antarqtidamde.<br />
ra saeklesio kanonis safuZvelze SevediT sxva mRvdelmTavris daqvemdebarebaSi?<br />
ra saeklesio kanonis safuZvelzec <strong>wm</strong>. ioane guTeli (misi xseneba weliwadSi orjer<br />
aris saqarTveloSi) Camovida saqarTveloSi da episkoposad kurTxeva miiRo, radganac<br />
mTels aRmosavleTSi saydrebs mwvalebeli ariozelebi ganagebden. manaxeT<br />
saqarTveloSi erTi marTlmadidebeli episkoposi da vityvi, rom SevcdiT ase Sors<br />
rom moviZieT episkoposebi.<br />
B ber-monazvnobas da samrevloebs TbilisSi, quTaisSi, guriaSi eklesia<br />
sWirdebodaT, RvTismsaxureba, saRmrTo saidumloebebis miReba da maTSi monawileoba,<br />
anu, erTi sityviT, rom vTqvaT, cxoneba. xolo am yvelafers ki episkoposi sWirdeba..<br />
WeSmariti marTlmadidebeli episkoposi. - "da man moscna romelnime mociqulni,<br />
romelnime winaswarmetyvelni, romelnime maxarebelni, romelnime mwyemsni da<br />
moZRvarni, dasamtkicebelad <strong>wm</strong>idaTa, saqmed msaxurebisa, aRsaSenebelad guamisa<br />
qristesisa; <strong>vidre</strong>mde miviwineT yovelni erTobasa sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebisasa da mecnierebasa<br />
Zisa RmrTisasa, mamakacad srulad, sazomad hasakisa savsebisa mis qristesisa, raTa<br />
arRara viyuneT yrma Cvil, RelvaaRtexil da mimotacebul yovelsa mas qarsa<br />
moZRvrebisasa, siveragiTa kacTaTa da zakulebiTa manqanebisa mis mimarT sacTurebisa"<br />
(efes.4, 1114)<br />
vlastaris alfabetur sintagmaSi, <strong>romelic</strong> marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi<br />
avtoritetul kanonikur Zegladaa miCneuli, gansazRvrulia patriarqis<br />
(pirvelierarqi episkoposis) funqciebi. masSi vkiTxulobT: “patriarqi aris cocxali<br />
xati qristesi saqmiTa da sityviT, igi aris WeSmaritebis WurWeli. patriarqi<br />
mowodebulia cxonebis gziT ataros misTvis Cabarebuli sulebi, icxovros qristeSi<br />
da mibaZos pavle mociquls, <strong>romelic</strong> ambobs: "sofeli Cemdamo jvarcmul ars da me<br />
– soflisa" (gal. 6,14). patriarqi yvelas erTnairad unda epyrobodes, ar unda<br />
SeeSindes da Sercxves WeSmaritebisa da dogmatebis dacvisa, agreTve simarTlis<br />
Tqmisa da keTilmsaxurebisaken mowodebisa TviT mefeTa winaSec ki. is erTia<br />
dadgenili Suamdgomlad da msajulad sinanulisa da mosaqcevad codvaTa da<br />
mwvaleblobaTagan".<br />
amrigad, swored episkoposi aris RmerTisgan dadgenili ierarqi da mxolod mis<br />
mier mihmadlebs ufali suli <strong>wm</strong>idis niWebs samRvdelo dass, anu klirosis qvemdgom<br />
ierarqias – presviterebsa da diakvnebs. ase rom, yvela saidumlos da<br />
mRvdelmoqmedebas eklesiaSi aRasrulebs mxolod episkoposi, an TviTon uSualod<br />
anda samRvdeloebis meSveobiT, rogorc amas <strong>wm</strong>. dionise areopageli gvaswavlis.<br />
<strong>wm</strong>. egnate RmerTSemosili imave mimarTebaSi ayenebs eklesias qristesadmi, rogorSic<br />
qristea mama RmerTisadmi. meores mxriv, marTalni (samRvdeloeba da mrevli)<br />
SeerTebulni arian episkoposTan iseve, rogorc eklesia ieso qristesTan da rogorc<br />
qriste mamasTan, raTa yovelive TanxmobaSi iyos erTianobiT ("efeselTa mimarT").<br />
amrigad, <strong>wm</strong>. egnates swavlebiT, episkoposi aris xati qristesi, <strong>romelic</strong> erTobaSia<br />
Tavis samwysosTan iseve, rogorc qriste mamasTan da qriste eklesiasTan, anu "erT<br />
xorc" (efes.5,2932). es aris saidumlo episkoposis erTobisa Tavis eklesiasTan!
ogorc qriste aris erTarsi mamisa bunebiT da madliT, aseve, episkoposic, srul<br />
erTobaSia eklesiasTan sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebaSi da sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis saqmeebSi. SeuZlebelia,<br />
eklesiaSi, episkopossa da mrevls sxvadasxva sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba hqondeT, iseve, rogorc<br />
SeuZlebelia sxvadasxva buneba hqondeT qristes da mamas! <strong>wm</strong>. egnatesaTvis<br />
marTlmadideblobis kriteriumi episkoposis sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebaa, yvela (samRvdeloeba da<br />
mrevli) srul TanxmobaSi unda iyos episkoposTan. amasve evedreba korinTelebs <strong>wm</strong>.<br />
pavle mociquli: "raTa masve ityodeT yovelni, da nu iyofin Tquen Soris wvaleba,<br />
aramed iyveniT ganmtkicebulni miTve gonebiTa da miTve mecnierebiTa" (1kor. 1,10).<br />
`eklesiis winamZRolis – episkoposis mixedviT cxondeba anda xifaTSi vardeba<br />
mTeli eklesia~ (<strong>wm</strong>. grigol RmrTismetyveli, werili #34).<br />
xolo <strong>wm</strong>. irineos lioneli ufro Sors midis: - “<strong>wm</strong>. irineos lioneli<br />
mwvalebelTa rangSi ayenebs im episkoposebs, romlebic sakuTar siamovnebas<br />
emsaxurebian, qedmaRloben TavianTi TanamdeboboT da farulad mraval borotebas<br />
sCadian. igi mouwodebs qristianebs ganeSoron anu gawyviton erToba yvela aseTTan”<br />
(«Против Ересей», IV, 26, 3-4). marTlmadideblobis kriteriumad <strong>wm</strong>. mama<br />
`samociqulo xeldasxmas, Seuryvnel, umwikvlo swavlebas da znekeTil, ubiwo<br />
cxovrebas~ (iqve, 26,5) miiCnevs.<br />
SegviZlia gavagrZeloT mociqulTa da mamaTa citireba am sakiTxze, magram<br />
vfiqrob Cveni intervius formats gauWirdeba am zRva masalis datevna.<br />
A ase, rom episkoposi aucileblad gvWirdeboda da roca dro mova, aq<br />
saqarTveloSi adgilobrivi episkoposic gveyoleba!<br />
kiTxva:<br />
dagvixasiaTeT, Tu SeiZleba, is konkretuli mizezebi, ris gamoc ganudegiT qarTuli<br />
oficialuri eklesiis sinods Tavis droze; da ratom uwodeben sqizmas Tqvens<br />
