loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis

ebas, magram siblantisa da plastikurobis maCveneblebis gazrdas.
12.3. qimiur-Termuli damuSaveba da misi arsi. liTons gaaCnia una-
ri maRal temperaturaze gaixsnas im komponentis atomebi, romlis gare-
moSic igi iqneba moTavsebuli. bunebrivia, gaxsnis procesi daiwyeba li-
Tonis zedapiridan. adsorbirebuli atomebi difuziis gziT TandaTan ga-
daadgildebian nakeTobis siRrmeSi, ris Sedegadac zedapiruli fenebi aR-
niSnuli komponentiT ufro gajerebuli aRmoCndeba gulTan SedarebiT.
rogorc Cans, damuSavebis es saxe cvlis rogorc zedapiruli fenebis
struqturas, ise mis qimiur Sedgenilobas. aqedan gamomdinare, mas qimiur-
Termul damuSavebas uwodeben.
qimiur-Termuli damuSavebiT SesaZlebelia nakeTobis zedapiruli
fenebis gamdidreba naxSirbadiT (process cementacia ewodeba), azotiT
(daazoteba), an orive elementiT erTdroulad (dacianeba). foladis zeda-
piruli fenebis magaliTad, naxSirbadiT gamdidrebis Semdeg, wrTobis Ca-
tareba uzrunvelyofs nakeTobis zedapiris sisalisa da cveTamedegobis
gazrdas, xolo gulSi SenarCunebuli iqneba pirvandeli struqtura misT-
vis damaxasiaTebeli TvisebebiT.
galStadtis (Sua evropa) samWedlo teqnikis metalografiulma Se-
swavlam cxadyo, rom rkinis nakeTobaTa cementacia (danis, Subis dabo-
loebis) da wyalSi wrToba ukve cnobili iyo pirvel aTaswleulSi Cvens
eramde.
msgavsi teqnologiuri procesiT, romelsac difuzur metalizaci-
as uwodeben, SesaZlebelia nakeTobaTa zedapiris gamdidreba sxvadasxva
liToniT, magaliTad, aluminiT, qromiT, siliciumiT, nikeliT da a.S.
13. liTonuri naerTebi da kompozitebi
Tanamedrove teqnikaSi gamoiyeneba sruliad gansxvavebuli Tvisebe-
bis mqone mravali aTasi Senadnobi. rogorc alfa-betas mxolod 33 asos
sxvadasxvagvari urTierTSeTanxmebiT iqmneba enis yvela simdidre, aseve
daaxloebiT rva aTeuli liToni iZleva sruliad gansxvavebuli Tvise-
bebis mqone uTvalavi raodenobis Senadnobis miRebis SesaZleblobas.
principSi SeiZleba Seiqmnas nebismieri masala, romelic ki adamians das-
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