loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis
loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis
loTonmcodneobis safuZvlebi damwyebTaTvis
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
egviptelebisaTvis jer kidev Cvens eramde iyo cnobili, rom rkinis zogi-<br />
erTi `saxeoba~ iwrToboda gaxurebuli mdgomareobidan wyalSi gacive-<br />
biT, zogierTi ki – ara. foladis es Tviseba – iwrTos wyalSi gacivebi-<br />
sas, mravali saukunis ganmavlobaSi warmoadgenda erTaderT ganmasxvave-<br />
bel niSans rkinasa da folads Soris.<br />
XVIII saukunis dasawyisSi mecnierTa mier gamoTqmuli iyo azri,<br />
rom rkina da foladi qimiuri TvalsazrisiT erTmaneTisgan gansxvavde-<br />
bodnen raRac minarevebis SemcvelobiT. mxolod 1814 wels miuTiTa germa-<br />
nelma mkvlevarma karstenma, rom aseT minarevs naxSirbadi warmoadgenda.<br />
ZiriTadi komponentis, naxSirbadis raodenoba foladSi 2%-mdea.<br />
swored igi gansazRvravs foladis umTavres Tvisebebs. kerZod, naxSirba-<br />
dis raodenobis gazrdiT sisalisa da simtkicis maxasiaTeblebi matu-<br />
lobs, xolo plastikuroba mcirdeba. aseT Senadnobebs naxSirbadian fo-<br />
ladebs uwodeben gansxvavebiT legirebuli foladebisagan, romlebic<br />
garda rkinisa da naxSirbadisa, damatebiT Seicaven erT an ramodenime<br />
elements, romlebic folads ama Tu im gansakuTrebul Tvisebas aniWebs,<br />
magaliTad, uJangaobas, cveTamedegobas da a.S. rogorc ukve viciT, fo-<br />
ladSi specialurad Setanil elements malegirebeli elementi ewodeba.<br />
foladisagan mzaddeba manqanaTa nawilebis umravlesoba – RerZe-<br />
bi, kbilanebi, zambarebi, mWreli da mzomi iaraRebi da kidev sxva mravali.<br />
Tuji minarevebis ufro met raodenobas Seicavs, vidre foladi.<br />
naxSirbadis Semcveloba masSi 2%-s aRemateba. Cveulebrivi Tujis texi<br />
ruxi Seferilobisaa, amitom mas rux Tujs uwodeben. Tuji Zalian kargad<br />
avsebs yalibs, amitom misgan asxamen sadgarebs, Zravis korpusebs da sxva<br />
mraval nakeTobas, romelic Semdgom damuSavebas praqtikulad ar moiT-<br />
xovs. Tujis kargi samsxmelo Tvisebebi saSualebas iZleva misgan damzad-<br />
des sxvadasxva mxatvruli sxmuli (magaliTad, parkis CuqurTmiani Robe-<br />
ebi) da yvelanairi qandakeba. Tujis umTavresi uaryofiTi mxarea misi ga-<br />
zrdili simyife. Tuji warmoadgens nedleuls foladis misaRebad.<br />
Tujisa da foladis `naTesauri kavSirisa~ da foladis gamoyene-<br />
bis sferoebis Sesaxeb kargad aris mxatvrulad gadmocemuli erT-erT<br />
mokle zRaparSi, romlis saTauria `Tuji da foladi~.<br />
`gadmoiRvara cecxlis Wavlad mxurvale Rumelidan cxeli fola-<br />
di, akaSkaSda oqrosfer varskvlavebad, gacivda Zvirfas zodebad da ga-<br />
49
Change language