eklesiur erTobas; da ra kanonis safuZvelze ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos Tqveni<br />
mRvdeloqmedeba da saeklesio erToba sqizmad? e.i. gTxovT, kanonikurad ganmartoT<br />
ra aris sqizma da ra aris dedaeklesia?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
mizezebze zemoT visaubreT ukve. rac Seexeba sqizmas. sqizma maSin iqneboda, Tu<br />
Cven orgzisi krebis me-13, me-14 da me-15 muxlis pirveli nawilis Sesabamisad<br />
moviqceodiT da saeklesio erTobas davarRvevdiT, sxvadasxva ara sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebriv<br />
mizezTa gamo!<br />
<strong>wm</strong>. basili didi ambobda: eklesiaSi sqizma Semoaqvs mas, visac eklesiaSi Semoaqvs<br />
siaxle. Tqven gansajeT, vis Semoqonda 1962 wlidan ekumenisturi siaxleebi<br />
eklesiaSi? (am wlidan monawileobda ilia II ekumenizmSi, 1961 wels ekurTxa<br />
episkoposad)!<br />
rac Seexeba <strong>wm</strong>. mamaTa sityvas, rom visTvisac eklesia deda ar aris, misTvis<br />
RmerTi mama ver iqnebao. zedmiwevniT esadageba sxvadasxva mwvaleblobaTa religiur<br />
sinkretizmSi aTqvefil e.w. ofic. marTlmadideblur saydrebis mpyrobelebs. tyuilad<br />
hgoniaT zogierTs, rom dedaeklesia ganisazRvreba adgildebareobis, istoriulobis,<br />
erovnulobis an sxva raime amasofliuri niSniT. yovelTvis unda gvaxsovdes<br />
macxovris sityvebi Tqmuli ebraeli eris mimarT –
“9. da nu hgonebT da ityჳT TaviT TჳsiT: mamaჲ gჳvis Cuen abrahami. rameTu getyჳ<br />
Tquen, viTarmed: SemZlebel ars RmerTi aRdginebad qvaTa amaTgan Svilad abrahamisa.<br />
10. rameTu awve esera culi ZirTa Tana xeTasa Zes. yovelman xeman romelman ara<br />
gamoiRos nayofi keTili, moekueTos da cecxlsa daedvas.” (MmaT. 3,9-10)<br />
11. xolo getyჳ Tquen, rameTu: mravalni mzisa-aRmosavaliT da dasavaliT movidodian<br />
da inaჴ-idgmiden abrahamis Tana da isakis Tana da iakobis Tana sasufevelsa caTasa.<br />
12. xolo Zeni igi sasufevelisani ganiTxinen bnelsa mas garesknelsa. mun iyos<br />
tirili da RrWenaჲ kbilTaჲ.(maT. 8,11)<br />
39. miuges da hrques mas: mamaჲ Cueni abrahami ars. miugo iesu da hrqua maT:<br />
ukueTumca Svilni abrahamisni iyveniT, saqmeTamca abrahamisTa iqmodeT. (ioan. 8,39)<br />
58. hrqua maT iesu: amen, amen getyჳ Tquen: pirvel abrahamis yofadmde me var. (ioan.<br />
8,58).<br />
macxovris mier naTqvami sityvebi dRemde ZalaSi rCeba. sadac ar aris RmerTis<br />
WeSmariti msaxureba, anu sadac ar aris marTlaRmsarebloba WeSmaritebisa, iq ar<br />
SeiZleba iyos WeSmariti eklesia!<br />
"aw ukve sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebai same smenisagan ars, xolo smenai sityviTa RmrTisaiTa" –<br />
(rom.10, 17) kaTolike eklesiad marTlaRsaarebasa saxelisa misisasa uwoda<br />
macxovarman, odes igi netarebai misca netarsa mociqulsa petres da Tqua: amas<br />
kldesa zeda, ese igi ars marTlaRsaarebasa, aRvaSeno eklesiai Cemi da bWeni<br />
jojoxeTisani ver ereodian mas (maT. 16, 18). aw ukue mauwyeT, Tu romelsa pirsa,<br />
anu romelsa sityuasa zeda iqmna erTobai ege, da ukueTu keTilad iqmna, arca me<br />
ucxo viqmne marTlisa wesisagan. (<strong>wm</strong>. maqsime aRmsarebeli, cxovreba)<br />
<strong>wm</strong>. maqsime aRmsareblis es brwyinvale ganmarteba eklesiisa dRevandel WeSmarit<br />
marTlmadidebelTaTvis didi sulieri nugeSiniscemaa!<br />
A ase, rom dedaeklesia aris iq, sadac WeSmaritebis erTgulebaa da ara ekumenizmisa<br />
an sxva ram wvalebisa!<br />
kiTxva:<br />
gTxovT, daaxasiaToT ასევე, msoflio oficialuri eklesiebis dRevandeli kanonikuri<br />
mdgomareoba, sinamdvileSi arian isini marTlmadidebeli eklesia, rogorc isini Tavis<br />
Tavs uwodeben, Tu atyueben erebs da raSi mdgomareobs maTi es tyuili?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
romel saeklesio kanonebs arRveven dRevandeli ofic. sapatriarqoebi?<br />
mociqulTa kanonebi 10, 11, 30, 45, 46, 65, 71. petre-pavles ganwesebani 8,9, 10 11.<br />
laodikia6, 9, 14, 33, 31 34, 39. antioqiis 1, 2. me-7 msofl. saekl. kreba 1.<br />
ai, maTi kanonikuri mdgomareoba!<br />
saxelganTqmuli kanonisti nikodimos mTa<strong>wm</strong>ideli wers: `es wigni (pidalioni _<br />
`didi sjulis kanoni~) aris RmrTaebrivi werili <strong>wm</strong>ida werilis Semdeg, aRTqma,<br />
Zveli da axali aRTqmis Semdeg. es wigni aris maradiuli sazRvrebi, romlebic Cvenma<br />
mamebma dagviweses, kanonebi, romlebic msoflio da adgilobrivma krebebma sul<br />
<strong>wm</strong>idisagan miiRes. es wigni WeSmaritad saWea (`pidalioni~ niSnavs saWes) kaTolike<br />
eklesiisa, romlis marTviTac eklesia Tavis mezRvaurebsa da mgzavrebs, vgulisxmob<br />
samRvdeloebasa da mrevls, caTa sasufevlis mSvid navTsayudelSi miiyvans~.<br />
`msoflio da adgilobriv krebaTa kanonebsa da ganwesebebs Cven vRebulobT,<br />
rogorc TviT <strong>wm</strong>ida saxarebebs Tanaxmad VI msoflio krebis 2 kanonisa da novelaTa
II titulis 3 muxlisa ( igulisxmeba <strong>wm</strong>. imperator iustine didis “novelebi”),<br />
sadac vkiTxulobT: `Svidi msoflio krebis kanonebi da dogmatebi iseve unda iqnas<br />
daculi, rogorc saRmrTo werili~. aqedan Cans, Tu ratom vRebulobT da vaRiarebT<br />
<strong>wm</strong>ida krebaTa kanonebs iseve, rogorc <strong>wm</strong>ida werils, radganac isini RmerTSemosil<br />
mamaTa mier arian damtkicebulni, romelnic RmerTma eklesiaSi maswavleblebad<br />
daadgina, iseve, rogorc mociqulebi da winaswarmetyvelebi (1 kor. 12; 28). maT mier<br />
dadgenili kanonebi RmrTivSTagonebulni arian, viTarca saRmrTo werili isini arian<br />
`sanTelni mTebareni adgilsa Sina wyvdiadsa, <strong>vidre</strong>mdis dRe ganaTldes~ (2. petre. 1;<br />
