loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

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foladis Secvla aluminis SenadnobebiT satransporto saSuale- bebis wonas TiTqmis samjer amcirebs, rac gadasazidi sasargeblo tvir- Tis raodenobas 2-2,5-jer zrdis, xolo 100 kg alumini, romliTac Secv- lilia mZime liTonebisgan damzadebuli igive raodenobis saavtomobilo detalebi, iZleva sawvavis ekonomias 15%-iT. aluminis Senadnobebis koroziamedegoba aTjer aRemateba foladis koroziamedegobas zRvis wyalSi. amitom igi warmatebiT gamoiyeneba gemTmSeneblobaSi da did siRrmeebSi momuSave aparaturis dasamzadeblad. 1960 wels germaniis federaciul respublikaSi eqspluataciaSi ga- uSves tankeri `aluminia~, romlis korpusi aluminis Senadnobebisgan Se- duRebiT aris akrefili, xolo amerikuli wyalqveSa navi `aluminauti~ TiTqmis mTlianad aluminis Senadnobebisganaa damzadebuli. alumini gamoiyeneba saokeano lainerebis warmoebaSic. 1956 wels mdinare segenize (kanada) agebulia aluminis Senadnobe- bis TaRovani xidi, romlis sigane 150 metrs aRemateba. xidi ara marto orjer msubuqia analogiur foladis xidTan SedarebiT, aramed igi ar saWiroebs regularul Rebvas koroziisagan dasacavad. amJamad sul ufro da ufro meti alumini gamoiyeneba samSeneblo industriaSi da atomur reaqtorebSi. boris boWkoTi armirebuli aluminis Senadnobebi brwyinvale masa- laa saaviacio mrewvelobisaTvis. magaliTad, amerikuli TviTmfrinavis, `fantom~-is mravali detali aRniSnuli masalisganaa damzadebuli, romlis wona 60%-iT ufro naklebia manmade gamoyenebuli masalis wonasTan SedarebiT. Seqmnilia aluminis Senadnobi aqtivirebuli danamatebiT, romelic wyalSi ixsneba. reaqciis Sedegad gamoiyofa didi raodenobiT wyalbadi. erTi grami alumini uzrunvelyofs erT litramde wyalbadis miRebas. reaqciis meore produqts aluminis oqsidi warmoadgens, romelic mravali daniSnulebiT gamoiyeneba. amasTan, wyalSi ixsneba mxolod alumini, aqtivirebuli danamatebi ki naleqSi gadadis da SesaZlebelia misi xelaxali gamoyeneba. wyalsa da Senadnobs Soris reaqciis mimdinareobis siCqaris regu- lireba sakmaod farTo diapazonSia SesaZlebeli, rac wyalbadis gamoyo- fis intensivobis sruli kontrolis winapirobas warmoadgens. radgan 63
wyalbadi friad perspeqtiul saavtomobilo sawvavs miekuTvneba, SemuSa- vebuli Senadnobis realizacia am daniSnulebiT araerT problemas gada- wyvets, maT Soris erT-erT umTavress – ekologiurs – wyalbadis wvis Sedegad xom mxolod wylis orTqli gamoiyofa! dRiTidRe izrdeba interesi magniumisadmi da es sruliad gasage- bia. igi xom 1,5-jer msubuqia aluminze, 2,6-jer – titanze, 4,5-jer rkinaze. magniumis Senadnobebis kuTri simkvrive kidev ufro maRalia. magniumi movercxlisfro-TeTri, qimiurad metad aqtiuri liTonia. miuxedavad amisa, haerze ar iJangeba, radgan mas icavs oqsidis mkvrivi fe- na, gaxurebisas ki feTqavs damabrmavebeli TeTri alis warmoqmniT. magniumi ZiriTadad gamoiyeneba msubuqi Senadnobebis Semadgenel komponentad. zogierTi maTgani, magaliTad, liTiumisa da magniumis Senadnobi, wyalze msubuqia. magniumis Senadnobebi ukve gamoiyeneba Tanamedrove TviTmfri- navmSeneblobaSi, raketebisa da Tanamgzavrebis sxvadasxva detalis dasamzadeblad. magniumis TboSemcveloba daaxloebiT 2,5-jer metia foladTan Se- darebiT. es imas niSnavs, rom erTi da igive raodenobis siTbos STanTq- mis SemTxvevaSi magniumis Senadnobi 2,5-jer ufro naklebad gaxurdeba. amitom xanmokle frenis procesSi misgan damzadebuli detalebi, miuxedavad dnobis dabali temperaturisa, ver aswreben gadaxurebas. drois mcire monakveTSi momuSave raketebSi (magaliTad, tipi `haeri-haeri~) magniumis Senadnobebis wona konstruqciis mTliani wonis 90% Seadgens. sakonstruqcio masalad magniumis Senadnobebis gamoyenebam amerikuli raketebis wona 20-30%-iT Seamcira. aman ara marto mniSvnelovnad gazarda maTi frenis siSore da tvirTamweoba, aramed yovel raketaze da- zoga 500 aTasi dolari. kosmosuri xomaldis `jemini~ SemaerTebeli sa- marjvebis daaxloebiT 85% magniumis Senadnobebisgan aris damzadebuli. magniumis Senadnobebi gamoiyeneba saavtomobilo mrewvelobaSic. magaliTad, firma `folksvageni~ yoveli Zravis dasamzadeblad iyenebs 18 kg magniums. kidev ufro gansacvifrebeli TvisebebiT xasiaTdeba beriliumi. igi warmoadgens sal da msubuq liTons, romelic dneba 1284 0 C temperatu- raze (unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom aluminis dnobis temperatura Seadgens 660 0 C, xolo magniumisa - 651 0 C). gansakuTrebiT Zvirfasia is Tviseba, rom 64
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m. oqrosaSvili loTonmcodneobis safu
Page 3 and 4:
popularul literaturaze dayrdnobiT g
Page 5 and 6:
1. liToni yvelgan Cvens saukunes zo
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safuZvels iZleva vivaraudoT, rom li
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vilsa da narTs. spilenZi, rogorc ma
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jaos warmoebis aTviseba iTvleba. ma
Page 13 and 14: libebis, mosinikebisa da tibarenebi
Page 15 and 16: liveris (samxreT amerikis gmiri) da
Page 17 and 18: nobebic, romlebsac ufro rTuli agebu
Page 19 and 20: lebi. avtomobiliT dRes veravis gaak
Page 21 and 22: li yofila misi meqanikuri Tvisebebi
Page 23 and 24: Si moculobis 74% atomebiT aris Sevs
Page 25 and 26: gankuTvnili adgilebis dakavebas da
Page 27 and 28: tali sakuTari Canasaxidan, anu cent
Page 29 and 30: moCnda realur simtkicesTan Sedarebi
Page 31 and 32: kristalebis zrdis pirobebisa da maT
Page 33 and 34: cisa da medegobis Sesaxeb yvela Sem
Page 35 and 36: nobebs. TiToeuli jgufis folads gans
Page 37 and 38: sazRvra 1650 0 C-iT, 1935 wels - 14
Page 39 and 40: vizorebi da mravali sxva mowyobilob
Page 41 and 42: vina, radgan SeeSinda, axal liTons
Page 43 and 44: ulati aris saxelganTqmuli foladi, r
Page 45 and 46: iTvaliswinebs namzadis miRebas tige
Page 47 and 48: medicinis istoriaSi cnobilia erTi s
Page 49 and 50: wliurad msoflioSi awarmoeben milion
Page 51 and 52: yoyoCda. ruxi Tujis winaSe ise daiw
Page 53 and 54: nand TavaZis xelmZRvanelobiT jer ki
Page 55 and 56: dili javSnis simtkicesa da Wurvis j
Page 57 and 58: Tavdapirvelad Zvirfas gamocdilebas
Page 59 and 60: ebas, magram siblantisa da plastiku
Page 61 and 62: ebiT axali mxurvalmtkice masalebis
Page 63: mkvlevars, Aalfred vilms gaumarTla.
Page 67 and 68: sxva tipis TviTmfrinavebis warmoeba
Page 69 and 70: Jangbadis narevi aluminTan iZleva 7
Page 71 and 72: 17. Zneldnobadi liTonebi da Senadno
Page 73 and 74: marcvlis sazRvrebSi da auareseben f
Page 75 and 76: taqtebi srulad gamodis mwyobridan r
Page 77 and 78: liTad, atomuri Jangbadis molekulad
Page 79 and 80: mis mcire danamatebi mniSvnelovnad
Page 81 and 82: cxliswyals. am raodenobis TiTqmis n
Page 83 and 84: adgilas. es mxolod dasawyisia. mikr
Page 85 and 86: evrad ufro metia Toriumis, titanis,
Page 87 and 88: is momentSi antena kompaqturad aris
Page 89 and 90: Rali energiis kavSiris Zalebi. nivT
Page 91 and 92: s a r C e v i Sesavali . . . . . .
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loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

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