loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

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aTasi, spilenZisa – 75 aTasi wliT dRevandeli masStabiT maTi mopovebis donis SenarCunebiT. navTobis WaburRilis burRvisas samxreT kaliforniaSi 3000 met- ris siRrmidan amoxeTqa cxeli wylis Wavlma, romelic liTonebis namdvi- li wyaro aRmoCnda. masSi didi raodenobiT Sedis kaliumi, natriumi da liTiumi. erTi litri wyali Seicavs ramodenime gram rkinas, spilenZs, mcire raodenobiT magniumsa da vercxls. wyalSi liTonebis koncentra- cia imdenad didia, rom WaburRilis piri ifareboda Savi liTonuri la- miTa da wiTeli da TeTri spilenZis kristalebiT. ara, liTonuri krizisi adamians ar emuqreba. liToni sakmarisia ara marto CvenTvis, aramed Cveni SvilisSvilebisTvisac, Tumca unda gavi- TvaliswinoT erTi WeSmariteba: `Cveni planeta SiZleba mivusadagoT uki- degano okeaneSi Securebul iaxtas. mis bortze mtknari wylis, sursaT- sanovagisa da sxva aucilebeli sagnebis SezRuduli maragia. curvis dros am maragis Sevseba versaidan ver moxerxdeba. dedamiwa ki arc ise didia!~ Tumca kosmosur eraSi gamokveTilia liTonebis mopovebis kidev erTi perspeqtiva. arsebobs araerTi proeqti ciuri sxeulebidan dedamiwis maragis Sesavsebad. planetebs Soris sivrceSi aTobiT aTasi mcire planeta, anu asteroidi `daseirnobs~, romlebic ZiriTadad rkinisa da ni- kelisagan Sedgebian. zogierTi maTganis orbita metad axlos gadis dedamiwis orbitasTan, ris gamoc xSirad Zalian axlos aRmoCndebian xolme Cvens planetasTan. mecnierTa nawilis azriT, kosmosuri teqnikis gamoye- nebiT Teoriulad SesaZlebelia maTi gadmoyvana dedamiwis maxlobel or- bitaze, xolo Semdeg – rkinisa da nikelis mopovebis dawyeba. miRebuli liTonebis dedamiwaze gadmosazidad navaraudevia li- Tonuri penoblokebis damzadeba da maTi CamotvirTva okeaneSi, sadac isi- ni icureben manam, sanam satransporto gemi ar miawvdis sanapiroze gan- Tavsebul metalurgiul qarxanas. specialistebis gaTvliT, erTi kuburi metri asteroidi Tanamed- rove moTxovnis normebis pirobebSi dedamiwas rkiniT uzrunvelyofs 15, xolo nikeliT – 1250 wlis ganmavlobaSi. asteroidebi SeiZleba Seicavd- nen agreTve stabilur izotopebs rigiTi nomriT 112-dan 126-mde. mTvaridan Camotanili mTis qanebis analizma cxadyo, rom masSi 83
evrad ufro metia Toriumis, titanis, cirkoniumisa da itriumis Semcve- loba, vidre dedamiwaze. aqedan gamomdinare, momavali qimikosebi, metalurgebi, liTonmcod- neebi da liTonTa fizikosebi unda momzaddnen imisaTvis, rom SeZlon mTvaris, asteroidebisa da sxva planetebidan mopovebuli nedleulis ga- damuSaveba. 21. liTonmcodneobis momavali gasuli saukunis 80-ian wlebamde mecniereba liTonebis Sesaxeb, Tu SeiZleba es ase iTqvas, CamorCenil poziciaSi imyofeboda. rogorc we- si, axal liTonur masalebs jer laboratoriaSi Rebulobdnen, xolo misi Tvisebebis Seswavlas Semdeg iwyebdnen. aqedan gamomdinare, Senadnobe- bis umravlesoba SemuSavebulia empiriuli gziT iseve, rogorc Rebulobd- nen axal masalebs aswleulebis winaT. teqnikaSi gamoyenebuli elementebis mravalferovneba da maTi ur- TierTSexamebis amouwuravi pirobebi unikaluri Tvisebebis Senadnobebis Seqmnis perspeqtivebs saxavs, magram kacobrioba ver iyenebs yvela am SesaZ- leblobas ubralod imis gamo, rom laboratoriaSi maTi gamocdis rigi jer ar damdgara. Tumca varaudoben, rom cnobili elementebis yvela Se- saZlo urTierTSexamebis Sedegis eqsperimentuli kvlevisaTvis saWiro liTonis raodenoba dedamiwis wonas gadaaWarbebs! amasTan, saWiro iqne- boda usasrulod didi dro da saxsrebi. maS raSia gamosavali? am kiTx- vas pasuxi calsaxad SeiZleba gaeces: axali Senadnobebis `gaangariSebaSi~. aba daukvirdiT: `kalmis wveris gamoyenebiT~ astronomebs aRmoCe- nili aqvT planetebi; wamis meaTedis sizustiT