19). rameTu suli <strong>wm</strong>ida, <strong>romelic</strong> mociqulTa mier metyvelebda, aseve metyvelebs<br />
RmerTSemosil mamaTa mier~ (`aRmosavleTis patriarqTa pasuxebi anglikanTa<br />
SekiTxvebze~. 1716-1725 w.)<br />
vgoneb, Cemi komentarebi zedmeti iqneba!<br />
kiTxva:<br />
gvesaubreT, Tu SeiZleba, evqaristiazeც, ra aris evqaristiuli erToba, da Tu<br />
saqarTvelos sapatriarqo gamovida “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWodan“ magram mainc<br />
imyofeba “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWos” wevr eklesiebTan evqaristiul erTobaSi,<br />
niSnavs Tu ara es, mZime saxis eretikuli saxis codvas?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
qristeSi erTobas evqaristiuli erToba hqvia. Amisi gamoxatulebaa liturgikuli<br />
erToba, sadac da romlis drosac Cven qristes sisxlsa da xorcs veziarebiT da<br />
yvela WeSmariti maziarebeli qristes iRebs Tavis TavSi, xolo qristeSi Cvenc<br />
yvelani erTmaneTis Tanaziarni vxdebiT, da myardeba Cvens ESoris mistiuri erToba<br />
macxovris aRTqmisaebr. anu r<strong>wm</strong>ena macxovris am soflad motanili swavlebisa da<br />
misi erTguleba ganapirobebs ziarebis WeSmaritebas. Tu sxvadasxva sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebaTa<br />
matareblebi erTad eziarebian, raRa Tqma unda, isini qristes ver eziarebian da<br />
amitomac, arc maTi erToba, anu eklesia, iqneba Tanaziari qristesi. Aai, ras<br />
gvaswavlian <strong>wm</strong>ida mamebi - `sasjelad gina dasasjelad eziareba yvela, vinc ugunuri<br />
daudevrobiT mwvalebelTan an ganxeTqilebis moqmedTan eziareba, isini mwvaleblebis<br />
msjavriT ganisjebian~ (<strong>wm</strong>. kvipriane karTageneli, werili #62). <strong>wm</strong>. basili didi<br />
imdroindel mdgomareobas eklesiaSi `Ramis brZolas~ uwodebda, rodesac<br />
SeuZlebelia mter-moyvaris garCeva. misi TqmiT, mwvaleblebi, `boroti ganzraxviT<br />
amaxinjebdnen ra swavlebas, WeSmaritebis saburvelSi xvevdnen mas da amiT atyuebdnen<br />
mravals. ase miaCvies maT ubralo xalxi eretikul sicrues. eklesiis yofil mrevls<br />
u<strong>wm</strong>iduri puriT apureben. imaTac ra qnan? yvelaferi mwvaleblebis xelSia: naTloba,<br />
wesis ageba, sneulTa daxmareba, mwuxareTa nugeSiscema, gaWirvebulTa Sewevna,<br />
yvelanairi daxmareba, ziareba. raki yovelive amas xalxisaTvis mwvaleblebi<br />
asruleben, es mwvaleblebTan erTsulovnebis kvanZad iqceva~ (<strong>wm</strong>. basili didi,<br />
werili #235). maSinac Zalian mZime dro edga WeSmarit eklesias. `erToba<br />
marTlmadideblebTan da yovelgvari kavSiris gawyveta WeSmaritebis mtrebTan~<br />
(basili didis werili evsevi samosatelisadmi). ai, principi ris mixedviTac<br />
moqmedebda <strong>wm</strong>. basili didi da Cvenc kargi iqneba Tu davujerebT mas.<br />
amitomac gvmarTebs gafrTxileba qristes sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebisa da misi erTguleba, rom<br />
misi nawilebi viyoT da madlis mier ganveRmrToT masTan ziarebiT. Dda amitomac<br />
marTebs eklesias qristes mier WeSmariti mor<strong>wm</strong>uneoba da dgoma WeSmaritebaze. sxva<br />
SemTxvevaSi SeuZlebeli iqneba WeSmariti erToba anu eklesia!
M mokled, rom iTqvas, evqaristiuli erToba aris erToba ieso qristeSi, yvela<br />
misi WeSmariti mor<strong>wm</strong>unisa, anu maTi, vinc qristes swavlebis daumaxinjebeli<br />
aRmsarebelia. vin amaxinjebs qristes swavlebas? mwvaleblebi da maTTan religiurritualur<br />
erTobaSi myofi e. w. Ofic. marTlmadidebluri saydrebi!<br />
A amitom verafriT ver vityviT, rom saq. ofic eklesia radgan gancxadebiT, anu<br />
sityviTY gamovida e. m. s-dan da k. e. c-idan, amitom aRar aris mwvaleblobaTa mTeli<br />
nakrebis, anu ekumenizmis Tanaziari.<br />
visTanac vimyofebiT evqaristiul erTobaSi, misi sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis Tanaziarnic vxdebiT<br />
(Tu ra Tqma unda, es sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba eretikosTa mxridan gacxadebulia, anu sajaroa,<br />
rogorc ekumenizmis SemTxvevaSia).<br />
kiTxva:<br />
gTxovT, gangvimartoT, თუ ra aris axalmestileoba da ra saxis codvas warmoadgens<br />
axali stilis kaleნdrის მიმდევრობა da miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelosa da<br />
ruseTis eklesiebi Zveli stiliT moqmedeben, axalmestileebTan erTobiT ra<br />
kanonikur darRvevas da codvas sCadian?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
papis grigori XIII mier axali stilis SemoRebisTanave msoflio patriarqma<br />
ieremia II maSinve, 1582 wels, Tavis sinodTan erTad dagmo drois axali romauli<br />
aRricxva, rogorc uTanxmoebaSi myofi marTmadidebeli eklesiis gadmocemasTan.<br />
momdevno, 1583 wels, patriarqma ieremiam aleqsandriis patriarqis silibistrosa da<br />
ierusalimis patriarqis sofrom VI monawileobiT moiwvia saeklesio kreba,<br />
romelmac dagmo r<strong>omi</strong>s eklesiaSi grigorianuli kalendris SemoReba, rogorc mTeli<br />
msoflio eklesiis sawinaaRmdegod <strong>wm</strong>ida aRdg<strong>omi</strong>s dRis dadgenis Sesaxeb I msoflio<br />
krebis dadgenilebis damrRvevi movlena. es kreba, 1583 wlis 20 noembers, mouwodebs<br />
marTmadideblebs mtkiced da udrekad, sisxlis daTxevamdec ki daicvan<br />
marTmadidebluri kalendari da iulianuri pasqalia, xolo am dadgenilebis yvela<br />
damrRvevs ucxadebs anaTemas, marTmadidebluri eklesiidan gankveTas. aseTive<br />
gadawyvetilebis Sesaxeb konstantinepolis krebam acnoba aRmosavleTis yvela<br />
eklesias, moskovis mitropolit dionises, ioniis kunZulebis eklesias, dasavleT<br />
ruseTSi marTmadideblobis saxelganTqmul damcvels, Tavad konstantine ostroJskis,<br />
veneciis doJs, n. dapontes da saeklesio SfoTis aRmZvrels grigori XIII-s.<br />
aseve, absoluturad uaryofiTad udgebodnen axali stilis SemoRebas msoflio<br />
patriarqebi da maTTan erTad mTeli msoflio eklesia momdevno saukuneebSic.<br />
magaliTad, konstantinepolis patriarqi kalenike XI da antioqiis patriarqi aTanase<br />
(1686-1728) mo<strong>wm</strong>obdnen, rom aRdg<strong>omi</strong>s dResaswaulis aRniSvna kaTolikeebTan erTad<br />
aris marxvebis Sesaxeb marTmadidebeli eklesiis dadgenilebis uaryofa, xolo<br />
romauli eklesiis wesdebis gamoyeneba _ marTlmadideblobis Ralati da <strong>wm</strong>ida mamaTa<br />
anderZebidan gandgoma, rac damRupvelia marTmadidebeli eklesiis SvilebisTvis.<br />
amitom TiToeuli qristiani valdebulia idResaswaulos aRdgoma da masTan<br />
dakavSirebuli sadResaswaulo dReebi marTlmadidebluri aRmosavleTis praqtikisa<br />
da ara misgan gansxvavebuli, r<strong>wm</strong>enis TvalsazrisiTYCvenTvis ucxo dasavluri<br />
tradiciis Sesabamisad. msoflio patriarqi kirile V Tavis mrgvlivmaval<br />
epistoleSi 1756 wels yvela qristians, vinc axali stili miiRo, SeaCvenebs<br />
warmaval da amqveyniur da maradiul cxovrebaSi.<br />
axali stilis miRebisgan, rogorc udidesi codvisgan marTmadidebeli<br />
qristianebis gafrTxilebis mizniT msoflio patriarqi anTimos VI aRmosavleTis
sxva patriarqebTan: aleqsandriis patriarq ieroTeozTan, antioqiis _ meTodesTan,<br />
ierusalimis _ kirilesTan da maT sinodebTan erTad 1848 wlis epistoleSi erTiani<br />
kaTolike da samociqulo eklesiis saxeliT amgvar azrs gamoTqvams aRmsareblobis<br />
Sesaxeb: `CvenTan arc patriarqebs, arc krebebs arasodes SeeZloT raime siaxlis<br />
Semotana, radgan marTmadideblobis Semnaxveli CvenTan Tavad eklesiis sxeuli, anu<br />
xalxia, romelsac yovelTvis surs, SeinarCunos r<strong>wm</strong>ena ucvlelad, mamebis r<strong>wm</strong>enis<br />
Sesabamisad... da gvqondes aRmsarebloba, <strong>romelic</strong> miviReT maTgan, <strong>wm</strong>ida mamebisgan,<br />
ganvudgeT yovelgvar siaxles, rogorc eSmakis STagonebas, romelsac Tu ki vinme<br />
miemxro an saqmiT, an sityviT, an gulisTqmiT, man ukve uaryo qristes r<strong>wm</strong>ena, ukve<br />
nebayoflobiT daeqvemdebara maradiul anaTemas suli<strong>wm</strong>idis gmobisTvis, <strong>romelic</strong><br />
TiTqos arasrulyofilad metyvelebs <strong>wm</strong>ida werilisa da msoflio krebebis<br />
saSualebiT. ase rom, yvela, vinc siaxles emxroba, _ eretikosi iqneba is Tu<br />
ganxeTqilebis Camomgdebi, nebayoflobiT imoseba wyeviT, rogorc samosliT (fsal.<br />
108,18), miuxedavad imisa, papebi arian, patriarqebi Tu eriskacebi. angelosic rom<br />
iyos zecidan _ anaTema mas”.<br />
1902-1904 wlebSi cnobili konstantinepoleli patriarqis, ioakime III<br />
iniciativiT konstantinepolis, ierusalimis, saberZneTis, ruseTis, serbeTis,<br />
rumineTisa da Cernogoriis avtokefalurma eklesiebma, Tavisi warmomadgenlebis<br />
saxiT, uaryves kalendris - papi grigori mecameteseuli reforma.<br />
igive azri gamoTqva, sruliad ruseTis saeklesio krebam 1917-18 wlebSi, da<br />
gamoitana dadgenileba, saeklesio drois aRricxvis Zveli stilis miyolis Taobaze.<br />
am dadgenilebis miRebisas, moskovis krebam, sxva safuZvlebTan erTad gaiTvaliswina,<br />
moskovis sasuliero akademiis profesoris, mama dimitri aleqsandres Ze lebedevis<br />
azri, <strong>romelic</strong> samecniero-astron<strong>omi</strong>uri da saeklesio-kanonikuri monacemebis<br />
safuZvelze amtkicebda grigorianul stilTan yovelgvari daaxloebis damRupvelobas<br />
da upirobo upiratesobas iulianur stils aniWebda.<br />
samwuxarod, 1923 wels, konstantinopoleli patriarqis meletis1) mier<br />
mowveulma sruliad marTlmadideblurma kongresma2) daarRvia <strong>wm</strong>ida tradiciebi,<br />
romlebsac aseTi moSurneobiTa da si<strong>wm</strong>indiT icavdnen msoflio patriarqebi<br />
saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi. am kongresze gadawyvites axal stilze gadasvla.<br />
konstantinopolis marTlmadidebeli mosaxleoba saSineli aRSfoTebiT Sexvda am<br />
antikanonikur siaxles. patriarqi meleti iZulebuli gaxda gadamdgariyo.<br />
amis miuxedavad konstatinopolis Semdegma patriarqma grigorim 1924 wels scada<br />
SemoeRo axali stili yvela uZravi dResaswaulisaTvis, xolo droebiT, msoflio<br />
krebis mowvevamde, aRdg<strong>omi</strong>sa da masTan dakavSirebuli dResaswaulebi aReniSnaT<br />
Zveli pasqaliis mixedviT. saberZneTis eklesiis oficialur organoSi, JurnalSi<br />
`eklezia” da zogierT rusul gazeTSi, Tavisi da sinodis saxeliT, man dabeWda<br />
sigeli konstatinopolis marTlmadidebeli eklesiis axal stilze gadasvlis<br />
Sesaxeb.<br />
konstantinopoleli patriarqis aTanases gavleniT rumineTis eklesiamac SemoiRo<br />
axali stili uZravi dResaswaulebisTvis. magram aRmosavleTis _ aleqsandriis,<br />
antioqiisa da ierusalimis _ patriarqebma Tavisi sapatriarqoebis <strong>wm</strong>inda krebebTan<br />
TanxmobiT, gadawyvetiT uaryves arsebuli saeklesio drois aRricxvis3) Secvlis<br />
sakiTxi. aseve uaryofoTad ganewyo patriarq grigoris sigelis mimarT yvela sxva<br />
marTlmadidebeli eklesiac.<br />
am sigelis sapasuxod moskovisa da sruliad ruseTis patriarqma tixonma<br />
msoflio patriarqs amcno, rom Tumca man miiRo sigeli 10 martidan axali stilis<br />
SemoRebis Sesaxeb, magram rusul eklesiaSi axali stilis Semotana SeuZlebeli<br />
aRmoCnda xalxis Seupovari winaaRmdegobis gamo.