iTvlian mTvarisa da mzis dabnelebis periods ara marto axlo momavalSi, aramed romelic ukve mox- da aTaswleulebis win an moxdeba aseuli da aTaswleulebis Semdeg. gvi- rabis mSeneblebi absoluturi sizustiT sazRvraven miwis qveS erTmane- Tis Sesaxvedrad moZravi gvirabgamyvanebis Sexvedris adgilsa da dros. maS ratom ar SeiZleba imave `kalmis wveris~ da, ufro metic, kompiute- ris gamoyenebiT liTonTa fizikosma da liTonmcodneebma jer gamoTva- lon sasurveli Tvisebebis mqone Senadnobebis Sedgeniloba, gansazRvron Sesabamisi damuSavebis xerxi da mxolod amis Semdeg, winaswari monaceme- 84
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m. oqrosaSvili loTonmcodneobis safu
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popularul literaturaze dayrdnobiT g
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1. liToni yvelgan Cvens saukunes zo
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safuZvels iZleva vivaraudoT, rom li
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vilsa da narTs. spilenZi, rogorc ma
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jaos warmoebis aTviseba iTvleba. ma
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libebis, mosinikebisa da tibarenebi
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liveris (samxreT amerikis gmiri) da
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nobebic, romlebsac ufro rTuli agebu
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lebi. avtomobiliT dRes veravis gaak
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li yofila misi meqanikuri Tvisebebi
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Si moculobis 74% atomebiT aris Sevs
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gankuTvnili adgilebis dakavebas da
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tali sakuTari Canasaxidan, anu cent
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moCnda realur simtkicesTan Sedarebi
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kristalebis zrdis pirobebisa da maT
Page 33 and 34: cisa da medegobis Sesaxeb yvela Sem
Page 35 and 36: nobebs. TiToeuli jgufis folads gans
Page 37 and 38: sazRvra 1650 0 C-iT, 1935 wels - 14
Page 39 and 40: vizorebi da mravali sxva mowyobilob
Page 41 and 42: vina, radgan SeeSinda, axal liTons
Page 43 and 44: ulati aris saxelganTqmuli foladi, r
Page 45 and 46: iTvaliswinebs namzadis miRebas tige
Page 47 and 48: medicinis istoriaSi cnobilia erTi s
Page 49 and 50: wliurad msoflioSi awarmoeben milion
Page 51 and 52: yoyoCda. ruxi Tujis winaSe ise daiw
Page 53 and 54: nand TavaZis xelmZRvanelobiT jer ki
Page 55 and 56: dili javSnis simtkicesa da Wurvis j
Page 57 and 58: Tavdapirvelad Zvirfas gamocdilebas
Page 59 and 60: ebas, magram siblantisa da plastiku
Page 61 and 62: ebiT axali mxurvalmtkice masalebis
Page 63 and 64: mkvlevars, Aalfred vilms gaumarTla.
Page 65 and 66: wyalbadi friad perspeqtiul saavtomo
Page 67 and 68: sxva tipis TviTmfrinavebis warmoeba
Page 69 and 70: Jangbadis narevi aluminTan iZleva 7
Page 71 and 72: 17. Zneldnobadi liTonebi da Senadno
Page 73 and 74: marcvlis sazRvrebSi da auareseben f
Page 75 and 76: taqtebi srulad gamodis mwyobridan r
Page 77 and 78: liTad, atomuri Jangbadis molekulad
Page 79 and 80: mis mcire danamatebi mniSvnelovnad
Page 81 and 82: cxliswyals. am raodenobis TiTqmis n
Page 83: adgilas. es mxolod dasawyisia. mikr
Page 87 and 88: is momentSi antena kompaqturad aris
Page 89 and 90: Rali energiis kavSiris Zalebi. nivT
Page 91 and 92: s a r C e v i Sesavali . . . . . .
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loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

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