sruliad uaryofiTad Sexvdnen saeklesio drois aRricxvaSi axali stilis<br />
Semotanas sazRvargareT myofi rusi mRvdelmTavrebis krebebi, romlebic 1923, 1924<br />
da 1925 wlebSi Sedga.<br />
Cven im marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan unda viyoT, romlebic kanonikuri<br />
dadgenilebebis safuZvelze mkacrad, yovelgvari kompr<strong>omi</strong>sis gareSe miyvebian Zvel<br />
stils, Tavis saeklesio cxovrebaSi. es dadgenilebebi unda iyos uryevi, radgan<br />
warmoadgenen Cveni marTlmadidebeli eklesiis cxovrebis erT-erT safuZvels.<br />
SeniSvnebi:<br />
1) am kongresis avtoriteti da kanonikuroba, romelmac TviTneburad da ukanonod<br />
dairqva `sruliad marTlmadidebluri”, sruliad saeWvoa. aRmosavleTis samma<br />
patriarqma (aleqsandriis,antioqiisa da ierusalimis) uari ganacxada masSi<br />
monawileobaze; maT gamoutanes mkacri, magram samarTliani ganaCeni. kongress ar<br />
eswreboda marTlmadideblur samyaroSi yvelaze mravalricxovani rusuli eklesiis<br />
warmomadgeneli. imis Sesaxeb, ramdenad aramarTlmadidebluri da antikanonikuri iyo<br />
es kongresi, mo<strong>wm</strong>obs im sakiTxTa CamonaTvalic ki, romlebic iq ganixileboda:<br />
kalendris reforma dResaswaulebis moZravi wrisa da dReebis Svideulad (kvirad)<br />
ganwesebis uaryofis SesaZleblobis aRiarebiT, mRvdelmsaxurebisTvis meore<br />
qorwinebisa da qirotoniis Semdeg qorwinebis nebarTva, marxvebisa da<br />
RmrTismsaxurebis Semokleba, ekumenisturi urTierTobebis gafarToeba da sxv.<br />
sabednierod, im dros jer kidev fxizelma marTlmadideblurma Segnebam<br />
kategoriulad uaryo aseTi dadgenilebebis miReba. mxolod axali stilis<br />
(kompr<strong>omi</strong>suli formiT) Sesaxeb gansazRvris Semotana xdeboda cxovrebaSi aCqarebiT<br />
da gareSe Zalebis ZaldatanebiT. zogierTi eklesiis mier SeTvisebulma am<br />
dadgenilebam, daarRvia maTi erToba sxva marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan, da maT wiaRSi<br />
mZime Sinagani SfoTi gamoiwvia, rac dRemde grZeldeba”. _ (prof. troicki, `erTad<br />
vebrZoloT safrTxes”, 1950 w., #2 gv. 46 ixileT aseve `konstantinopolis<br />
sruliad marTlmadidebluri kongresis saqmeebi da gadawyvetilebebi”, 1923 wlis 10<br />
maisi-8 ivnisi, konstantinopoli, 1923 (berZnul enaze).<br />
2) zemoxsenebuli kongresis Tavmjdomare patriarqi meleti IV (metaqsakisi) _<br />
cnobili ekumenisti da masoni, eklesiaSi siaxleebisa da modernizmis Tavgamodebuli<br />
momxre. Tavisi mZlavri mfarvelebis daxmarebiT man uprecendentod swrafi saeklesio<br />
kariera gaikeTa, daikava jer aTenis mTavarepiskoposis (1918-1920), Semdeg<br />
konstantinopolis patriarqis saydari (1921-1923). imis gamo, rom iZulebuli gaxda<br />
daetovebina konstantinopoli, m. metaqsakisi gadavida aleqsandriis saydarze (1926-<br />
1935) da usiamovnebisa da ganxeTqilebis fasad SeZlo SemoeRo axali stili am<br />
marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi. sikvdilamde cotaTi adre igi ierusalimis saydris<br />
kandidati iyo, magram ar airCies.<br />
3) aq mogvaqvs nawyveti aleqsandrieli patriarqis fotis (1853-1925) epistoledan,<br />
<strong>romelic</strong> sakalendaro reformis erT-erTi mTavari organizatorisadmi, aTenis<br />
mTavarepiskoposis qrizost<strong>omi</strong>sadmia (papadopulosi) miwerili saberZneTis eklesiaSi<br />
axali stilis SemoRebasTan dakavSirebiT:<br />
`ar dagimalavT, Cveno unetareso Zmao, im did mwuxarebasa da gaocebas, <strong>romelic</strong><br />
gamoiwvia Cvens sinodSi moulodnelma cnobam... rom yovelgvari aucileblobis<br />
gareSe, Tqveni unetaresobis mo<strong>wm</strong>obisa da r<strong>wm</strong>unebebis miuxedavad, yovelgvari<br />
dogmaturi da kanonikuri safuZvlis gareSe iyo uaryofili oTxi samociqulo<br />
saydris (aleqsandriis, antioqiis, ierusalimisa da kviprosis marTlmadidebluri<br />
eklesiebis _ SeniSvna Cvenia) Zmuri rCeva da Txovna, romlebic WeSmaritebas icaven
mravali saukunis ganmavlobaSi da calmxrivad xdeba im saeklesio praqtikis<br />
`gasworeba”, <strong>romelic</strong> miRebuli iyo ara mxolod berZnuli, aramed mTeli<br />
marTlmadidebluri eklesiis mier....<br />
zemoTTqmulidan gamomdinare.... Tqvens unetaresobas movaxsenebT, rom dadgenilebas<br />
`Sesworebis” (saeklesio kalendris _ SeniSvna Cvenia) Sesaxeb, rac gacnobeT Tqven,<br />
rogorc ukve miRebuli, Cveni sinodi uaryofs da sakuTar adrindel azrze<br />
darCenili xelaxla gvTavazobs didi adgilobrivi an msoflio krebis mowvevas,<br />
romlis gareSec, mTel marTlmadidebel eklesiaSi miRebuli wesis Tanaxmad,<br />
yovelgvari azri an calmxrivi gansazRvreba kanonikurad gamousadegi da saWiro<br />
Zalis uqoneli iqneba” (werili #226, 1994 wlis 20 aprili).<br />
(mTavarepisk. sobolevis “ axali da Zveli stilis Sesaxeb” mixedviT Sedgenili)<br />
axali saeklesio kalendris Semotanam daarRvia saRvTismsaxuro tipikoni da<br />
liturgikuli harmonia mebrZolsa da zeciur, mozeime eklesias Soris, agreTve<br />
adgilobriv eklesiebs Soris, riTic eklesiaSi ganxeTqileba gamoiwvia.<br />
marTlmor<strong>wm</strong>une eri savsebiT kanonierad ar gahyva ganxeTqilebis moqmed ierarqebs,<br />
man uaryo es siaxle Tanaxmad <strong>wm</strong>. kvipriane karTagenelis swavlebisa: `is vinc,<br />
ganxeTqilebas Seitans qristes eklesiaSi, SeuZlebelia mis kvarTs flobdes~.<br />
yovelTa marTlmadidebelTa krebebma 1583, 1587, 1593 wlebSi, agreTve<br />
konstantinepolis patriarq anTimozis dros mowveulma krebam 1848 wels, akrZales<br />
axali kalendris SemoReba. xolo aRmosavleTis patriarqTa 1583 wlis kreba<br />
mouwodebs marTlmadideblebs sisxlis daTxevamdec ki daicvan iulianuri kalendari.<br />
kalendris reformis, rogorc sqizmis Semotanis winaaRmdeg gamodioda mravali<br />
avtoritetuli ierarqi.<br />
cxadia umarTebuloa, eklesiaSi siaxlis Semotanas (mag. kalendris reformas)<br />
mivudgeT ikon<strong>omi</strong>iT. akribia an ikon<strong>omi</strong>a SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas konkretuli<br />
adamianis an adamianTa jgufis mimarT konkretul situaciaSi. `is rac eklesias exeba<br />
SeuZlebelia ikon<strong>omi</strong>is sagani gaxdes~ _ gvaswavlis <strong>wm</strong>. markoz efeseli. eklesiaSi<br />
axali swavlebis anda Cveulebis Semotana aranairad ikon<strong>omi</strong>as ar eqvemdebareba, mas<br />
Tavisi konkretuli saxeli gaaCnia. `axali stili~ ar aris mwvalebloba (fineTis<br />
eklesiis mdgomareoba am mxriv gansxvavebulia), radganac aranairi dogmaturi bazisi<br />
ar gaaCnia. magram Rrmad cdeba is vinc mas mxolod `uwesrigobas~ uwodebs<br />
eklesiaSi. eklesiaSi SeuZlebelia 80 wlis manZilze arsebobdes ase uimedod<br />
mougvarebeli `uwesrigoba~, <strong>romelic</strong> umTavres, liturgikul erTobas arRvevs masSi.<br />
sinamdvileSi kalendris reformiT moxda ganxeTqileba. adgilobriv sapatriarqoTa<br />
axal stilze TandaTanobiT gadasvliT ganxeTqileba izrdeboda. es sakmaod<br />
xangrZlivi procesi iyo, igi dResac grZeldeba, mag. bulgareTis sapatriarqo axal<br />
stilze 80-iani wlebis bolos gadavida. ierusalimis, serbeTis, ruseTis,<br />
saqarTvelos sapatriarqoebi dResac iulianur kalendarze arian, Tumca isini<br />
ekumenistur mwvaleblobaSi Cavardnen. ekumenizmi, rogorc neo-warmarToba da misi<br />
mWidro kavSiri kalendris reformasTan vrceli Temaa, amitom mas yuradRebas<br />
sagangebo publikaciaSi davuTmobT.<br />
ase rom, e.w. axali stili, arc mwvaleblobaa da arc uwesrigoba, igi aris<br />
mizezi eklesiaSi ganxeTqilebis Semotanisa. amgvari kvalifikacia misces mas<br />
aleqsandriis patriarqma fotim (+1925) antioqiis patriarq grigolisadmi gagzavnil<br />
epistoleSi, kviprosis mTavarepiskoposma kirilem, r. s. m. e-is mitropolitma antoni<br />
xrapovickim, agreTve, saberZneTisa da poloneTis eklesiaTa warmomadgenlebma 1930<br />
wels, `sruliad marTlmadidebelTa k<strong>omi</strong>siaze~ aTonis mTaze, vatopedis monasterSi.<br />
es eklesiebi sqizmatikosebad Tvlidnen axalmestileebs da maTTan locviTi<br />
kavSirisagan Tavs ikavebdnen. paradoqsulia magram igive Sefaseba misca axali stilis
SemoRebas arqimandritma qrizostomos papadopulosma 1923 wels saberZneTis<br />
mTavrobisadmi miweril werilSi: `arc erTi adgilobrivi eklesia ar SeiZleba<br />
danarCens ise gamoeyos da miiRos axali kalendari, rom amiT sxvebTan mimarTebaSi ar<br />
aRmoCndes sqizmaSi~. 1924 wels ki, mas Semdeg rac arq. qrizostomosi aTenisa da<br />
eladis mTavarepiskoposi gaxda, kalendris reforma pirvelad swored man gaatara.<br />
Анафема Великого Собора 1583 года на последователей "нового" (григори-<br />
анского) календаря<br />
Так как опять церковь старого Рима, как бы радуясь тщеславию своих<br />
астрономов, неосмотрительно изменила прекрасные постановления о священной<br />
Пасхе, совершаемой христианами всей земли и празднуемой, как определено, —<br />
сего ради становится причиною соблазнов, ибо пред нашей мерностью предсташа<br />
мужи армяне, спрашивая относительно практики празднования, потому что и они<br />
вынуждаются принять новшества.<br />
Сего ради мы должны были сказать, что о сем постановлено святыми Отцами.<br />
Наша мерность, обсудив вместе с блаженнейшим патриархом Александрийским и<br />
блаженнейшим пaтpиapхом Иерусалимским и прочими членами синода в Дусе Святе,<br />
определяет и разъясняет решение о сем св. Отцов, Кто не следует обычаям<br />
Церкви и тому, как приказали семь святых Вселенских соборов о святой Пасхе и<br />
месяцеслове и добре законоположили нам следовать а желает следовать<br />
григорианской пасхалии и месяцеслову, тот с безбожными астрономами<br />
противодействует всем определениям св. соборов и хочет их изменить и ослабить<br />
— да будет анафема, отлучен от Церкви Христовой и собрания верных.<br />
Вы же, православные и благочестивые христиане, пребывайте в том, в чем<br />
научились, в чем родились и воспитались, и когда вызовет необходимость и самую<br />
кровь вашу пролейте, чтобы сохранить отеческую веру и исповедание. Хранитесь и<br />
будьте внимательны от сих, дабы и Господь наш Иисус Христос помог вам и<br />
молитвы нашей мерности да будут со всеми вами.<br />
Аминь.<br />
Константинопольский патриарх Иеремия ii.<br />
Александрийский патриарх Сильвестр.<br />
Иерусалимский патриарх Софроний<br />
и прочие архиереи собора, бывшего 20 ноября 1583 г.<br />
kiTxva:<br />
saqarTvelos eklesia amtkicebs, rom aRar loculobs mwvaleblebTan, da rom<br />
gamovida „eklesiaTa msoflio sabWodan“, magram mWidro urTierTobaSia isev<br />
seqtantur konfesiur gaerTianebebTan da megobrul vizitebs awyobs muslim,<br />
iudevel, kaTolike, baptist da a.S. religiur liderebTan ; da Tanac amas<br />
tolerantobad da marTlmadidebeli eklesiis siyvarulis gamoxatulebad<br />
warmogvidgens, sinamdvileSi aris Tu ara es, marTlmadidebeli eklesiis samarTlis<br />
Tanaxmad, tolerantoba da adamianis WeSmariti siyvarulis gamoxatuleba?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
ra Tqma unda, loculoben, da ra Tqma unda, es tolerantobasTan, anu<br />
SemwynareblobasTan aranair kavSirSi ar aris. Qqristianebs TavisTavad gvevaleba
tolerantoba sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis adamianebisadmi, magram ara gaTqvefa Cveni da<br />
maTi sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebisa, risi gamoxatulebac aris, religiur-ritualuri erTobis<br />
sxvadasxva ekumenisturi formebi.<br />
kiTxva:<br />
ra aris ”eklesiaTa msoflio sabWo” da ra mizniT Camoyalibda igi Tavis droze da<br />
an ras isaxavs igi dRes miznad?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
ekumenisturi moZraoba Caisaxa inglissa da amerikaSi XIX s-is Sua wlebSi. idea<br />
am moZraobisa aRmocenda anglikanuri humanizmisa da britaneTis imperiis<br />
universalizmis safuZvelze.<br />
Tanamedrove ekumenizmis dabadebis TariRad iTvleba 1910 weli, rodesac msoflio<br />
misionerul konferenciaze qalaq edinburgSi daisaxa am moZraobis ZiriTadi miznebi<br />
da mimarTulebebi. manamde, sxvadasxva aRmsareblobis religiur gaerTianebaTa<br />
integracia ramdenime safexurad mimdinareobda.<br />
pirveli safexuris religiur gaerTianebaTa ricxvs ekuTvnian: luTeranTa msoflio<br />
federacia, meTodistTa msoflio sabWo, presviterianelTa msoflio aliansi,<br />
baptistTa msoflio aliansi, pananglikanuri msoflio konferencia; meore safexuris<br />
religiur organizaciaTa gaerTianeba moxda "eklesiaTa nacionalur sabWoTa" doneze.<br />
magaliTad: "qristes eklesiaTa nacionaluri sabWo amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi",<br />
"britaneTis eklesiaTa sabWo" da sxv.<br />
dRes es gaerTianebebi monawileoben ”eklesiaTa msoflio sabWos” muSaobaSi,<br />
zogierTi maTgani ki organizaciulad aris masSi gawevrianebuli. mag.: "aSS-s<br />
eklesiaTa nacionaluri sabWo", (aRsaniSnavia, rom Tavis mxriv es nacionaluri sabWo<br />
aerTianebs e. w. qristianul aRmsareblobebsa da ramodenime antiqristianul<br />
religiur organizacias, maT Soris aSS-s satanistur eklesiasac). (Архиепископ<br />
Аверкий "Современность в свете слова Божия” том III, стр. 400-402.<br />
Jordanville. USA, 1976, 1976)<br />
zemoT CamoTvlil orive safexuris gaerTianebaTa mravali moRvawe imavdroulad<br />
gvevlinebian, rogorc “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWos” xelmZRvanelebi, mag. luTeranTa<br />
msoflio federaciis prezidenti f. frai iyo “e. m. s.” -is centraluri k<strong>omi</strong>tetis<br />
Tavmjdomare. britaneTis eklesiaTa sabWos liderebi u. templi da m. ramsei aqtiur<br />
monawileobas Rebulobdnen “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWos” dafuZnebasa da pirvel<br />
etapze mis xelmZRvanelobaSi. “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWo” aqtiurad TanamSromlobs<br />
regionalur ekumenistur gaerTianebebTan, rogoricaa: wynari okeanis raionis<br />
eklesiaTa konferencia, sruliad afrikis eklesiaTa konferencia da sxv. “e. m. s.”-Tan<br />
mWidro kavSirSia "studentTa msoflio qristianuli federacia".<br />
"arsebobs aucilebeli kavSiri “eklesiaTa msoflio sabWosa” da gavlenian msoflio<br />
ojaxebs Soris. es kavSirebi Seadgenen ekumenisturi moZraobis mniSvnelovan<br />
elements" - ambobs ekumenizmis erT-erTi wamyvani ideologi g. fei (The Ecumenical<br />
advance. 1970. London. p.133).<br />
aqve aRvniSnavT, rom ekumenisturi moZraoba, Tavidan daafinanses, cnobilma<br />
amerikelma milioenerebma morganma da rokfelerma, amas mogviTxrobs “eklesiaTa
msoflio sabWos” generaluri mdivani v. viser xufti, romlebic Tavis mxriv<br />
morganebi da rokfelerebi mTeli TavianTi sagvareulo dinastiiT XIX s-is bolodan<br />
picburgis (aSS) masonuri klubis "dukesnes" wevrebi arian.1 (50 лет "Вера и<br />
церковное устройство". В.С.Ц. Женева, 1978 г.).<br />
„eklesiaTa msoflio sabWos“ megobruli kontaqtebi gaaCnia agreTve<br />
araqristianul religiur gaerTianebebTan, mag. „budistTa msoflio Zmoba“, „msoflio<br />
islamuri kongresi“ da sxv.<br />
ekumenisturi moZraoba warmoadgns sami paraleluri nakadis sinTezs, romelTa<br />
mizanic aris sxvadasxva qristianul aRmsareblobaTa integracia praqtikul da<br />
dogmatur aspeqtSi. es sami nakadia: 1. „xalxTa saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobis<br />
msoflio sabWo eklesiaTa egidiT“. 2. „cxovreba da moRvaweoba“ (Life and work) anu<br />
praqtikuli qristianoba. 3. „r<strong>wm</strong>ena da mowyoba (wesrigi)“ (Faith and order).<br />
ramodenime xnis win, gamoveciT broSura, 1997-2005 wlebis ekumenisturi<br />
winsvlebis Sesaxeb; boloTqmaSi, kidev erTxel mivmarTeT sapatriarqos<br />
samRvdeloebas. qvemoT momyavs teqsti: _<br />
„1997 wlis saeklesio movlenebis Semdgom 10 weli gavida! ra Seicvala am xnis<br />
ganmavlobaSi e.w. `msoflio marTlmadideblobaSi”? aRar aris ekumenizmi, da<br />
sayovelTao religiuri sinkretizmi? arian ki marTlmadidebeli sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis<br />
mimdevarni oficialuri saydrebis episkoposebi? ra Tqma unda ara!<br />
piriqiT, mdgomareoba gacilebiT damZimda sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebrivi TvalsazrisiT. antioqiis<br />
sapatriarqo, <strong>romelic</strong> 1992 wlidan iakobit-monofizitebTan iyo saeklesio<br />
erTobaSi, axla melqitebTanac saerTo (erToblivi) eklesiis gaxsnas zeimobs da<br />
papistebTan erTobliv messasac aRasrulebs! aleqsandriis sapatriarqosac ar<br />
daukargavs dro uqmad da Tavis mxriv koptebTan, igive monofizitebTan daamyara<br />
saeklesio erToba! arc konstantinepoli CamorCenia maT da Tavis mxriv Rrmadsulieri<br />
locviTi erTobiT gaaRrmava urTierTobebi r<strong>omi</strong>s papTan da sxvadasxva<br />
protestantul den<strong>omi</strong>naciebTan! rumineTi da serbeTic liderebad iTvlebian<br />
ekumenisturi urTierTobebiT Tu locviTi TanaziarobiT mwvaleblebTan. romel<br />
1998 wlis Tesalonikis SeTanxmebazea saerTod saubari?! razec SeTanxmden imis<br />
absoliturad sapirispiro moimoqmedes. Aamitomac 1997 wlis WeSmarit<br />
marTlmadidebelTa moTxovna, saqarTvelos sapatriarqos gaewyvita evqaristiuli<br />
kavSiri am zemoT CamoTvlil saydrebTan samarTliani iyo da drom es daamtkica<br />
kidevac! maTTan, am ofic. saydrebTan, anu maT ierarqiasTan evqaristiuli kavSiri,<br />
maTTan erTad erT saeklesio erTobaSi yofna, maTive mwvaleblobis gaziarebas<br />
niSnavs da amaze Semodaveba yovelgvar azrsa da arguments moklebulia.<br />
maS ase, saq. ofic. sapatrirqos wevrebo, romeli sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebis mimdevrni xarT<br />
antioqiasTan, aleqsandriasTan da konstantinepolTan erTad? kopturi, iakobituri<br />
Tu melqitur-uniaturi? Tu yvelasi erTad da Tan amave dros marTlmadideblebica<br />
xarT?! eklesiis istoria momswrea bevri saSineli eresebisa da eresiarqebisa, magram<br />
msgavsi cinizmi ar axsovs albaT!<br />
1997-1998 wlebSi, arqimandr. lazare da arqimandr. rafaeli gvmoZRvriden Tavisi<br />
werilebiT – “Пака не настало еще время! Пака рано! Это пака лишь путь, дорога<br />
отступления! Это мост, который конце-концовь приведет к ереси и отступлению!<br />
Также говорят отцы Афонские”!!! aba! axla rogor aris saqme “otcebo” – “Пака<br />
настало, или пака не настало время? Долго еще по мосту будем бродить не находя
не конца, не пристани”? ras elodebiT? ra unda moxdes? unda gamovidnen es<br />
saydarebi Tavisi patriarqebiT da giTxran, rom Cven ekumenist-mwvaleblebi varT da<br />
Tqven marTlmadideblebio da Tavs uSveleTo? amas elodebiT? Zalian vwuxvarT,<br />
magram ara xarT patiosani da keTilmor<strong>wm</strong>une marTlmadideblebi. da am bolo 10<br />
welmac es daasabuTa! Tqvenc aramarTlmadideblebi xarT, radganac nebismier<br />
sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebriv kompr<strong>omi</strong>sze SegiZliaT wasvla. ras aswavliT mrevls? ra magaliTs<br />
aZlevT sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebisas? sad aris Tqveni aRmsarebloba? oficialurad erToblivi<br />
eklesiebi gaqvT ukve mwvaleblebTan! gesmiT es ras niSnavs? Tu amazedac arqimandr.<br />
rafaelis `talkovania” gWirdebaT?<br />
Zalian samwuxaro da mZime mdgomareobaSi xarT da amas niSnis mogebiT ar<br />
geubnebiT. Cven gulwrfelad vwuxvarT, rom Tqven am mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndiT da<br />
ufro metic, Tqvendami r<strong>wm</strong>unebul xalxsac am ur<strong>wm</strong>unoebaSi amyofebT.<br />
gamoitaneT sajarod es faqtebi da xalxTan erTad sajarod dagmeT da mouwodeT<br />
Tqvens saeklesio xelisuflebas, saeklesio kanonTa Sesabamisad imoqmedos. maT amis<br />
piroba episkoposad kurTxevis dros dades! ”<br />
kiTxva:<br />
gTxovT, gangvimartoT, ra kanonikuri safuZveli gaaCnia aseTi saxis eklesiologiur<br />
midgomas: „ar unda ganvudgeT patriarq ilia meores, rac ar unda imwvaleblobs man,<br />
aramed eklesis SigniT unda movagvaroT patriarqis Tu sxva episkoposTa<br />
mwvalebloba, dedaeklesiis SigniT unda moxdes mxileba da vinc ganudgeba mwvalebel<br />
patriarqs, igi nebayoflobiT tovebs dedaeklesiis wiaRs da gadis sqizmaSi; ase<br />
msjelobs dRes mravali monaTluli, Tqven marTlmadidebeli mRvdeli ra kanonis<br />
safuZvelze daar<strong>wm</strong>unebT maT, rom isini cdebian?<br />
პასუხი:<br />
<strong>wm</strong>. nikodimos mTa<strong>wm</strong>indeli pavle mociqulis epistoleTa ganmartebisas<br />
gvaswavlis: `Tu iRumens anda episkoposs araswori sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba aqvs, anu<br />
mwvaleblur da RvTismgmob swavlebaTaken ixreba, gaiqeci misgan, Tundac igi<br />
angelosi iyos zecidan~<br />
“hrqua mas eparxosman: eziarebia eklesiasa kostantinepolisasa anu ara? miugo<br />
<strong>wm</strong>idaman maqsime: nu iyofin, ara veziarebi. eparxosman Tqua: rasaTvis ara eziarebi?<br />
miugo Rirsman man: rameTu <strong>wm</strong>idani krebani ganyarna. hrqua mas eparxosman: ukueTu<br />
<strong>wm</strong>idani krebani ganyarna, viTar mosaxsenebelTa Sina weril arian, da odesca patriaqi<br />
Jamsa wirvides ixsenebian xmamaRlad? miugo monaman RmrTisaman: da ra sargebel ars<br />
saxelTa xseneba, vinaTgan sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba maT mier damtkicebuli ganagdes amis eklesiisa<br />
_ gan?“<br />
(<strong>wm</strong>. maqsime aRmsareblis cxovreba)<br />
N netarxsenebuli maqsimedan 14 saukunis Semdgom Cvenc vkiTxulobT: _ ra sargebel<br />
ars sityviT marTlmadidebelad wodeba, Tu saqmiT sar<strong>wm</strong>unoeba marTlaRmsareblobisa<br />
gangdebul iqneba amis eklesiisagan?<br />
mwvaleblobasa da mwvalebels ki, rom unda ganveSoroT <strong>wm</strong> pavle mociquli<br />
gvaswavlis: _ `mwvalebelsa kacsa Semdgomad erTisa da orisa swavlisa<br />
ganeSore~(tit. 3,10), xolo vinc mociquls ar ujerebs, is arc mkvdreTiT rom vinme<br />
aRsdges da uTxras mas WeSmariti sityva masac ar daujerebs. macxovari brZanebs<br />
mociqulebze –“ romelman Tqveni isminos, Cemi ismina, da romelman Seurac-gyvnes, me
Seuracx-myofs, da romelman me Seuracx-myos, Seuracx-hyofs momavlinebelsa<br />
Cemsa.”(luk. 10, -16)<br />
rac Seexeba Cvens mier vinmes dar<strong>wm</strong>unebas, es arc aris saWiro. WeSmaritebis<br />
maZieblebi TviTon Caswvdebian da mixvdebian Tu sad aris simarTle. xolo vinc ar<br />
eZiebs, is verc gaigebs da verc ipovis verafers!<br />
samwuxaroa is, rom Cvens droSi Zalian mciredni arian vinc namdvilad<br />
dainteresebulni arian WeSmariti qristianobiT!<br />
Cveni droisTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania saRmrTo werilis es adgili: -<br />
„52. da waravlinna mociqulni winaSe missa. da igini warvides da Sevides dabasa<br />
samaritelTasa, raჲTa mo-raჲme-umzadon mas. 53. da ara Seiwynares igini, rameTu piri<br />
misi iyo mislvad ierusalჱmd. 54. viTarca ixiles mowafeTa misTa iakob da iovane,<br />
Tques: ufalo, gnebavsa, raჲTa vTquaT, da cecxli gardamoჴdes zeciT da aRჴocnes<br />
igini, viTarca elia yo? 55. mieqca iesu da Sehrisxna maT da hrqua: ara iciT,<br />
romlisa sulisani xarT Tquen? 56. rameTu Ze kacisaჲ ara movida warwymedad sulsa<br />
kacTasa, aramed cxovrebad. da warvides sxuasa dabasa.“ (luk.9, 52-56)<br />
U unda gvaxsovdes romlisa sulisani varT qristeanebi. Cven SevecadoT gavwioT<br />
mo<strong>wm</strong>oba WeSmaritebisa. ar migviReben? warvideT sxuasa dabasa!<br />
D<br />
da kvlav <strong>wm</strong>. maqsime aRmsareblis sityvebiT minda davasrulo es vrceli<br />
interviu. radganac, Cveni sulebisTvisFfriad mniSvnelovania, rom aseTi Sinagani<br />
ganwyoba gvqondes Cvens garSemo myof adamianebze, rogorebic ar unda iyvnen isini : -<br />
“aravin ganikiTxes samTa yrmaTa, odes igi xatsa mas oqrosasa ara Tayuanisces,<br />
romelsa yovelni igi erni Tayuanis scemdes; rameTu ara sxuaTa maT erTa saqmesa<br />
xedvides, aramed amas ekrZalebodes, raTa igini ara midrkes WeSmaritebisagan. aw<br />
ukue meca aravis ganvikiTxav, arca vityvi Tu me xolo vcxondebi; ufrosad mravalTa<br />
bralTa Tanamdebad maqus Tavi Cemi, garna amas zeda madliTa RmrTisaTa <strong>vidre</strong><br />
sikudilamde aRvasruleb, raTa ver mamxilos gonebaman Cemman Tu sar<strong>wm</strong>unoebasa Sina<br />
RmrTisaTa vsceTi romliTaca saxiTa”<br />
(<strong>wm</strong>. maqsime aRmsarebeli)<br />
უღრმესი მადლობა, ძვირფასო მამა ზურაბი, რომ „დიდგორის“ ვებ-გვერდს<br />
მოგვეცით სულის ხსნისათვის უმნიშვნელოვანეს საკითხებზე ასეთი ჭეშმარიტების<br />
მღაღადებელი ინტერვიუ!<br />
<strong>mSvidoba</strong> gqonodeT!<br />
მამა ზურაბთან ინტერვიუ მოამზადა „დიდგორის“<br />
მართლმადიდებლობის პრეს-სამსახურმა
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